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No private interest was to be permitted to obstruct the service, or imperil the safety, of the State. Trade Union regulations must be suspended; employers' profits must be limited, skilled men must fight, if not in the trenches, in the factories; man-power must be economized by the dilution of labour
148:
The Act forbade strikes and lockouts and replaced them with compulsory arbitration. It set up a system of controlling war industries. It established munitions tribunals that were special courts to enforce good working practices. It suspended, for the duration, restrictive practices by trade unions.
129:
The law imposed very strong regulations on wages, hours and employment conditions. It was a penal offence for a worker to leave his current job at such a "Controlled
Establishment" without the consent of his employer, which in practice was "almost impossible" to obtain. The
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149:
It limited labour mobility between jobs. The courts ruled the definition of munitions to be broad enough to include textile workers and dock workers. The law was repealed in 1919, but similar legislation took effect during the Second World War.
125:
and the employment of women; private factories must pass under the control of the State, and new national factories be set up. Results justified the new policy: the output was prodigious; the goods were at last delivered.
156:, the main features of the law were abolished regarding manning arrangements (in particular employment of women and unskilled workers), closed shop agreements, restriction of overtime and apprenticeship rules.
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An Act to make provision for furthering the efficient manufacture, transport, and supply of
Munitions for the present War; and for purposes incidental thereto.
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108:. It was designed to maximize munitions output and brought private companies supplying the armed forces under the tight control of the newly created
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271:
Rubin, Gerry R. (1989). "Law as a bargaining weapon: British labour and the
Restoration of Pre-War Practices Act 1919".
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when inadequate supplies of artillery shells and other munitions contributed to a political crisis for prime minister
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219:
G. R. Rubin, "The
Origins of Industrial Tribunals: Munitions Tribunals during the First World War, The."
131:
519:
363:
361:
Rubin, Gerry R. (1984). "Law, War and
Economy: The Munitions Acts 1915-17 and Corporatism in Context".
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and the formation on 17 May 1915 of a coalition government of all three major parties.
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247:"RESTORATION OF PRE-WAR PRACTICES (No. 3) BILL (Hansard, 2 June 1919)"
376:
421:
345:
The
Munitions of War Acts, 1915 and 1916: An Analysis with Notes
208:
On Her Their Lives Depend: Munitions
Workers in the Great War
2726:
417:House of Lords debate on the Act, 13 January 1916
323:: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of September 2024 (
2793:
166:History of the United Kingdom during World War I
412:House of Commons debate on the Act, 1 July 1915
1440:Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
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2640:Church of England Assembly (Powers) Act 1919
2676:Measures of the National Assembly for Wales
2700:Acts of the Parliament of Northern Ireland
444:
430:
234:Twentieth-Century Britain: An Encyclopedia
154:Restoration of Pre-War Practices Act 1919
1438:Great Britain and Ireland and the United
407:Page from the Munitions of War Act, 1915
341:
137:The Munitions Act was a response to the
14:
2807:United Kingdom Acts of Parliament 1915
2794:
2688:Acts of the Northern Ireland Assembly
425:
360:
348:. London: Stevens and Sons, Limited.
270:
2812:Emergency laws in the United Kingdom
2759:United Kingdom statutory instruments
134:was established to oppose the Act.
24:
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104:passed on 2 July 1915 during the
50:Parliament of the United Kingdom
43:
2660:Acts of the Scottish Parliament
152:As promised in 1915, under the
2764:Scottish statutory instruments
289:(inactive 19 September 2024).
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13:
1:
2817:United Kingdom in World War I
2781:Church of England instruments
460:Pre-parliamentary legislation
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171:Defence of the Realm Act 1914
491:the Kingdom of Great Britain
7:
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116:. The policy, according to
10:
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364:Journal of Law and Society
29:United Kingdom legislation
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287:10.1017/S0018246X00015764
196:Modern England: 1885-1945
98:Munitions of War Act 1915
84:
79:
66:
56:
42:
37:
33:Munitions of War Act 1915
2822:1915 in military history
1436:of the United Kingdom of
1122:Kingdom of Great Britain
467:List of English statutes
132:Clyde Workers' Committee
2827:World War I legislation
905:Interregnum (1642–1660)
342:Chartres, John (1916).
1099:Parliament of Scotland
221:Industrial Law Journal
2751:Secondary legislation
1406:Parliament of Ireland
498:Parliament of England
232:F. M. Leventhal, ed.
198:(4th ed. 1948) p. 376
110:Ministry of Munitions
2672:Acts of Senedd Cymru
2603:European Communities
472:Charter of Liberties
210:by Angela Woollacott
194:J. A. R. Marriott,
139:Shell Crisis of 1915
18:Munitions of War Act
2802:1915 in British law
2577:Halsbury's Statutes
489:of states preceding
487:Acts of parliaments
354:2027/wu.89096962261
34:
2832:David Lloyd George
2583:Legislation.gov.uk
1434:Acts of Parliament
274:Historical Journal
114:David Lloyd George
32:
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2737:1972–2009/2015–16
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981:Habeas Corpus Act
892:Petition of Right
251:api.parliament.uk
118:J. A. R. Marriott
102:Act of Parliament
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38:Act of Parliament
16:(Redirected from
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236:(1995) p 78–80.
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371:(3): 317–333.
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1038:
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1016:
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989:
986:
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528:
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521:Temp. incert.
518:
516:
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511:
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496:
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488:
484:
478:
475:
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404:
394:
390:
386:
382:
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355:
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347:
346:
340:
339:
326:
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191:
187:
177:
174:
172:
169:
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150:
146:
144:
143:H. H. Asquith
140:
135:
133:
123:
122:
121:
119:
115:
111:
107:
103:
99:
89:
87:
83:
78:
74:
71:
69:
65:
61:
59:
55:
51:
41:
36:
27:
19:
2718:1994 to date
2653:institutions
2612:1972 to date
2588:Short titles
2575:
1404:Acts of the
903:
520:
368:
362:
344:
319:cite journal
278:
272:
266:
254:. Retrieved
250:
241:
233:
228:
220:
215:
203:
195:
190:
176:Munitionette
151:
147:
136:
128:
120:, was that:
97:
95:
86:Royal assent
26:
477:Magna Carta
90:2 July 1915
2796:Categories
2601:(formerly
182:References
58:Long title
1424:1751–1800
1419:1701–1750
1215:1760–1764
1210:1755–1759
1205:1750–1754
1200:1745–1749
1195:1740–1744
1190:1735–1739
1185:1730–1734
1180:1725–1729
1175:1720–1724
1170:1715–1719
547:1422–1460
542:1413–1421
537:1399–1411
532:1377–1397
527:1327–1376
515:1308–1325
510:1275–1307
505:1225–1267
385:0263-323X
311:154969880
295:0018-246X
2651:devolved
2628:measures
160:See also
112:, under
68:Citation
1414:to 1700
1106:to 1707
393:1409888
303:2639690
256:25 June
75:. c. 54
391:
383:
309:
301:
293:
389:JSTOR
307:S2CID
299:JSTOR
80:Dates
2727:for
2693:List
2681:List
2674:and
2665:List
2635:List
2568:2024
2563:2023
2558:2022
2553:2021
2548:2020
2543:2019
2538:2018
2533:2017
2528:2016
2523:2015
2518:2014
2513:2013
2508:2012
2503:2011
2498:2010
2493:2009
2488:2008
2483:2007
2478:2006
2473:2005
2468:2004
2463:2003
2458:2002
2453:2001
2448:2000
2440:1999
2435:1998
2430:1997
2425:1996
2420:1995
2415:1994
2410:1993
2405:1992
2400:1991
2395:1990
2390:1989
2385:1988
2380:1987
2375:1986
2370:1985
2365:1984
2360:1983
2355:1982
2350:1981
2345:1980
2340:1979
2335:1978
2330:1977
2325:1976
2320:1975
2315:1974
2310:1973
2305:1972
2300:1971
2295:1970
2290:1969
2285:1968
2280:1967
2275:1966
2270:1965
2265:1964
2260:1963
2255:1962
2250:1961
2245:1960
2240:1959
2235:1958
2230:1957
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2215:1954
2210:1953
2205:1952
2200:1951
2195:1950
2190:1949
2185:1948
2180:1947
2175:1946
2170:1945
2165:1944
2160:1943
2155:1942
2150:1941
2145:1940
2140:1939
2135:1938
2130:1937
2125:1936
2120:1935
2115:1934
2110:1933
2105:1932
2100:1931
2095:1930
2090:1929
2085:1928
2080:1927
2075:1926
2070:1925
2065:1924
2060:1923
2055:1922
2050:1921
2045:1920
2040:1919
2035:1918
2030:1917
2025:1916
2020:1915
2015:1914
2010:1913
2005:1912
2000:1911
1995:1910
1990:1909
1985:1908
1980:1907
1975:1906
1970:1905
1965:1904
1960:1903
1955:1902
1950:1901
1945:1900
1937:1899
1932:1898
1927:1897
1922:1896
1917:1895
1912:1894
1907:1893
1902:1892
1897:1891
1892:1890
1887:1889
1882:1888
1877:1887
1872:1886
1867:1885
1862:1884
1857:1883
1852:1882
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1837:1879
1832:1878
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1812:1874
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1777:1867
1772:1866
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1757:1863
1752:1862
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1737:1859
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1727:1857
1722:1856
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1707:1853
1702:1852
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1672:1846
1667:1845
1662:1844
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1642:1840
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1627:1837
1622:1836
1617:1835
1612:1834
1607:1833
1602:1832
1597:1831
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1577:1827
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1527:1817
1522:1816
1517:1815
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1507:1813
1502:1812
1497:1811
1492:1810
1487:1809
1482:1808
1477:1807
1472:1806
1467:1805
1462:1804
1457:1803
1452:1802
1447:1801
1395:1800
1390:1799
1385:1798
1380:1797
1375:1796
1370:1795
1365:1794
1360:1793
1355:1792
1350:1791
1345:1790
1340:1789
1335:1788
1330:1787
1325:1786
1320:1785
1315:1784
1310:1783
1305:1782
1300:1781
1295:1780
1290:1779
1285:1778
1280:1777
1275:1776
1270:1775
1265:1774
1260:1773
1255:1772
1250:1771
1245:1770
1240:1769
1235:1768
1230:1767
1225:1766
1220:1765
1165:1714
1160:1713
1155:1712
1150:1711
1145:1710
1140:1709
1135:1708
1130:1707
1090:1706
1085:1705
1080:1704
1075:1703
1070:1702
1065:1701
1060:1700
1055:1698
1050:1697
1045:1696
1040:1695
1035:1694
1030:1693
1025:1692
1020:1691
1015:1690
1003:1689
998:1688
993:1685
988:1680
976:1679
971:1678
966:1677
961:1675
956:1672
951:1670
946:1667
941:1666
936:1665
931:1664
926:1663
921:1662
916:1661
911:1660
899:1640
887:1627
882:1625
877:1623
872:1620
867:1609
862:1606
857:1605
852:1603
847:1601
842:1597
837:1592
832:1588
827:1586
822:1584
817:1580
812:1575
807:1572
802:1571
797:1566
792:1562
787:1558
782:1557
777:1555
772:1554
767:1553
762:1551
757:1549
752:1548
747:1547
742:1546
737:1545
732:1543
727:1542
722:1541
717:1540
712:1539
707:1536
702:1535
697:1534
692:1533
687:1532
682:1531
677:1530
672:1529
667:1523
662:1515
657:1514
652:1513
647:1512
642:1511
637:1509
632:1503
627:1496
622:1495
617:1491
612:1488
607:1487
602:1485
597:1483
592:1482
587:1477
582:1474
577:1472
572:1468
567:1467
562:1464
557:1463
552:1461
381:ISSN
325:link
291:ISSN
258:2019
96:The
373:doi
350:hdl
283:doi
2798::
387:.
379:.
369:11
367:.
321:}}
317:{{
305:.
297:.
279:32
277:.
249:.
2605:)
445:e
438:t
431:v
395:.
375::
356:.
352::
327:)
313:.
285::
260:.
20:)
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