2379:– advantage" over Motorola's own products. In 1987, the company introduced the Edge 1000 range of "32-bit superminicomputers implementing the Motorola instruction set in the Edge mainframe architecture", employing two independent pipelines - an instruction fetch pipeline (IFP) and operand executive pipeline (OEP) - relying on a branch prediction unit featuring a 4096-entry branch cache, retrieving instructions and operands over multiple buses. An agreement between Edge Computer and Olivetti subsequently led to the latter introducing products in its own "Linea Duo" range based on Edge Computer's machines. The company was subsequently renamed to Edgcore Technology Inc. (also reported as Edgecore Technology Inc.). Edgcore's deal with
2288:
improved exception handling in the FPU, used a smaller feature size and optimized the microcode in line with program use of instructions. Many of these optimizations were included with the 68060 and were part of its design goals. For any number of reasons, likely that the 68060 was in development, that the Intel 80486 was not progressing as quickly as
Motorola assumed it would, and that 68060 was a demanding project, the 68050 was cancelled early in development.
1258:
2445:, aiming to compete with Intel's P6 products. Ultimately, IMS entered bankruptcy having sold patents to a litigator, TechSearch, who in 1998 attempted to sue Intel for infringement of an IMS patent. TechSearch reportedly lost their case but sought to appeal, also seeking to sue Intel for "libel and slander" on the basis of comments made by an Intel representative who had characterised TechSearch's business model unfavourably in remarks to the press.
2223:
1470:
8150 DVE system, used the 680EC30, and the Play
Trinity, later renamed Globecaster, uses several 68030s. The Bosch FGS-4000/4500 Video Graphics System manufactured by Robert Bosch Corporation, later BTS (1983), used a 68000 as its main processor; it drove several others to perform 3D animation in a computer that could easily apply Gouraud and Phong shading. It ran a modified
2208:, decremented the low word of a D-register and, if the result was not -1 ($ FFFF), branched to a destination. This use of −1 instead of 0 as the terminating value allowed the easy coding of loops that had to do nothing if the count was 0 to start with, with no need for another check before entering the loop. This also facilitated nesting of DBcc.
2441:, in 1994, IMS had reportedly filed a patent on its emulation technology but had not found any licensees. Repeated delays to the introduction of this product, blamed on one occasion on "a need to improve the chip's speech-processing capabilities", apparently led to the company seeking to introduce another chip, the
2287:
There was no 68050, though at one point it was a project within
Motorola. Odd-numbered releases had always been reactions to issues raised within the prior even numbered part; hence, it was generally expected that the 68050 would have reduced the 68040's power consumption (and thus heat dissipation),
1906:
In addition, it has a 16-bit status register. The upper 8 bits is the system byte, and modification of it is privileged. The lower 8 bits is the user byte, also known as the condition code register (CCR), and modification of it is not privileged. The 68000 comparison, arithmetic, and logic operations
1415:
Today, these systems are either end-of-line (in the case of the Atari), or are using different processors (in the case of
Macintosh, Amiga, Sun, and SGI). Since these platforms had their peak market share in the 1980s, their original manufacturers either no longer support an operating system for this
2283:
Motorola mainly used even numbers for major revisions to the CPU core such as 68000, 68020, 68040 and 68060. The 68010 was a revised version of the 68000 with minor modifications to the core, and likewise the 68030 was a revised 68020 with some more powerful features, none of them significant enough
2017:
added some new instructions that include some minor improvements and extensions to the supervisor state, several instructions for software management of a multiprocessing system (which were removed in the 68060), some support for high-level languages which did not get used much (and was removed from
1407:
imagesetters, the 200PS (1500+ dpi) and 300PS (2500+ dpi). Thereafter, Adobe generally preferred a RISC for its processor, as its competitors, with their PostScript clones, had already gone with RISCs, often an AMD 29000-series. The early 68000-based Adobe PostScript interpreters and their
1469:
series of early based 24-bit paint and effects system was originally released in 1981 and during its lifetime it used nearly the entire range of 68000 family processors, with the sole exception of the 68060, which was never implemented in its design. Another contender in the video arena, the Abekas
2200:
Branch: Bcc (where the "cc" specified one of 14 tests of the condition codes in the status register: equal, greater than, less-than, carry, and most combinations and logical inversions, available from the status register). Of the remaining two possible conditions, always true and always false, BRA
1891:
than those of many processors that came before (e.g., 8080) and after (e.g., x86). That is, it was typically possible to combine operations freely with operands, rather than being restricted to using certain addressing modes with certain instructions. This property made programming relatively easy
2398:
Edge
Computer reportedly had an agreement with Motorola. Despite increasing competition from RISC products, Edgcore sought to distinguish its products in the market by emphasising its "alliance" with Motorola, employing a marketing campaign drawing from Aesop's fables with "the fox (Edgecore) who
1464:
Many proprietary video editing systems used 68000 processors, such as the MacroSystem
Casablanca, which was a black box with an easy to use graphic interface (1997). It was intended for the amateur and hobby videographer market. It is also worth noting its earlier, bigger and more professional
1402:
and LaserWriter Plus was clocked faster than the version used then in
Macintosh computers. A fast 68030 in later PostScript interpreters, including the standard resolution LaserWriter IIntx, IIf and IIg (also 300 dpi), the higher resolution LaserWriter Pro 600 series (usually 600 dpi, but
1446:
included a 68000 which was intended for basic system control and input processing, but due to the Jaguar's unusual assortment of heterogeneous processors was also frequently used for running game logic. Many arcade boards also used 68000 processors including boards from Capcom, SNK, and Sega.
1907:
modify condition codes to record their results for use by later conditional jumps. The condition code bits are "zero" (Z), "carry" (C), "overflow" (V), "extend" (X), and "negative" (N). The "extend" (X) flag deserves special mention, because it is separate from the
2599:. Some are microcontrollers which are much simpler, smaller, and cheaper than the 68000, while others are relatively sophisticated and can run complex software. Embedded versions of the 68000 often compete with processor architectures based on
2407:. announced the acquisition of Edgcore in July 1989. Arix was reportedly able to renew its deal with Hitachi in 1990, whereas the future of previous deals with Olivetti and Philips remained in some doubt after the acquisition of Edgcore.
2171:
in memory or data register: BSET (set to 1), BCLR (clear to 0), BCHG (invert) and BTST (no change). All of these instructions first test the destination bit and set (clear) the CCR Z bit if the destination bit is 0 (1),
2552:
line, but it was not nearly as widely used as its predecessors, since much of the old 68000 marketplace was either defunct or nearly so (as was the case with Atari and NeXT), or converting to newer architectures
2148:
Arithmetic: ADD, SUB, MULU (unsigned multiply), MULS (signed multiply), DIVU, DIVS, NEG (additive negation), and CMP (a comparison done by subtracting the arguments without storing the result, setting the status
1883:
usually feel comfortable with the 68000 series. With the exception of the split of general-purpose registers into specialized data and address registers, the 68000 architecture is in many ways a 32-bit PDP-11.
2384:
3673:
2403:
were employed. With the company's investors having declined to finance the company further, and with a number of companies having been involved in discussions with other parties,
2375:, reportedly founded by former Honeywell designers, produced processors compatible with the 68000 series, these being claimed as having "a three to five times performance – and
2060:
For (A0)+ and −(A0), the actual increment or decrement value is dependent on the operand size: a byte access adjusts the address register by 1, a word by 2, and a long by 4.
2411:
2303:
business, so the 68070 was never developed. Had it been, it would have been a revised 68060, likely with a superior FPU (pipelining was widely speculated upon on Usenet).
2168:
3666:
3237:
2018:
future 680x0 processors), bigger multiply (32×32→64 bits) and divide (64÷32→32 bits quotient and 32 bits remainder) instructions, and bit field manipulations.
3068:
2372:
2387:
to supply the E2000 processor, this supporting the 68030 instruction set and reportedly offering a performance rating of 16 VAX MIPS. Similar deals with
3659:
1391:
instead. Many system specific ports of CP/M-68K were available, for example, TriSoft offered a port of the CP/M-68K for the Tandy Model 16/16B/6000.
2981:
2912:
2135:
Most instructions have dot-letter suffixes, permitting operations to occur on 8-bit bytes (".b"), 16-bit words (".w"), and 32-bit longs (".l").
1915:
583:
Larger multiply (32×32 -> 64 bits) and divide (64÷32 -> 32 bits quotient and 32 bits remainder) instructions, and bit field manipulations
2863:
2845:
2399:
climbs on the back of the stallion (Motorola) to pluck fruit off the higher branches of the tree". Other folktale advertising themes such as
1918:
due to the single instruction 'MOVE from SR', which copies the status register to another register, being unprivileged but sensitive. In the
3641:
1911:. This permits the extra bit from arithmetic, logic, and shift operations to be separated from the carry for flow-of-control and linkage.
3182:
2404:
2201:(branch always) has a separate mnemonic, and BSR (branch to subroutine) takes the encoding that would otherwise have been 'branch never'.
2442:
3021:
2418:, that could reportedly emulate the "Intel 486 or Motorola 68040 at full native speeds and at a fraction of their cost". Clocked at
3130:
312:. Although no modern desktop computers are based on processors in the 680x0 series, derivative processors are still widely used in
301:
2484:
4219:
2337:
provided equivalent functionality (though not instruction-set-architecture compatibility) to most of the features of the Intel
2244:
2197:, i.e. an interrupt), TRAP (trigger a software exception similar to software interrupt), CHK (a conditional software exception)
4062:
3535:
3401:
3322:
3293:
3267:
2357:
3572:
3114:
2687:
2270:
2144:, that is, the operation has a source, and a destination, and the destination is changed. Notable instructions were:
3245:
2433:
68040, including floating-point unit support, with the product aiming for mid-1993 production at a per-unit cost of
2252:
3103:
2189:
Flow of control: JMP (jump), JSR (jump to subroutine), BSR (relative address jump to subroutine), RTS (return from
167:
86:
3695:
2510:
During the 1980s and early 1990s, when the 68000 was widely used in desktop computers, it mainly competed against
2310:
designation, which was a licensed and somewhat slower version of the 16/32-bit 68000 with a basic DMA controller,
2248:
2204:
Decrement-and-branch: DBcc (where "cc" was as for the branch instructions), which, provided the condition was
2476:
3208:
2165:, i.e. sign-extend the most-significant bit) ASR, ASL, (rotates through eXtend and not) ROXL, ROXR, ROL, ROR
4229:
3156:
30:
This article is about the family of microprocessors. For the first such microprocessor in that family, see
17:
1360:
239:
3651:
3562:
3081:"Implementation of IBM System 370 Via Co-Microprocessors/The Co-Processor... - IPCOM000059679D - IP.com"
2452:
and embedded microprocessor versions. These chips include the ones listed under "other" above, i.e. the
1888:
3375:
2992:
2923:
4234:
4224:
3508:
93:
3428:
3349:
2068:
Relative 16-bit signed offset, e.g. 16(PC). This mode was very useful for position-independent code.
2233:
1387:
called CP/M-68K, which was initially proposed to be the Atari ST operating system, but Atari chose
570:
298:
2797:
4035:
2237:
2183:
2129:
698:
657:
591:
3944:
2546:
2400:
2338:
1900:
736:
615:
2448:
After the mainline 68000 processors' demise, the 68000 family has been used to some extent in
1453:
derived from the 68000 family have been used in a huge variety of applications. For example,
550:
81:
3830:
3721:
3682:
3055:
2469:
2152:
1976:
817:
758:
557:
493:
428:
3564:
Steal This Idea: Intellectual
Property Rights and the Corporate Confiscation of Creativity
3455:
2383:
in 1987 to supply the company's E1000 processor was followed in 1989 by another deal with
1461:
microcontrollers have been manufactured in the millions as automotive engine controllers.
8:
3029:
1304:
However, the 680x0 CPU family became most well known as the processors powering advanced
1269:
The 680x0 line of processors has been used in a variety of systems, from modern high-end
741:
650:
2125:
587:
3882:
3877:
3825:
3482:
2590:
2461:
2161:
Shifting: (logical, i.e. right shifts put zero in the most-significant bit) LSL, LSR, (
2055:
Register indirect with index register and 8-bit signed offset e.g. 8(A0,D0) or 8(A0,A1)
2000:
1972:
1896:
1458:
1352:
1309:
1294:
488:
115:
3934:
3711:
3568:
3110:
2649:
2608:
2574:
2519:
2493:
used a subset of the 68000's instructions as a base for the virtual machine in their
2438:
1942:
1435:
1270:
959:
375:
283:
175:
1376:
1344:, and several others. The 680x0 were also the processors of choice in the 1980s for
3872:
3867:
3862:
3857:
3852:
2604:
2578:
2570:
2523:
2490:
2437:. Amidst the apparent proliferation of emulation support in processors such as the
2388:
2162:
1962:
1466:
1380:
1329:
1305:
1290:
689:
444:
439:
420:
410:
380:
370:
359:
355:
322:
ceased development of the 680x0 series architecture in 1994, replacing it with the
271:
164:
56:
2749:
2701:
4137:
4121:
4116:
4111:
4094:
4089:
3840:
3767:
3762:
3757:
3752:
3747:
2952:
2881:
2821:
2773:
2725:
2663:
2596:
2494:
2457:
2449:
2175:
2118:
2022:
1951:
1926:
1450:
1403:
limited to 300 dpi with minimum RAM installed) and the very high resolution
1356:
577:
478:
351:
313:
235:
98:
1922:
and later, this was made privileged, to better support virtualization software.
190:
microprocessors. They were best known as the processors used in the early Apple
4153:
4104:
3958:
3953:
3929:
3917:
3820:
3815:
3810:
3805:
3800:
3795:
3790:
3785:
2558:
2365:
2014:
1919:
1899:(D0-D7), and eight address registers (A0-A7). The last address register is the
1341:
1313:
1221:
1188:
1160:
1130:
1094:
1062:
1052:
1023:
1014:
985:
948:
938:
933:
915:
902:
884:
871:
845:
810:
778:
751:
673:
632:
619:
600:
542:
535:
514:
468:
463:
458:
434:
415:
405:
395:
390:
385:
365:
334:
267:
191:
171:
31:
2079:
Either a number, e.g. "$ 4000", or a symbolic name translated by the assembler
4213:
4081:
4025:
4010:
3734:
3729:
1853:
1298:
498:
309:
255:
2479:
technology an international team of hardware developers have re-created the
2314:
host and an on-chip serial port. This 68070 was used as the main CPU in the
1892:
for humans, and also made it easier to write code generators for compilers.
1394:
Also, and perhaps most significantly, the first several versions of Adobe's
4189:
4099:
4005:
3996:
3986:
3977:
3740:
3080:
2628:
2179:
2111:
e.g. moveq #0,d0 was quicker than clr.l d0 (though both made D0 equal to 0)
1443:
1428:
1337:
1262:
725:
338:
227:
219:
215:
211:
3681:
3647:
A quite an extensive list of operating systems supporting 680x0 processors
3991:
3982:
3920:
3268:"Edgcore Wins $ 20M Philips Contract, Four-Year Agreement for E2000 CPUs"
2534:
2083:
1439:
1399:
1348:
1321:
452:
263:
203:
179:
2140:
1257:
4184:
4015:
4001:
2530:
2526:
2190:
2105:
3-bit unsigned (or 8-bit signed with moveq) with value stored in opcode
1988:
1982:
1936:
1908:
1858:
1404:
1395:
1333:
1286:
1282:
294:
105:
3646:
3183:"Olivetti to Launch Models of the Edge Computer Machines as Linea Duo"
2421:
2361:
2295:, as Motorola was in the process of shifting away from the 68000 and
2194:
1995:
1848:
1843:
1388:
563:
275:
231:
4174:
3157:"Edge supermini delivers RISC performance with CISC instruction set"
3069:
Archive.org - Amiga Format review of 68LC060-based accelerator board
2222:
2186:
to be used to synchronize several processors sharing a single memory
2158:
Logic: EOR (exclusive or), AND, NOT (logical not), OR (inclusive or)
2595:
There are dozens of processor architectures that are successful in
2483:
with many enhancements as an FPGA core. Their core is known as the
2380:
1471:
1442:
used the 68000 for audio processing and other I/O tasks, while the
1409:
1325:
640:
319:
279:
259:
207:
46:
3350:"High-Tech Marketing: A Balancing Act Between Style and Substance"
3131:"Olivetti "to Launch 68020-Compatible Mini from Edge in November""
3968:
3905:
3900:
3317:
3315:
2688:"Amiga projects: Amiga 500 68HC000 accelerator running at 50 MHZ"
2600:
2554:
2549:
2392:
2360:
each included two modified
Motorola 68000 processors with custom
2322:
2315:
2300:
323:
223:
4179:
3232:
3230:
2624:
2612:
2541:(the first 32-bit x86 processor), and generation 3 against the
2354:
2350:
1876:
1421:
195:
3596:
3394:
3312:
3286:
3260:
2311:
1424:
operating systems still include support for 68000 processors.
4020:
3892:
2566:
2562:
2542:
2538:
2511:
2480:
2465:
2453:
2334:
2307:
2296:
2292:
2006:
1914:
While the 68000 had a 'supervisor mode', it did not meet the
1454:
1417:
1372:
1368:
1364:
1317:
1278:
1274:
701:(AGU) and thereby supply the result two cycles before the ALU
482:
305:
290:
286:
251:
247:
243:
199:
183:
3527:
3382:(Edge Computer advertisement). 28 April 1988. pp. 70–71
3227:
4194:
4043:
3341:
2318:
2071:
Relative with 8-bit signed offset with index, e.g. 8(PC,D2)
2009:
instruction to determine what CPU or MMU or FPU is present.
1958:
1384:
1345:
608:
524:'Loop mode' for faster string and memory library primitives
326:
2864:"Motorola MC68EC030RP40 / MC68EC030RP40B / MC68EC030RP40C"
2846:"Motorola MC68EC030RP25 / MC68EC030RP25B / MC68EC030RP25C"
1903:, and assemblers accept the label SP as equivalent to A7.
3843:
2515:
2089:
There were 16 and 32-bit versions of this addressing mode
1880:
1432:
1383:(SGI), and numerous others. There was a 68000 version of
531:
330:
187:
174:. During the 1980s and early 1990s, they were popular in
3368:
3175:
3123:
350:
Generation one (internally 16/32-bit, and produced with
1895:
The 68000 series has eight 32-bit general-purpose data
663:
FPU emulation works with 2E71M and later chip revisions
3683:
Motorola-Freescale-NXP processors and microcontrollers
3016:
3014:
3012:
2522:. Generation 1 68000 CPUs competed against mainly the
1412:-era U.S. rockets and missiles: Atlas, Redstone, etc.
1398:
interpreters were 68000-based. The 68000 in the Apple
1265:
used a 68000 clocked at 7.67 MHz as its main CPU.
329:
architecture, which was developed in conjunction with
3201:
2182:, performed an indivisible bus operation, permitting
1438:
consoles as the main CPU. Other consoles such as the
3628:
3483:"On-Line-Access Services Inconsistent for the Blind"
2325:
and not officially part of
Motorola's 680x0 lineup.
1929:
can be divided into the following broad categories:
1465:
counterpart, the "DraCo" (1995). The groundbreaking
3149:
3009:
2487:and is used in Vampire-branded Amiga accelerators.
3420:
3238:"Edge Computer Corp, Read Edgecore Technology Inc"
3102:
2121:, and, in later models, other special registers.
521:Virtual memory support (restartable instructions)
297:(all models running Palm OS 4.x or earlier), the
134:8 × 80-bit floating-point registers if FP present
4211:
3402:"Hitachi Discloses Price, Specs for Latest DASD"
2882:"Motorola 68040 (MC68040) microprocessor family"
2822:"Motorola 68030 (MC68030) microprocessor family"
2774:"Motorola 68020 (MC68020) microprocessor family"
2425:, emulations had supposedly been developed of a
2065:PC (program counter) relative with displacement
2052:Address with a 16-bit signed offset, e.g. 16(A0)
1297:versions in the critical control systems of the
569:Unrestricted word and longword data access (see
3642:BYTE Magazine, September 1986: The 68000 Family
1979:(BRA, Bcc - BEQ, BNE, BHI, BLO, BMI, BPL, etc.)
3501:
3474:
3447:
1916:Popek and Goldberg virtualization requirements
1416:hardware or are out of business. However, the
1289:series that run Palm OS 1.x to 4.x (OS 5.x is
527:Multiply instruction uses 14 fewer clock ticks
3667:
3056:"68060 Masken und Fakes [amiga-wiki]"
3050:
3048:
3046:
680:Instruction and data caches of 8 KB each
607:Split instruction and data cache of 256
2284:to classify as a major upgrade to the core.
3597:"APOLLO 68080 - High Performance Processor"
3105:Upgrading and Repairing PCs, Second Edition
2650:"APOLLO 68080 - High Performance Processor"
2251:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
2097:Data stored in the instruction, e.g. "#400"
1427:The 68000 processors were also used in the
3674:
3660:
3043:
2545:. The fourth generation competed with the
2108:In addq and subq, 0 is the equivalent to 8
3376:"Thinking of getting into bed with RISC?"
3094:
2271:Learn how and when to remove this message
2128:address mode, and added another level of
2082:Most assemblers used the "$ " symbol for
402:Generation two (internally fully 32-bit)
3567:(1 ed.). Palgrave. pp. 62–63.
3560:
3554:
3429:"New RISC Chip to Emulate 486 and 68040"
3426:
2976:
2974:
2972:
2947:
2945:
2943:
2907:
2905:
2903:
2901:
1256:
3480:
3100:
2385:Philips Telecommunications Data Systems
2046:Address with post-increment, e.g. (A0)+
14:
4212:
3347:
3215:. December 1988. pp. 8, 10, 12–13
2702:"Motorola 68008 microprocessor family"
2664:"Motorola 68000 microprocessor family"
2414:(IMS) announced a RISC-based CPU, the
2049:Address with pre-decrement, e.g. −(A0)
639:Instruction and data caches of 4
509:
3655:
3533:
2969:
2940:
2898:
2321:. This CPU was, however, produced by
686:Two cycle integer multiplication unit
27:Series of 32 bit CISC microprocessors
4061:
3625:Free On-Line Dictionary of Computing
3453:
2537:. Generation 2 competed against the
2249:adding citations to reliable sources
2216:
1285:lines) to all of the members of the
182:and were the primary competitors of
3509:"IMS Rides Again With The Meta6000"
3481:Lazzaro, Joseph J. (January 1995).
3244:. 26 September 1988. Archived from
2132:to many of the pre-existing modes.
1948:Bit rotation (ROR, ROL, ROXL, ROXR)
24:
3427:Halfhill, Tom R. (November 1992).
2358:PC-based IBM-compatible mainframes
2328:
2212:
2086:, instead of "0x" or a trailing H.
2005:There is no equivalent to the x86
1939:(ADD, SUB, MULS, MULU, DIVS, DIVU)
131:stack pointer (address register 7)
25:
4246:
3635:
3594:
3109:. Que Books. pp. 73–75, 94.
2953:"Motorola 68060 processor family"
2750:"Motorola 68012 (MC68012) family"
2726:"Motorola 68010 (MC68010) family"
2344:
2291:There is also no revision of the
1875:People who are familiar with the
344:
3561:Perelman, Michael (April 2002).
2221:
2155:arithmetic: ABCD, NBCD, and SBCD
1985:invocation and return (BSR, RTS)
1688:Stack Pointer (supervisor)
1483:Motorola 68000 series registers
730:Frequency (max) [in MHz]
168:complex instruction set computer
3617:
3588:
3534:Brown, Peter (10 August 1998).
3073:
3062:
2874:
2856:
2838:
1477:
3694:
3631:. Retrieved September 4, 2007.
3456:"IMS Takes On 80x86 Emulation"
2814:
2790:
2766:
2742:
2718:
2694:
2680:
2656:
2642:
2500:
711:
308:Precomputer Unlimited and the
13:
1:
4220:Instruction set architectures
3163:. September 1987. p. 107
2635:
2631:designed for the 68000 series
2299:processor lines into its new
596:Low cost, EC = 24-bit address
3627:. Imperial College, London.
3454:Ryan, Bob (September 1994).
3408:. 1 October 1990. p. 18
3348:Waller, Larry (April 1989).
2591:Microcontroller § Types
1991:management (LINK, UNLK, PEA)
1252:
534:directly accessible memory (
481:(CPU32 aka 68330, 68360 aka
128:7 × 32-bit address registers
7:
3515:. November 1996. p. 90
3300:. 27 March 1989. p. 12
3274:. 13 March 1989. p. 14
2618:
2584:
2124:The Motorola 68020 added a
2035:Address register, e.g. "A0"
707:Low cost EC = No FPU or MMU
669:Low cost EC = No FPU or MMU
68:; 45 years ago
10:
4251:
3623:Howe, Dennis, ed. (1983).
3536:"Chip Law Firms Kept Busy"
3329:. 17 July 1989. p. 20
2588:
2505:
2412:International Meta Systems
2410:In 1992, a company called
2395:were also signed in 1989.
2371:An Arizona-based company,
1994:Causing and responding to
1889:orthogonal instruction set
1715:
1692:
1680:Stack Pointer (user)
1669:
1606:
1535:
29:
4167:
4146:
4130:
4071:
4060:
4056:
4034:
3967:
3943:
3916:
3891:
3839:
3776:
3720:
3704:
3693:
3689:
2306:There was a CPU with the
2169:Bit test and manipulation
2076:Absolute memory location
2043:Simple address, e.g. (A0)
1827:
1815:
1699:
1684:
1676:
1661:
1653:
1645:
1637:
1629:
1621:
1613:
1598:
1590:
1582:
1574:
1566:
1558:
1550:
1542:
694:Dual instruction pipeline
125:8 × 32-bit data registers
121:
114:
104:
92:
80:
62:
52:
42:
2798:"Motorola MC68EC020FG16"
2368:mainframe instructions.
2032:Data register, e.g. "D0"
1408:hardware were named for
299:Control Data Corporation
3945:Memory management units
3705:Industrial control unit
3101:Mueller, Scott (1992).
2349:The Personal Computers
699:address generation unit
658:transcendental function
586:Addressing modes added
274:IRIS workstations, the
242:, the Sun Microsystems
3323:"Arix May Buy Edgcore"
3083:. Priorartdatabase.com
3026:NatAmi Knowledge Forum
3022:"Happy Birthday Arne!"
2982:"M68060 User's Manual"
2913:"M68040 User's Manual"
2401:Little Red Riding Hood
2138:Most instructions are
1977:unconditional branches
1266:
628:Burst Memory Interface
616:memory management unit
304:Device Interface, the
2629:computer bus standard
2518:architecture used in
2377:18 to 24 months’ time
2102:Quick immediate mode
1933:Load and store (MOVE)
1703:Program Counter
1260:
590:and another level of
551:arithmetic logic unit
549:32-bit address &
145:Motorola 68000 series
38:Motorola 68000 series
2339:P5 microarchitecture
2245:improve this section
2193:), RTE (return from
2153:Binary-coded decimal
2117:Plus: access to the
1945:(ASL, ASR, LSL, LSR)
1363:, Sun Microsystems'
818:dual in-line package
759:dual in-line package
704:Low cost LC = No FPU
697:Instructions in the
666:Low cost LC = No FPU
625:Low cost EC = No MMU
494:Freescale DragonBall
4230:68k microprocessors
3601:www.apollo-core.com
3595:Boehn, Gunnar von.
2475:With the advent of
2333:The 4th-generation
1954:(AND, OR, NOT, EOR)
1484:
1355:such as AT&T's
1310:video game consoles
651:floating-point unit
510:Improvement history
39:
3356:. pp. 100–102
3189:. 15 November 1987
2520:IBM PC compatibles
2373:Edge Computer Corp
2040:Register indirect
2001:Exception handling
1482:
1474:operating system.
1312:such as the Apple
1295:radiation-hardened
1293:-based), and even
1267:
646:Six stage pipeline
503:APOLLO CORE 68080
489:Freescale ColdFire
427:Generation three (
176:personal computers
37:
4207:
4206:
4203:
4202:
4052:
4051:
3629:http://foldoc.org
3248:on 11 August 2022
2998:on 23 August 2016
2281:
2280:
2273:
2163:arithmetic shifts
1957:Type conversion (
1925:The 68000 series
1873:
1872:
1869:
1868:
1707:
1706:
1608:Address registers
1472:Motorola VERSAdos
1431:(Mega Drive) and
1361:Model 16/16B/6000
1306:desktop computers
1273:calculators (the
1271:Texas Instruments
1250:
1249:
960:Quad Flat Package
690:Branch prediction
683:10 stage pipeline
451:Generation four (
376:Motorola 68SEC000
293:calculators, the
284:Texas Instruments
278:, computers from
240:Model 16/16B/6000
222:(Mega Drive) and
163:) is a family of
141:
140:
16:(Redirected from
4242:
4235:32-bit computers
4225:68k architecture
4064:Microcontrollers
4058:
4057:
3691:
3690:
3676:
3669:
3662:
3653:
3652:
3611:
3610:
3608:
3607:
3592:
3586:
3585:
3583:
3581:
3558:
3552:
3551:
3549:
3547:
3531:
3525:
3524:
3522:
3520:
3505:
3499:
3498:
3496:
3494:
3478:
3472:
3471:
3469:
3467:
3451:
3445:
3444:
3442:
3440:
3424:
3418:
3417:
3415:
3413:
3398:
3392:
3391:
3389:
3387:
3372:
3366:
3365:
3363:
3361:
3345:
3339:
3338:
3336:
3334:
3319:
3310:
3309:
3307:
3305:
3290:
3284:
3283:
3281:
3279:
3264:
3258:
3257:
3255:
3253:
3234:
3225:
3224:
3222:
3220:
3205:
3199:
3198:
3196:
3194:
3179:
3173:
3172:
3170:
3168:
3153:
3147:
3146:
3144:
3142:
3137:. 27 August 1987
3127:
3121:
3120:
3108:
3098:
3092:
3091:
3089:
3088:
3077:
3071:
3066:
3060:
3059:
3052:
3041:
3040:
3038:
3037:
3028:. Archived from
3018:
3007:
3006:
3004:
3003:
2997:
2991:. Archived from
2986:
2978:
2967:
2966:
2964:
2963:
2949:
2938:
2937:
2935:
2934:
2929:on 17 April 2016
2928:
2922:. Archived from
2917:
2909:
2896:
2895:
2893:
2892:
2878:
2872:
2871:
2860:
2854:
2853:
2842:
2836:
2835:
2833:
2832:
2818:
2812:
2811:
2809:
2808:
2794:
2788:
2787:
2785:
2784:
2770:
2764:
2763:
2761:
2760:
2746:
2740:
2739:
2737:
2736:
2722:
2716:
2715:
2713:
2712:
2698:
2692:
2691:
2684:
2678:
2677:
2675:
2674:
2660:
2654:
2653:
2646:
2597:embedded systems
2579:Silicon Graphics
2491:Magnetic Scrolls
2436:
2432:
2428:
2424:
2417:
2389:Nixdorf Computer
2378:
2276:
2269:
2265:
2262:
2256:
2225:
2217:
2029:Register direct
2023:addressing modes
1952:Logic operations
1713:
1712:
1489:
1488:
1485:
1481:
1467:Quantel Paintbox
1451:Microcontrollers
1381:Silicon Graphics
1316:, the Commodore
1237:
1232:
1205:
1199:
1172:
1167:
1143:
1114:
1109:
1105:
1078:
1073:
1069:
1043:
1038:
1034:
1005:
1000:
996:
992:
968:
963:
927:
922:
896:
891:
865:
860:
856:
852:
825:
821:
790:
786:
782:
774:
770:
766:
762:
733:Address bus bits
716:
715:
469:Motorola 68LC060
464:Motorola 68EC060
445:Motorola 68LC040
440:Motorola 68EC040
421:Motorola 68EC030
411:Motorola 68EC020
381:Motorola 68HC000
371:Motorola 68EC000
314:embedded systems
272:Silicon Graphics
236:AT&T UNIX PC
198:, the Commodore
76:
74:
69:
40:
36:
21:
4250:
4249:
4245:
4244:
4243:
4241:
4240:
4239:
4210:
4209:
4208:
4199:
4163:
4142:
4126:
4067:
4048:
4030:
3963:
3939:
3912:
3887:
3841:Embedded system
3835:
3772:
3716:
3700:
3685:
3680:
3638:
3620:
3615:
3614:
3605:
3603:
3593:
3589:
3579:
3577:
3575:
3559:
3555:
3545:
3543:
3540:Electronic News
3532:
3528:
3518:
3516:
3507:
3506:
3502:
3492:
3490:
3479:
3475:
3465:
3463:
3452:
3448:
3438:
3436:
3425:
3421:
3411:
3409:
3406:Electronic News
3400:
3399:
3395:
3385:
3383:
3374:
3373:
3369:
3359:
3357:
3346:
3342:
3332:
3330:
3327:Electronic News
3321:
3320:
3313:
3303:
3301:
3298:Electronic News
3292:
3291:
3287:
3277:
3275:
3272:Electronic News
3266:
3265:
3261:
3251:
3249:
3236:
3235:
3228:
3218:
3216:
3207:
3206:
3202:
3192:
3190:
3181:
3180:
3176:
3166:
3164:
3155:
3154:
3150:
3140:
3138:
3129:
3128:
3124:
3117:
3099:
3095:
3086:
3084:
3079:
3078:
3074:
3067:
3063:
3054:
3053:
3044:
3035:
3033:
3020:
3019:
3010:
3001:
2999:
2995:
2984:
2980:
2979:
2970:
2961:
2959:
2951:
2950:
2941:
2932:
2930:
2926:
2915:
2911:
2910:
2899:
2890:
2888:
2880:
2879:
2875:
2862:
2861:
2857:
2844:
2843:
2839:
2830:
2828:
2820:
2819:
2815:
2806:
2804:
2796:
2795:
2791:
2782:
2780:
2772:
2771:
2767:
2758:
2756:
2748:
2747:
2743:
2734:
2732:
2724:
2723:
2719:
2710:
2708:
2700:
2699:
2695:
2690:. 12 July 2015.
2686:
2685:
2681:
2672:
2670:
2662:
2661:
2657:
2648:
2647:
2643:
2638:
2621:
2593:
2587:
2508:
2503:
2495:text adventures
2450:microcontroller
2434:
2430:
2426:
2419:
2415:
2376:
2347:
2331:
2329:Last generation
2277:
2266:
2260:
2257:
2242:
2226:
2215:
2213:68050 and 68070
2176:Multiprocessing
2126:scaled indexing
2119:status register
2094:Immediate mode
1927:instruction set
1803:
1798:
1793:
1788:
1783:
1778:
1773:
1768:
1763:
1758:
1753:
1748:
1743:
1738:
1733:
1728:
1717:Status Register
1694:Program counter
1526:
1518:
1510:
1502:
1494:
1480:
1255:
1235:
1230:
1203:
1197:
1170:
1165:
1141:
1112:
1107:
1103:
1076:
1071:
1067:
1041:
1036:
1032:
1003:
998:
994:
990:
966:
957:
925:
920:
894:
889:
863:
858:
854:
850:
823:
815:
788:
784:
776:
772:
768:
764:
756:
714:
656:FPU lacks IEEE
588:scaled indexing
578:multiprocessing
512:
479:Freescale 683XX
347:
337:as part of the
232:Capcom System I
172:microprocessors
147:(also known as
137:
72:
70:
67:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4248:
4238:
4237:
4232:
4227:
4222:
4205:
4204:
4201:
4200:
4198:
4197:
4192:
4187:
4182:
4177:
4171:
4169:
4165:
4164:
4162:
4161:
4160:
4159:
4150:
4148:
4144:
4143:
4141:
4140:
4134:
4132:
4128:
4127:
4125:
4124:
4119:
4114:
4109:
4108:
4107:
4102:
4092:
4087:
4084:
4079:
4075:
4073:
4069:
4068:
4054:
4053:
4050:
4049:
4047:
4046:
4040:
4038:
4032:
4031:
4029:
4028:
4023:
4018:
4013:
4008:
3999:
3994:
3989:
3980:
3974:
3972:
3965:
3964:
3962:
3961:
3956:
3950:
3948:
3941:
3940:
3938:
3937:
3932:
3926:
3924:
3918:Floating-point
3914:
3913:
3911:
3910:
3909:
3908:
3897:
3895:
3889:
3888:
3886:
3885:
3880:
3875:
3870:
3865:
3860:
3855:
3849:
3847:
3837:
3836:
3834:
3833:
3828:
3823:
3818:
3813:
3808:
3803:
3798:
3793:
3788:
3782:
3780:
3774:
3773:
3771:
3770:
3765:
3760:
3755:
3750:
3745:
3744:
3743:
3732:
3726:
3724:
3718:
3717:
3715:
3714:
3708:
3706:
3702:
3701:
3687:
3686:
3679:
3678:
3671:
3664:
3656:
3650:
3649:
3644:
3637:
3636:External links
3634:
3633:
3632:
3619:
3616:
3613:
3612:
3587:
3573:
3553:
3526:
3500:
3473:
3446:
3419:
3393:
3367:
3340:
3311:
3285:
3259:
3226:
3200:
3174:
3148:
3122:
3115:
3093:
3072:
3061:
3042:
3008:
2968:
2939:
2897:
2873:
2855:
2837:
2813:
2789:
2765:
2741:
2717:
2693:
2679:
2655:
2640:
2639:
2637:
2634:
2633:
2632:
2627:, an external
2620:
2617:
2615:, and others.
2589:Main article:
2586:
2583:
2507:
2504:
2502:
2499:
2346:
2345:Other variants
2343:
2330:
2327:
2279:
2278:
2229:
2227:
2220:
2214:
2211:
2210:
2209:
2202:
2198:
2187:
2178:control: TAS,
2173:
2166:
2159:
2156:
2150:
2115:
2114:
2113:
2112:
2109:
2106:
2100:
2099:
2098:
2092:
2091:
2090:
2087:
2080:
2074:
2073:
2072:
2069:
2063:
2062:
2061:
2057:
2056:
2053:
2050:
2047:
2044:
2038:
2037:
2036:
2033:
2015:Motorola 68020
2011:
2010:
2003:
1998:
1992:
1986:
1980:
1970:
1955:
1949:
1946:
1940:
1934:
1920:Motorola 68010
1887:It had a more
1871:
1870:
1867:
1866:
1861:
1856:
1851:
1846:
1841:
1838:
1835:
1832:
1829:
1826:
1823:
1820:
1817:
1814:
1810:
1809:
1807:(bit position)
1804:
1801:
1799:
1796:
1794:
1791:
1789:
1786:
1784:
1781:
1779:
1776:
1774:
1771:
1769:
1766:
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1708:
1705:
1704:
1701:
1697:
1696:
1690:
1689:
1686:
1682:
1681:
1678:
1674:
1673:
1671:Stack pointers
1667:
1666:
1663:
1659:
1658:
1655:
1651:
1650:
1647:
1643:
1642:
1639:
1635:
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1571:
1568:
1564:
1563:
1560:
1556:
1555:
1552:
1548:
1547:
1544:
1540:
1539:
1537:Data registers
1533:
1532:
1530:(bit position)
1527:
1524:
1522:
1519:
1516:
1514:
1511:
1508:
1506:
1503:
1500:
1498:
1495:
1492:
1479:
1476:
1342:Commodore CDTV
1254:
1251:
1248:
1247:
1244:
1241:
1238:
1233:
1228:
1219:
1216:
1215:
1212:
1209:
1206:
1201:
1195:
1186:
1183:
1182:
1179:
1176:
1173:
1168:
1163:
1158:
1154:
1153:
1150:
1147:
1144:
1139:
1137:
1128:
1125:
1124:
1121:
1118:
1115:
1110:
1101:
1092:
1089:
1088:
1085:
1082:
1079:
1074:
1065:
1060:
1056:
1055:
1050:
1047:
1044:
1039:
1030:
1021:
1018:
1017:
1012:
1009:
1006:
1001:
988:
983:
979:
978:
975:
972:
969:
964:
955:
946:
942:
941:
936:
931:
928:
923:
918:
913:
909:
908:
905:
900:
897:
892:
887:
882:
878:
877:
874:
869:
866:
861:
848:
843:
839:
838:
835:
832:
829:
826:
813:
808:
804:
803:
800:
797:
794:
791:
779:pin grid array
754:
749:
745:
744:
739:
734:
731:
728:
723:
720:
713:
710:
709:
708:
705:
702:
695:
692:
687:
684:
681:
671:
670:
667:
664:
661:
654:
647:
644:
630:
629:
626:
623:
612:
598:
597:
594:
584:
581:
574:
567:
560:
554:
540:
539:
528:
525:
522:
511:
508:
507:
506:
505:
504:
501:
496:
491:
486:
473:
472:
471:
466:
461:
459:Motorola 68060
449:
448:
447:
442:
437:
435:Motorola 68040
425:
424:
423:
418:
416:Motorola 68030
413:
408:
406:Motorola 68020
400:
399:
398:
396:Motorola 68012
393:
391:Motorola 68010
388:
386:Motorola 68008
383:
378:
373:
368:
366:Motorola 68000
346:
345:Family members
343:
335:Apple Computer
268:NeXTcube Turbo
234:(Arcade), the
139:
138:
136:
135:
132:
129:
126:
122:
119:
118:
112:
111:
108:
102:
101:
99:Condition code
96:
90:
89:
84:
78:
77:
64:
60:
59:
54:
50:
49:
44:
32:Motorola 68000
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4247:
4236:
4233:
4231:
4228:
4226:
4223:
4221:
4218:
4217:
4215:
4196:
4193:
4191:
4188:
4186:
4183:
4181:
4178:
4176:
4173:
4172:
4170:
4166:
4158:DSPcontroller
4157:
4156:
4155:
4152:
4151:
4149:
4145:
4139:
4136:
4135:
4133:
4129:
4123:
4120:
4118:
4115:
4113:
4110:
4106:
4103:
4101:
4098:
4097:
4096:
4093:
4091:
4088:
4085:
4083:
4080:
4077:
4076:
4074:
4070:
4066:
4065:
4059:
4055:
4045:
4042:
4041:
4039:
4037:
4033:
4027:
4024:
4022:
4019:
4017:
4014:
4012:
4009:
4007:
4003:
4000:
3998:
3995:
3993:
3990:
3988:
3984:
3981:
3979:
3976:
3975:
3973:
3970:
3966:
3960:
3957:
3955:
3952:
3951:
3949:
3946:
3942:
3936:
3933:
3931:
3928:
3927:
3925:
3922:
3919:
3915:
3907:
3904:
3903:
3902:
3899:
3898:
3896:
3894:
3890:
3884:
3881:
3879:
3876:
3874:
3871:
3869:
3866:
3864:
3861:
3859:
3856:
3854:
3851:
3850:
3848:
3845:
3842:
3838:
3832:
3829:
3827:
3824:
3822:
3819:
3817:
3814:
3812:
3809:
3807:
3804:
3802:
3799:
3797:
3794:
3792:
3789:
3787:
3784:
3783:
3781:
3779:
3775:
3769:
3766:
3764:
3761:
3759:
3756:
3754:
3751:
3749:
3746:
3742:
3738:
3737:
3736:
3733:
3731:
3728:
3727:
3725:
3723:
3719:
3713:
3710:
3709:
3707:
3703:
3699:
3698:
3692:
3688:
3684:
3677:
3672:
3670:
3665:
3663:
3658:
3657:
3654:
3648:
3645:
3643:
3640:
3639:
3630:
3626:
3622:
3621:
3602:
3598:
3591:
3576:
3574:0-312-29408-5
3570:
3566:
3565:
3557:
3541:
3537:
3530:
3514:
3510:
3504:
3488:
3484:
3477:
3461:
3457:
3450:
3434:
3430:
3423:
3407:
3403:
3397:
3381:
3377:
3371:
3355:
3351:
3344:
3328:
3324:
3318:
3316:
3299:
3295:
3294:"Data Topics"
3289:
3273:
3269:
3263:
3247:
3243:
3239:
3233:
3231:
3214:
3210:
3204:
3188:
3184:
3178:
3162:
3158:
3152:
3136:
3132:
3126:
3118:
3116:0-88022-856-3
3112:
3107:
3106:
3097:
3082:
3076:
3070:
3065:
3057:
3051:
3049:
3047:
3032:on 2011-06-13
3031:
3027:
3023:
3017:
3015:
3013:
2994:
2990:
2989:freescale.com
2983:
2977:
2975:
2973:
2958:
2954:
2948:
2946:
2944:
2925:
2921:
2920:freescale.com
2914:
2908:
2906:
2904:
2902:
2887:
2883:
2877:
2869:
2865:
2859:
2851:
2847:
2841:
2827:
2823:
2817:
2803:
2799:
2793:
2779:
2775:
2769:
2755:
2751:
2745:
2731:
2727:
2721:
2707:
2703:
2697:
2689:
2683:
2669:
2665:
2659:
2651:
2645:
2641:
2630:
2626:
2623:
2622:
2616:
2614:
2610:
2606:
2602:
2598:
2592:
2582:
2580:
2576:
2572:
2568:
2564:
2560:
2556:
2551:
2548:
2544:
2540:
2536:
2532:
2528:
2525:
2521:
2517:
2513:
2498:
2496:
2492:
2488:
2486:
2482:
2478:
2473:
2471:
2467:
2463:
2459:
2455:
2451:
2446:
2444:
2440:
2423:
2413:
2408:
2406:
2402:
2396:
2394:
2390:
2386:
2382:
2374:
2369:
2367:
2363:
2359:
2356:
2352:
2342:
2340:
2336:
2326:
2324:
2320:
2317:
2313:
2309:
2304:
2302:
2298:
2294:
2289:
2285:
2275:
2272:
2264:
2254:
2250:
2246:
2240:
2239:
2235:
2230:This section
2228:
2224:
2219:
2218:
2207:
2203:
2199:
2196:
2192:
2188:
2185:
2181:
2177:
2174:
2172:respectively.
2170:
2167:
2164:
2160:
2157:
2154:
2151:
2147:
2146:
2145:
2143:
2142:
2136:
2133:
2131:
2127:
2122:
2120:
2110:
2107:
2104:
2103:
2101:
2096:
2095:
2093:
2088:
2085:
2081:
2078:
2077:
2075:
2070:
2067:
2066:
2064:
2059:
2058:
2054:
2051:
2048:
2045:
2042:
2041:
2039:
2034:
2031:
2030:
2028:
2027:
2026:
2024:
2021:The standard
2019:
2016:
2008:
2004:
2002:
1999:
1997:
1993:
1990:
1987:
1984:
1981:
1978:
1974:
1971:
1968:
1964:
1960:
1956:
1953:
1950:
1947:
1944:
1941:
1938:
1935:
1932:
1931:
1930:
1928:
1923:
1921:
1917:
1912:
1910:
1904:
1902:
1901:stack pointer
1898:
1893:
1890:
1885:
1882:
1878:
1865:
1862:
1860:
1857:
1855:
1852:
1850:
1847:
1845:
1842:
1839:
1836:
1833:
1830:
1824:
1821:
1818:
1812:
1811:
1808:
1805:
1800:
1795:
1790:
1785:
1780:
1775:
1770:
1765:
1760:
1755:
1750:
1745:
1740:
1735:
1730:
1725:
1722:
1721:
1718:
1714:
1711:
1710:
1702:
1698:
1695:
1691:
1687:
1683:
1679:
1675:
1672:
1668:
1664:
1660:
1656:
1652:
1648:
1644:
1640:
1636:
1632:
1628:
1624:
1620:
1616:
1612:
1609:
1605:
1601:
1597:
1593:
1589:
1585:
1581:
1577:
1573:
1569:
1565:
1561:
1557:
1553:
1549:
1545:
1541:
1538:
1534:
1531:
1528:
1523:
1520:
1515:
1512:
1507:
1504:
1499:
1496:
1491:
1490:
1487:
1486:
1475:
1473:
1468:
1462:
1460:
1456:
1452:
1448:
1445:
1441:
1437:
1434:
1430:
1425:
1423:
1419:
1413:
1411:
1406:
1401:
1397:
1392:
1390:
1386:
1382:
1378:
1377:NeXT Computer
1374:
1370:
1366:
1362:
1358:
1354:
1350:
1347:
1343:
1339:
1335:
1331:
1327:
1323:
1319:
1315:
1311:
1307:
1302:
1300:
1299:Space Shuttle
1296:
1292:
1288:
1284:
1280:
1276:
1272:
1264:
1259:
1245:
1242:
1239:
1234:
1229:
1227:
1225:
1220:
1218:
1217:
1213:
1210:
1207:
1202:
1200:, 208-pin QFP
1196:
1194:
1192:
1187:
1185:
1184:
1180:
1177:
1174:
1169:
1164:
1162:
1159:
1156:
1155:
1151:
1148:
1145:
1140:
1138:
1136:
1134:
1129:
1127:
1126:
1122:
1119:
1116:
1111:
1102:
1100:
1098:
1093:
1091:
1090:
1086:
1083:
1080:
1075:
1066:
1064:
1061:
1058:
1057:
1054:
1051:
1048:
1045:
1040:
1031:
1029:
1027:
1022:
1020:
1019:
1016:
1013:
1010:
1007:
1002:
989:
987:
984:
981:
980:
976:
973:
970:
965:
961:
956:
954:
952:
947:
944:
943:
940:
937:
935:
932:
929:
924:
919:
917:
914:
911:
910:
906:
904:
901:
898:
893:
888:
886:
883:
880:
879:
875:
873:
870:
867:
862:
849:
847:
844:
841:
840:
836:
833:
830:
827:
819:
814:
812:
809:
806:
805:
801:
798:
795:
792:
780:
760:
755:
753:
750:
747:
746:
743:
740:
738:
735:
732:
729:
727:
724:
721:
718:
717:
706:
703:
700:
696:
693:
691:
688:
685:
682:
679:
678:
677:
675:
668:
665:
662:
659:
655:
652:
648:
645:
642:
638:
637:
636:
634:
627:
624:
621:
617:
613:
610:
606:
605:
604:
602:
595:
593:
589:
585:
582:
579:
575:
572:
568:
565:
561:
559:
555:
552:
548:
547:
546:
544:
537:
533:
529:
526:
523:
520:
519:
518:
516:
502:
500:
499:Philips 68070
497:
495:
492:
490:
487:
484:
480:
477:
476:
474:
470:
467:
465:
462:
460:
457:
456:
454:
450:
446:
443:
441:
438:
436:
433:
432:
430:
426:
422:
419:
417:
414:
412:
409:
407:
404:
403:
401:
397:
394:
392:
389:
387:
384:
382:
379:
377:
374:
372:
369:
367:
364:
363:
361:
357:
353:
349:
348:
342:
340:
336:
332:
328:
325:
321:
317:
315:
311:
310:Space Shuttle
307:
303:
300:
296:
292:
288:
285:
281:
277:
273:
269:
265:
261:
257:
256:NeXT Computer
253:
249:
245:
241:
237:
233:
229:
225:
221:
217:
213:
209:
205:
201:
197:
193:
189:
185:
181:
177:
173:
169:
166:
162:
158:
154:
150:
146:
133:
130:
127:
124:
123:
120:
117:
113:
109:
107:
103:
100:
97:
95:
91:
88:
85:
83:
79:
65:
61:
58:
55:
51:
48:
45:
41:
33:
19:
4190:PowerPC 5000
4063:
3921:coprocessors
3778:68000 family
3777:
3741:Hitachi 6309
3696:
3624:
3618:Bibliography
3604:. Retrieved
3600:
3590:
3578:. Retrieved
3563:
3556:
3544:. Retrieved
3542:. p. 24
3539:
3529:
3517:. Retrieved
3512:
3503:
3491:. Retrieved
3489:. p. 36
3486:
3476:
3464:. Retrieved
3462:. p. 38
3459:
3449:
3437:. Retrieved
3435:. p. 36
3432:
3422:
3410:. Retrieved
3405:
3396:
3384:. Retrieved
3379:
3370:
3358:. Retrieved
3353:
3343:
3331:. Retrieved
3326:
3302:. Retrieved
3297:
3288:
3276:. Retrieved
3271:
3262:
3250:. Retrieved
3246:the original
3242:Tech Monitor
3241:
3217:. Retrieved
3212:
3203:
3191:. Retrieved
3187:Tech Monitor
3186:
3177:
3165:. Retrieved
3160:
3151:
3139:. Retrieved
3135:Tech Monitor
3134:
3125:
3104:
3096:
3085:. Retrieved
3075:
3064:
3034:. Retrieved
3030:the original
3025:
3000:. Retrieved
2993:the original
2988:
2960:. Retrieved
2956:
2931:. Retrieved
2924:the original
2919:
2889:. Retrieved
2885:
2876:
2867:
2858:
2849:
2840:
2829:. Retrieved
2825:
2816:
2805:. Retrieved
2801:
2792:
2781:. Retrieved
2777:
2768:
2757:. Retrieved
2753:
2744:
2733:. Retrieved
2729:
2720:
2709:. Retrieved
2705:
2696:
2682:
2671:. Retrieved
2667:
2658:
2644:
2594:
2509:
2489:
2474:
2447:
2409:
2397:
2370:
2348:
2332:
2305:
2290:
2286:
2282:
2267:
2261:October 2013
2258:
2243:Please help
2231:
2205:
2180:test-and-set
2139:
2137:
2134:
2123:
2116:
2020:
2012:
1966:
1943:Bit shifting
1924:
1913:
1905:
1894:
1886:
1874:
1863:
1806:
1716:
1693:
1670:
1607:
1536:
1529:
1478:Architecture
1463:
1449:
1444:Atari Jaguar
1429:Sega Genesis
1426:
1414:
1393:
1349:workstations
1338:Atari Jaguar
1303:
1268:
1263:Sega Genesis
1223:
1190:
1132:
1096:
1025:
950:
765:64-pin SPDIP
672:
631:
599:
566:of 256 bytes
562:Instruction
556:Three stage
541:
513:
362:interfaces)
339:AIM alliance
318:
238:, the Tandy
228:Philips CD-i
220:Sega Genesis
216:Atari Jaguar
194:, the Sharp
180:workstations
160:
156:
152:
148:
144:
142:
18:Motorola 68k
3722:6800 family
3380:Electronics
3354:Electronics
3213:UNIX Review
2501:Competitors
2439:PowerPC 615
2431:30 MHz
2427:25 MHz
2364:to emulate
2130:indirection
2084:hexadecimal
1973:Conditional
1440:Sega Saturn
1400:LaserWriter
1322:Sinclair QL
1231:206-pin PGA
1198:206-pin PGA
1166:206-pin PGA
1108:184-pin QFP
1072:184-pin QFP
1068:179-pin PGA
1037:128-pin PGA
1033:132-pin QFP
999:128-pin PGA
991:132-pin QFP
921:114-pin PGA
855:68-pin PLCC
824:52-pin PLCC
773:68-pin CLCC
769:68-pin PLCC
712:Feature map
592:indirection
453:superscalar
264:NeXTstation
204:Sinclair QL
4214:Categories
4185:PowerQUICC
4016:PowerQUICC
3831:DragonBall
3739:see also:
3697:Processors
3606:2017-09-29
3386:18 October
3209:"Currents"
3087:2020-07-23
3036:2024-06-07
3002:2010-07-28
2962:2012-11-22
2933:2007-05-08
2891:2012-11-17
2831:2012-11-17
2807:2012-11-17
2783:2012-12-17
2759:2012-11-17
2735:2012-11-17
2711:2012-11-17
2673:2012-11-17
2636:References
2470:DragonBall
2435:$ 50 to 60
2191:subroutine
2184:semaphores
1996:interrupts
1983:Subroutine
1967:vice versa
1937:Arithmetic
1909:carry flag
1685:A7' / SSP
1665:Address 6
1657:Address 5
1649:Address 4
1641:Address 3
1633:Address 2
1625:Address 1
1617:Address 0
1405:Linotronic
1396:PostScript
1359:, Tandy's
1334:Neo Geo CD
1328:, the SNK
1287:Palm Pilot
1283:Voyage 200
926:12.5–33.33
890:84-pin PGA
859:68-pin PGA
851:64-pin DIP
789:68-pin QFP
785:64-pin QFP
295:Palm Pilot
106:Endianness
63:Introduced
4131:16/32-bit
4078:6801/6803
4026:PPC e6500
4011:PPC e5500
3846:-variants
2957:CPU-World
2886:CPU-World
2868:CPU-World
2850:CPU-World
2826:CPU-World
2802:CPU-World
2778:CPU-World
2754:CPU-World
2730:CPU-World
2706:CPU-World
2668:CPU-World
2559:Macintosh
2420:100
2405:Arix Corp
2362:microcode
2232:does not
2195:exception
1897:registers
1677:A7 / USP
1389:Atari TOS
1314:Macintosh
1253:Main uses
571:alignment
429:pipelined
276:Aesthedes
192:Macintosh
116:Registers
94:Branching
4154:DSP568xx
4002:PPC 74xx
3997:PPC e500
3978:PPC e200
3826:ColdFire
3161:Computer
2619:See also
2585:Embedded
2581:(SGI)).
2557:for the
2468:and the
2462:ColdFire
2443:Meta6000
2429:486 and
2416:IMS 3250
2381:Olivetti
1459:ColdFire
1410:Cold War
1326:Atari ST
958:100-pin
649:On-chip
614:On-chip
558:pipeline
538:variant)
320:Motorola
280:MASSCOMP
270:, early
260:NeXTcube
208:Atari ST
47:Motorola
43:Designer
3992:PPC 7xx
3983:PPC 6xx
3969:PowerPC
3906:MC88110
3901:MC88100
3883:68LC060
3878:68EC060
3873:68LC040
3868:68EC040
3863:68EC030
3858:68EC020
3853:68EC000
3580:12 June
3546:12 June
3519:12 June
3493:12 June
3466:12 June
3439:12 June
3167:18 June
2601:PowerPC
2555:PowerPC
2550:Pentium
2506:Desktop
2460:), the
2393:Hitachi
2323:Philips
2316:Philips
2301:PowerPC
2253:removed
2238:sources
1813:
1723:
1602:Data 7
1594:Data 6
1586:Data 5
1578:Data 4
1570:Data 3
1562:Data 2
1554:Data 1
1546:Data 0
1436:Neo Geo
1357:UNIX PC
1353:servers
967:16.7–25
864:8–16.67
828:8–16.67
816:48-pin
777:68-pin
757:64-pin
726:Package
660:ability
618:(MMU) (
580:ability
530:2
475:Others
324:PowerPC
224:Sega CD
170:(CISC)
71: (
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3571:
3412:5 June
3360:5 June
3333:5 June
3304:5 June
3278:5 June
3252:3 June
3219:5 June
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3113:
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2613:SuperH
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1204:50–133
1171:50–133
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360:32-bit
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3280:2022
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2236:any
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2013:The
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1521:...
1513:...
1505:...
1497:...
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1864:SR
1840:X
1837:0
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1819:S
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1371:,
1367:,
1340:,
1336:,
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1224:EC
1222:68
1214:-
1208:32
1191:LC
1189:68
1175:32
1152:-
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1133:EC
1131:68
1123:-
1117:32
1106:,
1097:LC
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1081:32
1070:,
1046:32
1035:,
1026:EC
1024:68
1008:32
977:-
971:24
951:EC
949:68
930:32
907:-
899:31
876:-
868:24
857:,
853:,
837:-
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822:,
802:-
796:24
787:,
783:,
775:,
771:,
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676::
641:KB
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1802:0
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1772:6
1767:7
1762:8
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1752:0
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