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127:, interrogated nine Aboriginal people who were being held in jail and compelled two of them to lead a group of armed colonists to secure Musquito. The other seven incarcerated Aboriginal people were retained in custody as hostages. Musquito was captured less than a week later in July 1805 and gaoled in Parramatta.
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said it provoked further violence. The execution of
Musquito undoubtedly inflamed the remaining members of the "tame mob" and 'Oyster Bay tribe' who, now led by Kikatapula, quickly resumed hostilities against the invaders. This expanded into a bloody conflict of extermination that has become known as
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In
November 1823, Musquito and his mob were camped at Grindstone Bay, which had been a favourite hunting ground for the 'Oyster Bay' people but was now part of Silas Gatehouse's Grindstone Bay sheep property. Musquito bartered with the stockmen there and arranged for three Aboriginal women to provide
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Musquito and his "tame mob" remained docile to the colonists until 1823 when conflict flared. By this stage, British expansion into Van Diemen's Land had increased significantly and "the tame mob" had been joined by more displaced
Aboriginal people who were escaping death, abduction and violence at
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farm hand named Mammoa and settler George
Meredith's servant, William Hollyoak, at Grindstone Bay, and held in custody at Old Hobart Gaol. In November 1824, a group of 64 members of the 'Oyster Bay tribe' entered Hobart courageously to solicit Musquito's release. Although Governor Arthur was
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The transportation of
Musquito to Norfolk Island resulted in a long period of peace between the Aboriginal and settler populations around Sydney. With this diminishing of hostilities, Governor King proposed in 1806 to repatriate Musquito and Bull Dog back to Sydney, but this never occurred.
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reported that they also encountered
Musquito and his small band of Dharug there. Musquito called out to them "in good English" that he will continue his raids before running off. On 9 June 1805 the colonial authorities authorised the specific arrest of Musquito, whom they regarded as a key
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sexual services for the stockmen in exchange for food. When the women were returned, a stockmen shot one of them in the back. The "tame mob" led by
Musquito, Kikatapula and another man named Black Jack, exacted their revenge by killing two of the stockmen and severely wounding another.
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Musquito joined "the tame mob" of around 30 to 60 Aboriginal people, who during that time peacefully coexisted with the
British settlers. They travelled around southeastern Van Diemen's Land, accepted handouts of food and occasionally camping in
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before retreating into the interior. In
January 1824, the colonial government published a general notice naming Musquito and Black Jack as outlaws, ordering their arrest. However, soon after the declaration, Musquito's gang raided a farm near
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Historian Naomi Parry describes the evidence arrayed against
Musquito for aiding and abetting as "dubious" and says that after his death it "remained unclear whether Musquito committed any murders". Musquito's contemporary
96:, Branch Jack and Musquito engaged in violent raids on British farms in the Parramatta, Hawkesbury and Georges River areas. Several settlers were killed and numerous Aboriginal people were shot dead. In April,
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Musquito was banished to Norfolk Island at a time when, for financial reasons, it was slowly being decommissioned as a settlement, with its convicts and free settlers being gradually transferred to
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In August 1824, Musquito was finally captured by a constable and an Aboriginal youth named Teague (or Tegg), who incapacitated Musquito by shooting him in the thigh and groin. Governor
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By February 1818 he was a servant of the prominent and wealthy settler and entrepreneur, Edward Lord, and some sources say that in September 1818 he helped track down the bushranger
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In response to the arrest of Musquito, Governor King revoked the orders banning Aboriginal people from the settlements and released Tedbury. Musquito attempted to escape his cell at
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With his strong knowledge of traditional bushcraft, violent background and experience in the ways of the British, Musquito rapidly became the commanding leader of "the tame mob".
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Ostracised by the convicts, and disillusioned by Sorell's broken promise to return Musquito to Sydney, Musquito decided in 1819 to leave the settlement for the bush.
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Armed parties were sent out to capture Musquito but raids attributed to him or his associates continued, which resulted in another ten settlers being killed near
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He was tried in December 1824 along with his comrade Black Jack who had also been captured. Musquito and Black Jack were both found guilty and sentenced to
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promised Teague a boat as a reward but never delivered on it, resulting in an angered Teague joining the Aboriginal outlaws and dying soon after.
255:, an 'Oyster Bay' man who joined "the tame mob" in 1822, harboured personal grievances against the colonists who he had lived with and worked for.
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On arriving in Van Diemen's Land, Musquito was legally a free man and in 1814, Musquito's brother Philip convinced Governor
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ordered a mobilisation of soldiers and decreed that no Aboriginal people be allowed to approach any British settlements.
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to accommodate them, Musquito remained incarcerated and the disappointed Oyster Bay people soon returned to the bush.
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and runaway convicts. For his services, Musquito was promised repatriation to Sydney by Lieutenant-Governor
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resistance leader, convict hunter and outlaw based firstly in the Sydney region of the British colony of
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by loosening the stones in the wall. He was subsequently exiled in August 1805 to the convict colony on
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384:, also known as Walyer, Waloa or Walloa was a rebel leader of the Indigenous Australians in Tasmania
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a warrior and resistance leader of the Bidjigal clan of the Eora people, in the area around Sydney
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As part of the evacuation from Norfolk Island, Musquito was sent in January 1813 on the ship
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to allow Musquito to return to Sydney, but he remained in Van Diemen's Land.
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698:. Vol. XXVIII, no. 80. Tasmania, Australia. 4 July 1868. p. 2
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Ourou Marae (Bull Dog), who was transported with Musquito to Norfolk Island
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killing a stockman before killing colonist Patrick McCarthy at his nearby
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receptive to their entreaties and ordered some huts to be built at
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449:. National Centre of Biography, Australian National University.
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Musquito was charged with aiding and abetting the murder of a
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A retrospective portrait of Musquito, completed in the 1860s
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called the conviction a "most extraordinary precedent" and
493:"Transgressions: Critical Australian Indigenous histories"
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Resistance to British colonisation in the Sydney region
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Indigenous Australian bushranger and resistance leader
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which tracked down and dispersed Musquito's mob near
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Hobart Town Gazette and Van Diemen's Land Advertiser
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192:Musquito worked for the colonial authorities as an
123:In that same month, the magistrate at Parramatta,
107:conducted by the colonists captured Tedbury near
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399:List of Indigenous Australian historical figures
660:"8 war heroes you didn't learn about in school"
115:where they found stores of plundered corn. The
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138:with a fellow "principal" in the raiding, a
32:(c.1780 – 25 February 1825) (also rendered
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633:. Mile End: Wakefield Press.
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562:"Ourou Marae dit Bull Dog"
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322:Capture and execution
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540:. Sydney: NewSouth.
515:. Dural: Rosenberg.
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103:In May, a
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300:Tunbridge
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370:See also
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
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