658:'s Climate Station in the City of Monterey at 385 feet elevation, the coldest month is January, with an average daily high of 15.5 °C (60 °F); the warmest month is September, with an average daily high of 22 °C (71.5 °F); the average daily low is 6 °C (43 °F) in January and 11.5 °C (53 °F) in September; and the average rainfall is 50 centimeters (19.7 inches) per year, with 90.3% falling during November through April. During summer, fog drip is the primary source of moisture for plants that would otherwise not be able to persist with such low summer precipitation. The fog drip and precipitation are heaviest along the spine and west side of the ridge because the prevailing winds and precipitation come from the west. The weather can be much hotter when the winds blow from the east: Since 1906, there have been 11 days with a high of 37.8 °C (100 °F) or higher; all 11 days occurred in June, September, or October.
211:
847:. The Peninsula was considerably more affluent than the national average: the percentage of households with six figure incomes being 60% higher and the percentage of households with incomes of less than $ 25,000 being 54% lower than the national average. In terms of income distribution 19.8% of households had incomes of less than $ 25,000, while 27.2% had incomes between $ 25,000 and $ 50,000, 21.1% incomes between $ 50,000 and $ 75,000, 11.9% incomes between $ 75,000 and $ 100,000 and 19.8% had incomes exceeding $ 100,000 compared to 30.5%, 25.8%, 18.4%, 10.3% and 12.3% at the national level, respectively.
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584:, opened in 1880, was the first true resort complex in the United States and was the forerunner to today's Pebble Beach Company. It became popular with the wealthy and influential of the day, and hosted guests from Theodore Roosevelt to Ernest Hemingway, as well as many early Hollywood stars. A train station was built in Monterey expressly for the purpose of bringing visitors to the resort, and the Del Monte name is still frequently seen around town. The Hotel Del Monte was requisitioned by the Navy at the beginning of
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650:, the highest elevation of the peninsula, 250 meters (825 feet) above sea level, is on the north-south ridge that runs the length of the peninsula. The climate is a cool Mediterranean type, strongly influenced by the prevailing winds from the west, which blow over the Pacific Coast's cool ocean current from Alaska and the cold water that wells up from
535:, with settings designed by artist DeNeale Morgan. By 1914, the club had achieved national recognition, with an article The Mercury Herald commenting "...a fever of activity seems to have seized the community and each newcomer is immediately inoculated and begins with great enthusiasm to do something... with plays, studios and studies...".
278:, the oldest governmental building in the state, and California's Historic Landmark Number One. Built in 3 phases, construction on the Custom House began in 1814 under the Spanish, the center section under Mexican rule in 1827, with the lower end completed by the United States in 1846. Monterey was also the site of the July 7, 1846,
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by 70%. The project has the support of
Peninsula mayors water authority together with local business and community leaders. The Marina Coast Water District and Ag Land Trust have concerns about the test well pumping impacts on the area's groundwater supply and would prefer a full environmental impact
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capacity that is intended to provide a reliable, long-term water supply. The project will use subsurface slant wells that draw from a brackish aquifer that consists mostly of seawater located just behind the coast line. Since the intake does not reach into the ocean, potential harm to sealife can be
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In the late 19th century the fishing industry became the area's most profitable and important economic sector. Started by mostly
Italian immigrants in Monterey and Chinese immigrants in Pacific Grove, the fishing industry flourished. By the 1930s canneries lined the northern shore of the Peninsula.
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the village was inundated with musicians, writers, painters other artists turning to the established artist colony after the bay city was destroyed. The new residents were offered home lots - ten dollars down, little or no interest, and whatever they could pay on a monthly basis. In 1907 the town's
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brought others to the
Pacific Grove Retreat to rest and meditate. The initial meeting of the Pacific Coast branch of the Chautauqua Literary and Scientific Circle was held in Pacific Grove in June 1879. Modelled after the Methodist Sunday school teachers’ training camp established in 1874 at Lake
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319:, was originally a public school and government meeting place. It also hosted California's first constitutional convention. Today it houses a museum, while adjacent buildings serve as the seat of local government. The Monterey post office opened in 1849. Monterey incorporated in 1889.
374:. More recently, Monterey has been recognized for its significant involvement in post-secondary learning of languages other than English and its major role in delivering translation and interpretation services around the world. In November 1995, California Governor
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is the major north-south highway through the area. Although it travels along the coast for most of its length, Highway 1 bypasses the immediately coastline of the
Monterey Peninsula and instead primarily travels inland on the eastern side of the area as a freeway.
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lived in a cottage in
Pacific Grove owned by his father, Ernest, who was Monterey County Treasurer. The cottage still stands on a quiet side street, without any plaque or special sign, virtually overlooked by most Steinbeck fans. In Steinbeck's book
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wandered into the deserted campgrounds: "I have never been in any place so dreamlike. Indeed, it was not so much like a deserted town as like a scene upon the stage by daylight, and with no one on the boards." Today,
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avoided. The wells drawing the water for desalination must not access the
Salinas Valley Groundwater Basin. The California state water board originally set a deadline of December 31, 2016 to reduce pumping from the
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was originally designed as a local excursion for visitors to the Del Monte, in which they could take in the historic sights of
Monterey and Pacific Grove and the scenery of what would become Pebble Beach.
619:, but also presents a unique combination of non-endemic species due to overlap of species with more northerly versus more southerly ranges. Some taxa, such as the coastal closed-cone pines (which include
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in nearby Pebble Beach is named after the author. The
Pacific Grove post office opened in 1886, closed later that year, and was re-opened in 1887. Pacific Grove incorporated in 1889.
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in
Pacific Grove is the oldest continually operating lighthouse on the West Coast of the United States. It was built in 1855, and has served as an aid to navigation ever since.
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school in both Europe and the United States were seeking an outdoor venue which had natural beauty, so that
Pacific Grove was a magnet for this movement. English painter
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of the Del Monte Properties Company to explore the possibilities of preserving the unique forest communities. The forests of the Monterey Peninsula are now called the
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first cultural center and theatre, the Carmel Arts and Crafts Clubhouse, was built. Poets Austin and Sterling performed their "private theatricals" there.
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480:(or Carmel for short) is commonly considered part of the Peninsula area even though the city technically is adjacent to the peninsula instead of on it.
274:. The city was originally the only port of entry for taxable goods in California. All shipments into California by sea were required to go through the
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Today, tourism serves as the Peninsula's main industry. The old Cannery Row is a tourist center lined with boutiques, restaurants, and hotels.
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epoch, but then retreated to small pockets of cooler and moister conditions along the coast ranges during the hotter, drier early and middle
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487:, filed a new subdivision map of the core village that became Carmel-by-the-Sea. The Carmel post office opened the same year. In 1910, the
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Chautauqua, N.Y., this location became part of a nationwide educational network. In November 1879, after the summer campers returned home,
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The Presidio of Monterrey". Volume II, plate V from: "A Voyage of Discovery to the North Pacific Ocean and Round the World" by Captain
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Percentage of households in each income bracket on the Monterey Peninsula and nationwide, according to data from the 2000 U.S. Census.
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The city has a noteworthy history as a center for California painters in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Such painters as
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251:. Originally near the presidio, the mission later moved a few miles south to its current location at the mouth of Carmel Valley.
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At the 2000 Census, the Peninsula (Monterey, Pacific Grove, Carmel and Pebble Beach) had 53,808 residents, 84.8% of whom were
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451:, a chapter is dedicated to describing a (probably fictional) rivalry that arose among the town's residents over the game of
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in Monterey Bay. Like underwater parks, these marine protected areas help conserve ocean wildlife and marine ecosystems.
1920:
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waters did not yield the amounts of fish needed to keep the canneries profitable. The end of big business fishing on the
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350:. In addition to painters many noted authors through the years have also lived in and around the Monterey area such as
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established the Coastal Laboratory, and a number of scientists moved to the area. Carmel incorporated in 1916.
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305:, brick house, publicly funded school, public building, public library, and printing press, which printed
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characterized the forests on the Monterey Peninsula as the "most important silva ever", and encouraged
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Due in part to its geography and climate, the Monterey Peninsula has not only a high degree of species
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560:. By the early 1940s, however, the fishing industry was dealt a devastating blow when the heavily
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The hotel's park reservation, originally used for hunting and other outdoor activities, became
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For the Period of Record, 1906-2013, per the Western Regional Climate Center, www.wrcc.dri.edu
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was the beginning of several conservation efforts which eventually led to the creation of the
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The Hotel Del Monte, California's Most Historic Resort' Publisher: Naval Postgraduate School
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Harold and Ann Gilliam, Creating Carmel, The Enduring Vision, Peregrine Smith Books, 1992
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and other artists moved to Pacific Grove in the early 1900s. For a number of years,
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California's Geographic Names: A Gazetteer of Historic and Modern Names of the State
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Barbara J. Klein, The Carmel Monterey Peninsula Art Colony: A History, accessed at
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to defend the port against an expected Russian trading and settlement invasion.
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While the fishing industry was very important to the area, so was tourism. The
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432:, became an artists' haven in the 1890s and subsequent period. Artists of the
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In addition, many California "firsts" occurred in Monterey. These include the
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over the Monterey Custom House and claimed California for the United States.
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In 1911, the town's rich Shakespearean tradition began with a production of
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599:, an unincorporated community and well-known golf resort area. The famous
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843:, 8.5% Hispanic or Latino, 6.0% Asian or Pacific Islander and 1.8% were
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was founded in 1875 by a group of Methodists who modeled the town after
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707:. The closed cone pine forest habitat is dominated by Monterey pine,
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A variety of natural habitats are found on the Monterey Peninsula:
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In 1902 James Frank Devendorf and Frank Powers, on behalf of the
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727:; rare plants inhabiting chaparral habitat in Monterey are:
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was formed to support and produce artistic works. After the
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proclaimed Monterey as "The Language Capital of the World".
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lived or visited to pursue painting in the style of either
2101:
Pacific Grove Marine Gardens State Marine Conservation Area
2061:
Big Creek State Marine Reserve and Marine Conservation Area
1792:
Pacific Grove Marine Gardens State Marine Conservation Area
764:
Pacific Grove Marine Gardens State Marine Conservation Area
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stands, i.e. species that once extended more widely in the
1025:: August 2, 1995 (Volume 60, Number 148, Pages 39326-39337
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965:
399:. In time, the butterflies, fragrant pines and fresh
33:
Aerial view of the Monterey Peninsula as seen from a
893:
Monterey State Historic Park - Monterey Attractions
217:, established in 1770, was the headquarters of the
2514:Tourist attractions in Monterey County, California
930:. Clovis, Calif.: Word Dancer Press. p. 881.
420:Point Pinos Lighthouse, Pacific Grove, California.
2076:Edward F. Ricketts State Marine Conservation Area
772:Edward F. Ricketts State Marine Conservation Area
2505:
544:These canneries were the setting for the novels
1001:Reconsidering the Conservation of Monterey Pine
760:Portuguese Ledge State Marine Conservation Area
689:. The dune area is also important, as it hosts
2314:
2300:
2000:Juan Bautista de Anza National Historic Trail
1502:
1125:
1065:"Cal Am test slant well to deliver key data"
756:Soquel Canyon State Marine Conservation Area
610:
1308:Cities, towns, and census-designated places
2307:
2293:
1653:John Steinbeck House (Salinas, California)
1509:
1495:
1132:
1118:
1086:"Cal Am desal test well to resume pumping"
735:. Other rare plants on the peninsula are:
54:
2066:Carmel Bay State Marine Conservation Area
1039:"Monterey Peninsula Water Supply Project"
956:
750:
588:, and is now the central building of the
2524:Landforms of Monterey County, California
1891:California Roots Music and Arts Festival
1033:
1031:
830:
493:
415:
254:Monterey served as the capital of upper
209:
198:
2182:Pacific Grove Marine Gardens State Park
2005:Monterey Bay Coastal Recreational Trail
1747:Pacific Grove Museum of Natural History
1083:
807:Monterey Peninsula Supply Water Project
2506:
2111:Salinas River National Wildlife Refuge
2096:Monterey Bay National Marine Sanctuary
1632:Mission San Carlos Borromeo de Carmelo
1062:
952:http://www.tfaoi.com/aa/5aa/5aa300.htm
925:
895:. PlanetWare. Retrieved on 2013-07-19.
570:Monterey Bay National Marine Sanctuary
262:from 1777 to 1848, under the flags of
215:Mission San Carlos Borromeo de Carmelo
2288:
2071:Carmel Pinnacles State Marine Reserve
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1113:
1028:
921:
919:
917:
915:
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1767:Casa del Oro Sensory and Herb Garden
1622:Mission Nuestra Señora de la Soledad
823:report be prepared for the project.
465:
156:anchors the northern portion on the
1808:Bayonet and Black Horse Golf Course
1518:Monterey County tourist attractions
538:
13:
2389:Pacific Grove Municipal Golf Links
1813:Pacific Grove Municipal Golf Links
1782:First Theater in California Garden
910:
228:was founded in 1770 by missionary
176:, and the resort and community of
14:
2545:
2086:Lovers Point State Marine Reserve
1102:
1063:Crooks, Ian (February 27, 2015).
785:
768:Lovers Point State Marine Reserve
2106:Point Lobos State Marine Reserve
1921:Pebble Beach Concours d'Elegance
1205:
1084:Johnson, Jim (October 7, 2015).
643:epoch between 6000 and 2000 BC.
381:
243:At the same time, Serra founded
53:
46:
27:
2459:Salinas Golf & Country Club
2412:Monterey Peninsula Country Club
2331:Carmel Valley Ranch Golf Course
2162:Julia Pfeiffer Burns State Park
1077:
1056:
1015:
1006:
993:
826:
648:United States Geological Survey
1716:Camp Roberts Historical Museum
1003:. Fremontia 26(3):12–16 (1998)
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898:
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249:Spanish Missions of California
1:
2450:Corral De Tierra Country Club
2056:Asilomar State Marine Reserve
850:
776:Asilomar State Marine Reserve
646:According to the maps of the
521:1906 San Francisco earthquake
472:Carmel-by-the-Sea, California
2456:Salinas Fairways Golf Course
2265:Point Pinos Lighthouse Drive
1916:Monterey Motorsports Reunion
1663:Robert Louis Stevenson House
1627:Mission San Antonio de Padua
1574:Monterey State Historic Park
654:'s submarine canyon. At the
164:and comprises the cities of
16:Peninsula in California, USA
7:
2187:Pfeiffer Big Sur State Park
2091:Mill Creek Redwood Preserve
2023:Garland Ranch Regional Park
1863:Monterey County Fairgrounds
1554:First theater in California
1539:Asilomar Conference Grounds
517:Carmel Arts and Crafts Club
500:Carmel Shakespeare Festival
303:First theater in California
286:. It was on this date that
245:Mission San Carlos Borromeo
188:
10:
2550:
2369:Monterey Pines Golf Course
2316:Golf in Monterey Peninsula
2229:Los Padres National Forest
1777:Custom House Cactus Garden
1726:Presidio of Monerey Museum
677:. During the early 1900s,
575:
485:Carmel Development Company
469:
385:
219:Californian mission system
192:
183:
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2469:
2441:
2433:Spyglass Hill Golf Course
2397:
2379:
2354:
2322:
2260:Nacimiento-Fergusson Road
2237:
2221:
2205:
2192:Salinas River State Beach
2142:Fort Ord Dunes State Park
2119:
2081:John Little State Reserve
2046:
2038:Palo Corona Regional Park
2013:
1992:
1956:
1949:
1929:
1876:
1843:
1836:
1828:Spyglass Hill Golf Course
1800:
1759:
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1703:
1687:
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1658:National Steinbeck Center
1640:
1612:
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1279:
1251:
1235:
1214:
1203:
1147:
1043:California American Water
926:Durham, David L. (1998).
882:State Parks: Custom House
796:California State Route 68
611:Flora and natural history
590:Naval Postgraduate School
388:Pacific Grove, California
247:, second in the chain of
139:
134:
122:
85:
77:
72:
41:
26:
2519:Peninsulas of California
2429:The Links at Spanish Bay
2177:Moss Landing State Beach
2137:Carmel River State Beach
2127:Andrew Molera State Park
1886:California Rodeo Salinas
1668:Tor House and Hawk Tower
1150:& submarine features
907:Retrieved on 2008-03-14.
798:provides access east to
791:California State Route 1
715:, and contains the rare
656:National Weather Service
2484:Black Horse Golf Course
2462:Twin Creeks Golf Course
2453:Pajaro Valley Golf Club
2425:Poppy Hills Golf Course
2417:Pebble Beach Golf Links
2342:Rancho Canada Golf Club
2213:Pinnacles National Park
1823:Poppy Hills Golf Course
1818:Pebble Beach Golf Links
1564:House of the Four Winds
671:closed-cone pine forest
397:Ocean Grove, New Jersey
311:, the first newspaper.
2372:Nicklaus Club-Monterey
2366:Laguna Seca Golf Ranch
2335:The Preserve Golf Club
1911:Monterey Jazz Festival
1760:Arboretums and gardens
1742:Hopkins Marine Station
1711:Boronda History Center
1695:Monterey Museum of Art
1579:Point Pinos Lighthouse
836:
780:marine protected areas
751:Marine protected areas
512:
421:
406:Robert Louis Stevenson
372:Robert Louis Stevenson
236:. PortolĂ erected the
222:
207:
107:36.59583°N 121.93056°W
2534:Regions of California
2421:Peter Hay Golf Course
2363:Del Monte Golf Course
2339:Quail Lodge Golf Club
2270:River Road Wine Trail
2250:Big Sur Coast Highway
2197:Zmudowski State Beach
1772:Casa Soberanes Garden
1589:Samuel M. Black House
976:July 8, 2011, at the
905:Colton Hall web page.
834:
811:desalination facility
737:Hutchinson's larkspur
508:at Carmel's historic
498:Sunset over the 1994
497:
419:
221:from 1797 until 1833.
213:
202:
2172:Monterey State Beach
2147:Garrapata State Park
2132:Asilomar State Beach
2047:Reserves, preserves,
1901:Kiddie Kapers Parade
1896:Carmel Bach Festival
1858:Golden State Theatre
1584:Point Sur Lighthouse
739:, Tidestrom lupine;
721:Hickman's potentilla
635:climate of the late
489:Carnegie Institution
424:Pacific Grove, like
324:Arthur Frank Mathews
284:Mexican–American War
238:Presidio of Monterey
195:Monterey, California
112:36.59583; -121.93056
2479:Bayonet Golf Course
2157:Ishxenta State Park
1549:Ecualyptus Tree Row
1471:Tourist attractions
315:, built in 1849 by
290:, Commodore in the
103: /
23:
2495:Monterey Peninsula
2407:Cypress Point Club
2167:Marina State Beach
1979:Monterey Peninsula
1846:centers and venues
1721:Museum of Monterey
1532:Historic buildings
869:2012-10-08 at the
837:
717:Monterey manzanita
699:Seaside birds beak
691:endangered species
683:Samuel F. B. Morse
679:Willis Linn Jepson
513:
422:
360:Robert A. Heinlein
292:United States Navy
280:Battle of Monterey
223:
208:
154:Monterey Peninsula
61:Monterey Peninsula
22:Monterey Peninsula
21:
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1945:
1944:
1906:Monterey Car Week
1755:
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1484:
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1432:San Juan Bautista
1352:Carmel-by-the-Sea
1227:Santa Cruz County
1192:San Lorenzo River
1141:Monterey Bay Area
733:Sandmat manzanita
478:Carmel-by-the-Sea
466:Carmel-by-the-Sea
460:Point Piños Light
426:Carmel-by-the-Sea
336:Rowena Meeks Abdy
234:Gaspar de PortolĂ
150:
149:
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2346:TehĂ ma Golf Club
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2222:National forests
1954:
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1615:mission churches
1594:Sherman Quarters
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1280:Cities and towns
1252:Cities and towns
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1187:San Benito River
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1023:Federal Register
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845:African American
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558:John Steinbeck
553:Sweet Thursday
540:
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510:Forest Theater
502:production of
470:Main article:
467:
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448:Sweet Thursday
442:John Steinbeck
386:Main article:
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352:John Steinbeck
266:, independent
230:JunĂpero Serra
193:Main article:
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288:John D. Sloat
285:
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272:United States
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155:
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143:United States
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127:
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2529:Monterey Bay
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2399:Pebble Beach
1978:
1969:Monterey Bay
1801:Golf courses
1569:Larkin House
1412:Moss Landing
1372:Del Rey Oaks
1236:Major cities
1197:Soquel Creek
1177:Pajaro River
1106:
1089:
1079:
1068:
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1046:. Retrieved
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1008:
1000:
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838:
827:Demographics
820:Carmel River
804:
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702:
693:such as the
660:
652:Monterey Bay
645:
614:
606:
597:Pebble Beach
594:
586:World War II
579:
566:Monterey Bay
551:
545:
542:
528:
526:
515:In 1905 the
514:
504:
482:
476:The city of
475:
457:
446:
438:William Adam
434:En plein air
423:
391:
364:Henry Miller
344:En plein air
328:Armin Hansen
321:
307:
300:
276:Custom House
253:
242:
224:
178:Pebble Beach
153:
151:
141:
35:jet airliner
18:
2120:State parks
2049:and refuges
1937:Laguna Seca
1648:Cannery Row
1544:Colton Hall
1451:Ghost towns
1427:Rio del Mar
1362:Castroville
1271:Watsonville
1167:Loch Lomond
1048:October 11,
864:NHL Summary
809:includes a
713:Bishop Pine
637:Pleistocene
547:Cannery Row
376:Pete Wilson
368:Ed Ricketts
313:Colton Hall
282:during the
124:Adjacent to
110: /
98:121°55′50″W
86:Coordinates
2508:Categories
1397:Greenfield
1327:Ben Lomond
1261:Santa Cruz
851:References
704:Ericameria
667:sand dunes
623:) and the
562:overfished
340:Percy Gray
270:, and the
162:California
95:36°35′45″N
81:California
2255:Highway 1
2016:and lakes
1437:Sand City
1422:Prunedale
1402:King City
1367:Davenport
1342:Brookdale
1289:Hollister
665:zone and
296:U.S. flag
73:Geography
2356:Monterey
1950:Outdoors
1837:Cultural
1613:Historic
1458:Glenwood
1392:Gonzales
1347:Capitola
1294:Monterey
1254:50k-100k
1215:Counties
974:Archived
867:Archived
745:Knotweed
695:vascular
663:littoral
641:Holocene
617:endemism
430:Monterey
348:Tonalism
226:Monterey
189:Monterey
166:Monterey
78:Location
2471:Seaside
2443:Salinas
1964:Big Sur
1957:Regions
1735:Science
1704:History
1681:Museums
1382:Freedom
1332:Boronda
1310:<25k
1299:Soledad
1282:25k-50k
1266:Seaside
1243:Salinas
800:Salinas
697:plants
576:Tourism
401:sea air
184:History
1993:Trails
1407:Marina
1377:Felton
1322:Aromas
934:
673:; and
629:relict
370:, and
268:Mexico
172:, and
170:Carmel
1476:AMBAG
1317:Aptos
1021:U.S.
841:White
633:mesic
453:roque
264:Spain
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