Knowledge

Meenakshi

Source 📝

483:
the king crowns her as his heir. When she meets Shiva, his words come true, she takes her true form of Meenakshi. According to Harman, this may reflect the matrilineal traditions in South India and the regional belief that "penultimate powers rest with the women", gods listen to their spouse, and that the fate of kingdoms rest with the women. According to Susan Bayly, the reverence for Meenakshi is a part of the Hindu goddess tradition that integrates with the Hindu society where the "woman is the lynchpin of the system" of social relationships. Her eyes are fabled to bring life to the unborn.
492: 2252: 2066: 59: 391:
based on the belief that the fish never close their eyes: the goddess similarly never stops watching over her devotees. Yet another interpretation states that the name is based on the ancient belief that the fish feed their young by merely looking at them; the goddess supposedly supports her devotees by merely glancing at them. There are the three avatars of
568:
The temple is a major pilgrimage destination within the Shaivism tradition, dedicated to Meenakshi and Shiva. However, the temple includes Vishnu in many narratives, sculptures and rituals as he is considered to be Meenakshi's brother. This has made this temple and Madurai as the "southern Mathura",
482:
seeking a son for an heir. Instead, a daughter is born, who is already three-years old, and has three breasts. Shiva intervenes and informs the parents to treat her like a son, telling them that when she meets her husband, she would lose the third breast. They follow this advice. The girl grows up,
390:
Various meanings of this appellation have been suggested, including that she was originally a goddess of the fisher-folk, that her eyes are "large and brilliant" like that of a fish, or that she has "long and slender" eyes shaped like the body of a fish. Another interpretation is that the name is
553:(gateway towers), each above 45 metres (148 ft) in height. The complex has numerous sculpted pillared halls such as Ayirakkal (1,000 pillar hall), Kilikoondu-mandapam, Golu-mandapam and Pudu-mandapam. Its shrines are dedicated to Hindu deities and Shaivism scholars, with the 1517: 1308:, Quote: "By the beginning of the 14th century south India was exposed to the depredations of Muslim raiders from the north, and even Madurai was destroyed in 1310, by Malik Kafur, briefly becoming the seat of a sultanate thereafter." 569:
one included in Vaishnava texts. The large temple complex is the most prominent landmark in Madurai and attracts tens of thousands visitors a day. The temple attracts over a million pilgrims and visitors during the annual 10-day
542:
plundered the temple, looted it of its valuables and destroyed the Madurai temple town along with many other temple towns of South India. The contemporary temple is the result of rebuilding efforts started by the
1960: 529:
Though the temple has historic roots dating back to 2000 BCE, most of the present campus structure was rebuilt after the 14th century CE, further repaired, renovated and expanded in the 17th century by
518:, India is dedicated to Meenakshi who is worshipped as the primary deity. It is also referred to as Meenakshi Amman or Meenakshi-Sundareśvarar Temple. Meenakshi's shrine is next to that of her consort 893:", page 68: மீனாட்சி ,Mīṉāṭci, பெ. (n. ) மதுரையை உறைவிடமாகக் கொண்ட தெய்வம்; Umā, the tutelary Goddess of Madurai. Translation: (மீன் - Mīṉ which means "fish", ஆட்சி- āṭci which means "rule") 1831: 1751: 426:(Five Jewels of Meenakshi) is an incantation to Meenakshi that was composed by Adi Shankara (8th century CE). Though Meenakshi does not directly appear in the stotram 1944: 423: 1927: 722: 547:
rulers who rebuilt the core and reopened the temple. In the 16th century, the temple complex was further expanded and fortified. The restored complex houses 14
1005:
Bangala Bhasar Abhidhaan ( Dictioanary of the Bengali Language), Shishu Sahitya Samsad Pvt Ltd., 32A, APC Road, Kolkata – 700009, Volume 2, p.1600. (ed. 1988)
2098: 1016: 1525: 1232: 959: 920: 810: 343:'fish-eyed one', mentioned in early historical account as a fierce, unmarried goddess as Meenakshi. She is also known by the Tamil name 1584: 1565: 1546: 577:(chariot) procession during the Tamil month of Chittirai (overlaps with April–May in Georgian calendar, Chaitra in North India). 2091: 1954: 1921: 1860: 1841: 1740: 1721: 1683: 1664: 1633: 1492: 1450: 1423: 1396: 1357: 1187: 1118: 990: 953: 804: 631: 1639: 1193: 1124: 1330: 412: 1911: 1871: 2047: 2008: 1989: 1900: 1881: 1820: 1780: 1761: 1702: 1301: 1226: 858: 777: 690: 1810: 2084: 453:
again and again / And then he comes before you. // You never get angry. / Every day you just pick up the vessels.
1799: 1041: 652:
Proceedings of the First International Conference Seminar of Tamil Studies, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, April, 1966
555: 738:
Where does Meenakshi take her turmeric bath?: a multiply-constructed religious history and deity in Tamilnadu
371:). According to another theory, the name of the goddess literally means 'rule of the fish', derived from the 2435: 593: 31: 2602: 2070: 437:
One Tamil poem/song (Tamilpillai) portrays Meenakshi as the intersection of domesticity and divinity:
218: 2555: 2391: 190: 17: 2612: 1773:
Hindu goddesses: visions of the divine feminine in the Hindu religious tradition By David Kinsley
467: 2617: 2607: 1529: 1482: 1413: 1291: 1216: 943: 1440: 1386: 1347: 904: 794: 621: 297: 2562: 2370: 416: 392: 284:
She is mainly worshipped in India where she has a major temple devoted to her known as the
104: 2020:
Festivals of Meenakshi Sundareswarar temple, Madurai a historical and cultural perspective
8: 2485: 2240: 1593: 1572: 1553: 544: 471: 122: 1978: 1833:
Sacred Places of a Lifetime: 500 of the World's Most Peaceful and Powerful Destinations
570: 427: 301: 2036: 1617:. Publication Division, Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, Government of India. 1110:
Saints, Goddesses and Kings: Muslims and Christians in South Indian Society, 1700-1900
2423: 2043: 2004: 1985: 1950: 1917: 1896: 1877: 1856: 1837: 1816: 1795: 1776: 1757: 1736: 1717: 1698: 1679: 1660: 1629: 1612: 1488: 1446: 1419: 1392: 1353: 1326: 1297: 1222: 1183: 1114: 1047: 1037: 986: 949: 912: 854: 800: 773: 686: 627: 181: 2355: 2023: 511: 500: 434:(She who has the face of Lakshmi and has fish-like eyes in the river of her face). 285: 258: 891:
A Comprehensive Etymological Dictionary of the Tamil Language, Vol. VII, PART - II
851:
An Environmental History of India: From Earliest Times to the Twenty-First Century
2581: 2310: 2295: 2119: 1623: 1177: 1108: 874: 833: 650: 535: 531: 1753:
Buildings and Society: Essays on the Social Development of the Built Environment
2209: 1695:
The Encyclopaedia Of Indian Literature (Volume Two) (Devraj To Jyoti), Volume 2
372: 334: 270: 254: 201: 169: 1514:"* Mīnākṣī-Sundareśvara - 'Tiruviḷaiyāṭaṟ Purāṇam' in Letters, Design and Art" 2596: 2546: 2107: 1218:
Rediscovering the Hindu Temple: The Sacred Architecture and Urbanism of India
1051: 916: 475: 250: 128: 269:. She finds mention in literature as the queen of the ancient Madurai-based 1946:
Tamil geographies: cultural constructions of space and place in South India
1812:
Architecture and art of southern India: Vijayanagara and, Volume 1, Issue 6
1478: 1442:
Temples of Kr̥ṣṇa in South India: History, Art, and Traditions in Tamilnāḍu
1151: 446: 328: 322: 312: 274: 2251: 2076: 2539: 2514: 2455: 2229: 2111: 1182:. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. pp. 9–10, 103, 210, 363–364. 561: 539: 491: 400: 2027: 382: 376: 350: 344: 338: 243: 235: 227: 2521: 2450: 2164: 293: 278: 72:
Aṅgayaṟkaṇṇi, Taḍādakai, Mīnāṭci, Mantriṇi, Mangayakarasi, Maduraidevi
2509: 2440: 2330: 2273: 2189: 683:
The Courts of Pre-Colonial South India: Material Culture and Kingship
450: 1876:, Los Angeles: Museum Associates, Los Angeles County Museum of Art, 710: 595:
The Great Temple of Madurai: English Version of the Book Koilmanagar
2576: 2532: 2504: 2474: 2460: 2380: 2340: 2325: 2184: 2127: 1980:
The Dance of Siva: Religion, Art and Poetry in South India By David
1513: 549: 463: 396: 318: 1984:, United Kingdom: Press Syndicate of the University of Cambridge, 1528:. Arulmigu Meenakshi Sundareswarar Thirukoil. 2012. Archived from 2526: 2499: 2360: 2335: 2315: 2283: 2278: 2268: 2194: 2174: 2169: 2159: 2154: 655:. International Association of Tamil Research. 1968. p. 543. 515: 504: 496: 289: 262: 94: 80: 49: 879:. Department of History, University of Kerala. 2002. p. 96. 2470: 2465: 2430: 2418: 2408: 2375: 2365: 2300: 2219: 2199: 2137: 2132: 2065: 1321:
Christopher Fuller (2003). "Madurai". In George Michell (ed.).
598:. Sri Meenakshisundareswarar Temple Renovation Committee. 1963. 420: 143: 1067:
Extraordinary Child: Poems from a South Asian devotional genre
304:
are considered the three Shakti forms of the goddess Parvati.
2494: 2413: 2345: 2305: 2290: 2214: 2179: 2142: 574: 523: 479: 442: 266: 158: 154: 985:(second ed.). Bangalore: Ramakrishna Math. p. 61. 565:(sanctums) of Meenakshi and Sundareśvarar gilded with gold. 2445: 2385: 2350: 2320: 2260: 2234: 2224: 2204: 2149: 1088: 615: 613: 611: 609: 607: 605: 84: 58: 1289: 1078: 1076: 1943:
Selby, Martha Ann; Peterson, Indira Viswanathan (2008),
1714:
The camphor flame: popular Hinduism and society in India
602: 273:, and is later deified. The goddess is also extolled by 265:. She is the divine consort of Sundareśvarar, a form of 1366: 1259: 1215:
Bharne, Vinayak; Krusche, Krupali (18 September 2014).
1073: 1034:
Birth and birthgivers : the power behind the shame
757:. Vol. 36. University of Kerala. 2009. p. 97. 30:
This article is about the goddess. For other uses, see
1775:, Delhi: The Regents of the University of California, 1418:. Oxford University Press. pp. 546 with note 45. 711:"Minaksi or Sundaresvara: Who is the first principle?" 449:/ Wanders through the courtyard of space / Destroying 195: 1563: 1544: 1247: 941: 1459: 1411: 902: 411:
Several great hymns on the goddess were composed in
1829: 212: 2035: 1977: 1320: 1015:Rupenaguntla, Satya Narayana Sarma (29 May 2018). 415:by many saints and scholars, including the famous 1582: 1384: 831: 792: 619: 573:festival, celebrated with much festivities and a 321:term meaning 'fish-eyed', derived from the words 2594: 1949:, New York: State University of New York Press, 1853:National Geographic Traveler: India, 3rd Edition 1678:, Delhi: John Wiley & Sons(Asia) Pte. Ltd., 1524: 1345: 1175: 721:. Madurai: Madurai Kamaraj University: 551–553. 715:South Indian History Congress Annual Proceedings 1169: 770:American Sanctuary: Understanding Sacred Spaces 1836:, United States: National Geographic Society, 1146: 1144: 1142: 1113:. Cambridge University Press. pp. 29–30. 1021:. Panchawati Spiritual Foundation. p. 21. 740:. University of Wisconsin--Madison. p. 1. 2092: 1942: 1214: 889:Excerpt for the etymology of Meenatchi from " 838:. Philosophical Research Society. p. 33. 1477: 1100: 1014: 905:"The Name of the Goddess Mīnākṣī "Fish-Eye"" 668:Cultural Heritage of Kerala: An Introduction 2106: 1471: 1316: 1314: 1139: 1106: 704: 702: 534:. In the early 14th century, the armies of 356: 2099: 2085: 1716:, New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 1659:, Mumbai: Central Chinmaya Mission Trust, 1438: 853:. Cambridge University Press. p. 74. 430:, there is a reference to her in the line 403:in the north, and Meenakshi in the south. 57: 2042:, New Delhi: Asian Educational Services, 1909: 1850: 1673: 1592:, Online: Project Madurai, archived from 1571:. Online: Project Madurai. Archived from 1552:. Online: Project Madurai. Archived from 1511: 772:. Indiana University Press. p. 121. 708: 432:Vaktralakṣmī parīvāha calan mīnābha ocanā 1916:, United States: Scarecrow Press, INC., 1890: 1815:, New York: Cambridge University Press, 1654: 1621: 1611:Gopal, Madan (1990). K.S. Gautam (ed.). 1445:. Abhinav Publications. pp. 97–99. 1391:. Abhinav Publications. pp. 95–96. 1311: 1094: 1069:. Honolulu: University of Hawai'i Press. 896: 699: 490: 261:and is considered a form of the goddess 1808: 1770: 1516:. New Delhi: Sharada Publishing House. 1277: 1064: 911:. Motilal Banarsidass. pp. 84–86. 735: 366:the mother with the beautiful fish eyes 14: 2595: 2017: 1733:The sacred marriage of a Hindu goddess 1730: 1711: 1372: 1265: 1196:from the original on 19 September 2020 1082: 1031: 849:Fisher, Michael H. (18 October 2018). 848: 796:The Sacred Marriage of a Hindu Goddess 767: 709:Rajarajan, R. K. K. (1 January 2005). 670:. East-West Publications. p. 250. 645: 643: 623:The Sacred Marriage of a Hindu Goddess 2080: 1975: 1895:, New York: Oxford University Press, 1789: 1692: 1642:from the original on 23 December 2016 1610: 1520:from the original on 12 October 2020. 1465: 1290:Tara Boland-Crewe; David Lea (2003). 1127:from the original on 25 December 2018 1018:Hidden meanings of Lalita Sahasranama 974: 909:India and Indology: Selected Articles 680: 665: 1998: 1963:from the original on 12 October 2020 1930:from the original on 12 October 2020 1855:, USA: National Geographic Society, 1749: 1253: 1235:from the original on 12 October 2020 962:from the original on 12 October 2020 923:from the original on 12 October 2020 813:from the original on 12 October 2020 749: 747: 681:Howes, Jennifer (2 September 2003). 2003:, New Delhi: Abhinav Publications, 1913:Historical dictionary of the Tamils 1869: 1794:, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1792:Hinduism: A Very Short Introduction 1735:, Delhi: Indiana University Press, 1293:The Territories and States of India 1179:Historical Dictionary of the Tamils 799:. Motilal Banarsidass. p. 24. 725:from the original on 30 March 2019. 640: 626:. Motilal Banarsidass. p. 24. 486: 24: 2033: 1756:, Taylor & Francis e-library, 1487:. Random House. pp. 277–279. 945:A Concise Encyclopedia of Hinduism 25: 2629: 2058: 1891:Prentiss, Karen Pechilis (1999), 1712:Fuller, Christopher John (2004), 1221:. Cambridge Scholars Publishing. 744: 333:'eye'. She was also known by the 2250: 2064: 27:Hindu goddess, a form of Parvati 1504: 1432: 1405: 1378: 1339: 1283: 1271: 1208: 1058: 1025: 1008: 999: 935: 883: 867: 842: 832:Manly Palmer Hall, ed. (1949). 825: 786: 48:Patron and Guardian Goddess of 1697:, New Delhi: Sahitya Akademi, 942:Klaus K. Klostermaier (2014). 761: 729: 674: 659: 586: 244: 236: 228: 13: 1: 2022:, Madurai Kamraj University, 1628:, California: ABC-CLIO, LLC, 1625:Encyclopedia of Sacred Places 1622:Brockman, Norbert C. (2011), 1412:Edwin Francis Bryant (2007). 1352:. Routledge. pp. 20–21. 903:William Norman Brown (1978). 580: 2001:Art shrines of ancient India 1830:National Geographic (2008), 1388:Art Shrines of Ancient India 1349:Hinduism in the Modern World 666:Menon, A. Sreedhara (1978). 307: 7: 2034:V., Vriddhagirisan (1995), 1731:Harman, William P. (1992), 1036:. New Delhi: Shakti Books. 1032:Chawla, Janet, ed. (2006). 981:Harshananda, Swami (2012). 980: 383: 377: 351: 345: 339: 329: 323: 313: 213: 196: 10: 2634: 1999:V.K., Subramanian (2003), 1910:Ramaswamy, Vijaya (2007), 1873:Indian Sculpture, Volume 2 1870:Pal, Pratapaditya (1988), 1851:Nicholson, Louise (1997), 1674:Cotterell, Arthur (2011), 1583:Thirunavukkarasar (2004), 1512:Rajarajan, R.K.K. (2013). 1385:V. K. Subramanian (2003). 1323:Temple Towns of Tamil Nadu 1296:. Routledge. p. 401. 835:Horizon, Volume 9, Issue 3 793:William P. Harman (1992). 620:William P. Harman (1992). 32:Meenakshi (disambiguation) 29: 2572: 2483: 2401: 2259: 2248: 2118: 1750:King, Anthony D. (2005), 1484:India: A Sacred Geography 1346:Brian A. Hatcher (2015). 1325:. Marg. pp. 94–113. 1176:Vijaya Ramaswamy (2017). 948:. Oneworld. p. 153. 876:Journal of Indian History 768:Nelson, Louis P. (2006). 755:Journal of Kerala Studies 685:. Routledge. p. 27. 457: 205: 185: 165: 150: 138: 115: 110: 100: 90: 76: 68: 56: 46: 41: 2556:Yoga Sutras of Patanjali 1893:The embodiment of bhakti 1809:Michell, George (1995), 983:Hindu Pilgrimage Centres 736:Fiedler, Amanda (2006). 538:led by Muslim Commander 406: 1771:Kinsley, David (1998), 1693:Datta, Amaresh (2005), 1676:Asia: A Concise History 1566:"Campantar Tirumurai 3" 1547:"Campantar Tirumurai 1" 1065:Richman, Paula (1997). 462:The 13th century Tamil 413:the early modern period 1614:India through the ages 571:Meenakshi Tirukalyanam 507: 468:Tiruvilaiyadal Puranam 455: 424:Meenakshi Pancharatnam 1976:Smith, David (1996), 1657:Symbolism In Hinduism 1415:Krishna: A Sourcebook 494: 439: 2073:at Wikimedia Commons 1107:Susan Bayly (1989). 105:Rose-ringed parakeet 1790:Knott, Kim (2000), 1578:on 5 February 2018. 1559:on 5 February 2018. 1439:T. Padmaja (2002). 1097:, pp. 326–327. 545:Vijayanagara Empire 516:Madurai, Tamil Nadu 472:Malayadhvaja Pandya 417:Neelakanta Dikshita 123:Malayadhvaja Pandya 1599:on 5 February 2018 1564:Campantar (2004). 1545:Campantar (2004). 1526:"Temple theertham" 1156:www.britannica.com 508: 478:, who performed a 428:Lalita Sahasranama 2590: 2589: 2069:Media related to 2038:Nayaks of Tanjore 1956:978-0-7914-7245-3 1923:978-0-470-82958-5 1862:978-1-4262-0595-8 1843:978-1-4262-0336-7 1742:978-1-59884-655-3 1723:978-0-691-12048-5 1685:978-0-470-82958-5 1666:978-81-7597-149-3 1655:Compiled (2008), 1635:978-1-59884-655-3 1586:Appar Tirumurai 6 1494:978-0-385-53192-4 1452:978-81-7017-398-4 1425:978-0-19-803400-1 1398:978-81-7017-431-8 1375:, pp. 34–47. 1359:978-1-135-04631-6 1268:, pp. 39–40. 1256:, pp. 72–74. 1189:978-1-5381-0686-0 1120:978-0-521-89103-5 992:978-81-7907-053-6 955:978-1-78074-672-2 806:978-81-208-0810-2 633:978-81-208-0810-2 211: 194: 175: 174: 63:Goddess Meenakshi 16:(Redirected from 2625: 2603:Forms of Parvati 2254: 2101: 2094: 2087: 2078: 2077: 2068: 2052: 2041: 2030: 2013: 1994: 1983: 1971: 1970: 1968: 1938: 1937: 1935: 1905: 1886: 1865: 1846: 1825: 1804: 1785: 1766: 1745: 1726: 1707: 1688: 1669: 1650: 1649: 1647: 1618: 1607: 1606: 1604: 1598: 1591: 1579: 1577: 1570: 1560: 1558: 1551: 1541: 1539: 1537: 1532:on 28 March 2012 1521: 1499: 1498: 1475: 1469: 1463: 1457: 1456: 1436: 1430: 1429: 1409: 1403: 1402: 1382: 1376: 1370: 1364: 1363: 1343: 1337: 1336: 1332:978-81-85026-213 1318: 1309: 1307: 1287: 1281: 1275: 1269: 1263: 1257: 1251: 1245: 1244: 1242: 1240: 1212: 1206: 1205: 1203: 1201: 1173: 1167: 1166: 1164: 1162: 1148: 1137: 1136: 1134: 1132: 1104: 1098: 1092: 1086: 1085:, p. 44-47. 1080: 1071: 1070: 1062: 1056: 1055: 1029: 1023: 1022: 1012: 1006: 1003: 997: 996: 978: 972: 971: 969: 967: 939: 933: 932: 930: 928: 900: 894: 887: 881: 880: 871: 865: 864: 846: 840: 839: 829: 823: 822: 820: 818: 790: 784: 783: 765: 759: 758: 751: 742: 741: 733: 727: 726: 706: 697: 696: 678: 672: 671: 663: 657: 656: 647: 638: 637: 617: 600: 599: 590: 501:Meenakshi Temple 487:Meenakshi Temple 386: 380: 370: 367: 364: 361: 358: 354: 352:Aṅgayaṟkaṇṇammai 348: 342: 332: 326: 316: 286:Meenakshi Temple 247: 246: 239: 238: 231: 230: 225:; also known as 216: 210:romanized:  209: 207: 199: 189: 187: 61: 39: 38: 21: 2633: 2632: 2628: 2627: 2626: 2624: 2623: 2622: 2593: 2592: 2591: 2586: 2582:Hindu mythology 2568: 2479: 2397: 2255: 2246: 2114: 2105: 2061: 2056: 2050: 2018:D. Uma (2015), 2011: 1992: 1966: 1964: 1957: 1933: 1931: 1924: 1903: 1884: 1863: 1844: 1823: 1802: 1783: 1764: 1743: 1724: 1705: 1686: 1667: 1645: 1643: 1636: 1602: 1600: 1596: 1589: 1575: 1568: 1556: 1549: 1535: 1533: 1507: 1502: 1495: 1476: 1472: 1464: 1460: 1453: 1437: 1433: 1426: 1410: 1406: 1399: 1383: 1379: 1371: 1367: 1360: 1344: 1340: 1333: 1319: 1312: 1304: 1288: 1284: 1276: 1272: 1264: 1260: 1252: 1248: 1238: 1236: 1229: 1213: 1209: 1199: 1197: 1190: 1174: 1170: 1160: 1158: 1150: 1149: 1140: 1130: 1128: 1121: 1105: 1101: 1093: 1089: 1081: 1074: 1063: 1059: 1044: 1030: 1026: 1013: 1009: 1004: 1000: 993: 979: 975: 965: 963: 956: 940: 936: 926: 924: 901: 897: 888: 884: 873: 872: 868: 861: 847: 843: 830: 826: 816: 814: 807: 791: 787: 780: 766: 762: 753: 752: 745: 734: 730: 707: 700: 693: 679: 675: 664: 660: 649: 648: 641: 634: 618: 603: 592: 591: 587: 583: 536:Delhi Sultanate 532:Tirumala Nayaka 489: 460: 409: 368: 365: 362: 359: 310: 134: 64: 52: 35: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 2631: 2621: 2620: 2615: 2613:Tamil monarchs 2610: 2605: 2588: 2587: 2585: 2584: 2579: 2573: 2570: 2569: 2567: 2566: 2559: 2552: 2551: 2550: 2536: 2529: 2524: 2519: 2518: 2517: 2512: 2507: 2502: 2491: 2489: 2481: 2480: 2478: 2477: 2468: 2463: 2458: 2453: 2448: 2443: 2438: 2433: 2428: 2427: 2426: 2421: 2411: 2405: 2403: 2399: 2398: 2396: 2395: 2388: 2383: 2378: 2373: 2368: 2363: 2358: 2353: 2348: 2343: 2338: 2333: 2328: 2323: 2318: 2313: 2308: 2303: 2298: 2293: 2288: 2287: 2286: 2281: 2276: 2265: 2263: 2257: 2256: 2249: 2247: 2245: 2244: 2237: 2232: 2227: 2222: 2217: 2212: 2207: 2202: 2197: 2192: 2187: 2182: 2177: 2172: 2167: 2162: 2157: 2152: 2147: 2146: 2145: 2140: 2135: 2124: 2122: 2116: 2115: 2104: 2103: 2096: 2089: 2081: 2075: 2074: 2060: 2059:External links 2057: 2055: 2054: 2048: 2031: 2015: 2009: 1996: 1990: 1973: 1955: 1940: 1922: 1907: 1901: 1888: 1882: 1867: 1861: 1848: 1842: 1827: 1821: 1806: 1800: 1787: 1781: 1768: 1762: 1747: 1741: 1728: 1722: 1709: 1703: 1690: 1684: 1671: 1665: 1652: 1634: 1619: 1608: 1580: 1561: 1542: 1522: 1508: 1506: 1503: 1501: 1500: 1493: 1470: 1468:, p. 181. 1458: 1451: 1431: 1424: 1404: 1397: 1377: 1365: 1358: 1338: 1331: 1310: 1302: 1282: 1270: 1258: 1246: 1227: 1207: 1188: 1168: 1138: 1119: 1099: 1087: 1072: 1057: 1042: 1024: 1007: 998: 991: 973: 954: 934: 895: 882: 866: 859: 841: 824: 805: 785: 778: 760: 743: 728: 698: 691: 673: 658: 639: 632: 601: 584: 582: 579: 512:temple complex 488: 485: 470:mentions king 459: 456: 408: 405: 309: 306: 271:Pandya kingdom 255:tutelary deity 173: 172: 170:Pandya dynasty 167: 163: 162: 152: 148: 147: 140: 136: 135: 133: 132: 126: 119: 117: 113: 112: 108: 107: 102: 98: 97: 92: 88: 87: 78: 74: 73: 70: 66: 65: 62: 54: 53: 47: 44: 43: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 2630: 2619: 2618:Pandyan kings 2616: 2614: 2611: 2609: 2608:Tamil deities 2606: 2604: 2601: 2600: 2598: 2583: 2580: 2578: 2575: 2574: 2571: 2565: 2564: 2560: 2558: 2557: 2553: 2549: 2548: 2547:Bhagavad Gita 2544: 2543: 2542: 2541: 2537: 2535: 2534: 2530: 2528: 2525: 2523: 2520: 2516: 2513: 2511: 2508: 2506: 2503: 2501: 2498: 2497: 2496: 2493: 2492: 2490: 2487: 2482: 2476: 2472: 2469: 2467: 2464: 2462: 2459: 2457: 2454: 2452: 2449: 2447: 2444: 2442: 2439: 2437: 2434: 2432: 2429: 2425: 2422: 2420: 2417: 2416: 2415: 2412: 2410: 2407: 2406: 2404: 2402:Other deities 2400: 2394: 2393: 2389: 2387: 2384: 2382: 2379: 2377: 2374: 2372: 2369: 2367: 2364: 2362: 2359: 2357: 2354: 2352: 2349: 2347: 2344: 2342: 2339: 2337: 2334: 2332: 2329: 2327: 2324: 2322: 2319: 2317: 2314: 2312: 2309: 2307: 2304: 2302: 2299: 2297: 2294: 2292: 2289: 2285: 2282: 2280: 2277: 2275: 2272: 2271: 2270: 2267: 2266: 2264: 2262: 2258: 2253: 2243: 2242: 2238: 2236: 2233: 2231: 2228: 2226: 2223: 2221: 2218: 2216: 2213: 2211: 2208: 2206: 2203: 2201: 2198: 2196: 2193: 2191: 2188: 2186: 2183: 2181: 2178: 2176: 2173: 2171: 2168: 2166: 2163: 2161: 2158: 2156: 2153: 2151: 2148: 2144: 2141: 2139: 2136: 2134: 2131: 2130: 2129: 2126: 2125: 2123: 2121: 2117: 2113: 2109: 2108:Hindu deities 2102: 2097: 2095: 2090: 2088: 2083: 2082: 2079: 2072: 2067: 2063: 2062: 2051: 2049:81-206-0996-4 2045: 2040: 2039: 2032: 2029: 2025: 2021: 2016: 2012: 2010:81-7017-431-7 2006: 2002: 1997: 1993: 1991:0-521-48234-8 1987: 1982: 1981: 1974: 1962: 1958: 1952: 1948: 1947: 1941: 1929: 1925: 1919: 1915: 1914: 1908: 1904: 1902:0-19-512813-3 1898: 1894: 1889: 1885: 1883:0-87587-129-1 1879: 1875: 1874: 1868: 1864: 1858: 1854: 1849: 1845: 1839: 1835: 1834: 1828: 1824: 1822:0-521-44110-2 1818: 1814: 1813: 1807: 1803: 1797: 1793: 1788: 1784: 1782:81-208-0394-9 1778: 1774: 1769: 1765: 1763:0-203-48075-9 1759: 1755: 1754: 1748: 1744: 1738: 1734: 1729: 1725: 1719: 1715: 1710: 1706: 1704:81-260-1194-7 1700: 1696: 1691: 1687: 1681: 1677: 1672: 1668: 1662: 1658: 1653: 1641: 1637: 1631: 1627: 1626: 1620: 1616: 1615: 1609: 1595: 1588: 1587: 1581: 1574: 1567: 1562: 1555: 1548: 1543: 1531: 1527: 1523: 1519: 1515: 1510: 1509: 1496: 1490: 1486: 1485: 1480: 1474: 1467: 1462: 1454: 1448: 1444: 1443: 1435: 1427: 1421: 1417: 1416: 1408: 1400: 1394: 1390: 1389: 1381: 1374: 1369: 1361: 1355: 1351: 1350: 1342: 1334: 1328: 1324: 1317: 1315: 1305: 1303:1-135-35624-6 1299: 1295: 1294: 1286: 1279: 1274: 1267: 1262: 1255: 1250: 1234: 1230: 1228:9781443867344 1224: 1220: 1219: 1211: 1195: 1191: 1185: 1181: 1180: 1172: 1157: 1153: 1147: 1145: 1143: 1126: 1122: 1116: 1112: 1111: 1103: 1096: 1095:Brockman 2011 1091: 1084: 1079: 1077: 1068: 1061: 1053: 1049: 1045: 1039: 1035: 1028: 1020: 1019: 1011: 1002: 994: 988: 984: 977: 961: 957: 951: 947: 946: 938: 922: 918: 914: 910: 906: 899: 892: 886: 878: 877: 870: 862: 860:9781107111622 856: 852: 845: 837: 836: 828: 812: 808: 802: 798: 797: 789: 781: 779:9780253218223 775: 771: 764: 756: 750: 748: 739: 732: 724: 720: 716: 712: 705: 703: 694: 692:9781135789961 688: 684: 677: 669: 662: 654: 653: 646: 644: 635: 629: 625: 624: 616: 614: 612: 610: 608: 606: 597: 596: 589: 585: 578: 576: 572: 566: 564: 563: 558: 557: 552: 551: 546: 541: 537: 533: 527: 525: 521: 520:Sundareśvarar 517: 513: 506: 502: 498: 493: 484: 481: 477: 476:Kanchanamalai 474:and his wife 473: 469: 465: 454: 452: 448: 444: 438: 435: 433: 429: 425: 422: 418: 414: 404: 402: 398: 394: 388: 385: 379: 374: 353: 347: 341: 336: 331: 325: 320: 315: 305: 303: 299: 296:. Meenakshi, 295: 291: 287: 282: 280: 276: 272: 268: 264: 260: 256: 253:. She is the 252: 251:Hindu goddess 248: 240: 232: 224: 220: 215: 203: 198: 192: 183: 179: 171: 168: 164: 160: 156: 155:Sundareśvarar 153: 149: 145: 141: 137: 130: 129:Kanchanamalai 127: 124: 121: 120: 118: 114: 109: 106: 103: 99: 96: 93: 89: 86: 82: 79: 75: 71: 67: 60: 55: 51: 45: 40: 37: 33: 19: 2561: 2554: 2545: 2538: 2531: 2456:Gramadevatas 2390: 2239: 2037: 2028:10603/135484 2019: 2000: 1979: 1965:, retrieved 1945: 1932:, retrieved 1912: 1892: 1872: 1852: 1832: 1811: 1791: 1772: 1752: 1732: 1713: 1694: 1675: 1656: 1644:, retrieved 1624: 1613: 1601:, retrieved 1594:the original 1585: 1573:the original 1554:the original 1534:. Retrieved 1530:the original 1505:Bibliography 1483: 1479:Diana L. Eck 1473: 1461: 1441: 1434: 1414: 1407: 1387: 1380: 1368: 1348: 1341: 1322: 1292: 1285: 1278:Michell 1995 1273: 1261: 1249: 1237:. Retrieved 1217: 1210: 1198:. Retrieved 1178: 1171: 1159:. Retrieved 1155: 1129:. Retrieved 1109: 1102: 1090: 1066: 1060: 1033: 1027: 1017: 1010: 1001: 982: 976: 964:. Retrieved 944: 937: 925:. Retrieved 908: 898: 890: 885: 875: 869: 850: 844: 834: 827: 815:. Retrieved 795: 788: 769: 763: 754: 737: 731: 718: 714: 682: 676: 667: 661: 651: 622: 594: 588: 567: 562:garbhagrihas 560: 554: 548: 528: 522:, a form of 519: 509: 461: 447:metel flower 440: 436: 431: 410: 389: 346:Aṅgayaṟkaṇṇi 311: 283: 275:Adi Shankara 242: 234: 229:Aṅgayaṟkaṇṇi 226: 222: 177: 176: 36: 2540:Mahabharata 2451:Kuladevatas 2230:Vishvakarma 1646:25 November 1603:25 November 1373:D. Uma 2015 1266:D. Uma 2015 1200:25 November 1131:25 November 1083:Harman 1992 540:Malik Kafur 401:Vishalakshi 381:'fish' and 327:'fish' and 77:Affiliation 69:Other names 2597:Categories 2522:Upanishads 2441:Gandharvas 2165:Dattatreya 1801:0192853872 1466:Gopal 1990 1280:, pp. 9-10 1043:8124109389 581:References 559:above the 441:The great 393:Adi Shakti 302:Visalakshi 294:Tamil Nadu 279:Shri Vidya 2461:Rakshasas 2331:Mahavidya 2274:Saraswati 2261:Goddesses 2190:Kartikeya 1967:3 October 1934:3 October 1536:6 October 1254:King 2005 1239:3 October 1161:1 January 1152:"Madurai" 1052:181090767 917:871468571 451:your work 445:with the 340:Taḍādakai 308:Etymology 245:Taḍādakai 191:romanized 178:Meenakshi 111:Genealogy 42:Meenakshi 2577:Hinduism 2533:Ramayana 2475:Yakshini 2381:Shashthi 2341:Matrikas 2326:Mahadevi 2128:Trimurti 2071:Minakshi 1961:archived 1928:archived 1640:archived 1518:Archived 1481:(2013). 1233:Archived 1194:Archived 1125:Archived 960:Archived 921:Archived 811:Archived 723:Archived 550:gopurams 397:Kamakshi 387:'rule'. 319:Sanskrit 298:Kamakshi 223:Minakshi 206:மீனாக்ஷி 186:मीनाक्षि 182:Sanskrit 142:Aḻagar ( 139:Siblings 131:(mother) 125:(father) 18:Minakshi 2527:Puranas 2515:Atharva 2484:Texts ( 2471:Yakshas 2466:Vahanas 2436:Dikpāla 2409:Apsaras 2361:Rukmini 2336:Matangi 2284:Parvati 2279:Lakshmi 2269:Tridevi 2195:Krishna 2175:Hanuman 2170:Ganesha 2160:Chandra 2155:Ashvins 556:vimanas 505:Madurai 497:Gopuram 421:stotram 360:  314:Mīnākṣī 290:Madurai 263:Parvati 259:Madurai 249:) is a 237:Mīnāṭci 219:spelled 217:; also 214:Mīṉākṣi 197:Mīnākṣi 193::  166:Dynasty 151:Consort 116:Parents 101:Animals 95:Madurai 81:Parvati 50:Madurai 2431:Devata 2424:Danava 2419:Daitya 2414:Asuras 2376:Shakti 2366:Sanjna 2356:Rohini 2316:Shachi 2301:Chhaya 2220:Varuna 2210:Shasta 2200:Kubera 2138:Vishnu 2133:Brahma 2046:  2007:  1988:  1953:  1920:  1899:  1880:  1859:  1840:  1819:  1798:  1779:  1760:  1739:  1720:  1701:  1682:  1663:  1632:  1491:  1449:  1422:  1395:  1356:  1329:  1300:  1225:  1186:  1117:  1050:  1040:  989:  966:5 June 952:  927:5 June 915:  857:  817:5 June 803:  776:  689:  630:  464:Shaiva 458:Legend 419:. The 375:words 300:, and 144:Vishnu 2510:Yajur 2495:Vedas 2346:Radha 2311:Ganga 2306:Durga 2296:Bhumi 2291:Aditi 2215:Surya 2180:Indra 2143:Shiva 2112:texts 1597:(PDF) 1590:(PDF) 1576:(PDF) 1569:(PDF) 1557:(PDF) 1550:(PDF) 575:ratha 524:Shiva 480:yajna 466:text 443:Shiva 407:Texts 373:Tamil 337:name 335:Tamil 317:is a 267:Shiva 202:Tamil 159:Shiva 91:Abode 2563:more 2505:Sama 2486:list 2446:Gana 2392:more 2386:Sita 2371:Sati 2351:Rati 2321:Kali 2241:more 2235:Yama 2225:Vayu 2205:Rama 2185:Kama 2150:Agni 2120:Gods 2110:and 2044:ISBN 2005:ISBN 1986:ISBN 1969:2020 1951:ISBN 1936:2020 1918:ISBN 1897:ISBN 1878:ISBN 1857:ISBN 1838:ISBN 1817:ISBN 1796:ISBN 1777:ISBN 1758:ISBN 1737:ISBN 1718:ISBN 1699:ISBN 1680:ISBN 1661:ISBN 1648:2017 1630:ISBN 1605:2017 1538:2012 1489:ISBN 1447:ISBN 1420:ISBN 1393:ISBN 1354:ISBN 1327:ISBN 1298:ISBN 1241:2020 1223:ISBN 1202:2017 1184:ISBN 1163:2023 1133:2017 1115:ISBN 1048:OCLC 1038:ISBN 987:ISBN 968:2018 950:ISBN 929:2018 913:OCLC 855:ISBN 819:2018 801:ISBN 774:ISBN 687:ISBN 628:ISBN 510:The 384:āṭci 357:lit. 330:akṣī 324:mīna 241:and 85:Devi 2500:Rig 2024:hdl 719:XXV 514:in 503:at 499:of 378:mīn 349:or 288:in 277:as 257:of 221:as 2599:: 2473:/ 1959:, 1926:, 1638:, 1313:^ 1231:. 1192:. 1154:. 1141:^ 1123:. 1075:^ 1046:. 958:. 919:. 907:. 809:. 746:^ 717:. 713:. 701:^ 642:^ 604:^ 526:. 495:A 399:, 395:: 292:, 281:. 233:, 208:, 204:: 200:, 188:, 184:: 83:, 2488:) 2100:e 2093:t 2086:v 2053:. 2026:: 2014:. 1995:. 1972:. 1939:. 1906:. 1887:. 1866:. 1847:. 1826:. 1805:. 1786:. 1767:. 1746:. 1727:. 1708:. 1689:. 1670:. 1651:. 1540:. 1497:. 1455:. 1428:. 1401:. 1362:. 1335:. 1306:. 1243:. 1204:. 1165:. 1135:. 1054:. 995:. 970:. 931:. 863:. 821:. 782:. 695:. 636:. 369:' 363:' 355:( 180:( 161:) 157:( 146:) 34:. 20:)

Index

Minakshi
Meenakshi (disambiguation)
Madurai

Parvati
Devi
Madurai
Rose-ringed parakeet
Malayadhvaja Pandya
Kanchanamalai
Vishnu
Sundareśvarar
Shiva
Pandya dynasty
Sanskrit
romanized
Tamil
spelled
Hindu goddess
tutelary deity
Madurai
Parvati
Shiva
Pandya kingdom
Adi Shankara
Shri Vidya
Meenakshi Temple
Madurai
Tamil Nadu
Kamakshi

Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.