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537:. More settlers arrived after of the war ended with the defeat of the Native Americans, and by the early 19th century, most of the region's current towns had been established and most of the land had been cleared of trees to make room for farms. Farmers were particularly attracted to the rich soils of the region—one of the few places in New England where tobacco can grown with commercial success. Rugged highlands, such as the Holyoke Range and Mount Tom Range, although unsuitable for farming, were often harvested of timber to produce
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596:. This philosophical, artistic, and environmental movement transformed many areas of the Metacomet Ridge (as well as other places in New England) from a commercial resource to a recreational and aesthetic resource. Hotels, parks, and summer estates were built on the mountains from the mid-1880s to the early 20th century.
755:
crowds narrow ravines, blocking sunlight and creating damp, cooler growing conditions with associated cooler climate plant species. Talus slopes are especially rich in nutrients and support a number of calcium-loving plants uncommon in
Massachusetts. Because the traprock ridges generate such varied
616:
The hotel was closer to the
Connecticut River and therefore more accessible than the hotel on Mount Holyoke, which spurred the owners of the latter establishment to build a rail line and a ferry dock from the river to the base of Mount Holyoke. The hotel burned down in 1901 when Street attempted to
877:
collaborated to successfully preserve a large tract on the east side of the range that was once part of a downhill ski area that closed in 1998. An existing rock quarry, part of the property, was also secured. The efforts were spurred by public outcry following overtures by the former landowner to
644:
for a "Connecticut River
National Recreation Area." Although the project was never realized, it has been followed through in spirit by a number of similar local and national conservation efforts, including an increased effort to acquire land on both ranges for state park expansion, the creation by
825:
in
Holyoke and East Street in Easthampton; only the eastmost lot is open off season. Parking lot access is available off Route 5 and at the south side of Whiting Street Reservoir, as well as off Route 141 in Holyoke by the Log Cabin Restaurant. During on-season months there is a charge to drive a
715:
wore away the weaker sedimentary layers faster than the basalt layers, leaving the abruptly tilted edges of the basalt sheets exposed, creating the distinct linear ridge and dramatic cliff faces visible today. One way to imagine this is to picture a layer cake tilted slightly up with some of the
684:
rock. Basalt is a dark colored rock, but the iron within it weathers to a rusty brown when exposed to the air, lending the ledges a distinct reddish appearance. Basalt frequently breaks into octagonal and pentagonal columns, creating a unique "postpile" appearance. Huge slopes made of fractured
620:
Another hotel, the Mount Tom Hotel, was constructed on the summit of Mount Tom in 1897, but it burned down three years later. Subsequently, rebuilt, it burned again in 1929 and was never rebuilt; in 1902 the property became the first parcel to become the Mount Tom State
Reservation. In 1933 the
564:
Highland areas were also burned of timber when lowland fires, set to clear land for farms, raged out of control. However, by the early 20th century, after agricultural interests shifted west and charcoaling became unprofitable, rural New
England became largely forested again. A 2004 ecological
287:
The Mount Tom Range rises steeply between 500 and 1,100 feet (150 and 340 m) above the
Connecticut River Valley below; it is roughly 4.5 miles (7 km) long by 1.5 miles (2.4 km) wide at its widest point, although the ruggedness of the terrain makes the actual area much larger.
565:
resource study conducted for the
National Park Service suggests that the Metacomet Ridge may have remained more or less forested (cleared only intermittently) throughout New England's agricultural period, thereby allowing the area to retain its biologic diversity through the 20th century.
689:
are visible beneath many of the ledges; they are particularly noticeable beneath Mount Tom, Whiting Peak, and
Deadtop along the Mount Tom State Reservation park road, or along Metacomet-Monadnock Trail on the summit crest gazing down. The basalt ridges are the product of several massive
636:
and later an amusement park on the east side of the range. The project changed hands several times until its closure in 1988 when competition from larger amusement parks gradually sapped business away what had become affectionately known by locals as "The Queen of the
Mountain."
521:
and other vegetables in the Connecticut River floodplain, clearing small sections of forest by burning to make room for their crops. They hunted and fished in the area, and made tools and arrowheads from the basalt rock of the Metacomet Ridge. Tensions between the local
467:, 9 miles (14 km) away by a relatively low-lying area punctuated with occasional rises. The east side of the range drains into the Connecticut River thence to Long Island Sound; the west side drains into the Manhan River, thence to the Connecticut River.
702:
and Africa. These basalt floods of lava happened over a period of 20 million years. Erosion occurring between the eruptions deposited deep layers of sediment between the lava flows, which eventually lithified into
830:
on the gap between East Mountain and Mount Tom and also at the foot of Mount Nonotuck on Underwood Street in Easthampton where the Metacomet-Monadnock Trail descends from the ridge crest of the range.
271:
border. A popular outdoor recreation resource, the range is known for its continuous west facing cliffs and its rugged, scenic character. It is also notable for its unique
1784:
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In 1861, following the success of the hotel on the summit of Mount Holyoke across the river, William Street opened a summit hotel on Mount Nonotuck and named it
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1658:
1950:
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2020:
584:(who, in 1836, famously painted the Connecticut River from sketches he made from the summit of Mount Holyoke), the work of landscape architects such as
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Native American tribe and colonial settlers, who began arriving in the region in the mid-17th century, reached a head in 1675 with the outbreak of
2062:
1378:
501:. Before the mid-19th century, very little history had been recorded about the Mount Tom Range to distinguish it from the surrounding landscape.
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cremate two horses on the mountain and lost control of the fire, leaving only the cellar holes and the walls of the stone understory standing.
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in the 1660s. Thomas supposedly named Mount Tom after himself while his fellow surveyor working on the opposite side of the Connecticut River,
240:
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82:
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ecosystems and rare plant communities, as well as significant historic sites, such as the ruins of the 18th century Eyrie House located on
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649:, and the recent proposal by the National Park Service for the inclusion of the Metacomet-Monadnock Trail in a new National Scenic Trail.
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138:
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530:, a conflict involving colonists and a confederacy of Native American tribes across southern New England under the leadership of the
1943:
1841:
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1200:
739:, a dry-loving species, clings to the barren edges of cliffs. Backslope plant communities tend to be more similar to the adjacent
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1519:
440:
The entire range is sometimes referred to as "Mount Tom". Oriented from south to north, the range is located within the towns of
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A low-profile network of seasonal auto roads and many miles of trails climb the ridgeline, including the 110-mile (180 km)
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1373:
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assisted with the construction of reservation structures and park roads still existent through the turn of the 21st century.
502:
1307:
2514:
2299:
1936:
1836:
1084:
Cronin, William. Changes in the Land: Indians, Colonists, and the Ecology of New England. 2003, Hill and Wang, New York.
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A thorough study of the Metacomet Ridge environment and its species can be found within a report commissioned by the
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becomes an increasingly popular sport in the US, the Mt.Tom's western face serves as launch for flights as far as
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Increasing urbanization and industrialization in 19th century New England resulted in an opposing aesthetic
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A number of trail head parking lots are located within the Mount Tom State Reservation, accessible from
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terrain, they are the home of several plant and animal species that are state-listed or globally rare.
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vehicle into the Mount Tom State Reservation. Metacomet-Monadnock Trail parking is located off
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sell the land to a nearby rock and gravel operation for the expansion of the existing quarry.
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maintained by the Berkshire Chapter of the Appalachian Mountain Club. The range is used for
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527:
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According to popular folklore, Mount Tom (the high point on the range) takes its name from
8:
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2015:
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589:
573:
186:
463:. The Metacomet Ridge is broken to the north; the Mount Tom Range is separated from the
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252:
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752:
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Both the Holyoke Range and the Mount Tom Range were part of a 1966 proposal by the
505:
inhabited the area around the Mount Tom Range for at least 10,000 years; they grew
481:
From "History of the Connecticut Valley, Massachusetts Vol 1" 1879, by Louis Everts
215:
1237:
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The ridge of the Mount Tom Range was formed 200 million years ago during the late
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Bedrock geology. Purple=basalt; surrounding brown & blue-grey=sedimentary rock
35:
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2005:
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1267:
1204:
1186:
1143:
1043:
1018:
905:
867:
708:
464:
248:
27:
881:
Other organizations invested in the conservation of the Mount Tom Range and its
842:; other parcels are managed by conservation non-profit organizations, including
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2319:
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2000:
1967:
1912:
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1928:
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97:
84:
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the high point of range with west-facing cliffs up to 400 feet (120 m)
2458:
2399:
2334:
2155:
1976:
1889:
988:. 9th Edition. The Appalachian Mountain Club. Amherst, Massachusetts, 1999.
732:
720:
633:
432:
272:
1217:"Land Acquisition and Protection Program, Fiscal Year 2002 Annual Report."
771:
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1623:
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1155:
938:
811:
791:
728:
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707:. The resulting "layer cake" of basalt and sedimentary sheets eventually
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291:
207:
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a wooded hill on the southeast side of the range, recently conserved by
2329:
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2165:
783:
740:
1163:
Written in Stone: A Geologic History of the Northeastern United States
2010:
1984:
795:
678:
534:
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flows hundreds of feet deep that welled up in faults created by the
882:
681:
670:
666:
538:
523:
195:
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1037:
Mount Tom: Defining the Landscape of the Connecticut River Valley
712:
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695:
632:
began constructing what would become known as "Mountain Park", a
510:
268:
211:
451:
The Metacomet Ridge continues south from the Mount Tom Range as
1277:
1137:
Monadnock, Metacoment, Mattabesett National Scenic Trail Study.
886:
873:
In 2002, several conservation non-profit organizations and the
838:
Much of the range has been conserved as part of Massachusett's
787:
674:
531:
65:
1242:
846:. In 2000, the Mount Tom Range was included in a study by the
1059:
DeLorme Topo 6.0. Mapping software. DeLorme, Yarmouth, Maine.
686:
556:
542:
514:
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1252:
1247:
1136:
925:
691:
546:
475:
1287:
1072:
Holyoke Centennial Committee, Holyoke, Massachusetts 1973.
894:
657:
1126:
Massachusetts DCR "Connecticut River Greenway State Park"
810:, although there are no lifts in operation. Recently, as
802:
are enjoyed on the park roads. The ridge once hosted the
1012:
Metacomet-Mattabesett Trail Natural Resource Assessment.
1253:
Massachusetts Department of Conservation and Recreation
1659:
Massachusetts Green High Performance Computing Center
716:
frosting (the sedimentary layer) removed in between.
608:
The Mount Tom Summit House. Postcard dated 1898–1900.
1219:
Massachusetts Department of Environmental Management
818:
area. There are no camping facilities on the range.
1198:
U.S. Congress New England National Scenic Trail Act
673:periods and is composed of traprock, also known as
1260:New England National Scenic Trail Designation Act.
759:The Mount Tom Range is also an important seasonal
40:The range's peaks depicted in an 1865 painting by
599:
2486:
1273:NPS brochure for National Scenic Trail proposal.
735:and a variety of understory grasses and ferns.
572:movement characterized by the paintings of the
1958:
916:List of subranges of the Appalachian Mountains
489:, a surveyor who worked for the settlement of
16:Traprock mountain range in Massachusetts, U.S.
1944:
1308:
2500:Civilian Conservation Corps in Massachusetts
806:, now closed; the trails are still used for
1165:. Globe Pequot, Chester, Connecticut, 1989.
719:The Mount Tom Range hosts a combination of
2525:Landforms of Hampden County, Massachusetts
1951:
1937:
1315:
1301:
948:
936:
652:
1021:" 2004. PDF file cited November 1, 2007.
980:
978:
976:
974:
743:plateau containing species common to the
645:the Commonwealth of Massachusetts of the
1116:Defunctparks.com cited December 21, 2007
1080:
1078:
949:
937:
770:
656:
603:
588:, and the writings of philosophers like
555:
474:
431:
380:location of raptor observation platform
290:
1180:New England National Scenic Trail Study
576:of American landscape painters such as
409:location of historic Eyrie House ruins
145:
122:4.5 mi (7.2 km) east-west
2487:
971:
295:Topographic map of the Mount Tom Range
1932:
1503:Providence Behavioral Health Hospital
1296:
1101:Mt. Holyoke Range Historical Timeline
1075:
647:Connecticut River Greenway State Park
1031:
1029:
1027:
1006:
1004:
1002:
1000:
998:
996:
994:
545:industry prior to the extraction of
1094:
1092:
1090:
986:The Metacomet-Monadnock Trail Guide
541:, a primary source of fuel for the
13:
1350:Holyoke Saint Patrick's Day Parade
1050:. Website cited November 28, 2007.
14:
2536:
1226:
1024:
991:
856:New England National Scenic Trail
2510:Mountain ranges of Massachusetts
1562:
1324:
1087:
727:. Dry, hot upper ridges support
436:Mount Tom Range from Easthampton
144:
137:
34:
1609:Dinosaur Footprints Reservation
1238:Mount Tom State Reservation map
1210:
1191:
1168:
1149:
1130:
833:
2505:Metacomet Ridge, Massachusetts
1119:
1107:
1062:
1053:
895:Pascommuck Conservation Trust.
711:and tilted upward. Subsequent
630:Holyoke Street Railway Company
600:Early tourism and conservation
1:
1744:Gas & Electric (HG&E)
1288:Pascommuck Conservation Trust
964:
875:Commonwealth of Massachusetts
850:for the designation of a new
766:
1604:Children's Museum at Holyoke
1243:The Trustees of Reservations
1048:The Trustees of Reservations
844:The Trustees of Reservations
698:apart of North America from
425:The Trustees of Reservations
282:
7:
1629:Holyoke Heritage State Park
899:
854:now tentatively called the
840:Mount Tom State Reservation
623:Civilian Conservation Corps
10:
2541:
2515:Volcanism of Massachusetts
1960:Mountains of Massachusetts
858:, which would include the
560:Ruins of Eyrie House, 2003
491:Springfield, Massachusetts
479:View from Mount Nonotuck.
470:
70:1,202 ft (366 m)
44:(1839–1891), oil on canvas
2416:
2398:
2250:
2232:
2209:
2096:
2048:
1993:
1975:
1966:
1898:
1865:
1762:
1719:
1634:Holyoke Mall at Ingleside
1571:
1560:
1508:Soldiers' Home in Holyoke
1466:Holyoke Community College
1337:
1248:Appalachian Mountain Club
1233:Metacomet-Monadnock Trail
1010:Farnsworth, ElizabethJ. "
911:Metacomet-Monadnock Trail
862:in Massachusetts and the
860:Metacomet-Monadnock Trail
780:Metacomet-Monadnock Trail
314:
311:
308:
301:
201:
185:
180:
172:
164:
131:
126:
118:
113:
74:
64:
54:
49:
33:
26:
21:
2520:Geology of Massachusetts
1711:Whiting Street Reservoir
1104:Cited November 20, 2007.
261:Connecticut River Valley
233:Connecticut River Valley
1880:Volleyball Hall of Fame
1579:Volleyball Hall of Fame
1146:Cited November 4, 2007.
1114:"Queen of the Mountain"
870:trails in Connecticut.
653:Geology and environment
312:Height above sea level
1639:Holyoke Merry-Go-Round
1588:Anniversary Hill Park
1498:Holyoke Medical Center
1362:Holyoke Civic Symphony
1331:Holyoke, Massachusetts
1207:Cited December 1, 2007
957:
945:
775:
662:
609:
561:
482:
437:
296:
257:New Haven, Connecticut
1802:Hadley Falls District
1176:National Park Service
1070:The Story of Holyoke.
953:
941:
852:National Scenic Trail
848:National Park Service
774:
731:, often dominated by
660:
642:National Park Service
607:
586:Frederick Law Olmsted
578:Frederic Edwin Church
559:
478:
435:
294:
231:range located in the
98:42.24167°N 72.64806°W
42:Thomas Charles Farrer
2370:Saddle Ball Mountain
2181:Pine Cobble Mountain
1875:Origin of volleyball
1619:Holyoke Canal System
1283:The Valley Land Fund
891:The Valley Land Fund
800:cross-country skiing
455:and east across the
259:, north through the
2429:Little Tom Mountain
2176:Northfield Mountain
2016:Massaemett Mountain
1908:Greater Springfield
594:Ralph Waldo Emerson
590:Henry David Thoreau
574:Hudson River School
497:, gave his name to
103:42.24167; -72.64806
94: /
2242:Sugarloaf Mountain
2201:Sugarloaf Mountain
2031:Pocumtuck Mountain
1679:Mount Tom Ski Area
1644:Land of Providence
1266:2016-07-04 at the
1203:2016-07-04 at the
1185:2007-08-07 at the
1142:2007-10-08 at the
1042:2007-10-17 at the
1017:2007-08-07 at the
958:
946:
808:backcountry skiing
804:Mount Tom Ski Area
776:
749:oak-hickory forest
663:
610:
562:
483:
438:
297:
251:that extends from
50:Highest point
2482:
2481:
2252:Taconic Mountains
2161:Stratton Mountain
2044:
2043:
2021:Monument Mountain
1926:
1925:
1785:North High Street
1754:Water Works (HWW)
1654:Mackenzie Stadium
1379:African-Americans
1278:The Kestrel Trust
1160:Raymo, Maureen E.
962:
961:
887:The Kestrel Trust
864:Mattabesett Trail
745:northern hardwood
737:Eastern red cedar
570:transcendentalist
528:King Philip's War
457:Connecticut River
430:
429:
414:Little Mount Tom
253:Long Island Sound
229:traprock mountain
221:
220:
2532:
2469:Waitt's Mountain
2260:Alander Mountain
2151:Mount Norwottuck
2078:Mount Norwottuck
1973:
1972:
1953:
1946:
1939:
1930:
1929:
1820:Homestead Avenue
1599:Ashley Reservoir
1566:
1329:
1328:
1327:
1317:
1310:
1303:
1294:
1293:
1220:
1214:
1208:
1195:
1189:
1172:
1166:
1153:
1147:
1134:
1128:
1123:
1117:
1111:
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1096:
1085:
1082:
1073:
1066:
1060:
1057:
1051:
1033:
1022:
1008:
989:
982:
926:
763:migration path.
705:sedimentary rock
551:mid-Appalachians
503:Native Americans
299:
298:
247:and part of the
148:
147:
141:
109:
108:
106:
105:
104:
99:
95:
92:
91:
90:
87:
38:
19:
18:
2540:
2539:
2535:
2534:
2533:
2531:
2530:
2529:
2495:Mount Tom Range
2485:
2484:
2483:
2478:
2449:Peaked Mountain
2444:Mount Wachusett
2434:Mount Jefferson
2424:Great Blue Hill
2412:
2394:
2375:Shaker Mountain
2365:Rounds Mountain
2355:Potter Mountain
2300:Misery Mountain
2295:Honwee Mountain
2280:Brodie Mountain
2265:Berlin Mountain
2246:
2234:Pocumtuck Range
2228:
2211:Mount Tom Range
2205:
2186:Provin Mountain
2131:Mount Hitchcock
2098:Metacomet Ridge
2092:
2068:Mount Hitchcock
2040:
2026:Mount Institute
2006:Borden Mountain
1989:
1962:
1957:
1927:
1922:
1894:
1885:Valley Blue Sox
1861:
1758:
1715:
1706:Victory Theater
1696:Springdale Park
1664:Mount Tom Range
1567:
1558:
1488:Global outreach
1333:
1325:
1323:
1321:
1268:Wayback Machine
1229:
1224:
1223:
1215:
1211:
1205:Wayback Machine
1196:
1192:
1187:Wayback Machine
1178:as part of its
1173:
1169:
1154:
1150:
1144:Wayback Machine
1135:
1131:
1124:
1120:
1112:
1108:
1097:
1088:
1083:
1076:
1068:Harper, Wyatt.
1067:
1063:
1058:
1054:
1044:Wayback Machine
1034:
1025:
1019:Wayback Machine
1009:
992:
983:
972:
967:
921:Nearby summits:
906:Metacomet Ridge
902:
868:Metacomet Trail
836:
769:
753:Eastern hemlock
655:
602:
480:
473:
465:Pocumtuck Ridge
304:
285:
249:Metacomet Ridge
225:Mount Tom Range
160:
159:
158:
157:
156:
155:
154:
153:
152:Mount Tom Range
149:
102:
100:
96:
93:
88:
85:
83:
81:
80:
45:
28:Metacomet Ridge
22:Mount Tom Range
17:
12:
11:
5:
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2527:
2522:
2517:
2512:
2507:
2502:
2497:
2480:
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2477:
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2471:
2466:
2464:Tully Mountain
2461:
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2436:
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2426:
2420:
2418:
2414:
2413:
2411:
2410:
2404:
2402:
2396:
2395:
2393:
2392:
2387:
2385:Tower Mountain
2382:
2380:Smith Mountain
2377:
2372:
2367:
2362:
2360:Round Mountain
2357:
2352:
2350:Poppy Mountain
2347:
2342:
2340:Mount Williams
2337:
2332:
2327:
2325:Mount Greylock
2322:
2320:Mount Frissell
2317:
2312:
2307:
2302:
2297:
2292:
2287:
2282:
2277:
2275:Berry Mountain
2272:
2267:
2262:
2256:
2254:
2248:
2247:
2245:
2244:
2238:
2236:
2230:
2229:
2227:
2226:
2221:
2219:Mount Nonotuck
2215:
2213:
2207:
2206:
2204:
2203:
2198:
2193:
2191:Round Mountain
2188:
2183:
2178:
2173:
2168:
2163:
2158:
2153:
2148:
2146:Mount Nonotuck
2143:
2138:
2133:
2128:
2123:
2118:
2113:
2108:
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2100:
2094:
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2085:
2083:Round Mountain
2080:
2075:
2070:
2065:
2060:
2054:
2052:
2046:
2045:
2042:
2041:
2039:
2038:
2036:Tekoa Mountain
2033:
2028:
2023:
2018:
2013:
2008:
2003:
2001:Bakke Mountain
1997:
1995:
1991:
1990:
1988:
1987:
1981:
1979:
1970:
1968:The Berkshires
1964:
1963:
1956:
1955:
1948:
1941:
1933:
1924:
1923:
1921:
1920:
1915:
1913:Pioneer Valley
1910:
1905:
1903:Hampden County
1899:
1896:
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1892:
1887:
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1871:
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1714:
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1674:Mount Nonotuck
1671:
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1554:
1547:Transportation
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1527:
1522:
1512:
1511:
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1505:
1500:
1490:
1485:
1480:
1479:
1478:
1476:Public Schools
1473:
1468:
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1258:U.S. Congress
1255:
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1228:
1227:External links
1225:
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933:
930:
924:
923:
918:
913:
908:
901:
898:
835:
832:
768:
765:
751:forest types.
654:
651:
601:
598:
495:Elizur Holyoke
487:Rowland Thomas
472:
469:
428:
427:
421:
418:
415:
411:
410:
407:
404:
401:
399:Mount Nonotuck
395:
394:
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389:
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382:
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375:
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368:
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359:
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335:
332:
325:
324:
321:
317:
316:
313:
310:
306:
305:
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284:
281:
277:Mount Nonotuck
267:to nearly the
219:
218:
205:
199:
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189:
183:
182:
178:
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174:
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52:
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47:
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39:
31:
30:
24:
23:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2537:
2526:
2523:
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2518:
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2503:
2501:
2498:
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2475:
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2450:
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2440:
2437:
2435:
2432:
2430:
2427:
2425:
2422:
2421:
2419:
2415:
2409:
2408:Mount Watatic
2406:
2405:
2403:
2401:
2397:
2391:
2388:
2386:
2383:
2381:
2378:
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2373:
2371:
2368:
2366:
2363:
2361:
2358:
2356:
2353:
2351:
2348:
2346:
2345:Pine Mountain
2343:
2341:
2338:
2336:
2333:
2331:
2328:
2326:
2323:
2321:
2318:
2316:
2313:
2311:
2308:
2306:
2305:Mount Everett
2303:
2301:
2298:
2296:
2293:
2291:
2288:
2286:
2285:Doll Mountain
2283:
2281:
2278:
2276:
2273:
2271:
2268:
2266:
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2258:
2257:
2255:
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2249:
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2240:
2239:
2237:
2235:
2231:
2225:
2222:
2220:
2217:
2216:
2214:
2212:
2208:
2202:
2199:
2197:
2196:Seven Sisters
2194:
2192:
2189:
2187:
2184:
2182:
2179:
2177:
2174:
2172:
2169:
2167:
2164:
2162:
2159:
2157:
2154:
2152:
2149:
2147:
2144:
2142:
2141:Mount Lincoln
2139:
2137:
2136:Mount Holyoke
2134:
2132:
2129:
2127:
2124:
2122:
2121:Farley Ledges
2119:
2117:
2116:East Mountain
2114:
2112:
2111:Crag Mountain
2109:
2107:
2106:Bare Mountain
2104:
2103:
2101:
2099:
2095:
2089:
2088:Seven Sisters
2086:
2084:
2081:
2079:
2076:
2074:
2073:Mount Holyoke
2071:
2069:
2066:
2064:
2063:Long Mountain
2061:
2059:
2058:Bare Mountain
2056:
2055:
2053:
2051:
2050:Holyoke Range
2047:
2037:
2034:
2032:
2029:
2027:
2024:
2022:
2019:
2017:
2014:
2012:
2009:
2007:
2004:
2002:
1999:
1998:
1996:
1992:
1986:
1983:
1982:
1980:
1978:
1974:
1971:
1969:
1965:
1961:
1954:
1949:
1947:
1942:
1940:
1935:
1934:
1931:
1919:
1918:Massachusetts
1916:
1914:
1911:
1909:
1906:
1904:
1901:
1900:
1897:
1891:
1888:
1886:
1883:
1881:
1878:
1876:
1873:
1872:
1870:
1868:
1864:
1858:
1857:Whiting Farms
1855:
1853:
1850:
1848:
1847:South Holyoke
1845:
1843:
1842:Smith's Ferry
1840:
1838:
1835:
1833:
1830:
1828:Jarvis Avenue
1827:
1825:
1822:
1819:
1815:
1814:Highland Park
1812:
1811:
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1807:
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1800:
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1765:
1764:Neighborhoods
1761:
1755:
1752:
1750:
1749:Housing (HHA)
1747:
1745:
1742:
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1737:
1735:
1732:
1730:
1727:
1726:
1724:
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1718:
1712:
1709:
1707:
1704:
1702:
1701:Veterans Park
1699:
1697:
1694:
1692:
1689:
1685:
1684:Mountain Park
1682:
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1672:
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1649:Log Pond Cove
1647:
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1642:
1640:
1637:
1635:
1632:
1630:
1627:
1625:
1622:
1620:
1617:
1615:
1614:East Mountain
1612:
1610:
1607:
1605:
1602:
1600:
1597:
1593:
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1589:
1587:
1585:
1584:Wistariahurst
1582:
1580:
1577:
1576:
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1565:
1553:
1552:Train station
1550:
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1444:Puerto Ricans
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1345:Annual events
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1234:
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1213:
1206:
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1199:
1194:
1188:
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1171:
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1127:
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1115:
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1005:
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987:
981:
979:
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975:
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956:
955:Holyoke Range
952:
944:
943:East Mountain
940:
935:
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773:
764:
762:
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750:
746:
742:
738:
734:
730:
726:
722:
721:microclimates
717:
714:
710:
706:
701:
697:
693:
688:
683:
680:
676:
672:
668:
659:
650:
648:
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631:
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579:
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548:
544:
540:
536:
533:
529:
525:
520:
516:
512:
508:
504:
500:
499:Mount Holyoke
496:
492:
488:
477:
468:
466:
462:
461:Holyoke Range
458:
454:
453:East Mountain
449:
447:
443:
434:
426:
422:
419:
416:
413:
412:
408:
405:
402:
400:
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396:
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390:
387:
384:
383:
379:
376:
373:
370:
369:
366:
363:
360:
358:Whiting Peak
357:
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350:
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344:
343:
339:
336:
333:
330:
327:
326:
322:
319:
318:
307:
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289:
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278:
274:
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265:Massachusetts
262:
258:
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250:
246:
242:
238:
237:Massachusetts
234:
230:
226:
217:
213:
209:
206:
204:
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193:
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188:
184:
179:
176:Massachusetts
175:
171:
168:United States
167:
163:
140:
130:
125:
121:
117:
112:
107:
79:
77:
73:
69:
67:
63:
60:
57:
53:
48:
43:
37:
32:
29:
25:
20:
2459:Scorton Hill
2439:Mount Pisgah
2400:Wapack Range
2335:Mount Raimer
2210:
2156:Mount Orient
1977:Hoosac Range
1890:Valley Arena
1780:Essex Street
1729:City council
1691:Pulaski Park
1663:
1374:Demographics
1369:Bibliography
1259:
1212:
1193:
1170:
1162:
1151:
1132:
1121:
1109:
1100:
1069:
1064:
1055:
985:
920:
880:
872:
837:
834:Conservation
820:
777:
758:
733:chestnut oak
729:oak savannas
718:
664:
639:
634:trolley park
628:In 1897 the
627:
619:
614:Eyrie House.
613:
611:
567:
563:
484:
450:
439:
286:
273:microclimate
245:Appalachians
224:
222:
203:Type of rock
2310:Mount Fitch
2126:Mount Grace
1837:Rock Valley
1624:Holyoke Dam
1592:Scott Tower
1572:Attractions
1156:Raymo, Chet
812:paragliding
792:snowshoeing
725:New England
723:unusual in
582:Thomas Cole
442:Easthampton
216:sedimentary
208:fault-block
187:Age of rock
101: /
76:Coordinates
2489:Categories
2474:White Hill
2390:White Rock
2330:Mount Race
2315:Mount Fray
2290:Holy Mount
2270:Berry Hill
2166:Mount Toby
1852:Springdale
1721:Government
1493:Healthcare
1394:Dominicans
1389:Colombians
965:References
932:East >
893:, and the
784:picnicking
767:Recreation
669:and early
385:Dry Knoll
371:Goat Peak
239:. It is a
114:Dimensions
89:72°38′53″W
86:42°14′30″N
2454:Pine Hill
2224:Mount Tom
2171:Mount Tom
2011:Crum Hill
1985:Crum Hill
1824:Ingleside
1809:Highlands
1797:The Flats
1776:Downtown
1772:Churchill
1734:City Hall
1669:Mount Tom
1483:Geography
1461:Education
828:Route 141
816:Worcester
796:Bicycling
741:Berkshire
679:extrusive
535:Metacomet
331:(summit)
329:Mount Tom
283:Geography
127:Geography
66:Elevation
59:Mount Tom
1542:Politics
1525:Timeline
1434:Mexicans
1424:Italians
1264:Archived
1201:Archived
1183:Archived
1140:Archived
1040:Archived
1015:Archived
900:See also
885:include
883:viewshed
682:volcanic
671:Jurassic
667:Triassic
539:charcoal
524:Pocumtuc
345:Deadtop
241:subrange
196:Jurassic
192:Triassic
1832:Oakdale
1792:Elmwood
1515:History
1471:Library
1456:Economy
1409:Germans
1399:English
1384:Chinese
1357:Culture
929:↓ South
823:Route 5
713:erosion
709:faulted
700:Eurasia
696:rifting
685:basalt
549:in the
511:tobacco
471:History
459:as the
446:Holyoke
269:Vermont
243:of the
212:igneous
181:Geology
165:Country
2417:Others
1994:Others
1867:Sports
1537:People
1414:Greeks
1404:French
1338:Topics
790:, and
788:hiking
761:raptor
675:basalt
532:sachem
519:squash
361:1,014
348:1,115
334:1,202
315:Notes
119:Length
1739:Mayor
1532:Media
1520:Mills
1449:Scots
1439:Poles
1419:Irish
687:talus
677:, an
543:steel
515:beans
507:maize
309:Name
303:Peaks
255:near
227:is a
173:State
1429:Jews
1158:and
866:and
798:and
747:and
692:lava
592:and
580:and
547:coal
444:and
420:192
417:631
406:252
403:827
391:255
388:835
377:251
374:822
364:309
351:340
337:366
223:The
214:and
194:and
55:Peak
320:ft
263:of
235:of
2491::
1089:^
1077:^
1046:"
1026:^
993:^
973:^
889:,
794:.
786:,
553:.
517:,
513:,
509:,
448:.
323:m
279:.
210:,
1952:e
1945:t
1938:v
1316:e
1309:t
1302:v
1098:*
1035:"
984:*
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