549:
475:
348:
588:
780:
450:, however due to heavy seas and conditions, the attack was delayed until the next day. The next day, the French fleet bombarded Moroccan fortifications and batteries which could not retaliate. The bombardments continued throughout the next day, however by 28 June, several Moroccan vessels encircled the French fleet and inflicted heavy losses upon it, defeating the French expedition. The Moroccans only had casualties of 30 men, while the French had casualties of 200 killed, 49 captured, and 300 lost.
700:, she was Scorcian or Geonese and former harem slave concubine of Sidi Mohammed whom he ended up marrying. Accounts differ about her narrative, some state that aged 7 when her family was freed by the Bey of Tunis, on their way home they were captured by Moroccans and re-sold to slavery. They entered the services of Sidi Mohammed and her family ended up being freed but she was kept as a slave concubine because she caught his attention. Another account state that with her mother, aboard a ship from
747:, she was an English slave captive who in 1756 was sold to his harem in the first years of his reign. She reportedly disliked him a lot and made her behavior dislikable to him so that it would fade his interest in her and make him free her. In the end Sidi Mohammed grudgingly granted her freedom and permission to leave the country.
805:) was developed by Sidi Mohammed in 1769, with an estimated population of about 12,000. It was developed as the principal port for external trade to strengthen central authority to limit the intervention of Europeans. Rabat was also built to become an imperial city during Sidi Mohammed's reign, including the
618:. Shortly after, the sultan announced that he did not confiscate the ship nor cargo, and that the ship, the cargo, and the men would be released once a treaty was concluded with the United States. The seizure of the ship led to the Americans having to take action and preparing for negotiations with Morocco.
708:
they shipwrecked on the cost of
Morocco, they were kept the Sultan's captives and some induced Sidi Mohammed to order her to be forcibly taken from her mother. Despite her only being 8 years old she was kept as his slave concubine. In 1789 Lampriere records that she was Sidi Mohammed's favorite wife.
418:
between 1776 and 1782 and an outbreak of plague between 1779 and 1780, which killed many
Moroccans and forced the sultan to import wheat, reduce taxes, and distribute food and funds to locals and tribal leaders in order to alleviate the suffering. By now, however, the improved authority of the sultan
764:
by a wealthy
Moroccan who wanted to gift her to the Sultan to gain his favor. As his harem slave concubine she immediately caught Sidi Mohammed's attention and became his favorite. Sources even stipulate he ended up marrying her. They had two sons, who were assassinated by
514:, two Spanish squads blocked the Strait of Gibraltar to prevent any British support from aiding the Moroccan troops. In 1775, a British convoy carrying war material on the way to Melilla was intercepted and captured by the Spanish Navy. At the same time, the troops of the
769:
upon his ascension. But despite her narrative some doubt she really ever resided in
Morocco as Dr Lempriere who was given permission to visit Sidi Mohammed's harem in 1789 recounted no presence of a Scottish slave concubine or wife named
497:
but eventually lost due to a frustrating blockade imposed by the Dutch, and the loss of his best 2 ships. On 9 December 1774, Sidi
Mohammed assembled an army of 30,000 to 40,000 men and powerful artillery and began a bombardment of
502:. Spanish reinforcements disembarked in Melilla, and 117 new guns and mortars were installed. Part of the civilian population of Melilla was escorted on 16 December by a French ship which brought reinforcements from
1396:
Kitâb
Elistiqsâ li-Akhbâri doual Elmâgrib Elaqsâ [" Le livre de la recherche approfondie des événements des dynasties de l'extrême Magrib "], vol. IX : Chronique de la dynastie alaouie au Maroc
1589:
A Tour from
Gibraltar to Tangier: Sallee, Mogodore, Santa Cruz, Tarudant; and Thence, Over Mount Atlas, to Morocco: Including a Particular Account of the Royal Harem, &c. By William Lempriere, Surgeon
548:
681:(The Lady of the House), she was held in high esteem by the people. Her children were Moulay Mohammed Ali the eldest of Sidi Mohammed's sons, Moulay Abdelmalik, Moulay El Mamoun (a.k.a. Maimun),
760:, the accounts of her biography and the fact that she ever set foot on Moroccan soil is doubted upon. However, her narrative was that she was a Scottish slave captive who in 1769 was bought in
518:
began to encroach on
Morocco's eastern borders. Spanish troops resisted the attack over a period of 100 days, over which time some 12,000 projectiles were lobbed onto the city.General
2661:
1034:
2464:
1343:. University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign. : Office of Public Communication, Bureau of Public Affairs : For sale by the Supt. of Docs., U.S. G.P.O. pp. 214–219.
713:
His other wives' full names are not recorded, only partially their family name by indicating from which tribe they hailed from. Sidi
Mohammed's other wedded wives were:
2674:
2669:
390:
as sultan, but the latter soon changed his mind and was reconciled with his father. After, Sidi
Mohammed dispersed the Black Guard contingents to garrisons in
661:
Sidi Mohammed was polygamous and had a harem of slave concubines. His sons by marriage and by harem slave concubines ruled after him. His wedded wives were:
649:
in July 1787. The treaty has withstood transatlantic stresses and strains for more than 236 years, making it the longest unbroken treaty relationship in the
1661:
669:, their wedding date is unknown, but they were married when he was still a prince. She was his cousin, and her father, Moulay Suleiman, is either a son of
336:
2692:
335:
of the mountains who attacked the plains during the succession crisis, while the power of the 'Abid declined as they abandoned their military positions.
1336:
2656:
2489:
1904:
1697:
1789:
1644:
1563:
1838:
363:
In 1760, Mohammed witnessed a revolt by the Wadaya against his authority, who had supported his father. Mohammed then marched with an army to
2181:
2085:
2611:
2484:
902:
622:
591:
543:
2828:
2803:
2504:
1805:
Bennison, Amira K. (2007). "ʿAlawī dynasty". In Fleet, Kate; Krämer, Gudrun; Matringe, Denis; Nawas, John; Rowson, Everett (eds.).
2494:
367:
where he defeated the Wadaya contingents and arrested their leaders. After this, the Wadaya were split up and were garrisoned in
1337:
United States. Dept. of State. Office of Media Services; United States. Dept. of State. Office of Public Communication (1939).
494:
482:
2823:
1733:
969:
289:'le Conciliateur' through correspondence and Unzaga's secret intelligence service and led by his brothers-in-law Antonio and
474:
2833:
733:
A third lady of the Ahlaf tribe, their wedding date is unknown. Her sons were another Moulay Hassan and Moulay Abdelqader.
1604:"CORBARA, village touristique du littoral Corse situé en Balagne, entre l'Ile Rousse et Calvi - Personnages Historiques"
2813:
2401:
598:
Due to the continued delays of the American government in negotiating a treaty with Morocco, Sidi Mohammed issued the
2798:
2426:
2411:
2194:
2023:
1946:
1927:
1881:
1814:
1072:
530:
mercenaries. The siege ended on 19 March with the Spaniards suffering casualties of 600 killed or wounded. With the
347:
2381:
1833:
1603:
441:
1723:
2641:
2544:
2509:
2499:
2346:
2321:
2078:
1436:
The present state of the empire of Morocco: Its animals, products,...The history of the dynasties since Edris...
625:, also known as the Treaty of Marrakesh, was signed on 28 June 1786. It was the first treaty signed between the
2843:
2818:
2539:
2000:
1862:
599:
750:
A Spanish slave captive, possibly renamed Lalla Sargetta she was the favorite of Sidi Mohammed. Her sons were
2585:
646:
534:
in 1780, Morocco recognised Spanish rule over Melilla, however Spain ceded territories to Morocco in return.
568:
was instructed by the Sidi Mohammed to write letters on his behalf to the European merchants and consuls in
556:
to Mohammed bin Abdallah in appreciation of the Treaty of Peace and Friendship, signed in Marrakech in 1787.
2421:
2416:
2406:
2199:
717:
A Howariya lady of the Howara from the Sais, their wedding date in unknown. Her son was Moulay Abdelrahman.
650:
2808:
2431:
2371:
2783:
1701:
1434:
1035:"Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah's Diplomatic Initiatives towards the United States 1777-1786: Direct Reasons"
2572:
2391:
2071:
2015:
1896:
1450:
871:
666:
478:
129:
720:
A lady of the Ahlaf tribe, their wedding date is unknown. Her sons were Moulay Hassan and Moulay Omar.
587:
2396:
2341:
2275:
2094:
892:
642:
531:
422:
Mohammed was interested in scholarly pursuits and also cultivated a productive relationship with the
236:
37:
1968:
1522:
2848:
2702:
2285:
2173:
1474:
723:
A lady of the Elfeth family of Rabat, their wedding date is unknown. Her son was Moulay Abdelwahed.
686:
507:
468:
1498:
2728:
2351:
810:
339:, the former town built for the 'Abid, was pillaged and left in ruins by the neighboring tribes.
1338:
2838:
2759:
2707:
2366:
1010:
863:
817:
806:
320:
Upon the accession of Mohammed III, peace and stability were restored. Aware of the disastrous
252:
110:
677:. Lalla Fatima was Sidi Mohammed's chief wedded wife, contemporary sources referred to her as
2743:
2646:
2562:
2436:
1587:
290:
281:) in 1769. He is notable for having been the leader of one of the first nations to recognize
1394:
1062:
584:, declaring that any vessel sailing under the American flag can freely enter Moroccan ports.
2793:
2788:
2751:
2723:
2631:
2361:
2306:
1306:
690:
674:
523:
1549:
Le Maroc de 1631 à 1812 / de Aboulqâsem ben Ahmed Ezziâni; publié et traduit par O. Houdas
736:
A lady of the Beni Hsen tribe, their wedding date is unknown. Her son was Moulay Abdallah.
614:
on its way back to the United States. The ship and crew was captured and taken hostage to
410:, where they continued to cause trouble until 1782. These disturbances were compounded by
8:
2738:
2715:
2651:
2441:
2237:
2120:
2038:
847:
697:
682:
315:
294:
282:
180:
147:
133:
56:
1630:
Voyage dans l'empire de Maroc et le royaume de Fez, fait pendant les années 1790 et 1791
2697:
2580:
2557:
2534:
2529:
2386:
2311:
2165:
2141:
2128:
2112:
1852:
1638:
1557:
942:
897:
875:
727:
446:
On 25 June 1765, a French fleet of 16 warships and several vessels arrived in front of
437:
272:
271:
described him as "the architect of modern Morocco." He also defeated the French in the
157:
784:
526:
began to break the siege, a situation exacerbated by the desertion of Sidi Mohammed's
2636:
2331:
2280:
2222:
2212:
2045:
2019:
1996:
1979:
1942:
1923:
1877:
1858:
1810:
1729:
1068:
975:
965:
887:
670:
553:
503:
244:
170:
140:
33:
1096:
2733:
2687:
2474:
2301:
2262:
2133:
2055:
867:
843:
824:
led to the Portuguese evacuating it. Sidi Mohammed rebuilt the town and renamed it
766:
751:
428:, or Muslim religious scholars, who supported some of his initiatives and reforms.
387:
151:
66:
1547:
740:
Sultan Sidi Mohammed III had a harem of slave concubines, the ones recorded were:
251:
around 1750. He was also briefly sultan in 1748. He rebuilt many cities after the
2552:
2356:
2316:
2267:
2252:
2232:
2189:
2149:
2102:
1957:
1908:
1749:
994:
831:
779:
744:
527:
268:
220:
208:
86:
1893:
The Cambridge History of Africa: From c. 1600 to c. 1790, edited by Richard Gray
1628:
453:
In 1769, threatened by an invasion by Sidi Mohammed, the Portuguese governor of
2600:
2590:
2567:
2446:
2376:
2293:
515:
490:
286:
979:
726:
Another lady of the Ahlaf tribe, their wedding date is unknown. Her sons were
2777:
2621:
2519:
2242:
2227:
1983:
626:
607:
561:
519:
386:
in the north. The Black Guard resisted him and attempted to proclaim his son
352:
1662:"On this day 1750: Scottish farm girl who became Empress of Morocco is born"
946:
2157:
1064:
Capitalizing on the Morocco-US Free Trade Agreement: A Road Map for Success
603:
364:
228:
1722:
Ewan, Elizabeth L.; Innes, Sue; Reynolds, Sian; Pipes, Rose (2007-06-27).
1414:
757:
419:
allowed the central government to weather these difficulties and crises.
375:
321:
190:
1546:
Zayyānī, Abū al-Qāsim ibn Aḥmad al- (1734-1833) Auteur du texte (1886).
1224:
826:
821:
260:
560:
On 20 December 1777, Morocco became the first nation to recognize the
1874:
Trente ans d'anarchie : le Maroc après la mort de Moulay Isma'il
796:
788:
645:
and the sultan, then by Jefferson and Adams, and was ratified by the
581:
463:
454:
403:
356:
276:
256:
248:
2063:
1791:
Archives marocaines: publication de la Mission scientifique du Maroc
1794:(in French). Librairie Ancienne Honoré Champion. 1906. p. 102.
1854:
Matthijs Sloot : een zeeman uit de achttiende eeuw, 1719-1779
611:
874:. Yazid eventually died in 1792 and was succeeded by his brother
761:
630:
615:
577:
569:
511:
499:
447:
411:
395:
391:
383:
332:
240:
165:
118:
1969:"La guerra justa y la declaración de guerra a Marruecos de 1774"
573:
565:
1993:
Melillerías: paseos por la historia de Melilla (siglos XV a XX)
1393:
trans. from Arabic by Eugène Fumet, Ahmed ben Khâled Ennâsiri.
1277:
1275:
1101:. Robarts - University of Toronto. Paris A. Colin. p. 237.
853:
705:
638:
564:
as an independent nation. On the same day, the Dutch consol in
458:
415:
379:
368:
232:
98:
1392:
858:
701:
634:
424:
399:
328:
325:
298:
264:
114:
1272:
1122:
1120:
407:
1976:
Norba / Revista de Historía [Elektronische Ressource]
1156:
82:
1262:
1260:
1258:
1256:
1144:
1132:
1117:
1627:
Lempriere, William (1763-1834) Auteur du texte (1801).
1241:
1180:
461:
to immediately evacuate the city. The city was renamed
1770:
1721:
1287:
1168:
1253:
1192:
656:
602:, and on 11 October 1784, the Moroccans captured the
834:
described him as "the architect of modern Morocco".
813:
even though both have been much altered since then.
800:
783:
Mohammed bin Abdallah employed the French architect
481:
negotiating the treaty with Mohammed III to end the
1758:
1698:"Helen Gloag Feature Page on Undiscovered Scotland"
1204:
537:
1105:
960:Blondeau, Mathilde; Ouzzani, Kenza Joundy (2016).
915:
641:country. It was signed first by American diplomat
467:(الجديدة; "the new") soon after. The later sultan
293:from the Canary Islands. He was the son of Mawlay
275:in 1765 and expelled the Portuguese from Mazagan (
1903:
1098:Le Maroc d'aujourd'hui [par] Eugène Aubin
939:The History of the Maghrib: An Interpretive Essay
693:in 1768, Lalla Sitt'al'Mulk and Moulay Abdeselam.
2775:
1754:. E.L. Garvin & Company. 1844. p. 521.
959:
431:
2012:A history of the Maghrib in the Islamic period
1439:Johnson Reprint Corporation. pp. 312–313.
852:Mohammed bin Abdallah died on 9 April 1790 in
351:Coins of Sidi Mohammed bin Abdallah, 1760–67 (
2079:
936:
1905:Bidé de Maurville, François-Joseph-Hippolyte
24:
1939:Admiral de Grasse and American Independence
1728:. Edinburgh University Press. p. 137.
1643:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
1562:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
1095:Descos, Léon Eugène Aubin Coullard (1904).
941:. Princeton University Press. p. 276.
689:, Lalla Sofia, Lalla Lubabah - she married
378:from power by ordering their transfer from
342:
2086:
2072:
2009:
1990:
1966:
1626:
1585:
1293:
1281:
1186:
1174:
1162:
1150:
1138:
1126:
992:
937:LAROUI, ABDALLAH; Manheim, Ralph (1977).
374:Later, in 1775, he tried to distance the
1962:. Nouvelles Editions Latines Publishing.
1804:
1725:Biographical Dictionary of ScottishWomen
1592:. J. Walter; and sold. pp. 375–377.
1402:(in French). Ernest Leroux. p. 362.
1307:"Siege of Melilla, 1774 (Morocco-Spain)"
1225:"Portuguese City of Mazagan (El Jadida)"
778:
586:
547:
473:
346:
1995:(in Spanish). Ayuntamiento de Melilla.
1955:
1917:
1871:
1776:
1545:
1432:
1266:
1198:
1015:U.S. Embassy & Consulate in Morocco
921:
2776:
1850:
1412:
1388:
1386:
1384:
1382:
1380:
1378:
1376:
1247:
1094:
903:Moroccan–American Treaty of Friendship
866:of Rabat. He was succeeded by his son
623:Moroccan–American Treaty of Friendship
592:Moroccan–American Treaty of Friendship
544:Moroccan–American Treaty of Friendship
324:, he restored the significance of the
2093:
2067:
1936:
1876:(in French). Paris: Éditions Perrin.
1807:Encyclopaedia of Islam, Third Edition
1798:
1692:
1690:
1688:
1686:
1684:
1682:
1656:
1654:
1581:
1579:
1577:
1575:
1573:
1428:
1426:
1332:
1330:
1328:
1326:
1210:
243:from 1757 to 1790 as a member of the
1913:(in French). Amsterdam. p. 398.
1890:
1764:
1111:
1057:
1055:
932:
930:
2575:(Abu Marwan Abd al-Malik ibn Zidan)
1373:
730:, Moulay Ettayeb and Moulay Moussa.
297:and his wife a lady of the Chéraga
224:
212:
25:
13:
2547:(Abu Marwan Abd al-Malik al-Ghazi)
1679:
1651:
1570:
1423:
1323:
1222:
657:Marriages, concubines and children
14:
2860:
1052:
1011:"History of the U.S. and Morocco"
953:
927:
2427:Ahmad ibn Ibrahim (al-Mustansir)
2412:Ahmad ibn Ibrahim (al-Mustansir)
1910:Relation de l'affaire de Larache
1340:The Department of State bulletin
996:Relation de l'affaire de Larache
872:besieged Ceuta from 1790 to 1791
538:Relations with the United States
2829:18th-century monarchs in Africa
2804:Moroccan people of Arab descent
2347:Abu Yusuf Yaqub ibn Abd al-Haqq
1991:Domínguez, Constantino (1993).
1959:The Spanish Enclaves in Morocco
1844:
1782:
1742:
1715:
1620:
1596:
1539:
1515:
1491:
1467:
1443:
1406:
1360:
1347:
1299:
1223:Centre, UNESCO World Heritage.
1216:
774:
471:(1822–1859) restored the city.
2465:Muhammad ibn Ali Amrani-Joutey
2422:Muhammad ibn Ahmad (al-Wathiq)
1978:(in Spanish). Norba Historia.
1355:Thomas Barclay (1728–1793)...,
1088:
1027:
1003:
986:
600:Moroccan seizure of the Betsey
495:Dutch–Moroccan War (1775–1777)
309:
1:
2586:Mohammed esh-Sheikh es-Seghir
2495:Ali ibn Muhammad (Abu Hassun)
1827:
647:Congress of the Confederation
16:Sultan of Morocco (1710–1790)
2824:18th-century Moroccan people
2710:(Muhammad ibn Abd al-Rahman)
2407:Muhammad III ibn Abd al-Aziz
1700:. 2007-10-21. Archived from
1229:UNESCO World Heritage Centre
856:, and was buried in a small
651:history of the United States
442:Siege of Melilla (1774–1775)
432:Conflicts with the Europeans
231:and died on 9 April 1790 in
213:سيدي محمد بن عبد الله الخطيب
7:
2372:Abu al-Hasan Ali ibn Othman
1967:Fernández, Manuela (2017).
1937:Lewis, Charles Lee (1980).
1920:Suffren: un destin inachevé
1586:Lempriere, William (1793).
993:Maurville, Bidé de (1775).
881:
801:
787:to build the model city of
709:Her son was Moulay Ibrahim.
687:Sultan Moulay Abd al-Rahman
594:(Treaty of Marrakesh), 1786
485:(19th-century illustration)
10:
2865:
2729:Abd al-Hafid ibn al-Hassan
2176:(Yahya ibn Idris ibn Umar)
2016:Cambridge University Press
1922:(in French). p. 494.
1897:Cambridge University Press
1433:Chénier, Louis de (1788).
962:Casablanca courts-circuits
893:List of sultans of Morocco
841:
667:Lalla Fatima bint Suleiman
541:
435:
313:
130:Lalla Fatima bint Suleiman
2814:Royalty from Fez, Morocco
2724:Abd al-Aziz ibn al-Hassan
2620:
2612:Muhammad al-Haj ad-Dila'i
2599:
2518:
2473:
2455:
2342:Abu Yahya ibn Abd al-Haqq
2330:
2296:(Abd al-Wahid al-Makhluʿ)
2251:
2211:
2101:
2052:
2043:
2035:
2010:Abun-Nasr, Jamil (1987).
1368:General History of Africa
818:Lisbon earthquake of 1755
247:. He was the governor of
186:
176:
164:
139:
125:
105:
92:
76:
72:
62:
52:
44:
32:
21:
2799:18th-century Arab people
2762:(Muhammad ibn al-Hassan)
2718:(Al-Hassan ibn Muhammad)
2703:Abd al-Rahman ibn Hisham
2675:Zin al-Abidin ibn Ismail
1956:Rezette, Robert (1976).
1872:Abitbol, Michel (2009).
1419:(in Arabic). p. 30.
908:
837:
820:which destroyed most of
562:United States of America
343:Restoration of authority
304:
2834:'Alawi dynasty monarchs
2682:(Muhammad ibn Abdallah)
2647:Abd al-Malik ibn Ismail
2352:Abu Yaqub Yusuf an-Nasr
2202:(al-Hasan ibn al-Qasim)
2195:Abu'l-Aysh ibn al-Qasim
2184:(al-Hasan ibn Muhammad)
685:- he was the father of
489:He declared war on the
331:. He also pacified the
2670:Al-Mustadi' ibn Ismail
2540:Muhammad al-Mutawakkil
2447:Abd al-Haqq ibn Uthman
2382:Abu Zayyan Muhammad II
1918:Monaque, Rémi (2009).
1891:Gray, Richard (1975).
1834:Morocco Alaoui dynasty
1451:"AbdulMalik Al Hassan"
792:
728:Sultan Moulay Sulayman
595:
557:
486:
360:
355:1182–1189), minted in
158:Sultan Moulay Sulayman
96:9 April 1790 (aged 80)
2844:Moroccan slave owners
2819:People from Marrakesh
2754:(Hassan ibn Muhammad)
2698:Suleiman ibn Muhammad
2688:Al-Yazid ibn Muhammad
2664:(Muhammad ibn Ismail)
2563:Abdallah al-Ghalib II
2490:Muhammad ibn Muhammad
2432:Abd al-Aziz ibn Ahmad
1857:(in Dutch). Nijhoff.
782:
590:
551:
477:
457:received orders from
350:
285:in his alliance with
283:American independence
202:Mohammed ben Abdallah
22:Mohammed bin Abdallah
2746:(Muhammad ibn Yusuf)
2362:Abu al-Rabi Sulayman
2288:(Yusuf al-Mustansir)
2190:Al-Qasim ibn Ibrahim
2168:(Yahya ibn al-Qasim)
2144:(Yahya ibn Muhammad)
2115:(Idris ibn Abdallah)
795:The present city of
148:Sultan Moulay Hisham
2734:Yusuf ibn al-Hassan
2693:Hisham ibn Muhammad
2652:Abdallah ibn Ismail
2402:Abd al-Aziz ibn Ali
2367:Abu Sa'id Uthman II
2238:Ibrahim ibn Tashfin
1523:"Lubabah Al Hassan"
848:Sulayman of Morocco
754:and Moulay Moslama.
752:Sultan Moulay Yazid
698:Marthe Franceschini
696:Lalla Dawiya, born
316:Abdallah of Morocco
295:Abdallah bin Ismail
227:), born in 1710 in
181:Abdallah bin Ismail
152:Sultan Moulay Yazid
145:Moulay Mohammed Ali
57:Abdallah bin Ismail
2809:Sultans of Morocco
2739:Muhammad ibn Arafa
2581:Al-Walid ibn Zidan
2558:Abu Faris Abdallah
2535:Abdallah al-Ghalib
2530:Mohammed al-Shaykh
2510:Ahmad ibn Muhammad
2505:Muhammad ibn Ahmad
2500:Ahmad ibn Muhammad
2485:Muhammad ibn Yahya
2437:Abdallah ibn Ahmad
2387:Abu Bakr ibn Faris
2136:(Ali ibn Muhammad)
2129:Muhammad ibn Idris
1839:History of Morocco
1751:The Anglo American
1475:"Maimun Al Hassan"
1284:, p. 144–148.
1039:Morocco World News
898:History of Morocco
793:
596:
558:
532:Treaty of Aranjuez
487:
483:Dutch-Moroccan War
438:Larache expedition
361:
273:Larache expedition
253:earthquake of 1755
67:Yazid bin Mohammed
2771:
2770:
2632:Al-Rashid ibn Ali
2478:(1471–1549, 1554)
2456:Idrisid interlude
2307:Yahya al-Mu'tasim
2302:Abdallah al-ʿAdil
2281:Muhammad al-Nasir
2270:(Abu Yaqub Yusuf)
2223:Yusuf ibn Tashfin
2213:Almoravid dynasty
2152:(Yahya ibn Yahya)
2123:(Idris ibn Idris)
2095:Rulers of Morocco
2062:
2061:
2053:Succeeded by
2046:Sultan of Morocco
1851:Veenendaal, A.J.
1735:978-0-7486-2660-1
1499:"Sofia Al Hassan"
971:978-9954-37-750-5
888:Mohammed al-Duayf
830:(الدار البيضاء).
554:George Washington
196:
195:
34:Sultan of Morocco
2856:
2763:
2755:
2747:
2719:
2711:
2683:
2665:
2642:Ahmad ibn Ismail
2576:
2573:Abd al-Malik II
2548:
2475:Wattasid dynasty
2442:Uthman ibn Ahmad
2322:Said al-Muʿtadid
2297:
2289:
2271:
2203:
2185:
2177:
2169:
2161:
2153:
2145:
2137:
2124:
2116:
2088:
2081:
2074:
2065:
2064:
2036:Preceded by
2033:
2032:
2029:
2006:
1987:
1973:
1963:
1952:
1933:
1914:
1900:
1887:
1868:
1821:
1820:
1802:
1796:
1795:
1786:
1780:
1774:
1768:
1762:
1756:
1755:
1746:
1740:
1739:
1719:
1713:
1712:
1710:
1709:
1694:
1677:
1676:
1674:
1673:
1666:www.scotsman.com
1658:
1649:
1648:
1642:
1634:
1624:
1618:
1617:
1615:
1614:
1600:
1594:
1593:
1583:
1568:
1567:
1561:
1553:
1543:
1537:
1536:
1534:
1533:
1527:geni_family_tree
1519:
1513:
1512:
1510:
1509:
1503:geni_family_tree
1495:
1489:
1488:
1486:
1485:
1479:geni_family_tree
1471:
1465:
1464:
1462:
1461:
1455:geni_family_tree
1447:
1441:
1440:
1430:
1421:
1420:
1410:
1404:
1403:
1401:
1390:
1371:
1364:
1358:
1351:
1345:
1344:
1334:
1321:
1320:
1318:
1317:
1303:
1297:
1291:
1285:
1279:
1270:
1264:
1251:
1250:, p. 39-46.
1245:
1239:
1238:
1236:
1235:
1220:
1214:
1208:
1202:
1196:
1190:
1184:
1178:
1172:
1166:
1160:
1154:
1148:
1142:
1136:
1130:
1124:
1115:
1109:
1103:
1102:
1092:
1086:
1085:
1083:
1081:
1059:
1050:
1049:
1047:
1046:
1031:
1025:
1024:
1022:
1021:
1007:
1001:
1000:
990:
984:
983:
957:
951:
950:
934:
925:
919:
844:Yazid of Morocco
827:al-Dār al-Bayḍāʼ
804:
524:Ultonia Regiment
291:Matías de Gálvez
226:
214:
28:
27:
26:محمد بن عبد الله
19:
18:
2864:
2863:
2859:
2858:
2857:
2855:
2854:
2853:
2849:Sons of sultans
2774:
2773:
2772:
2767:
2761:
2753:
2745:
2717:
2709:
2681:
2663:
2624:
2616:
2604:
2595:
2574:
2553:Ahmad al-Mansur
2546:
2545:Abd al-Malik I
2522:
2514:
2477:
2469:
2457:
2451:
2397:Tashfin ibn Ali
2392:Ibrahim ibn Ali
2357:Abu Thabit Amir
2334:
2332:Marinid dynasty
2326:
2317:Abd al-Wahid II
2312:Idris al-Ma'mun
2295:
2294:Abd al-Wahid I
2287:
2276:Yaqub al-Mansur
2269:
2255:
2253:Almohad dynasty
2247:
2233:Tashfin ibn Ali
2215:
2207:
2201:
2183:
2175:
2167:
2159:
2151:
2143:
2135:
2122:
2114:
2105:
2103:Idrisid dynasty
2097:
2092:
2058:
2049:
2041:
2026:
2003:
1971:
1949:
1941:. p. 404.
1930:
1884:
1865:
1847:
1830:
1825:
1824:
1817:
1803:
1799:
1788:
1787:
1783:
1775:
1771:
1763:
1759:
1748:
1747:
1743:
1736:
1720:
1716:
1707:
1705:
1696:
1695:
1680:
1671:
1669:
1660:
1659:
1652:
1636:
1635:
1625:
1621:
1612:
1610:
1602:
1601:
1597:
1584:
1571:
1555:
1554:
1544:
1540:
1531:
1529:
1521:
1520:
1516:
1507:
1505:
1497:
1496:
1492:
1483:
1481:
1473:
1472:
1468:
1459:
1457:
1449:
1448:
1444:
1431:
1424:
1411:
1407:
1399:
1391:
1374:
1365:
1361:
1352:
1348:
1335:
1324:
1315:
1313:
1305:
1304:
1300:
1292:
1288:
1280:
1273:
1265:
1254:
1246:
1242:
1233:
1231:
1221:
1217:
1209:
1205:
1197:
1193:
1185:
1181:
1173:
1169:
1165:, p. xiii.
1161:
1157:
1149:
1145:
1137:
1133:
1125:
1118:
1110:
1106:
1093:
1089:
1079:
1077:
1075:
1061:
1060:
1053:
1044:
1042:
1033:
1032:
1028:
1019:
1017:
1009:
1008:
1004:
991:
987:
972:
958:
954:
935:
928:
920:
916:
911:
884:
850:
842:Main articles:
840:
832:Abdallah Laroui
811:As-Sunna Mosque
809:palace and the
785:Théodore Cornut
777:
745:Elizabeth Marsh
659:
546:
540:
493:, known as the
444:
434:
345:
337:Mashra' al-Raml
318:
312:
307:
269:Abdallah Laroui
160:
156:
154:
150:
146:
132:
121:
97:
81:
40:
23:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2862:
2852:
2851:
2846:
2841:
2836:
2831:
2826:
2821:
2816:
2811:
2806:
2801:
2796:
2791:
2786:
2784:'Alawi dynasty
2769:
2768:
2766:
2765:
2757:
2749:
2741:
2736:
2731:
2726:
2721:
2713:
2705:
2700:
2695:
2690:
2685:
2677:
2672:
2667:
2659:
2657:Ali ibn Ismail
2654:
2649:
2644:
2639:
2637:Ismail ibn Ali
2634:
2628:
2626:
2625:(1666–present)
2618:
2617:
2615:
2614:
2608:
2606:
2597:
2596:
2594:
2593:
2591:Ahmad al-Abbas
2588:
2583:
2578:
2570:
2568:Zidan al-Nasir
2565:
2560:
2555:
2550:
2542:
2537:
2532:
2526:
2524:
2516:
2515:
2513:
2512:
2507:
2502:
2497:
2492:
2487:
2481:
2479:
2471:
2470:
2468:
2467:
2461:
2459:
2453:
2452:
2450:
2449:
2444:
2439:
2434:
2429:
2424:
2419:
2417:Musa ibn Faris
2414:
2409:
2404:
2399:
2394:
2389:
2384:
2379:
2377:Abu Inan Faris
2374:
2369:
2364:
2359:
2354:
2349:
2344:
2338:
2336:
2328:
2327:
2325:
2324:
2319:
2314:
2309:
2304:
2299:
2291:
2283:
2278:
2273:
2265:
2259:
2257:
2249:
2248:
2246:
2245:
2240:
2235:
2230:
2225:
2219:
2217:
2209:
2208:
2206:
2205:
2197:
2192:
2187:
2179:
2171:
2163:
2160:(Ali ibn Umar)
2155:
2147:
2139:
2131:
2126:
2118:
2109:
2107:
2099:
2098:
2091:
2090:
2083:
2076:
2068:
2060:
2059:
2054:
2051:
2042:
2037:
2031:
2030:
2024:
2007:
2001:
1988:
1964:
1953:
1947:
1934:
1928:
1915:
1901:
1888:
1882:
1869:
1863:
1846:
1843:
1842:
1841:
1836:
1829:
1826:
1823:
1822:
1815:
1797:
1781:
1779:, p. 278.
1769:
1767:, p. 147.
1757:
1741:
1734:
1714:
1678:
1650:
1633:. p. 305.
1619:
1608:www.corbara.fr
1595:
1569:
1552:. p. 143.
1538:
1514:
1490:
1466:
1442:
1422:
1405:
1372:
1370:, pp. 231–232.
1359:
1346:
1322:
1298:
1294:Fernández 2017
1286:
1282:Domínguez 1993
1271:
1252:
1240:
1215:
1203:
1191:
1187:Maurville 1775
1179:
1175:Maurville 1775
1167:
1163:Maurville 1775
1155:
1153:, p. xii.
1151:Maurville 1775
1143:
1141:, p. 241.
1139:Abun-Nasr 1987
1131:
1129:, p. 240.
1127:Abun-Nasr 1987
1116:
1114:, p. 164.
1104:
1087:
1073:
1051:
1026:
1002:
985:
970:
952:
926:
913:
912:
910:
907:
906:
905:
900:
895:
890:
883:
880:
864:Dar al-Makhzen
839:
836:
807:Dar al-Makhzen
776:
773:
772:
771:
755:
748:
738:
737:
734:
731:
724:
721:
718:
711:
710:
694:
658:
655:
643:Thomas Barclay
610:after it left
606:merchant ship
542:Main article:
539:
536:
516:Ottoman Empire
510:'s promise of
491:Dutch republic
433:
430:
344:
341:
311:
308:
306:
303:
287:Luis de Unzaga
245:'Alawi dynasty
194:
193:
188:
184:
183:
178:
174:
173:
171:'Alawi dynasty
168:
162:
161:
143:
137:
136:
127:
123:
122:
111:Dar al-Makhzen
109:
107:
103:
102:
94:
90:
89:
78:
74:
73:
70:
69:
64:
60:
59:
54:
50:
49:
46:
42:
41:
36:
30:
29:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2861:
2850:
2847:
2845:
2842:
2840:
2839:City founders
2837:
2835:
2832:
2830:
2827:
2825:
2822:
2820:
2817:
2815:
2812:
2810:
2807:
2805:
2802:
2800:
2797:
2795:
2792:
2790:
2787:
2785:
2782:
2781:
2779:
2764:
2758:
2756:
2750:
2748:
2742:
2740:
2737:
2735:
2732:
2730:
2727:
2725:
2722:
2720:
2714:
2712:
2706:
2704:
2701:
2699:
2696:
2694:
2691:
2689:
2686:
2684:
2680:Muhammad III
2678:
2676:
2673:
2671:
2668:
2666:
2660:
2658:
2655:
2653:
2650:
2648:
2645:
2643:
2640:
2638:
2635:
2633:
2630:
2629:
2627:
2623:
2622:Alawi dynasty
2619:
2613:
2610:
2609:
2607:
2602:
2598:
2592:
2589:
2587:
2584:
2582:
2579:
2577:
2571:
2569:
2566:
2564:
2561:
2559:
2556:
2554:
2551:
2549:
2543:
2541:
2538:
2536:
2533:
2531:
2528:
2527:
2525:
2521:
2520:Saadi dynasty
2517:
2511:
2508:
2506:
2503:
2501:
2498:
2496:
2493:
2491:
2488:
2486:
2483:
2482:
2480:
2476:
2472:
2466:
2463:
2462:
2460:
2454:
2448:
2445:
2443:
2440:
2438:
2435:
2433:
2430:
2428:
2425:
2423:
2420:
2418:
2415:
2413:
2410:
2408:
2405:
2403:
2400:
2398:
2395:
2393:
2390:
2388:
2385:
2383:
2380:
2378:
2375:
2373:
2370:
2368:
2365:
2363:
2360:
2358:
2355:
2353:
2350:
2348:
2345:
2343:
2340:
2339:
2337:
2333:
2329:
2323:
2320:
2318:
2315:
2313:
2310:
2308:
2305:
2303:
2300:
2298:
2292:
2290:
2284:
2282:
2279:
2277:
2274:
2272:
2266:
2264:
2263:Abd al-Mu'min
2261:
2260:
2258:
2254:
2250:
2244:
2243:Ishaq ibn Ali
2241:
2239:
2236:
2234:
2231:
2229:
2228:Ali ibn Yusuf
2226:
2224:
2221:
2220:
2218:
2214:
2210:
2204:
2198:
2196:
2193:
2191:
2188:
2186:
2180:
2178:
2172:
2170:
2164:
2162:
2156:
2154:
2148:
2146:
2140:
2138:
2132:
2130:
2127:
2125:
2119:
2117:
2111:
2110:
2108:
2104:
2100:
2096:
2089:
2084:
2082:
2077:
2075:
2070:
2069:
2066:
2057:
2048:
2047:
2040:
2034:
2027:
2025:9780521337670
2021:
2017:
2013:
2008:
2004:
1998:
1994:
1989:
1985:
1981:
1977:
1970:
1965:
1961:
1960:
1954:
1950:
1948:9780405130427
1944:
1940:
1935:
1931:
1929:9782847343335
1925:
1921:
1916:
1912:
1911:
1906:
1902:
1898:
1894:
1889:
1885:
1883:9782262023881
1879:
1875:
1870:
1866:
1860:
1856:
1855:
1849:
1848:
1840:
1837:
1835:
1832:
1831:
1818:
1816:9789004150171
1812:
1808:
1801:
1793:
1792:
1785:
1778:
1773:
1766:
1761:
1753:
1752:
1745:
1737:
1731:
1727:
1726:
1718:
1704:on 2007-10-21
1703:
1699:
1693:
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1689:
1687:
1685:
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1667:
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1655:
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1504:
1500:
1494:
1480:
1476:
1470:
1456:
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1446:
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1429:
1427:
1418:
1417:
1409:
1398:
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1385:
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1381:
1379:
1377:
1369:
1363:
1356:
1350:
1342:
1341:
1333:
1331:
1329:
1327:
1312:
1308:
1302:
1295:
1290:
1283:
1278:
1276:
1269:, p. 42.
1268:
1263:
1261:
1259:
1257:
1249:
1244:
1230:
1226:
1219:
1213:, p. 43.
1212:
1207:
1201:, p. 89.
1200:
1195:
1189:, p. 25.
1188:
1183:
1176:
1171:
1164:
1159:
1152:
1147:
1140:
1135:
1128:
1123:
1121:
1113:
1108:
1100:
1099:
1091:
1080:September 21,
1076:
1074:9780881325812
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1016:
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981:
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948:
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855:
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735:
732:
729:
725:
722:
719:
716:
715:
714:
707:
703:
699:
695:
692:
688:
684:
683:Moulay Hisham
680:
676:
675:Moulay Rachid
672:
671:Moulay Ismail
668:
664:
663:
662:
654:
652:
648:
644:
640:
636:
632:
628:
627:United States
624:
619:
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1777:Abitbol 2009
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1706:. Retrieved
1702:the original
1670:. Retrieved
1668:. 2020-01-29
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1314:. Retrieved
1310:
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1296:, p. 1.
1289:
1267:Rezette 1976
1243:
1232:. Retrieved
1228:
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1199:Monaque 2009
1194:
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1177:, p. 7.
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1041:. 2012-03-20
1038:
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999:(in French).
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767:Moulay Yazid
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679:Mulat Ud'Dar
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217:Mohammed III
216:
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204:
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197:
134:Lalla Dawiya
2794:1790 deaths
2789:1710 births
2744:Muhammad V
2605:(1659–1663)
2523:(1549–1659)
2458:(1465–1471)
2335:(1244–1465)
2256:(1121–1269)
2216:(1040–1147)
1416:durafakhira
1357:pp. 195–223
758:Helen Gloag
414:and severe
376:Black Guard
322:Black Guard
310:Early reign
299:guich tribe
225:محمد الثالث
191:Sunni Islam
53:Predecessor
2778:Categories
2752:Hassan II
2166:Yahya III
2050:1757–1790
2002:848729135X
1864:9024717981
1828:References
1708:2022-10-30
1672:2022-10-30
1613:2022-10-30
1532:2022-10-21
1508:2022-10-21
1484:2022-10-30
1460:2022-10-30
1316:2022-03-16
1311:www.zum.de
1248:Veenendaal
1234:2022-03-16
1211:Lewis 1980
1045:2020-04-18
1020:2020-04-18
980:1135744090
822:Casablanca
552:Letter of
479:Kinsbergen
436:See also:
314:See also:
261:Casablanca
235:, was the
2716:Hassan I
2603:interlude
2286:Yusuf II
2200:Hasan II
2174:Yahya IV
2150:Yahya II
2121:Idris II
2106:(788–974)
1984:0213-375X
1809:. Brill.
1765:Gray 1975
1639:cite book
1558:cite book
1353:Roberts,
1112:Gray 1975
862:near the
802:al-Ṣawīra
797:Essaouira
789:Essaouira
665:Princess
582:al-Sawira
512:subsidies
464:al-Jadīda
404:Marrakesh
371:instead.
357:Essaouira
278:al-Jadīda
249:Marrakesh
205:al-Khatib
101:, Morocco
63:Successor
48:1757–1790
2268:Yusuf I
2182:Hasan I
2142:Yahya I
2113:Idris I
2039:Abdallah
1907:(1775).
1067:. 2009.
882:See also
876:Sulayman
629:and any
528:Algerine
520:Sherlock
406:and the
187:Religion
38:(more..)
2158:Ali II
762:Algiers
639:African
616:Tangier
578:Larache
570:Tangier
522:of the
508:Britain
506:. With
500:Melilla
455:Mazagan
448:Larache
412:drought
396:Larache
392:Tangier
384:Tangier
333:Berbers
257:Mogador
241:Morocco
119:Morocco
87:Morocco
2601:Dila'i
2134:Ali I
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706:Sicily
631:Muslim
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580:, and
504:Iberia
459:Lisbon
416:famine
380:Meknes
369:Meknes
267:, and
263:, and
237:Sultan
233:Meknes
221:Arabic
209:Arabic
177:Father
106:Burial
99:Meknes
2056:Yazid
1972:(PDF)
1400:(PDF)
943:JSTOR
909:Notes
868:Yazid
859:qubba
838:Death
702:Genoa
637:, or
612:Cádiz
425:ulama
400:Rabat
388:Yazid
353:Hijra
329:guich
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265:Rabat
166:House
141:Issue
126:Wives
115:Rabat
45:Reign
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1980:ISSN
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1878:ISBN
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1730:ISBN
1645:link
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1082:2016
1069:ISBN
976:OCLC
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