Estrogen - Knowledge

363: 7906: 6203:. These scores vary in direct proportion to estrogen levels throughout the menstrual cycle, pregnancy, and menopause. Furthermore, estrogens when administered shortly after natural or surgical menopause prevents decreases in verbal memory. In contrast, estrogens have little effect on verbal memory if first administered years after menopause. Estrogens also have positive influences on other measures of cognitive function. However the effect of estrogens on cognition is not uniformly favorable and is dependent on the timing of the dose and the type of cognitive skill being measured. 564: 8148: 408: 10200:"The results of this study suggest that there are indeed sex-specific genetic effects in human pigmentation, with larger effects for darker pigmentation in females compared to males. A plausible cause might be the differentially expressed melanogenic genes in females due to higher oestrogen levels. These sex-specific genetic effects would help explain the presence of darker eye and skin pigmentation in females, as well as the well-known higher melanoma risk displayed by males." 7111: 58: 8495:(EDCs) because they have high estrogenic potency. When an EDC makes its way into the environment, it may cause male reproductive dysfunction to wildlife and humans. The estrogen excreted from farm animals makes its way into fresh water systems. During the germination period of reproduction the fish are exposed to low levels of estrogen which may cause reproductive dysfunction to male fish. 5536: 6317:. It is hypothesized that these changes occur due to brain changes across the menstrual cycle that are likely a genomic effect of hormones. These effects produce menstrual cycle changes, which result in hormone release leading to behavioral changes, notably binge and emotional eating. These occur especially prominently among women who are genetically vulnerable to binge eating phenotypes. 4954: 7177:. These secondary sources of estrogens are especially important in postmenopausal women. The pathway of estrogen biosynthesis in extragonadal tissues is different. These tissues are not able to synthesize C19 steroids, and therefore depend on C19 supplies from other tissues and the level of aromatase. 8523:

In addition to being considered misbranded drugs, products claiming to contain placental extract may also be deemed to be misbranded cosmetics if the extract has been prepared from placentas from which the hormones and other biologically active substances have been removed and the extracted substance

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of a steroid hormone refers to entry into the blood of the compound from all possible sources, including secretion from glands and conversion of prohormones into the steroid of interest. At steady state, the amount of hormone entering the blood from all sources will be equal to the rate at which it

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Swedish data A = Using any code for VTE regardless of confirmation. Swedish data B = Using only algorithm-confirmed VTE. Early postpartum = First 6 weeks after delivery. Late postpartum = More than 6 weeks after delivery. * = Adjusted for age and calendar year. † = Unadjusted ratio calculated based

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Women are less impacted by heart disease due to vasculo-protective action of estrogen which helps in preventing atherosclerosis. It also helps in maintaining the delicate balance between fighting infections and protecting arteries from damage thus lowering the risk of cardiovascular disease. During

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to activate the transcription of target genes (in a study using an estrogen-dependent breast cancer cell line as model, 89 such genes were identified). Since estrogen enters all cells, its actions are dependent on the presence of the ER in the cell. The ER is expressed in specific tissues including

6294:. Hormone replacement therapy using estrogen may be a possible treatment for binge eating behaviors in females. Estrogen replacement has been shown to suppress binge eating behaviors in female mice. The mechanism by which estrogen replacement inhibits binge-like eating involves the replacement of 6335:

In rodents, estrogens (which are locally aromatized from androgens in the brain) play an important role in psychosexual differentiation, for example, by masculinizing territorial behavior; the same is not true in humans. In humans, the masculinizing effects of prenatal androgens on behavior (and

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are enhanced by increasing estrogen levels which are believed to return mice that displayed OCD rituals to normal activity. Aromatase deficiency is ultimately suspected which is involved in the synthesis of estrogen in humans and has therapeutic implications in humans having obsessive-compulsive

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Estrogen is a steroid hormone associated with the female reproductive organs and is responsible for the development of female sexual characteristics. Estrogen is often referred to as estrone, estradiol, and estriol. ... Synthetic estrogen is also available for clinical use, designed to increase

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is being cleared (metabolic clearance rate) multiplied by blood concentration (production rate = metabolic clearance rate × concentration). If there is little contribution of prohormone metabolism to the circulating pool of steroid, then the production rate will approximate the secretion rate."

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and are misbranded. An accompanying proposed rule deals with cosmetics, concluding that any use of natural estrogens in a cosmetic product makes the product an unapproved new drug and that any cosmetic using the term "hormone" in the text of its labeling or in its ingredient statement makes an

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Binge eating is associated with decreased estradiol and increased progesterone. Klump et al. Progesterone may moderate the effects of low estradiol (such as during dysregulated eating behavior), but that this may only be true in women who have had clinically diagnosed binge episodes (BEs).

6298:(5-HT) neurons. Women exhibiting binge eating behaviors are found to have increased brain uptake of neuron 5-HT, and therefore less of the neurotransmitter serotonin in the cerebrospinal fluid. Estrogen works to activate 5-HT neurons, leading to suppression of binge like eating behaviors. 8383:. It is derived from "oestros" (a periodic state of sexual activity in female mammals), and genos (generating). It was first published in the early 1920s and referenced as "oestrin". With the years, American English adapted the spelling of estrogen to fit with its phonetic pronunciation. 4452: 8524:

consists principally of protein. The FDA recommends that this substance be identified by a name other than "placental extract" and describing its composition more accurately because consumers associate the name "placental extract" with a therapeutic use of some biological activity.

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independently isolated and purified estrone, the first estrogen to be discovered. Then, estriol and estradiol were discovered in 1930 and 1933, respectively. Shortly following their discovery, estrogens, both natural and synthetic, were introduced for medical use. Examples include

7052:. A non-transcriptional response to oestrogen stimulation was also documented (termed membrane-initiated steroid signalling, MISS). This pathway stimulates the ERK and PI3K/AKT pathways, which are known to increase cellular proliferation and affect chromatin remodelation. 3789:

values are of the format "median (range)" (# (#–#)), "range" (#–#), or "value" (#) depending on the values available. The full sets of values within the ranges can be found in the Wiki code. (2) Binding affinities were determined via displacement studies in a variety of

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of a steroid refers to the total secretion of the compound from a gland per unit time. Secretion rates have been assessed by sampling the venous effluent from a gland over time and subtracting out the arterial and peripheral venous hormone concentration. The

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Physiologically, the metabolic conversion of estrogens allows their excretion from the body via urine, feces, and/or bile, along with the production of estrogen analogs, which have been shown to present antiproliferative effects (Tsuchiya et al.,

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absorption and effectiveness by altering the estrogen chemical structure for topical or oral administration. Synthetic steroid estrogens include ethinyl estradiol, estradiol valerate, estropipate, conjugate esterified estrogen, and quinestrol.

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of a steroid in the circulation is determined by the rate at which it is secreted from glands, the rate of metabolism of precursor or prehormones into the steroid, and the rate at which it is extracted by tissues and metabolized. The

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into estrogens in these systems (shorter ester chain length -> greater rate of hydrolysis) and the ER RBAs of the esters decrease strongly when hydrolysis is prevented. = Relative estrogenic potencies (REPs) were calculated from

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other tissues, with the possible exception of effects on bone) appear to act exclusively through the androgen receptor. Consequently, the utility of rodent models for studying human psychosexual differentiation has been questioned.

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Bhavnani BR, Nisker JA, Martin J, Aletebi F, Watson L, Milne JK (2000). "Comparison of pharmacokinetics of a conjugated equine estrogen preparation (premarin) and a synthetic mixture of estrogens (C.E.S.) in postmenopausal women".

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Warnock JK, Swanson SG, Borel RW, Zipfel LM, Brennan JJ (2005). "Combined esterified estrogens and methyltestosterone versus esterified estrogens alone in the treatment of loss of sexual interest in surgically menopausal women".

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termed ER α and ER β, which upon ligation form either homo or heterodimers. The genetic and nongenetic targets of the receptors differ between homo and heterodimers. Ligation of these receptors allows them to translocate to the

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The natural estrogens are steroids. However, typical estrogenic activity is also shown by chemicals which are not steroids. Hence, the term 'estrogen' is used as a generic term to describe all the compounds having estrogenic

7205:(17β-HSD), whereas the conversion of androstenedione and testosterone into estrone and estradiol, respectively is catalyzed by aromatase, enzymes which are both expressed in granulosa cells. In contrast, granulosa cells lack 7200:

into the surrounding granulosa cells, where it is converted either immediately into estrone, or into testosterone and then estradiol in an additional step. The conversion of androstenedione to testosterone is catalyzed by

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The protective effects of estrogens on cognition may be mediated by estrogen's anti-inflammatory effects in the brain. Studies have also shown that the Met allele gene and level of estrogen mediates the efficiency of

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Darabi M, Ani M, Panjehpour M, Rabbani M, Movahedian A, Zarean E (2011). "Effect of estrogen receptor β A1730G polymorphism on ABCA1 gene expression response to postmenopausal hormone replacement therapy".

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Heiman JR, Rupp H, Janssen E, Newhouse SK, Brauer M, Laan E (May 2011). "Sexual desire, sexual arousal and hormonal differences in premenopausal US and Dutch women with and without low sexual desire".

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Compulsions in male lab mice, such as those in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), may be caused by low estrogen levels. When estrogen levels were raised through the increased activity of the enzyme

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Labrie F, Bélanger A, Luu-The V, Labrie C, Simard J, Cusan L, et al. (1998). "DHEA and the intracrine formation of androgens and estrogens in peripheral target tissues: its role during aging".

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Osterlund MK, Witt MR, Gustafsson JA (December 2005). "Estrogen action in mood and neurodegenerative disorders: estrogenic compounds with selective properties-the next generation of therapeutics".

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in mice, estradiol is about 10-fold more potent than estrone and about 100-fold more potent than estriol. Thus, estradiol is the most important estrogen in non-pregnant females who are between the

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levels only in the presence of estrogen, but without estrogen, free testosterone level actually decreases sexual desire (instead of increasing sex drive), as demonstrated for those women who have

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Hill RA, Pompolo S, Jones ME, Simpson ER, Boon WC (December 2004). "Estrogen deficiency leads to apoptosis in dopaminergic neurons in the medial preoptic area and arcuate nucleus of male mice".

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Fang H, Tong W, Shi LM, Blair R, Perkins R, Branham W, et al. (March 2001). "Structure-activity relationships for a large diverse set of natural, synthetic, and environmental estrogens".

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The implantation of 17β-estradiol pellets in ovariectomized mice significantly reduced binge eating behaviors and injections of GLP-1 in ovariectomized mice decreased binge-eating behaviors.

585:. Like other steroid hormones, estrogen enters passively into the cell where it binds to and activates the estrogen receptor. The estrogen:ER complex binds to specific DNA sequences called a 16721: 16716: 14961: 14605: 6976:

production) shifts it from cellular to humoral by downregulating cell-mediated immunity and enhancing Th2 immune response by stimulating IL-4 production and Th2 differentiation.

14717: 12208: 5849:. Estrogen may explain why women have darker eyes than men, and also a lower risk of skin cancer than men; a European study found that women generally have darker skin than men. 342: 19028: 7213:, whereas theca cells express these enzymes and 17β-HSD but lack aromatase. Hence, both granulosa and theca cells are essential for the production of estrogen in the ovaries. 18602: 14966: 8511:. In 1998, there were case reports of four prepubescent African-American girls developing breasts after exposure to these shampoos. In 1993, the FDA determined that not all 6274:

to slow serotonin clearance, suggesting that the same pathways which are involved in SSRI efficacy may also be affected by components of local estrogen signaling pathways.

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dependent working memory tasks. Researchers have urged for further research to illuminate the role of estrogen and its potential for improvement on cognitive function.

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promotes and maintains the uterus lining in preparation for implantation of fertilized egg and maintenance of uterus function during gestation period, also upregulates

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Roved J, Westerdahl H, Hasselquist D (February 2017). "Sex differences in immune responses: Hormonal effects, antagonistic selection, and evolutionary consequences".

446:(E4). Estradiol (E2) is the predominant estrogen during reproductive years both in terms of absolute serum levels as well as in terms of estrogenic activity. During 317:. Estrogens are among the wide range of endocrine-disrupting compounds (EDCs) and can cause health issues and reproductive disfunction in both wildlife and humans. 18834: 18174: 14770: 7049: 240:

in both men and women. While estrogen levels are significantly lower in males than in females, estrogens nevertheless have important physiological roles in males.

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Kow LM, Pfaff DW (May 1998). "Mapping of neural and signal transduction pathways for lordosis in the search for estrogen actions on the central nervous system".

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by increasing their survival, proliferation, differentiation and function, which corresponds with higher antibody and B cell count generally detected in women.

16653: 194: 15661: 107: 11980: 10211: 13150:"Assessing the sensitivity of different life stages for sexual disruption in roach (Rutilus rutilus) exposed to effluents from wastewater treatment works" 450:, estrone is the predominant circulating estrogen and during pregnancy estriol is the predominant circulating estrogen in terms of serum levels. Given by 18749: 14941: 11133:"Effects of estrogen on higher-order cognitive functions in unstressed human females may depend on individual variation in dopamine baseline levels" 18515: 6282:

Studies have also found that fathers had lower levels of cortisol and testosterone but higher levels of estrogen (estradiol) than did non-fathers.

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this role shifts to estriol, and in postmenopausal women estrone becomes the primary form of estrogen in the body. Another type of estrogen called

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the ovary, uterus and breast. The metabolic effects of estrogen in postmenopausal women have been linked to the genetic polymorphism of the ER.

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Lester NA, Keel PK, Lipson SF (January 2003). "Symptom fluctuation in bulimia nervosa: relation to menstrual-cycle phase and cortisol levels".

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are biased towards Th2 under the influence of estrogen, whereas plasmacytoid dendritic cells, key players in antiviral defence, have increased

9445: 5624:). Decreased stiffness of tendons gives women much lower predisposition to muscle strains but soft ligaments are much more prone to injuries ( 18901: 18896: 18394: 18389: 18384: 18254: 11601:

Jimerson DC, Lesem MD, Kaye WH, Hegg AP, Brewerton TD (September 1990). "Eating disorders and depression: is there a serotonin connection?".

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Baum MJ (November 2006). "Mammalian animal models of psychosexual differentiation: when is 'translation' to the human situation possible?".

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Wise A, O'Brien K, Woodruff T (January 2011). "Are oral contraceptives a significant contributor to the estrogenicity of drinking water?".

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Lasiuk GC, Hegadoren KM (October 2007). "The effects of estradiol on central serotonergic systems and its relationship to mood in women".

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Hill RA, McInnes KJ, Gong EC, Jones ME, Simpson ER, Boon WC (February 2007). "Estrogen deficient male mice develop compulsive behavior".

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Koot RW, Amelink GJ, Blankenstein MA, Bär PR (1991). "Tamoxifen and oestrogen both protect the rat muscle against physiological damage".

5515:). = Atypical uterotrophic effect which plateaus within 48 hours (estradiol's uterotrophy continues linearly up to 72 hours). 19058: 18627: 18622: 18469: 18464: 16816: 16646: 16615: 16197: 14534: 9507: 8516: 12878:

Wesp LM, Deutsch MB (March 2017). "Hormonal and Surgical Treatment Options for Transgender Women and Transfeminine Spectrum Persons".

12740:. In Trachsler A, Thorn G, Labhart A, Bürgi H, Dodsworth-Phillips J, Constam G, Courvoisier B, Fischer JA, Froesch ER, Grob P (eds.). 18962: 18795: 18790: 18474: 18309: 18264: 17613: 15654: 13312: 11225:

Douma SL, Husband C, O'Donnell ME, Barwin BN, Woodend AK (2005). "Estrogen-related mood disorders: reproductive life cycle factors".

8806: 10160:"Sex-specific genetic effects associated with pigmentation, sensitivity to sunlight, and melanoma in a population of Spanish origin" 6952:

favoring, rather than suppressive, as is the case of the effect of male sex hormone - testosterone. Indeed, women respond better to

5845:. Pale skinned women will develop browner and yellower skin during pregnancy, as a result of the increase of estrogen, known as the 5503:

levels relative to baseline of ovariectomized rats after 24 to 72 hours of continuous administration via subcutaneous implant.

19038: 18632: 18540: 18535: 18525: 18439: 18364: 17376: 14896: 12157:"Defining venous thromboembolism and measuring its incidence using Swedish health registries: a nationwide pregnancy cohort study" 18479: 13859: 13404: 13278: 12356:"The Immune System Is a Natural Target for Estrogen Action: Opposing Effects of Estrogen in Two Prototypical Autoimmune Diseases" 8019: 7037: 6076:. Estrogen is primarily and directly responsible for inducing the ductal component of breast development, as well as for causing 555:, are also estrogens with varying degrees of activity. The biological importance of these minor estrogens is not entirely clear. 19048: 18155: 16188: 9202:"Reference ranges for estradiol, progesterone, luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone during the menstrual cycle" 601:, they are usually present at significantly higher levels in women of reproductive age. They promote the development of female 15212: 13199:"Predicted exposures to steroid estrogens in U.K. rivers correlate with widespread sexual disruption in wild fish populations" 8964:

Wang S, Huang W, Fang G, Zhang Y, Qiao H (2008). "Analysis of steroidal estrogen residues in food and environmental samples".

1291: 18957: 16639: 16605: 16572: 14101: 13457: 12749: 12549: 11744:"Ovarian Hormone Influences on Dysregulated Eating: A Comparison of Associations in Women with versus without Binge Episodes" 10827: 10800: 10773: 10746: 10719: 10692: 10665: 10635: 10603: 10117: 10081: 9916: 9339: 9056: 8816: 8608: 8578: 18952: 17448: 16926: 16610: 16011: 15647: 13783: 12108:"Activation of the annexin A1 pathway underlies the protective effects exerted by estrogen in polymorphonuclear leukocytes" 9852:"Testosterone and visceral fat in midlife women: the Study of Women's Health Across the Nation (SWAN) fat patterning study" 8762:

Lombardi G, Zarrilli S, Colao A, Paesano L, Di Somma C, Rossi F, et al. (June 2001). "Estrogens and health in males".

4897: 12567:"Plasma precursors of estrogen. II. Correlation of the extent of conversion of plasma androstenedione to estrone with age" 11512:

Berg SJ, Wynne-Edwards KE (June 2001). "Changes in testosterone, cortisol, and estradiol levels in men becoming fathers".

18686: 13341: 6988:, which inhibits Th1. Effect of estrogen on different immune cells' cell types is in line with its Th2 bias. Activity of 10158:

Hernando B, Ibarrola-Villava M, Fernandez LP, Peña-Chilet M, Llorca-Cardeñosa M, Oltra SS, et al. (18 March 2016).

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Dysregulated eating is more strongly associated with such ovarian hormones in women with BEs than in women without BEs.

5962:(when animals are "in heat"). This behavior is required for sexual receptivity in these mammals and is regulated by the 236:

Estrogens are synthesized in all vertebrates and some insects. Quantitatively, estrogens circulate at lower levels than

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Estrogen is a generic term for any of three similar hormones derived from cholesterol: estradiol, estrone, and estriol.

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In mice, estrogen has been shown to increase the proportion of the fastest-twitch (type IIX) muscle fibers by over 40%.

10994:"Estrogens and cognition: Friends or foes?: An evaluation of the opposing effects of estrogens on learning and memory" 6301:

It is also suggested that there is an interaction between hormone levels and eating at different points in the female

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Kuhl H (August 2005). "Pharmacology of estrogens and progestogens: influence of different routes of administration".

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genes as well as the translocation of the base excision repair enzymes between different subcellular compartments.

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Max SR (December 1984). "Androgen-estrogen synergy in rat levator ani muscle: glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase".

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of a steroid is defined as the volume of blood that has been completely cleared of the hormone per unit time. The

19043: 18110: 13778: 9955:"Hepatic adropin is regulated by estrogen and contributes to adverse metabolic phenotypes in ovariectomized mice" 8840:

Soltysik K, Czekaj P (April 2013). "Membrane estrogen receptors - is it an alternative way of estrogen action?".

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length, in both females and males. In addition, estrogens are responsible for bone maturation and maintenance of

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Estrogens are responsible for both the pubertal growth spurt, which causes an acceleration in linear growth, and

6244: 5996: 4416: 3922: 602: 17170: 17138: 15888: 15864: 14576: 12019: 11646:"The interactive effects of estrogen and progesterone on changes in emotional eating across the menstrual cycle" 10250: 9740:"Supplementation with estrogen increases the type-IIX percentage composition in the plantaris back to 42%. (70)" 5984:, and the sexual desire in these women can be restored by administration of estrogen (using oral contraceptive). 19033: 17361: 16122: 15518: 15152: 14866: 14527: 14310: 13933: 13869: 13763: 6179: 15463: 14325: 13793: 13768: 13379: 13374: 8533: 7878: 6259: 5874: 260: 14886: 14831: 19063: 18947: 17261: 16506: 16139: 15893: 14382: 14377: 14119: 13834: 13678: 13472: 8109: 8091: 7785: 7130: 7061: 6425:

Absolute and relative incidence of venous thromboembolism (VTE) during pregnancy and the postpartum period

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and other aspects of regulating the menstrual cycle. In males, estrogen regulates certain functions of the

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Hogervorst E (March 2013). "Estrogen and the brain: does estrogen treatment improve cognitive function?".

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A range of synthetic and natural substances that possess estrogenic activity have been identified in the

8280: 8028: 6305:. Research has predicted increased emotional eating during hormonal flux, which is characterized by high 15388: 14642: 10657:

Anatomy and Physiology for Midwives, with Pageburst online access,3: Anatomy and Physiology for Midwives

9752:"Determinants of body fat distribution in humans may provide insight about obesity-related health risks" 8415:), literally meaning "verve" or "inspiration" but figuratively sexual passion or desire, and the suffix 4644: 18998: 17214: 15910: 15418: 15309: 14816: 14490: 14372: 13567: 13442: 13419: 13399: 8242: 8184: 7830: 6227:

of sustained low estrogen levels correlate with a significant lowering of mood. Clinical recovery from

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On a molecular level estrogen induces the above-mentioned effects on cell via acting on intracellular

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Abdul Sultan A, West J, Stephansson O, Grainge MJ, Tata LJ, Fleming KM, et al. (November 2015).

11356:"The role of estrogen in schizophrenia: implications for schizophrenia practice guidelines for women" 8330: 7842: 7834: 7081: 5470: 5052: 5011: 4912: 4857: 4473: 4347: 4334: 3854: 3607: 3257: 679: 673: 15398: 15393: 15383: 15378: 15299: 14926: 14053: 13017: 11696:

Edler C, Lipson SF, Keel PK (January 2007). "Ovarian hormones and binge eating in bulimia nervosa".

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Ryan KJ (August 1982). "Biochemistry of aromatase: significance to female reproductive physiology".

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depression has been shown to be effective after levels of estrogen were stabilized and/or restored.

6047: 1366: 466:(E4) is produced only during pregnancy. All of the different forms of estrogen are synthesized from 19078: 19073: 18830: 18592: 18505: 18130: 17823: 17356: 17351: 17251: 15917: 15458: 15329: 14991: 14951: 14765: 14740: 14637: 14124: 13552: 13522: 13467: 9449: 7193: 6430:

Absolute incidence of first VTE per 10,000 person–years during pregnancy and the postpartum period

5796: 2394: 586: 420:: estrone (E1) has one, estradiol (E2) has two, estriol (E3) has three, and estetrol (E4) has four. 184: 153: 17: 15613: 15222: 14735: 13056: 9115:

Miller KK, Al-Rayyan N, Ivanova MM, Mattingly KA, Ripp SL, Klinge CM, et al. (January 2013).

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Jobling S, Williams R, Johnson A, Taylor A, Gross-Sorokin M, Nolan M, et al. (April 2006).

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Local application of estrogen in the rat hippocampus has been shown to inhibit the re-uptake of

1569: 1544: 18086: 17638: 17118: 17043: 17038: 16991: 16077: 15854: 15807: 15513: 15423: 15359: 15304: 15147: 14946: 14861: 14750: 14647: 14600: 14567: 14199: 14176: 13928: 13709: 13622: 13612: 13517: 13502: 13447: 13369: 13051: 10071: 9243:"Discovery of estrogen receptor alpha target genes and response elements in breast tumor cells" 8276: 8238: 7777: 6386: 5085: 4870: 4511: 4484: 4360: 3934: 1894: 716: 497: 451: 291: 79: 16846: 12737: 10817: 10790: 10763: 10736: 10709: 10655: 10625: 10593: 10105: 9953:

Stokar J, Gurt I, Cohen-Kfir E, Yakubovsky O, Hallak N, Benyamini H, et al. (June 2022).

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for more potent androgens such as testosterone as well as estrogen. This compound crosses the

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The associations between binge eating, menstrual-cycle phase and ovarian hormones correlated.

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Klump KL, Racine SE, Hildebrandt B, Burt SA, Neale M, Sisk CL, et al. (September 2014).

10682: 9903:. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology. Vol. 1043. Springer. pp. 285–313. 9363: 9329: 8512: 8340: 8266: 7192:. Androstenedione is a substance of weak androgenic activity which serves predominantly as a 6085: 5763: 5151: 4998: 4465: 4338: 4330: 3882: 3849: 791: 665: 493: 31: 16921: 16896: 16871: 16856: 16791: 16731: 16726: 15102: 15097: 14936: 14931: 14712: 13908: 13247: 10267:

Christensen A, Bentley GE, Cabrera R, Ortega HH, Perfito N, Wu TJ, et al. (July 2012).

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shift manifests itself in a decrease of cellular immunity and increase in humoral immunity (

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Affinities and estrogenic potencies of estrogen esters and ethers at the estrogen receptors

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Production rates, secretion rates, clearance rates, and blood levels of major sex hormones

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such as testosterone powerfully oppose estrogen action in the breasts, such as by reducing

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Synthetic and natural estrogens have been found in the environment and are referred to as

8: 18840: 18755: 17819: 17603: 17460: 17426: 17236: 16936: 16554: 16498: 16422: 16316: 16148: 15828: 15824: 15757: 15628: 15348: 15255: 15237: 15227: 15197: 14871: 14856: 14821: 14657: 14485: 14091: 14086: 14058: 14021: 13854: 13839: 13803: 13597: 13572: 13562: 13512: 13487: 13482: 13477: 13123: 11084:"Estrogen shapes dopamine-dependent cognitive processes: implications for women's health" 8492: 8430: 8345: 7930: 7781: 7041: 6240: 5933: 5894: 5500: 5033: 4942: 4777: 4701: 4682: 4625: 4530: 2419: 2319: 1216: 618: 16851: 11883:

Wu MV, Manoli DS, Fraser EJ, Coats JK, Tollkuhn J, Honda S, et al. (October 2009).

10845:"Role of Estrogen and Other Sex Hormones in Brain Aging. Neuroprotection and DNA Repair" 9405: 8977: 509: 19013: 19008: 18922: 18706: 18587: 18169: 17783: 17443: 17101: 17018: 16963: 16806: 16766: 16756: 16696: 16665: 16006: 15952: 15836: 15820: 15777: 15730: 15251: 15247: 15177: 15087: 15072: 15057: 14986: 13826: 13617: 13592: 13577: 13527: 13462: 13414: 13327: 13252: 13223: 13198: 13174: 13149: 12939: 12914: 12860: 12808: 12718: 12632: 12607: 12436: 12411: 12382: 12355: 12336: 12285: 12258: 12239: 12181: 12156: 12132: 12107: 12061: 12011: 11961: 11909: 11884: 11865: 11817: 11792: 11768: 11743: 11721: 11670: 11645: 11626: 11578: 11553: 11489: 11464: 11445: 11336: 11293: 11250: 11207: 11159: 11132: 11108: 11083: 11018: 10993: 10969: 10944: 10920: 10895: 10871: 10844: 10569: 10521: 10496: 10477: 10434: 10422: 10390: 10342: 10317: 10293: 10268: 10242: 10186: 10159: 10047: 10022: 9979: 9954: 9927: 9876: 9851: 9827: 9802: 9794: 9778: 9751: 9726: 9701: 9682: 9639: 9591: 9566: 9542: 9515: 9496: 9422: 9389: 9141: 9116: 9097: 8989: 8938: 8917: 8893: 8868: 8787: 8703: 8369: 8357: 6965: 6345: 6004: 5862: 5724: 5700: 5601: 5508: 5261: 5239: 5217: 5195: 4950: 4946: 4720: 4663: 4587: 4298: 3990: 3962: 3532: 2744: 1744: 1619: 1341: 991: 966: 941: 916: 544: 536: 210: 18510: 16786: 15493: 15488: 15162: 13286: 12706: 11644:

Klump KL, Keel PK, Racine SE, Burt SA, Burt AS, Neale M, et al. (February 2013).

10378: 9388:

Hess RA, Bunick D, Lee KH, Bahr J, Taylor JA, Korach KS, et al. (December 1997).

9269: 9242: 9178: 8775: 8739: 8722: 7206: 6084:

growth. It is also indirectly involved in the lobuloalveolar component, by increasing

505: 19003: 18520: 18294: 17743: 16751: 16746: 16673: 16662: 16514: 16327: 16177: 15868: 15816: 15691: 15217: 15137: 14727: 14667: 14013: 13702: 13602: 13557: 13532: 13437: 13228: 13179: 13104: 13069: 13003: 12944: 12895: 12852: 12813: 12795: 12785: 12745: 12710: 12675: 12637: 12588: 12545: 12522: 12469: 12441: 12387: 12328: 12290: 12231: 12186: 12137: 12088: 12053: 12003: 11953: 11914: 11857: 11822: 11773: 11713: 11675: 11618: 11614: 11583: 11529: 11494: 11437: 11377: 11328: 11285: 11242: 11238: 11199: 11164: 11113: 11064: 11023: 10974: 10925: 10876: 10823: 10796: 10769: 10742: 10715: 10688: 10661: 10631: 10599: 10561: 10526: 10469: 10426: 10382: 10347: 10333: 10298: 10234: 10191: 10113: 10077: 10052: 9984: 9932: 9912: 9881: 9832: 9783: 9731: 9674: 9670: 9631: 9627: 9596: 9547: 9488: 9427: 9335: 9310: 9274: 9223: 9182: 9146: 9089: 9052: 9027: 9017: 8943: 8898: 8849: 8822: 8812: 8779: 8744: 8686:

Mechoulam R, Brueggemeier RW, Denlinger DL (September 2005). "Estrogens in insects".

8668: 8637: 8604: 8574: 8300: 8288: 8180: 8156: 8037: 7069: 6740:

Incidence rate ratios (IRRs) of first VTE during pregnancy and the postpartum period

6208: 6103: 6096:

and prolactin work together to complete lobuloalveolar development during pregnancy.

6081: 5955: 5937: 5818: 5474: 5283: 5003: 4874: 4494: 4364: 4351: 3872: 3862: 3407: 1869: 1191: 578: 533: 307: 256: 124: 119: 16901: 15541: 15536: 15478: 15047: 12864: 12722: 12243: 12015: 11965: 11869: 11725: 11630: 11449: 11340: 11211: 10573: 10481: 10438: 10394: 10246: 9686: 9643: 9500: 9101: 8993: 8791: 8707: 5680:, and seems to have much stronger anti-obesity effects than testosterone in general. 19088: 19083: 18988: 18770: 18239: 17204: 16951: 16836: 16776: 16771: 16761: 16741: 16701: 16389: 16377: 15989: 15905: 15718: 15403: 15319: 15192: 15187: 15182: 15142: 15107: 15092: 15082: 15077: 15067: 15062: 14971: 14745: 14662: 14652: 13980: 13975: 13663: 13218: 13210: 13169: 13161: 13096: 13061: 12999: 12934: 12926: 12887: 12844: 12803: 12777: 12702: 12667: 12627: 12619: 12578: 12512: 12431: 12423: 12377: 12367: 12340: 12320: 12280: 12270: 12223: 12176: 12168: 12127: 12119: 12065: 12045: 11995: 11945: 11904: 11896: 11849: 11812: 11804: 11763: 11755: 11705: 11665: 11657: 11610: 11573: 11565: 11521: 11484: 11480: 11476: 11433: 11429: 11367: 11320: 11297: 11277: 11254: 11234: 11191: 11154: 11144: 11103: 11099: 11095: 11054: 11013: 11005: 10964: 10956: 10915: 10907: 10866: 10856: 10553: 10516: 10508: 10461: 10418: 10374: 10337: 10329: 10288: 10280: 10226: 10181: 10171: 10042: 10034: 9974: 9966: 9922: 9904: 9871: 9863: 9822: 9818: 9814: 9773: 9763: 9721: 9713: 9666: 9623: 9586: 9578: 9537: 9527: 9480: 9417: 9409: 9302: 9264: 9254: 9213: 9174: 9136: 9132: 9128: 9085: 9081: 8981: 8933: 8925: 8888: 8880: 8771: 8734: 8695: 8373: 8204: 7980: 7966: 7956: 7940: 7862: 7857:

into the much less potent estrogen estrone. These reactions occur primarily in the

7221: 7145:. Some estrogens are also produced in smaller amounts by other tissues such as the 7138: 6270:. Contrarily, local application of estrogen has been shown to block the ability of 6127: 6012: 5666:

in some body parts such as breasts, buttocks, and legs but decreased abdominal and

5659: 5437: 5415: 5371: 5349: 5327: 5305: 4796: 4186: 3786: 3507: 3382: 3357: 1844: 1644: 1166: 1141: 1091: 1066: 1041: 1016: 891: 563: 548: 540: 417: 16881: 15037: 12427: 11465:"Comparison of the effects of estradiol and progesterone on serotonergic function" 7100: 5557: 3844:

Relative affinities of estrogens for steroid hormone receptors and blood proteins

18329: 18062: 17936: 17568: 17515: 17470: 17271: 16473: 16409: 16097: 16050: 15927: 15603: 15551: 15523: 15433: 15428: 15242: 15232: 14976: 14881: 14876: 14846: 14305: 13938: 13733: 13021: 12781: 12623: 12463: 10212:"Estrogen regulates pulmonary alveolar formation, loss, and regeneration in mice" 10038: 9970: 9908: 9582: 8446: 8336: 8192: 8168: 7923: 7850: 7846: 7815: 7640: 7456: 7426: 7318: 7217: 7185: 7114: 6390: 6302: 5949: 5704: 5632: 4758: 4242: 3482: 2844: 2169: 1719: 582: 571: 517: 475: 264: 244: 159: 95: 18040: 18036: 18014: 12324: 12172: 12049: 11793:"Ovarian hormones and binge eating: exploring associations in community samples" 11281: 11059: 11042: 11009: 10512: 10465: 8629: 7797: 5596:, increased sensitivity to exercise, protection against muscle damage, stronger 2944: 2919: 2869: 18800: 18562: 18434: 17863: 17583: 17555: 17547: 17386: 17291: 17281: 17226: 17221: 17123: 16941: 16841: 16631: 16583: 16446: 16434: 16067: 15749: 15566: 15546: 15408: 15112: 14841: 14780: 14672: 14629: 14620: 14457: 14426: 14398: 14343: 13955: 13886: 13627: 13429: 12459: 12123: 11900: 11372: 11355: 10960: 10230: 9717: 8543: 8401: 8200: 7197: 7170: 7134: 7088: 7045: 7005: 6353: 6224: 6077: 6053: 5663: 4941:

and yeast have the capacity to hydrolyze estrogen esters. = The affinities of

4938: 4888: 4412: 4399: 3808:

proteins (except the ERβ values from Kuiper et al. (1997), which are rat ERβ).

3632: 3282: 521: 413: 30:

This article is about estrogens as hormones. For their use as medications, see

15639: 14238: 12891: 12848: 11853: 11808: 11709: 10557: 10176: 9702:"Sex-based differences in skeletal muscle kinetics and fiber-type composition" 9567:"Mechanisms behind estrogen's beneficial effect on muscle strength in females" 9484: 8985: 8929: 5488:

rats after 72 hours with continuous administration of 1 μg/hour via

3707: 2369: 18982: 18414: 18249: 18224: 18004: 17922: 17755: 17733: 17588: 17465: 17197: 17048: 17006: 16033: 15334: 14836: 14467: 14243: 12930: 12799: 12526: 12372: 12275: 11759: 11324: 11195: 11149: 10861: 10544:

Kleinberg DL (February 1998). "Role of IGF-I in normal mammary development".

9532: 9227: 8508: 8480: 8457: 8380: 8322: 8006: 7990: 7811: 7181: 7158: 7142: 7065: 6985: 6945: 6236: 6232: 6220: 6196: 6073: 5856: 4373: 3657: 1416: 866: 841: 252: 112: 99: 12671: 12517: 12500: 11949: 11554:"Estrogens stimulate serotonin neurons to inhibit binge-like eating in mice" 10816:

Wilson CB, Nizet V, Maldonado Y, Remington JS, Klein JO (24 February 2015).

10157: 9901:

Sex and Gender Factors Affecting Metabolic Homeostasis, Diabetes and Obesity

9259: 9218: 9201: 9031: 18582: 18554: 18530: 18399: 18324: 18234: 18229: 18219: 18022: 17988: 17978: 17974: 17909: 17903: 17835: 17331: 17321: 17296: 17160: 17113: 16967: 16955: 16456: 16393: 16332: 16261: 16256: 16251: 16246: 16226: 16221: 16168: 16135: 16115: 16109: 16105: 15964: 15959: 15753: 15734: 15674: 15561: 15556: 15508: 15453: 15443: 15438: 15324: 15274: 14901: 14851: 14702: 14697: 14585: 14250: 14186: 14171: 14134: 14081: 14048: 13788: 13755: 13232: 13183: 13108: 13073: 12948: 12899: 12856: 12817: 12679: 12641: 12445: 12391: 12332: 12294: 12235: 12190: 12141: 12092: 12057: 12007: 11999: 11957: 11918: 11861: 11826: 11777: 11717: 11679: 11587: 11533: 11498: 11441: 11381: 11332: 11289: 11246: 11203: 11168: 11117: 11068: 11027: 10978: 10929: 10880: 10530: 10473: 10430: 10351: 10302: 10284: 10238: 10195: 10056: 9988: 9936: 9885: 9836: 9787: 9735: 9600: 9551: 9492: 9314: 9306: 9278: 9241:

Lin CY, Ström A, Vega VB, Kong SL, Yeo AL, Thomsen JS, et al. (2004).

9186: 9150: 9093: 8947: 8902: 8853: 8826: 8783: 8748: 8641: 8434: 7685: 7483: 7345: 7232: 7025: 6984:

immune responses are downregulated, likely to be at least partially due to

6361: 6349: 6314: 6306: 6291: 6255: 6131: 6093: 5967: 5915: 5800: 5749: 5667: 5621: 5593: 5561: 5492: 4916: 3200: 2219: 2144: 2119: 471: 314: 87: 12729: 12714: 12592: 12583: 12566: 12565:

Hemsell DL, Grodin JM, Brenner PF, Siiteri PK, MacDonald PC (March 1974).

12487:

high estrogen amplifies your stress hormone responses to stressful things

11622: 11552:

Cao X, Xu P, Oyola MG, Xia Y, Yan X, Saito K, et al. (October 2014).

10565: 10386: 9678: 9635: 9431: 8672: 18927: 18855: 18820: 18815: 18775: 18745: 18731: 18721: 18716: 18545: 18489: 18484: 18379: 18374: 18354: 18304: 18279: 18274: 18199: 18189: 18106: 18102: 18098: 18090: 18080: 18076: 18044: 18032: 18018: 18010: 17950: 17883: 17827: 17799: 17633: 17608: 17480: 17381: 17256: 17180: 17150: 17001: 16981: 16931: 16885: 16781: 16490: 16463: 16442: 16438: 16430: 16415: 16405: 16357: 16296: 16291: 16241: 16129: 16072: 15898: 15848: 15767: 15708: 15593: 15483: 15368: 15266: 15157: 14799: 14775: 14562: 14434: 14411: 13913: 13816: 13683: 12106:

Nadkarni S, Cooper D, Brancaleone V, Bena S, Perretti M (November 2011).

10819:

Remington and Klein's Infectious Diseases of the Fetus and Newborn Infant

9867: 9011: 8484: 8442: 8326: 8284: 7210: 7189: 6382: 6271: 6243:

is typically triggered by low estrogen levels, and is often mistaken for

6027: 5880: 5841:

Estrogen is known to cause darkening of skin, especially in the face and

5771: 5767: 5743: 5718: 5677: 5589: 5485: 5173: 5028: 4386: 4130: 3172: 3144: 3069: 3044: 3019: 2894: 2794: 2669: 2294: 2269: 1944: 816: 614: 299: 198: 13279:"Products containing estrogenic hormones, placental extract or vitamins" 12772:

Fuentes N, Silveyra P (2019). "Estrogen receptor signaling mechanisms".

12658:

Nelson LR, Bulun SE (September 2001). "Estrogen production and action".

12412:"Estrogen receptors regulate innate immune cells and signaling pathways" 9768: 18870: 18850: 18825: 18672: 18617: 18572: 18550: 18459: 18454: 18424: 18409: 18404: 18369: 18259: 18214: 18194: 18072: 18066: 17970: 17958: 17918: 17899: 17875: 17859: 17769: 17765: 17739: 17725: 17678: 17673: 17668: 17658: 17628: 17598: 17593: 17573: 17510: 17431: 17411: 17396: 17391: 17336: 17286: 17187: 17128: 17061: 17056: 17033: 16971: 16946: 16539: 16480: 16362: 16347: 16306: 16281: 16271: 16266: 16236: 16211: 16055: 16021: 15994: 15984: 15979: 15969: 15942: 15937: 15792: 15787: 15598: 15042: 14543: 14462: 14348: 13998: 13950: 13879: 13874: 11463:

Benmansour S, Weaver RS, Barton AK, Adeniji OS, Frazer A (April 2012).

10945:"Estrogen Effects on Cognitive and Synaptic Health Over the Lifecourse" 10073:

Histology: A Text and Atlas: With Correlated Cell and Molecular Biology

8699: 8507:

on the market include estrogens and placental extracts; others contain

8473: 8461: 8272: 8196: 8160: 7807: 6997: 6993: 6150: 6020: 5731: 5650: 5512: 4892: 4867: 4834: 4158: 3797: 3332: 3307: 3094: 2819: 2719: 2694: 2569: 2469: 2194: 2094: 2069: 2044: 2019: 1969: 1819: 1794: 501: 283: 65:, the major estrogen sex hormone in humans and a widely used medication 48: 17371: 16866: 14512: 13100: 13065: 12227: 10896:"Estrogen and cognitive functioning in women: lessons we have learned" 10219:

American Journal of Physiology. Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology

9948: 9946: 8884: 2344: 172: 18865: 18845: 18785: 18765: 18607: 18444: 18319: 18314: 18299: 18284: 18244: 18126: 18094: 18052: 18000: 17996: 17992: 17982: 17962: 17946: 17895: 17871: 17867: 17855: 17847: 17843: 17803: 17791: 17775: 17761: 17751: 17747: 17703: 17563: 17537: 17525: 17500: 17490: 17475: 17455: 17406: 17306: 17301: 17276: 17266: 17231: 17091: 17066: 17028: 16986: 16467: 16450: 16426: 16367: 16342: 16276: 16231: 16038: 16026: 16016: 15932: 15922: 15745: 15583: 15531: 15022: 14682: 14265: 14194: 14076: 13988: 13923: 13849: 13364: 13350: 13214: 13165: 11661: 11569: 11525: 10911: 8515:

topically applied hormone-containing drug products for human use are

8469: 8410: 8188: 8164: 7915: 7838: 7575: 7399: 7225: 6957: 6378: 6365: 6310: 6295: 6267: 6251: 6228: 6200: 6138: 6134: 6089: 6069: 6065: 6035: 6024: 5973: 5927: 5735: 5727: 5673: 5550: 4815: 4270: 4214: 2994: 2769: 2594: 2519: 1994: 1919: 1769: 1694: 1669: 1469: 489: 488:

Minor endogenous estrogens, the biosyntheses of which do not involve

482: 459: 447: 435: 379: 282:

In addition to their role as natural hormones, estrogens are used as

248: 218: 83: 62: 16811: 13148:

Liney KE, Jobling S, Shears JA, Simpson P, Tyler CR (October 2005).

10141:"Researchers discover genetic causes of higher melanoma risk in men" 9364:"Science News Online (12/6/97): Estrogen's Emerging Manly Alter Ego" 8520:

implied drug claim, subjecting such a product to regulatory action.

8417: 2444: 18736: 18726: 18429: 18289: 18209: 18204: 18137: 17954: 17891: 17887: 17851: 17839: 17811: 17807: 17795: 17787: 17717: 17505: 17495: 17341: 17326: 17311: 17246: 17241: 17086: 16996: 16549: 16484: 16385: 16216: 15761: 15714: 15017: 14808: 14785: 14677: 14416: 14315: 14297: 14255: 14233: 14156: 14148: 14111: 14040: 13918: 13811: 13773: 11933: 11400:

The Massachusetts General Hospital Center for Women's Mental Health

11041:

Au A, Feher A, McPhee L, Jessa A, Oh S, Einstein G (January 2016).

10097: 9943: 9516:"Effect of Estrogen on Musculoskeletal Performance and Injury Risk" 8465: 8365: 8353: 7150: 7126: 6989: 6977: 6973: 6099: 6016: 5977: 5919: 5756: 5739: 5617: 5609: 5597: 5585: 5546: 4919: 4862: 3792: 3682: 2644: 2244: 467: 463: 455: 443: 395: 303: 237: 230: 16198: 14741:

11-Dehydrocorticosterone (11-oxocorticosterone, 17-deoxycortisone)

12154: 11885:"Estrogen masculinizes neural pathways and sex-specific behaviors" 9899:

Rubinow KB (2017). "Estrogens and Body Weight Regulation in Men".

9413: 7110: 6964:, the tradeoff of this is that they are more likely to develop an 18891: 18637: 18449: 18349: 18339: 18334: 18114: 18058: 18048: 17940: 17815: 17623: 17618: 17520: 17485: 17416: 17316: 17165: 17133: 17071: 16534: 16087: 15032: 15027: 14546: 14320: 14287: 14282: 14274: 14161: 14096: 13967: 13725: 12209:"The effects of sex hormones on immune function: a meta-analysis" 9750:

Frank AP, de Souza Santos R, Palmer BF, Clegg DJ (October 2019).

8504: 8450: 8349: 8310: 8306: 8176: 8172: 7998: 7948: 7510: 7372: 7001: 6953: 6393: 6130:. In addition, estrogens play an important role in regulation of 6061: 6000: 5846: 5842: 5836: 5710: 5693: 5481: 4884: 4102: 2969: 2544: 2494: 1444: 610: 606: 439: 431: 387: 371: 226: 222: 214: 9072:

Baker ME (March 2013). "What are the physiological estrogens?".

8869:"Membrane estrogen receptor regulation of hypothalamic function" 8147: 7036:

or binding DNA together with other transcriptional factors e.g.

6114:

Estrogens are responsible for maturation and maintenance of the

407: 18810: 18805: 18662: 17926: 17914: 17729: 17698: 17693: 17688: 17421: 17076: 14444: 14406: 14225: 14166: 11224: 10266: 9749: 9114: 8230: 8100: 8076: 8067: 8052: 8046: 7826: 7822: 7818: 7174: 7013: 6961: 6185: 6119: 6115: 5959: 5908: 5900: 5887: 5613: 5605: 5478: 5022: 4993:

Selected biological properties of endogenous estrogens in rats

4935: 4881: 4878: 3119: 626: 581:(ER), a dimeric nuclear protein that binds to DNA and controls 479: 271:. Additionally, estrogens bind to and activate rapid-signaling 18156: 16189: 11981:"Androgens, androgen receptors, and male gender role behavior" 9952: 9849: 8685: 5936:, which then triggers ovulation by releasing the egg from the 5484:. Uterine weight = Percentage change in uterine wet weight of 4931: 4927: 4504: 4499: 3805: 3801: 709: 704: 699: 694: 132: 128: 18886: 18760: 18642: 18612: 17831: 17713: 17542: 14477: 14452: 14363: 14335: 14068: 12105: 11462: 10815: 9850:

Janssen I, Powell LH, Kazlauskaite R, Dugan SA (March 2010).

9331:

Counseling the Nursing Mother: A Lactation Consultant's Guide

9117:"DHEA metabolites activate estrogen receptors alpha and beta" 8404: 8254: 8246: 8234: 7858: 7166: 7146: 7122: 7009: 6219:

Estrogen is considered to play a significant role in women's

6154: 6123: 5941: 5828: 5822: 5790: 5778: 4923: 2619: 622: 598: 13319: 13196: 8761: 7133:(FSH) stimulates the ovarian production of estrogens by the 6060:(IGF-1), is critical in mediating breast development during 229:, is the most potent and prevalent. Another estrogen called 57: 18906: 18687: 18597: 17966: 17721: 13694: 12692: 12608:"Extra-gonadal sites of estrogen biosynthesis and function" 12606:

Barakat R, Oakley O, Kim H, Jin J, Ko CJ (September 2016).

12564: 9321: 9163: 8966:

International Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry

8250: 7162: 7154: 6981: 6254:

in male lab mice, OCD rituals were dramatically decreased.

6088:

expression in the breasts and by inducing the secretion of

6031: 3228: 659:

Affinities of estrogen receptor ligands for the ERα and ERβ

276: 268: 140: 12310: 12207:

Foo YZ, Nakagawa S, Rhodes G, Simmons LW (February 2017).

11741: 9656: 9291: 6199:

scores are frequently used as one measure of higher level

430:

The four major naturally occurring estrogens in women are

18741: 13147: 12216:

Biological Reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society

10701: 10451: 10407: 9659:

The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

7033: 6969: 6949: 6008: 594: 12206: 12079:

Rosano GM, Panina G (1999). "Oestrogens and the heart".

11791:

Klump KL, Keel PK, Culbert KM, Edler C (December 2008).

10942: 10318:"Roles for oestrogen receptor β in adult brain function" 10316:

Handa RJ, Ogawa S, Wang JM, Herbison AE (January 2012).

9051:. Springer Science & Business Media. pp. 548–. 6223:. Sudden estrogen withdrawal, fluctuating estrogen, and 5995:

Estrogens are responsible for the development of female

13623:

Estramustine phosphate (estradiol normustine phosphate)

13086: 11267: 10943:

Hara Y, Waters EM, McEwen BS, Morrison JH (July 2015).

10842: 9699: 9470: 9390:"A role for oestrogens in the male reproductive system" 8915: 7117:, showing estrogens at bottom right as in pink triangle 6137:. For these reasons, estrogens are required for female 4417: 3923: 570:

of estradiol, the primary type of estrogen, during the

17057:

Epiestriol (16β-epiestriol, 16β-hydroxy-17β-estradiol)

16474: 16457: 16123: 16116: 13283:

Guide to Inspections of Cosmetic Product Manufacturers

12765: 12492: 10315: 9801:

Brown LM, Gent L, Davis K, Clegg DJ (September 2010).

9564: 8916:

Prossnitz ER, Arterburn JB, Sklar LA (February 2007).

8596: 7032:

either by binding estrogen response elements (ERE) on

6241:

Menstrual exacerbation (including menstrual psychosis)

6157:

have neuroprotective effects. Estrogen regulates the

201:

responsible for the development and regulation of the

19029:

Hormones of the hypothalamic-pituitary-prolactin axis

13743: 11934:"Aromatase deficiency in men: a clinical perspective" 11790: 11600: 10707: 10103: 9700:

Haizlip KM, Harrison BC, Leinwand LA (January 2015).

7231:

Note that in males, estrogen is also produced by the

7121:

Estrogens, in females, are produced primarily by the

6360:

throughout life. Due to hypoestrogenism, the risk of

5954:

Estrogen is required for female mammals to engage in

5821:) and water retention, including facial swelling and 16140: 16061:

Methestrol dipropionate (promethestrol dipropionate)

12966:"Origin in Biomedical Terms: oestrogen or oestrogen" 12774:

Advances in Protein Chemistry and Structural Biology

12571:

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism

11419: 11081: 10741:. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 445–. 10063: 9167:

Journal of the Society for Gynecologic Investigation

8798: 7868: 7072:

involving estrogen signaling or metabolism, such as

5045: 4404: 3913: 325: 12605: 12306: 12304: 11882: 11643: 10684:

Hormones and Breast Cancer in Post-Menopausal Women

10649: 10647: 10494: 9800: 8456:Plant products with estrogenic activity are called 4485: 16203:Tooltip selective estrogen receptor downregulators 12501:"Diagram of the pathways of human steroidogenesis" 12498: 12112:Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology 11040: 10619: 10617: 10615: 9565:Lowe DA, Baltgalvis KA, Greising SM (April 2010). 9334:. Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC. p. 93. 8963: 8918:"GPR30: A G protein-coupled receptor for estrogen" 8627: 4391: 3903: 255:. Once inside the cell, they bind to and activate 213:estrogens that have estrogenic hormonal activity: 19024:Hormones of the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonad axis 13272: 13270: 12465:Estrogen's Storm Season: stories of perimenopause 12202: 12200: 11511: 11353: 9387: 7060:Researchers have implicated estrogens in various 6144: 5628:tears are 2-8x more common among women than men). 5466: 5053: 5012: 4474: 18980: 16661: 14756:11β-Hydroxyprogesterone (21-deoxycorticosterone) 13316:, Taylor and Francis 2001. Free online textbook. 13248:"Preschool Puberty, and a Search for the Causes" 13041: 12960: 12958: 12301: 11839: 10644: 9513: 9446:"Estrogen Linked To Sperm Count, Male Fertility" 9240: 5592:and strength, speed of muscle regeneration, and 16027:Mestilbol (diethylstilbestrol monomethyl ether) 15669: 12771: 12653: 12651: 12353: 12347: 11695: 11310: 10809: 10788: 10782: 10674: 10612: 9327: 8804: 5932:Surge in estrogen level induces the release of 5676:also regulates energy expenditure, body weight 4378: 3893: 18161:Tooltip Selective estrogen receptor modulators 17516:Furostilbestrol (diethylstilbestrol difuroate) 16877:16β,17α-Epiestriol (16β-hydroxy-17α-estradiol) 16194:Tooltip selective estrogen receptor modulators 15053:16β,17α-Epiestriol (16β-hydroxy-17α-estradiol) 13267: 12660:Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology 12405: 12403: 12401: 12197: 10708:Silbernagl S, Despopoulos A (1 January 2011). 10587: 10585: 10583: 10209: 10112:. Jones & Bartlett Learning. p. 248. 10023:"Sex hormone effects on body fluid regulation" 8839: 8628:Delgado BJ, Lopez-Ojeda W (20 December 2021). 8566: 5990: 458:and menopause stages of life. However, during 16707:3-Methyl-19-methyleneandrosta-3,5-dien-17β-ol 16647: 16017:Dimestrol (diethylstilbestrol dimethyl ether) 15655: 14528: 13710: 13335: 13190: 13141: 13080: 13035: 12955: 12906: 12828: 12776:. Vol. 116. Elsevier. pp. 135–170. 11931: 11551: 11130: 10789:Strauss JF, Barbieri RL (13 September 2013). 10755: 9803:"Metabolic impact of sex hormones on obesity" 9193: 8866: 8679: 8199:of estradiol that have one or more available 7886: 7307: 7300: 7250: 7180:In females, synthesis of estrogens starts in 6411: 6330: 6109: 5600:synthesis, increases the collagen content of 4979: 4446: 4339: 3883: 3830: 644: 343: 16817:10β,17β-Dihydroxyestra-1,4-dien-3-one (DHED) 12648: 12148: 12099: 12078: 12072: 12029: 11972: 11925: 11876: 11737: 11735: 11456: 11413: 11304: 11261: 11218: 11034: 10985: 10936: 10887: 10738:High-yield Comprehensive USMLE Step 1 Review 10653: 10445: 10401: 10309: 10269:"Hormonal regulation of female reproduction" 10203: 9743: 9464: 9438: 9285: 9234: 9157: 9108: 9065: 8959: 8957: 8909: 8860: 6389:. Estrogen has been shown to upregulate the 577:The actions of estrogen are mediated by the 18692:Tooltip G protein-coupled estrogen receptor 17511:Fosfestrol (diethylstilbestrol diphosphate) 16149: 16022:Fosfestrol (diethylstilbestrol diphosphate) 12992:Journal of the American Medical Association 12877: 12744:. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 530. 12742:Clinical Endocrinology: Theory and Practice 12657: 12558: 12398: 12250: 10991: 10822:. Elsevier Health Sciences. pp. 190–. 10795:. Elsevier Health Sciences. pp. 236–. 10768:. Elsevier Health Sciences. pp. 146–. 10680: 10623: 10580: 10537: 10358: 10110:Exploring the Dimensions of Human Sexuality 10020: 9650: 9381: 9048:Clinical Endocrinology: Theory and Practice 9038: 8833: 8755: 8597:Satoskar RS, Rege N, Bhandarkar SD (2017). 8229:Estrogens are inactivated primarily by the 5496: 5034: 17654:Triphenylmethylethylene (triphenylpropene) 16978:, many others; via estrogenic metabolites) 16902:17α-Epiestriol (16α-hydroxy-17α-estradiol) 16654: 16640: 15662: 15648: 15048:17α-Epiestriol (16α-hydroxy-17α-estradiol) 14535: 14521: 13717: 13703: 13342: 13328: 12735: 11181: 10843:Zárate S, Stevnsner T, Gredilla R (2017). 10792:Yen and Jaffe's Reproductive Endocrinology 10765:Maternal, Fetal, & Neonatal Physiology 10501:Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology 10488: 9044: 8652: 8517:generally recognized as safe and effective 7893: 7879: 7257: 7243: 7220:, with levels highest near the end of the 6418: 6404: 5831:, including facial and abdominal swelling. 4986: 4972: 4453: 4439: 3837: 3823: 651: 637: 350: 336: 16674: 16178: 15943:Prasterone (dehydroepiandrosterone; DHEA) 15692: 13222: 13173: 13055: 12938: 12807: 12631: 12582: 12516: 12435: 12381: 12371: 12284: 12274: 12180: 12131: 11908: 11816: 11784: 11767: 11732: 11669: 11637: 11577: 11488: 11371: 11158: 11148: 11107: 11058: 11017: 10968: 10919: 10870: 10860: 10761: 10728: 10660:. Elsevier Health Sciences. p. 413. 10543: 10520: 10341: 10292: 10185: 10175: 10046: 9978: 9926: 9875: 9826: 9777: 9767: 9725: 9590: 9541: 9531: 9421: 9268: 9258: 9217: 9199: 9140: 9013:Reproductive and developmental toxicology 8954: 8937: 8892: 8738: 8714: 8603:. Elsevier Health Sciences. p. 943. 8573:. Elsevier Health Sciences. p. 767. 8562: 8560: 8558: 6960:and are generally less likely to develop 5463: 5004: 4365: 4352: 3873: 3863: 532:. Some estrogen metabolites, such as the 15899:Estropipate (piperazine estrone sulfate) 13684:Estropipate (piperazine estrone sulfate) 13245: 12880:The Psychiatric Clinics of North America 12354:Khan D, Ansar Ahmed S (6 January 2016). 12259:"Sex Hormones Determine Immune Response" 11691: 11689: 11594: 10364: 10104:Greenberg J, Bruess C, Oswalt S (2014). 9607: 9295:Genetic Testing and Molecular Biomarkers 7802:Estradiol (medication) § Metabolism 7184:cells in the ovary, by the synthesis of 7109: 7055: 6371: 6290:Estrogen may play a role in suppressing 562: 357:Structures of major endogenous estrogens 233:(E4) is produced only during pregnancy. 14542: 13405:Estradiol-containing birth control pill 11131:Colzato LS, Hommel B (1 January 2014). 11043:"Estrogens, inflammation and cognition" 10893: 10591: 10495:Brisken C, O'Malley B (December 2010). 10210:Massaro D, Massaro GD (December 2004). 10076:. Wolters Kluwer Health. p. 1481. 10069: 9898: 8590: 8291:as part of feminizing hormone therapy. 7235:when FSH binds to their FSH receptors. 4422:Tooltip Corticosteroid-binding globulin 3928:Tooltip Corticosteroid binding globulin 14: 18981: 14837:Adrenosterone (11-ketoandrostenedione) 13089:Environmental Science & Technology 12539: 12533: 12409: 12256: 11978: 11833: 11547: 11545: 11543: 11354:Grigoriadis S, Seeman MV (June 2002). 10681:Haslam SZ, Osuch JR (1 January 2006). 9361: 9009: 8842:Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 8811:. Oxford: BIOS: Taylor & Francis. 8720: 8621: 8555: 8491:Estrogens are among the wide range of 8386: 8195:) occurs in the case of estradiol and 8136: 8127: 8122: 8107: 8098: 8074: 8065: 8035: 8026: 8004: 7995: 7978: 7971: 7954: 7945: 6064:, as well as breast maturation during 6048:Breast development § Biochemistry 5709:Increase production of the hepatokine 5525: 568:Reference ranges for the blood content 558: 393: 377: 16635: 15643: 15043:16β-Epiestriol (16β-hydroxyestradiol) 14516: 13698: 13458:Estradiol benzoate cyclooctenyl ether 13323: 13313:Endocrinology, an integrated approach 12990:"Council on Pharmacy and Chemistry". 12458: 11686: 11558:The Journal of Clinical Investigation 11082:Jacobs E, D'Esposito M (April 2011). 10734: 10497:"Hormone action in the mammary gland" 10004:"Reasons Why Your Face Looks Swollen" 9071: 9005: 9003: 8808:Endocrinology: an integrated approach 8600:Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapeutics 8479:Those produced by fungi are known as 8089: 8044: 8017: 7988: 7964: 7938: 7928: 7921: 7000:and is enhanced, whereas activity of 6168: 6041: 5861:Promotes lung function by supporting 4898:half-maximal effective concentrations 385: 369: 320: 16145:Tooltip follicle-stimulating hormone 13124:"Don't Blame The Pill | Latest News" 12912: 12834: 12035: 11932:Rochira V, Carani C (October 2009). 10624:Norman AW, Henry HL (30 July 2014). 10546:Breast Cancer Research and Treatment 9616:Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology 9473:Molecular and Cellular Neurosciences 8922:Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology 8764:Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology 8688:Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences 8658: 8331:Estrogen (medication) § History 7912: 7012:secretion. Estrogen also influences 6381:, high levels of estrogens increase 5865:(in rodents but probably in humans). 5529: 5050:Tooltip Sex hormone-binding globulin 4945:for the ERs are similar to those of 4409:Tooltip sex hormone-binding globulin 3918:Tooltip Sex hormone-binding globulin 593:While estrogens are present in both 15213:Estradiol 3-glucuronide 17β-sulfate 13276: 11540: 10992:Korol DL, Pisani SL (August 2015). 10027:Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews 9613: 9571:Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews 8283:, and to treat gender dysphoria in 7091:responses in stressful situations. 6188:(sex drive) in both women and men. 625:and may be necessary for a healthy 24: 16550:Androvax (androstenedione albumin) 12544:. Benjamin-Cummings. p. 903. 10423:10.1097/01.GME.0000153933.50860.FD 10106:"Conception, Pregnancy, and Birth" 9000: 6339: 5612:, but also decreases stiffness of 4396:Tooltip mineralocorticoid receptor 3908:Tooltip Mineralocorticoid receptor 25: 19100: 19059:Mammal female reproductive system 18053:taleranol (teranol, β-zearalanol) 16968:metandienone (methandrostenolone) 16616:Progestogens and antiprogestogens 14761:18-Hydroxy-11-deoxycorticosterone 14611:11β,17α,21-Trihydroxypregnenolone 13583:Estradiol propoxyphenylpropionate 13410:Combined injectable birth control 13304: 13203:Environmental Health Perspectives 13154:Environmental Health Perspectives 13121: 12499:Häggström M, Richfield D (2014). 10001: 7216:Estrogen levels vary through the 6313:levels that occur during the mid- 5982:hypoactive sexual desire disorder 5058:Tooltip relative binding affinity 5017:Tooltip relative binding affinity 4479:Tooltip Relative binding affinity 18963:Progesterone receptor modulators 18717:Afimoxifene (4-hydroxytamoxifen) 17599:Prinaberel (ERB-041, WAY-202041) 16012:Diethylstilbestrol esters/ethers 16007:Diethylstilbestrol (stilbestrol) 14205:5-Methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine 13239: 13115: 13018:"Greek Word Study Tool: oistros" 13010: 13004:10.1001/jama.1936.02770410043011 12983: 12871: 12686: 11239:10.1097/00012272-200510000-00008 11227:ANS. Advances in Nursing Science 10334:10.1111/j.1365-2826.2011.02206.x 8179:) in humans. In addition to the 8146: 7904: 7855:17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 7203:17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 6939: 6214: 6126:function, such as maturation of 5997:secondary sexual characteristics 5534: 603:secondary sexual characteristics 406: 361: 56: 19039:Hormones of the pregnant female 18660:Coregulator-binding modulators: 16927:17β-Methyl-17α-dihydroequilenin 14962:Dihydrotestosterone glucuronide 13246:Sanghavi DM (17 October 2006). 13128:Chemical & Engineering News 13044:Chemical Research in Toxicology 12915:"One hundred years of hormones" 12599: 12452: 11505: 11388: 11347: 11313:Biological Research for Nursing 11175: 11124: 11075: 11047:Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology 10849:Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience 10836: 10630:. Academic Press. p. 311. 10598:. Academic Press. p. 770. 10260: 10151: 10133: 10014: 9995: 9693: 9514:Chidi-Ogbolu N, Baar K (2018). 8805:Whitehead SA, Nussey S (2001). 8567:Huether SE, McCance KL (2019). 8379:The word estrogen derives from 7771: 7295:Reference range (serum levels) 7105: 7094: 7074:estrogen insensitivity syndrome 7004:is downregulated. Conventional 6285: 6245:premenstrual dysphoric disorder 6056:(GH) and its secretory product 5688:Maintenance of vessels and skin 5462:Values are mean ± SD or range. 4630:EDA; Estradiol 3,17β-diacetate 4383:Tooltip glucocorticoid receptor 3898:Tooltip Glucocorticoid receptor 621:important to the maturation of 609:, darkening and enlargement of 17491:Erteberel (SERBA-1, LY-500307) 16555:Ovandrotone albumin (Fecundin) 15741:) (via estrogenic metabolites) 14638:3α,5α-Tetrahydrocorticosterone 11748:Clinical Psychological Science 11650:Journal of Abnormal Psychology 11481:10.1016/j.biopsych.2011.11.023 11434:10.1016/j.biopsych.2006.01.012 11360:Canadian Journal of Psychiatry 11100:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.6394-10.2011 10273:Hormone and Metabolic Research 9819:10.1016/j.brainres.2010.04.056 9448:. Science Blog. Archived from 9328:Lauwers J, Shinskie D (2004). 9133:10.1016/j.steroids.2012.10.002 9086:10.1016/j.steroids.2012.12.011 9045:A. Labhart (6 December 2012). 8867:Micevych PE, Kelly MJ (2012). 8723:"Androgen production in women" 8493:endocrine-disrupting compounds 8424: 8260: 6944:The effect of estrogen on the 6180:Sexual motivation and hormones 6145:Neuroprotection and DNA repair 6052:Estrogen, in conjunction with 5723:Increase circulating level of 5549:format but may read better as 13: 1: 19049:Human female endocrine system 18948:Receptor/signaling modulators 16912:17α-Ethynyl-3β-androstanediol 16907:17α-Ethynyl-3α-androstanediol 14917:3α-Androstanediol glucuronide 13380:Pharmacokinetics of estradiol 13375:Pharmacodynamics of estradiol 13349: 12707:10.1016/S0039-128X(98)00007-5 12428:10.1016/j.cellimm.2015.01.018 11938:Nature Reviews. Endocrinology 10762:Blackburn S (14 April 2014). 10379:10.1016/S0166-4328(97)00189-7 10322:Journal of Neuroendocrinology 9179:10.1016/s1071-5576(00)00049-6 8776:10.1016/S0303-7207(01)00420-8 8740:10.1016/S0015-0282(02)02985-0 8570:Understanding Pathophysiology 8549: 8534:List of steroid abbreviations 8441:Synthetic substances such as 7900:Estrogen metabolism in humans 7849:). In addition, estradiol is 7791: 7101:Estradiol § Biochemistry 7062:estrogen-dependent conditions 6892: Early postpartum 6682: Early postpartum 6277: 5875:secondary sex characteristics 4649:EP; Estradiol 17β-propionate 4344:Tooltip progesterone receptor 3888:Tooltip Progesterone receptor 1292:Estradiol 3-gluc. 17β-sulfate 207:secondary sex characteristics 18958:Androgen receptor modulators 17262:Lynestrenol phenylpropionate 16606:Estrogen receptor modulators 16507:hydroxyprogesterone caproate 14606:17α,21-Dihydroxypregnenolone 13724: 13473:Estradiol cyclooctyl acetate 12782:10.1016/bs.apcsb.2019.01.001 12624:10.5483/BMBRep.2016.49.9.141 11979:Wilson JD (September 2001). 11615:10.1016/0006-3223(90)90412-u 10894:Sherwin BB (February 2012). 10595:Essential Medical Physiology 10039:10.1097/JES.0b013e31817be928 10021:Stachenfeld NS (July 2008). 9971:10.1016/j.molmet.2022.101482 9909:10.1007/978-3-319-70178-3_14 9671:10.1016/0960-0760(91)90292-d 9628:10.1016/0303-7207(84)90108-4 9583:10.1097/JES.0b013e3181d496bc 9362:Raloff J (6 December 1997). 8498: 8411: 8391: 8294: 8224: 7786:sex hormone-binding globulin 7131:Follicle-stimulating hormone 7125:, and during pregnancy, the 6909: Late postpartum 6711: Late postpartum 6191: 6173: 6058:insulin-like growth factor 1 5873:Mediate formation of female 5827:Estrogen is associated with 5646:Anti-inflammatory properties 4687:EC; Estradiol 17β-cypionate 188: 7: 18953:Estrogens and antiestrogens 18603:Oxabicycloheptene sulfonate 18290:Etacstil (GW-5638, DPC-974) 17466:Doisynoestrol (fenocycline) 17210:Ethinylestradiol 3-benzoate 16722:3β,5α-Dihydrolevonorgestrel 16717:3α,5α-Dihydrolevonorgestrel 16611:Androgens and antiandrogens 16547:Androstenedione immunogens: 16511:medroxyprogesterone acetate 16154:Tooltip luteinizing hormone 16034:Doisynoestrol (fenocycline) 14982:Etiocholanolone glucuronide 14967:Dihydrotestosterone sulfate 13548:Estradiol hexahydrobenzoate 13453:Estradiol benzoate butyrate 13370:Estradiol (as a medication) 12325:10.1016/j.yhbeh.2016.11.017 12257:Taneja V (27 August 2018). 12173:10.1136/bmjopen-2015-008864 12050:10.1016/j.yhbeh.2006.06.003 11088:The Journal of Neuroscience 11060:10.1016/j.yfrne.2016.01.002 11010:10.1016/j.yhbeh.2015.06.017 10654:Coad J, Dunstall M (2011). 10513:10.1101/cshperspect.a003178 10466:10.1016/j.yhbeh.2011.03.013 9016:. New York: Marcel Dekker. 8539:Breastfeeding and fertility 8527: 8281:hormone replacement therapy 7798:Estradiol § Metabolism 6948:is in general described as 6258:protein levels in the gene 6122:, and are also involved in 6092:. Allowed for by estrogen, 5991:Female pubertal development 5785:also through Angiotensin II 5039:Tooltip Luteinizing hormone 4904:) that were determined via 4860:(RBAs) were determined via 4858:Relative binding affinities 4782:E1G; Estrone 3-glucuronide 4668:EV; Estradiol 17β-valerate 3855:Relative binding affinities 1574:6,8-Didehydro-17α-estradiol 1549:6,8-Didehydro-17β-estradiol 680:Absolute binding affinities 674:Relative binding affinities 273:membrane estrogen receptors 10: 19105: 18670:Noncompetitive inhibitors: 18295:Ethamoxytriphetol (MER-25) 17456:Dimestrol (dianisylhexene) 17215:Ethinylestradiol sulfonate 16532:Mixed mechanism of action: 16304:Noncompetitive inhibitors: 16056:Methestrol (promethestrol) 15911:Ethinylestradiol sulfonate 14887:16α-Hydroxyandrostenedione 14832:11β-Hydroxyandrostenedione 14817:11-Ketodihydrotestosterone 14373:Insulin-like growth factor 13568:Estradiol phenylpropionate 13443:Estradiol acetylsalicylate 13420:Hydroxylation of estradiol 13400:Feminizing hormone therapy 13395:Menopausal hormone therapy 13390:Estrogen (as a medication) 12124:10.1161/ATVBAHA.111.235176 11901:10.1016/j.cell.2009.07.036 11373:10.1177/070674370204700504 10961:10.1152/physrev.00036.2014 10367:Behavioural Brain Research 10231:10.1152/ajplung.00228.2004 10164:Biology of Sex Differences 9718:10.1152/physiol.00024.2014 8405: 8320: 8316: 8298: 8264: 7843:UDP-glucuronyltransferases 7835:estrogen sulfotransferases 7795: 7452: 7098: 7087:High estrogen can amplify 7044:, both of which result in 6331:Masculinization in rodents 6184:Estrogens are involved in 6177: 6110:Female reproductive system 6045: 296:feminizing hormone therapy 288:menopausal hormone therapy 203:female reproductive system 29: 27:Primary female sex hormone 18940: 18915: 18879: 18712:7β-Hydroxyepiandrosterone 18699: 18685: 18498: 18270:Desmethylchlorotrianisene 18151: 17449:Diethylstilbestrol esters 17402:Bisdehydrodoisynolic acid 16822:11β-Chloromethylestradiol 16797:7β-Hydroxyepiandrosterone 16686: 16679:Tooltip Estrogen receptor 16672: 16567: 16524: 16376: 16315: 16289:Exclusively antagonistic: 16183:Tooltip Estrogen receptor 16176: 16167: 16096: 15697:Tooltip Estrogen receptor 15690: 15681: 15575: 15504:7β-Hydroxyepiandrosterone 15499:7α-Hydroxyepiandrosterone 15347: 15265: 15005: 14827:7β-Hydroxyepiandrosterone 14807: 14798: 14726: 14628: 14619: 14553: 14476: 14443: 14425: 14397: 14362: 14334: 14296: 14273: 14264: 14224: 14217: 14185: 14147: 14110: 14067: 14039: 14030: 14012: 13966: 13899: 13825: 13802: 13754: 13732: 13641: 13428: 13357: 12892:10.1016/j.psc.2016.10.006 12849:10.1080/13697130500148875 11854:10.1017/s0033291702006815 11809:10.1017/S0033291708002997 11710:10.1017/S0033291706008956 11137:Frontiers in Neuroscience 10714:. Thieme. pp. 305–. 10711:Color Atlas of Physiology 10687:. IOS Press. p. 69. 10177:10.1186/s13293-016-0070-1 9756:Journal of Lipid Research 9485:10.1016/j.mcn.2004.04.012 8986:10.1080/03067310701597293 8930:10.1016/j.mce.2006.12.010 8636:. StatPearls Publishing. 8421:, meaning "producer of". 8289:transfeminine individuals 8181:metabolic transformations 7729: 7684: 7639: 7574: 7509: 7314: 7294: 7289: 7284: 7279: 7274: 7271: 7268: 7082:aromatase excess syndrome 7068:, as well as a number of 6925: 6920: 6917: 6914: 6911: 6903: 6900: 6897: 6894: 6886: 6883: 6880: 6877: 6867: 6864: 6861: 6858: 6850: 6847: 6844: 6841: 6833: 6830: 6827: 6824: 6816: 6813: 6810: 6807: 6799: 6796: 6793: 6790: 6780: 6772: 6769: 6766: 6763: 6755: 6752: 6749: 6746: 6739: 6645: 6445: 6442: 6439: 6436: 6429: 5635:, increase bone formation 5471:Relative binding affinity 5458: 5009:Tooltip Estrogen receptor 4913:green fluorescent protein 4852: 4801:EE; 17α-Ethynylestradiol 4592:EB; Estradiol 3-benzoate 4569:Estradiol 17β-glucuronide 4483: 4469: 4464: 4370:Tooltip estrogen receptor 4357:Tooltip androgen receptor 4325: 3878:Tooltip Androgen receptor 3868:Tooltip Estrogen receptor 3853: 3848: 3781: 3583:Ethinyl-3β-androstanediol 3558:Ethinyl-3α-androstanediol 3312:19-Nortestosterone; 19-NT 2349:16α-Lactone-17β-estradiol 1949:4-Hydroxytamoxifen; 4-OHT 1774:Dihydrodiethylstilbestrol 1599:8,9-Dehydro-17β-estradiol 1267:Estradiol 17β-glucuronide 1221:Estradiol 3,17β-disulfate 1121:16α-OH-E1; 17-Ketoestriol 896:16β-Hydroxy-17α-estradiol 871:16α-Hydroxy-17α-estradiol 846:16β-Hydroxy-17β-estradiol 688: 678: 672: 669: 664: 514:7β-hydroxyepiandrosterone 171: 166: 152: 147: 118: 106: 75: 70: 55: 46: 41: 18776:Fulvestrant (ICI-182780) 18593:Methylpiperidinopyrazole 18546:Fulvestrant (ICI-182780) 18029:Resorcylic acid lactones 17252:Hydroxyestrone diacetate 17188:Etamestrol (eptamestrol) 15918:Hydroxyestrone diacetate 15845:estradiol ester mixtures 15389:5α-Dihydrocorticosterone 15330:Pregnanediol glucuronide 14992:Testosterone glucuronide 14952:Androsterone glucuronide 14897:16α-Hydroxy-DHEA sulfate 14766:18-Hydroxycorticosterone 14718:3α,5α-Tetrahydrocortisol 14643:5α-Dihydrocorticosterone 13553:Estradiol monopropionate 13523:Estradiol diundecylenate 13468:Estradiol butyrylacetate 13365:Estradiol (as a hormone) 12931:10.1038/sj.embor.7400444 12542:Anatomy & physiology 12373:10.3389/fimmu.2015.00635 12276:10.3389/fimmu.2018.01931 11760:10.1177/2167702614521794 11325:10.1177/1099800407305600 11196:10.1177/1754045312473873 11150:10.3389/fnins.2014.00065 10862:10.3389/fnagi.2017.00430 9533:10.3389/fphys.2018.01834 8721:Burger HG (April 2002). 8667:(8 Suppl): 3342s–3344s. 8323:Estradiol § History 7751:metabolic clearance rate 7048:recruitment and further 6839: Trimester 3 6822: Trimester 2 6805: Trimester 1 6596: Trimester 3 6567: Trimester 2 6538: Trimester 1 5490:subcutaneously implanted 4706:Estradiol 17β-palmitate 2727:0.0054 (<0.001–0.01) 2395:Methylpiperidinopyrazole 2199:Deaminohydroxytoremifene 1724:17α-Methyl-17β-estradiol 1346:EB; Estradiol 3-benzoate 1196:E2S; Estradiol 3-sulfate 796:E4; 15α,16α-Di-OH-17β-E2 613:, and thickening of the 587:hormone response element 209:. There are three major 195:see spelling differences 18087:Synthetic xenoestrogens 17644:Triphenylchloroethylene 17579:Methestrol dipropionate 17107:Polyestradiol phosphate 16083:Triphenylchloroethylene 15841:polyestradiol phosphate 15624:11β-Hydroxyprogesterone 15619:11α-Hydroxyprogesterone 15295:20β-Dihydroprogesterone 15290:20α-Dihydroprogesterone 15285:17α-Hydroxyprogesterone 15280:16α-Hydroxyprogesterone 15208:Estradiol 3-glucuronide 14693:17α-Hydroxyprogesterone 14688:17α-Hydroxypregnenolone 14596:17α-Hydroxypregnenolone 14591:11β-Hydroxypregnenolone 13633:Polyestradiol phosphate 13543:Estradiol hemisuccinate 13385:Estrogen (as a hormone) 13022:Perseus Digital Library 12672:10.1067/mjd.2001.117432 12505:WikiJournal of Medicine 12410:Kovats S (April 2015). 12360:Frontiers in Immunology 12263:Frontiers in Immunology 11950:10.1038/nrendo.2009.176 11514:Mayo Clinic Proceedings 11184:Menopause International 10900:Behavioral Neuroscience 10558:10.1023/a:1005998832636 9520:Frontiers in Physiology 9260:10.1186/gb-2004-5-9-r66 9206:WikiJournal of Medicine 8727:Fertility and Sterility 5914:Estrogen together with 5656:Gynoid fat distribution 5558:converting this section 4839:EE 3-cyclopentyl ether 4763:E1S; Estrone 3-sulfate 4725:Estradiol 17β-stearate 4550:Estradiol 3-glucuronide 3712:7α-Methylnorethisterone 3640:0.085 (0.0015–<0.1) 3340:0.038 (<0.001–0.04) 1974:4-Chlorotamoxifen; 4-CT 1699:RU-2858; 11β-Methoxy-EE 1524:7-Dehydro-17α-estradiol 1499:7-Dehydro-17β-estradiol 1242:Estradiol 3-glucuronide 19044:Hormones of the testis 18180:4'-Hydroxynorendoxifen 18175:2-Phenylbenzothiophene 18049:zeranol (α-zearalanol) 17752:phlorizin (phloridzin) 17639:Triphenylbromoethylene 17538:ICI-85966 (Stilbostat) 17119:Estramustine phosphate 16992:Bolandiol dipropionate 16078:Triphenylbromoethylene 15855:Estramustine phosphate 15424:11-Deoxycorticosterone 15399:5β-Dihydroprogesterone 15394:5α-Dihydroprogesterone 15384:3β-Dihydroprogesterone 15379:3α-Dihydroprogesterone 15305:11-Deoxycorticosterone 15300:5α-Dihydroprogesterone 14947:Androstenediol sulfate 14927:5β-Dihydrotestosterone 14771:18-Hydroxyprogesterone 14751:11-Deoxycorticosterone 14648:11-Deoxycorticosterone 14601:21-Hydroxypregnenolone 14200:N,N-Dimethyltryptamine 14177:Pancreatic polypeptide 13613:Estradiol undecylenate 13518:Estradiol diundecylate 13503:Estradiol dipropionate 13448:Estradiol anthranilate 13310:Nussey and Whitehead: 12736:Schreinder WE (2012). 12666:(3 Suppl): S116–S124. 12000:10.1006/hbeh.2001.1684 11842:Psychological Medicine 11797:Psychological Medicine 11698:Psychological Medicine 10285:10.1055/s-0032-1306301 9307:10.1089/gtmb.2010.0106 8327:Estrone § History 8277:hormonal contraception 8271:Estrogens are used as 8239:gastrointestinal tract 8183:shown in the diagram, 7118: 7064:, such as ER-positive 7050:chromatin remodelation 6930:on the data provided. 6782:Reference (i.e., 1.00) 6387:venous thromboembolism 5922:receptor in myometrium 3687:7α-Methylnorethynodrel 3637:NET; 17α-Ethynyl-19-NT 3537:17α-Methyltestosterone 3333:Dehydroepiandrosterone 3290:0.01 (<0.001–0.05) 3287:DHT; 5α-Androstanolone 3211:0.01 (<0.001–0.02) 2449:8β-Vinyl-17β-estradiol 2374:16α-Iodo-17β-estradiol 2174:6720-CDRI; NNC-460,020 1895:Triphenylbromoethylene 1649:EE; 17α-Ethynyl-17β-E2 1396:Estrone 3-methyl ether 1367:Estradiol 17β-benzoate 1321:E1S; Estrone 3-sulfate 574: 498:dehydroepiandrosterone 452:subcutaneous injection 292:hormonal birth control 19034:Hormones of the ovary 18360:Miproxifene phosphate 18185:27-Hydroxycholesterol 17649:Triphenyliodoethylene 17193:Ethinylandrostenediol 17156:Estrogenic substances 17144:Polyestriol phosphate 17012:Cloxestradiol acetate 16495:chlormadinone acetate 15879:Estrogenic substances 15873:polyestriol phosphate 15773:Cloxestradiol acetate 15614:7α-Hydroxycholesterol 15594:Calcidiol/Calcifediol 15223:Estradiol 17β-sulfate 15203:Estradiol glucuronide 15123:27-Hydroxycholesterol 14736:5α-Dihydroaldosterone 14581:-Dihydroxycholesterol 13538:Estradiol glucuronide 13277:FDA (February 1995). 12913:Tata JR (June 2005). 12584:10.1210/jcem-38-3-476 12518:10.15347/wjm/2014.005 12313:Hormones and Behavior 12038:Hormones and Behavior 11988:Hormones and Behavior 11603:Biological Psychiatry 11469:Biological Psychiatry 11422:Biological Psychiatry 11282:10.1385/ENDO:28:3:235 10998:Hormones and Behavior 10949:Physiological Reviews 10454:Hormones and Behavior 9219:10.15347/wjm/2014.001 8341:Edward Adelbert Doisy 8267:Estrogen (medication) 8237:and excreted via the 7113: 7056:Associated conditions 7030:transcription factors 6372:Cardiovascular system 6086:progesterone receptor 5670:(androgenic obesity). 4744:E1; 17-Ketoestradiol 4607:Estradiol 17β-acetate 566: 494:27-hydroxycholesterol 32:Estrogen (medication) 17674:WAY-204688 (SIM-688) 17486:ERB-196 (WAY-202196) 17437:Dienestrol diacetate 17176:Estrone methyl ether 17082:Esterified estrogens 17024:Conjugated estrogens 16917:17β-Dihydroequilenin 16892:17α-Dihydroequilenin 16832:15α-Hydroxyestradiol 16827:11β-Methoxyestradiol 16802:8,9-Dehydroestradiol 16503:gestonorone caproate 16317:Aromatase inhibitors 16000:Dienestrol diacetate 15948:Prasterone enanthate 15833:estradiol undecylate 15798:Esterified estrogens 15783:Conjugated estrogens 15589:7-Dehydrocholesterol 15449:Pregnenolone sulfate 14997:Testosterone sulfate 14957:Androsterone sulfate 13674:Esterified estrogens 13669:Conjugated estrogens 13608:Estradiol undecylate 13588:Estradiol salicylate 13508:Estradiol distearate 13498:Estradiol dienantate 13493:Estradiol dibutyrate 12998:(15): 1221–3. 1936. 12025:on 26 February 2019. 10256:on 25 February 2019. 9959:Molecular Metabolism 9868:10.1038/oby.2009.251 9200:Häggström M (2014). 8924:. 265–266: 138–142. 8433:and are referred to 8400:is derived from the 8362:conjugated estrogens 7861:, but also in other 7788:in the circulation. 7778:plasma protein bound 7078:aromatase deficiency 6901:14.61 (12.10–17.67) 6898:15.62 (14.00–17.45) 6895:19.27 (16.53–20.21) 6862:27.97 (22.24–35.17) 6643:142.8 (102.0–199.8) 6631:154.6 (128.8–185.6) 6358:bone mineral density 6163:base excision repair 6106:expression in them. 6019:are responsible for 5964:ventromedial nucleus 4645:Estradiol propionate 3800:estradiol and human 3662:5(10)-Norethisterone 3587:17α-Ethynyl-3β-adiol 3562:17α-Ethynyl-3α-adiol 2474:ERB-041; WAY-202,041 1570:17α-Dihydroequilenin 1545:17β-Dihydroequilenin 1474:6,8-Didehydroestrone 1392:Estrone methyl ether 746:E1; 17-Ketoestradiol 259:(ERs) which in turn 247:, estrogens readily 225:(E3). Estradiol, an 19064:Prolactin releasers 18841:Propylpyrazoletriol 18756:Diarylpropionitrile 17604:Propylpyrazoletriol 17461:Dimethylstilbestrol 17427:Diarylpropionitrile 17237:Etynodiol diacetate 16937:Abiraterone acetate 16847:16α-Fluoroestradiol 16499:cyproterone acetate 16398:testosterone esters 15829:estradiol enanthate 15825:estradiol cypionate 15758:etynodiol diacetate 15727:testosterone esters 15629:Cholesterol sulfate 15364:-Hydroxycholesterol 15256:estradiol palmitate 15238:Estriol glucuronide 15228:Estrone glucuronide 15198:Estradiol disulfate 14872:Dihydrotestosterone 14857:Dehydroandrosterone 14822:11-Ketotestosterone 14658:11-Ketoprogesterone 14572:-Hydroxycholesterol 14486:Natriuretic peptide 13804:Posterior pituitary 13789:Somatostatin (GHIH) 13598:Estradiol sulfamate 13573:Estradiol phosphate 13563:Estradiol palmitate 13513:Estradiol disulfate 13488:Estradiol diacetate 13483:Estradiol decanoate 13478:Estradiol cypionate 12416:Cellular Immunology 10592:Johnson LR (2003). 9769:10.1194/jlr.R086975 9406:1997Natur.390..509H 8978:2008IJEAC..88....1W 8387:Society and culture 8346:estriol glucuronide 7931:Estrone glucuronide 7265: 6878:10.21 (9.27–11.25) 6865:44.5 (31.68–62.54) 6637:106.1 (85.1–132.3) 6426: 6149:Estrogen regulated 5934:luteinizing hormone 5895:vaginal lubrication 5847:"mask of pregnancy" 5620:(especially during 5526:Overview of actions 5501:Luteinizing hormone 4994: 4961:See template page. 4943:estradiol cypionate 4877:(ERs) generally of 4778:Estrone glucuronide 4702:Estradiol palmitate 4683:Estradiol cypionate 4626:Estradiol diacetate 4531:Estradiol 3-sulfate 4461: 4400:dihydrotestosterone 3845: 3812:See template page. 3612:P4; 4-Pregnenedione 3412:A4; Androstenedione 3283:Dihydrotestosterone 3265:<0.0001–<0.01 3262:T; 4-Androstenolone 3080:0.135 (0.002–4.23) 3077:0.0315 (0.008–1.0) 2680:0.6225 (0.010–1.2) 2655:0.7865 (0.04–17.1) 2524:SERBA-1; LY-500,307 2420:Diarylpropionitrile 2320:Propylpyrazoletriol 1217:Estradiol disulfate 661: 619:reproductive system 559:Biological function 197:) is a category of 18923:Diethylstilbestrol 18707:2-Methoxyestradiol 18638:TAS-108 (SR-16234) 18588:Methylepitiostanol 18526:EM-800 (SCH-57050) 18450:TAS-108 (SR-16234) 18170:2-Phenylbenzofuran 17784:8-prenylnaringenin 17444:Diethylstilbestrol 17102:Lipoidal estradiol 17077:ERA-63 (ORG-37663) 17019:Conjugated estriol 16964:methyltestosterone 16922:17β-Dihydroequilin 16897:17α-Dihydroequilin 16872:16β-Hydroxyestrone 16857:16α-Hydroxyestrone 16807:8,9-Dehydroestrone 16792:7α-Methylestradiol 16767:4-Methoxyestradiol 16757:4-Hydroxyestradiol 16732:3β-Hydroxytibolone 16727:3α-Hydroxytibolone 16697:2-Hydroxyestradiol 16594:Never to phase III 16429:releasers) (e.g., 16340:Second-generation: 15953:Prasterone sulfate 15837:estradiol valerate 15821:estradiol benzoate 15778:Conjugated estriol 15731:methyltestosterone 15252:estradiol stearate 15248:Lipoidal estradiol 15178:2-Methoxyestradiol 15103:16β-Hydroxyestrone 15098:16α-Hydroxyestrone 15088:4-Methoxyestradiol 15073:4-Hydroxyestradiol 15058:2-Hydroxyestradiol 14987:Epietiocholanolone 14937:3β-Etiocholanediol 14932:3α-Etiocholanediol 14728:Mineralocorticoids 14713:5α-Dihydrocortisol 13827:Anterior pituitary 13618:Estradiol valerate 13593:Estradiol stearate 13578:Estradiol pivalate 13528:Estradiol enantate 13463:Estradiol benzoate 13415:High-dose estrogen 13289:on 14 October 2007 13253:The New York Times 13209:(Suppl 1): 32–39. 10225:(6): L1154–L1159. 10070:Pawlina W (2023). 9010:Korach KD (1998). 8873:Neuroendocrinology 8733:(Suppl 4): S3–S5. 8700:10.1007/BF01946450 8370:diethylstilbestrol 8358:estradiol benzoate 8211:See template page. 8157:metabolic pathways 7974:16α-Hydroxyestrone 7632:<37–140 pmol/L 7592:<37–360 pmol/L 7418:<37–210 pmol/L 7238: 7119: 7070:genetic conditions 6966:autoimmune disease 6884:8.54 (7.16–10.19) 6859:37.5 (30.9–44.45) 6778:Outside pregnancy 6480:Outside pregnancy 6399: 6346:epiphyseal closure 6169:Brain and behavior 6153:mechanisms in the 6068:in preparation of 6042:Breast development 6007:, widening of the 6005:breast development 5701:hepatic production 5602:connective tissues 5560:, if appropriate. 5475:estrogen receptors 5394:16α-Hydroxyestrone 5262:4-Methoxyestradiol 5240:4-Hydroxyestradiol 5218:2-Methoxyestradiol 5196:2-Hydroxyestradiol 4967: 4951:estradiol benzoate 4947:estradiol valerate 4875:estrogen receptors 4820:EE 3-methyl ether 4721:Estradiol stearate 4664:Estradiol valerate 4588:Estradiol benzoate 4434: 4299:Diethylstilbestrol 3991:Estradiol valerate 3963:Estradiol benzoate 3818: 3758:3β-Hydroxytibolone 3733:3α-Hydroxytibolone 3533:Methyltestosterone 3512:5β-Androstanedione 3487:5α-Androstanedione 3362:A5; Androstenediol 3102:<0.001–<0.01 2745:8-Prenylnaringenin 2702:0.07 (0.029–0.10) 2677:0.04 (0.022–0.15) 2652:0.07 (0.0018–9.3) 2602:0.445 (0.0012–16) 2580:64.125 (0.41–185) 2577:9.225 (0.0117–94) 2305:21.65 (2.05–40.5) 1799:Dehydrostilbestrol 1755:219.63 (61.2–295) 1745:Diethylstilbestrol 1624:8,9-Dehydroestrone 1520:17α-Dihydroequilin 1495:17β-Dihydroequilin 1342:Estradiol benzoate 1117:16α-Hydroxyestrone 992:4-Methoxyestradiol 967:4-Hydroxyestradiol 942:2-Methoxyestradiol 917:2-Hydroxyestradiol 730:0.115 (0.04–0.24) 632: 575: 553:16α-hydroxyestrone 545:4-hydroxyestradiol 537:2-hydroxyestradiol 534:catechol estrogens 321:Types and examples 286:, for instance in 257:estrogen receptors 125:Estrogen receptors 18999:Antigonadotropins 18976: 18975: 18968:List of estrogens 18936: 18935: 18681: 18680: 18521:Cytestrol acetate 17744:isoliquiritigenin 17686:Unknown/unsorted: 17372:β-LGND2 (GTx-878) 16952:Anabolic steroids 16862:16α-Iodoestradiol 16752:4-Fluoroestradiol 16747:4-Androstenedione 16737:3β-Androstanediol 16712:3α-Androstanediol 16663:Estrogen receptor 16629: 16628: 16621:List of estrogens 16563: 16562: 16515:megestrol acetate 16402:nandrolone esters 16390:anabolic steroids 16378:Antigonadotropins 16355:Third-generation: 16328:Aminoglutethimide 16325:First-generation: 16163: 16162: 15869:estriol succinate 15817:estradiol acetate 15739:nandrolone esters 15719:anabolic steroids 15637: 15636: 15474:3α-Androstanediol 15343: 15342: 15218:Estradiol sulfate 15138:4-Androstenedione 15133:3β-Androstanediol 15128:3α-Androstanediol 14922:3β-Androstanediol 14912:3α-Androstanediol 14794: 14793: 14668:21-Deoxycortisone 14510: 14509: 14506: 14505: 14393: 14392: 14213: 14212: 14143: 14142: 13895: 13894: 13692: 13691: 13603:Estradiol sulfate 13558:Estradiol mustard 13533:Estradiol furoate 13438:Estradiol acetate 13160:(10): 1299–1307. 13101:10.1021/es1014482 13066:10.1021/tx000208y 12843:(Suppl 1): 3–63. 12751:978-3-642-96158-8 12551:978-0-321-88760-3 12540:Marieb E (2013). 12228:10.1111/brv.12243 12118:(11): 2749–2759. 11803:(12): 1749–1757. 11564:(10): 4351–4362. 11094:(14): 5286–5293. 10829:978-0-323-24147-2 10802:978-1-4557-2758-2 10775:978-0-323-29296-2 10748:978-0-7817-7427-7 10721:978-3-13-149521-1 10694:978-1-58603-653-9 10667:978-0-7020-3489-3 10637:978-0-08-091906-5 10605:978-0-12-387584-6 10119:978-1-4496-4851-0 10083:978-1-9751-8152-9 9918:978-3-319-70177-6 9762:(10): 1710–1719. 9400:(6659): 509–512. 9341:978-0-7637-2765-9 9058:978-3-642-96158-8 8885:10.1159/000338400 8818:978-1-85996-252-7 8610:978-8-13-124941-3 8580:978-0-32-367281-8 8301:List of estrogens 8285:transgender women 8218: 8217: 8171:estrogens (e.g., 7769: 7768: 7732:Notes and sources 7690:Follicular phase 7677:1100–7300 pmol/L 7645:Follicular phase 7580:Follicular phase 7515:Follicular phase 7139:ovarian follicles 6937: 6936: 6921:0.89 (0.53–1.39) 6918:2.29 (1.44–3.65) 6915:1.69 (1.26–2.25) 6912:2.06 (1.60–2.64) 6904:8.44 (7.27–9.75) 6887:4.85 (4.21–5.57) 6881:8.72 (7.83–9.70) 6851:5.48 (4.89–6.12) 6848:5.69 (4.66–6.95) 6845:5.12 (4.53–5.80) 6842:7.14 (6.43–7.94) 6834:1.58 (1.24–1.99) 6831:1.82 (1.27–2.62) 6828:3.01 (2.56–3.53) 6825:4.31 (3.78–4.93) 6817:1.12 (0.86–1.45) 6814:1.46 (0.96–2.20) 6811:3.04 (2.58–3.56) 6808:3.42 (2.95–3.98) 6800:2.95 (2.68–3.25) 6797:3.10 (2.63–3.66) 6794:3.80 (3.44–4.19) 6791:5.08 (4.66–5.54) 6706:30.4 (26.4–35.0) 6700:46.8 (39.1–56.1) 6694:59.3 (54.1–65.0) 6688:75.4 (69.6–81.8) 6677:17.5 (15.3–20.0) 6671:27.4 (23.1–32.4) 6665:33.1 (30.4–36.1) 6659:42.3 (39.2–45.7) 6620:19.7 (17.7–21.9) 6614:18.2 (15.0–22.1) 6608:19.4 (17.4–21.6) 6602:29.2 (26.8–31.9) 6573:17.4 (15.4–19.6) 6544:13.6 (11.8–15.5) 6521:14.2 (13.2–15.3) 6515:20.5 (19.2–21.8) 6364:increases during 6209:prefrontal cortex 6128:ovarian follicles 6104:estrogen receptor 6082:connective tissue 5956:lordosis behavior 5938:Graafian follicle 5685:Other structural 5579: 5578: 5523: 5522: 5284:4-Fluoroestradiol 4965: 4964: 4926:expressing human 4432: 4431: 3816: 3815: 3458:3β-Androstanediol 3433:3α-Androstanediol 3408:4-Androstenedione 3030:9.45 (2.43–31.5) 2730:0.15 (0.11–0.33) 2705:2.2 (0.002–3.00) 2630:0.85 (0.10–2.85) 2277:63.5 (3.70–97.7) 1870:Triphenylethylene 1752:129.5 (89.1–468) 1674:EE 3-methyl ether 1652:120.9 (68.8–480) 1192:Estradiol sulfate 771:E3; 16α-OH-17β-E2 758:1.75 (0.35–9.24) 755:0.445 (0.3–1.01) 733:0.15 (0.10–2.08) 721:E2; 17β-Estradiol 579:estrogen receptor 530:3β-androstanediol 526:3α-androstanediol 427: 426: 300:transgender women 178: 177: 120:Biological target 92:transgender women 71:Class identifiers 16:(Redirected from 19096: 18835:2,2',5'-PCB-4-OH 18771:Ethinylestradiol 18697: 18696: 18693: 18689: 18430:Rimostil (P-081) 18240:Chlorotrianisene 18162: 18158: 17937:Metalloestrogens 17716:-related (e.g., 17531:Hexestrol esters 17205:Ethinylestradiol 17097:Estradiol esters 16852:16α-Hydroxy-DHEA 16837:16-Ketoestradiol 16777:5-Androstenediol 16772:4-Methoxyestrone 16762:4-Hydroxyestrone 16742:4-Androstenediol 16702:2-Hydroxyestrone 16684: 16683: 16680: 16676: 16656: 16649: 16642: 16633: 16632: 16476: 16459: 16204: 16200: 16195: 16191: 16184: 16180: 16174: 16173: 16155: 16151: 16146: 16142: 16125: 16118: 16098:Progonadotropins 16044:Hexestrol esters 15990:Chlorotrianisene 15906:Ethinylestradiol 15813:Estradiol esters 15698: 15694: 15688: 15687: 15664: 15657: 15650: 15641: 15640: 15404:Allopregnanolone 15320:Allopregnanediol 15193:4-Methoxyestriol 15188:2-Methoxyestriol 15183:2-Methoxyestrone 15168:16α-Hydroxy-DHEA 15143:5-Androstenediol 15108:16-Ketoestradiol 15093:4-Methoxyestrone 15083:4-Hydroxyestrone 15078:4-Hydroxyestriol 15068:2-Hydroxyestrone 15063:2-Hydroxyestriol 14972:Etiocholanedione 14942:Androstanetriols 14892:16α-Hydroxy-DHEA 14805: 14804: 14746:11-Deoxycortisol 14663:21-Deoxycortisol 14653:11-Deoxycortisol 14626: 14625: 14537: 14530: 14523: 14514: 14513: 14271: 14270: 14266:Digestive system 14222: 14221: 14037: 14036: 13976:Thyroid hormones 13752: 13751: 13741: 13740: 13719: 13712: 13705: 13696: 13695: 13664:Ethinylestradiol 13344: 13337: 13330: 13321: 13320: 13299: 13298: 13296: 13294: 13285:. Archived from 13274: 13265: 13264: 13262: 13260: 13243: 13237: 13236: 13226: 13215:10.1289/ehp.8050 13194: 13188: 13187: 13177: 13166:10.1289/ehp.7921 13145: 13139: 13138: 13136: 13134: 13119: 13113: 13112: 13084: 13078: 13077: 13059: 13039: 13033: 13032: 13030: 13028: 13014: 13008: 13007: 12987: 12981: 12980: 12978: 12976: 12962: 12953: 12952: 12942: 12910: 12904: 12903: 12875: 12869: 12868: 12832: 12826: 12825: 12811: 12769: 12763: 12762: 12760: 12758: 12733: 12727: 12726: 12701:(5–6): 322–328. 12690: 12684: 12683: 12655: 12646: 12645: 12635: 12603: 12597: 12596: 12586: 12562: 12556: 12555: 12537: 12531: 12530: 12520: 12496: 12490: 12489: 12484: 12482: 12456: 12450: 12449: 12439: 12407: 12396: 12395: 12385: 12375: 12351: 12345: 12344: 12308: 12299: 12298: 12288: 12278: 12254: 12248: 12247: 12213: 12204: 12195: 12194: 12184: 12152: 12146: 12145: 12135: 12103: 12097: 12096: 12076: 12070: 12069: 12033: 12027: 12026: 12024: 12018:. Archived from 11985: 11976: 11970: 11969: 11929: 11923: 11922: 11912: 11880: 11874: 11873: 11837: 11831: 11830: 11820: 11788: 11782: 11781: 11771: 11739: 11730: 11729: 11693: 11684: 11683: 11673: 11662:10.1037/a0029524 11641: 11635: 11634: 11598: 11592: 11591: 11581: 11570:10.1172/JCI74726 11549: 11538: 11537: 11526:10.4065/76.6.582 11509: 11503: 11502: 11492: 11460: 11454: 11453: 11417: 11411: 11410: 11408: 11406: 11392: 11386: 11385: 11375: 11351: 11345: 11344: 11308: 11302: 11301: 11265: 11259: 11258: 11222: 11216: 11215: 11179: 11173: 11172: 11162: 11152: 11128: 11122: 11121: 11111: 11079: 11073: 11072: 11062: 11038: 11032: 11031: 11021: 10989: 10983: 10982: 10972: 10940: 10934: 10933: 10923: 10912:10.1037/a0025539 10891: 10885: 10884: 10874: 10864: 10840: 10834: 10833: 10813: 10807: 10806: 10786: 10780: 10779: 10759: 10753: 10752: 10735:Fadem B (2007). 10732: 10726: 10725: 10705: 10699: 10698: 10678: 10672: 10671: 10651: 10642: 10641: 10621: 10610: 10609: 10589: 10578: 10577: 10541: 10535: 10534: 10524: 10492: 10486: 10485: 10449: 10443: 10442: 10405: 10399: 10398: 10362: 10356: 10355: 10345: 10313: 10307: 10306: 10296: 10264: 10258: 10257: 10255: 10249:. Archived from 10216: 10207: 10201: 10199: 10189: 10179: 10155: 10149: 10148: 10137: 10131: 10130: 10128: 10126: 10101: 10095: 10094: 10092: 10090: 10067: 10061: 10060: 10050: 10018: 10012: 10011: 9999: 9993: 9992: 9982: 9950: 9941: 9940: 9930: 9896: 9890: 9889: 9879: 9847: 9841: 9840: 9830: 9798: 9792: 9791: 9781: 9771: 9747: 9741: 9739: 9729: 9697: 9691: 9690: 9665:(4–6): 689–695. 9654: 9648: 9647: 9622:(2–3): 103–107. 9611: 9605: 9604: 9594: 9562: 9556: 9555: 9545: 9535: 9511: 9505: 9504: 9468: 9462: 9461: 9459: 9457: 9442: 9436: 9435: 9425: 9385: 9379: 9378: 9376: 9374: 9359: 9353: 9352: 9350: 9348: 9325: 9319: 9318: 9289: 9283: 9282: 9272: 9262: 9238: 9232: 9231: 9221: 9197: 9191: 9190: 9161: 9155: 9154: 9144: 9112: 9106: 9105: 9069: 9063: 9062: 9042: 9036: 9035: 9007: 8998: 8997: 8961: 8952: 8951: 8941: 8913: 8907: 8906: 8896: 8864: 8858: 8857: 8837: 8831: 8830: 8802: 8796: 8795: 8759: 8753: 8752: 8742: 8718: 8712: 8711: 8683: 8677: 8676: 8656: 8650: 8649: 8625: 8619: 8618: 8594: 8588: 8587: 8564: 8513:over-the-counter 8447:metalloestrogens 8414: 8408: 8407: 8374:ethinylestradiol 8159:involved in the 8150: 8149: 8139: 8134: 8132: 8125: 8114: 8112: 8105: 8103: 8096: 8094: 8081: 8079: 8072: 8070: 8057: 8055: 8049: 8042: 8040: 8033: 8031: 8024: 8022: 8009: 8002: 7993: 7983: 7981:4-Methoxyestrone 7976: 7969: 7967:2-Methoxyestrone 7959: 7957:4-Hydroxyestrone 7952: 7943: 7941:2-Hydroxyestrone 7933: 7926: 7919: 7908: 7907: 7895: 7888: 7881: 7869: 7763: 7657:700–3600 pmol/L 7612:699–1250 pmol/L 7475:3.1–12.2 nmol/L 7445:600–2500 pmol/L 7364:6.9–34.7 nmol/L 7309: 7302: 7282:production rate 7266: 7259: 7252: 7245: 7237: 7222:follicular phase 6856:Around delivery 6625:Around delivery 6579:11.2 (9.7–13.0) 6550:11.3 (9.7–13.1) 6533:10.7 (9.7–11.6) 6427: 6420: 6413: 6406: 6398: 6385:and the risk of 6013:fat distribution 5976:is dependent on 5809:, fat deposition 5766:(estrogen -> 5705:binding proteins 5582:Musculoskeletal 5574: 5571: 5565: 5556:You can help by 5538: 5537: 5530: 5498: 5468: 5465: 5438:2-Methoxyestriol 5416:2-Hydroxyestriol 5372:4-Methoxyestrone 5350:4-Hydroxyestrone 5328:2-Methoxyestrone 5306:2-Hydroxyestrone 5059: 5055: 5051: 5047: 5040: 5036: 5018: 5014: 5010: 5006: 4995: 4988: 4981: 4974: 4966: 4866:displacement of 4797:Ethinylestradiol 4487: 4480: 4476: 4462: 4455: 4448: 4441: 4433: 4423: 4419: 4410: 4406: 4397: 4393: 4384: 4380: 4371: 4367: 4358: 4354: 4345: 4341: 4187:Ethinylestradiol 3929: 3925: 3919: 3915: 3909: 3905: 3899: 3895: 3889: 3885: 3879: 3875: 3869: 3865: 3846: 3839: 3832: 3825: 3817: 3787:Binding affinity 3508:Etiocholanedione 3383:4-Androstenediol 3358:5-Androstenediol 3337:DHEA; Prasterone 2902:<0.001–0.0032 2877:<0.001–0.0875 2605:33.42 (0.86–87) 1952:100.1 (1.7–257) 1845:Chlorotrianisene 1749:DES; Stilbestrol 1645:Ethinylestradiol 1449:7-Dehydroestrone 1167:4-Methoxyestriol 1142:2-Hydroxyestriol 1092:4-Methoxyestrone 1067:4-Hydroxyestrone 1042:2-Methoxyestrone 1017:2-Hydroxyestrone 892:16,17-Epiestriol 849:7.795 (4.94–63) 780:0.45 (0.35–1.4) 774:12.65 (4.03–56) 662: 660: 653: 646: 639: 631: 549:4-hydroxyestrone 541:2-hydroxyestrone 510:16α-hydroxy-DHEA 410: 409: 399: 391: 383: 375: 365: 364: 352: 345: 338: 326: 308:nonbinary people 275:(mERs), such as 245:steroid hormones 192: 162: 60: 39: 38: 21: 19104: 19103: 19099: 19098: 19097: 19095: 19094: 19093: 19079:1929 in Germany 19074:1929 in science 18979: 18978: 18977: 18972: 18932: 18911: 18875: 18691: 18677: 18511:7β-Hydroxy-DHEA 18494: 18330:Levormeloxifene 18160: 18153: 18147: 18063:deoxymiroestrol 17931:-hinokiresinol) 17569:Methallenestril 17471:Doisynolic acid 17272:Methylestradiol 16787:7α-Hydroxy-DHEA 16678: 16668: 16660: 16630: 16625: 16599: 16584:Clinical trials 16559: 16520: 16419: 16410:fluoxymesterone 16372: 16311: 16202: 16193: 16186: 16182: 16159: 16153: 16144: 16092: 16051:Methallenestril 15928:Methylestradiol 15894:Estrone sulfate 15696: 15677: 15668: 15638: 15633: 15604:Cholecalciferol 15571: 15552:Androstadienone 15524:Etiocholanolone 15494:7β-Hydroxy-DHEA 15489:7α-Hydroxy-DHEA 15434:Isopregnanolone 15429:Epipregnanolone 15339: 15261: 15243:Estriol sulfate 15233:Estrone sulfate 15163:7α-Hydroxy-DHEA 15001: 14977:Etiocholanolone 14882:Epitestosterone 14877:Epiandrosterone 14847:Androstenedione 14790: 14722: 14630:Glucocorticoids 14621:Corticosteroids 14615: 14549: 14541: 14511: 14502: 14472: 14439: 14421: 14389: 14358: 14330: 14292: 14260: 14209: 14181: 14139: 14106: 14063: 14026: 14008: 13992: 13984: 13962: 13946:Adrenal medulla 13939:Androstenedione 13891: 13821: 13798: 13746: 13735: 13728: 13723: 13693: 13688: 13679:Estrone sulfate 13637: 13424: 13353: 13348: 13307: 13302: 13292: 13290: 13275: 13268: 13258: 13256: 13244: 13240: 13195: 13191: 13146: 13142: 13132: 13130: 13120: 13116: 13085: 13081: 13040: 13036: 13026: 13024: 13016: 13015: 13011: 12989: 12988: 12984: 12974: 12972: 12964: 12963: 12956: 12911: 12907: 12876: 12872: 12833: 12829: 12792: 12770: 12766: 12756: 12754: 12752: 12734: 12730: 12691: 12687: 12656: 12649: 12604: 12600: 12563: 12559: 12552: 12538: 12534: 12497: 12493: 12480: 12478: 12476: 12457: 12453: 12408: 12399: 12352: 12348: 12309: 12302: 12255: 12251: 12211: 12205: 12198: 12167:(11): e008864. 12153: 12149: 12104: 12100: 12077: 12073: 12034: 12030: 12022: 11983: 11977: 11973: 11944:(10): 559–568. 11930: 11926: 11881: 11877: 11838: 11834: 11789: 11785: 11740: 11733: 11694: 11687: 11642: 11638: 11599: 11595: 11550: 11541: 11510: 11506: 11461: 11457: 11418: 11414: 11404: 11402: 11394: 11393: 11389: 11352: 11348: 11309: 11305: 11266: 11262: 11223: 11219: 11180: 11176: 11129: 11125: 11080: 11076: 11039: 11035: 10990: 10986: 10941: 10937: 10892: 10888: 10841: 10837: 10830: 10814: 10810: 10803: 10787: 10783: 10776: 10760: 10756: 10749: 10733: 10729: 10722: 10706: 10702: 10695: 10679: 10675: 10668: 10652: 10645: 10638: 10622: 10613: 10606: 10590: 10581: 10542: 10538: 10507:(12): a003178. 10493: 10489: 10450: 10446: 10406: 10402: 10363: 10359: 10314: 10310: 10265: 10261: 10253: 10214: 10208: 10204: 10156: 10152: 10139: 10138: 10134: 10124: 10122: 10120: 10102: 10098: 10088: 10086: 10084: 10068: 10064: 10019: 10015: 10000: 9996: 9951: 9944: 9919: 9897: 9893: 9848: 9844: 9799: 9795: 9748: 9744: 9698: 9694: 9655: 9651: 9612: 9608: 9563: 9559: 9512: 9508: 9469: 9465: 9455: 9453: 9444: 9443: 9439: 9386: 9382: 9372: 9370: 9360: 9356: 9346: 9344: 9342: 9326: 9322: 9290: 9286: 9239: 9235: 9198: 9194: 9162: 9158: 9113: 9109: 9070: 9066: 9059: 9043: 9039: 9024: 9008: 9001: 8962: 8955: 8914: 8910: 8865: 8861: 8838: 8834: 8819: 8803: 8799: 8760: 8756: 8719: 8715: 8684: 8680: 8661:Cancer Research 8657: 8653: 8626: 8622: 8611: 8595: 8591: 8581: 8565: 8556: 8552: 8530: 8501: 8427: 8394: 8389: 8337:Adolf Butenandt 8333: 8319: 8303: 8297: 8269: 8263: 8241:in the form of 8227: 8221: 8219: 8214: 8213: 8212: 8193:glucuronidation 8151: 8143: 8142: 8141: 8140: 8137: 8135: 8130: 8128: 8126: 8123: 8120: 8117: 8115: 8110: 8108: 8106: 8101: 8099: 8097: 8092: 8090: 8087: 8084: 8082: 8077: 8075: 8073: 8068: 8066: 8063: 8060: 8058: 8053: 8051: 8047: 8045: 8043: 8038: 8036: 8034: 8029: 8027: 8025: 8020: 8018: 8015: 8012: 8010: 8005: 8003: 7996: 7994: 7989: 7986: 7984: 7979: 7977: 7972: 7970: 7965: 7962: 7960: 7955: 7953: 7946: 7944: 7939: 7936: 7934: 7929: 7927: 7924:Estrone sulfate 7922: 7920: 7913: 7909: 7905: 7901: 7899: 7847:glucuronidation 7816:cytochrome P450 7804: 7794: 7774: 7765: 7764: 7755:production rate 7735: 7733: 7680:400–2600 pg/mL 7660:250–1300 pg/mL 7641:Estrone sulfate 7547:310–660 pmol/L 7527:110–400 pmol/L 7502:0.7–2.8 nmol/L 7490: 7463: 7457:Androstenedione 7433: 7427:Estrone sulfate 7406: 7379: 7367:200–1000 ng/dL 7352: 7337:2.8–7.3 nmol/L 7325: 7319:Androstenedione 7292:clearance rate 7291: 7287:secretion rate 7286: 7281: 7276: 7263: 7218:menstrual cycle 7207:17α-hydroxylase 7186:androstenedione 7135:granulosa cells 7115:Steroidogenesis 7108: 7103: 7097: 7058: 7006:dendritic cells 6942: 6870: 6783: 6750:Swedish data B 6747:Swedish data A 6729:7.3 (4.6–11.6) 6717:8.5 (7.0–10.9) 6648: 6527:9.9 (8.5–11.6) 6440:Swedish data B 6437:Swedish data A 6424: 6391:peptide hormone 6374: 6348:, which limits 6342: 6340:Skeletal system 6333: 6303:menstrual cycle 6288: 6280: 6217: 6194: 6182: 6176: 6171: 6147: 6112: 6050: 6044: 5993: 5950:Sexual behavior 5633:bone resorption 5575: 5569: 5566: 5555: 5539: 5535: 5528: 5057: 5049: 5038: 5016: 5008: 4992: 4909:β‐galactosidase 4903: 4889:Estrogen esters 4759:Estrone sulfate 4478: 4459: 4421: 4408: 4395: 4382: 4369: 4356: 4343: 4243:Methylestradiol 4047:Estrone sulfate 3927: 3917: 3907: 3897: 3887: 3877: 3867: 3843: 3765:1.6 (0.75–1.9) 3740:2.5 (1.06–5.0) 3690:0.5 (0.45–2.0) 3643:0.1 (0.01–0.3) 3618:<0.001–0.010 3483:Androstanedione 3268:<0.002–0.040 3027:7.68 (2.04–28) 2952:0.6 (0.032–13) 2880:<0.001–0.016 2845:Deoxymiroestrol 2414:ERα antagonist 2327:49 (10.0–89.1) 2302:43.5 (9.4–325) 2170:Levormeloxifene 2080:5.34 (0.54–16) 2024:F-6066; Sexovid 2002:25 (19.2–37.2) 1958:2.3 (0.1–3.61) 1820:Benzestrol (B2) 1777:153.6 (31–302) 1720:Methylestradiol 1655:44.4 (2.0–144) 1317:Estrone sulfate 1049:<0.001–<1 874:55.45 (29–103) 783:0.7 (0.63–0.7) 777:26 (14.0–44.6) 749:16.39 (0.7–60) 685: 658: 657: 583:gene expression 572:menstrual cycle 561: 518:androstenedione 506:7α-hydroxy-DHEA 476:androstenedione 470:, specifically 428: 423: 422: 421: 411: 403: 402: 401: 400: 394: 392: 386: 384: 378: 376: 370: 366: 362: 358: 356: 323: 185:British English 158: 96:prostate cancer 66: 35: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 19102: 19092: 19091: 19086: 19081: 19076: 19071: 19066: 19061: 19056: 19054:Human hormones 19051: 19046: 19041: 19036: 19031: 19026: 19021: 19016: 19011: 19006: 19001: 18996: 18994:Cyclopentanols 18991: 18974: 18973: 18971: 18970: 18965: 18960: 18955: 18950: 18945: 18941: 18938: 18937: 18934: 18933: 18931: 18930: 18925: 18919: 18917: 18913: 18912: 18910: 18909: 18904: 18899: 18894: 18889: 18883: 18881: 18877: 18876: 18874: 18873: 18868: 18863: 18858: 18853: 18848: 18843: 18838: 18828: 18823: 18818: 18813: 18808: 18803: 18801:Hydroxytyrosol 18798: 18793: 18788: 18783: 18778: 18773: 18768: 18763: 18758: 18753: 18739: 18734: 18729: 18724: 18719: 18714: 18709: 18703: 18701: 18694: 18683: 18682: 18679: 18678: 18676: 18675: 18666: 18665: 18656: 18655: 18650: 18645: 18640: 18635: 18630: 18625: 18620: 18615: 18610: 18605: 18600: 18595: 18590: 18585: 18580: 18575: 18570: 18548: 18543: 18538: 18533: 18528: 18523: 18518: 18516:Chloroindazole 18513: 18508: 18502: 18500: 18496: 18495: 18493: 18492: 18487: 18482: 18477: 18472: 18467: 18462: 18457: 18452: 18447: 18442: 18437: 18435:Spironolactone 18432: 18427: 18422: 18417: 18412: 18407: 18402: 18397: 18392: 18387: 18382: 18377: 18372: 18367: 18362: 18357: 18352: 18347: 18342: 18337: 18332: 18327: 18322: 18317: 18312: 18307: 18302: 18297: 18292: 18287: 18282: 18277: 18272: 18267: 18262: 18257: 18252: 18247: 18242: 18237: 18232: 18227: 18222: 18217: 18212: 18207: 18202: 18197: 18192: 18187: 18182: 18177: 18172: 18166: 18164: 18149: 18148: 18146: 18145: 18136:Others (e.g., 18134: 18084: 18070: 18056: 18026: 18008: 17986: 17944: 17934: 17912: 17907: 17864:liquiritigenin 17773: 17759: 17737: 17711:Xenoestrogens: 17707: 17706: 17701: 17696: 17691: 17682: 17681: 17676: 17671: 17666: 17661: 17656: 17651: 17646: 17641: 17636: 17631: 17626: 17621: 17616: 17611: 17606: 17601: 17596: 17591: 17586: 17584:Paroxypropione 17581: 17576: 17571: 17566: 17561: 17553: 17545: 17540: 17535: 17534: 17533: 17523: 17518: 17513: 17508: 17503: 17498: 17496:Estrobin (DBE) 17493: 17488: 17483: 17478: 17473: 17468: 17463: 17458: 17453: 17452: 17451: 17441: 17440: 17439: 17429: 17424: 17419: 17414: 17409: 17404: 17399: 17394: 17389: 17387:Allenolic acid 17384: 17379: 17374: 17369: 17364: 17359: 17354: 17345: 17344: 17339: 17334: 17329: 17324: 17319: 17314: 17309: 17304: 17299: 17294: 17292:Norethisterone 17289: 17284: 17282:Mytatrienediol 17279: 17274: 17269: 17264: 17259: 17254: 17249: 17244: 17239: 17234: 17229: 17227:Ethylestradiol 17224: 17222:Ethinylestriol 17219: 17218: 17217: 17212: 17202: 17201: 17200: 17190: 17185: 17184: 17183: 17178: 17173: 17171:Estrone esters 17163: 17158: 17153: 17148: 17147: 17146: 17141: 17139:Estriol esters 17131: 17126: 17124:Estrapronicate 17121: 17116: 17111: 17110: 17109: 17104: 17099: 17089: 17084: 17079: 17074: 17069: 17064: 17059: 17054: 17046: 17041: 17036: 17031: 17026: 17021: 17016: 17015: 17014: 17004: 16999: 16994: 16989: 16984: 16979: 16949: 16944: 16942:Alestramustine 16939: 16934: 16929: 16924: 16919: 16914: 16909: 16904: 16899: 16894: 16889: 16879: 16874: 16869: 16864: 16859: 16854: 16849: 16844: 16842:16-Ketoestrone 16839: 16834: 16829: 16824: 16819: 16814: 16809: 16804: 16799: 16794: 16789: 16784: 16779: 16774: 16769: 16764: 16759: 16754: 16749: 16744: 16739: 16734: 16729: 16724: 16719: 16714: 16709: 16704: 16699: 16690: 16688: 16681: 16670: 16669: 16659: 16658: 16651: 16644: 16636: 16627: 16626: 16624: 16623: 16618: 16613: 16608: 16603: 16598: 16597: 16596: 16595: 16592: 16581: 16575: 16569: 16568: 16565: 16564: 16561: 16560: 16558: 16557: 16552: 16543: 16542: 16537: 16528: 16526: 16522: 16521: 16519: 16518: 16488: 16471: 16454: 16447:chlorpromazine 16435:metoclopramide 16417: 16413: 16382: 16380: 16374: 16373: 16371: 16370: 16365: 16360: 16351: 16350: 16345: 16336: 16335: 16330: 16321: 16319: 16313: 16312: 16310: 16309: 16300: 16299: 16294: 16285: 16284: 16279: 16274: 16269: 16264: 16259: 16254: 16249: 16244: 16239: 16234: 16229: 16224: 16219: 16214: 16208: 16206: 16171: 16165: 16164: 16161: 16160: 16158: 16157: 16133: 16113: 16102: 16100: 16094: 16093: 16091: 16090: 16085: 16080: 16075: 16070: 16068:Paroxypropione 16065: 16064: 16063: 16053: 16048: 16047: 16046: 16036: 16031: 16030: 16029: 16024: 16019: 16009: 16004: 16003: 16002: 15992: 15987: 15982: 15973: 15972: 15967: 15962: 15957: 15956: 15955: 15950: 15940: 15935: 15930: 15925: 15920: 15915: 15914: 15913: 15903: 15902: 15901: 15896: 15889:Estrone esters 15886: 15881: 15876: 15865:Estriol esters 15862: 15857: 15852: 15810: 15805: 15800: 15795: 15790: 15785: 15780: 15775: 15770: 15765: 15750:norethisterone 15742: 15711: 15702: 15700: 15685: 15679: 15678: 15667: 15666: 15659: 15652: 15644: 15635: 15634: 15632: 15631: 15626: 15621: 15616: 15607: 15606: 15601: 15596: 15591: 15579: 15577: 15573: 15572: 15570: 15569: 15567:Estratetraenol 15564: 15559: 15554: 15549: 15547:Androstadienol 15544: 15542:3β-Androstenol 15539: 15537:3α-Androstenol 15527: 15526: 15521: 15516: 15511: 15506: 15501: 15496: 15491: 15486: 15481: 15479:3α-Androstenol 15476: 15467: 15466: 15461: 15456: 15451: 15446: 15441: 15436: 15431: 15426: 15421: 15416: 15411: 15409:Corticosterone 15406: 15401: 15396: 15391: 15386: 15381: 15372: 15371: 15366: 15353: 15351: 15345: 15344: 15341: 15340: 15338: 15337: 15332: 15327: 15322: 15313: 15312: 15307: 15302: 15297: 15292: 15287: 15282: 15277: 15271: 15269: 15263: 15262: 15260: 15259: 15245: 15240: 15235: 15230: 15225: 15220: 15215: 15210: 15205: 15200: 15195: 15190: 15185: 15180: 15171: 15170: 15165: 15160: 15155: 15150: 15145: 15140: 15135: 15130: 15125: 15116: 15115: 15113:16-Ketoestrone 15110: 15105: 15100: 15095: 15090: 15085: 15080: 15075: 15070: 15065: 15060: 15055: 15050: 15045: 15040: 15035: 15030: 15025: 15020: 15011: 15009: 15003: 15002: 15000: 14999: 14994: 14989: 14984: 14979: 14974: 14969: 14964: 14959: 14954: 14949: 14944: 14939: 14934: 14929: 14924: 14919: 14914: 14905: 14904: 14899: 14894: 14889: 14884: 14879: 14874: 14869: 14864: 14859: 14854: 14849: 14844: 14842:Androstenediol 14839: 14834: 14829: 14824: 14819: 14813: 14811: 14802: 14796: 14795: 14792: 14791: 14789: 14788: 14783: 14781:Corticosterone 14778: 14773: 14768: 14763: 14758: 14753: 14748: 14743: 14738: 14732: 14730: 14724: 14723: 14721: 14720: 14715: 14706: 14705: 14700: 14695: 14690: 14685: 14680: 14675: 14673:Corticosterone 14670: 14665: 14660: 14655: 14650: 14645: 14640: 14634: 14632: 14623: 14617: 14616: 14614: 14613: 14608: 14603: 14598: 14593: 14588: 14583: 14574: 14565: 14559: 14557: 14551: 14550: 14540: 14539: 14532: 14525: 14517: 14508: 14507: 14504: 14503: 14501: 14500: 14499: 14498: 14493: 14482: 14480: 14474: 14473: 14471: 14470: 14465: 14460: 14455: 14449: 14447: 14441: 14440: 14438: 14437: 14431: 14429: 14423: 14422: 14420: 14419: 14414: 14409: 14403: 14401: 14399:Adipose tissue 14395: 14394: 14391: 14390: 14388: 14387: 14386: 14385: 14380: 14369: 14367: 14360: 14359: 14357: 14356: 14351: 14346: 14344:Enteroglucagon 14340: 14338: 14332: 14331: 14329: 14328: 14323: 14318: 14313: 14308: 14302: 14300: 14294: 14293: 14291: 14290: 14285: 14279: 14277: 14268: 14262: 14261: 14259: 14258: 14253: 14248: 14247: 14246: 14244:Beta thymosins 14241: 14230: 14228: 14219: 14215: 14214: 14211: 14210: 14208: 14207: 14202: 14197: 14191: 14189: 14183: 14182: 14180: 14179: 14174: 14169: 14164: 14159: 14153: 14151: 14145: 14144: 14141: 14140: 14138: 14137: 14132: 14127: 14122: 14116: 14114: 14108: 14107: 14105: 14104: 14099: 14094: 14089: 14084: 14079: 14073: 14071: 14065: 14064: 14062: 14061: 14056: 14051: 14045: 14043: 14034: 14028: 14027: 14025: 14024: 14018: 14016: 14010: 14009: 14007: 14006: 14001: 13996: 13995: 13994: 13990: 13986: 13982: 13972: 13970: 13964: 13963: 13961: 13960: 13959: 13958: 13956:Norepinephrine 13953: 13943: 13942: 13941: 13936: 13931: 13926: 13921: 13916: 13909:Adrenal cortex 13905: 13903: 13897: 13896: 13893: 13892: 13890: 13889: 13884: 13883: 13882: 13877: 13872: 13867: 13862: 13852: 13847: 13842: 13837: 13831: 13829: 13823: 13822: 13820: 13819: 13814: 13808: 13806: 13800: 13799: 13797: 13796: 13791: 13786: 13781: 13776: 13771: 13766: 13760: 13758: 13749: 13738: 13730: 13729: 13722: 13721: 13714: 13707: 13699: 13690: 13689: 13687: 13686: 13681: 13676: 13671: 13666: 13661: 13656: 13651: 13645: 13643: 13639: 13638: 13636: 13635: 13630: 13628:Estrogen ester 13625: 13620: 13615: 13610: 13605: 13600: 13595: 13590: 13585: 13580: 13575: 13570: 13565: 13560: 13555: 13550: 13545: 13540: 13535: 13530: 13525: 13520: 13515: 13510: 13505: 13500: 13495: 13490: 13485: 13480: 13475: 13470: 13465: 13460: 13455: 13450: 13445: 13440: 13434: 13432: 13426: 13425: 13423: 13422: 13417: 13412: 13407: 13402: 13397: 13392: 13387: 13382: 13377: 13372: 13367: 13361: 13359: 13355: 13354: 13347: 13346: 13339: 13332: 13324: 13318: 13317: 13306: 13305:External links 13303: 13301: 13300: 13266: 13238: 13189: 13140: 13114: 13079: 13050:(3): 280–294. 13034: 13009: 12982: 12954: 12925:(6): 490–496. 12905: 12870: 12827: 12790: 12764: 12750: 12728: 12685: 12647: 12618:(9): 488–496. 12598: 12577:(3): 476–479. 12557: 12550: 12532: 12491: 12474: 12451: 12397: 12346: 12300: 12249: 12222:(1): 551–571. 12196: 12147: 12098: 12087:(3): 381–385. 12071: 12044:(4): 579–588. 12028: 11994:(2): 358–366. 11971: 11924: 11875: 11832: 11783: 11754:(4): 545–559. 11731: 11704:(1): 131–141. 11685: 11656:(1): 131–137. 11636: 11609:(5): 443–454. 11593: 11539: 11520:(6): 582–592. 11504: 11475:(7): 633–641. 11455: 11428:(3): 359–366. 11412: 11387: 11366:(5): 437–442. 11346: 11319:(2): 147–160. 11303: 11276:(3): 235–242. 11260: 11233:(4): 364–375. 11217: 11174: 11123: 11074: 11033: 10984: 10955:(3): 785–807. 10935: 10906:(1): 123–127. 10886: 10835: 10828: 10808: 10801: 10781: 10774: 10754: 10747: 10727: 10720: 10700: 10693: 10673: 10666: 10643: 10636: 10611: 10604: 10579: 10552:(3): 201–208. 10536: 10487: 10460:(5): 772–779. 10444: 10417:(4): 374–384. 10400: 10373:(2): 169–180. 10357: 10328:(1): 160–173. 10308: 10279:(8): 587–591. 10259: 10202: 10150: 10132: 10118: 10096: 10082: 10062: 10033:(3): 152–159. 10013: 9994: 9942: 9917: 9891: 9862:(3): 604–610. 9842: 9807:Brain Research 9793: 9742: 9692: 9649: 9606: 9557: 9506: 9479:(4): 466–476. 9463: 9437: 9380: 9354: 9340: 9320: 9301:(1–2): 11–15. 9284: 9247:Genome Biology 9233: 9192: 9173:(3): 175–183. 9156: 9107: 9080:(3): 337–340. 9064: 9057: 9037: 9022: 8999: 8953: 8908: 8879:(2): 103–110. 8859: 8848:(2): 129–142. 8832: 8817: 8797: 8770:(1–2): 51–55. 8754: 8713: 8694:(9): 942–944. 8678: 8651: 8620: 8609: 8589: 8579: 8553: 8551: 8548: 8547: 8546: 8544:Vasoprotective 8541: 8536: 8529: 8526: 8509:phytoestrogens 8500: 8497: 8489: 8488: 8477: 8458:phytoestrogens 8454: 8426: 8423: 8393: 8390: 8388: 8385: 8318: 8315: 8296: 8293: 8265:Main article: 8262: 8259: 8226: 8223: 8216: 8215: 8145: 8144: 7911: 7910: 7903: 7902: 7898: 7897: 7890: 7883: 7875: 7874: 7873: 7872: 7867: 7851:dehydrogenated 7806:Estrogens are 7793: 7790: 7776:Estrogens are 7773: 7770: 7767: 7766: 7746:secretion rate 7734: 7731: 7730: 7727: 7726: 7723: 7720: 7717: 7714: 7711: 7707: 7706: 7705:0.1–0.9 ng/mL 7703: 7700: 7697: 7694: 7691: 7688: 7682: 7681: 7678: 7675: 7672: 7671:Insignificant 7669: 7666: 7662: 7661: 7658: 7655: 7652: 7651:Insignificant 7649: 7646: 7643: 7637: 7636: 7633: 7630: 7627: 7626:Insignificant 7624: 7621: 7620:Postmenopause 7617: 7616: 7615:190–341 pg/mL 7613: 7610: 7607: 7604: 7601: 7597: 7596: 7593: 7590: 7587: 7584: 7581: 7578: 7572: 7571: 7568: 7567:22–230 pmol/L 7565: 7562: 7561:Insignificant 7559: 7556: 7555:Postmenopause 7552: 7551: 7548: 7545: 7542: 7539: 7536: 7532: 7531: 7528: 7525: 7522: 7519: 7516: 7513: 7507: 7506: 7503: 7500: 7497: 7494: 7491: 7488: 7486: 7480: 7479: 7476: 7473: 7470: 7467: 7464: 7461: 7459: 7454: 7450: 7449: 7448:200–900 pg/mL 7446: 7443: 7440: 7439:Insignificant 7437: 7434: 7431: 7429: 7423: 7422: 7419: 7416: 7413: 7410: 7407: 7404: 7402: 7396: 7395: 7392: 7391:37–250 pmol/L 7389: 7386: 7383: 7380: 7377: 7375: 7369: 7368: 7365: 7362: 7359: 7356: 7353: 7350: 7348: 7342: 7341: 7338: 7335: 7332: 7329: 7326: 7323: 7321: 7316: 7312: 7311: 7304: 7297: 7296: 7293: 7288: 7283: 7278: 7273: 7270: 7262: 7261: 7254: 7247: 7239: 7198:basal membrane 7171:adipose tissue 7159:adrenal glands 7107: 7104: 7096: 7093: 7089:stress-hormone 7057: 7054: 7046:RNA polymerase 6941: 6938: 6935: 6934: 6923: 6922: 6919: 6916: 6913: 6910: 6906: 6905: 6902: 6899: 6896: 6893: 6889: 6888: 6885: 6882: 6879: 6876: 6872: 6871: 6868: 6866: 6863: 6860: 6857: 6853: 6852: 6849: 6846: 6843: 6840: 6836: 6835: 6832: 6829: 6826: 6823: 6819: 6818: 6815: 6812: 6809: 6806: 6802: 6801: 6798: 6795: 6792: 6789: 6785: 6784: 6781: 6779: 6775: 6774: 6773:IRR (95% CI)† 6771: 6770:IRR (95% CI)† 6768: 6767:IRR* (95% CI) 6765: 6764:IRR* (95% CI) 6762: 6758: 6757: 6754: 6751: 6748: 6745: 6742: 6741: 6737: 6736: 6735:3.2 (1.9–5.0) 6733: 6730: 6727: 6724: 6723:6.4 (4.9–8.5) 6721: 6718: 6715: 6712: 6708: 6707: 6704: 6701: 6698: 6695: 6692: 6689: 6686: 6683: 6679: 6678: 6675: 6672: 6669: 6666: 6663: 6660: 6657: 6654: 6650: 6649: 6646: 6644: 6641: 6638: 6635: 6632: 6629: 6626: 6622: 6621: 6618: 6615: 6612: 6609: 6606: 6603: 6600: 6597: 6593: 6592: 6591:5.7 (4.6–7.2) 6589: 6586: 6585:5.8 (4.1–8.3) 6583: 6580: 6577: 6574: 6571: 6568: 6564: 6563: 6562:4.1 (3.2–5.2) 6560: 6557: 6556:4.6 (3.1–7.0) 6554: 6551: 6548: 6545: 6542: 6539: 6535: 6534: 6531: 6528: 6525: 6522: 6519: 6516: 6513: 6510: 6506: 6505: 6504:3.6 (3.4–3.7) 6502: 6499: 6498:3.2 (3.0–3.3) 6496: 6493: 6490: 6487: 6486:4.2 (4.0–4.4) 6484: 6481: 6477: 6476: 6475:Rate (95% CI) 6473: 6470: 6469:Rate (95% CI) 6467: 6464: 6463:Rate (95% CI) 6461: 6458: 6457:Rate (95% CI) 6455: 6452: 6448: 6447: 6444: 6441: 6438: 6435: 6432: 6431: 6423: 6422: 6415: 6408: 6400: 6373: 6370: 6341: 6338: 6332: 6329: 6287: 6284: 6279: 6276: 6216: 6213: 6193: 6190: 6175: 6172: 6170: 6167: 6146: 6143: 6111: 6108: 6078:fat deposition 6054:growth hormone 6043: 6040: 6015:. Conversely, 5992: 5989: 5988: 5987: 5986: 5985: 5971: 5947: 5946: 5945: 5925: 5924: 5923: 5906: 5905: 5904: 5897: 5891: 5884: 5877: 5868: 5867: 5866: 5853: 5852: 5851: 5850: 5834: 5833: 5832: 5825: 5814:Fluid balance 5812: 5811: 5810: 5803: 5788: 5787: 5786: 5775: 5768:Angiotensin II 5760: 5753: 5746: 5716: 5715: 5714: 5707: 5691: 5690: 5689: 5683: 5682: 5681: 5671: 5664:estrogenic fat 5653: 5647: 5641: 5640: 5639: 5636: 5629: 5577: 5576: 5542: 5540: 5533: 5527: 5524: 5521: 5520: 5519:See template. 5486:ovariectomized 5456: 5455: 5452: 5449: 5446: 5443: 5440: 5434: 5433: 5430: 5427: 5424: 5421: 5418: 5412: 5411: 5408: 5405: 5402: 5399: 5396: 5390: 5389: 5386: 5383: 5380: 5377: 5374: 5368: 5367: 5364: 5361: 5358: 5355: 5352: 5346: 5345: 5342: 5339: 5336: 5333: 5330: 5324: 5323: 5320: 5317: 5314: 5311: 5308: 5302: 5301: 5298: 5295: 5292: 5289: 5286: 5280: 5279: 5276: 5273: 5270: 5267: 5264: 5258: 5257: 5254: 5251: 5248: 5245: 5242: 5236: 5235: 5232: 5229: 5226: 5223: 5220: 5214: 5213: 5210: 5207: 5204: 5201: 5198: 5192: 5191: 5188: 5185: 5182: 5179: 5176: 5170: 5169: 5166: 5163: 5160: 5157: 5154: 5148: 5147: 5144: 5141: 5138: 5135: 5132: 5126: 5125: 5122: 5119: 5116: 5113: 5110: 5104: 5103: 5100: 5097: 5094: 5091: 5088: 5086:Estradiol (E2) 5082: 5081: 5078: 5075: 5072: 5069: 5066: 5062: 5061: 5042: 5031: 5026: 5023:Uterine weight 5020: 5001: 4991: 4990: 4983: 4976: 4968: 4963: 4962: 4901: 4850: 4849: 4846: 4843: 4840: 4837: 4831: 4830: 4827: 4824: 4821: 4818: 4812: 4811: 4808: 4805: 4802: 4799: 4793: 4792: 4789: 4786: 4783: 4780: 4774: 4773: 4770: 4767: 4764: 4761: 4755: 4754: 4751: 4748: 4745: 4742: 4736: 4735: 4732: 4729: 4726: 4723: 4717: 4716: 4713: 4710: 4707: 4704: 4698: 4697: 4694: 4691: 4688: 4685: 4679: 4678: 4675: 4672: 4669: 4666: 4660: 4659: 4656: 4653: 4650: 4647: 4641: 4640: 4637: 4634: 4631: 4628: 4622: 4621: 4618: 4615: 4612: 4609: 4603: 4602: 4599: 4596: 4593: 4590: 4584: 4583: 4580: 4577: 4574: 4571: 4565: 4564: 4561: 4558: 4555: 4552: 4546: 4545: 4542: 4539: 4536: 4533: 4527: 4526: 4523: 4520: 4517: 4514: 4508: 4507: 4502: 4497: 4491: 4490: 4482: 4471: 4468: 4458: 4457: 4450: 4443: 4435: 4430: 4429: 4428:See template. 4323: 4322: 4319: 4316: 4313: 4310: 4307: 4304: 4301: 4295: 4294: 4291: 4288: 4285: 4282: 4279: 4276: 4273: 4267: 4266: 4263: 4260: 4257: 4254: 4251: 4248: 4245: 4239: 4238: 4235: 4232: 4229: 4226: 4223: 4220: 4217: 4211: 4210: 4207: 4204: 4201: 4198: 4195: 4192: 4189: 4183: 4182: 4179: 4176: 4173: 4170: 4167: 4164: 4161: 4155: 4154: 4151: 4148: 4145: 4142: 4139: 4136: 4133: 4127: 4126: 4123: 4120: 4117: 4114: 4111: 4108: 4105: 4099: 4098: 4095: 4092: 4089: 4086: 4083: 4080: 4077: 4071: 4070: 4067: 4064: 4061: 4058: 4055: 4052: 4049: 4043: 4042: 4039: 4036: 4033: 4030: 4027: 4024: 4021: 4015: 4014: 4011: 4008: 4005: 4002: 3999: 3996: 3993: 3987: 3986: 3983: 3980: 3977: 3974: 3971: 3968: 3965: 3959: 3958: 3955: 3952: 3949: 3946: 3943: 3940: 3937: 3931: 3930: 3920: 3910: 3900: 3890: 3880: 3870: 3859: 3858: 3852: 3842: 3841: 3834: 3827: 3819: 3814: 3813: 3779: 3778: 3775: 3772: 3769: 3766: 3763: 3760: 3754: 3753: 3750: 3747: 3744: 3741: 3738: 3735: 3729: 3728: 3725: 3722: 3719: 3716: 3713: 3710: 3704: 3703: 3700: 3697: 3694: 3691: 3688: 3685: 3679: 3678: 3675: 3672: 3669: 3666: 3665:0.5 (0.3–0.7) 3663: 3660: 3654: 3653: 3650: 3647: 3644: 3641: 3638: 3635: 3633:Norethisterone 3629: 3628: 3625: 3622: 3619: 3616: 3613: 3610: 3604: 3603: 3600: 3597: 3594: 3591: 3588: 3585: 3579: 3578: 3575: 3572: 3569: 3566: 3563: 3560: 3554: 3553: 3550: 3547: 3544: 3541: 3538: 3535: 3529: 3528: 3525: 3522: 3519: 3516: 3513: 3510: 3504: 3503: 3500: 3497: 3494: 3491: 3488: 3485: 3479: 3478: 3475: 3472: 3469: 3466: 3463: 3460: 3454: 3453: 3450: 3447: 3444: 3441: 3438: 3435: 3429: 3428: 3425: 3422: 3419: 3416: 3413: 3410: 3404: 3403: 3400: 3397: 3394: 3391: 3388: 3385: 3379: 3378: 3375: 3372: 3369: 3366: 3363: 3360: 3354: 3353: 3350: 3347: 3344: 3341: 3338: 3335: 3329: 3328: 3325: 3322: 3319: 3316: 3313: 3310: 3304: 3303: 3300: 3297: 3294: 3291: 3288: 3285: 3279: 3278: 3275: 3272: 3269: 3266: 3263: 3260: 3254: 3253: 3250: 3247: 3244: 3241: 3238: 3233:Hydroxychlor; 3231: 3225: 3224: 3221: 3218: 3215: 3212: 3209: 3208:-Dimethoxy-DDT 3203: 3197: 3196: 3193: 3190: 3187: 3184: 3181: 3178: 3169: 3168: 3165: 3162: 3159: 3156: 3153: 3150: 3141: 3140: 3137: 3134: 3131: 3128: 3125: 3122: 3116: 3115: 3112: 3109: 3106: 3103: 3100: 3097: 3091: 3090: 3087: 3084: 3081: 3078: 3075: 3072: 3066: 3065: 3062: 3059: 3056: 3053: 3050: 3047: 3041: 3040: 3037: 3034: 3031: 3028: 3025: 3022: 3016: 3015: 3012: 3009: 3006: 3003: 3000: 2997: 2991: 2990: 2987: 2984: 2981: 2978: 2975: 2972: 2966: 2965: 2962: 2959: 2956: 2953: 2950: 2947: 2941: 2940: 2937: 2934: 2931: 2928: 2925: 2922: 2916: 2915: 2912: 2909: 2906: 2903: 2900: 2897: 2891: 2890: 2887: 2884: 2881: 2878: 2875: 2872: 2866: 2865: 2862: 2859: 2856: 2853: 2850: 2847: 2841: 2840: 2837: 2834: 2831: 2828: 2825: 2822: 2816: 2815: 2812: 2809: 2806: 2803: 2800: 2797: 2791: 2790: 2787: 2784: 2781: 2778: 2777:<0.001–0.01 2775: 2772: 2766: 2765: 2762: 2759: 2756: 2753: 2750: 2747: 2741: 2740: 2737: 2734: 2731: 2728: 2725: 2722: 2716: 2715: 2712: 2709: 2706: 2703: 2700: 2697: 2691: 2690: 2687: 2684: 2681: 2678: 2675: 2672: 2666: 2665: 2662: 2659: 2656: 2653: 2650: 2647: 2641: 2640: 2637: 2634: 2631: 2628: 2625: 2622: 2616: 2615: 2612: 2609: 2606: 2603: 2600: 2597: 2591: 2590: 2587: 2584: 2581: 2578: 2575: 2572: 2566: 2565: 2562: 2559: 2556: 2553: 2550: 2547: 2541: 2540: 2537: 2534: 2531: 2528: 2525: 2522: 2516: 2515: 2512: 2509: 2506: 2503: 2500: 2497: 2491: 2490: 2487: 2484: 2481: 2478: 2475: 2472: 2466: 2465: 2462: 2459: 2456: 2453: 2450: 2447: 2441: 2440: 2437: 2434: 2431: 2428: 2425: 2422: 2416: 2415: 2412: 2409: 2406: 2403: 2400: 2397: 2391: 2390: 2387: 2384: 2381: 2378: 2375: 2372: 2366: 2365: 2362: 2359: 2356: 2353: 2350: 2347: 2341: 2340: 2337: 2334: 2331: 2328: 2325: 2322: 2316: 2315: 2312: 2309: 2306: 2303: 2300: 2297: 2291: 2290: 2287: 2284: 2281: 2278: 2275: 2272: 2266: 2265: 2262: 2259: 2256: 2253: 2250: 2247: 2241: 2240: 2237: 2234: 2231: 2228: 2225: 2222: 2216: 2215: 2212: 2209: 2206: 2203: 2200: 2197: 2191: 2190: 2187: 2184: 2181: 2178: 2175: 2172: 2166: 2165: 2162: 2159: 2156: 2153: 2150: 2147: 2141: 2140: 2137: 2134: 2131: 2128: 2125: 2122: 2116: 2115: 2112: 2109: 2106: 2103: 2100: 2097: 2091: 2090: 2087: 2084: 2081: 2078: 2077:41.2 (7.8–69) 2075: 2072: 2066: 2065: 2062: 2059: 2056: 2053: 2050: 2047: 2041: 2040: 2037: 2034: 2031: 2028: 2025: 2022: 2016: 2015: 2012: 2009: 2006: 2003: 2000: 1997: 1991: 1990: 1987: 1984: 1981: 1978: 1975: 1972: 1966: 1965: 1962: 1959: 1956: 1955:10 (0.98–339) 1953: 1950: 1947: 1941: 1940: 1937: 1934: 1931: 1930:3.33 (0.28–6) 1928: 1925: 1922: 1916: 1915: 1912: 1909: 1906: 1903: 1900: 1897: 1891: 1890: 1887: 1884: 1881: 1878: 1875: 1872: 1866: 1865: 1862: 1859: 1856: 1853: 1850: 1847: 1841: 1840: 1837: 1834: 1831: 1828: 1825: 1822: 1816: 1815: 1812: 1809: 1806: 1803: 1802:37 (20.4–223) 1800: 1797: 1791: 1790: 1787: 1784: 1781: 1778: 1775: 1772: 1766: 1765: 1762: 1759: 1756: 1753: 1750: 1747: 1741: 1740: 1737: 1734: 1731: 1728: 1725: 1722: 1716: 1715: 1712: 1709: 1706: 1703: 1700: 1697: 1691: 1690: 1687: 1684: 1681: 1678: 1675: 1672: 1666: 1665: 1662: 1659: 1656: 1653: 1650: 1647: 1641: 1640: 1637: 1634: 1631: 1628: 1625: 1622: 1616: 1615: 1612: 1609: 1606: 1603: 1600: 1597: 1591: 1590: 1587: 1584: 1581: 1578: 1575: 1572: 1566: 1565: 1562: 1559: 1556: 1553: 1550: 1547: 1541: 1540: 1537: 1534: 1531: 1528: 1525: 1522: 1516: 1515: 1512: 1509: 1506: 1503: 1500: 1497: 1491: 1490: 1487: 1484: 1481: 1478: 1475: 1472: 1466: 1465: 1462: 1459: 1456: 1453: 1452:13 (4.0–28.9) 1450: 1447: 1441: 1440: 1437: 1434: 1431: 1428: 1425: 1422: 1413: 1412: 1409: 1406: 1403: 1400: 1397: 1394: 1388: 1387: 1384: 1381: 1378: 1375: 1372: 1369: 1363: 1362: 1359: 1356: 1353: 1350: 1347: 1344: 1338: 1337: 1334: 1331: 1328: 1325: 1322: 1319: 1313: 1312: 1309: 1306: 1303: 1300: 1297: 1294: 1288: 1287: 1284: 1281: 1278: 1275: 1272: 1269: 1263: 1262: 1259: 1256: 1253: 1250: 1247: 1244: 1238: 1237: 1234: 1231: 1228: 1225: 1222: 1219: 1213: 1212: 1209: 1206: 1203: 1200: 1197: 1194: 1188: 1187: 1184: 1181: 1178: 1175: 1172: 1169: 1163: 1162: 1159: 1156: 1153: 1150: 1147: 1144: 1138: 1137: 1134: 1131: 1128: 1125: 1122: 1119: 1113: 1112: 1109: 1106: 1103: 1100: 1097: 1094: 1088: 1087: 1084: 1081: 1078: 1075: 1072: 1069: 1063: 1062: 1059: 1056: 1053: 1050: 1047: 1044: 1038: 1037: 1034: 1031: 1028: 1025: 1022: 1019: 1013: 1012: 1009: 1006: 1003: 1000: 997: 994: 988: 987: 984: 981: 978: 975: 972: 969: 963: 962: 959: 956: 953: 950: 947: 944: 938: 937: 934: 931: 928: 925: 922: 919: 913: 912: 909: 906: 903: 900: 897: 894: 888: 887: 884: 881: 878: 875: 872: 869: 863: 862: 859: 856: 853: 850: 847: 844: 838: 837: 834: 831: 828: 825: 824:20.5 (7–80.1) 822: 819: 813: 812: 809: 806: 803: 800: 797: 794: 788: 787: 784: 781: 778: 775: 772: 769: 763: 762: 759: 756: 753: 752:6.5 (1.36–52) 750: 747: 744: 738: 737: 734: 731: 728: 725: 722: 719: 713: 712: 707: 702: 697: 691: 690: 687: 683: 677: 671: 668: 656: 655: 648: 641: 633: 560: 557: 522:androstenediol 425: 424: 405: 404: 368: 367: 360: 359: 355: 354: 347: 340: 332: 331: 330: 329: 324: 322: 319: 176: 175: 169: 168: 164: 163: 156: 150: 149: 148:External links 145: 144: 122: 116: 115: 110: 104: 103: 77: 73: 72: 68: 67: 61: 53: 52: 44: 43: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 19101: 19090: 19087: 19085: 19082: 19080: 19077: 19075: 19072: 19070: 19067: 19065: 19062: 19060: 19057: 19055: 19052: 19050: 19047: 19045: 19042: 19040: 19037: 19035: 19032: 19030: 19027: 19025: 19022: 19020: 19017: 19015: 19012: 19010: 19007: 19005: 19002: 19000: 18997: 18995: 18992: 18990: 18987: 18986: 18984: 18969: 18966: 18964: 18961: 18959: 18956: 18954: 18951: 18949: 18946: 18943: 18942: 18939: 18929: 18926: 18924: 18921: 18920: 18918: 18914: 18908: 18905: 18903: 18900: 18898: 18895: 18893: 18890: 18888: 18885: 18884: 18882: 18878: 18872: 18869: 18867: 18864: 18862: 18859: 18857: 18854: 18852: 18849: 18847: 18844: 18842: 18839: 18836: 18832: 18829: 18827: 18824: 18822: 18819: 18817: 18814: 18812: 18809: 18807: 18804: 18802: 18799: 18797: 18794: 18792: 18789: 18787: 18784: 18782: 18779: 18777: 18774: 18772: 18769: 18767: 18764: 18762: 18759: 18757: 18754: 18751: 18747: 18743: 18740: 18738: 18735: 18733: 18730: 18728: 18725: 18723: 18720: 18718: 18715: 18713: 18710: 18708: 18705: 18704: 18702: 18698: 18695: 18690: 18684: 18674: 18671: 18668: 18667: 18664: 18661: 18658: 18657: 18654: 18651: 18649: 18646: 18644: 18641: 18639: 18636: 18634: 18631: 18629: 18626: 18624: 18621: 18619: 18616: 18614: 18611: 18609: 18606: 18604: 18601: 18599: 18596: 18594: 18591: 18589: 18586: 18584: 18581: 18579: 18576: 18574: 18571: 18568: 18564: 18560: 18556: 18552: 18549: 18547: 18544: 18542: 18539: 18537: 18534: 18532: 18529: 18527: 18524: 18522: 18519: 18517: 18514: 18512: 18509: 18507: 18504: 18503: 18501: 18497: 18491: 18488: 18486: 18483: 18481: 18478: 18476: 18473: 18471: 18468: 18466: 18463: 18461: 18458: 18456: 18453: 18451: 18448: 18446: 18443: 18441: 18438: 18436: 18433: 18431: 18428: 18426: 18423: 18421: 18418: 18416: 18415:Pipendoxifene 18413: 18411: 18408: 18406: 18403: 18401: 18398: 18396: 18393: 18391: 18388: 18386: 18383: 18381: 18378: 18376: 18373: 18371: 18368: 18366: 18363: 18361: 18358: 18356: 18353: 18351: 18348: 18346: 18343: 18341: 18338: 18336: 18333: 18331: 18328: 18326: 18323: 18321: 18318: 18316: 18313: 18311: 18308: 18306: 18303: 18301: 18298: 18296: 18293: 18291: 18288: 18286: 18283: 18281: 18278: 18276: 18273: 18271: 18268: 18266: 18263: 18261: 18258: 18256: 18253: 18251: 18250:Clomifenoxide 18248: 18246: 18243: 18241: 18238: 18236: 18233: 18231: 18228: 18226: 18225:Brilanestrant 18223: 18221: 18218: 18216: 18213: 18211: 18208: 18206: 18203: 18201: 18198: 18196: 18193: 18191: 18188: 18186: 18183: 18181: 18178: 18176: 18173: 18171: 18168: 18167: 18165: 18159: 18150: 18143: 18139: 18135: 18132: 18128: 18124: 18120: 18116: 18112: 18108: 18104: 18100: 18096: 18092: 18088: 18085: 18082: 18078: 18074: 18071: 18068: 18064: 18061:-like (e.g., 18060: 18057: 18054: 18050: 18046: 18042: 18038: 18034: 18030: 18027: 18024: 18020: 18016: 18012: 18009: 18006: 18005:guggulsterone 18002: 17998: 17994: 17990: 17989:Phytosteroids 17987: 17984: 17980: 17976: 17972: 17968: 17964: 17960: 17956: 17952: 17948: 17945: 17942: 17938: 17935: 17932: 17930: 17924: 17923:enterolactone 17920: 17916: 17913: 17911: 17908: 17905: 17901: 17897: 17893: 17889: 17885: 17881: 17877: 17873: 17869: 17865: 17861: 17857: 17853: 17849: 17845: 17841: 17837: 17833: 17829: 17825: 17821: 17817: 17813: 17809: 17805: 17801: 17797: 17793: 17789: 17785: 17781: 17777: 17774: 17771: 17767: 17763: 17760: 17757: 17756:wedelolactone 17753: 17749: 17745: 17741: 17738: 17735: 17734:photoanethole 17731: 17727: 17723: 17719: 17715: 17712: 17709: 17708: 17705: 17702: 17700: 17697: 17695: 17692: 17690: 17687: 17684: 17683: 17680: 17677: 17675: 17672: 17670: 17667: 17665: 17662: 17660: 17657: 17655: 17652: 17650: 17647: 17645: 17642: 17640: 17637: 17635: 17632: 17630: 17627: 17625: 17622: 17620: 17617: 17615: 17612: 17610: 17607: 17605: 17602: 17600: 17597: 17595: 17592: 17590: 17589:Pentafluranol 17587: 17585: 17582: 17580: 17577: 17575: 17572: 17570: 17567: 17565: 17562: 17560: 17558: 17554: 17552: 17550: 17546: 17544: 17541: 17539: 17536: 17532: 17529: 17528: 17527: 17524: 17522: 17519: 17517: 17514: 17512: 17509: 17507: 17504: 17502: 17499: 17497: 17494: 17492: 17489: 17487: 17484: 17482: 17479: 17477: 17474: 17472: 17469: 17467: 17464: 17462: 17459: 17457: 17454: 17450: 17447: 17446: 17445: 17442: 17438: 17435: 17434: 17433: 17430: 17428: 17425: 17423: 17420: 17418: 17415: 17413: 17410: 17408: 17405: 17403: 17400: 17398: 17395: 17393: 17390: 17388: 17385: 17383: 17380: 17378: 17375: 17373: 17370: 17368: 17365: 17363: 17360: 17358: 17355: 17353: 17350: 17349:Nonsteroidal: 17347: 17346: 17343: 17340: 17338: 17335: 17333: 17330: 17328: 17325: 17323: 17320: 17318: 17315: 17313: 17310: 17308: 17305: 17303: 17300: 17298: 17295: 17293: 17290: 17288: 17285: 17283: 17280: 17278: 17275: 17273: 17270: 17268: 17265: 17263: 17260: 17258: 17255: 17253: 17250: 17248: 17245: 17243: 17240: 17238: 17235: 17233: 17230: 17228: 17225: 17223: 17220: 17216: 17213: 17211: 17208: 17207: 17206: 17203: 17199: 17198:Ethandrostate 17196: 17195: 17194: 17191: 17189: 17186: 17182: 17179: 17177: 17174: 17172: 17169: 17168: 17167: 17164: 17162: 17159: 17157: 17154: 17152: 17149: 17145: 17142: 17140: 17137: 17136: 17135: 17132: 17130: 17127: 17125: 17122: 17120: 17117: 17115: 17112: 17108: 17105: 17103: 17100: 17098: 17095: 17094: 17093: 17090: 17088: 17085: 17083: 17080: 17078: 17075: 17073: 17070: 17068: 17065: 17063: 17060: 17058: 17055: 17053: 17051: 17047: 17045: 17042: 17040: 17037: 17035: 17032: 17030: 17027: 17025: 17022: 17020: 17017: 17013: 17010: 17009: 17008: 17007:Cloxestradiol 17005: 17003: 17000: 16998: 16995: 16993: 16990: 16988: 16985: 16983: 16980: 16977: 16973: 16969: 16965: 16961: 16957: 16953: 16950: 16948: 16945: 16943: 16940: 16938: 16935: 16933: 16930: 16928: 16925: 16923: 16920: 16918: 16915: 16913: 16910: 16908: 16905: 16903: 16900: 16898: 16895: 16893: 16890: 16887: 16883: 16882:17α-Estradiol 16880: 16878: 16875: 16873: 16870: 16868: 16865: 16863: 16860: 16858: 16855: 16853: 16850: 16848: 16845: 16843: 16840: 16838: 16835: 16833: 16830: 16828: 16825: 16823: 16820: 16818: 16815: 16813: 16810: 16808: 16805: 16803: 16800: 16798: 16795: 16793: 16790: 16788: 16785: 16783: 16780: 16778: 16775: 16773: 16770: 16768: 16765: 16763: 16760: 16758: 16755: 16753: 16750: 16748: 16745: 16743: 16740: 16738: 16735: 16733: 16730: 16728: 16725: 16723: 16720: 16718: 16715: 16713: 16710: 16708: 16705: 16703: 16700: 16698: 16695: 16692: 16691: 16689: 16685: 16682: 16677: 16671: 16667: 16664: 16657: 16652: 16650: 16645: 16643: 16638: 16637: 16634: 16622: 16619: 16617: 16614: 16612: 16609: 16607: 16604: 16601: 16600: 16593: 16591: 16588: 16587: 16585: 16582: 16579: 16576: 16574: 16571: 16570: 16566: 16556: 16553: 16551: 16548: 16545: 16544: 16541: 16538: 16536: 16533: 16530: 16529: 16527: 16523: 16516: 16512: 16508: 16504: 16500: 16496: 16492: 16489: 16486: 16482: 16478: 16472: 16469: 16465: 16461: 16455: 16452: 16448: 16444: 16440: 16436: 16432: 16428: 16424: 16421: 16414: 16411: 16407: 16403: 16399: 16395: 16391: 16387: 16384: 16383: 16381: 16379: 16375: 16369: 16366: 16364: 16361: 16359: 16356: 16353: 16352: 16349: 16346: 16344: 16341: 16338: 16337: 16334: 16331: 16329: 16326: 16323: 16322: 16320: 16318: 16314: 16308: 16305: 16302: 16301: 16298: 16295: 16293: 16290: 16287: 16286: 16283: 16280: 16278: 16275: 16273: 16270: 16268: 16265: 16263: 16260: 16258: 16255: 16253: 16250: 16248: 16245: 16243: 16240: 16238: 16235: 16233: 16230: 16228: 16225: 16223: 16220: 16218: 16215: 16213: 16210: 16209: 16207: 16201: 16192: 16181: 16175: 16172: 16170: 16169:Antiestrogens 16166: 16152: 16143: 16137: 16136:Gonadotropins 16134: 16131: 16127: 16126:(gonadorelin) 16120: 16114: 16111: 16107: 16106:Antiandrogens 16104: 16103: 16101: 16099: 16095: 16089: 16086: 16084: 16081: 16079: 16076: 16074: 16071: 16069: 16066: 16062: 16059: 16058: 16057: 16054: 16052: 16049: 16045: 16042: 16041: 16040: 16037: 16035: 16032: 16028: 16025: 16023: 16020: 16018: 16015: 16014: 16013: 16010: 16008: 16005: 16001: 15998: 15997: 15996: 15993: 15991: 15988: 15986: 15983: 15981: 15978: 15977:Nonsteroidal: 15975: 15974: 15971: 15968: 15966: 15963: 15961: 15958: 15954: 15951: 15949: 15946: 15945: 15944: 15941: 15939: 15936: 15934: 15931: 15929: 15926: 15924: 15921: 15919: 15916: 15912: 15909: 15908: 15907: 15904: 15900: 15897: 15895: 15892: 15891: 15890: 15887: 15885: 15882: 15880: 15877: 15874: 15870: 15866: 15863: 15861: 15858: 15856: 15853: 15850: 15846: 15842: 15838: 15834: 15830: 15826: 15822: 15818: 15814: 15811: 15809: 15806: 15804: 15801: 15799: 15796: 15794: 15791: 15789: 15786: 15784: 15781: 15779: 15776: 15774: 15771: 15769: 15766: 15763: 15759: 15755: 15751: 15747: 15743: 15740: 15736: 15732: 15728: 15724: 15720: 15716: 15712: 15710: 15707: 15704: 15703: 15701: 15695: 15689: 15686: 15684: 15680: 15676: 15675:antiestrogens 15672: 15665: 15660: 15658: 15653: 15651: 15646: 15645: 15642: 15630: 15627: 15625: 15622: 15620: 15617: 15615: 15612: 15609: 15608: 15605: 15602: 15600: 15597: 15595: 15592: 15590: 15587: 15585: 15581: 15580: 15578: 15574: 15568: 15565: 15563: 15560: 15558: 15555: 15553: 15550: 15548: 15545: 15543: 15540: 15538: 15535: 15533: 15529: 15528: 15525: 15522: 15520: 15517: 15515: 15512: 15510: 15507: 15505: 15502: 15500: 15497: 15495: 15492: 15490: 15487: 15485: 15482: 15480: 15477: 15475: 15472: 15469: 15468: 15465: 15462: 15460: 15457: 15455: 15452: 15450: 15447: 15445: 15442: 15440: 15437: 15435: 15432: 15430: 15427: 15425: 15422: 15420: 15417: 15415: 15412: 15410: 15407: 15405: 15402: 15400: 15397: 15395: 15392: 15390: 15387: 15385: 15382: 15380: 15377: 15374: 15373: 15370: 15367: 15365: 15363: 15358: 15355: 15354: 15352: 15350: 15349:Neurosteroids 15346: 15336: 15335:Pregnanetriol 15333: 15331: 15328: 15326: 15323: 15321: 15318: 15315: 15314: 15311: 15308: 15306: 15303: 15301: 15298: 15296: 15293: 15291: 15288: 15286: 15283: 15281: 15278: 15276: 15273: 15272: 15270: 15268: 15264: 15257: 15253: 15249: 15246: 15244: 15241: 15239: 15236: 15234: 15231: 15229: 15226: 15224: 15221: 15219: 15216: 15214: 15211: 15209: 15206: 15204: 15201: 15199: 15196: 15194: 15191: 15189: 15186: 15184: 15181: 15179: 15176: 15173: 15172: 15169: 15166: 15164: 15161: 15159: 15156: 15154: 15151: 15149: 15146: 15144: 15141: 15139: 15136: 15134: 15131: 15129: 15126: 15124: 15121: 15118: 15117: 15114: 15111: 15109: 15106: 15104: 15101: 15099: 15096: 15094: 15091: 15089: 15086: 15084: 15081: 15079: 15076: 15074: 15071: 15069: 15066: 15064: 15061: 15059: 15056: 15054: 15051: 15049: 15046: 15044: 15041: 15039: 15038:17α-Estradiol 15036: 15034: 15031: 15029: 15026: 15024: 15021: 15019: 15016: 15013: 15012: 15010: 15008: 15004: 14998: 14995: 14993: 14990: 14988: 14985: 14983: 14980: 14978: 14975: 14973: 14970: 14968: 14965: 14963: 14960: 14958: 14955: 14953: 14950: 14948: 14945: 14943: 14940: 14938: 14935: 14933: 14930: 14928: 14925: 14923: 14920: 14918: 14915: 14913: 14910: 14907: 14906: 14903: 14900: 14898: 14895: 14893: 14890: 14888: 14885: 14883: 14880: 14878: 14875: 14873: 14870: 14868: 14865: 14863: 14860: 14858: 14855: 14853: 14850: 14848: 14845: 14843: 14840: 14838: 14835: 14833: 14830: 14828: 14825: 14823: 14820: 14818: 14815: 14814: 14812: 14810: 14806: 14803: 14801: 14797: 14787: 14784: 14782: 14779: 14777: 14774: 14772: 14769: 14767: 14764: 14762: 14759: 14757: 14754: 14752: 14749: 14747: 14744: 14742: 14739: 14737: 14734: 14733: 14731: 14729: 14725: 14719: 14716: 14714: 14711: 14708: 14707: 14704: 14701: 14699: 14696: 14694: 14691: 14689: 14686: 14684: 14681: 14679: 14676: 14674: 14671: 14669: 14666: 14664: 14661: 14659: 14656: 14654: 14651: 14649: 14646: 14644: 14641: 14639: 14636: 14635: 14633: 14631: 14627: 14624: 14622: 14618: 14612: 14609: 14607: 14604: 14602: 14599: 14597: 14594: 14592: 14589: 14587: 14584: 14582: 14580: 14575: 14573: 14571: 14566: 14564: 14561: 14560: 14558: 14556: 14552: 14548: 14545: 14538: 14533: 14531: 14526: 14524: 14519: 14518: 14515: 14497: 14494: 14492: 14489: 14488: 14487: 14484: 14483: 14481: 14479: 14475: 14469: 14468:Prostaglandin 14466: 14464: 14461: 14459: 14456: 14454: 14451: 14450: 14448: 14446: 14442: 14436: 14433: 14432: 14430: 14428: 14424: 14418: 14415: 14413: 14410: 14408: 14405: 14404: 14402: 14400: 14396: 14384: 14381: 14379: 14376: 14375: 14374: 14371: 14370: 14368: 14365: 14361: 14355: 14352: 14350: 14347: 14345: 14342: 14341: 14339: 14337: 14333: 14327: 14324: 14322: 14319: 14317: 14314: 14312: 14309: 14307: 14304: 14303: 14301: 14299: 14295: 14289: 14286: 14284: 14281: 14280: 14278: 14276: 14272: 14269: 14267: 14263: 14257: 14254: 14252: 14249: 14245: 14242: 14240: 14237: 14236: 14235: 14232: 14231: 14229: 14227: 14223: 14220: 14216: 14206: 14203: 14201: 14198: 14196: 14193: 14192: 14190: 14188: 14184: 14178: 14175: 14173: 14170: 14168: 14165: 14163: 14160: 14158: 14155: 14154: 14152: 14150: 14146: 14136: 14133: 14131: 14128: 14126: 14123: 14121: 14118: 14117: 14115: 14113: 14109: 14103: 14100: 14098: 14095: 14093: 14090: 14088: 14085: 14083: 14080: 14078: 14075: 14074: 14072: 14070: 14066: 14060: 14057: 14055: 14052: 14050: 14047: 14046: 14044: 14042: 14038: 14035: 14033: 14029: 14023: 14020: 14019: 14017: 14015: 14011: 14005: 14002: 14000: 13997: 13993: 13987: 13985: 13979: 13978: 13977: 13974: 13973: 13971: 13969: 13965: 13957: 13954: 13952: 13949: 13948: 13947: 13944: 13940: 13937: 13935: 13932: 13930: 13927: 13925: 13922: 13920: 13917: 13915: 13912: 13911: 13910: 13907: 13906: 13904: 13902: 13898: 13888: 13885: 13881: 13878: 13876: 13873: 13871: 13868: 13866: 13863: 13861: 13858: 13857: 13856: 13853: 13851: 13848: 13846: 13843: 13841: 13838: 13836: 13833: 13832: 13830: 13828: 13824: 13818: 13815: 13813: 13810: 13809: 13807: 13805: 13801: 13795: 13792: 13790: 13787: 13785: 13782: 13780: 13777: 13775: 13772: 13770: 13767: 13765: 13762: 13761: 13759: 13757: 13753: 13750: 13748: 13745:Hypothalamic– 13742: 13739: 13737: 13731: 13727: 13720: 13715: 13713: 13708: 13706: 13701: 13700: 13697: 13685: 13682: 13680: 13677: 13675: 13672: 13670: 13667: 13665: 13662: 13660: 13657: 13655: 13652: 13650: 13647: 13646: 13644: 13640: 13634: 13631: 13629: 13626: 13624: 13621: 13619: 13616: 13614: 13611: 13609: 13606: 13604: 13601: 13599: 13596: 13594: 13591: 13589: 13586: 13584: 13581: 13579: 13576: 13574: 13571: 13569: 13566: 13564: 13561: 13559: 13556: 13554: 13551: 13549: 13546: 13544: 13541: 13539: 13536: 13534: 13531: 13529: 13526: 13524: 13521: 13519: 13516: 13514: 13511: 13509: 13506: 13504: 13501: 13499: 13496: 13494: 13491: 13489: 13486: 13484: 13481: 13479: 13476: 13474: 13471: 13469: 13466: 13464: 13461: 13459: 13456: 13454: 13451: 13449: 13446: 13444: 13441: 13439: 13436: 13435: 13433: 13431: 13427: 13421: 13418: 13416: 13413: 13411: 13408: 13406: 13403: 13401: 13398: 13396: 13393: 13391: 13388: 13386: 13383: 13381: 13378: 13376: 13373: 13371: 13368: 13366: 13363: 13362: 13360: 13356: 13352: 13345: 13340: 13338: 13333: 13331: 13326: 13325: 13322: 13315: 13314: 13309: 13308: 13288: 13284: 13280: 13273: 13271: 13255: 13254: 13249: 13242: 13234: 13230: 13225: 13220: 13216: 13212: 13208: 13204: 13200: 13193: 13185: 13181: 13176: 13171: 13167: 13163: 13159: 13155: 13151: 13144: 13129: 13125: 13118: 13110: 13106: 13102: 13098: 13094: 13090: 13083: 13075: 13071: 13067: 13063: 13058: 13057:10.1.1.460.20 13053: 13049: 13045: 13038: 13023: 13019: 13013: 13005: 13001: 12997: 12993: 12986: 12971: 12967: 12961: 12959: 12950: 12946: 12941: 12936: 12932: 12928: 12924: 12920: 12916: 12909: 12901: 12897: 12893: 12889: 12886:(1): 99–111. 12885: 12881: 12874: 12866: 12862: 12858: 12854: 12850: 12846: 12842: 12838: 12831: 12824: 12819: 12815: 12810: 12805: 12801: 12797: 12793: 12791:9780128155615 12787: 12783: 12779: 12775: 12768: 12753: 12747: 12743: 12739: 12732: 12724: 12720: 12716: 12712: 12708: 12704: 12700: 12696: 12689: 12681: 12677: 12673: 12669: 12665: 12661: 12654: 12652: 12643: 12639: 12634: 12629: 12625: 12621: 12617: 12613: 12609: 12602: 12594: 12590: 12585: 12580: 12576: 12572: 12568: 12561: 12553: 12547: 12543: 12536: 12528: 12524: 12519: 12514: 12510: 12506: 12502: 12495: 12488: 12477: 12475:9780973827521 12471: 12467: 12466: 12461: 12455: 12447: 12443: 12438: 12433: 12429: 12425: 12421: 12417: 12413: 12406: 12404: 12402: 12393: 12389: 12384: 12379: 12374: 12369: 12365: 12361: 12357: 12350: 12342: 12338: 12334: 12330: 12326: 12322: 12318: 12314: 12307: 12305: 12296: 12292: 12287: 12282: 12277: 12272: 12268: 12264: 12260: 12253: 12245: 12241: 12237: 12233: 12229: 12225: 12221: 12217: 12210: 12203: 12201: 12192: 12188: 12183: 12178: 12174: 12170: 12166: 12162: 12158: 12151: 12143: 12139: 12134: 12129: 12125: 12121: 12117: 12113: 12109: 12102: 12094: 12090: 12086: 12082: 12075: 12067: 12063: 12059: 12055: 12051: 12047: 12043: 12039: 12032: 12021: 12017: 12013: 12009: 12005: 12001: 11997: 11993: 11989: 11982: 11975: 11967: 11963: 11959: 11955: 11951: 11947: 11943: 11939: 11935: 11928: 11920: 11916: 11911: 11906: 11902: 11898: 11894: 11890: 11886: 11879: 11871: 11867: 11863: 11859: 11855: 11851: 11847: 11843: 11836: 11828: 11824: 11819: 11814: 11810: 11806: 11802: 11798: 11794: 11787: 11779: 11775: 11770: 11765: 11761: 11757: 11753: 11749: 11745: 11738: 11736: 11727: 11723: 11719: 11715: 11711: 11707: 11703: 11699: 11692: 11690: 11681: 11677: 11672: 11667: 11663: 11659: 11655: 11651: 11647: 11640: 11632: 11628: 11624: 11620: 11616: 11612: 11608: 11604: 11597: 11589: 11585: 11580: 11575: 11571: 11567: 11563: 11559: 11555: 11548: 11546: 11544: 11535: 11531: 11527: 11523: 11519: 11515: 11508: 11500: 11496: 11491: 11486: 11482: 11478: 11474: 11470: 11466: 11459: 11451: 11447: 11443: 11439: 11435: 11431: 11427: 11423: 11416: 11401: 11397: 11391: 11383: 11379: 11374: 11369: 11365: 11361: 11357: 11350: 11342: 11338: 11334: 11330: 11326: 11322: 11318: 11314: 11307: 11299: 11295: 11291: 11287: 11283: 11279: 11275: 11271: 11264: 11256: 11252: 11248: 11244: 11240: 11236: 11232: 11228: 11221: 11213: 11209: 11205: 11201: 11197: 11193: 11189: 11185: 11178: 11170: 11166: 11161: 11156: 11151: 11146: 11142: 11138: 11134: 11127: 11119: 11115: 11110: 11105: 11101: 11097: 11093: 11089: 11085: 11078: 11070: 11066: 11061: 11056: 11052: 11048: 11044: 11037: 11029: 11025: 11020: 11015: 11011: 11007: 11003: 10999: 10995: 10988: 10980: 10976: 10971: 10966: 10962: 10958: 10954: 10950: 10946: 10939: 10931: 10927: 10922: 10917: 10913: 10909: 10905: 10901: 10897: 10890: 10882: 10878: 10873: 10868: 10863: 10858: 10854: 10850: 10846: 10839: 10831: 10825: 10821: 10820: 10812: 10804: 10798: 10794: 10793: 10785: 10777: 10771: 10767: 10766: 10758: 10750: 10744: 10740: 10739: 10731: 10723: 10717: 10713: 10712: 10704: 10696: 10690: 10686: 10685: 10677: 10669: 10663: 10659: 10658: 10650: 10648: 10639: 10633: 10629: 10628: 10620: 10618: 10616: 10607: 10601: 10597: 10596: 10588: 10586: 10584: 10575: 10571: 10567: 10563: 10559: 10555: 10551: 10547: 10540: 10532: 10528: 10523: 10518: 10514: 10510: 10506: 10502: 10498: 10491: 10483: 10479: 10475: 10471: 10467: 10463: 10459: 10455: 10448: 10440: 10436: 10432: 10428: 10424: 10420: 10416: 10412: 10404: 10396: 10392: 10388: 10384: 10380: 10376: 10372: 10368: 10361: 10353: 10349: 10344: 10339: 10335: 10331: 10327: 10323: 10319: 10312: 10304: 10300: 10295: 10290: 10286: 10282: 10278: 10274: 10270: 10263: 10252: 10248: 10244: 10240: 10236: 10232: 10228: 10224: 10220: 10213: 10206: 10197: 10193: 10188: 10183: 10178: 10173: 10169: 10165: 10161: 10154: 10146: 10142: 10136: 10121: 10115: 10111: 10107: 10100: 10085: 10079: 10075: 10074: 10066: 10058: 10054: 10049: 10044: 10040: 10036: 10032: 10028: 10024: 10017: 10009: 10005: 9998: 9990: 9986: 9981: 9976: 9972: 9968: 9964: 9960: 9956: 9949: 9947: 9938: 9934: 9929: 9924: 9920: 9914: 9910: 9906: 9902: 9895: 9887: 9883: 9878: 9873: 9869: 9865: 9861: 9857: 9853: 9846: 9838: 9834: 9829: 9824: 9820: 9816: 9812: 9808: 9804: 9797: 9789: 9785: 9780: 9775: 9770: 9765: 9761: 9757: 9753: 9746: 9737: 9733: 9728: 9723: 9719: 9715: 9711: 9707: 9703: 9696: 9688: 9684: 9680: 9676: 9672: 9668: 9664: 9660: 9653: 9645: 9641: 9637: 9633: 9629: 9625: 9621: 9617: 9610: 9602: 9598: 9593: 9588: 9584: 9580: 9576: 9572: 9568: 9561: 9553: 9549: 9544: 9539: 9534: 9529: 9525: 9521: 9517: 9510: 9502: 9498: 9494: 9490: 9486: 9482: 9478: 9474: 9467: 9452:on 7 May 2007 9451: 9447: 9441: 9433: 9429: 9424: 9419: 9415: 9414:10.1038/37352 9411: 9407: 9403: 9399: 9395: 9391: 9384: 9369: 9365: 9358: 9343: 9337: 9333: 9332: 9324: 9316: 9312: 9308: 9304: 9300: 9296: 9288: 9280: 9276: 9271: 9266: 9261: 9256: 9252: 9248: 9244: 9237: 9229: 9225: 9220: 9215: 9211: 9207: 9203: 9196: 9188: 9184: 9180: 9176: 9172: 9168: 9160: 9152: 9148: 9143: 9138: 9134: 9130: 9126: 9122: 9118: 9111: 9103: 9099: 9095: 9091: 9087: 9083: 9079: 9075: 9068: 9060: 9054: 9050: 9049: 9041: 9033: 9029: 9025: 9023:0-585-15807-X 9019: 9015: 9014: 9006: 9004: 8995: 8991: 8987: 8983: 8979: 8975: 8971: 8967: 8960: 8958: 8949: 8945: 8940: 8935: 8931: 8927: 8923: 8919: 8912: 8904: 8900: 8895: 8890: 8886: 8882: 8878: 8874: 8870: 8863: 8855: 8851: 8847: 8843: 8836: 8828: 8824: 8820: 8814: 8810: 8809: 8801: 8793: 8789: 8785: 8781: 8777: 8773: 8769: 8765: 8758: 8750: 8746: 8741: 8736: 8732: 8728: 8724: 8717: 8709: 8705: 8701: 8697: 8693: 8689: 8682: 8674: 8670: 8666: 8662: 8655: 8648: 8643: 8639: 8635: 8631: 8624: 8617: 8612: 8606: 8602: 8601: 8593: 8586: 8582: 8576: 8572: 8571: 8563: 8561: 8559: 8554: 8545: 8542: 8540: 8537: 8535: 8532: 8531: 8525: 8521: 8518: 8514: 8510: 8506: 8496: 8494: 8486: 8482: 8481:mycoestrogens 8478: 8475: 8471: 8467: 8463: 8459: 8455: 8452: 8448: 8444: 8440: 8439: 8438: 8436: 8435:xenoestrogens 8432: 8422: 8420: 8419: 8413: 8403: 8399: 8384: 8382: 8381:Ancient Greek 8377: 8375: 8371: 8367: 8363: 8359: 8355: 8351: 8347: 8342: 8338: 8332: 8328: 8324: 8314: 8312: 8309:hormones are 8308: 8305:The estrogen 8302: 8292: 8290: 8286: 8282: 8278: 8274: 8268: 8258: 8256: 8252: 8248: 8244: 8240: 8236: 8232: 8222: 8210: 8206: 8202: 8198: 8194: 8190: 8186: 8182: 8178: 8174: 8170: 8166: 8162: 8158: 8154: 8133: 8121: 8118: 8113: 8104: 8095: 8088: 8085: 8080: 8071: 8064: 8061: 8056: 8050: 8041: 8032: 8023: 8016: 8013: 8008: 8007:16-Epiestriol 8001: 8000: 7992: 7991:17-Epiestriol 7987: 7982: 7975: 7968: 7963: 7958: 7951: 7950: 7942: 7937: 7932: 7925: 7918: 7917: 7896: 7891: 7889: 7884: 7882: 7877: 7876: 7871: 7870: 7866: 7864: 7860: 7856: 7852: 7848: 7844: 7840: 7836: 7832: 7828: 7824: 7820: 7817: 7813: 7812:hydroxylation 7809: 7803: 7799: 7789: 7787: 7783: 7779: 7762:See template. 7761: 7756: 7752: 7747: 7742: 7741:concentration 7738: 7728: 7724: 7722:19–45 nmol/L 7721: 7718: 7715: 7712: 7710:Luteal phase 7709: 7708: 7704: 7702:0.3–3 nmol/L 7701: 7698: 7695: 7692: 7689: 7687: 7683: 7679: 7676: 7673: 7670: 7667: 7665:Luteal phase 7664: 7663: 7659: 7656: 7653: 7650: 7647: 7644: 7642: 7638: 7634: 7631: 7628: 7625: 7622: 7619: 7618: 7614: 7611: 7608: 7605: 7602: 7600:Luteal phase 7599: 7598: 7594: 7591: 7588: 7585: 7582: 7579: 7577: 7573: 7569: 7566: 7563: 7560: 7557: 7554: 7553: 7550:80–180 pg/mL 7549: 7546: 7543: 7540: 7537: 7535:Luteal phase 7534: 7533: 7530:30–110 pg/mL 7529: 7526: 7523: 7520: 7517: 7514: 7512: 7508: 7504: 7501: 7498: 7495: 7492: 7487: 7485: 7482: 7481: 7478:89–350 ng/dL 7477: 7474: 7471: 7468: 7465: 7460: 7458: 7455: 7451: 7447: 7444: 7441: 7438: 7435: 7430: 7428: 7425: 7424: 7420: 7417: 7414: 7411: 7408: 7403: 7401: 7398: 7397: 7393: 7390: 7387: 7384: 7381: 7376: 7374: 7371: 7370: 7366: 7363: 7360: 7357: 7354: 7349: 7347: 7344: 7343: 7340:80–210 ng/dL 7339: 7336: 7333: 7330: 7327: 7322: 7320: 7317: 7313: 7305: 7299: 7298: 7267: 7260: 7255: 7253: 7248: 7246: 7241: 7240: 7236: 7234: 7233:Sertoli cells 7229: 7227: 7223: 7219: 7214: 7212: 7208: 7204: 7199: 7195: 7191: 7187: 7183: 7182:theca interna 7178: 7176: 7172: 7168: 7164: 7160: 7156: 7152: 7148: 7144: 7143:corpora lutea 7140: 7136: 7132: 7128: 7124: 7116: 7112: 7102: 7092: 7090: 7085: 7083: 7079: 7075: 7071: 7067: 7066:breast cancer 7063: 7053: 7051: 7047: 7043: 7039: 7035: 7031: 7027: 7022: 7017: 7015: 7011: 7007: 7003: 6999: 6995: 6991: 6987: 6983: 6979: 6975: 6971: 6967: 6963: 6959: 6955: 6951: 6947: 6946:immune system 6940:Immune system 6933: 6928: 6924: 6908: 6907: 6891: 6890: 6874: 6873: 6855: 6854: 6838: 6837: 6821: 6820: 6804: 6803: 6787: 6786: 6777: 6776: 6760: 6759: 6753:English data 6744: 6743: 6738: 6734: 6731: 6728: 6725: 6722: 6719: 6716: 6713: 6710: 6709: 6705: 6702: 6699: 6696: 6693: 6690: 6687: 6684: 6681: 6680: 6676: 6673: 6670: 6667: 6664: 6661: 6658: 6655: 6652: 6651: 6642: 6639: 6636: 6633: 6630: 6627: 6624: 6623: 6619: 6616: 6613: 6610: 6607: 6604: 6601: 6598: 6595: 6594: 6590: 6587: 6584: 6581: 6578: 6575: 6572: 6569: 6566: 6565: 6561: 6558: 6555: 6552: 6549: 6546: 6543: 6540: 6537: 6536: 6532: 6529: 6526: 6523: 6520: 6517: 6514: 6511: 6508: 6507: 6503: 6500: 6497: 6494: 6491: 6488: 6485: 6482: 6479: 6478: 6474: 6471: 6468: 6465: 6462: 6459: 6456: 6453: 6450: 6449: 6443:English data 6434: 6433: 6428: 6421: 6416: 6414: 6409: 6407: 6402: 6401: 6397: 6395: 6392: 6388: 6384: 6380: 6369: 6367: 6363: 6359: 6355: 6351: 6347: 6337: 6328: 6325: 6322: 6318: 6316: 6312: 6308: 6304: 6299: 6297: 6293: 6283: 6275: 6273: 6269: 6264: 6261: 6257: 6253: 6248: 6246: 6242: 6238: 6237:postmenopause 6234: 6233:perimenopause 6230: 6226: 6222: 6221:mental health 6215:Mental health 6212: 6210: 6204: 6202: 6198: 6197:Verbal memory 6189: 6187: 6181: 6166: 6164: 6160: 6159:transcription 6156: 6152: 6142: 6140: 6136: 6133: 6129: 6125: 6121: 6117: 6107: 6105: 6101: 6097: 6095: 6091: 6087: 6083: 6079: 6075: 6074:breastfeeding 6071: 6067: 6063: 6059: 6055: 6049: 6039: 6037: 6036:axillary odor 6033: 6030:, as well as 6029: 6026: 6022: 6018: 6014: 6011:, and female 6010: 6006: 6002: 5998: 5983: 5979: 5975: 5972: 5969: 5965: 5961: 5957: 5953: 5952: 5951: 5948: 5943: 5939: 5935: 5931: 5930: 5929: 5926: 5921: 5917: 5913: 5912: 5910: 5907: 5902: 5898: 5896: 5892: 5889: 5885: 5882: 5878: 5876: 5872: 5871: 5869: 5864: 5860: 5859: 5858: 5857:Lung function 5855: 5854: 5848: 5844: 5840: 5839: 5838: 5835: 5830: 5826: 5824: 5820: 5816: 5815: 5813: 5808: 5804: 5802: 5798: 5794: 5793: 5792: 5789: 5784: 5780: 5776: 5773: 5769: 5765: 5761: 5758: 5754: 5751: 5747: 5745: 5741: 5737: 5733: 5729: 5726: 5722: 5721: 5720: 5717: 5712: 5708: 5706: 5702: 5698: 5697: 5695: 5692: 5687: 5686: 5684: 5679: 5675: 5672: 5669: 5665: 5661: 5657: 5654: 5652: 5648: 5645: 5644: 5642: 5637: 5634: 5630: 5627: 5623: 5619: 5615: 5611: 5607: 5603: 5599: 5595: 5591: 5587: 5584: 5583: 5581: 5580: 5573: 5564:is available. 5563: 5559: 5553: 5552: 5548: 5543:This section 5541: 5532: 5531: 5518: 5514: 5510: 5506: 5502: 5494: 5493:osmotic pumps 5491: 5487: 5483: 5480: 5476: 5472: 5461: 5457: 5453: 5450: 5447: 5444: 5441: 5439: 5436: 5435: 5431: 5428: 5425: 5422: 5419: 5417: 5414: 5413: 5409: 5406: 5403: 5400: 5397: 5395: 5392: 5391: 5387: 5384: 5381: 5378: 5375: 5373: 5370: 5369: 5365: 5362: 5359: 5356: 5353: 5351: 5348: 5347: 5343: 5340: 5337: 5334: 5331: 5329: 5326: 5325: 5321: 5318: 5315: 5312: 5309: 5307: 5304: 5303: 5299: 5296: 5293: 5290: 5287: 5285: 5282: 5281: 5277: 5274: 5271: 5268: 5265: 5263: 5260: 5259: 5255: 5252: 5249: 5246: 5243: 5241: 5238: 5237: 5233: 5230: 5227: 5224: 5221: 5219: 5216: 5215: 5211: 5208: 5205: 5202: 5199: 5197: 5194: 5193: 5189: 5186: 5183: 5180: 5177: 5175: 5174:17α-Estradiol 5172: 5171: 5167: 5164: 5161: 5158: 5155: 5153: 5152:Estetrol (E4) 5150: 5149: 5145: 5142: 5139: 5136: 5133: 5131: 5128: 5127: 5123: 5120: 5117: 5114: 5111: 5109: 5106: 5105: 5101: 5098: 5095: 5092: 5089: 5087: 5084: 5083: 5079: 5076: 5073: 5070: 5067: 5064: 5063: 5056: 5048: 5043: 5037: 5032: 5030: 5027: 5024: 5021: 5015: 5007: 5002: 5000: 4997: 4996: 4989: 4984: 4982: 4977: 4975: 4970: 4969: 4960: 4956: 4952: 4948: 4944: 4940: 4937: 4933: 4929: 4925: 4921: 4918: 4914: 4910: 4907: 4899: 4894: 4891:are variably 4890: 4886: 4883: 4880: 4876: 4872: 4869: 4865: 4864: 4859: 4855: 4851: 4847: 4844: 4841: 4838: 4836: 4833: 4832: 4828: 4825: 4822: 4819: 4817: 4814: 4813: 4809: 4806: 4803: 4800: 4798: 4795: 4794: 4790: 4787: 4784: 4781: 4779: 4776: 4775: 4771: 4768: 4765: 4762: 4760: 4757: 4756: 4752: 4749: 4746: 4743: 4741: 4738: 4737: 4733: 4730: 4727: 4724: 4722: 4719: 4718: 4714: 4711: 4708: 4705: 4703: 4700: 4699: 4695: 4692: 4689: 4686: 4684: 4681: 4680: 4676: 4673: 4670: 4667: 4665: 4662: 4661: 4657: 4654: 4651: 4648: 4646: 4643: 4642: 4638: 4635: 4632: 4629: 4627: 4624: 4623: 4619: 4616: 4613: 4610: 4608: 4605: 4604: 4600: 4597: 4594: 4591: 4589: 4586: 4585: 4581: 4578: 4575: 4572: 4570: 4567: 4566: 4562: 4559: 4556: 4553: 4551: 4548: 4547: 4543: 4540: 4537: 4534: 4532: 4529: 4528: 4524: 4521: 4518: 4515: 4513: 4510: 4509: 4506: 4503: 4501: 4498: 4496: 4493: 4492: 4488: 4477: 4472: 4467: 4463: 4456: 4451: 4449: 4444: 4442: 4437: 4436: 4427: 4420: 4414: 4407: 4401: 4394: 4388: 4381: 4375: 4374:dexamethasone 4368: 4362: 4355: 4349: 4342: 4336: 4332: 4328: 4324: 4320: 4317: 4314: 4311: 4308: 4305: 4302: 4300: 4297: 4296: 4292: 4289: 4286: 4283: 4280: 4277: 4274: 4272: 4269: 4268: 4264: 4261: 4258: 4255: 4252: 4249: 4246: 4244: 4241: 4240: 4236: 4233: 4230: 4227: 4224: 4221: 4218: 4216: 4213: 4212: 4208: 4205: 4202: 4199: 4196: 4193: 4190: 4188: 4185: 4184: 4180: 4177: 4174: 4171: 4168: 4165: 4162: 4160: 4157: 4156: 4152: 4149: 4146: 4143: 4140: 4137: 4134: 4132: 4129: 4128: 4124: 4121: 4118: 4115: 4112: 4109: 4106: 4104: 4101: 4100: 4096: 4093: 4090: 4087: 4084: 4081: 4078: 4076: 4073: 4072: 4068: 4065: 4062: 4059: 4056: 4053: 4050: 4048: 4045: 4044: 4040: 4037: 4034: 4031: 4028: 4025: 4022: 4020: 4017: 4016: 4012: 4009: 4006: 4003: 4000: 3997: 3994: 3992: 3989: 3988: 3984: 3981: 3978: 3975: 3972: 3969: 3966: 3964: 3961: 3960: 3956: 3953: 3950: 3947: 3944: 3941: 3938: 3936: 3933: 3932: 3926: 3921: 3916: 3911: 3906: 3901: 3896: 3891: 3886: 3881: 3876: 3871: 3866: 3861: 3860: 3856: 3851: 3847: 3840: 3835: 3833: 3828: 3826: 3821: 3820: 3811: 3807: 3803: 3799: 3796:systems with 3795: 3794: 3788: 3784: 3780: 3776: 3773: 3770: 3767: 3764: 3761: 3759: 3756: 3755: 3751: 3748: 3745: 3742: 3739: 3736: 3734: 3731: 3730: 3726: 3723: 3720: 3718:0.027–<0.1 3717: 3715:0.069–<0.1 3714: 3711: 3709: 3706: 3705: 3701: 3698: 3695: 3692: 3689: 3686: 3684: 3681: 3680: 3676: 3673: 3670: 3667: 3664: 3661: 3659: 3658:Norethynodrel 3656: 3655: 3651: 3648: 3645: 3642: 3639: 3636: 3634: 3631: 3630: 3626: 3623: 3620: 3617: 3615:<0.001–0.6 3614: 3611: 3609: 3606: 3605: 3601: 3598: 3595: 3592: 3589: 3586: 3584: 3581: 3580: 3576: 3573: 3570: 3567: 3564: 3561: 3559: 3556: 3555: 3551: 3548: 3545: 3542: 3539: 3536: 3534: 3531: 3530: 3526: 3523: 3520: 3517: 3514: 3511: 3509: 3506: 3505: 3501: 3498: 3495: 3492: 3489: 3486: 3484: 3481: 3480: 3476: 3473: 3470: 3467: 3464: 3461: 3459: 3456: 3455: 3451: 3448: 3445: 3442: 3439: 3436: 3434: 3431: 3430: 3426: 3423: 3420: 3417: 3414: 3411: 3409: 3406: 3405: 3401: 3398: 3395: 3392: 3389: 3386: 3384: 3381: 3380: 3376: 3373: 3370: 3367: 3364: 3361: 3359: 3356: 3355: 3351: 3348: 3345: 3342: 3339: 3336: 3334: 3331: 3330: 3326: 3323: 3320: 3317: 3314: 3311: 3309: 3306: 3305: 3301: 3298: 3295: 3292: 3289: 3286: 3284: 3281: 3280: 3276: 3273: 3270: 3267: 3264: 3261: 3259: 3256: 3255: 3252:Xenoestrogen 3251: 3248: 3245: 3242: 3239: 3236: 3232: 3230: 3227: 3226: 3223:Xenoestrogen 3222: 3219: 3216: 3213: 3210: 3207: 3204: 3202: 3199: 3198: 3195:Xenoestrogen 3194: 3191: 3188: 3185: 3182: 3179: 3177: 3175: 3171: 3170: 3167:Xenoestrogen 3166: 3163: 3160: 3157: 3154: 3151: 3149: 3147: 3143: 3142: 3139:Xenoestrogen 3138: 3135: 3132: 3129: 3126: 3123: 3121: 3118: 3117: 3114:Xenoestrogen 3113: 3110: 3107: 3104: 3101: 3098: 3096: 3093: 3092: 3089:Xenoestrogen 3088: 3085: 3082: 3079: 3076: 3073: 3071: 3068: 3067: 3064:Xenoestrogen 3063: 3060: 3057: 3054: 3051: 3048: 3046: 3043: 3042: 3039:Xenoestrogen 3038: 3035: 3032: 3029: 3026: 3023: 3021: 3018: 3017: 3014:Xenoestrogen 3013: 3010: 3007: 3004: 3002:16 (13–17.8) 3001: 2998: 2996: 2993: 2992: 2989:Xenoestrogen 2988: 2985: 2982: 2979: 2976: 2973: 2971: 2968: 2967: 2964:Xenoestrogen 2963: 2960: 2957: 2954: 2951: 2948: 2946: 2943: 2942: 2939:Xenoestrogen 2938: 2935: 2932: 2929: 2927:48 (13–52.5) 2926: 2923: 2921: 2918: 2917: 2914:Xenoestrogen 2913: 2910: 2907: 2904: 2901: 2898: 2896: 2893: 2892: 2889:Xenoestrogen 2888: 2885: 2882: 2879: 2876: 2873: 2871: 2868: 2867: 2864:Xenoestrogen 2863: 2860: 2857: 2854: 2851: 2848: 2846: 2843: 2842: 2839:Xenoestrogen 2838: 2835: 2832: 2829: 2826: 2823: 2821: 2818: 2817: 2814:Xenoestrogen 2813: 2810: 2807: 2804: 2801: 2798: 2796: 2793: 2792: 2789:Xenoestrogen 2788: 2785: 2782: 2779: 2776: 2773: 2771: 2768: 2767: 2764:Xenoestrogen 2763: 2760: 2757: 2754: 2751: 2748: 2746: 2743: 2742: 2739:Xenoestrogen 2738: 2735: 2732: 2729: 2726: 2723: 2721: 2718: 2717: 2714:Xenoestrogen 2713: 2710: 2707: 2704: 2701: 2698: 2696: 2693: 2692: 2689:Xenoestrogen 2688: 2685: 2682: 2679: 2676: 2673: 2671: 2668: 2667: 2664:Xenoestrogen 2663: 2660: 2657: 2654: 2651: 2648: 2646: 2643: 2642: 2639:Xenoestrogen 2638: 2635: 2632: 2629: 2626: 2623: 2621: 2618: 2617: 2614:Xenoestrogen 2613: 2610: 2607: 2604: 2601: 2598: 2596: 2593: 2592: 2589:Xenoestrogen 2588: 2585: 2582: 2579: 2576: 2573: 2571: 2568: 2567: 2563: 2560: 2557: 2554: 2551: 2548: 2546: 2543: 2542: 2538: 2535: 2532: 2529: 2526: 2523: 2521: 2518: 2517: 2513: 2510: 2507: 2504: 2501: 2498: 2496: 2493: 2492: 2488: 2485: 2482: 2479: 2476: 2473: 2471: 2468: 2467: 2463: 2460: 2457: 2454: 2451: 2448: 2446: 2443: 2442: 2438: 2435: 2432: 2429: 2426: 2423: 2421: 2418: 2417: 2413: 2410: 2407: 2404: 2401: 2398: 2396: 2393: 2392: 2388: 2385: 2382: 2379: 2376: 2373: 2371: 2368: 2367: 2363: 2360: 2357: 2354: 2351: 2348: 2346: 2343: 2342: 2338: 2335: 2332: 2329: 2326: 2323: 2321: 2318: 2317: 2314:Antiestrogen 2313: 2310: 2307: 2304: 2301: 2298: 2296: 2293: 2292: 2289:Antiestrogen 2288: 2285: 2282: 2279: 2276: 2273: 2271: 2268: 2267: 2263: 2260: 2257: 2254: 2251: 2248: 2246: 2243: 2242: 2238: 2235: 2232: 2229: 2226: 2223: 2221: 2218: 2217: 2213: 2210: 2207: 2204: 2201: 2198: 2196: 2193: 2192: 2188: 2185: 2182: 2179: 2176: 2173: 2171: 2168: 2167: 2163: 2160: 2157: 2154: 2151: 2148: 2146: 2143: 2142: 2138: 2135: 2132: 2129: 2126: 2123: 2121: 2118: 2117: 2113: 2110: 2107: 2104: 2101: 2098: 2096: 2093: 2092: 2088: 2085: 2082: 2079: 2076: 2073: 2071: 2068: 2067: 2063: 2060: 2057: 2054: 2051: 2048: 2046: 2043: 2042: 2038: 2035: 2032: 2029: 2026: 2023: 2021: 2018: 2017: 2013: 2010: 2007: 2004: 2001: 1998: 1996: 1993: 1992: 1988: 1985: 1982: 1979: 1976: 1973: 1971: 1968: 1967: 1963: 1960: 1957: 1954: 1951: 1948: 1946: 1943: 1942: 1938: 1935: 1932: 1929: 1926: 1923: 1921: 1918: 1917: 1913: 1910: 1907: 1904: 1901: 1898: 1896: 1893: 1892: 1888: 1885: 1882: 1879: 1876: 1873: 1871: 1868: 1867: 1863: 1860: 1857: 1854: 1851: 1848: 1846: 1843: 1842: 1838: 1835: 1832: 1829: 1826: 1823: 1821: 1818: 1817: 1813: 1810: 1807: 1804: 1801: 1798: 1796: 1793: 1792: 1788: 1785: 1782: 1779: 1776: 1773: 1771: 1768: 1767: 1763: 1760: 1757: 1754: 1751: 1748: 1746: 1743: 1742: 1738: 1735: 1732: 1729: 1726: 1723: 1721: 1718: 1717: 1713: 1710: 1707: 1704: 1701: 1698: 1696: 1693: 1692: 1688: 1685: 1682: 1679: 1676: 1673: 1671: 1668: 1667: 1663: 1660: 1657: 1654: 1651: 1648: 1646: 1643: 1642: 1638: 1635: 1632: 1629: 1626: 1623: 1621: 1618: 1617: 1613: 1610: 1607: 1604: 1601: 1598: 1596: 1593: 1592: 1588: 1585: 1582: 1579: 1576: 1573: 1571: 1568: 1567: 1563: 1560: 1557: 1554: 1551: 1548: 1546: 1543: 1542: 1538: 1535: 1532: 1529: 1527:18.6 (18–41) 1526: 1523: 1521: 1518: 1517: 1513: 1510: 1507: 1504: 1501: 1498: 1496: 1493: 1492: 1488: 1485: 1482: 1479: 1476: 1473: 1471: 1468: 1467: 1463: 1460: 1457: 1454: 1451: 1448: 1446: 1443: 1442: 1438: 1435: 1432: 1429: 1426: 1423: 1421: 1419: 1415: 1414: 1410: 1407: 1404: 1401: 1398: 1395: 1393: 1390: 1389: 1385: 1382: 1379: 1376: 1373: 1370: 1368: 1365: 1364: 1360: 1357: 1354: 1351: 1348: 1345: 1343: 1340: 1339: 1335: 1332: 1329: 1326: 1323: 1320: 1318: 1315: 1314: 1310: 1307: 1304: 1301: 1298: 1295: 1293: 1290: 1289: 1285: 1282: 1279: 1276: 1273: 1270: 1268: 1265: 1264: 1260: 1257: 1254: 1251: 1248: 1245: 1243: 1240: 1239: 1235: 1232: 1229: 1226: 1223: 1220: 1218: 1215: 1214: 1210: 1207: 1204: 1201: 1198: 1195: 1193: 1190: 1189: 1185: 1182: 1179: 1176: 1173: 1170: 1168: 1165: 1164: 1160: 1157: 1154: 1151: 1148: 1145: 1143: 1140: 1139: 1135: 1132: 1129: 1126: 1123: 1120: 1118: 1115: 1114: 1110: 1107: 1104: 1101: 1098: 1095: 1093: 1090: 1089: 1085: 1082: 1079: 1076: 1073: 1070: 1068: 1065: 1064: 1060: 1057: 1054: 1051: 1048: 1045: 1043: 1040: 1039: 1035: 1032: 1029: 1026: 1023: 1020: 1018: 1015: 1014: 1010: 1007: 1004: 1001: 998: 995: 993: 990: 989: 985: 982: 979: 976: 973: 970: 968: 965: 964: 960: 957: 954: 951: 948: 945: 943: 940: 939: 935: 932: 929: 926: 923: 920: 918: 915: 914: 910: 907: 904: 901: 898: 895: 893: 890: 889: 885: 882: 879: 876: 873: 870: 868: 867:17-Epiestriol 865: 864: 860: 857: 854: 851: 848: 845: 843: 842:16-Epiestriol 840: 839: 835: 832: 829: 827:8.195 (2–42) 826: 823: 821:17α-Estradiol 820: 818: 815: 814: 810: 807: 804: 801: 798: 795: 793: 790: 789: 785: 782: 779: 776: 773: 770: 768: 765: 764: 760: 757: 754: 751: 748: 745: 743: 740: 739: 735: 732: 729: 726: 723: 720: 718: 715: 714: 711: 708: 706: 703: 701: 698: 696: 693: 692: 681: 676:(RBA, %) 675: 667: 663: 654: 649: 647: 642: 640: 635: 634: 630: 628: 624: 620: 616: 612: 608: 604: 600: 596: 591: 588: 584: 580: 573: 569: 565: 556: 554: 551:, as well as 550: 546: 542: 538: 535: 531: 527: 523: 519: 515: 511: 507: 503: 499: 495: 491: 486: 484: 481: 477: 473: 469: 465: 461: 457: 453: 449: 445: 441: 437: 433: 419: 415: 397: 389: 381: 373: 353: 348: 346: 341: 339: 334: 333: 328: 327: 318: 316: 315:xenoestrogens 311: 309: 305: 301: 297: 293: 289: 285: 280: 278: 274: 270: 266: 262: 258: 254: 253:cell membrane 250: 246: 241: 239: 234: 232: 228: 224: 220: 216: 212: 208: 204: 200: 196: 191: 186: 182: 174: 170: 165: 161: 157: 155: 151: 146: 142: 138: 134: 130: 126: 123: 121: 117: 114: 111: 109: 105: 101: 100:breast cancer 97: 93: 89: 85: 81: 80:Contraception 78: 74: 69: 64: 59: 54: 51: 50: 45: 40: 37: 33: 19: 19069:Sex hormones 19019:Hepatotoxins 18669: 18659: 18583:Mepitiostane 18531:Epitiostanol 18400:Ormeloxifene 18325:Lasofoxifene 18235:Camizestrant 18230:Broparestrol 18220:Bazedoxifene 18142:rotundifuran 18091:alkylphenols 18041:β-zearalenol 18037:α-zearalenol 18023:stigmasterol 18015:β-sitosterol 18011:Phytosterols 17979:triclocarban 17975:methoxychlor 17928: 17910:Lavender oil 17904:tectorigenin 17836:formononetin 17710: 17685: 17556: 17548: 17348: 17332:Quinestradol 17322:Promestriene 17297:Noretynodrel 17161:Estromustine 17114:Estramustine 17049: 16956:testosterone 16693: 16546: 16531: 16491:Progestogens 16394:testosterone 16354: 16339: 16333:Testolactone 16324: 16303: 16288: 16262:Ormeloxifene 16257:Mepitiostane 16252:Lasofoxifene 16247:Epitiostanol 16227:Broparestrol 16222:Bazedoxifene 16110:bicalutamide 15976: 15965:Quinestradol 15960:Promestriene 15754:noretynodrel 15735:metandienone 15723:testosterone 15705: 15610: 15582: 15562:Androsterone 15557:Androstenone 15530: 15519:DHEA sulfate 15509:Androsterone 15471:Androstanes: 15470: 15454:Progesterone 15444:Pregnenolone 15439:Pregnanolone 15375: 15361: 15357:Cholestanes: 15356: 15325:Pregnanediol 15317:Metabolites: 15316: 15275:Progesterone 15267:Progestogens 15175:Metabolites: 15174: 15153:DHEA sulfate 15119: 15014: 15006: 14909:Metabolites: 14908: 14902:Testosterone 14867:DHEA sulfate 14852:Androsterone 14800:Sex steroids 14710:Metabolites: 14709: 14703:Progesterone 14698:Pregnenolone 14586:Pregnenolone 14578: 14569: 14251:Thymopoietin 14187:Pineal gland 14172:Somatostatin 14135:Progesterone 14129: 14082:Progesterone 14049:Testosterone 14032:Gonadal axis 14004:Thyroid axis 13901:Adrenal axis 13756:Hypothalamus 13384: 13311: 13291:. Retrieved 13287:the original 13282: 13257:. Retrieved 13251: 13241: 13206: 13202: 13192: 13157: 13153: 13143: 13131:. Retrieved 13127: 13117: 13095:(1): 51–60. 13092: 13088: 13082: 13047: 13043: 13037: 13025:. Retrieved 13012: 12995: 12991: 12985: 12973:. Retrieved 12970:Bioetymology 12969: 12922: 12919:EMBO Reports 12918: 12908: 12883: 12879: 12873: 12840: 12836: 12830: 12821: 12773: 12767: 12755:. Retrieved 12741: 12731: 12698: 12694: 12688: 12663: 12659: 12615: 12611: 12601: 12574: 12570: 12560: 12541: 12535: 12508: 12504: 12494: 12486: 12479:. Retrieved 12464: 12454: 12422:(2): 63–69. 12419: 12415: 12363: 12359: 12349: 12316: 12312: 12266: 12262: 12252: 12219: 12215: 12164: 12160: 12150: 12115: 12111: 12101: 12084: 12080: 12074: 12041: 12037: 12031: 12020:the original 11991: 11987: 11974: 11941: 11937: 11927: 11895:(1): 61–72. 11892: 11888: 11878: 11848:(1): 51–60. 11845: 11841: 11835: 11800: 11796: 11786: 11751: 11747: 11701: 11697: 11653: 11649: 11639: 11606: 11602: 11596: 11561: 11557: 11517: 11513: 11507: 11472: 11468: 11458: 11425: 11421: 11415: 11403:. 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Retrieved 9450:the original 9440: 9397: 9393: 9383: 9371:. Retrieved 9368:Science News 9367: 9357: 9345:. Retrieved 9330: 9323: 9298: 9294: 9287: 9250: 9246: 9236: 9209: 9205: 9195: 9170: 9166: 9159: 9127:(1): 15–25. 9124: 9120: 9110: 9077: 9073: 9067: 9047: 9040: 9012: 8969: 8965: 8921: 8911: 8876: 8872: 8862: 8845: 8841: 8835: 8807: 8800: 8767: 8763: 8757: 8730: 8726: 8716: 8691: 8687: 8681: 8664: 8660: 8654: 8645: 8633: 8623: 8614: 8599: 8592: 8584: 8569: 8522: 8502: 8490: 8428: 8416: 8397: 8395: 8378: 8334: 8304: 8275:, mainly in 8270: 8228: 8220: 8208: 8153:Description: 8152: 8138:unidentified 8124:unidentified 8119: 8116: 8086: 8083: 8062: 8059: 8014: 8011: 7997: 7985: 7961: 7947: 7935: 7914: 7805: 7775: 7772:Distribution 7759: 7754: 7750: 7745: 7740: 7736: 7686:Progesterone 7635:10–38 pg/mL 7595:10–98 pg/mL 7505:20–81 ng/dL 7484:Testosterone 7421:10–57 pg/mL 7394:10–70 pg/mL 7346:Testosterone 7275:Reproductive 7272:Sex hormone 7230: 7224:just before 7215: 7179: 7120: 7106:Biosynthesis 7095:Biochemistry 7086: 7059: 7018: 6943: 6931: 6926: 6761:Time period 6756:Danish data 6451:Time period 6446:Danish data 6375: 6362:osteoporosis 6343: 6334: 6326: 6323: 6319: 6315:luteal phase 6307:progesterone 6300: 6292:binge eating 6289: 6286:Binge eating 6281: 6265: 6256:Hypothalamic 6249: 6218: 6205: 6195: 6183: 6148: 6132:gonadotropin 6113: 6098: 6094:progesterone 6051: 6003:, including 5994: 5968:hypothalamus 5916:progesterone 5899:Thicken the 5801:triglyceride 5759:adhesiveness 5750:antithrombin 5668:visceral fat 5658:: increased 5622:menstruation 5594:bone density 5588:: Increases 5570:October 2019 5567: 5562:Editing help 5544: 5516: 5504: 5459: 5130:Estriol (E3) 5108:Estrone (E1) 4958: 4911:(β-gal) and 4905: 4861: 4853: 4470:Other names 4425: 4348:testosterone 4335:progesterone 4333:(100%) were 4326: 3982:<0.1–0.16 3809: 3791: 3782: 3777:Progestogen 3752:Progestogen 3727:Progestogen 3702:Progestogen 3677:Progestogen 3668:<0.1–0.22 3652:Progestogen 3627:Progestogen 3608:Progesterone 3296:221–>5000 3258:Testosterone 3234: 3205: 3201:Methoxychlor 3173: 3145: 2999:β-Zearalanol 2974:α-Zearalanol 2945:β-Zearalenol 2920:α-Zearalenol 2870:β-Sitosterol 2564:ERβ agonist 2539:ERβ agonist 2514:ERβ agonist 2489:ERβ agonist 2464:ERβ agonist 2439:ERβ agonist 2389:ERα agonist 2364:ERα agonist 2339:ERα agonist 2220:Bazedoxifene 2145:Ormeloxifene 2120:Lasofoxifene 1417: 592: 576: 487: 472:testosterone 429: 312: 306:people, and 281: 242: 235: 189: 180: 179: 167:Legal status 88:hypogonadism 47: 36: 18928:Zearalenone 18880:Antagonists 18856:Resveratrol 18821:Nonylphenol 18816:Niacinamide 18732:Bisphenol A 18722:Aldosterone 18551:Glyceollins 18499:Antagonists 18490:Zuclomifene 18485:Zindoxifene 18395:NNC 45-1506 18390:NNC 45-0781 18385:NNC 45-0320 18380:NNC 45-0095 18375:Nitromifene 18355:Miproxifene 18305:Fispemifene 18280:Enclomifene 18275:Droloxifene 18255:CN-55945-27 18200:Afimoxifene 18190:Acefluranol 18081:rhaponticin 18077:resveratrol 18073:Stilbenoids 18045:zearalenone 18033:zearalanone 18019:campesterol 17951:alternariol 17884:pinocembrin 17828:epicatechin 17800:biochanin A 17740:Chalconoids 17634:Terfluranol 17609:Quadrosilan 17481:Elacestrant 17382:Allenestrol 17257:Lynestrenol 17181:Estropipate 17151:Estrofurate 17002:Clomestrone 16982:Atrimustine 16932:Abiraterone 16886:alfatradiol 16580:from market 16477:antagonists 16464:leuprorelin 16443:haloperidol 16439:risperidone 16431:domperidone 16423:antagonists 16406:oxandrolone 16358:Anastrozole 16297:Fulvestrant 16292:Elacestrant 16242:Enclomifene 16185:antagonists 16130:leuprorelin 16073:Quadrosilan 15849:Climacteron 15768:Clomestrone 15709:Alfatradiol 15484:7-Keto-DHEA 15369:Cholesterol 15158:7-Keto-DHEA 14776:Aldosterone 14563:Cholesterol 14435:Osteocalcin 14412:Adiponectin 14239:Thymosin α1 14014:Parathyroid 13914:Aldosterone 13817:Vasopressin 13027:28 December 12837:Climacteric 12738:"The Ovary" 12612:BMB Reports 11190:(1): 6–19. 11004:: 105–115. 8972:(1): 1–25. 8634:StatPearls 8485:zearalenone 8445:as well as 8443:bisphenol A 8431:environment 8425:Environment 8273:medications 8261:Medical use 8245:, found in 8197:metabolites 8185:conjugation 7831:conjugation 7808:metabolized 7725:6–14 ng/mL 7719:2100 L/day 7699:2100 L/day 7696:1.7 mg/day 7668:180 μg/day 7648:100 μg/day 7609:1200 L/day 7606:240 μg/day 7603:250 μg/day 7589:1200 L/day 7570:6–60 pg/mL 7564:1610 L/day 7544:2200 L/day 7541:150 μg/day 7538:260 μg/day 7524:2200 L/day 7518:110 μg/day 7493:190 μg/day 7472:2000 L/day 7469:2.8 mg/day 7466:3.2 mg/day 7415:1600 L/day 7388:2050 L/day 7385:110 μg/day 7382:150 μg/day 7358:6.2 mg/day 7355:6.5 mg/day 7334:2200 L/day 7331:1.6 mg/day 7328:2.8 mg/day 7211:17,20-lyase 7190:cholesterol 7028:and act as 6998:macrophages 6994:eosinophils 6875:Postpartum 6788:Antepartum 6653:Postpartum 6509:Antepartum 6383:coagulation 6272:fluvoxamine 5881:endometrial 5772:Vasopressin 5744:plasminogen 5719:Coagulation 5678:homeostasis 5660:fat storage 5649:Accelerate 5590:muscle mass 5511:(i.e., not 5442:0.01 ± 0.00 5376:0.13 ± 0.04 5332:0.01 ± 0.00 5222:0.05 ± 0.04 5029:Uterotrophy 4535:E2S; E2-3S 4387:aldosterone 4131:Alfatradiol 3293:0.0059–0.17 3124:Chlordecone 3070:Bisphenol A 3045:Zearalanone 3020:Zearalenone 2895:Resveratrol 2795:Ipriflavone 2780:0.002–0.040 2670:Biochanin A 2499:WAY-202,196 2370:16α-Iodo-E2 2299:ICI-182,780 2295:Fulvestrant 2270:ICI-164,384 2149:Centchroman 1945:Afimoxifene 1927:3 (0.1–47) 1595:Δ-Estradiol 1424:1-Estradiol 1336:Metabolite 1311:Metabolite 1286:Metabolite 1261:Metabolite 1236:Metabolite 1211:Metabolite 1186:Metabolite 1161:Metabolite 1136:Metabolite 1111:Metabolite 1086:Metabolite 1061:Metabolite 1036:Metabolite 1011:Metabolite 986:Metabolite 961:Metabolite 936:Metabolite 911:Metabolite 886:Metabolite 861:Metabolite 836:Metabolite 817:Alfatradiol 670:Other names 615:endometrium 284:medications 251:across the 199:sex hormone 173:In Wikidata 18983:Categories 18871:Tectoridin 18851:Raloxifene 18826:Oleuropein 18673:Trilostane 18618:Prochloraz 18578:MDL-101906 18573:ICI-164384 18460:Trioxifene 18455:Toremifene 18425:Raloxifene 18410:Panomifene 18405:Ospemifene 18370:Nafoxidine 18260:Cyclofenil 18215:Arzoxifene 18195:Acolbifene 18127:phthalates 18095:bisphenols 18067:miroestrol 17971:methiocarb 17959:endosulfan 17947:Pesticides 17919:enterodiol 17900:tectoridin 17880:penduletin 17876:naringenin 17860:kaempferol 17776:Flavonoids 17770:psoralidin 17766:coumestrol 17762:Coumestans 17726:dianethole 17679:WAY-214156 17669:WAY-200070 17664:WAY-169916 17659:WAY-166818 17629:SKF-82,958 17594:Phenestrol 17574:Methestrol 17559:-Hexestrol 17551:-Butestrol 17432:Dienestrol 17412:Carbestrol 17397:Bifluranol 17392:Benzestrol 17337:Quinestrol 17287:Nilestriol 17129:Estrazinol 17062:Epimestrol 17052:-Estradiol 17034:Cyclotriol 16972:nandrolone 16947:Almestrone 16782:7-Oxo-DHEA 16694:Steroidal: 16666:modulators 16540:Gestrinone 16481:cetrorelix 16363:Exemestane 16348:Formestane 16307:Trilostane 16282:Toremifene 16272:Raloxifene 16267:Ospemifene 16237:Cyclofenil 16212:Acolbifene 15995:Dienestrol 15985:Bifluranol 15980:Benzestrol 15970:Quinestrol 15938:Nilestriol 15793:Epimestrol 15788:Epiestriol 15746:progestins 15706:Steroidal: 15599:Calcitriol 15532:Pheromones 15376:Pregnanes: 14555:Precursors 14544:Endogenous 14463:Calcitriol 14349:Peptide YY 13999:Calcitonin 13951:Adrenaline 13880:Lipotropin 13875:Endorphins 13293:24 October 12975:24 January 12757:12 October 12319:: 95–105. 11405:12 January 11396:"PMDD/PMS" 11053:: 87–100. 10125:12 October 10089:12 October 9965:: 101482. 9706:Physiology 9347:12 October 9253:(9): R66. 8630:"Estrogen" 8550:References 8503:Some hair 8474:miroestrol 8462:coumestrol 8321:See also: 8313:steroids. 8299:See also: 8287:and other 8243:conjugates 8167:and other 8161:metabolism 7796:See also: 7792:Metabolism 7716:24 mg/day 7713:25 mg/day 7674:146 L/day 7654:146 L/day 7629:910 L/day 7586:80 μg/day 7583:90 μg/day 7558:40 μg/day 7521:80 μg/day 7499:500 L/day 7496:60 μg/day 7442:167 L/day 7436:80 μg/day 7412:50 μg/day 7409:60 μg/day 7361:950 L/day 7173:, and the 7099:See also: 6958:infections 6278:Parenthood 6263:disorder. 6229:postpartum 6178:See also: 6151:DNA repair 6046:See also: 5879:Stimulate 5696:synthesis 5651:metabolism 5643:Metabolic 5513:endogenous 5505:Footnotes: 5041:levels (%) 4930:and human 4917:production 4893:hydrolyzed 4854:Footnotes: 4835:Quinestrol 4788:<0.001 4329:Reference 4159:Epiestriol 3783:Footnotes: 3708:Δ-Tibolone 3540:<0.0001 3343:0.019–0.07 3308:Nandrolone 3155:0.0073–0.4 3127:0.0069–0.2 3095:Endosulfan 2820:Miroestrol 2720:Naringenin 2695:Kaempferol 2570:Coumestrol 2470:Prinaberel 2195:Ospemifene 2124:CP-336,156 2099:LY-353,381 2095:Arzoxifene 2083:0.188–0.52 2070:Raloxifene 2045:Nafoxidine 2020:Cyclofenil 1970:Toremifene 1924:ICI-46,474 1795:Dienestrol 1430:9.44–80.07 1427:1.31–12.34 1420:-Estradiol 974:13 (8–70) 949:0.0027–2.0 924:22 (7–81) 605:, such as 502:7-oxo-DHEA 492:, include 442:(E3), and 265:expression 221:(E2), and 211:endogenous 143:, others)) 49:Drug class 19014:Fertility 19009:Estrogens 18866:Tamoxifen 18846:Quercetin 18786:Genistein 18766:Estradiol 18750:o',p'-DDE 18653:ZK-191703 18648:ZK-164015 18608:Phenytoin 18506:(R,R)-THC 18445:Tamoxifen 18420:Promensil 18345:LY-117018 18320:Idoxifene 18315:ICI-55548 18300:Femarelle 18285:Endoxifen 18245:Clomifene 18001:diosgenin 17997:digitalis 17993:digitoxin 17983:triclosan 17963:fenarimol 17896:quercetin 17872:myricetin 17868:mirificin 17856:glycitein 17848:genistein 17844:glabridin 17804:calycosin 17792:baicalein 17748:phloretin 17704:ZK-283197 17564:Mestilbol 17526:Hexestrol 17501:Fenestrel 17476:Efavirenz 17407:Butestrol 17362:2,8-DHHHC 17357:(S,S)-THC 17352:(R,R)-THC 17307:Pentolame 17302:Orestrate 17277:Moxestrol 17267:Mestranol 17232:Etynodiol 17092:Estradiol 17067:Equilenin 17029:Cyclodiol 16987:Bolandiol 16590:Phase III 16578:Withdrawn 16468:goserelin 16451:sulpiride 16427:prolactin 16386:Androgens 16368:Letrozole 16343:Fadrozole 16277:Tamoxifen 16232:Clomifene 16039:Hexestrol 15933:Moxestrol 15923:Mestranol 15808:Estradiol 15715:androgens 15683:Estrogens 15671:Estrogens 15584:Vitamin D 15023:Estradiol 15015:Estranes: 15007:Estrogens 14809:Androgens 14683:Cortisone 14234:Thymosins 14195:Melatonin 14077:Estradiol 13924:Cortisone 13850:Prolactin 13747:pituitary 13734:Endocrine 13351:Estradiol 13122:Peach S. 13052:CiteSeerX 12800:1876-1623 12527:2002-4436 11270:Endocrine 10411:Menopause 10170:(1): 17. 10002:Frysh P. 9813:: 77–85. 9228:2002-4436 8616:activity. 8499:Cosmetics 8470:genistein 8396:The name 8392:Etymology 8335:In 1929, 8295:Chemistry 8225:Excretion 8189:sulfation 8165:estradiol 7916:Estradiol 7839:sulfation 7693:2 mg/day 7623:6 μg/day 7576:Estradiol 7400:Estradiol 7290:Metabolic 7226:ovulation 7194:precursor 7021:receptors 6990:basophils 6379:pregnancy 6366:menopause 6311:estradiol 6296:serotonin 6268:serotonin 6252:aromatase 6201:cognition 6192:Cognition 6174:Sex drive 6139:fertility 6135:secretion 6100:Androgens 6090:prolactin 6070:lactation 6066:pregnancy 6025:body hair 6017:androgens 5974:Sex drive 5928:Ovulation 5893:Increase 5886:Increase 5805:Decrease 5795:Increase 5777:Increase 5762:Increase 5755:Increase 5748:Decrease 5699:Increase 5674:Estradiol 5618:ligaments 5610:ligaments 5509:Synthetic 5499:levels = 5420:0.9 ± 0.3 5398:2.8 ± 1.0 5310:1.9 ± 0.8 5266:1.3 ± 0.2 5178:4.2 ± 0.8 5156:0.5 ± 0.2 4936:mammalian 4871:estradiol 4816:Mestranol 4512:Estradiol 4361:estradiol 4271:Moxestrol 4215:Mestranol 3935:Estradiol 3768:0.070–0.1 3693:0.2–0.076 3602:Estrogen 3577:Estrogen 3552:Androgen 3527:Androgen 3524:>10000 3521:>10000 3502:Androgen 3499:>10000 3496:>10000 3477:Androgen 3452:Androgen 3427:Androgen 3424:>10000 3421:>10000 3402:Androgen 3377:Androgen 3352:Androgen 3327:Androgen 3302:Androgen 3277:Androgen 3214:0.01–0.13 2995:Taleranol 2770:Quercetin 2627:0.2–0.287 2595:Genistein 2586:0.07–27.0 2583:0.14–80.0 2520:Erteberel 2427:0.12–0.25 2205:0.59–1.22 2202:0.82–2.63 2049:U-11,000A 1995:Clomifene 1983:7.14–20.3 1920:Tamoxifen 1914:Estrogen 1889:Estrogen 1864:Estrogen 1839:Estrogen 1814:Estrogen 1789:Estrogen 1770:Hexestrol 1764:Estrogen 1739:Estrogen 1714:Estrogen 1695:Moxestrol 1689:Estrogen 1670:Mestranol 1664:Estrogen 1661:0.29–0.81 1658:0.02–0.05 1639:Estrogen 1620:Δ-Estrone 1614:Estrogen 1589:Estrogen 1564:Estrogen 1539:Estrogen 1514:Estrogen 1489:Estrogen 1470:Equilenin 1464:Estrogen 1439:Estrogen 1411:Estrogen 1386:Estrogen 1361:Estrogen 1296:E2-3G-17S 811:Estrogen 786:Estrogen 761:Estrogen 736:Estrogen 717:Estradiol 490:aromatase 483:aromatase 478:, by the 468:androgens 460:pregnancy 448:menopause 436:estradiol 412:Note the 380:Estradiol 279:(GPR30). 243:Like all 238:androgens 219:estradiol 190:oestrogen 84:menopause 63:Estradiol 19004:Estranes 18944:See also 18746:p,p'-DDT 18737:Daidzein 18727:Atrazine 18700:Agonists 18628:RU-58668 18623:RU-39411 18470:U-11555A 18465:TZE-5323 18210:Anordrin 18205:Anordiol 18138:agnuside 18115:parabens 17955:dieldrin 17927:nyasol ( 17892:puerarin 17888:prunetin 17852:genistin 17840:glabrene 17812:daidzein 17808:catechin 17796:baicalin 17788:apigenin 17718:anethole 17506:FERb 033 17342:Tibolone 17327:RU-16117 17312:Prodiame 17247:Hippulin 17242:Hexolame 17087:Estetrol 16997:Butolame 16687:Agonists 16602:See also 16485:elagolix 16460:agonists 16420:receptor 16217:Anordrin 16119:agonists 15803:Estetrol 15762:tibolone 15744:Certain 15713:Certain 15699:agonists 15310:5α-DHDOC 15018:Estetrol 14786:Cortisol 14678:Cortisol 14547:steroids 14427:Skeleton 14417:Resistin 14316:Secretin 14298:Duodenum 14256:Thymulin 14157:Glucagon 14149:Pancreas 14130:Estrogen 14112:Placenta 13919:Cortisol 13812:Oxytocin 13774:Dopamine 13726:Hormones 13659:Estetrol 13233:16818244 13184:16203238 13133:22 April 13109:20977246 13074:11258977 12949:15940278 12900:28159148 12865:24616324 12857:16112947 12818:31036290 12723:37344052 12695:Steroids 12680:11511861 12642:27530684 12462:(2018). 12460:Prior JC 12446:25682174 12392:26779182 12333:27956226 12295:30210492 12269:: 1931. 12244:37931012 12236:26800512 12191:26560059 12161:BMJ Open 12142:21836070 12093:10500455 12081:Therapie 12058:16876166 12016:20480423 12008:11534997 11966:22116130 11958:19707181 11919:19804754 11870:21497515 11862:12537036 11827:18307829 11778:25343062 11726:36609028 11718:17038206 11680:22889242 11631:31058047 11588:25157819 11534:11393496 11499:22225849 11450:22669945 11442:16566897 11382:12085678 11341:37965502 11333:17909167 11290:16388113 11247:16292022 11212:10122688 11204:27951525 11169:24778605 11118:21471363 11069:26774208 11028:26149525 10979:26109339 10930:22004260 10881:29311911 10627:Hormones 10574:30440069 10531:20739412 10482:20807391 10474:21514299 10439:24557071 10431:16037752 10395:28276218 10352:21851428 10303:22438212 10247:24642944 10239:15298854 10196:26998216 10057:18580296 9989:35364299 9937:29224100 9886:19696765 9837:20441773 9788:30097511 9736:25559153 9687:44446541 9644:24198956 9601:20335737 9552:30697162 9526:: 1834. 9501:25280077 9493:15555924 9315:21117950 9279:15345050 9187:10865186 9151:23123738 9121:Steroids 9102:11803629 9094:23313336 9074:Steroids 9032:44957536 8994:93975613 8948:17222505 8903:22538318 8854:23756388 8827:20821847 8792:36834775 8784:11403894 8749:12007895 8708:31950471 8642:30855848 8528:See also 8505:shampoos 8466:daidzein 8398:estrogen 8366:Premarin 8354:Progynon 8209:Sources: 8201:hydroxyl 7829:and via 7821:such as 7760:Sources: 7151:pancreas 7127:placenta 7002:NK cells 6974:antibody 6954:vaccines 6492:3.8 (?) 5978:androgen 5920:oxytocin 5757:platelet 5598:collagen 5586:Anabolic 5517:Sources: 5448:Inactive 5410:<0.5 5401:552 ± 42 5338:Inactive 5316:Inactive 5288:180 ± 43 5228:Inactive 5162:Inactive 5137:468 ± 30 5115:490 ± 22 5093:506 ± 20 4999:Estrogen 4959:Sources: 4906:in-vitro 4863:in-vitro 4826:1.3–8.2 4674:0.04–21 4466:Estrogen 4426:Sources: 4413:cortisol 4389:for the 4376:for the 4363:for the 4350:for the 4337:for the 4321:<0.1 4293:<0.1 4237:<0.1 4209:<0.1 4097:<0.1 4041:<0.1 3985:<0.1 3957:<0.1 3850:Estrogen 3810:Sources: 3793:in-vitro 3683:Tibolone 3568:<0.07 3518:<0.01 3515:<0.01 3493:<0.01 3490:<0.01 3462:3β-Adiol 3437:3α-Adiol 3418:<0.01 3415:<0.01 3346:245–1053 3274:>5000 3271:>5000 3105:<0.01 2805:<0.01 2802:<0.01 2645:Daidzein 2611:0.3–12.8 2245:Etacstil 2127:10.2–166 1961:0.04–4.8 1933:3.4–9.69 1171:4-MeO-E3 1096:4-MeO-E1 1046:2-MeO-E1 996:4-MeO-E2 946:2-MeO-E2 833:0.43–1.2 830:0.2–0.52 792:Estetrol 500:(DHEA), 464:estetrol 456:menarche 444:estetrol 414:hydroxyl 396:Estetrol 304:intersex 267:of many 261:modulate 231:estetrol 181:Estrogen 108:ATC code 102:, others 42:Estrogen 18:Morestin 19089:Puberty 19084:Sterols 18989:Phenols 18916:Unknown 18892:Estriol 18796:GPER-L2 18791:GPER-L1 18475:U-11634 18350:Menerba 18340:LN-2299 18335:LN-1643 18310:GW-7604 18265:D-15413 18097:(e.g., 18089:(e.g., 18075:(e.g., 18059:Steroid 18031:(e.g., 18013:(e.g., 17991:(e.g., 17949:(e.g., 17941:cadmium 17939:(e.g., 17917:(e.g., 17915:Lignans 17816:daidzin 17780:7,8-DHF 17778:(incl. 17764:(e.g., 17742:(e.g., 17624:SERBA-2 17619:SC-4289 17614:SC-3296 17521:GTx-758 17417:D-15414 17367:β-LGND1 17317:Prolame 17166:Estrone 17134:Estriol 17072:Equilin 16954:(e.g., 16867:16α-LE2 16535:Danazol 16493:(e.g., 16479:(e.g., 16462:(e.g., 16392:(e.g., 16187:(incl. 16138:(e.g., 16121:(e.g., 16108:(e.g., 16088:Zeranol 15884:Estrone 15867:(e.g., 15860:Estriol 15815:(e.g., 15748:(e.g., 15721:(e.g., 15611:Others: 15250:(e.g., 15120:Others: 15033:Estriol 15028:Estrone 14321:Motilin 14288:Ghrelin 14283:Gastrin 14275:Stomach 14162:Insulin 14097:Relaxin 14092:Inhibin 14087:Activin 14059:Inhibin 13968:Thyroid 13654:Estriol 13649:Estrone 13642:Related 13224:1874167 13175:1281270 12940:1369102 12809:6533072 12715:9618795 12633:5227141 12593:4815174 12481:24 July 12437:4380804 12383:4701921 12366:: 635. 12341:9137227 12286:6119719 12182:4654387 12133:3357483 12066:7465192 11910:2851224 11818:2885896 11769:4203460 11671:3570621 11623:2207221 11579:4191033 11490:3307822 11298:8205014 11255:9172877 11160:3985021 11109:3089976 11019:4573330 10970:4491541 10921:4838456 10872:5743731 10855:: 430. 10566:9516076 10522:2982168 10387:9638959 10343:3348521 10294:3647363 10187:4797181 10048:2849969 9980:9044006 9928:5835337 9877:2866448 9856:Obesity 9828:2924463 9779:6795075 9727:4285578 9679:1958566 9636:6510548 9592:2873087 9543:6341375 9456:4 March 9432:9393999 9423:5719867 9402:Bibcode 9373:4 March 9142:3529809 8974:Bibcode 8939:1847610 8894:3496782 8673:7083198 8483:(e.g., 8460:(e.g., 8451:cadmium 8449:(e.g., 8412:oîstros 8406:οἶστρος 8350:Emmenin 8317:History 8311:estrane 8307:steroid 8231:kidneys 8187:(e.g., 8177:estriol 8173:estrone 8169:natural 8131:17β-HSD 8021:17β-HSD 7999:Estriol 7949:Estrone 7863:tissues 7819:enzymes 7784:and/or 7782:albumin 7511:Estrone 7373:Estrone 7285:Gonadal 7175:breasts 7137:of the 7123:ovaries 7026:nucleus 7014:B cells 6982:type 17 6932:Source: 6394:adropin 6225:periods 6161:of DNA 6124:ovarian 6062:puberty 6001:puberty 5999:during 5966:of the 5958:during 5940:in the 5911:lining 5901:vaginal 5888:uterine 5870:Sexual 5863:alveoli 5843:areolae 5837:Melanin 5725:factors 5711:adropin 5694:Protein 5631:Reduce 5614:tendons 5606:tendons 5482:cytosol 5479:uterine 5477:of rat 5335:103 ± 7 5319:110–142 5313:130 ± 9 5244:45 ± 12 5203:285 ± 8 5065:Control 4934:. Both 4885:cytosol 4882:uterine 4868:labeled 4807:17–150 4791:0.0006 4750:5.3–38 4740:Estrone 4611:E2-17A 4582:0.0002 4573:E2-17G 4331:ligands 4318:<0.1 4290:<0.2 4287:<0.1 4278:<0.1 4234:<0.1 4191:100–112 4103:Equilin 4094:<0.1 4075:Estriol 4019:Estrone 3798:labeled 3743:0.6–0.8 3349:163–515 3299:73–1688 3240:1.2–1.7 3237:-OH-DDT 2970:Zeranol 2608:2.6–126 2545:SERBA-2 2495:ERB-196 2455:22.0–83 2352:14.6–57 2345:16α-LE2 2249:GW-5638 2052:30.9–44 2027:151–152 1505:7.9–108 1502:7.9–113 1455:13.0–49 1445:Equilin 1146:2-OH-E3 1124:2.0–6.5 1074:1.0–2.0 1071:4-OH-E1 1027:0.2–0.4 1024:2.0–4.0 1021:2-OH-E1 971:4-OH-E2 921:2-OH-E2 767:Estriol 742:Estrone 689:Action 611:nipples 607:breasts 440:estriol 432:estrone 388:Estriol 372:Estrone 249:diffuse 227:estrane 223:estriol 215:estrone 160:D004967 139:(e.g., 18811:Niacin 18806:Kepone 18663:ERX-11 18633:SS1020 18541:ERB-88 18536:ERA-90 18440:SS1010 18365:MRL-37 17730:dianol 17699:ERB-79 17694:ERA-45 17689:ERB-26 17422:DCW234 17377:AC-186 17044:DHEA-S 16976:esters 16960:esters 16812:8β-VE2 16573:WHO-EM 16525:Others 15576:Others 14577:20α,22 14445:Kidney 14407:Leptin 14366:/other 14226:Thymus 14167:Amylin 14041:Testis 13934:DHEA-S 13736:glands 13430:Esters 13358:Topics 13259:4 June 13231: 13221: 13182: 13172: 13107: 13072: 13054: 12947: 12937: 12898: 12863: 12855: 12823:2005). 12816: 12806: 12798: 12788: 12748: 12721: 12713: 12678: 12640: 12630: 12591: 12548: 12525: 12472: 12444: 12434: 12390: 12380: 12339: 12331: 12293: 12283: 12242: 12234: 12189: 12179: 12140: 12130: 12091: 12064: 12056: 12014: 12006: 11964: 11956: 11917: 11907: 11868: 11860: 11825: 11815: 11776: 11766: 11724: 11716: 11678: 11668: 11629: 11621: 11586: 11576: 11532: 11497: 11487: 11448: 11440: 11380: 11339: 11331: 11296: 11288: 11253: 11245: 11210: 11202: 11167: 11157: 11143:: 65. 11116: 11106: 11067: 11026: 11016: 10977: 10967: 10928: 10918: 10879: 10869: 10826: 10799: 10772: 10745: 10718: 10691: 10664: 10634: 10602: 10572: 10564: 10529: 10519: 10480: 10472: 10437: 10429: 10393: 10385: 10350: 10340: 10301: 10291: 10245: 10237: 10194: 10184: 10116: 10080: 10055: 10045: 9987: 9977: 9935: 9925: 9915: 9884: 9874: 9835: 9825: 9786: 9776: 9734: 9724: 9685: 9677: 9642: 9634: 9599: 9589: 9550: 9540: 9499: 9491: 9430: 9420: 9394:Nature 9338: 9313: 9277: 9270:522873 9267: 9226: 9185: 9149: 9139: 9100: 9092: 9055: 9030: 9020: 8992: 8946: 8936: 8901: 8891: 8852: 8825: 8815: 8790: 8782: 8747: 8706: 8671: 8640: 8607: 8577: 8372:, and 8329:, and 8253:, and 8205:groups 8203:(–OH) 8102:CYP450 8078:CYP450 8069:CYP450 8054:UGT1A9 8048:UGT1A3 7841:) and 7827:CYP3A4 7823:CYP1A1 7800:, and 7737:Notes: 7453:Women 7310:units 7303:units 7277:phase 7080:, and 6978:Type 1 6968:. The 6962:cancer 6927:Notes: 6350:height 6235:, and 6186:libido 6120:uterus 6116:vagina 6028:growth 5960:estrus 5909:Uterus 5890:growth 5883:growth 5819:sodium 5817:Salt ( 5770:-> 5608:, and 5545:is in 5460:Notes: 5354:11 ± 4 5341:95–100 5200:24 ± 7 5134:10 ± 4 5112:11 ± 8 4955:figure 4920:assays 4915:(GFP) 4879:rodent 4772:0.002 4769:0.004 4652:19–26 4614:31–45 4579:0.002 4554:E2-3G 4411:, and 4327:Notes: 3954:8.7–12 3785:= (1) 3120:Kepone 2977:48–111 2445:8β-VE2 2430:6.6–18 1999:MRL-41 1805:56–404 1780:60–234 1555:90–100 1480:7.0–20 1477:2.0–15 1371:E2-17B 1333:>10 1330:>10 1299:0.0001 1274:0.0015 1271:E2-17G 1249:0.0079 1224:0.0004 666:Ligand 627:libido 547:, and 528:, and 524:(A5), 520:(A4), 480:enzyme 438:(E2), 434:(E1), 418:groups 416:(–OH) 217:(E1), 18887:CCL18 18761:Equol 18643:ZB716 18613:PHTPP 18480:Y-134 18157:SERMs 18152:Mixed 17832:equol 17714:Anise 17543:M2613 16199:SERDs 16190:SERMs 15464:THDOC 15419:DHDOC 14478:Heart 14453:Renin 14383:IGF-2 14378:IGF-1 14364:Liver 14354:GLP-1 14336:Ileum 14218:Other 14102:GnSAF 14069:Ovary 12861:S2CID 12719:S2CID 12511:(1). 12337:S2CID 12240:S2CID 12212:(PDF) 12062:S2CID 12023:(PDF) 12012:S2CID 11984:(PDF) 11962:S2CID 11866:S2CID 11722:S2CID 11627:S2CID 11446:S2CID 11337:S2CID 11294:S2CID 11251:S2CID 11208:S2CID 10570:S2CID 10478:S2CID 10435:S2CID 10391:S2CID 10254:(PDF) 10243:S2CID 10215:(PDF) 10008:WebMD 9683:S2CID 9640:S2CID 9497:S2CID 9212:(1). 9098:S2CID 8990:S2CID 8788:S2CID 8704:S2CID 8402:Greek 8255:urine 8247:feces 8235:liver 7859:liver 7739:"The 7280:Blood 7188:from 7167:brain 7147:liver 7038:Nf-kB 7010:IFN-g 6996:, M2 6501:2895 6495:1480 6489:1015 6483:1105 6155:brain 6021:pubic 5942:ovary 5829:edema 5823:edema 5791:Lipid 5783:PAI-2 5779:PAI-1 5551:prose 5385:65–92 5363:21–50 5209:31–61 5099:12–19 4939:cells 4924:yeast 4873:from 4845:0.37 4829:0.16 4671:2–11 4636:0.79 4601:0.52 4563:0.09 4560:0.02 4544:0.04 4541:0.02 4259:<1 4203:<1 4197:15–25 4175:<1 4172:<1 4169:<1 4166:<1 4147:<1 4144:<1 4141:<1 4138:<1 4091:<1 4088:<1 4085:<1 4082:<1 4079:10–15 4035:<1 4032:<1 4029:<1 4026:<1 4023:11–35 2620:Equol 2480:67–72 2355:0.089 2264:SERM 2239:SERM 2233:0.053 2214:SERM 2189:SERM 2164:SERM 2158:0.313 2139:SERM 2133:0.229 2114:SERM 2108:0.179 2089:SERM 2064:SERM 2039:SERM 2014:SERM 1989:SERM 1964:SERM 1939:SERM 1877:0.074 1858:15.30 1702:35–43 1552:35–68 1530:14–32 1399:0.145 1327:<1 1324:<1 1246:E2-3G 1202:<1 1199:<1 1102:<1 1099:<1 1052:<1 927:11–35 877:79–80 686:, nM) 623:sperm 599:women 269:genes 18907:MIBE 18902:G-36 18897:G-15 18831:PCBs 18688:GPER 18598:MIBE 18131:PCBs 18123:PHBA 18119:PBBs 17967:HPTE 17824:EGCG 17722:anol 17557:meso 17549:meso 17039:DHEA 16974:and 16958:and 16475:GnRH 16458:GnRH 16124:GnRH 16117:GnRH 15673:and 15514:DHEA 15148:DHEA 14862:DHEA 13929:DHEA 13865:ACTH 13860:CLIP 13855:POMC 13784:GHRH 13764:GnRH 13295:2006 13261:2008 13229:PMID 13180:PMID 13135:2023 13105:PMID 13070:PMID 13029:2011 12977:2018 12945:PMID 12896:PMID 12853:PMID 12814:PMID 12796:ISSN 12786:ISBN 12759:2023 12746:ISBN 12711:PMID 12676:PMID 12638:PMID 12589:PMID 12546:ISBN 12523:ISSN 12483:2021 12470:ISBN 12442:PMID 12388:PMID 12329:PMID 12291:PMID 12232:PMID 12187:PMID 12138:PMID 12089:PMID 12054:PMID 12004:PMID 11954:PMID 11915:PMID 11889:Cell 11858:PMID 11823:PMID 11774:PMID 11714:PMID 11676:PMID 11619:PMID 11584:PMID 11530:PMID 11495:PMID 11438:PMID 11407:2019 11378:PMID 11329:PMID 11286:PMID 11243:PMID 11200:PMID 11165:PMID 11114:PMID 11065:PMID 11024:PMID 10975:PMID 10926:PMID 10877:PMID 10824:ISBN 10797:ISBN 10770:ISBN 10743:ISBN 10716:ISBN 10689:ISBN 10662:ISBN 10632:ISBN 10600:ISBN 10562:PMID 10527:PMID 10470:PMID 10427:PMID 10383:PMID 10348:PMID 10299:PMID 10235:PMID 10192:PMID 10127:2023 10114:ISBN 10091:2023 10078:ISBN 10053:PMID 9985:PMID 9933:PMID 9913:ISBN 9882:PMID 9833:PMID 9811:1350 9784:PMID 9732:PMID 9675:PMID 9632:PMID 9597:PMID 9548:PMID 9489:PMID 9458:2008 9428:PMID 9375:2008 9349:2023 9336:ISBN 9311:PMID 9275:PMID 9224:ISSN 9183:PMID 9147:PMID 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