355:
750:(chief class) do not use masks. Masks in initiations and funerals is typical of all the Voltaic or Gur-speaking peoples, including the Nyonyose, Lela, Winiama, Nouna, Bwaba, and Dogon. Masks appear at burials to observe on behalf of the ancestors that proper procedures are carried out. They appear at funeral or memorial services held at regular intervals over the few years after an elder has died. Masks attend to honor the deceased and to verify that the spirit of the deceased merits admission into the world of ancestors. Without a proper funeral, the spirit remains near the home and causes trouble for his/her descendants.
508:
690:
55:
442:
201:
735:
453:(“people of power”; sing. Nakoambga), who all are from the family of the Mogho Naaba, whether they be brothers, sisters, cousins, or otherwise. All dignitaries come from the Mogho Naaba's family. The Nakomse are often assigned territories in the kingdom as governorships and rule in the name of the Mogho Naaba. As in the past, the Mogho Naaba needs the support of the “ancient ones”, his
718:, with her. The Moro Naba had to decide whether to follow her and retrieve his sacred power objects or to remain behind to rule over his people. Three times he left his palace to mount a white horse, and three times he returned to the palace. In the end he did not pursue his sister, and to this day the kings of Yatenga claim that they hold the power of Mossi rule.
680:
Hierarchy is a fundamental concept for the Mossi and pervasive in their culture. The family is organised like a kingdom with its king — the husband and father, his advisor — the wife, and the people — the children. Aunts and uncles play a role by helping in the education and raising of
515:
They constitute the larger part of the population and are all subjects of the emperor. These two groups are generally fused but have internal subdivisions, each one having its own ruling family; they perform ceremonies and other important events. Mossi people often identify with groups; hence, at all
411:
It is a mistake to describe a "Nyonyosé tribe" or the "art of the
Nyonyosé" because the Nyonyose do not exist outside Mossi society. All Nyonyosé are Mossi. At the same time, it is a mistake to assume that all segments of Mossi society are culturally identical, for the differences between the Nakomsé
345:
script, the Mossi people's history has largely been kept by oral tradition. This means it is impossible to assign precise origin dates. Nevertheless, historians assign the beginning of their existence as a state to the 11th century. The Mossi were able to conquer a vast amounts of territory thanks to
721:
The political segment of Mossi society, the
Nakomse (sing. Nakoambga), use art to validate their rule. Bridles, saddles, stirrups and other objects associated with the horse are very important. In addition, Mossi chiefs use carved wooden figures to represent their royal ancestors. These figures are
667:
does not exist in traditional Mossi culture: one's actions and behaviors are always taken to be characteristics of one's family. They must always ask an elder in order to do something. As a result, all are expected to act in their family's name; thus, the family is the smallest entity in the Mossi
638:
Ancestors are believed to have reached a better world from which they can influence life on earth. They can help or punish their descendants depending on their behavior. Ancestors are also the judges that have the power to allow a descendant to enter the "pantheon of the ancestors". If an ancestor
403:
The Mossi people have organised their society in an original hierarchic process in which family and state are the key elements. The Mossi people are very heterogeneous. When horsemen invaded from the south they created a political or ruling class, called
Nakomse (sing. Nakoambga), and a spiritual
639:
chooses to deny entrance, the soul of the disavowed one is condemned to run at random for all eternity. Because of these beliefs, Mossi swear by their ancestors or by the land; when they do so (which only occurs in extreme situations), it is more than symbolic — it is a call to imminent justice.
647:
Land is related to the ancestors, being a path by which one can access the ancestors. Even today, this notion gives a unique value to land in Mossi thought. Land is considered to be much more than simple dust and has a spiritual dimension to it. A Mossi's life depends on his/her land, and it is
535:
and not a missionary, representative of a
European company, or military. He describes a court much like a European one (he may have an anti-aristocratic bias) with nobles in intrigues over commerce, power and industry. This report alone caused disbelief in Europe as no European source had ever
476:
class. These people use figures as political art to validate their rule over the peoples they conquered. The descendants of the ancient farming peoples who had occupied the land from the beginning of time and who, by right of first occupation, were and are the owners of the land are called the
372:. Despite colonization, the Mogho Naaba was given some authority over the Mossi during the French colonial period. He is consulted today for crucial decisions, especially those affecting the destiny of society. Two great events have affected the status of the Mogho Naaba during colonization:
37:
407:
The origins of the
Nyonyose are diverse: In the north their ancestors were Dogon and Kurumba, in the southwest their ancestors were Lela, Nuna, Sisala and others, and in the far east they were Gurmantche. These people were united into a new ethnicity called Mossi in about 1500.
346:
their mastering of the horse, created a prosperous empire, and kept peace in the region until the Mossi
Kingdoms were conquered by the French. The expansion of the Mossi empire was stopped in the 19th century with the initiation of intensive colonisation by the French.
227:
basin. The Mossi are the largest ethnic group in
Burkina Faso, constituting 52% of the population, or about 11.1 million people. The other 48% of Burkina Faso's population is composed of more than 60 ethnic groups, mainly the
784:. In the old days only the northern Nyonyose in Yatenga and Kaya, and the eastern people around Boulsa allowed their masks to be photographed. The people in the southwest forbade photography because it did not conform to the
697:
Ceremonies and celebrations pace the life of Mossi people, with each celebration having its particulars. Through them the community expresses joy or suffering, or simply fulfills duties to the memory of the ancestors.
412:
and the
Tengabisi are striking; only the Tengabisi use masks, and only the Nakomsé use figures in the context of political celebrations. The Nakomse are the political class, and the Tengabisi are the spiritual class.
629:
According to the explanations of Marie
Tapsoba, the former Cultural Counsellor at Burkina Embassy in Senegal and Mossi herself, Mossi culture can be divided into four main values characteristic of the ethnic group.
777:
Female masks have two pairs of round mirrors for eyes; small masks, representing Yali ("the child") have two vertical horns. All
Nyonyose masks are worn with thick costumes made of the fiber of the wild hemp,
322:
in the Upper East Region of Ghana. The story has it that while exploring her kingdom on horseback, she lost her way and was rescued by Rialé, a solitary Mandé hunter. They got married and gave birth to a son,
426:
The highest position in Mossi society is that of the Mogho Naaba, who is given executive power. The Mogho Naaba's role is to rule the entire population and to protect the kingdom. Today, he lives in
544:
published by Hutchinson & Co., produced some racist comments he thought necessary to conform with English sensitivities — otherwise he believed no Englishman would consider the book realistic.
536:
considered Africans to be socially like Europeans. The lack of racism in Frobenius' report and his discovery of an industrious people and what some would describe as a glorious past interested
1649:
1574:
1254:
819:). Each Nyonyose family has its own mask, and they are charged with protecting the masks to this day. Masks are very sacred and are a link to the spirits of ancestors and of nature.
555:
This was at a time when many African countries were gaining independence, and Skinner strongly made the point that African peoples were very clearly qualified to govern themselves.
1547:
969:
1475:
1361:
939:
812:
714:
derives from an event when the Moro Naba's sister fled north to the land of Yadega, the kingdom called Yatenga. As she fled north, she carried all of the amulets of power, or
1877:
1439:
1373:
1505:
531:
was told was the appropriate term for the emperor of Mossi at Wagadugu when he visited the country in 1904–6. His is one of the few disinterested reports as he was an
1266:
1871:
1308:
1092:
1643:
404:
class called Tengabisi. All chiefs come from the ruling class. The Tengabisi include Saya (smiths), Nyonyose (farmers), Yarse (weavers and merchants), and others.
2578:
1985:
1847:
1041:
808:
1616:
1553:
1499:
1350:
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1883:
852:
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The dance company of Andemtenga in action during the Nakoobo ceremony of the Mossi chief Naaaba Zomb Wobgo at Andemtenga, province Kouritenga, Burkina Faso
468:
Mossi society is divided vertically into two major segments: the descendants of the horsemen who conquered the peoples on the Mossi plateau are called the
927:
759:, the faux kapokier. They are carved in three major styles that correspond to the styles of the ancient people who were conquered in 1500 by the invading
672:
is patrilineal, passed down from a father to his sons. However, when a man has no sons, women can inherit from their husbands and even from their father.
1865:
888:
1733:
1721:
1628:
1206:
1098:
1751:
2741:
1823:
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belonging to the Niger–Congo family. In the language there are a few dialects based mainly on region. For example, there is a dialect spoken in
1284:
376:
During the initial phase of the French invasion, he retired to the Mamprusi kingdom with which the Mossi have always kept brotherly relations.
2194:
799:, the small antelope; Wan pelega, the large antelope, and many others. Masks from all three areas appear at annual public festivals such as
2545:
1224:
284:. In 2022, the estimated population of Burkina Faso was 20M+, over 11M of which are Mossi. Another 2 million Mossi live in CĂ´te d'Ivoire.
2571:
2003:
1137:
894:
520:
in Mossi society. In everyday life, the family hierarchy is most important, and family is often directly associated with the notion of
2430:
770:
In the southwest masks represent animals such as antelope, bush buffalo, and strange creatures, and are painted red, white and black.
2527:
2521:
3092:
2564:
3097:
264:
The Mossi people originated in Burkina Faso, although significant numbers of Mossi live in neighboring countries, including
2734:
2079:
746:(the ancient farmers and spiritual segment of Mossi society) use masks in their religious observances and rituals. The
2229:
1517:
1592:
800:
563:
Group identity and values within the Mossi and contrasted against other ethnic groups are tied first and foremost to
957:
1457:
1529:
1523:
1332:
3102:
2750:
2727:
660:
2418:
Tapsoba, Marie (April 3, 2006). "Significant values of Mossi and Traditional and Cultural Events" (Interview).
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1104:
3087:
123:
1679:
1493:
391:. They constituted part of the corps in the military troops of French West Africa, known in French as the
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2164:
1481:
1397:
1391:
1176:
3036:
1598:
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1433:
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when the heads of each household in the community reaffirm their allegiance and loyalty to the chief.
2497:
1781:
2305:"African colonial soldiers, memories and imagining migration in Senegal in the twenty-first century"
3051:
1451:
3046:
2206:
2154:
1943:
1344:
2438:
1541:
951:
618:
1778:, pioneer of 'zai' farming technique and winner of numerous international environmental awards
1469:
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1379:
993:
1580:
1415:
1356:
1326:
1314:
1047:
773:
In the east, around Boulsa, masks have tall posts above the face to which fiber is attached.
507:
1991:
1023:
987:
2442:
1799:
1604:
1487:
1463:
1427:
1409:
1296:
1260:
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The Mossi and several other peoples played a significant role in France's military during
8:
2653:
2074:
1961:
1853:
1805:
1763:
906:
780:
253:
1949:
1937:
1904:
1811:
1715:
1445:
1242:
269:
2328:
2202:
2159:
2009:
1967:
1769:
1703:
1559:
1385:
1338:
945:
711:
585:, of the Western Oti-Volta group of languages, northwestern sub-group. It is spoken in
548:
481:(“people of the earth”). These Tengabisi can be further divided into groups of smiths (
1931:
1925:
1913:
1757:
1320:
1182:
918:
876:
2893:
2332:
1745:
1709:
1622:
1248:
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in Frobenius' other writings on Africa. Rudolf Blind's translation in English of the
319:
307:
2131:
1898:
1421:
1149:
1080:
1053:
999:
933:
858:
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576:
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The fast-moving Mossi cavalry once dominated large areas of what is now Burkina Faso
99:
2318:
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1775:
1565:
1403:
1367:
1194:
1170:
1125:
1005:
882:
840:
1919:
1535:
1188:
1059:
870:
864:
3056:
2960:
2940:
2678:
2069:
2015:
1787:
1727:
1673:
1637:
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1302:
1035:
1029:
963:
900:
755:
136:
2556:
2279:
2099:
1997:
1979:
1685:
1113:
689:
609:), another distinct dialect in the northern region, a third in the southeast in
3041:
3021:
2920:
2861:
2856:
2814:
2693:
2648:
2618:
2613:
2126:
2109:
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2033:
1841:
1835:
1793:
1739:
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1667:
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1278:
1119:
1065:
1011:
537:
532:
293:
229:
192:
182:
140:
103:
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2304:
2045:
1086:
1071:
3076:
3026:
2965:
2950:
2888:
2824:
2804:
2799:
2779:
2688:
2668:
2366:
The Mossi of the Upper Volta: The Political Development of a Sudanese People,
2104:
2094:
2057:
2051:
2039:
1655:
1272:
981:
664:
598:
553:
The Mossi of the Upper Volta: The Political Development of a Sudanese People.
551:, who wrote at length about the sophistication of Mossi political systems in
528:
233:
213:
148:
2253:
1973:
200:
3061:
3031:
3006:
2955:
2945:
2913:
2908:
2903:
2898:
2866:
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2834:
2829:
2769:
2764:
2708:
2698:
2643:
2638:
2633:
2623:
2598:
2089:
2021:
1955:
1829:
1218:
1164:
1143:
846:
834:
767:
In the north masks are vertical planks with a round concave or convex face.
586:
431:
388:
380:
342:
336:
245:
220:
216:
144:
119:
78:
60:
3011:
2985:
2841:
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2603:
2027:
1892:
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1610:
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1200:
1017:
707:
594:
427:
368:
249:
241:
237:
224:
83:
465:
are the peoples who lived in Mossi-controlled regions before the Mossi.
441:
2975:
2881:
2871:
2608:
2378:
2084:
1290:
1212:
828:
606:
421:
362:
French rule affected Mossi society and weakened the power of the Mossi
311:
2114:
669:
614:
521:
517:
324:
430:, the historical capital of the Mossi Empire and present capital of
2970:
2930:
2925:
2876:
2851:
2658:
2470:. Department of Art History, The University of Iowa. Archived from
564:
303:
292:
According to oral tradition, the Mossi come from the marriage of a
495:). Generally the smiths and the traders do not use masks, but the
297:
2935:
2663:
1817:
610:
602:
547:
An important contribution was made in the 1960s by the historian
363:
684:
656:
434:. Though the political dynamic of the country has changed, the
36:
499:
are the principal makers and users of masks in Mossi society.
2809:
2789:
2784:
2703:
590:
487:
315:
273:
265:
115:
87:
734:
613:, different from a fourth dialect in the same region called
2990:
2980:
438:
is recognised by his people and has substantial authority.
281:
277:
204:
Map of Burkina Faso; the Mossi primarily in the pink area.
2431:"Mossi Political Art: Royal Figures for the Ruling Elite"
472:, and all Mossi Napa's (kings) come exclusively from the
659:
is an essential cultural element of the Mossi, who hold
341:
Though Mossi records exist, primarily written using the
2280:"Mossi states | historical empire, Africa | Britannica"
617:. Despite these regional differences, the dialects are
2230:"The Rise & Fall of The Powerful Mossi Kingdoms"
1934:, former President of Burkina Faso from 1960 to 1966
1670:, former President of Burkina Faso from 1983 to 1987
921:, former President of Burkina Faso from 1987 to 2014
597:. This language group is part of a larger grouping,
791:Mask characters include Balinga, the Fulani woman;
327:, who is recognised as the father of Mossi people.
502:
2586:
805:Salon international de l’Artisanat de Ouagadougou
3074:
2400:. Lanham, Maryland: University Press of America.
398:
1329:, Burkinabè Roman Catholic Archbishop of Maradi
558:
722:displayed each year at royal festivals called
415:
2735:
2572:
2395:
1511:Paul Yemboaro Ouédraogo, Burkinabè archbishop
1155:Arzouma Aime Kompaoré, Burkinabè screenwriter
633:
379:In 1896, the Mogho Naaba accepted the French
2149:
2147:
685:Traditional and cultural holidays and events
461:) subjects to fully exercise his power. The
449:Second to the Mogho Naaba come the nobles,
2749:
2742:
2728:
2579:
2565:
2317:(3). Cambridge University Press: 518–538.
491:) and, most important, groups of farmers (
35:
2413:
2411:
2409:
2407:
2322:
2144:
763:and integrated into a new Mossi society:
733:
688:
506:
440:
353:
199:
2417:
2345:
2193:Roy, Christopher D. (August 18, 2006).
2188:
2186:
2184:
2182:
2060:, former Prime Minister of Burkina Faso
1634:Stéphane Pognongo, Burkinabè footballer
1583:, former Prime Minister of Burkina Faso
1460:, former Prime Minister of Burkina Faso
822:
3075:
2404:
2302:
306:was a warrior princess, daughter of a
2723:
2560:
2377:
2246:
1514:Peggy Ouedraogo, Burkinabè journalist
648:essential for the family settlement.
2522:Detailed descriptions of Mossi masks
2227:
2179:
753:Masks are carved of the wood of the
701:
72:Regions with significant populations
2368:Stanford, Stanford University Press
2192:
1988:, Burkinabè military chief of staff
978:, Current président of Burkina Faso
924:Issouf Compaoré, Burkinabè musician
13:
2534:
2396:Bendor-Samuel, J.T ., ed. (1989).
1910:Hamidou Yaméogo, Burkinabè cyclist
1571:Sibidou Ouédraogo, Burkinabè actor
1436:, former president of Burkina Faso
1122:, former President of Burkina Faso
1110:Salimata Kaboré, Burkinabè painter
1107:, former President of Burkina Faso
801:International Art & Craft Fair
624:
14:
3119:
2515:
2354:] (in French). Paris: Larose.
2254:"Sculptures sur Granit de Laongo"
570:
817:Les Nuits Atypiques de Koudougou
511:Arrival of a band of Mossi, 1892
53:
2486:
2456:
2428:
2422:
2389:
2303:Mourre, Martin (17 July 2018).
1556:, Burkinabè priest and musician
1077:Karim Kaboré, Burkinabè cyclist
503:Craftsmen and ordinary citizens
349:
330:
2371:
2358:
2339:
2296:
2272:
2221:
2199:Art and Life in Africa Project
1646:, Burkinabè film administrator
958:Christophe Joseph Marie Dabiré
729:
318:. Gbewaa's tomb is located in
1:
3093:Ethnic groups in Burkina Faso
2588:Ethnic groups in Burkina Faso
2542:Art of the Upper Volta Rivers
2437:. Department of Art History,
2137:
1922:, Burkinabè basketball player
1568:, Burkinabè basketball player
1466:, former Burkinabè footballer
1255:Jacqueline Marie Zaba Nikiéma
1167:, French mixed martial artist
788:, the path of the ancestors.
399:Organization of Mossi society
3098:Ethnic groups in Ivory Coast
2012:, Burkinabè military officer
1928:, Burkinabè football manager
1370:, Burkinabè nun and activist
1197:, Ivorian-Burkinabè musician
996:, Burkinabè military officer
813:Atypical Nights of Koudougou
675:
559:Language and cultural values
445:Naaba Zomb Wobgo, Andemtenga
16:Ethnic group of Burkina Faso
7:
2165:Central Intelligence Agency
2120:
1868:, Burkinabè cinematographer
1650:bènéwendé Stanislas Sankara
1424:, Burkinabè javelin thrower
1388:, French rugby union player
1203:, former President of Benin
970:Noellie Marie bèatri Damiba
416:Mogho Naaba and the Nakomse
10:
3124:
2494:"Scanned photos catalogue"
2000:, Ivorian football manager
1476:Mahamadou Lamine Ouédraogo
1233:, King of the Mossi people
1215:, Burkinabè football coach
1105:Roch Marc Christian Kaboré
976:Paul-Henri Sandaogo Damiba
634:Attitude towards ancestors
574:
419:
334:
314:, of present-day northern
296:princess, Yennenga, and a
287:
259:
2999:
2757:
2594:
2398:The Niger-Congo Languages
2324:10.1017/S0001972018000207
1946:, Burkinabè film director
1889:Wendy, Burkinabè musician
1577:, Burkinabè film director
1575:Tahirou Tasséré Ouédraogo
1496:, Burkinabè mathematician
1494:Marie Françoise Ouedraogo
1062:, Burkinabè film director
651:
188:
178:
168:
158:
135:
130:
114:
109:
98:
93:
76:
71:
65:1.2 million Cote d'Ivoire
51:
46:
34:
27:
3052:Gold Coast Euro-Africans
2553:. Munich: Prestel, 2007.
2551:Land of the Flying Masks
2544:. Meudon: Chaffin, 1987
1530:Rabaki Jérémie Ouédraogo
1376:, Burkinabè intellectual
1333:Angèle Bassolé-Ouédraogo
1179:, Burkinabè archeologist
2346:Tauxier, Louis (1917).
1593:Titinga Frédéric Pacéré
1454:, Burkinabè sociologist
1442:, Burkinabe sociologist
1434:Jean-Baptiste Ouédraogo
1362:Bachir Ismaël Ouédraogo
940:Simporé Simone Compaoré
642:
3103:Ethnic groups in Ghana
2751:Ethnic groups in Ghana
2439:The University of Iowa
2054:, Burkinabè journalist
2048:, Burkinabè footballer
2042:, Burkinabè footballer
2036:, Burkinabè footballer
2030:, Burkinabè politician
2018:, Burkinabè footballer
1982:, Burkinabè footballer
1958:, Burkinabè footballer
1952:, Burkinabè politician
1940:, Burkinabè footballer
1916:, Burkinabè politician
1901:, Burkinabè footballer
1895:, Burkinabè footballer
1874:, Burkinabè footballer
1856:, Burkinabè footballer
1844:, Burkinabè footballer
1838:, Burkinabè footballer
1832:, Burkinabè footballer
1814:, Burkinabè footballer
1808:, Burkinabè footballer
1802:, Burkinabè politician
1796:, Burkinabè politician
1790:, Burkinabè playwright
1766:, Burkinabè footballer
1760:, Burkinabè politician
1718:, Burkinabè politician
1706:, Burkinabè footballer
1700:, Burkinabè footballer
1664:, Burkinabè footballer
1652:, Burkinabè politician
1640:, Burkinabè footballer
1631:, Burkinabè footballer
1625:, Burkinabè footballer
1619:, Burkinabè footballer
1613:, Burkinabè footballer
1607:, Burkinabè politician
1601:, Burkinabè footballer
1562:, Burkinabè playwright
1538:, Burkinabè politician
1520:, Burkinabè politician
1508:, Burkinabè playwright
1490:, Burkinabè politician
1472:, Burkinabè footballer
1458:Kadré Désiré Ouédraogo
1448:, Burkinabè politician
1440:Jean-Bernard Ouédraogo
1430:, Burkinabè footballer
1418:, Burkinabè footballer
1406:, Burkinabè footballer
1400:, Burkinabè politician
1398:Gilbert Noël Ouédraogo
1392:Gérard Kango Ouédraogo
1374:Dim-Dolobsom Ouédraogo
1364:, Burkinabè politician
1317:, Burkinabè footballer
1293:, Burkinabè footballer
1275:, Burkinabè footballer
1245:, Burkinabè footballer
1221:, Burkinabè footballer
1191:, Burkinabè footballer
1185:, Burkinabè footballer
1177:Jean-Baptiste Kiéthéga
1173:, Burkinabè footballer
1161:, Burkinabè footballer
1152:, Burkinabè politician
1134:, Burkinabè footballer
1128:, Burkinabè footballer
1116:, Burkinabè politician
1095:, Burkinabè footballer
1089:, Burkinabè footballer
1083:, Burkinabè footballer
1074:, Burkinabè footballer
1056:, Burkinabè footballer
1020:, Burkinabè footballer
1014:, Burkinabé footballer
1002:, Burkinabè politician
990:, Burkinabè politician
984:, Burkinabe footballer
972:, Burkinabè journalist
966:, Burkinabè footballer
960:, Burkinabè politician
954:, Burkinabè footballer
952:Ernest Aboubacar Congo
948:, Burkinabè politician
942:, Burkinabè playwright
936:, Burkinabè politician
930:, Burkinabè journalist
915:, Burkinabè footballer
909:, Burkinabè ambassador
891:, Burkinabè footballer
885:, Burkinabe politician
879:, Burkinabe politician
873:, Burkinabè footballer
867:, Burkinabè footballer
861:, Burkinabè footballer
849:, Burkinabè footballer
843:, Burkinabè footballer
837:, Burkinabè politician
739:
694:
512:
485:), groups of traders (
446:
393:Tirailleurs Sénégalais
359:
252:. The Mossi speak the
205:
41:A Mossi Naaba (leader)
2352:The Blacks of Yatenga
1599:Saïdou Panandétiguiri
1412:, Burkinabè filmmaker
1394:, Burkinabè statesman
1299:, Burkinabé economist
1267:Suzy Henrique Nikiéma
1042:Pierre Claver Ilboudo
737:
692:
619:mutually intelligible
510:
444:
357:
203:
131:Related ethnic groups
2549:Roy, Christopher D.
2540:Roy, Christopher D.
2429:Roy, Christopher D.
2364:Skinner, Eliott P.,
2209:on November 25, 2009
2066:, Burkinabè cardinal
2006:, Burkinabè musician
1992:Hugues Fabrice Zango
1970:, Burkinabè sprinter
1944:Saint Pierre Yaméogo
1862:, Burkinabè musician
1826:, Burkinabè musician
1820:, Burkinabè musician
1748:Burkinabè ambassador
1736:, Burkinabè musician
1724:, Burkinabè novelist
1712:, Burkinabè sprinter
1694:, Ivorian Footballer
1688:, Ivorian politician
1682:, Ivorian footballer
1676:, Ivorian footballer
1526:, Burkinabè cardinal
1345:Antoinette Ouédraogo
1287:, Burkinabè novelist
1281:, Burkinabè diplomat
1263:, Burkinabè producer
1257:, Burkinabè diplomat
1239:, Burkinabè musician
1227:, Burkinabè musician
1209:, Burkinabè musician
1140:, Burkinabè musician
1093:Pierre Landry Kaboré
1050:, Burkinabè diplomat
1026:, Burkinabè diplomat
1008:, Burkinabè musician
903:, Burkinabè sprinter
897:, Burkinabè musician
855:, Burkinabè musician
831:, Burkinabè musician
823:Notable Mossi people
581:The Mossi speak the
527:'Mogonaba' was what
3088:West African people
2075:Abdoul-Aziz Nikiema
2024:, Burkinabè cyclist
1994:, Burkinabè athlete
1964:, Burkinabè swimmer
1962:Rene Jacob Yougbara
1907:, Burkinabè actress
1880:, Burkinabè athlete
1854:Soumaila Tassembedo
1772:, Burkinabè swimmer
1764:Souleymane Sawadogo
1754:, Burkinabè actress
1730:, Burkinabè athlete
1658:, Burkinabè actress
1532:, Burkinabè cyclist
1506:Ouamdégré Ouedraogo
1484:, Burkinabè swimmer
1470:Louckmane Ouédraogo
1452:Joséphine Ouédraogo
1353:, Burkinabè actress
1341:, Burkinabè swimmer
1305:, Burkinabè swimmer
1251:, Burkinabè swimmer
1146:, Burkinabè athlete
1101:, Bukinabè designer
907:Juliette Bonkoungou
809:Week of the Culture
781:Hibiscus cannabinus
516:levels, there is a
24:
3108:French West Africa
2385:. pp. 141–68.
2348:Le Noir du Yatenga
2284:www.britannica.com
2203:University of Iowa
2167:. January 15, 2010
2160:The World Factbook
2010:Yacouba Isaac Zida
1976:, Belgian sprinter
1968:Alexandre Yougbare
1884:Hippolyte Wangrawa
1878:Irène Tiendrébèogo
1872:Ilias Tiendrébèogo
1850:, Burkinabè dancer
1770:Tindwende Sawadogo
1704:Aboubacar Sawadogo
1595:, Burkinabè writer
1589:, Burkinabè judoka
1581:Youssouf Ouédraogo
1560:Roukiata Ouedraogo
1550:, Burkinabè actor
1524:Philippe Ouédraogo
1518:Philippe Ouédraogo
1478:, Burkinabè author
1416:Ismahila Ouédraogo
1386:Fulgence Ouedraogo
1382:, Belgian sprinter
1357:Bassirou Ouédraogo
1347:, Burkinabè lawyer
1339:Angelika Ouedraogo
1327:Ambroise Ouédraogo
1323:, Burkinabè lawyer
1315:Alassane Ouédraogo
1269:, Burkinabè writer
1048:Aline Koala Kaboré
1044:, Burkinabè writer
1038:, Burkinabè writer
1032:, Burkinabè author
946:Aminata Sana Congo
853:Jean Claude Bamogo
740:
695:
549:Elliott P. Skinner
513:
447:
360:
206:
139:, Gurunsi people,
22:
3070:
3069:
3037:African Americans
2717:
2716:
1886:, Burkinabè actor
1866:Issaka Thiombiano
1784:, Malian sprinter
1746:Salimata Sawadogo
1742:, Burkinabè actor
1710:Bienvenu Sawadogo
1644:Alimata Salembèré
1623:Jonathan Pitroipa
1605:Pargui Emile Paré
1548:Rasmané Ouédraogo
1544:Burkinabè cyclist
1542:Rasmané Ouédraogo
1502:, Burkinabè actor
1488:Mamadou Ouédraogo
1482:Mamadou Ouedraogo
1464:Kassoum Ouédraogo
1428:Issiaka Ouédraogo
1410:Idrissa Ouédraogo
1311:, Burkinabè actor
1297:Ablassé Ouedraogo
1261:Mamounata Nikiéma
1249:Elisabeth Nikiema
1159:Nathanio Kompaoré
1068:, Burkinabè boxer
913:Bassirou Compaoré
889:Pingdwinde Beleme
702:Mogho Naaba court
219:native to modern
198:
197:
154:
153:
63:11,118,983 (52%)
3115:
2744:
2737:
2730:
2721:
2720:
2581:
2574:
2567:
2558:
2557:
2528:Ouagadougu masks
2509:
2508:
2506:
2505:
2496:. Archived from
2490:
2484:
2483:
2481:
2479:
2460:
2454:
2453:
2451:
2450:
2441:. Archived from
2426:
2420:
2419:
2415:
2402:
2401:
2393:
2387:
2386:
2375:
2369:
2362:
2356:
2355:
2343:
2337:
2336:
2326:
2300:
2294:
2293:
2291:
2290:
2276:
2270:
2269:
2267:
2265:
2250:
2244:
2243:
2241:
2240:
2225:
2219:
2218:
2216:
2214:
2205:. Archived from
2190:
2177:
2176:
2174:
2172:
2151:
1986:Pingrénoma Zagré
1950:Salvador Yaméogo
1938:Narcisse Yaméogo
1905:Blandine Yaméogo
1848:Irène Tassembèdo
1812:Salimata Simporé
1776:Yacouba Sawadogo
1734:Habibou Sawadogo
1722:Etienne Sawadogo
1716:Clément Sawadogo
1629:Romaric Pitroipa
1617:Clément Pitroipa
1566:Samuel Ouedraogo
1554:Robert Ouédraogo
1500:Noufou Ouédraogo
1446:Joseph Ouédraogo
1404:Hamado Ouedraogo
1380:Élodie Ouédraogo
1368:Claire Ouedraogo
1351:Assita Ouédraogo
1243:Préjuce Nakoulma
1195:Imilo Lechanceux
1171:Brahima Korbeogo
1132:Ismaël Karambiri
994:Gilbert Diendéré
883:Blaise Bassoleth
841:Narcisse Bambara
663:in high regard.
542:Voice of Africa,
223:, primarily the
156:
155:
67:160,140 in Ghana
59:
57:
56:
47:Total population
39:
25:
21:
3123:
3122:
3118:
3117:
3116:
3114:
3113:
3112:
3073:
3072:
3071:
3066:
2995:
2753:
2748:
2718:
2713:
2590:
2585:
2537:
2535:Further reading
2518:
2513:
2512:
2503:
2501:
2492:
2491:
2487:
2477:
2475:
2462:
2461:
2457:
2448:
2446:
2427:
2423:
2416:
2405:
2394:
2390:
2376:
2372:
2363:
2359:
2344:
2340:
2301:
2297:
2288:
2286:
2278:
2277:
2273:
2263:
2261:
2252:
2251:
2247:
2238:
2236:
2234:Our Ancestories
2226:
2222:
2212:
2210:
2191:
2180:
2170:
2168:
2153:
2152:
2145:
2140:
2123:
2070:Wilfried Balima
2016:Djibril Zidnaba
1932:Maurice Yaméogo
1926:Jacques Yaméogo
1914:Hermann Yaméogo
1788:Moussa Savadogo
1782:Moussa Savadogo
1758:Siméon Sawadogo
1752:Samira Sawadogo
1728:Faysal Sawadogo
1674:Boubacar Sanogo
1638:Florent Rouamba
1587:Hanatou Ouelogo
1335:, Canadian poet
1321:Alice Ouédraogo
1309:Adama Ouédraogo
1303:Adama Ouedraogo
1183:Djakaridja Koné
1036:Patrick Ilboudo
1030:Monique Ilboudo
1024:Frédéric Guirma
988:Zéphirin Diabré
964:Moumouni Dagano
928:RaĂŻssa Compaore
919:Blaise Compaoré
901:Innocent Bologo
877:Djibril Bassolé
825:
756:Ceiba pentandra
732:
704:
687:
678:
654:
645:
636:
627:
625:Cultural values
579:
573:
561:
524:for the Mossi.
505:
424:
418:
401:
352:
339:
333:
290:
262:
137:Mamprusi people
81:
66:
64:
54:
52:
42:
30:
20:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3121:
3111:
3110:
3105:
3100:
3095:
3090:
3085:
3068:
3067:
3065:
3064:
3059:
3054:
3049:
3044:
3039:
3034:
3029:
3024:
3019:
3014:
3009:
3003:
3001:
3000:Non-indigenous
2997:
2996:
2994:
2993:
2988:
2983:
2978:
2973:
2968:
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2755:
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2525:
2517:
2516:External links
2514:
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2455:
2421:
2403:
2388:
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2357:
2338:
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2271:
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2195:"Burkina Faso"
2178:
2155:"Burkina Faso"
2142:
2141:
2139:
2136:
2135:
2134:
2132:Mooré language
2129:
2127:Mossi Kingdoms
2122:
2119:
2118:
2117:
2112:
2110:Victor Nikiema
2107:
2102:
2097:
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2087:
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2067:
2064:Paul Zoungrana
2061:
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2034:Jonathan Zongo
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1965:
1959:
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1899:Blaise Yaméogo
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1842:Edmond Tapsoba
1839:
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1824:Joey le Soldat
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1806:Saïdou Simporé
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1794:Laurent Sedego
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1698:Zakaria Sanogo
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1120:Michel Kafando
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1081:Mohamed Kaboré
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1066:Idrissa Kabore
1063:
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1054:Charles Kaboré
1051:
1045:
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1021:
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1012:Abdoul Guiebre
1009:
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1000:Moumouni Fabré
997:
991:
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934:Simon Compaoré
931:
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859:Aristide Bancé
856:
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686:
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650:
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635:
632:
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623:
583:Mooré language
577:Mooré language
575:Main article:
572:
571:Mossi language
569:
560:
557:
538:W.E.B. Du Bois
533:anthropologist
504:
501:
420:Main article:
417:
414:
400:
397:
385:
384:
377:
351:
348:
335:Main article:
332:
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261:
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254:Mòoré language
196:
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186:
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176:
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165:
160:
152:
151:
141:Dagomba people
133:
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112:
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107:
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104:African French
96:
95:
91:
90:
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69:
68:
49:
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32:
31:
28:
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4:
3:
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3018:
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3008:
3005:
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2989:
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2697:
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2559:
2552:
2548:
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2539:
2538:
2529:
2526:
2523:
2520:
2519:
2500:on 2009-11-25
2499:
2495:
2489:
2474:on 2009-11-25
2473:
2469:
2465:
2464:"Mask styles"
2459:
2445:on 2013-07-02
2444:
2440:
2436:
2432:
2425:
2414:
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2410:
2408:
2399:
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2128:
2125:
2124:
2116:
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2108:
2106:
2105:Dramane Salou
2103:
2101:
2098:
2096:
2095:Ousseni Bouda
2093:
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2088:
2086:
2083:
2081:
2078:
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2073:
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2059:
2058:Tertius Zongo
2056:
2053:
2052:Norbert Zongo
2050:
2047:
2044:
2041:
2040:Mamadou Zongo
2038:
2035:
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2014:
2011:
2008:
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2002:
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1984:
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1927:
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1920:Herve Yaméogo
1918:
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1656:Odile Sankara
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1536:Ram Ouédraogo
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1273:Boubacar Nimi
1271:
1268:
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1241:
1238:
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1214:
1211:
1208:
1207:Frère Malkhom
1205:
1202:
1199:
1196:
1193:
1190:
1189:Ismaël Koudou
1187:
1184:
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1175:
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1099:Rahiza Kaboré
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1079:
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1060:Gaston Kaboré
1058:
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986:
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982:Issoufou Dayo
980:
977:
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871:Hassane Bandé
869:
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865:Ibrahim Bancé
863:
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839:
836:
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827:
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795:, the hyena;
794:
789:
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783:
782:
772:
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749:
745:
736:
727:
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719:
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713:
709:
699:
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682:
673:
671:
666:
665:Individualism
662:
658:
649:
640:
631:
622:
620:
616:
612:
608:
604:
600:
599:Gur languages
596:
592:
588:
584:
578:
568:
566:
556:
554:
550:
545:
543:
539:
534:
530:
529:Leo Frobenius
525:
523:
519:
509:
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489:
484:
480:
475:
471:
466:
464:
460:
459:gnon-gnon-sse
456:
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429:
423:
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409:
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396:
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390:
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328:
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321:
317:
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309:
305:
301:
299:
295:
285:
283:
279:
275:
271:
270:CĂ´te d'Ivoire
267:
257:
255:
251:
247:
243:
239:
235:
231:
226:
222:
218:
215:
211:
202:
194:
191:
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184:
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177:
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146:
142:
138:
134:
129:
125:
121:
117:
113:
108:
105:
101:
97:
92:
89:
86:and northern
85:
80:
75:
70:
62:
50:
45:
38:
33:
26:
3083:Mossi people
3016:
2683:
2654:Iwellemmedan
2550:
2541:
2502:. Retrieved
2498:the original
2488:
2476:. Retrieved
2472:the original
2467:
2458:
2447:. Retrieved
2443:the original
2434:
2424:
2397:
2391:
2382:
2373:
2365:
2360:
2351:
2347:
2341:
2314:
2308:
2298:
2287:. Retrieved
2283:
2274:
2262:. Retrieved
2257:
2248:
2237:. Retrieved
2233:
2223:
2213:February 11,
2211:. Retrieved
2207:the original
2198:
2171:February 11,
2169:. Retrieved
2158:
2100:Ismaël Seone
2090:Nasser Djiga
2022:Ernest Zongo
1998:Mamadou Zaré
1980:Arthur Zagré
1956:Moussa Yedan
1830:Issouf Sosso
1800:Saran Sérémé
1686:SĂ©kou Sanogo
1680:SĂ©kou Sanogo
1285:Kollin Noaga
1219:Patrick Malo
1165:Cheick Kongo
1144:Marthe Koala
1114:Zinda Kaboré
847:Habib Bamogo
835:Laurent Bado
816:
804:
796:
792:
790:
785:
779:
776:
760:
754:
752:
747:
743:
741:
723:
720:
715:
705:
696:
679:
661:collectivism
655:
646:
637:
628:
587:Burkina Faso
580:
562:
552:
546:
541:
526:
514:
496:
492:
486:
482:
478:
473:
469:
467:
462:
458:
454:
450:
448:
435:
432:Burkina Faso
425:
410:
406:
402:
392:
389:World War II
386:
381:protectorate
367:
361:
350:Colonial era
340:
337:Mossi Empire
331:Mossi Empire
302:
291:
263:
221:Burkina Faso
217:ethnic group
209:
207:
172:
162:
145:Gurma people
120:Christianity
79:Burkina Faso
61:Burkina Faso
19:Ethnic group
2478:December 3,
2379:Naden, Tony
2264:December 3,
2260:(in French)
2258:fasotour.fr
2080:Abdoul Yoda
2046:MoĂŻse Zongo
2028:Henri Zongo
1893:Steeve Yago
1692:Yaya Sanogo
1611:Issouf Paro
1231:Mogho Naaba
1201:Hubert Maga
1126:Bèbè Kambou
1087:Omar Kaboré
1072:Issa Kaboré
1018:Adama Guira
786:yaaba soore
730:Mossi Masks
708:Mogho Naaba
706:The Friday
595:Ivory Coast
463:Nyon-nyonse
455:Nyon-nyonse
436:Mogho Naaba
428:Ouagadougou
369:Mogho Naaba
225:Volta River
149:Gur peoples
124:Traditional
84:Ivory Coast
3077:Categories
2894:Ga-Adangbe
2882:Avenor Ewe
2758:Indigenous
2530:(archived)
2524:(archived)
2504:2020-12-03
2449:2013-07-10
2289:2022-04-25
2239:2022-04-25
2228:Debutify.
2138:References
2085:Karim Yoda
1974:Anne Zagré
1860:Bamos Théo
1291:Salif Nogo
1225:Alif Naaba
1213:Kamou Malo
829:Dez Altino
811:, and the
807:or SIAO),
738:Mossi Mask
724:na possum,
681:children.
607:Ouahigouya
422:Mogho Naba
312:Naa Gbewaa
147:and other
77:Primarily
2468:uiowa.edu
2435:uiowa.edu
2333:149999473
2115:John Pelu
676:Hierarchy
668:society.
615:Tenkodogo
522:hierarchy
518:hierarchy
479:Tengabisi
325:Ouedraogo
94:Languages
82:northern
2971:Tallensi
2961:Mamprusi
2941:Konkomba
2931:Karamogo
2926:Jakhanke
2877:Anlo Ewe
2852:Chumburu
2679:Mandinka
2659:Jakhanke
2381:(1989).
2121:See also
1138:Kayawoto
895:Sana Bob
744:Nyonyose
712:ceremony
670:Heritage
565:language
497:Nyonyose
493:Nyonyose
304:Yennenga
300:hunter.
179:Language
110:Religion
3057:Indians
3047:Chinese
3022:Soninke
2936:Kassena
2921:Gurunsi
2862:Dagomba
2857:Dagaaba
2815:Avatime
2805:Ashanti
2694:Soninke
2664:Kassena
2649:Gurunsi
2619:Djimini
2614:Dagaaba
1818:Sofiano
761:Nakomse
748:Nakomse
611:Koupela
603:Yatenga
474:Nakomse
470:Nakomse
451:Nakomse
364:emperor
294:Dagomba
288:Origins
260:History
230:Gurunsi
189:Country
3027:Yoruba
2966:Nafana
2951:Kusasi
2889:Frafra
2842:Bimoba
2825:Evalue
2800:Ahanta
2780:Abidji
2689:Senufo
2669:Kusasi
2331:
2310:Africa
2004:ZĂŞdess
710:court
657:Family
652:Family
593:, and
366:, the
320:Pusiga
310:king,
308:Dagbon
280:, and
250:Fulani
234:Senufo
212:are a
193:Moogho
169:People
163:Moaaga
159:Person
58:
29:Mooaga
3062:Tabom
3042:Arabs
3032:Zarma
3017:Mossi
3007:Hausa
2956:Logba
2946:Krobo
2914:Kyode
2909:Gonja
2904:Efutu
2899:Guang
2867:Dyula
2847:Bissa
2835:Nzema
2830:Fante
2810:Assin
2790:Akyem
2785:Ahafo
2770:Agave
2765:Adele
2709:Zarma
2704:Yarse
2699:Turka
2684:Mossi
2644:Gurma
2639:Gouin
2634:Fulse
2624:Dyula
2599:Bissa
2350:[
2329:S2CID
1006:Floby
797:nyaka
793:katre
591:Ghana
488:Yarse
343:Ajami
316:Ghana
298:Mandé
274:Ghana
266:Benin
246:Bissa
210:Mossi
183:Mòoré
173:Mosse
122:15%,
118:65%,
116:Islam
100:Mooré
88:Ghana
23:Mossi
3012:Fula
2991:Yeji
2986:Wala
2981:Tshi
2820:Bono
2795:Anyi
2775:Akan
2674:Lobi
2629:Fula
2604:Bobo
2480:2020
2266:2020
2215:2010
2173:2010
742:The
643:Land
483:Saya
457:(or
282:Togo
278:Mali
248:and
242:Bobo
238:Lobi
208:The
2976:Tem
2872:Ewe
2609:Bwa
2383:Gur
2319:doi
716:nam
214:Gur
126:20%
3079::
2466:.
2433:.
2406:^
2327:.
2315:88
2313:.
2307:.
2282:.
2256:.
2232:.
2201:.
2197:.
2181:^
2163:.
2157:.
2146:^
621:.
589:,
567:.
395:.
276:,
272:,
268:,
256:.
244:,
240:,
236:,
232:,
143:,
102:,
2743:e
2736:t
2729:v
2580:e
2573:t
2566:v
2507:.
2482:.
2452:.
2335:.
2321::
2292:.
2268:.
2242:.
2217:.
2175:.
815:(
803:(
605:(
383:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
