2368:– advantage" over Motorola's own products. In 1987, the company introduced the Edge 1000 range of "32-bit superminicomputers implementing the Motorola instruction set in the Edge mainframe architecture", employing two independent pipelines - an instruction fetch pipeline (IFP) and operand executive pipeline (OEP) - relying on a branch prediction unit featuring a 4096-entry branch cache, retrieving instructions and operands over multiple buses. An agreement between Edge Computer and Olivetti subsequently led to the latter introducing products in its own "Linea Duo" range based on Edge Computer's machines. The company was subsequently renamed to Edgcore Technology Inc. (also reported as Edgecore Technology Inc.). Edgcore's deal with
2277:
improved exception handling in the FPU, used a smaller feature size and optimized the microcode in line with program use of instructions. Many of these optimizations were included with the 68060 and were part of its design goals. For any number of reasons, likely that the 68060 was in development, that the Intel 80486 was not progressing as quickly as
Motorola assumed it would, and that 68060 was a demanding project, the 68050 was cancelled early in development.
1247:
2434:, aiming to compete with Intel's P6 products. Ultimately, IMS entered bankruptcy having sold patents to a litigator, TechSearch, who in 1998 attempted to sue Intel for infringement of an IMS patent. TechSearch reportedly lost their case but sought to appeal, also seeking to sue Intel for "libel and slander" on the basis of comments made by an Intel representative who had characterised TechSearch's business model unfavourably in remarks to the press.
2212:
1459:
8150 DVE system, used the 680EC30, and the Play
Trinity, later renamed Globecaster, uses several 68030s. The Bosch FGS-4000/4500 Video Graphics System manufactured by Robert Bosch Corporation, later BTS (1983), used a 68000 as its main processor; it drove several others to perform 3D animation in a computer that could easily apply Gouraud and Phong shading. It ran a modified
2197:, decremented the low word of a D-register and, if the result was not -1 ($ FFFF), branched to a destination. This use of −1 instead of 0 as the terminating value allowed the easy coding of loops that had to do nothing if the count was 0 to start with, with no need for another check before entering the loop. This also facilitated nesting of DBcc.
2430:, in 1994, IMS had reportedly filed a patent on its emulation technology but had not found any licensees. Repeated delays to the introduction of this product, blamed on one occasion on "a need to improve the chip's speech-processing capabilities", apparently led to the company seeking to introduce another chip, the
2276:
There was no 68050, though at one point it was a project within
Motorola. Odd-numbered releases had always been reactions to issues raised within the prior even numbered part; hence, it was generally expected that the 68050 would have reduced the 68040's power consumption (and thus heat dissipation),
1895:
In addition, it has a 16-bit status register. The upper 8 bits is the system byte, and modification of it is privileged. The lower 8 bits is the user byte, also known as the condition code register (CCR), and modification of it is not privileged. The 68000 comparison, arithmetic, and logic operations
1404:
Today, these systems are either end-of-line (in the case of the Atari), or are using different processors (in the case of
Macintosh, Amiga, Sun, and SGI). Since these platforms had their peak market share in the 1980s, their original manufacturers either no longer support an operating system for this
2272:
Motorola mainly used even numbers for major revisions to the CPU core such as 68000, 68020, 68040 and 68060. The 68010 was a revised version of the 68000 with minor modifications to the core, and likewise the 68030 was a revised 68020 with some more powerful features, none of them significant enough
2006:
added some new instructions that include some minor improvements and extensions to the supervisor state, several instructions for software management of a multiprocessing system (which were removed in the 68060), some support for high-level languages which did not get used much (and was removed from
1396:
imagesetters, the 200PS (1500+ dpi) and 300PS (2500+ dpi). Thereafter, Adobe generally preferred a RISC for its processor, as its competitors, with their PostScript clones, had already gone with RISCs, often an AMD 29000-series. The early 68000-based Adobe PostScript interpreters and their
1458:
series of early based 24-bit paint and effects system was originally released in 1981 and during its lifetime it used nearly the entire range of 68000 family processors, with the sole exception of the 68060, which was never implemented in its design. Another contender in the video arena, the Abekas
2189:
Branch: Bcc (where the "cc" specified one of 14 tests of the condition codes in the status register: equal, greater than, less-than, carry, and most combinations and logical inversions, available from the status register). Of the remaining two possible conditions, always true and always false, BRA
1880:
than those of many processors that came before (e.g., 8080) and after (e.g., x86). That is, it was typically possible to combine operations freely with operands, rather than being restricted to using certain addressing modes with certain instructions. This property made programming relatively easy
2387:
Edge
Computer reportedly had an agreement with Motorola. Despite increasing competition from RISC products, Edgcore sought to distinguish its products in the market by emphasising its "alliance" with Motorola, employing a marketing campaign drawing from Aesop's fables with "the fox (Edgecore) who
1453:
Many proprietary video editing systems used 68000 processors, such as the MacroSystem
Casablanca, which was a black box with an easy to use graphic interface (1997). It was intended for the amateur and hobby videographer market. It is also worth noting its earlier, bigger and more professional
1391:
and LaserWriter Plus was clocked faster than the version used then in
Macintosh computers. A fast 68030 in later PostScript interpreters, including the standard resolution LaserWriter IIntx, IIf and IIg (also 300 dpi), the higher resolution LaserWriter Pro 600 series (usually 600 dpi, but
1435:
included a 68000 which was intended for basic system control and input processing, but due to the Jaguar's unusual assortment of heterogeneous processors was also frequently used for running game logic. Many arcade boards also used 68000 processors including boards from Capcom, SNK, and Sega.
1896:
modify condition codes to record their results for use by later conditional jumps. The condition code bits are "zero" (Z), "carry" (C), "overflow" (V), "extend" (X), and "negative" (N). The "extend" (X) flag deserves special mention, because it is separate from the
2588:. Some are microcontrollers which are much simpler, smaller, and cheaper than the 68000, while others are relatively sophisticated and can run complex software. Embedded versions of the 68000 often compete with processor architectures based on
2396:. announced the acquisition of Edgcore in July 1989. Arix was reportedly able to renew its deal with Hitachi in 1990, whereas the future of previous deals with Olivetti and Philips remained in some doubt after the acquisition of Edgcore.
2160:
in memory or data register: BSET (set to 1), BCLR (clear to 0), BCHG (invert) and BTST (no change). All of these instructions first test the destination bit and set (clear) the CCR Z bit if the destination bit is 0 (1),
2541:
line, but it was not nearly as widely used as its predecessors, since much of the old 68000 marketplace was either defunct or nearly so (as was the case with Atari and NeXT), or converting to newer architectures
2137:
Arithmetic: ADD, SUB, MULU (unsigned multiply), MULS (signed multiply), DIVU, DIVS, NEG (additive negation), and CMP (a comparison done by subtracting the arguments without storing the result, setting the status
1872:
usually feel comfortable with the 68000 series. With the exception of the split of general-purpose registers into specialized data and address registers, the 68000 architecture is in many ways a 32-bit PDP-11.
2373:
3662:
2392:
were employed. With the company's investors having declined to finance the company further, and with a number of companies having been involved in discussions with other parties,
2364:, reportedly founded by former Honeywell designers, produced processors compatible with the 68000 series, these being claimed as having "a three to five times performance – and
2049:
For (A0)+ and −(A0), the actual increment or decrement value is dependent on the operand size: a byte access adjusts the address register by 1, a word by 2, and a long by 4.
2400:
2292:
business, so the 68070 was never developed. Had it been, it would have been a revised 68060, likely with a superior FPU (pipelining was widely speculated upon on Usenet).
2157:
3655:
3226:
2007:
future 680x0 processors), bigger multiply (32×32→64 bits) and divide (64÷32→32 bits quotient and 32 bits remainder) instructions, and bit field manipulations.
3057:
2361:
2376:
to supply the E2000 processor, this supporting the 68030 instruction set and reportedly offering a performance rating of 16 VAX MIPS. Similar deals with
3648:
1380:
instead. Many system specific ports of CP/M-68K were available, for example, TriSoft offered a port of the CP/M-68K for the Tandy Model 16/16B/6000.
2970:
2901:
2124:
Most instructions have dot-letter suffixes, permitting operations to occur on 8-bit bytes (".b"), 16-bit words (".w"), and 32-bit longs (".l").
1904:
572:
Larger multiply (32×32 -> 64 bits) and divide (64÷32 -> 32 bits quotient and 32 bits remainder) instructions, and bit field manipulations
2852:
2834:
2388:
climbs on the back of the stallion (Motorola) to pluck fruit off the higher branches of the tree". Other folktale advertising themes such as
1907:
due to the single instruction 'MOVE from SR', which copies the status register to another register, being unprivileged but sensitive. In the
3630:
1900:. This permits the extra bit from arithmetic, logic, and shift operations to be separated from the carry for flow-of-control and linkage.
3171:
2393:
2190:(branch always) has a separate mnemonic, and BSR (branch to subroutine) takes the encoding that would otherwise have been 'branch never'.
2431:
3010:
2407:, that could reportedly emulate the "Intel 486 or Motorola 68040 at full native speeds and at a fraction of their cost". Clocked at
3119:
301:. Although no modern desktop computers are based on processors in the 680x0 series, derivative processors are still widely used in
290:
2473:
4208:
2326:
provided equivalent functionality (though not instruction-set-architecture compatibility) to most of the features of the Intel
2233:
2186:, i.e. an interrupt), TRAP (trigger a software exception similar to software interrupt), CHK (a conditional software exception)
4051:
3524:
3390:
3311:
3282:
3256:
2346:
3561:
3103:
2676:
2259:
2133:, that is, the operation has a source, and a destination, and the destination is changed. Notable instructions were:
3234:
2422:
68040, including floating-point unit support, with the product aiming for mid-1993 production at a per-unit cost of
2241:
3092:
2178:
Flow of control: JMP (jump), JSR (jump to subroutine), BSR (relative address jump to subroutine), RTS (return from
156:
75:
3684:
2499:
During the 1980s and early 1990s, when the 68000 was widely used in desktop computers, it mainly competed against
2299:
designation, which was a licensed and somewhat slower version of the 16/32-bit 68000 with a basic DMA controller,
2237:
2193:
Decrement-and-branch: DBcc (where "cc" was as for the branch instructions), which, provided the condition was
2465:
3197:
2154:, i.e. sign-extend the most-significant bit) ASR, ASL, (rotates through eXtend and not) ROXL, ROXR, ROL, ROR
4218:
3145:
19:
This article is about the family of microprocessors. For the first such microprocessor in that family, see
1349:
228:
3640:
3551:
3070:"Implementation of IBM System 370 Via Co-Microprocessors/The Co-Processor... - IPCOM000059679D - IP.com"
2441:
and embedded microprocessor versions. These chips include the ones listed under "other" above, i.e. the
1877:
3364:
2981:
2912:
4223:
4213:
3497:
82:
3417:
3338:
2057:
Relative 16-bit signed offset, e.g. 16(PC). This mode was very useful for position-independent code.
2222:
1376:
called CP/M-68K, which was initially proposed to be the Atari ST operating system, but Atari chose
559:
287:
2786:
4024:
2226:
2172:
2118:
687:
646:
580:
3933:
2535:
2389:
2327:
1889:
725:
604:
2437:
After the mainline 68000 processors' demise, the 68000 family has been used to some extent in
1442:
derived from the 68000 family have been used in a huge variety of applications. For example,
539:
70:
3819:
3710:
3671:
3044:
2458:
2141:
1965:
806:
747:
546:
482:
417:
3553:
Steal This Idea: Intellectual
Property Rights and the Corporate Confiscation of Creativity
3444:
2372:
in 1987 to supply the company's E1000 processor was followed in 1989 by another deal with
1450:
microcontrollers have been manufactured in the millions as automotive engine controllers.
8:
3018:
1293:
However, the 680x0 CPU family became most well known as the processors powering advanced
1258:
The 680x0 line of processors has been used in a variety of systems, from modern high-end
730:
639:
2114:
576:
3871:
3866:
3814:
3471:
2579:
2450:
2150:
Shifting: (logical, i.e. right shifts put zero in the most-significant bit) LSL, LSR, (
2044:
Register indirect with index register and 8-bit signed offset e.g. 8(A0,D0) or 8(A0,A1)
1989:
1961:
1885:
1447:
1341:
1298:
1283:
477:
104:
3923:
3700:
3557:
3099:
2638:
2597:
2563:
2508:
2482:
used a subset of the 68000's instructions as a base for the virtual machine in their
2427:
1931:
1424:
1259:
948:
364:
272:
164:
1365:
1333:, and several others. The 680x0 were also the processors of choice in the 1980s for
3861:
3856:
3851:
3846:
3841:
2593:
2567:
2559:
2512:
2479:
2426:. Amidst the apparent proliferation of emulation support in processors such as the
2377:
2151:
1951:
1455:
1369:
1318:
1294:
1279:
678:
433:
428:
409:
399:
369:
359:
348:
344:
311:
ceased development of the 680x0 series architecture in 1994, replacing it with the
260:
153:
45:
2738:
2690:
4126:
4110:
4105:
4100:
4083:
4078:
3829:
3756:
3751:
3746:
3741:
3736:
2941:
2870:
2810:
2762:
2714:
2652:
2585:
2483:
2446:
2438:
2164:
2107:
2011:
1940:
1915:
1439:
1392:
limited to 300 dpi with minimum RAM installed) and the very high resolution
1345:
566:
467:
340:
302:
224:
87:
1911:
and later, this was made privileged, to better support virtualization software.
179:
microprocessors. They were best known as the processors used in the early Apple
4142:
4093:
3947:
3942:
3918:
3906:
3809:
3804:
3799:
3794:
3789:
3784:
3779:
3774:
2547:
2354:
2003:
1908:
1888:(D0-D7), and eight address registers (A0-A7). The last address register is the
1330:
1302:
1210:
1177:
1149:
1119:
1083:
1051:
1041:
1012:
1003:
974:
937:
927:
922:
904:
891:
873:
860:
834:
799:
767:
740:
662:
621:
608:
589:
531:
524:
503:
457:
452:
447:
423:
404:
394:
384:
379:
374:
354:
323:
256:
180:
160:
20:
2068:
Either a number, e.g. "$ 4000", or a symbolic name translated by the assembler
4202:
4070:
4014:
3999:
3723:
3718:
1842:
1287:
487:
298:
244:
2468:
technology an international team of hardware developers have re-created the
2303:
host and an on-chip serial port. This 68070 was used as the main CPU in the
1881:
for humans, and also made it easier to write code generators for compilers.
1383:
Also, and perhaps most significantly, the first several versions of Adobe's
4178:
4088:
3994:
3985:
3975:
3966:
3729:
3069:
2617:
2168:
2100:
e.g. moveq #0,d0 was quicker than clr.l d0 (though both made D0 equal to 0)
1432:
1417:
1326:
1251:
714:
327:
216:
208:
204:
200:
3670:
3636:
A quite an extensive list of operating systems supporting 680x0 processors
3980:
3971:
3909:
3257:"Edgcore Wins $ 20M Philips Contract, Four-Year Agreement for E2000 CPUs"
2523:
2072:
1428:
1388:
1337:
1310:
441:
252:
192:
168:
2129:
1246:
4173:
4004:
3990:
2519:
2515:
2179:
2094:
3-bit unsigned (or 8-bit signed with moveq) with value stored in opcode
1977:
1971:
1925:
1897:
1847:
1393:
1384:
1322:
1275:
1271:
283:
94:
3635:
3172:"Olivetti to Launch Models of the Edge Computer Machines as Linea Duo"
2410:
2350:
2284:, as Motorola was in the process of shifting away from the 68000 and
2183:
1984:
1837:
1832:
1377:
552:
264:
220:
4163:
3146:"Edge supermini delivers RISC performance with CISC instruction set"
3058:
Archive.org - Amiga Format review of 68LC060-based accelerator board
2211:
2175:
to be used to synchronize several processors sharing a single memory
2147:
Logic: EOR (exclusive or), AND, NOT (logical not), OR (inclusive or)
2584:
There are dozens of processor architectures that are successful in
2472:
with many enhancements as an FPGA core. Their core is known as the
2369:
1460:
1431:
used the 68000 for audio processing and other I/O tasks, while the
1398:
1314:
629:
308:
268:
248:
196:
35:
3339:"High-Tech Marketing: A Balancing Act Between Style and Substance"
3120:"Olivetti "to Launch 68020-Compatible Mini from Edge in November""
3957:
3894:
3889:
3306:
3304:
2677:"Amiga projects: Amiga 500 68HC000 accelerator running at 50 MHZ"
2589:
2543:
2538:
2381:
2349:
each included two modified
Motorola 68000 processors with custom
2311:
2304:
2289:
312:
212:
4168:
3221:
3219:
2613:
2601:
2530:(the first 32-bit x86 processor), and generation 3 against the
2343:
2339:
1865:
1410:
184:
3585:
3383:
3301:
3275:
3249:
2300:
1413:
operating systems still include support for 68000 processors.
4009:
3881:
2555:
2551:
2531:
2527:
2500:
2469:
2454:
2442:
2323:
2296:
2285:
2281:
1995:
1903:
While the 68000 had a 'supervisor mode', it did not meet the
1443:
1406:
1361:
1357:
1353:
1306:
1267:
1263:
690:(AGU) and thereby supply the result two cycles before the ALU
471:
294:
279:
275:
240:
236:
232:
188:
172:
3516:
3371:(Edge Computer advertisement). 28 April 1988. pp. 70–71
3216:
4183:
4032:
3330:
2307:
2060:
Relative with 8-bit signed offset with index, e.g. 8(PC,D2)
1998:
instruction to determine what CPU or MMU or FPU is present.
1947:
1373:
1334:
597:
513:'Loop mode' for faster string and memory library primitives
315:
2853:"Motorola MC68EC030RP40 / MC68EC030RP40B / MC68EC030RP40C"
2835:"Motorola MC68EC030RP25 / MC68EC030RP25B / MC68EC030RP25C"
1892:, and assemblers accept the label SP as equivalent to A7.
3832:
2504:
2078:
There were 16 and 32-bit versions of this addressing mode
1869:
1421:
1372:(SGI), and numerous others. There was a 68000 version of
520:
319:
176:
163:. During the 1980s and early 1990s, they were popular in
3357:
3164:
3112:
339:
Generation one (internally 16/32-bit, and produced with
1884:
The 68000 series has eight 32-bit general-purpose data
652:
FPU emulation works with 2E71M and later chip revisions
3672:
Motorola-Freescale-NXP processors and microcontrollers
3005:
3003:
3001:
2511:. Generation 1 68000 CPUs competed against mainly the
1401:-era U.S. rockets and missiles: Atlas, Redstone, etc.
1387:
interpreters were 68000-based. The 68000 in the Apple
1254:
used a 68000 clocked at 7.67 MHz as its main CPU.
318:
architecture, which was developed in conjunction with
3190:
2171:, performed an indivisible bus operation, permitting
1427:
consoles as the main CPU. Other consoles such as the
3617:
3472:"On-Line-Access Services Inconsistent for the Blind"
2314:
and not officially part of
Motorola's 680x0 lineup.
1918:
can be divided into the following broad categories:
1454:
counterpart, the "DraCo" (1995). The groundbreaking
3138:
2998:
2476:and is used in Vampire-branded Amiga accelerators.
3409:
3227:"Edge Computer Corp, Read Edgecore Technology Inc"
3091:
2110:, and, in later models, other special registers.
510:Virtual memory support (restartable instructions)
286:(all models running Palm OS 4.x or earlier), the
123:8 × 80-bit floating-point registers if FP present
4200:
3391:"Hitachi Discloses Price, Specs for Latest DASD"
2871:"Motorola 68040 (MC68040) microprocessor family"
2811:"Motorola 68030 (MC68030) microprocessor family"
2763:"Motorola 68020 (MC68020) microprocessor family"
2414:, emulations had supposedly been developed of a
2054:PC (program counter) relative with displacement
2041:Address with a 16-bit signed offset, e.g. 16(A0)
1286:versions in the critical control systems of the
558:Unrestricted word and longword data access (see
3631:BYTE Magazine, September 1986: The 68000 Family
1968:(BRA, Bcc - BEQ, BNE, BHI, BLO, BMI, BPL, etc.)
3490:
3463:
3436:
1905:Popek and Goldberg virtualization requirements
1405:hardware or are out of business. However, the
1278:series that run Palm OS 1.x to 4.x (OS 5.x is
516:Multiply instruction uses 14 fewer clock ticks
3656:
3045:"68060 Masken und Fakes [amiga-wiki]"
3039:
3037:
3035:
669:Instruction and data caches of 8 KB each
596:Split instruction and data cache of 256
2273:to classify as a major upgrade to the core.
3586:"APOLLO 68080 - High Performance Processor"
3094:Upgrading and Repairing PCs, Second Edition
2639:"APOLLO 68080 - High Performance Processor"
2240:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
2086:Data stored in the instruction, e.g. "#400"
1416:The 68000 processors were also used in the
3663:
3649:
3032:
2534:. The fourth generation competed with the
2097:In addq and subq, 0 is the equivalent to 8
3365:"Thinking of getting into bed with RISC?"
3083:
2260:Learn how and when to remove this message
2117:address mode, and added another level of
2071:Most assemblers used the "$ " symbol for
391:Generation two (internally fully 32-bit)
3556:(1 ed.). Palgrave. pp. 62–63.
3549:
3543:
3418:"New RISC Chip to Emulate 486 and 68040"
3415:
2965:
2963:
2961:
2936:
2934:
2932:
2896:
2894:
2892:
2890:
1245:
3469:
3089:
2374:Philips Telecommunications Data Systems
2035:Address with post-increment, e.g. (A0)+
4201:
3336:
3204:. December 1988. pp. 8, 10, 12–13
2691:"Motorola 68008 microprocessor family"
2653:"Motorola 68000 microprocessor family"
2403:(IMS) announced a RISC-based CPU, the
2038:Address with pre-decrement, e.g. −(A0)
628:Instruction and data caches of 4
498:
3644:
3522:
2958:
2929:
2887:
2310:. This CPU was, however, produced by
675:Two cycle integer multiplication unit
16:Series of 32 bit CISC microprocessors
4050:
3614:Free On-Line Dictionary of Computing
3442:
2526:. Generation 2 competed against the
2238:adding citations to reliable sources
2205:
1274:lines) to all of the members of the
171:and were the primary competitors of
3498:"IMS Rides Again With The Meta6000"
3470:Lazzaro, Joseph J. (January 1995).
3233:. 26 September 1988. Archived from
2121:to many of the pre-existing modes.
1937:Bit rotation (ROR, ROL, ROXL, ROXR)
13:
3416:Halfhill, Tom R. (November 1992).
2347:PC-based IBM-compatible mainframes
2317:
2201:
2075:, instead of "0x" or a trailing H.
1994:There is no equivalent to the x86
1928:(ADD, SUB, MULS, MULU, DIVS, DIVU)
120:stack pointer (address register 7)
14:
4235:
3624:
3583:
3098:. Que Books. pp. 73–75, 94.
2942:"Motorola 68060 processor family"
2739:"Motorola 68012 (MC68012) family"
2715:"Motorola 68010 (MC68010) family"
2333:
2280:There is also no revision of the
1864:People who are familiar with the
333:
3550:Perelman, Michael (April 2002).
2210:
2144:arithmetic: ABCD, NBCD, and SBCD
1974:invocation and return (BSR, RTS)
1677:Stack Pointer (supervisor)
1472:Motorola 68000 series registers
719:Frequency (max) [in MHz]
157:complex instruction set computer
3606:
3577:
3523:Brown, Peter (10 August 1998).
3062:
3051:
2863:
2845:
2827:
1466:
3683:
3620:. Retrieved September 4, 2007.
3445:"IMS Takes On 80x86 Emulation"
2803:
2779:
2755:
2731:
2707:
2683:
2669:
2645:
2631:
2489:
700:
297:Precomputer Unlimited and the
1:
4209:Instruction set architectures
3152:. September 1987. p. 107
2624:
2620:designed for the 68000 series
2288:processor lines into its new
585:Low cost, EC = 24-bit address
3616:. Imperial College, London.
3443:Ryan, Bob (September 1994).
3397:. 1 October 1990. p. 18
3337:Waller, Larry (April 1989).
2580:Microcontroller § Types
1980:management (LINK, UNLK, PEA)
1241:
523:directly accessible memory (
470:(CPU32 aka 68330, 68360 aka
117:7 × 32-bit address registers
7:
3504:. November 1996. p. 90
3289:. 27 March 1989. p. 12
3263:. 13 March 1989. p. 14
2607:
2573:
2113:The Motorola 68020 added a
2024:Address register, e.g. "A0"
696:Low cost EC = No FPU or MMU
658:Low cost EC = No FPU or MMU
57:; 45 years ago
10:
4240:
3612:Howe, Dennis, ed. (1983).
3525:"Chip Law Firms Kept Busy"
3318:. 17 July 1989. p. 20
2577:
2494:
2401:International Meta Systems
2399:In 1992, a company called
2384:were also signed in 1989.
2360:An Arizona-based company,
1983:Causing and responding to
1878:orthogonal instruction set
1704:
1681:
1669:Stack Pointer (user)
1658:
1595:
1524:
18:
4156:
4135:
4119:
4060:
4049:
4045:
4023:
3956:
3932:
3905:
3880:
3828:
3765:
3709:
3693:
3682:
3678:
2295:There was a CPU with the
2158:Bit test and manipulation
2065:Absolute memory location
2032:Simple address, e.g. (A0)
1816:
1804:
1688:
1673:
1665:
1650:
1642:
1634:
1626:
1618:
1610:
1602:
1587:
1579:
1571:
1563:
1555:
1547:
1539:
1531:
683:Dual instruction pipeline
114:8 × 32-bit data registers
110:
103:
93:
81:
69:
51:
41:
31:
2787:"Motorola MC68EC020FG16"
2357:mainframe instructions.
2021:Data register, e.g. "D0"
1397:hardware were named for
288:Control Data Corporation
3934:Memory management units
3694:Industrial control unit
3090:Mueller, Scott (1992).
2338:The Personal Computers
688:address generation unit
647:transcendental function
575:Addressing modes added
263:IRIS workstations, the
231:, the Sun Microsystems
3312:"Arix May Buy Edgcore"
3072:. Priorartdatabase.com
3015:NatAmi Knowledge Forum
3011:"Happy Birthday Arne!"
2971:"M68060 User's Manual"
2902:"M68040 User's Manual"
2390:Little Red Riding Hood
2127:Most instructions are
1966:unconditional branches
1255:
617:Burst Memory Interface
605:memory management unit
293:Device Interface, the
2618:computer bus standard
2507:architecture used in
2366:18 to 24 months’ time
2091:Quick immediate mode
1922:Load and store (MOVE)
1692:Program Counter
1249:
579:and another level of
540:arithmetic logic unit
538:32-bit address &
134:Motorola 68000 series
27:Motorola 68000 series
2328:P5 microarchitecture
2234:improve this section
2182:), RTE (return from
2142:Binary-coded decimal
2106:Plus: access to the
1934:(ASL, ASR, LSL, LSR)
1352:, Sun Microsystems'
807:dual in-line package
748:dual in-line package
693:Low cost LC = No FPU
686:Instructions in the
655:Low cost LC = No FPU
614:Low cost EC = No MMU
483:Freescale DragonBall
4219:68k microprocessors
3590:www.apollo-core.com
3584:Boehn, Gunnar von.
2464:With the advent of
2322:The 4th-generation
1943:(AND, OR, NOT, EOR)
1473:
1344:such as AT&T's
1299:video game consoles
640:floating-point unit
499:Improvement history
28:
3345:. pp. 100–102
3178:. 15 November 1987
2509:IBM PC compatibles
2362:Edge Computer Corp
2029:Register indirect
1990:Exception handling
1471:
1463:operating system.
1301:such as the Apple
1284:radiation-hardened
1282:-based), and even
1256:
635:Six stage pipeline
492:APOLLO CORE 68080
478:Freescale ColdFire
416:Generation three (
165:personal computers
26:
4196:
4195:
4192:
4191:
4041:
4040:
3618:http://foldoc.org
3237:on 11 August 2022
2987:on 23 August 2016
2270:
2269:
2262:
2152:arithmetic shifts
1946:Type conversion (
1914:The 68000 series
1862:
1861:
1858:
1857:
1696:
1695:
1597:Address registers
1461:Motorola VERSAdos
1420:(Mega Drive) and
1350:Model 16/16B/6000
1295:desktop computers
1262:calculators (the
1260:Texas Instruments
1239:
1238:
949:Quad Flat Package
679:Branch prediction
672:10 stage pipeline
440:Generation four (
365:Motorola 68SEC000
282:calculators, the
273:Texas Instruments
267:, computers from
229:Model 16/16B/6000
211:(Mega Drive) and
152:) is a family of
130:
129:
4231:
4224:32-bit computers
4214:68k architecture
4053:Microcontrollers
4047:
4046:
3680:
3679:
3665:
3658:
3651:
3642:
3641:
3600:
3599:
3597:
3596:
3581:
3575:
3574:
3572:
3570:
3547:
3541:
3540:
3538:
3536:
3520:
3514:
3513:
3511:
3509:
3494:
3488:
3487:
3485:
3483:
3467:
3461:
3460:
3458:
3456:
3440:
3434:
3433:
3431:
3429:
3413:
3407:
3406:
3404:
3402:
3387:
3381:
3380:
3378:
3376:
3361:
3355:
3354:
3352:
3350:
3334:
3328:
3327:
3325:
3323:
3308:
3299:
3298:
3296:
3294:
3279:
3273:
3272:
3270:
3268:
3253:
3247:
3246:
3244:
3242:
3223:
3214:
3213:
3211:
3209:
3194:
3188:
3187:
3185:
3183:
3168:
3162:
3161:
3159:
3157:
3142:
3136:
3135:
3133:
3131:
3126:. 27 August 1987
3116:
3110:
3109:
3097:
3087:
3081:
3080:
3078:
3077:
3066:
3060:
3055:
3049:
3048:
3041:
3030:
3029:
3027:
3026:
3017:. Archived from
3007:
2996:
2995:
2993:
2992:
2986:
2980:. Archived from
2975:
2967:
2956:
2955:
2953:
2952:
2938:
2927:
2926:
2924:
2923:
2918:on 17 April 2016
2917:
2911:. Archived from
2906:
2898:
2885:
2884:
2882:
2881:
2867:
2861:
2860:
2849:
2843:
2842:
2831:
2825:
2824:
2822:
2821:
2807:
2801:
2800:
2798:
2797:
2783:
2777:
2776:
2774:
2773:
2759:
2753:
2752:
2750:
2749:
2735:
2729:
2728:
2726:
2725:
2711:
2705:
2704:
2702:
2701:
2687:
2681:
2680:
2673:
2667:
2666:
2664:
2663:
2649:
2643:
2642:
2635:
2586:embedded systems
2568:Silicon Graphics
2480:Magnetic Scrolls
2425:
2421:
2417:
2413:
2406:
2378:Nixdorf Computer
2367:
2265:
2258:
2254:
2251:
2245:
2214:
2206:
2018:Register direct
2012:addressing modes
1941:Logic operations
1702:
1701:
1478:
1477:
1474:
1470:
1456:Quantel Paintbox
1440:Microcontrollers
1370:Silicon Graphics
1305:, the Commodore
1226:
1221:
1194:
1188:
1161:
1156:
1132:
1103:
1098:
1094:
1067:
1062:
1058:
1032:
1027:
1023:
994:
989:
985:
981:
957:
952:
916:
911:
885:
880:
854:
849:
845:
841:
814:
810:
779:
775:
771:
763:
759:
755:
751:
722:Address bus bits
705:
704:
458:Motorola 68LC060
453:Motorola 68EC060
434:Motorola 68LC040
429:Motorola 68EC040
410:Motorola 68EC030
400:Motorola 68EC020
370:Motorola 68HC000
360:Motorola 68EC000
303:embedded systems
261:Silicon Graphics
225:AT&T UNIX PC
187:, the Commodore
65:
63:
58:
29:
25:
4239:
4238:
4234:
4233:
4232:
4230:
4229:
4228:
4199:
4198:
4197:
4188:
4152:
4131:
4115:
4056:
4037:
4019:
3952:
3928:
3901:
3876:
3830:Embedded system
3824:
3761:
3705:
3689:
3674:
3669:
3627:
3609:
3604:
3603:
3594:
3592:
3582:
3578:
3568:
3566:
3564:
3548:
3544:
3534:
3532:
3529:Electronic News
3521:
3517:
3507:
3505:
3496:
3495:
3491:
3481:
3479:
3468:
3464:
3454:
3452:
3441:
3437:
3427:
3425:
3414:
3410:
3400:
3398:
3395:Electronic News
3389:
3388:
3384:
3374:
3372:
3363:
3362:
3358:
3348:
3346:
3335:
3331:
3321:
3319:
3316:Electronic News
3310:
3309:
3302:
3292:
3290:
3287:Electronic News
3281:
3280:
3276:
3266:
3264:
3261:Electronic News
3255:
3254:
3250:
3240:
3238:
3225:
3224:
3217:
3207:
3205:
3196:
3195:
3191:
3181:
3179:
3170:
3169:
3165:
3155:
3153:
3144:
3143:
3139:
3129:
3127:
3118:
3117:
3113:
3106:
3088:
3084:
3075:
3073:
3068:
3067:
3063:
3056:
3052:
3043:
3042:
3033:
3024:
3022:
3009:
3008:
2999:
2990:
2988:
2984:
2973:
2969:
2968:
2959:
2950:
2948:
2940:
2939:
2930:
2921:
2919:
2915:
2904:
2900:
2899:
2888:
2879:
2877:
2869:
2868:
2864:
2851:
2850:
2846:
2833:
2832:
2828:
2819:
2817:
2809:
2808:
2804:
2795:
2793:
2785:
2784:
2780:
2771:
2769:
2761:
2760:
2756:
2747:
2745:
2737:
2736:
2732:
2723:
2721:
2713:
2712:
2708:
2699:
2697:
2689:
2688:
2684:
2679:. 12 July 2015.
2675:
2674:
2670:
2661:
2659:
2651:
2650:
2646:
2637:
2636:
2632:
2627:
2610:
2582:
2576:
2497:
2492:
2484:text adventures
2439:microcontroller
2423:
2419:
2415:
2408:
2404:
2365:
2336:
2320:
2318:Last generation
2266:
2255:
2249:
2246:
2231:
2215:
2204:
2202:68050 and 68070
2165:Multiprocessing
2115:scaled indexing
2108:status register
2083:Immediate mode
1916:instruction set
1792:
1787:
1782:
1777:
1772:
1767:
1762:
1757:
1752:
1747:
1742:
1737:
1732:
1727:
1722:
1717:
1706:Status Register
1683:Program counter
1515:
1507:
1499:
1491:
1483:
1469:
1244:
1224:
1219:
1192:
1186:
1159:
1154:
1130:
1101:
1096:
1092:
1065:
1060:
1056:
1030:
1025:
1021:
992:
987:
983:
979:
955:
946:
914:
909:
883:
878:
852:
847:
843:
839:
812:
804:
777:
773:
765:
761:
757:
753:
745:
703:
645:FPU lacks IEEE
577:scaled indexing
567:multiprocessing
501:
468:Freescale 683XX
336:
326:as part of the
221:Capcom System I
161:microprocessors
136:(also known as
126:
61:
59:
56:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4237:
4227:
4226:
4221:
4216:
4211:
4194:
4193:
4190:
4189:
4187:
4186:
4181:
4176:
4171:
4166:
4160:
4158:
4154:
4153:
4151:
4150:
4149:
4148:
4139:
4137:
4133:
4132:
4130:
4129:
4123:
4121:
4117:
4116:
4114:
4113:
4108:
4103:
4098:
4097:
4096:
4091:
4081:
4076:
4073:
4068:
4064:
4062:
4058:
4057:
4043:
4042:
4039:
4038:
4036:
4035:
4029:
4027:
4021:
4020:
4018:
4017:
4012:
4007:
4002:
3997:
3988:
3983:
3978:
3969:
3963:
3961:
3954:
3953:
3951:
3950:
3945:
3939:
3937:
3930:
3929:
3927:
3926:
3921:
3915:
3913:
3907:Floating-point
3903:
3902:
3900:
3899:
3898:
3897:
3886:
3884:
3878:
3877:
3875:
3874:
3869:
3864:
3859:
3854:
3849:
3844:
3838:
3836:
3826:
3825:
3823:
3822:
3817:
3812:
3807:
3802:
3797:
3792:
3787:
3782:
3777:
3771:
3769:
3763:
3762:
3760:
3759:
3754:
3749:
3744:
3739:
3734:
3733:
3732:
3721:
3715:
3713:
3707:
3706:
3704:
3703:
3697:
3695:
3691:
3690:
3676:
3675:
3668:
3667:
3660:
3653:
3645:
3639:
3638:
3633:
3626:
3625:External links
3623:
3622:
3621:
3608:
3605:
3602:
3601:
3576:
3562:
3542:
3515:
3489:
3462:
3435:
3408:
3382:
3356:
3329:
3300:
3274:
3248:
3215:
3189:
3163:
3137:
3111:
3104:
3082:
3061:
3050:
3031:
2997:
2957:
2928:
2886:
2862:
2844:
2826:
2802:
2778:
2754:
2730:
2706:
2682:
2668:
2644:
2629:
2628:
2626:
2623:
2622:
2621:
2616:, an external
2609:
2606:
2604:, and others.
2578:Main article:
2575:
2572:
2496:
2493:
2491:
2488:
2335:
2334:Other variants
2332:
2319:
2316:
2268:
2267:
2218:
2216:
2209:
2203:
2200:
2199:
2198:
2191:
2187:
2176:
2167:control: TAS,
2162:
2155:
2148:
2145:
2139:
2104:
2103:
2102:
2101:
2098:
2095:
2089:
2088:
2087:
2081:
2080:
2079:
2076:
2069:
2063:
2062:
2061:
2058:
2052:
2051:
2050:
2046:
2045:
2042:
2039:
2036:
2033:
2027:
2026:
2025:
2022:
2004:Motorola 68020
2000:
1999:
1992:
1987:
1981:
1975:
1969:
1959:
1944:
1938:
1935:
1929:
1923:
1909:Motorola 68010
1876:It had a more
1860:
1859:
1856:
1855:
1850:
1845:
1840:
1835:
1830:
1827:
1824:
1821:
1818:
1815:
1812:
1809:
1806:
1803:
1799:
1798:
1796:(bit position)
1793:
1790:
1788:
1785:
1783:
1780:
1778:
1775:
1773:
1770:
1768:
1765:
1763:
1760:
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1755:
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1750:
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1709:
1708:
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1697:
1694:
1693:
1690:
1686:
1685:
1679:
1678:
1675:
1671:
1670:
1667:
1663:
1662:
1660:Stack pointers
1656:
1655:
1652:
1648:
1647:
1644:
1640:
1639:
1636:
1632:
1631:
1628:
1624:
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1620:
1616:
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1557:
1553:
1552:
1549:
1545:
1544:
1541:
1537:
1536:
1533:
1529:
1528:
1526:Data registers
1522:
1521:
1519:(bit position)
1516:
1513:
1511:
1508:
1505:
1503:
1500:
1497:
1495:
1492:
1489:
1487:
1484:
1481:
1468:
1465:
1331:Commodore CDTV
1243:
1240:
1237:
1236:
1233:
1230:
1227:
1222:
1217:
1208:
1205:
1204:
1201:
1198:
1195:
1190:
1184:
1175:
1172:
1171:
1168:
1165:
1162:
1157:
1152:
1147:
1143:
1142:
1139:
1136:
1133:
1128:
1126:
1117:
1114:
1113:
1110:
1107:
1104:
1099:
1090:
1081:
1078:
1077:
1074:
1071:
1068:
1063:
1054:
1049:
1045:
1044:
1039:
1036:
1033:
1028:
1019:
1010:
1007:
1006:
1001:
998:
995:
990:
977:
972:
968:
967:
964:
961:
958:
953:
944:
935:
931:
930:
925:
920:
917:
912:
907:
902:
898:
897:
894:
889:
886:
881:
876:
871:
867:
866:
863:
858:
855:
850:
837:
832:
828:
827:
824:
821:
818:
815:
802:
797:
793:
792:
789:
786:
783:
780:
768:pin grid array
743:
738:
734:
733:
728:
723:
720:
717:
712:
709:
702:
699:
698:
697:
694:
691:
684:
681:
676:
673:
670:
660:
659:
656:
653:
650:
643:
636:
633:
619:
618:
615:
612:
601:
587:
586:
583:
573:
570:
563:
556:
549:
543:
529:
528:
517:
514:
511:
500:
497:
496:
495:
494:
493:
490:
485:
480:
475:
462:
461:
460:
455:
450:
448:Motorola 68060
438:
437:
436:
431:
426:
424:Motorola 68040
414:
413:
412:
407:
405:Motorola 68030
402:
397:
395:Motorola 68020
389:
388:
387:
385:Motorola 68012
382:
380:Motorola 68010
377:
375:Motorola 68008
372:
367:
362:
357:
355:Motorola 68000
335:
334:Family members
332:
324:Apple Computer
257:NeXTcube Turbo
223:(Arcade), the
128:
127:
125:
124:
121:
118:
115:
111:
108:
107:
101:
100:
97:
91:
90:
88:Condition code
85:
79:
78:
73:
67:
66:
53:
49:
48:
43:
39:
38:
33:
21:Motorola 68000
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4236:
4225:
4222:
4220:
4217:
4215:
4212:
4210:
4207:
4206:
4204:
4185:
4182:
4180:
4177:
4175:
4172:
4170:
4167:
4165:
4162:
4161:
4159:
4155:
4147:DSPcontroller
4146:
4145:
4144:
4141:
4140:
4138:
4134:
4128:
4125:
4124:
4122:
4118:
4112:
4109:
4107:
4104:
4102:
4099:
4095:
4092:
4090:
4087:
4086:
4085:
4082:
4080:
4077:
4074:
4072:
4069:
4066:
4065:
4063:
4059:
4055:
4054:
4048:
4044:
4034:
4031:
4030:
4028:
4026:
4022:
4016:
4013:
4011:
4008:
4006:
4003:
4001:
3998:
3996:
3992:
3989:
3987:
3984:
3982:
3979:
3977:
3973:
3970:
3968:
3965:
3964:
3962:
3959:
3955:
3949:
3946:
3944:
3941:
3940:
3938:
3935:
3931:
3925:
3922:
3920:
3917:
3916:
3914:
3911:
3908:
3904:
3896:
3893:
3892:
3891:
3888:
3887:
3885:
3883:
3879:
3873:
3870:
3868:
3865:
3863:
3860:
3858:
3855:
3853:
3850:
3848:
3845:
3843:
3840:
3839:
3837:
3834:
3831:
3827:
3821:
3818:
3816:
3813:
3811:
3808:
3806:
3803:
3801:
3798:
3796:
3793:
3791:
3788:
3786:
3783:
3781:
3778:
3776:
3773:
3772:
3770:
3768:
3764:
3758:
3755:
3753:
3750:
3748:
3745:
3743:
3740:
3738:
3735:
3731:
3727:
3726:
3725:
3722:
3720:
3717:
3716:
3714:
3712:
3708:
3702:
3699:
3698:
3696:
3692:
3688:
3687:
3681:
3677:
3673:
3666:
3661:
3659:
3654:
3652:
3647:
3646:
3643:
3637:
3634:
3632:
3629:
3628:
3619:
3615:
3611:
3610:
3591:
3587:
3580:
3565:
3563:0-312-29408-5
3559:
3555:
3554:
3546:
3530:
3526:
3519:
3503:
3499:
3493:
3477:
3473:
3466:
3450:
3446:
3439:
3423:
3419:
3412:
3396:
3392:
3386:
3370:
3366:
3360:
3344:
3340:
3333:
3317:
3313:
3307:
3305:
3288:
3284:
3283:"Data Topics"
3278:
3262:
3258:
3252:
3236:
3232:
3228:
3222:
3220:
3203:
3199:
3193:
3177:
3173:
3167:
3151:
3147:
3141:
3125:
3121:
3115:
3107:
3105:0-88022-856-3
3101:
3096:
3095:
3086:
3071:
3065:
3059:
3054:
3046:
3040:
3038:
3036:
3021:on 2011-06-13
3020:
3016:
3012:
3006:
3004:
3002:
2983:
2979:
2978:freescale.com
2972:
2966:
2964:
2962:
2947:
2943:
2937:
2935:
2933:
2914:
2910:
2909:freescale.com
2903:
2897:
2895:
2893:
2891:
2876:
2872:
2866:
2858:
2854:
2848:
2840:
2836:
2830:
2816:
2812:
2806:
2792:
2788:
2782:
2768:
2764:
2758:
2744:
2740:
2734:
2720:
2716:
2710:
2696:
2692:
2686:
2678:
2672:
2658:
2654:
2648:
2640:
2634:
2630:
2619:
2615:
2612:
2611:
2605:
2603:
2599:
2595:
2591:
2587:
2581:
2571:
2569:
2565:
2561:
2557:
2553:
2549:
2545:
2540:
2537:
2533:
2529:
2525:
2521:
2517:
2514:
2510:
2506:
2502:
2487:
2485:
2481:
2477:
2475:
2471:
2467:
2462:
2460:
2456:
2452:
2448:
2444:
2440:
2435:
2433:
2429:
2412:
2402:
2397:
2395:
2391:
2385:
2383:
2379:
2375:
2371:
2363:
2358:
2356:
2352:
2348:
2345:
2341:
2331:
2329:
2325:
2315:
2313:
2309:
2306:
2302:
2298:
2293:
2291:
2287:
2283:
2278:
2274:
2264:
2261:
2253:
2243:
2239:
2235:
2229:
2228:
2224:
2219:This section
2217:
2213:
2208:
2207:
2196:
2192:
2188:
2185:
2181:
2177:
2174:
2170:
2166:
2163:
2161:respectively.
2159:
2156:
2153:
2149:
2146:
2143:
2140:
2136:
2135:
2134:
2132:
2131:
2125:
2122:
2120:
2116:
2111:
2109:
2099:
2096:
2093:
2092:
2090:
2085:
2084:
2082:
2077:
2074:
2070:
2067:
2066:
2064:
2059:
2056:
2055:
2053:
2048:
2047:
2043:
2040:
2037:
2034:
2031:
2030:
2028:
2023:
2020:
2019:
2017:
2016:
2015:
2013:
2010:The standard
2008:
2005:
1997:
1993:
1991:
1988:
1986:
1982:
1979:
1976:
1973:
1970:
1967:
1963:
1960:
1957:
1953:
1949:
1945:
1942:
1939:
1936:
1933:
1930:
1927:
1924:
1921:
1920:
1919:
1917:
1912:
1910:
1906:
1901:
1899:
1893:
1891:
1890:stack pointer
1887:
1882:
1879:
1874:
1871:
1867:
1854:
1851:
1849:
1846:
1844:
1841:
1839:
1836:
1834:
1831:
1828:
1825:
1822:
1819:
1813:
1810:
1807:
1801:
1800:
1797:
1794:
1789:
1784:
1779:
1774:
1769:
1764:
1759:
1754:
1749:
1744:
1739:
1734:
1729:
1724:
1719:
1714:
1711:
1710:
1707:
1703:
1700:
1699:
1691:
1687:
1684:
1680:
1676:
1672:
1668:
1664:
1661:
1657:
1653:
1649:
1645:
1641:
1637:
1633:
1629:
1625:
1621:
1617:
1613:
1609:
1605:
1601:
1598:
1594:
1590:
1586:
1582:
1578:
1574:
1570:
1566:
1562:
1558:
1554:
1550:
1546:
1542:
1538:
1534:
1530:
1527:
1523:
1520:
1517:
1512:
1509:
1504:
1501:
1496:
1493:
1488:
1485:
1480:
1479:
1476:
1475:
1464:
1462:
1457:
1451:
1449:
1445:
1441:
1437:
1434:
1430:
1426:
1423:
1419:
1414:
1412:
1408:
1402:
1400:
1395:
1390:
1386:
1381:
1379:
1375:
1371:
1367:
1366:NeXT Computer
1363:
1359:
1355:
1351:
1347:
1343:
1339:
1336:
1332:
1328:
1324:
1320:
1316:
1312:
1308:
1304:
1300:
1296:
1291:
1289:
1288:Space Shuttle
1285:
1281:
1277:
1273:
1269:
1265:
1261:
1253:
1248:
1234:
1231:
1228:
1223:
1218:
1216:
1214:
1209:
1207:
1206:
1202:
1199:
1196:
1191:
1189:, 208-pin QFP
1185:
1183:
1181:
1176:
1174:
1173:
1169:
1166:
1163:
1158:
1153:
1151:
1148:
1145:
1144:
1140:
1137:
1134:
1129:
1127:
1125:
1123:
1118:
1116:
1115:
1111:
1108:
1105:
1100:
1091:
1089:
1087:
1082:
1080:
1079:
1075:
1072:
1069:
1064:
1055:
1053:
1050:
1047:
1046:
1043:
1040:
1037:
1034:
1029:
1020:
1018:
1016:
1011:
1009:
1008:
1005:
1002:
999:
996:
991:
978:
976:
973:
970:
969:
965:
962:
959:
954:
950:
945:
943:
941:
936:
933:
932:
929:
926:
924:
921:
918:
913:
908:
906:
903:
900:
899:
895:
893:
890:
887:
882:
877:
875:
872:
869:
868:
864:
862:
859:
856:
851:
838:
836:
833:
830:
829:
825:
822:
819:
816:
808:
803:
801:
798:
795:
794:
790:
787:
784:
781:
769:
749:
744:
742:
739:
736:
735:
732:
729:
727:
724:
721:
718:
716:
713:
710:
707:
706:
695:
692:
689:
685:
682:
680:
677:
674:
671:
668:
667:
666:
664:
657:
654:
651:
648:
644:
641:
637:
634:
631:
627:
626:
625:
623:
616:
613:
610:
606:
602:
599:
595:
594:
593:
591:
584:
582:
578:
574:
571:
568:
564:
561:
557:
554:
550:
548:
544:
541:
537:
536:
535:
533:
526:
522:
518:
515:
512:
509:
508:
507:
505:
491:
489:
488:Philips 68070
486:
484:
481:
479:
476:
473:
469:
466:
465:
463:
459:
456:
454:
451:
449:
446:
445:
443:
439:
435:
432:
430:
427:
425:
422:
421:
419:
415:
411:
408:
406:
403:
401:
398:
396:
393:
392:
390:
386:
383:
381:
378:
376:
373:
371:
368:
366:
363:
361:
358:
356:
353:
352:
350:
346:
342:
338:
337:
331:
329:
325:
321:
317:
314:
310:
306:
304:
300:
299:Space Shuttle
296:
292:
289:
285:
281:
277:
274:
270:
266:
262:
258:
254:
250:
246:
245:NeXT Computer
242:
238:
234:
230:
226:
222:
218:
214:
210:
206:
202:
198:
194:
190:
186:
182:
178:
174:
170:
166:
162:
158:
155:
151:
147:
143:
139:
135:
122:
119:
116:
113:
112:
109:
106:
102:
98:
96:
92:
89:
86:
84:
80:
77:
74:
72:
68:
54:
50:
47:
44:
40:
37:
34:
30:
22:
4179:PowerPC 5000
4052:
3910:coprocessors
3767:68000 family
3766:
3730:Hitachi 6309
3685:
3613:
3607:Bibliography
3593:. Retrieved
3589:
3579:
3567:. Retrieved
3552:
3545:
3533:. Retrieved
3531:. p. 24
3528:
3518:
3506:. Retrieved
3501:
3492:
3480:. Retrieved
3478:. p. 36
3475:
3465:
3453:. Retrieved
3451:. p. 38
3448:
3438:
3426:. Retrieved
3424:. p. 36
3421:
3411:
3399:. Retrieved
3394:
3385:
3373:. Retrieved
3368:
3359:
3347:. Retrieved
3342:
3332:
3320:. Retrieved
3315:
3291:. Retrieved
3286:
3277:
3265:. Retrieved
3260:
3251:
3239:. Retrieved
3235:the original
3231:Tech Monitor
3230:
3206:. Retrieved
3201:
3192:
3180:. Retrieved
3176:Tech Monitor
3175:
3166:
3154:. Retrieved
3149:
3140:
3128:. Retrieved
3124:Tech Monitor
3123:
3114:
3093:
3085:
3074:. Retrieved
3064:
3053:
3023:. Retrieved
3019:the original
3014:
2989:. Retrieved
2982:the original
2977:
2949:. Retrieved
2945:
2920:. Retrieved
2913:the original
2908:
2878:. Retrieved
2874:
2865:
2856:
2847:
2838:
2829:
2818:. Retrieved
2814:
2805:
2794:. Retrieved
2790:
2781:
2770:. Retrieved
2766:
2757:
2746:. Retrieved
2742:
2733:
2722:. Retrieved
2718:
2709:
2698:. Retrieved
2694:
2685:
2671:
2660:. Retrieved
2656:
2647:
2633:
2583:
2498:
2478:
2463:
2436:
2398:
2386:
2359:
2337:
2321:
2294:
2279:
2275:
2271:
2256:
2250:October 2013
2247:
2232:Please help
2220:
2194:
2169:test-and-set
2128:
2126:
2123:
2112:
2105:
2009:
2001:
1955:
1932:Bit shifting
1913:
1902:
1894:
1883:
1875:
1863:
1852:
1795:
1705:
1682:
1659:
1596:
1525:
1518:
1467:Architecture
1452:
1438:
1433:Atari Jaguar
1418:Sega Genesis
1415:
1403:
1382:
1338:workstations
1327:Atari Jaguar
1292:
1257:
1252:Sega Genesis
1212:
1179:
1121:
1085:
1014:
939:
754:64-pin SPDIP
661:
620:
588:
555:of 256 bytes
551:Instruction
545:Three stage
530:
502:
351:interfaces)
328:AIM alliance
307:
227:, the Tandy
217:Philips CD-i
209:Sega Genesis
205:Atari Jaguar
183:, the Sharp
169:workstations
149:
145:
141:
137:
133:
131:
3711:6800 family
3369:Electronics
3343:Electronics
3202:UNIX Review
2490:Competitors
2428:PowerPC 615
2420:30 MHz
2416:25 MHz
2353:to emulate
2119:indirection
2073:hexadecimal
1962:Conditional
1429:Sega Saturn
1389:LaserWriter
1311:Sinclair QL
1220:206-pin PGA
1187:206-pin PGA
1155:206-pin PGA
1097:184-pin QFP
1061:184-pin QFP
1057:179-pin PGA
1026:128-pin PGA
1022:132-pin QFP
988:128-pin PGA
980:132-pin QFP
910:114-pin PGA
844:68-pin PLCC
813:52-pin PLCC
762:68-pin CLCC
758:68-pin PLCC
701:Feature map
581:indirection
442:superscalar
253:NeXTstation
193:Sinclair QL
4203:Categories
4174:PowerQUICC
4005:PowerQUICC
3820:DragonBall
3728:see also:
3686:Processors
3595:2017-09-29
3375:18 October
3198:"Currents"
3076:2020-07-23
3025:2024-06-07
2991:2010-07-28
2951:2012-11-22
2922:2007-05-08
2880:2012-11-17
2820:2012-11-17
2796:2012-11-17
2772:2012-12-17
2748:2012-11-17
2724:2012-11-17
2700:2012-11-17
2662:2012-11-17
2625:References
2459:DragonBall
2424:$ 50 to 60
2180:subroutine
2173:semaphores
1985:interrupts
1972:Subroutine
1956:vice versa
1926:Arithmetic
1898:carry flag
1674:A7' / SSP
1654:Address 6
1646:Address 5
1638:Address 4
1630:Address 3
1622:Address 2
1614:Address 1
1606:Address 0
1394:Linotronic
1385:PostScript
1348:, Tandy's
1323:Neo Geo CD
1317:, the SNK
1276:Palm Pilot
1272:Voyage 200
915:12.5–33.33
879:84-pin PGA
848:68-pin PGA
840:64-pin DIP
778:68-pin QFP
774:64-pin QFP
284:Palm Pilot
95:Endianness
52:Introduced
4120:16/32-bit
4067:6801/6803
4015:PPC e6500
4000:PPC e5500
3835:-variants
2946:CPU-World
2875:CPU-World
2857:CPU-World
2839:CPU-World
2815:CPU-World
2791:CPU-World
2767:CPU-World
2743:CPU-World
2719:CPU-World
2695:CPU-World
2657:CPU-World
2548:Macintosh
2409:100
2394:Arix Corp
2351:microcode
2221:does not
2184:exception
1886:registers
1666:A7 / USP
1378:Atari TOS
1303:Macintosh
1242:Main uses
560:alignment
418:pipelined
265:Aesthedes
181:Macintosh
105:Registers
83:Branching
4143:DSP568xx
3991:PPC 74xx
3986:PPC e500
3967:PPC e200
3815:ColdFire
3150:Computer
2608:See also
2574:Embedded
2570:(SGI)).
2546:for the
2457:and the
2451:ColdFire
2432:Meta6000
2418:486 and
2405:IMS 3250
2370:Olivetti
1448:ColdFire
1399:Cold War
1315:Atari ST
947:100-pin
638:On-chip
603:On-chip
547:pipeline
527:variant)
309:Motorola
269:MASSCOMP
259:, early
249:NeXTcube
197:Atari ST
36:Motorola
32:Designer
3981:PPC 7xx
3972:PPC 6xx
3958:PowerPC
3895:MC88110
3890:MC88100
3872:68LC060
3867:68EC060
3862:68LC040
3857:68EC040
3852:68EC030
3847:68EC020
3842:68EC000
3569:12 June
3535:12 June
3508:12 June
3482:12 June
3455:12 June
3428:12 June
3156:18 June
2590:PowerPC
2544:PowerPC
2539:Pentium
2495:Desktop
2449:), the
2382:Hitachi
2312:Philips
2305:Philips
2290:PowerPC
2242:removed
2227:sources
1802:
1712:
1591:Data 7
1583:Data 6
1575:Data 5
1567:Data 4
1559:Data 3
1551:Data 2
1543:Data 1
1535:Data 0
1425:Neo Geo
1346:UNIX PC
1342:servers
956:16.7–25
853:8–16.67
817:8–16.67
805:48-pin
766:68-pin
746:64-pin
715:Package
649:ability
607:(MMU) (
569:ability
519:2
464:Others
313:PowerPC
213:Sega CD
159:(CISC)
60: (
4169:MPC5xx
4164:M·CORE
4157:32-bit
4136:24-bit
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