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Mirror image rule

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133: 25: 947:("UCC") dispenses with it in § 2-207 (but it can also be argued that § 2-207(1) enforces the mirror image rule). Therefore, its applicability depends upon what law governs. Most states have adopted the UCC, which governs transactions in goods. Contracts for services or land, for example, would not be governed by the UCC. The 951:
also provides that when parties have not agreed to an essential term, "a term which is reasonable in the circumstances is supplied by the court." However, it may not be possible for a reasonable term to be supplied by the court.
394: 399: 857:
must be accepted exactly with no modifications. The offeror is the master of their own offer. An attempt to accept the offer on different terms instead creates a
913:). If a person were to accept an offer, but make a modification, then they are actually rejecting the offer presented to them and are proposing a counter-offer: 667: 772:
3 Historically restricted in common law jurisdictions but generally accepted elsewhere; availability varies between contemporary common law jurisdictions
613: 662: 787: 354: 893: 917:(1954) 91 CLR 353. That modifying party is then the one making a new offer, and the original offeror is now the one who has to accept. 930: 601: 1053: 89: 832: 969: 61: 805: 68: 926: 42: 885:. The phrase "Mirror-Image Rule" is rarely (if at all) used by English lawyers; but the concept remains valid, as in 948: 108: 887: 418: 382: 75: 934: 411: 46: 57: 677: 267: 162: 825: 697: 423: 776: 672: 631: 543: 479: 192: 944: 801: 652: 461: 311: 35: 377: 337: 262: 238: 220: 82: 1048: 818: 794: 657: 225: 854: 685: 522: 372: 251: 157: 152: 610:(also implied covenant of good faith and fair dealing or duty to negotiate in good faith) 8: 853:, also referred to as an unequivocal and absolute acceptance requirement, states that an 441: 332: 197: 177: 1030: 870: 804:, and Canadian jurisprudence in both Québec and the common law provinces pertaining to 727: 690: 532: 504: 470: 363: 348: 342: 316: 875: 584: 573: 294: 243: 234: 215: 607: 494: 489: 451: 446: 289: 272: 910: 499: 229: 206: 745: 636: 567: 552: 300: 147: 1042: 940: 881: 879:, offer, acceptance and counter-offer. The leading case on counter-offer is 858: 536: 284: 257: 187: 279: 740: 735: 722: 513: 167: 578: 484: 389: 306: 1020:
Butler Machine Tool Co Ltd v Ex-cello Cpn (England) Ltd 1979 1 WLR 401
780: 763: 182: 906: 731: 406: 132: 24: 846: 561: 456: 124: 931:
Uniform Commercial Code § Section 2-207: Battle of the forms
527: 717: 861:, and this constitutes a rejection of the original offer. 707: 797:
both in Québec and in the country's common law provinces
1031:
https://www.law.cornell.edu/ucc/2/article2.htm#s2-207
970:"The Mirror Image Rule and Common Law Basics Concord" 943:, this rule still exists at common law. However, the 800:
7 Specific to civil law jurisdictions, the American
49:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 927:United States contract law § UCC .C2.A7 2-207 614:Contract A and Contract B in Canadian contract law 1040: 935:Offer and acceptance § Battle of the forms 769:2 Specific to civil and mixed law jurisdictions 826: 806:contractual and pre-contractual negotiation 833: 819: 1011:Gibson v Manchester City Council UKHL 6| 109:Learn how and when to remove this message 1041: 602:Duty of honest contractual performance 790:of International Commercial Contracts 47:adding citations to reliable sources 18: 779:and other civil codes based on the 13: 14: 1065: 920: 888:Gibson v Manchester City Council 604:(or doctrine of abuse of rights) 419:Enforcement of foreign judgments 383:Hague Choice of Court Convention 131: 23: 993:(Restatement(2d) Contracts §59) 949:second Restatement of Contracts 905:This position is adhered to in 34:needs additional citations for 1054:Legal doctrines and principles 1023: 1014: 1005: 996: 987: 962: 412:Singapore Mediation Convention 1: 955: 894:Butler Machine Tool v Excello 786:5 Explicitly rejected by the 553:Quasi-contractual obligations 900: 873:established the concepts of 7: 10: 1070: 1002:Hyde v Wrench EWHC Ch J90 924: 864: 424:Hague Judgments Convention 775:4 Specific to the German 480:Anticipatory repudiation 230:unequal bargaining power 945:Uniform Commercial Code 802:Uniform Commercial Code 777:Bürgerliches Gesetzbuch 462:Third-party beneficiary 434:Rights of third parties 312:Accord and satisfaction 533:Liquidated, stipulated 378:Forum selection clause 263:Frustration of purpose 795:Canadian contract law 163:Abstraction principle 624:Related areas of law 523:Specific performance 373:Choice of law clause 338:Contract of adhesion 252:Culpa in contrahendo 158:Meeting of the minds 153:Offer and acceptance 43:improve this article 16:Term in contract law 788:UNIDROIT Principles 562:Promissory estoppel 442:Privity of contract 395:New York Convention 355:UNIDROIT Principles 198:Collateral contract 193:Implication-in-fact 178:Invitation to treat 58:"Mirror image rule" 871:English common law 608:Duty of good faith 505:Fundamental breach 471:Breach of contract 400:UNCITRAL Model Law 364:Dispute resolution 349:Contra proferentem 343:Integration clause 317:Exculpatory clause 1029:Text of § 2-207: 915:Masters v Cameron 876:consensus ad idem 851:mirror image rule 843: 842: 686:England and Wales 594:Duties of parties 585:Negotiorum gestio 574:Unjust enrichment 295:Statute of frauds 244:Unconscionability 216:Misrepresentation 173:Mirror image rule 119: 118: 111: 93: 1061: 1033: 1027: 1021: 1018: 1012: 1009: 1003: 1000: 994: 991: 985: 984: 982: 981: 966: 835: 828: 821: 663:China (mainland) 632:Conflict of laws 495:Efficient breach 490:Exclusion clause 290:Illusory promise 273:Impracticability 135: 121: 120: 114: 107: 103: 100: 94: 92: 51: 27: 19: 1069: 1068: 1064: 1063: 1062: 1060: 1059: 1058: 1039: 1038: 1037: 1036: 1028: 1024: 1019: 1015: 1010: 1006: 1001: 997: 992: 988: 979: 977: 968: 967: 963: 958: 937: 923: 911:New South Wales 903: 867: 839: 810: 682:United Kingdom 645:By jurisdiction 115: 104: 98: 95: 52: 50: 40: 28: 17: 12: 11: 5: 1067: 1057: 1056: 1051: 1035: 1034: 1022: 1013: 1004: 995: 986: 960: 959: 957: 954: 922: 919: 902: 899: 866: 863: 845:In the law of 841: 840: 838: 837: 830: 823: 815: 812: 811: 809: 808: 798: 793:6 Specific to 791: 784: 773: 770: 767: 762:1 Specific to 759: 756: 755: 751: 750: 749: 748: 743: 738: 725: 720: 712: 711: 703: 702: 701: 700: 695: 694: 693: 688: 680: 675: 670: 665: 660: 655: 647: 646: 642: 641: 640: 639: 637:Commercial law 634: 626: 625: 621: 620: 619: 618: 617: 616: 605: 596: 595: 591: 590: 589: 588: 581: 576: 571: 568:Quantum meruit 564: 556: 555: 549: 548: 547: 546: 541: 540: 539: 525: 517: 516: 510: 509: 508: 507: 502: 497: 492: 487: 482: 474: 473: 467: 466: 465: 464: 459: 454: 449: 444: 436: 435: 431: 430: 429: 428: 427: 426: 416: 415: 414: 404: 403: 402: 397: 387: 386: 385: 375: 367: 366: 360: 359: 358: 357: 352: 345: 340: 335: 333:Parol evidence 327: 326: 325:Interpretation 322: 321: 320: 319: 314: 309: 304: 301:Non est factum 297: 292: 287: 282: 277: 276: 275: 270: 265: 255: 248: 247: 246: 232: 223: 218: 210: 209: 203: 202: 201: 200: 195: 190: 185: 180: 175: 170: 165: 160: 155: 150: 142: 141: 137: 136: 128: 127: 117: 116: 31: 29: 22: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 1066: 1055: 1052: 1050: 1047: 1046: 1044: 1032: 1026: 1017: 1008: 999: 990: 975: 971: 965: 961: 953: 950: 946: 942: 941:United States 936: 932: 928: 921:United States 918: 916: 912: 908: 898: 896: 895: 890: 889: 884: 883: 882:Hyde v Wrench 878: 877: 872: 862: 860: 859:counter-offer 856: 852: 848: 836: 831: 829: 824: 822: 817: 816: 814: 813: 807: 803: 799: 796: 792: 789: 785: 782: 778: 774: 771: 768: 766:jurisdictions 765: 761: 760: 758: 757: 753: 752: 747: 744: 742: 739: 737: 733: 729: 726: 724: 721: 719: 716: 715: 714: 713: 709: 705: 704: 699: 698:United States 696: 692: 689: 687: 684: 683: 681: 679: 676: 674: 671: 669: 666: 664: 661: 659: 656: 654: 651: 650: 649: 648: 644: 643: 638: 635: 633: 630: 629: 628: 627: 623: 622: 615: 612: 611: 609: 606: 603: 600: 599: 598: 597: 593: 592: 587: 586: 582: 580: 577: 575: 572: 570: 569: 565: 563: 560: 559: 558: 557: 554: 551: 550: 545: 542: 538: 537:penal damages 534: 531: 530: 529: 528:Money damages 526: 524: 521: 520: 519: 518: 515: 512: 511: 506: 503: 501: 498: 496: 493: 491: 488: 486: 483: 481: 478: 477: 476: 475: 472: 469: 468: 463: 460: 458: 455: 453: 450: 448: 445: 443: 440: 439: 438: 437: 433: 432: 425: 422: 421: 420: 417: 413: 410: 409: 408: 405: 401: 398: 396: 393: 392: 391: 388: 384: 381: 380: 379: 376: 374: 371: 370: 369: 368: 365: 362: 361: 356: 353: 351: 350: 346: 344: 341: 339: 336: 334: 331: 330: 329: 328: 324: 323: 318: 315: 313: 310: 308: 307:Unclean hands 305: 303: 302: 298: 296: 293: 291: 288: 286: 283: 281: 278: 274: 271: 269: 268:Impossibility 266: 264: 261: 260: 259: 258:Force majeure 256: 254: 253: 249: 245: 242: 241: 240: 239:public policy 236: 233: 231: 227: 224: 222: 219: 217: 214: 213: 212: 211: 208: 205: 204: 199: 196: 194: 191: 189: 188:Consideration 186: 184: 181: 179: 176: 174: 171: 169: 166: 164: 161: 159: 156: 154: 151: 149: 146: 145: 144: 143: 139: 138: 134: 130: 129: 126: 123: 122: 113: 110: 102: 99:December 2009 91: 88: 84: 81: 77: 74: 70: 67: 63: 60: –  59: 55: 54:Find sources: 48: 44: 38: 37: 32:This article 30: 26: 21: 20: 1049:Contract law 1025: 1016: 1007: 998: 989: 978:. Retrieved 976:. 2017-11-30 973: 964: 938: 914: 904: 892: 886: 880: 874: 868: 850: 844: 741:Criminal law 723:Property law 678:Saudi Arabia 583: 566: 347: 299: 250: 172: 168:Posting rule 125:Contract law 105: 96: 86: 79: 72: 65: 53: 41:Please help 36:verification 33: 579:Restitution 390:Arbitration 1043:Categories 980:2024-01-09 956:References 925:See also: 781:pandectist 764:common law 544:Rescission 452:Delegation 447:Assignment 235:Illegality 183:Firm offer 69:newspapers 907:Australia 901:Australia 847:contracts 783:tradition 653:Australia 500:Deviation 407:Mediation 140:Formation 746:Evidence 718:Tort law 691:Scotland 514:Remedies 457:Novation 280:Hardship 207:Defences 148:Capacity 974:Concord 939:In the 865:England 736:estates 668:Ireland 285:Set-off 226:Threats 221:Mistake 83:scholar 933:, and 891:, and 849:, the 734:, and 732:trusts 706:Other 658:Canada 85:  78:  71:  64:  56:  855:offer 754:Notes 728:Wills 710:areas 673:India 535:, or 485:Cover 90:JSTOR 76:books 869:The 237:and 228:and 62:news 708:law 45:by 1045:: 972:. 929:, 897:. 730:, 983:. 909:( 834:e 827:t 820:v 112:) 106:( 101:) 97:( 87:· 80:· 73:· 66:· 39:.

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"Mirror image rule"
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Contract law

Capacity
Offer and acceptance
Meeting of the minds
Abstraction principle
Posting rule
Mirror image rule
Invitation to treat
Firm offer
Consideration
Implication-in-fact
Collateral contract
Defences
Misrepresentation
Mistake
Threats
unequal bargaining power
Illegality

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