1143:
83:
was appointed the regent. In many instances, the advent of a royal minority led to fierce competition for any regency office, and in
England only one actual regent was ever appointed: In October 1216
51:, who also became emperor at the age of six. The succession of child-turned-adult emperors led to the so-called infantilization of the imperial office, which had taken hold during the long reign of
96:
104:
256:
71:. There are cases when no regent is appointed, but these did not mean that the monarch held authority. For example, during the minority reign of
32:. Minority reigns are of their nature times when politicians and advisors can be especially competitive. Some scholars claim that, in Britain,
55:, Valentinian's predecessor. Here, the imperial office operated within a severely curtailed system compared to its authority a century prior.
108:
95:. Subsequent royal minorities before 1811 were dealt with by the appointment of officers who held the less provocative title "
1042:
151:
84:
1184:
107:". In all instances they were intended to be assisted by a collective council or body of officials, although the brief
739:
1124:
1099:
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411:
929:
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37:
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76:
913:
729:
261:
879:
271:
141:
316:
707:
426:
865:
765:
593:
326:
40:
as a representative and administrative force all occurred within the context of the minority reigns.
895:
951:
817:
246:
161:
1213:
1177:
875:
391:
381:
1203:
823:
471:
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186:
1063:
376:
1218:
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8:
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211:
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52:
1120:
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311:
266:
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176:
1223:
1208:
1007:
1001:
985:
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251:
132:
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48:
1154:
995:
979:
637:
100:
1197:
973:
935:
775:
733:
627:
127:
111:
from April to June 1483 did not allow for the naming of an official council.
72:
33:
989:
955:
939:
869:
855:
845:
811:
785:
755:
667:
631:
461:
136:
44:
1117:
The Rome that Did Not Fall: The
Survival of the East in the Fifth Century
917:
835:
795:
759:
711:
701:
68:
29:
839:
657:
653:
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907:
801:
691:
579:
80:
791:
723:
573:
557:
545:
1150:
849:
717:
567:
561:
25:
64:
36:, the growth of conciliar government, and the emergence of the
859:
1013:
103:" or "Protector and Defender" (after 1422), and sometimes "
1142:
1058:
The Royal
Minorities of Medieval and Early Modern England
1035:
The Royal
Minorities of Medieval and Early Modern England
47:
from 367 to 455, the years that preceded the reign of
1092:
Child
Emperor Rule in the Late Roman West, AD 367-455
1094:. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press. p. 224.
1037:. New York, New York: Palgrave-MacMillan, pp. 1–5.
43:Minority reigns also characterized a period in the
1195:
1114:
1178:
119:Sovereigns who have ruled as minors include:
257:Marie-Adélaïde, Grand Duchess of Luxembourg
109:Protectorate of Richard, duke of Gloucester
1185:
1171:
1115:Friell, Gerard; Williams, Stephen (2014).
1062:. New York: Palgrave Macmillan. pp.
1196:
1089:
152:Frederick II of the Holy Roman Empire
85:William Marshal, 1st Earl of Pembroke
1137:
1119:. New York: Routledge. p. 227.
1085:
1083:
1053:
87:became regent for the nine-year-old
28:'s rule when he or she is legally a
13:
14:
1235:
1080:
67:is appointed if a sovereign is a
1141:
1108:
1047:
1027:
1:
262:Wilhelmina of the Netherlands
1157:. You can help Knowledge by
1020:
412:García Sánchez I of Pamplona
142:Otto III, Holy Roman Emperor
58:
7:
317:Peter I the Great of Russia
114:
97:Lords Justices of the Realm
10:
1240:
1136:
427:Francis Phoebus of Navarre
327:Alexander III of Scotland
24:refer to the period of a
1090:McEvoy, Meaghan (2013).
910:of Southern Song (China)
904:of Southern Song (China)
888:of Northern Song (China)
247:Ladislaus III of Hungary
694:of Northern Wei (China)
688:of Northern Wei (China)
682:of Northern Wei (China)
676:of Northern Wei (China)
640:of Former Liang (China)
392:Ferdinand IV of Castile
382:Alfonso VIII of Castile
272:Władysław III of Poland
75:, power was wielded by
1054:Beem, Charles (2008).
932:of Western Xia (China)
926:of Western Xia (China)
768:of Southern Qi (China)
726:of Northern Qi (China)
720:of Northern Qi (China)
624:of Eastern Jin (China)
618:of Eastern Jin (China)
612:of Eastern Jin (China)
554:of Eastern Han (China)
548:of Eastern Han (China)
542:of Eastern Han (China)
536:of Eastern Han (China)
530:of Eastern Han (China)
524:of Eastern Han (China)
518:of Eastern Han (China)
512:of Eastern Han (China)
506:of Eastern Han (China)
490:of Western Han (China)
484:of Western Han (China)
467:Peter II of Yugoslavia
417:Theobald II of Navarre
322:Malcolm IV of Scotland
187:Charles VIII of France
1033:Beem, Charles. 2008.
462:Alfonso XIII of Spain
397:Alfonso XI of Castile
347:James III of Scotland
292:Afonso VI of Portugal
287:Sebastian of Portugal
277:Sancho II of Portugal
227:Richard II of England
222:Edward III of England
162:Simeon II of Bulgaria
128:Western Roman Emperor
105:Guardian of the Realm
457:Isabella II of Spain
442:Alfonso II of Aragon
437:Petronilla of Aragon
432:Catherine of Navarre
402:Henry III of Castile
367:James VI of Scotland
362:Mary, Queen of Scots
352:James IV of Scotland
342:James II of Scotland
332:David II of Scotland
297:Maria II of Portugal
282:Afonso V of Portugal
242:Edward VI of England
217:Henry III of England
202:Louis XIII of France
197:Charles IX of France
192:Francis II of France
182:Charles VI of France
752:of Liu Song (China)
452:Charles II of Spain
377:Bermudo III of León
357:James V of Scotland
337:James I of Scotland
302:Pedro V of Portugal
237:Edward V of England
232:Henry VI of England
207:Louis XIV of France
147:Henry IV of Germany
576:of Cao Wei (China)
570:of Cao Wei (China)
407:John II of Castile
387:Henry I of Castile
307:Michael of Romania
212:Louis XV of France
172:Louis IX of France
167:Philip I of France
157:Pedro II of Brazil
79:before his sister
1166:
1165:
1043:978-0-230-60866-5
930:Emperor Chongzong
866:Emperor Shengzong
447:James I of Aragon
422:Joan I of Navarre
372:Alfonso V of León
312:Ivan IV of Russia
267:Jadwiga of Poland
1231:
1187:
1180:
1173:
1145:
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1131:
1130:
1112:
1106:
1105:
1087:
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1051:
1045:
1031:
1014:Xuantong Emperor
952:Emperor Yingzong
946:Emperor Ningzong
936:Tianshun Emperor
902:Emperor Duanzong
818:Emperor Jingzong
698:Emperor Xiaojing
686:Emperor Xiaoming
664:Emperor Wencheng
177:John I of France
91:on the death of
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1016:of Qing (China)
1010:of Qing (China)
1008:Guangxu Emperor
1004:of Qing (China)
1002:Tongzhi Emperor
998:of Qing (China)
986:Shunzhi Emperor
982:of Ming (China)
976:of Ming (China)
970:of Ming (China)
968:Jiajing Emperor
964:of Ming (China)
962:Zhengde Emperor
948:of Yuan (China)
924:Emperor Huizong
886:Emperor Zhezong
876:Emperor Renzong
832:of Tang (China)
826:of Tang (China)
820:of Tang (China)
680:Emperor Xiaowen
674:Emperor Xianwen
252:Mary of Hungary
133:Louis the Child
124:Valentinian III
117:
61:
49:Valentinian III
12:
11:
5:
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1214:Child monarchs
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996:Kangxi Emperor
993:
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980:Tianqi Emperor
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914:Emperor Yizong
911:
905:
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856:King Chengzong
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824:Emperor Xizong
821:
815:
805:
804:of Sui (China)
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727:
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616:Emperor Xiaowu
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974:Wanli Emperor
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808:Emperor Shang
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600:Emperor Cheng
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522:Emperor Chong
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73:Theodosius II
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50:
46:
41:
39:
35:
34:primogeniture
31:
27:
23:
19:
1219:Juvenile law
1159:expanding it
1148:
1116:
1110:
1091:
1057:
1049:
1034:
1029:
892:Emperor Gong
846:Emperor Xuan
836:Emperor Gong
772:Emperor Jing
756:Xiao Zhaowen
750:Emperor Shun
730:Emperor Jing
668:Northern Wei
638:Prince Chong
632:Former Liang
574:Emperor Yuan
552:Emperor Xian
540:Emperor Ling
534:Emperor Huan
516:Emperor Shun
488:Emperor Ping
482:Emperor Zhao
137:East Francia
118:
63:Commonly, a
62:
45:Roman Empire
42:
21:
17:
15:
918:Western Xia
782:Chen Bozong
760:Southern Qi
712:Northern Qi
702:Eastern Wei
654:Emperor You
604:Eastern Jin
594:Western Jin
590:Emperor Min
528:Emperor Zhi
498:Eastern Han
476:Western Han
1198:Categories
840:Later Zhou
830:Emperor Ai
766:Emperor He
658:Former Yan
648:Later Zhao
622:Emperor An
610:Emperor Mu
584:Eastern Wu
510:Emperor An
494:Emperor He
38:Parliament
16:The terms
1021:Footnotes
908:Zhao Bing
802:Yang Tong
692:Yuan Zhao
580:Sun Liang
93:King John
89:Henry III
81:Pulcheria
77:Anthemius
59:Authority
26:sovereign
792:Yang You
744:Liu Song
724:Gao Heng
558:Cao Fang
546:Liu Bian
472:Liu Hong
115:Examples
53:Honorius
1151:history
992:(China)
958:(China)
942:(China)
920:(China)
898:(China)
882:(China)
872:(China)
862:(China)
852:(China)
850:Yang Wu
842:(China)
814:(China)
798:(China)
788:(China)
778:(China)
762:(China)
746:(China)
736:(China)
718:Gao Wei
714:(China)
708:Gao Yin
704:(China)
670:(China)
660:(China)
650:(China)
644:Shi Shi
634:(China)
628:Duke Ai
606:(China)
596:(China)
586:(China)
568:Cao Mao
564:(China)
562:Cao Wei
500:(China)
478:(China)
1224:Reigns
1209:Ageism
1123:
1098:
1070:
1041:
740:Liu Yu
65:regent
1149:This
860:Wuyue
776:Liang
69:minor
30:minor
1155:stub
1121:ISBN
1096:ISBN
1068:ISBN
1039:ISBN
990:Qing
956:Ming
940:Yuan
870:Liao
812:Tang
786:Chen
99:", "
20:and
988:of
954:of
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894:of
878:of
868:of
858:of
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838:of
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796:Sui
794:of
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774:of
758:of
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732:of
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700:of
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656:of
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630:of
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135:of
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