1129:(which has dimensions of energy times time, thus mass × length / time) together with other physical constants. This resolution was accepted by the 24th conference of the CGPM in October 2011 and further discussed at the 25th conference in 2014. Although the Committee recognised that significant progress had been made, they concluded that the data did not yet appear sufficiently robust to adopt the revised definition, and that work should continue to enable the adoption at the 26th meeting, scheduled for 2018. Such a definition would theoretically permit any apparatus that was capable of delineating the kilogram in terms of the Planck constant to be used as long as it possessed sufficient precision, accuracy and stability. The
1585:
682:
49:
999:
1027:
3968:
1141:
ultimately based on, or traceable to, physical constants. Others were based on devices that measured either the acceleration or weight of hand-tuned kilogram test masses and which expressed their magnitudes in electrical terms via special components that permit traceability to physical constants. All approaches depend on converting a weight measurement to a mass and therefore require precise measurement of the strength of gravity in laboratories (
3469:
3447:
3429:
3415:
3402:
3389:
3376:
3361:
3347:
1140:
were considered and explored over many years. Some of these approaches were based on equipment and procedures that would enable the reproducible production of new, kilogram-mass prototypes on demand (albeit with extraordinary effort) using measurement techniques and material properties that are
1052:(IPK) as the primary standard was motivated by evidence accumulated over a long period of time that the mass of the IPK and its replicas had been changing; the IPK had diverged from its replicas by approximately 50 micrograms since their manufacture late in the 19th century. This led to
1557:
The former standard spelling and abbreviation "deka-" and "dk" produced abbreviations such as "dkm" (dekametre) and "dkg" (dekagram). As of 2020, the abbreviation "dkg" (10 g) is still used in parts of central Europe in retail for some foods such as cheese and
1571:
is instead used. The tonne and its symbol, "t", were adopted by the CIPM in 1879. It is a non-SI unit accepted by the BIPM for use with the SI. According to the BIPM, "This unit is sometimes referred to as 'metric ton' in some
English-speaking
932:
system states that "SI (International System of Units) usage, followed in scientific and technical writing" does not allow its usage and it is described as "a common informal name" on Russ
Rowlett's Dictionary of Units of Measurement. When the
3028:
1534:
Serious medication errors have been made by confusing milligrams and micrograms when micrograms has been abbreviated. The abbreviation "mcg" rather than the SI symbol "μg" is formally mandated for medical practitioners in the US by the
1101:, previously similarly having been defined with reference to a single platinum-iridium bar with two marks on it, was redefined in terms of an invariant physical constant (the wavelength of a particular emission of light emitted by
3500:
3036:
1832:
895:
being adopted in the United States. In the United
Kingdom both spellings are used, with "kilogram" having become by far the more common. UK law regulating the units to be used when
1818:
1565:
is rarely used, and even then typically only in technical fields in contexts where especially rigorous consistency with the SI standard is desired. For most purposes, the name
1536:
2315:
2518:
3629:"The role of the Planck constant in physics" – presentation at 26th CGPM meeting at Versailles, France, November 2018 when voting on superseding the IPK took place
1056:
to develop measurement technology precise enough to warrant replacing the kilogram artefact with a definition based directly on physical fundamental constants.
724:
was manufactured as a prototype. It had a mass equal to the mass of 1 dm of water at the temperature of its maximum density, which is approximately 4
3058:
3180:
3552:
3591:
3544:
3433:
3088:
1543:
and
Scottish Palliative Care Guidelines state that "micrograms" and "nanograms" must both be written in full, and never abbreviated as "mcg" or "μg".
1540:
1137:
1053:
2917:"General Conference on Weights and Measures approves possible changes to the International System of Units, including redefinition of the kilogram"
1060:
2777:
Recommendation 1: Preparative steps towards new definitions of the kilogram, the ampere, the kelvin and the mole in terms of fundamental constants
2593:
2397:
896:
3366:
3240:
2480:
3573:
3451:
2784:
1628:
1902:
3380:
3009:
2751:
2678:
1868:
2728:
2655:
2575:
953:
3943:
3518:
1088:
Prior to the redefinition, the kilogram and several other SI units based on the kilogram were defined by a man-made metal artifact: the
2923:
1116:
963:
759:
376:
1895:
Draft
Resolution A "On the revision of the International System of units (SI)" to be submitted to the CGPM at its 26th meeting (2018)
2292:
Collection complète des lois, décrets, ordonnances, règlemens avis du
Conseil d'état, publiée sur les éditions officielles du Louvre
2020:
Gramme, le poids absolu d'un volume d'eau pure égal au cube de la centième partie du mètre, et à la température de la glace fondante
323:(IPK), became the standard of the unit of mass for the metric system and remained so for 130 years, before the current standard was
279:
1751:
1716:
1049:
891:
The French spelling was adopted in Great
Britain when the word was used for the first time in English in 1795, with the spelling
736:
686:
320:
2230:
3351:
3210:
2049:
1971:
1812:
2003:
3628:
2607:
2544:
1085:, effectively defining the kilogram in terms of the second and the metre. The new definition took effect on May 20, 2019.
3270:
2402:
957:
2240:
236:
3659:
2361:
1109:) so that the standard can be independently reproduced in different laboratories by following a written specification.
3579:
3530:
3507:
3299:
2745:
2672:
3393:
3849:
3062:
3501:
Are any problems caused by having the kilogram defined in terms of a physical artefact? (FAQ – Mass & Density)
1584:
3188:
1987:
2608:"Metric System of Measurement:Interpretation of the International System of Units for the United States; Notice"
3953:
3130:
67:
2096:
3668:
1666:
1003:
244:
3436:, the BIPM's modern precision balance featuring a standard deviation of one ten-billionth of a kilogram (0.1
1674:
918:, was imported into the English language where it has been used to mean both kilogram and kilometre. While
251:. It is a widely used measure in science, engineering and commerce worldwide, and is often simply called a
2196:, which would correspond to about 1.14 grams in modern units), at some time during Late Antiquity. French
383:
The kilogram, symbol kg, is the SI unit of mass. It is defined by taking the fixed numerical value of the
681:
2310:) on which this definition depends was itself defined as the ten-millionth part of a quarter of Earth's
2916:
2152:) means "something written, a letter", but it came to be used as a unit of weight, apparently equal to
2065:
1154:
836:
17:
2070:
1799:
3584:
3248:
2869:. 24th meeting of the General Conference on Weights and Measures. Sèvres, France. October 17–21, 2011
2493:
2457:
2429:
1112:
At the 94th
Meeting of the CIPM in 2005, it was recommended that the same be done with the kilogram.
2947:"The watt or Kibble balance: A technique for implementing the new SI definition of the unit of mass"
2775:
3907:
3494:
3084:
2783:. 94th meeting of the International Committee for Weights and Measures. October 2005. p. 233.
1893:
311:
3568:
3005:
2732:
2659:
3948:
3462:
kg maximum mass. Also used by NIST and Sandia
National Laboratories' Primary Standards Laboratory
2235:
1999:
1712:
1145:). All approaches would have precisely fixed one or more constants of nature at a defined value.
1090:
1064:
1043:
973:
For use with east Asian character sets, the SI symbol is encoded as a single
Unicode character,
743:
721:
324:
263:
2579:
1195:, which already has a prefix as part of its name. For instance, one-millionth of a kilogram is 1
4004:
3999:
3994:
3652:
2137:
1038:
in terms of the IPK, can now be used to calibrate secondary standard weights for practical use.
934:
316:
3515:
1961:
3168:
2836:
2297:
970:
states that "It is not permissible to use abbreviations for unit symbols or unit names ...".
909:
2861:
1759:
2958:
2863:
Resolution 1 – On the possible future revision of the International System of Units, the SI
2311:
2266:[Decree of 18 Germinal, year III (April 7, 1795) regarding weights and measures].
2005:
Annales de chimie ou Recueil de mémoires concernant la chimie et les arts qui en dépendent
1918:
8:
3933:
2392:
2041:
Revolution in Measurement: Western European Weights and Measures Since the Age of Science
2035:
841:
305:. The current definition of a kilogram agrees with this original definition to within 30
302:
31:
3560:
2962:
2703:
1699:
Il n'est pas autorisé d'utiliser des abréviations pour les symboles et noms d'unités ...
3484:
2981:
2946:
2191:
1616:
666:
2452:
2424:
2270:(in French). Digithèque de matériaux juridiques et politiques, Université de Perpignan
3971:
3857:
3645:
3126:
2986:
2971:
2741:
2668:
2587:
2045:
1991:
1967:
1808:
1164:
987:
670:
306:
294:
3473:
3328:
2576:"H.R. 596, An Act to authorize the use of the metric system of weights and measures"
1934:
1119:(CGPM), to "take note of an intention" that the kilogram be defined in terms of the
3477:
2976:
2966:
2615:
2215:
1922:
1640:
1160:
755:
732:
198:
3218:
2039:
1780:
371:, which when combined with the metre and second, defines the mass of the kilogram.
48:
3724:
3522:
3406:
3013:
2263:
1171:
1120:
1068:
1035:
1015:
792:
747:
384:
365:
275:
1115:
In October 2010, the CIPM voted to submit a resolution for consideration at the
3877:
3809:
3422:, an Austrian-made precision balance, was used by the NIST from 1945 until 1960
2809:
2624:
2552:
1670:
1610:
1604:
1590:
1130:
1106:
1031:
1011:
998:
751:
355:
287:
3274:
3059:"New Joint Commission "Do Not Use" List: Abbreviations, Acronyms, and Symbols"
937:
gave the metric system legal status in 1866, it permitted the use of the word
3988:
3938:
3862:
3799:
3789:
3419:
2573:
2488:
1995:
1634:
1622:
924:
219:
2837:"Draft Chapter 2 for SI Brochure, following redefinitions of the base units"
2727:
2654:
2264:"Décret relatif aux poids et aux mesures du 18 germinal an 3 (7 avril 1795)"
2141:
1794:
3882:
3839:
3824:
3779:
3759:
3676:
3596:
2990:
1026:
929:
859:
772:
703:
695:
137:
3592:"In the balance: scientists vote on first change to kilogram in a century"
3303:
3061:. American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. Archived from
3754:
3709:
3495:
NIST Improves Accuracy of 'Watt Balance' Method for Defining the Kilogram
2321:
840:, which revised the provisional system of units introduced by the French
801:
169:
122:
3580:
Avogadro and molar Planck constants for the redefinition of the kilogram
2891:
1142:
1006:
after the 2019 redefinition: the kilogram is now fixed in terms of the
714:
665:
This definition is generally consistent with previous definitions: the
361:, which when combined with the second, defines the length of the metre,
3819:
3734:
2245:
1182:
810:
776:
341:
283:
54:
1631: – Measurement standards laboratory in the United States (NIST)
404:
when expressed in the unit J⋅s, which is equal to kg⋅m⋅s, where the
962:, which contains all relevant decisions and recommendations by the
179:
3618:
713:
of a kilogram) was provisionally defined as the mass of one cubic
3887:
3872:
3814:
3744:
3739:
3689:
3632:
3622:
3152:
un e. di caffè, un e. di mortadella; formaggio a 2000 lire l'etto
1598:
1554:) is a very commonly used unit in the retail food trade in Italy.
1175:
1102:
725:
286:
laboratory can calibrate a mass measurement instrument such as a
3167:, "Official Abbreviations of International Metric Units", 1932,
2810:"NIST Backs Proposal for a Revamped System of Measurement Units"
2382:
Contemporaneous English translation of the French decree of 1795
1711:
Criterion: A combined total of at least five occurrences on the
335:
The kilogram is defined in terms of three defining constants:
3902:
3804:
3714:
3694:
3684:
3537:
3211:"Sedliacka šunka 1 dkg | Gazdovský dvor – Farma Busov Gaboltov"
2221:
1833:"Mise en pratique for the definition of the kilogram in the SI"
1795:
1646:
1019:
1007:
409:
267:
3553:
What are the differences between mass, weight, force and load?
2574:
29th Congress of the United States, Session 1 (May 13, 1866).
1986:
993:
689:, whose mass was defined to be one kilogram from 1889 to 2019.
3917:
3912:
3897:
3774:
3769:
3764:
3749:
3704:
3367:
Steam cleaning a 1 kg prototype before a mass comparison
2169:
2147:
2135:
2129:
1567:
1537:
Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations
1334:
1098:
822:
805:
699:
698:(the precursor of the kilogram) was defined as the mass of 1
405:
298:
271:
146:
2290:
Convention nationale, décret du 1 août 1793, ed. Duvergier,
2008:. Vol. 15–16. Paris: Chez Joseph de Boffe. p. 277.
821:, a Late Latin term for "a small weight", itself from Greek
315:
replaced it as the standard of mass. In 1889, a cylinder of
3892:
3834:
3829:
3637:
1869:"The new kilogram just debuted. It's a massive achievement"
1719:, including both the singular and the plural for both the -
1187:
1067:
in November 2018 that defines the kilogram by defining the
256:
240:
188:
82:
53:
A series of 5, 2, 1, 0.5 and 0.2 kilogram weights, made of
1696:
The French text (which is the authoritative text) states "
3867:
3794:
3784:
3181:"Jestřebická hovězí šunka 10 dkg | Rancherské speciality"
436:
Defined in term of those units, the kg is formulated as:
3480:), used in national laboratories to measure gravity to 2
1528:
3287:
Beef steak 20 dkg; Beef steak 40 dkg;Thick crust 35 dkg
3165:
The International Metric System of Weights and Measures
1181:
Because an SI unit may not have multiple prefixes (see
1159:"Milligram" redirects here. For the American band, see
856:) of a cubic centimetre of water, equal to 1/1000 of a
293:
The kilogram was originally defined in 1795 during the
72:
3585:
Realization of the awaited definition of the kilogram
3536:
International Bureau of Weights and Measures (BIPM):
3531:
Redefining the kilogram through the Avogadro constant
2461:(2nd ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. 1989
2433:(2nd ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. 1989
2359:
1607: – Electromechanical weight measuring instrument
1170:"Miligram" redirects here. For the Serbian band, see
952:
The SI system was introduced in 1960 and in 1970 the
735:
was signed in 1875, leading to the production of the
3292:
2944:
1888:
1886:
1643: – Standard gravitational acceleration on Earth
1580:
800:, which itself was a learned coinage, prefixing the
2251:
Griechische Urkunden der Papyrussammlung zu Leipzig
1935:
SI Brochure: The International System of Units (SI)
676:
3325:Non-SI units that are accepted for use with the SI
3144:Nuovo vocabolario illustrato della lingua italiana
2643:As stated in the 1990 Federal Register notice, ...
1601: – Fundamental principle of classical physics
1094:from 1799 to 1889, and the IPK from 1889 to 2019.
3089:National Institute for Health and Care Excellence
2218:(fl. 1st century), where it is the weight of two
1883:
1790:
1788:
1541:National Institute for Health and Care Excellence
266:, defined in terms of two other base units, the
3986:
3381:The IPK and its six sister copies in their vault
3233:
2945:Robinson, Ian A.; Schlamminger, Stephan (2016).
2249:and a 4th-century papyrus edited in L. Mitteis,
2044:. Philadelphia: American Philosophical Society.
1061:International Committee for Weights and Measures
702:(dm) of water, which was determined to be 18841
3354:resting on an egg crate fluorescent light panel
3574:National Institute of Standards and Technology
3263:
3203:
3029:"Prescribing Information for Liquid Medicines"
2239:(revised and augmented edition, Oxford, 1940)
1785:
1629:National Institute of Standards and Technology
1613: – Weight on earth of a one-kilogram mass
3653:
3499:The UK's National Physical Laboratory (NPL):
3173:
2233:, 1879). Henry George Liddell. Robert Scott.
2121:
945:, but in 1990 revoked the status of the word
899:does not prevent the use of either spelling.
290:as a primary standard for the kilogram mass.
3123:Using Italian: A Guide to Contemporary Usage
2729:International Bureau of Weights and Measures
2701:
2656:International Bureau of Weights and Measures
2345:
2339:
2333:
2327:
2319:
2305:
2288:
2197:
2018:
1796:International Bureau of Weights and Measures
1697:
913:
903:
883:
877:
871:
865:
857:
851:
845:
833:was written into French law in 1795, in the
828:
795:
3944:Historical definitions of the SI base units
3528:Australian National Measurement Institute:
2623:(144): 40340. July 28, 1998. Archived from
2592:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
2219:
2209:
2203:
2189:
1963:The Physics and Physical Chemistry of Water
1619: – Distinction between mass and weight
1136:As part of this project, a variety of very
1034:, which was originally used to measure the
994:Redefinition based on fundamental constants
816:
351:, which defines the duration of the second,
3660:
3646:
2924:General Conference on Weights and Measures
1921:. The day is the 144th anniversary of the
1625: – Metre-based systems of measurement
1117:General Conference on Weights and Measures
760:General Conference on Weights and Measures
377:General Conference on Weights and Measures
47:
3150:'ètto': "frequentissima nell'uso comune:
2980:
2970:
2834:
2208:, itself quite obscure, but found in the
30:"kg" redirects here. For other uses, see
2030:
2028:
1521:Common prefixed units are in bold face.
1025:
997:
680:
3569:This Kilogram Has A Weight-Loss Problem
3394:Silicon sphere for the Avogadro Project
3352:K20, the US National Prototype Kilogram
3023:
3021:
2525:. Government of Canada. October 8, 2009
1866:
1717:Corpus of Contemporary American English
1667:United States customary system of units
1050:International Prototype of the Kilogram
928:for example, the Canadian government's
766:
739:(IPK) in 1879 and its adoption in 1889.
737:International Prototype of the Kilogram
687:International Prototype of the Kilogram
375:The formal definition according to the
339:a specific atomic transition frequency
321:International Prototype of the Kilogram
14:
3987:
3589:
2892:"BIPM – Resolution 1 of the 25th CGPM"
2734:The International System of Units (SI)
2661:The International System of Units (SI)
2091:
2089:
1959:
1801:The International System of Units (SI)
1665:The avoirdupois pound is part of both
1649: – Force on a mass due to gravity
3641:
3434:The FB‑2 flexure-strip balance
2886:
2884:
2828:
2034:
2025:
1862:
1860:
1858:
1856:
1854:
1821:from the original on October 18, 2021
1529:Practical issues with SI weight names
1215:
1212:
1138:different technologies and approaches
717:of water at the melting point of ice.
255:colloquially. It means 'one thousand
3018:
1746:
1744:
1742:
1539:(JCAHO). In the United Kingdom, the
922:as an alternative is acceptable, to
902:In the 19th century the French word
756:hyperfine transition frequency of Cs
3163:U.S. National Bureau of Standards,
3033:Scottish Palliative Care Guidelines
2226:(Charlton T. Lewis, Charles Short,
2086:
1919:Decision CIPM/105-13 (October 2016)
673:of the mass of one litre of water.
24:
2881:
2790:from the original on June 30, 2007
2702:Pallab Ghosh (November 16, 2018).
1908:from the original on April 2, 2021
1851:
1781:Merriam-Mebster definition of Kilo
864:. In the decree of 1795, the term
25:
4016:
3561:Getting the measure of a kilogram
3337:
2922:(Press release). Sèvres, France:
2757:from the original on June 4, 2021
2684:from the original on June 4, 2021
2492:. January 7, 2002. Archived from
1739:
1022:no longer depends on the kilogram
3967:
3966:
3590:Sample, Ian (November 9, 2018).
3467:
3445:
3427:
3413:
3400:
3387:
3374:
3359:
3345:
3329:SI Brochure: Section 4 (Table 8)
3271:"English Menu – Cafe Mediterran"
3241:"sýr bazalkový – Farmářské Trhy"
3142:Giacomo Devoto, Gian Carlo Oli,
3003:BIPM: SI Brochure: Section 3.2,
2835:Ian Mills (September 29, 2010).
2704:"Kilogram gets a new definition"
2211:Carmen de ponderibus et mensuris
2122:Fowlers, HW; Fowler, FG (1964).
1637: – Unit of force in physics
1583:
1546:The hectogram (100 g) (Italian:
783:) as part of its name. The word
677:Timeline of previous definitions
3474:FG‑5 absolute gravimeter
3318:
3157:
3136:
3115:
3102:
3077:
3051:
2997:
2938:
2909:
2854:
2802:
2768:
2721:
2695:
2648:
2600:
2567:
2537:
2511:
2473:
2445:
2417:
2403:Her Majesty's Stationery Office
2385:
2353:
2344:(inch), or the 144th part of a
2282:
2256:
2243:, citing the 10th-century work
2115:
2058:
2012:
1980:
1940:
1867:Resnick, Brian (May 20, 2019).
1705:
1690:
1148:
3954:System of units of measurement
3407:The NPL's Watt Balance project
3302:(in Hungarian). Archived from
2360:Peltier, Jean-Gabriel (1795).
2126:. Oxford: The Clarendon Press.
1928:
1912:
1825:
1774:
1659:
941:as an alternative to the word
13:
1:
3545:What a kilogram really weighs
3185:eshop.rancherskespeciality.cz
2740:(8th ed.), p. 112,
2667:(8th ed.), p. 130,
2398:Weights and Measures Act 1985
2362:"Paris, during the year 1795"
2268:Grandes lois de la République
2124:The Concise Oxford Dictionary
1733:
844:two years earlier, where the
330:
247:(SI), having the unit symbol
245:International System of Units
3667:
3300:"Termékek – Csíz Sajtműhely"
2816:. Nist.gov. October 26, 2010
1191:, rather than the base unit
897:trading by weight or measure
850:had been defined as weight (
811:
762:(CGPM) on November 16, 2018.
7:
3217:(in Slovak). Archived from
1576:
10:
4021:
3247:(in Czech). Archived from
3187:(in Czech). Archived from
3121:J.J. Kinder, V.M. Savini,
2972:10.1088/0026-1394/53/5/A46
2253:, vol. i (1906), 62 ii 27.
2148:
2136:
2130:
1937:. BIPM, 9th edition, 2019.
1169:
1158:
1155:Orders of magnitude (mass)
1152:
1041:
823:
806:
29:
3962:
3926:
3848:
3723:
3675:
3612:
3576:physicist Richard Steiner
3466:
3444:
3426:
3412:
3399:
3386:
3373:
3358:
3344:
2458:Oxford English Dictionary
2430:Oxford English Dictionary
2393:"Spelling of "gram", etc"
2338:being the 12th part of a
2296:, vol. 6 (2nd ed. 1834),
2289:
2103:. Oxford University Press
2101:Oxford English Dictionary
1520:
1235:
1232:
1229:
1226:
1223:
1220:
1208:SI multiples of gram (g)
1203:μkg (one microkilogram).
1199:mg (one milligram), not 1
1185:), prefixes are added to
1054:several competing efforts
771:The kilogram is the only
194:
175:
155:
118:
114:
96:
88:
78:
66:
61:
46:
41:
3908:minute and second of arc
1946:The density of water is
1671:Imperial system of units
1653:
412:are defined in terms of
309:. In 1799, the platinum
3949:2019 revision of the SI
3521:March 19, 2014, at the
3110:The Cook's Encyclopedia
3012:March 29, 2016, at the
2236:A Greek-English Lexicon
2202:was adopted from Latin
2071:Encyclopædia Britannica
1713:British National Corpus
1133:is one way to do this.
1091:Kilogramme des Archives
1048:The replacement of the
1044:2019 revision of the SI
956:started publishing the
742:2019: The kilogram was
722:Kilogramme des Archives
312:Kilogramme des Archives
282:. A properly equipped
3452:Mettler HK1000 balance
3418:NIST: This particular
3245:www.e-farmarsketrhy.cz
3085:"Prescription writing"
2346:
2340:
2334:
2328:
2320:
2306:
2220:
2210:
2204:
2198:
2190:
2019:
2002:; et al. (1792).
1960:Franks, Felix (2012).
1698:
1039:
1023:
966:concerning units. The
935:United States Congress
914:
904:
884:
878:
872:
866:
858:
852:
846:
829:
817:
796:
690:
434:
3513:Metrology in France:
3458:μg resolution and a 4
3215:Sedliacka šunka 1 dkg
3065:on September 15, 2015
2214:(8.25) attributed by
2066:"Treaty of the Metre"
1163:. For the horse, see
1029:
1001:
684:
381:
262:The kilogram is a SI
159:British Gravitational
3850:Other accepted units
3572:, an interview with
2555:on November 16, 2011
2519:"kilogram, kg, kilo"
2036:Zupko, Ronald Edward
1174:. For the name, see
791:is derived from the
767:Name and terminology
3934:Conversion of units
2963:2016Metro..53A..46R
2630:on October 15, 2011
1762:on January 31, 2013
1756:Oxford Dictionaries
1209:
842:National Convention
758:as approved by the
297:as the mass of one
109:... is equal to ...
62:General information
27:Metric unit of mass
3727:with special names
3508:NPL Kibble balance
2926:. October 23, 2011
2405:. October 30, 1985
2228:A Latin Dictionary
1675:defined as exactly
1617:Mass versus weight
1207:
1063:(CIPM) approved a
1040:
1024:
1018:; furthermore the
691:
669:remains within 30
204:
196:
185:
177:
163:
157:
128:
120:
3980:
3979:
3858:astronomical unit
3491:
3490:
3472:Micro-g LaCoste:
3420:Rueprecht Balance
2316:traditional units
2051:978-0-87169-186-6
1973:978-1-4684-8334-5
1814:978-92-822-2272-0
1525:
1524:
1165:Milligram (horse)
988:CJK Compatibility
709:1795: the gram (/
307:parts per million
295:French Revolution
280:defining constant
225:
224:
199:Atomic mass units
97:Conversions
16:(Redirected from
4012:
3970:
3969:
3662:
3655:
3648:
3639:
3638:
3608:
3606:
3604:
3483:
3471:
3470:
3461:
3457:
3449:
3448:
3439:
3431:
3430:
3417:
3416:
3404:
3403:
3391:
3390:
3378:
3377:
3363:
3362:
3349:
3348:
3342:
3341:
3332:
3322:
3316:
3315:
3313:
3311:
3306:on June 16, 2020
3296:
3290:
3289:
3284:
3282:
3277:on June 16, 2020
3273:. Archived from
3267:
3261:
3260:
3258:
3256:
3251:on June 16, 2020
3237:
3231:
3230:
3228:
3226:
3221:on June 16, 2020
3207:
3201:
3200:
3198:
3196:
3191:on June 16, 2020
3177:
3171:
3161:
3155:
3140:
3134:
3119:
3113:
3106:
3100:
3099:
3097:
3095:
3081:
3075:
3074:
3072:
3070:
3055:
3049:
3048:
3046:
3044:
3039:on July 10, 2018
3035:. Archived from
3025:
3016:
3001:
2995:
2994:
2984:
2974:
2942:
2936:
2935:
2933:
2931:
2921:
2913:
2907:
2906:
2904:
2902:
2888:
2879:
2878:
2876:
2874:
2868:
2858:
2852:
2851:
2849:
2847:
2841:
2832:
2826:
2825:
2823:
2821:
2806:
2800:
2799:
2797:
2795:
2789:
2782:
2772:
2766:
2765:
2764:
2762:
2756:
2739:
2725:
2719:
2718:
2716:
2714:
2699:
2693:
2692:
2691:
2689:
2683:
2666:
2652:
2646:
2645:
2637:
2635:
2629:
2616:Federal Register
2612:
2604:
2598:
2597:
2591:
2583:
2582:on July 5, 2015.
2578:. Archived from
2571:
2565:
2564:
2562:
2560:
2551:. Archived from
2541:
2535:
2534:
2532:
2530:
2515:
2509:
2508:
2506:
2504:
2498:
2485:
2477:
2471:
2470:
2468:
2466:
2449:
2443:
2442:
2440:
2438:
2421:
2415:
2414:
2412:
2410:
2389:
2383:
2381:
2379:
2377:
2357:
2351:
2349:
2343:
2337:
2331:
2325:
2309:
2295:
2294:
2286:
2280:
2279:
2277:
2275:
2260:
2254:
2225:
2216:Remmius Palaemon
2213:
2207:
2201:
2195:
2187:
2185:
2184:
2181:
2178:
2167:
2165:
2164:
2161:
2158:
2151:
2150:
2145:
2144:
2133:
2132:
2127:
2119:
2113:
2112:
2110:
2108:
2093:
2084:
2083:
2081:
2079:
2062:
2056:
2055:
2032:
2023:
2022:
2016:
2010:
2009:
1984:
1978:
1977:
1957:
1953:
1951:
1944:
1938:
1932:
1926:
1923:Metre Convention
1916:
1910:
1909:
1907:
1900:
1890:
1881:
1880:
1878:
1876:
1864:
1849:
1848:
1846:
1844:
1829:
1823:
1822:
1807:(9th ed.),
1806:
1798:(May 20, 2019),
1792:
1783:
1778:
1772:
1771:
1769:
1767:
1758:. Archived from
1748:
1728:
1709:
1703:
1701:
1694:
1688:
1686:
1684:
1681:
1663:
1641:Standard gravity
1593:
1588:
1587:
1210:
1206:
1202:
1198:
1161:Milligram (band)
1128:
1105:, and later the
1084:
1082:
1079:
1076:
985:
982:
979:
977:
917:
907:
887:
881:
875:
869:
863:
855:
849:
832:
826:
825:
820:
815:"a thousand" to
814:
809:
808:
799:
746:in terms of the
733:Metre Convention
660:
659:
657:
656:
651:
648:
647:
646:
628:
626:
623:
620:
617:
614:
606:
605:
603:
602:
597:
594:
593:
592:
575:
572:
570:
569:
568:
567:
564:
561:
558:
555:
549:
546:
545:
544:
541:
538:
535:
524:
523:
521:
520:
515:
512:
511:
510:
493:
491:
490:
488:
487:
484:
481:
475:
473:
470:
467:
460:
457:
455:
454:
451:
432:
425:
415:
403:
401:
398:
395:
389:
370:
360:
350:
317:platinum-iridium
218:
216:
213:
210:
205:
197:
186:
178:
168:
164:
158:
145:
136:
129:
121:
51:
39:
38:
21:
4020:
4019:
4015:
4014:
4013:
4011:
4010:
4009:
3985:
3984:
3981:
3976:
3958:
3939:Metric prefixes
3922:
3844:
3726:
3719:
3671:
3666:
3615:
3602:
3600:
3523:Wayback Machine
3481:
3468:
3459:
3455:
3446:
3437:
3428:
3414:
3401:
3388:
3375:
3360:
3346:
3340:
3335:
3323:
3319:
3309:
3307:
3298:
3297:
3293:
3280:
3278:
3269:
3268:
3264:
3254:
3252:
3239:
3238:
3234:
3224:
3222:
3209:
3208:
3204:
3194:
3192:
3179:
3178:
3174:
3162:
3158:
3141:
3137:
3120:
3116:
3107:
3103:
3093:
3091:
3083:
3082:
3078:
3068:
3066:
3057:
3056:
3052:
3042:
3040:
3027:
3026:
3019:
3014:Wayback Machine
3002:
2998:
2943:
2939:
2929:
2927:
2919:
2915:
2914:
2910:
2900:
2898:
2890:
2889:
2882:
2872:
2870:
2866:
2860:
2859:
2855:
2845:
2843:
2839:
2833:
2829:
2819:
2817:
2808:
2807:
2803:
2793:
2791:
2787:
2780:
2774:
2773:
2769:
2760:
2758:
2754:
2748:
2737:
2726:
2722:
2712:
2710:
2700:
2696:
2687:
2685:
2681:
2675:
2664:
2653:
2649:
2633:
2631:
2627:
2610:
2606:
2605:
2601:
2585:
2584:
2572:
2568:
2558:
2556:
2543:
2542:
2538:
2528:
2526:
2517:
2516:
2512:
2502:
2500:
2499:on July 1, 2017
2496:
2483:
2479:
2478:
2474:
2464:
2462:
2451:
2450:
2446:
2436:
2434:
2423:
2422:
2418:
2408:
2406:
2391:
2390:
2386:
2375:
2373:
2358:
2354:
2287:
2283:
2273:
2271:
2262:
2261:
2257:
2182:
2179:
2176:
2175:
2173:
2162:
2159:
2156:
2155:
2153:
2120:
2116:
2106:
2104:
2095:
2094:
2087:
2077:
2075:
2064:
2063:
2059:
2052:
2033:
2026:
2017:
2013:
1985:
1981:
1974:
1955:
1949:
1947:
1945:
1941:
1933:
1929:
1917:
1913:
1905:
1898:
1892:
1891:
1884:
1874:
1872:
1865:
1852:
1842:
1840:
1831:
1830:
1826:
1815:
1804:
1793:
1786:
1779:
1775:
1765:
1763:
1750:
1749:
1740:
1736:
1731:
1710:
1706:
1695:
1691:
1685: kilograms
1682:
1679:
1677:
1664:
1660:
1656:
1589:
1582:
1579:
1531:
1526:
1200:
1196:
1179:
1172:Miligram (band)
1168:
1157:
1151:
1124:
1121:Planck constant
1080:
1077:
1074:
1072:
1069:Planck constant
1046:
1036:Planck constant
1016:Planck constant
996:
983:
980:
975:
974:
769:
748:Planck constant
731:1875–1889: The
712:
679:
652:
649:
645:
638:
634:
633:
632:
630:
624:
621:
618:
615:
612:
610:
608:
598:
595:
591:
584:
580:
579:
578:
576:
573:
565:
562:
559:
556:
553:
551:
550:
547:
542:
539:
536:
533:
531:
530:
529:
527:
526:
516:
513:
509:
502:
498:
497:
496:
494:
485:
482:
479:
477:
471:
468:
465:
463:
461:
458:
452:
449:
447:
445:
444:
442:
441:
433:
430:
424:
417:
413:
399:
396:
393:
391:
387:
385:Planck constant
368:
366:Planck constant
358:
348:
340:
333:
325:adopted in 2019
276:Planck constant
214:
211:
208:
206:
203:
195:
184:
176:
166:
162:
156:
151:
143:
134:
127:
119:
57:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4018:
4008:
4007:
4002:
3997:
3978:
3977:
3975:
3974:
3963:
3960:
3959:
3957:
3956:
3951:
3946:
3941:
3936:
3930:
3928:
3924:
3923:
3921:
3920:
3915:
3910:
3905:
3900:
3895:
3890:
3885:
3880:
3875:
3870:
3865:
3860:
3854:
3852:
3846:
3845:
3843:
3842:
3837:
3832:
3827:
3822:
3817:
3812:
3807:
3802:
3797:
3792:
3787:
3782:
3777:
3772:
3767:
3762:
3757:
3752:
3747:
3745:degree Celsius
3742:
3737:
3731:
3729:
3725:Derived units
3721:
3720:
3718:
3717:
3712:
3707:
3702:
3697:
3692:
3687:
3681:
3679:
3673:
3672:
3665:
3664:
3657:
3650:
3642:
3636:
3635:
3626:
3614:
3611:
3610:
3609:
3587:
3582:
3577:
3564:
3556:
3548:
3540:
3534:
3526:
3511:
3503:
3497:
3489:
3488:
3464:
3463:
3442:
3441:
3424:
3423:
3410:
3409:
3397:
3396:
3384:
3383:
3371:
3370:
3356:
3355:
3339:
3338:External links
3336:
3334:
3333:
3317:
3291:
3262:
3232:
3202:
3172:
3156:
3135:
3114:
3112:, 1981, p. 525
3101:
3076:
3050:
3017:
2996:
2957:(5): A46–A74.
2937:
2908:
2880:
2853:
2827:
2801:
2767:
2746:
2720:
2694:
2673:
2647:
2641:Obsolete Units
2599:
2566:
2536:
2510:
2472:
2444:
2416:
2384:
2366:Monthly Review
2352:
2281:
2255:
2114:
2085:
2057:
2050:
2024:
2011:
1979:
1972:
1939:
1927:
1911:
1882:
1850:
1839:. July 7, 2021
1824:
1813:
1784:
1773:
1737:
1735:
1732:
1730:
1729:
1704:
1689:
1657:
1655:
1652:
1651:
1650:
1644:
1638:
1632:
1626:
1620:
1614:
1611:Kilogram-force
1608:
1605:Kibble balance
1602:
1595:
1594:
1591:Physics portal
1578:
1575:
1574:
1573:
1561:The unit name
1559:
1555:
1544:
1530:
1527:
1523:
1522:
1518:
1517:
1514:
1511:
1508:
1505:
1502:
1498:
1497:
1494:
1491:
1488:
1485:
1482:
1478:
1477:
1474:
1471:
1468:
1465:
1462:
1458:
1457:
1454:
1451:
1448:
1445:
1442:
1438:
1437:
1434:
1431:
1428:
1425:
1422:
1418:
1417:
1414:
1411:
1408:
1405:
1402:
1398:
1397:
1392:
1387:
1384:
1379:
1374:
1370:
1369:
1364:
1359:
1356:
1351:
1346:
1342:
1341:
1328:
1323:
1320:
1315:
1310:
1306:
1305:
1300:
1295:
1292:
1287:
1282:
1278:
1277:
1274:
1271:
1268:
1265:
1262:
1258:
1257:
1254:
1251:
1248:
1245:
1242:
1238:
1237:
1234:
1231:
1228:
1225:
1222:
1218:
1217:
1214:
1205:
1153:Main article:
1150:
1147:
1131:Kibble balance
1107:speed of light
1083:10 kg⋅m⋅s
1071:to be exactly
1042:Main article:
1032:Kibble balance
1012:speed of light
995:
992:
870:thus replaced
768:
765:
764:
763:
752:speed of light
740:
729:
718:
710:
707:
678:
675:
663:
662:
643:
589:
507:
428:
422:
373:
372:
362:
356:speed of light
352:
346:
332:
329:
288:Kibble balance
231:(also spelled
223:
222:
201:
192:
191:
182:
173:
172:
160:
153:
152:
150:
149:
140:
130:
125:
116:
115:
112:
111:
106:
99:
98:
94:
93:
90:
86:
85:
80:
76:
75:
70:
64:
63:
59:
58:
52:
44:
43:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4017:
4006:
4005:1000 (number)
4003:
4001:
4000:Units of mass
3998:
3996:
3995:SI base units
3993:
3992:
3990:
3983:
3973:
3965:
3964:
3961:
3955:
3952:
3950:
3947:
3945:
3942:
3940:
3937:
3935:
3932:
3931:
3929:
3925:
3919:
3916:
3914:
3911:
3909:
3906:
3904:
3901:
3899:
3896:
3894:
3891:
3889:
3886:
3884:
3881:
3879:
3878:degree of arc
3876:
3874:
3871:
3869:
3866:
3864:
3861:
3859:
3856:
3855:
3853:
3851:
3847:
3841:
3838:
3836:
3833:
3831:
3828:
3826:
3823:
3821:
3818:
3816:
3813:
3811:
3808:
3806:
3803:
3801:
3798:
3796:
3793:
3791:
3788:
3786:
3783:
3781:
3778:
3776:
3773:
3771:
3768:
3766:
3763:
3761:
3758:
3756:
3753:
3751:
3748:
3746:
3743:
3741:
3738:
3736:
3733:
3732:
3730:
3728:
3722:
3716:
3713:
3711:
3708:
3706:
3703:
3701:
3698:
3696:
3693:
3691:
3688:
3686:
3683:
3682:
3680:
3678:
3674:
3670:
3663:
3658:
3656:
3651:
3649:
3644:
3643:
3640:
3634:
3630:
3627:
3624:
3620:
3617:
3616:
3599:
3598:
3593:
3588:
3586:
3583:
3581:
3578:
3575:
3571:
3570:
3565:
3563:
3562:
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3555:
3554:
3549:
3547:
3546:
3541:
3539:
3535:
3533:
3532:
3527:
3525:
3524:
3520:
3517:
3512:
3510:
3509:
3504:
3502:
3498:
3496:
3493:
3492:
3486:
3479:
3475:
3465:
3454:, featuring 1
3453:
3443:
3435:
3425:
3421:
3411:
3408:
3398:
3395:
3385:
3382:
3372:
3369:
3368:
3357:
3353:
3343:
3330:
3326:
3321:
3305:
3301:
3295:
3288:
3276:
3272:
3266:
3250:
3246:
3242:
3236:
3220:
3216:
3212:
3206:
3190:
3186:
3182:
3176:
3170:
3166:
3160:
3153:
3149:
3145:
3139:
3132:
3128:
3124:
3118:
3111:
3108:Tom Stobart,
3105:
3090:
3086:
3080:
3064:
3060:
3054:
3038:
3034:
3030:
3024:
3022:
3015:
3011:
3008:
3007:
3000:
2992:
2988:
2983:
2978:
2973:
2968:
2964:
2960:
2956:
2952:
2948:
2941:
2925:
2918:
2912:
2897:
2893:
2887:
2885:
2865:
2864:
2857:
2838:
2831:
2815:
2811:
2805:
2786:
2779:
2778:
2771:
2753:
2749:
2747:92-822-2213-6
2743:
2736:
2735:
2730:
2724:
2709:
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2698:
2680:
2676:
2674:92-822-2213-6
2670:
2663:
2662:
2657:
2651:
2644:
2642:
2626:
2622:
2618:
2617:
2609:
2603:
2595:
2589:
2581:
2577:
2570:
2554:
2550:
2546:
2540:
2524:
2520:
2514:
2495:
2491:
2490:
2489:The Economist
2482:
2481:"Style Guide"
2476:
2460:
2459:
2454:
2448:
2432:
2431:
2426:
2420:
2404:
2400:
2399:
2394:
2388:
2371:
2367:
2363:
2356:
2348:
2342:
2336:
2330:
2324:
2323:
2317:
2313:
2308:
2303:
2299:
2293:
2285:
2269:
2265:
2259:
2252:
2248:
2247:
2242:
2238:
2237:
2232:
2231:s.v. "gramma"
2229:
2224:
2223:
2217:
2212:
2206:
2200:
2194:
2193:
2171:
2143:
2139:
2125:
2118:
2102:
2098:
2092:
2090:
2073:
2072:
2067:
2061:
2053:
2047:
2043:
2042:
2037:
2031:
2029:
2021:
2015:
2007:
2006:
2001:
1997:
1993:
1989:
1983:
1975:
1969:
1965:
1964:
1956:3.984 °C
1943:
1936:
1931:
1924:
1920:
1915:
1904:
1897:
1896:
1889:
1887:
1870:
1863:
1861:
1859:
1857:
1855:
1838:
1834:
1828:
1820:
1816:
1810:
1803:
1802:
1797:
1791:
1789:
1782:
1777:
1761:
1757:
1753:
1747:
1745:
1743:
1738:
1726:
1722:
1718:
1714:
1708:
1700:
1693:
1676:
1672:
1668:
1662:
1658:
1648:
1645:
1642:
1639:
1636:
1633:
1630:
1627:
1624:
1623:Metric system
1621:
1618:
1615:
1612:
1609:
1606:
1603:
1600:
1597:
1596:
1592:
1586:
1581:
1570:
1569:
1564:
1560:
1556:
1553:
1549:
1545:
1542:
1538:
1533:
1532:
1519:
1515:
1512:
1509:
1506:
1503:
1500:
1499:
1495:
1492:
1489:
1486:
1483:
1480:
1479:
1475:
1472:
1469:
1466:
1463:
1460:
1459:
1455:
1452:
1449:
1446:
1443:
1440:
1439:
1435:
1432:
1429:
1426:
1423:
1420:
1419:
1415:
1412:
1409:
1406:
1403:
1400:
1399:
1396:
1393:
1391:
1388:
1385:
1383:
1380:
1378:
1375:
1372:
1371:
1368:
1365:
1363:
1360:
1357:
1355:
1352:
1350:
1347:
1344:
1343:
1340:
1336:
1332:
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1327:
1324:
1321:
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1311:
1308:
1307:
1304:
1301:
1299:
1296:
1293:
1291:
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1283:
1280:
1279:
1275:
1272:
1269:
1266:
1263:
1260:
1259:
1255:
1252:
1249:
1246:
1243:
1240:
1239:
1219:
1213:Submultiples
1211:
1204:
1194:
1190:
1189:
1184:
1177:
1173:
1166:
1162:
1156:
1146:
1144:
1139:
1134:
1132:
1127:
1122:
1118:
1113:
1110:
1108:
1104:
1100:
1097:In 1960, the
1095:
1093:
1092:
1086:
1070:
1066:
1062:
1057:
1055:
1051:
1045:
1037:
1033:
1028:
1021:
1017:
1013:
1009:
1005:
1000:
991:
989:
971:
969:
965:
961:
960:
955:
950:
948:
944:
940:
936:
931:
927:
926:
925:The Economist
921:
916:
911:
906:
900:
898:
894:
889:
886:
880:
874:
868:
862:
861:
854:
848:
843:
839:
838:
831:
819:
813:
803:
798:
794:
790:
786:
782:
778:
774:
761:
757:
753:
749:
745:
741:
738:
734:
730:
727:
723:
719:
716:
708:
705:
701:
697:
693:
692:
688:
683:
674:
672:
668:
655:
642:
637:
601:
588:
583:
519:
506:
501:
439:
438:
437:
427:
421:
411:
407:
386:
380:
378:
367:
363:
357:
353:
349:
345:
338:
337:
336:
328:
326:
322:
318:
314:
313:
308:
304:
300:
296:
291:
289:
285:
281:
277:
273:
269:
265:
260:
258:
254:
250:
246:
242:
238:
234:
230:
221:
202:
200:
193:
190:
183:
181:
174:
171:
161:
154:
148:
141:
139:
132:
131:
126:
124:
117:
113:
110:
107:
105:
101:
100:
95:
91:
87:
84:
81:
77:
74:
71:
69:
65:
60:
56:
50:
45:
40:
37:
33:
19:
3982:
3883:electronvolt
3699:
3601:. Retrieved
3597:The Guardian
3595:
3567:
3559:
3551:
3543:
3529:
3516:Watt balance
3514:
3506:
3365:
3324:
3320:
3308:. Retrieved
3304:the original
3294:
3286:
3279:. Retrieved
3275:the original
3265:
3253:. Retrieved
3249:the original
3244:
3235:
3223:. Retrieved
3219:the original
3214:
3205:
3193:. Retrieved
3189:the original
3184:
3175:
3164:
3159:
3151:
3147:
3143:
3138:
3122:
3117:
3109:
3104:
3094:February 19,
3092:. Retrieved
3079:
3069:February 19,
3067:. Retrieved
3063:the original
3053:
3041:. Retrieved
3037:the original
3032:
3006:The kilogram
3004:
2999:
2954:
2950:
2940:
2928:. Retrieved
2911:
2899:. Retrieved
2896:www.bipm.org
2895:
2871:. Retrieved
2862:
2856:
2844:. Retrieved
2830:
2818:. Retrieved
2813:
2804:
2792:. Retrieved
2776:
2770:
2761:December 16,
2759:, retrieved
2733:
2723:
2713:November 16,
2711:. Retrieved
2707:
2697:
2688:December 16,
2686:, retrieved
2660:
2650:
2640:
2639:
2634:November 10,
2632:. Retrieved
2625:the original
2620:
2614:
2602:
2580:the original
2569:
2557:. Retrieved
2553:the original
2548:
2539:
2527:. Retrieved
2523:Termium Plus
2522:
2513:
2501:. Retrieved
2494:the original
2487:
2475:
2463:. Retrieved
2456:
2447:
2435:. Retrieved
2428:
2419:
2407:. Retrieved
2396:
2387:
2374:. Retrieved
2369:
2365:
2355:
2301:
2291:
2284:
2272:. Retrieved
2267:
2258:
2250:
2244:
2234:
2227:
2134:(as it were
2123:
2117:
2105:. Retrieved
2100:
2076:. Retrieved
2069:
2060:
2040:
2014:
2004:
1982:
1966:. Springer.
1962:
1942:
1930:
1914:
1894:
1873:. Retrieved
1843:February 18,
1841:. Retrieved
1836:
1827:
1800:
1776:
1764:. Retrieved
1760:the original
1755:
1724:
1720:
1707:
1692:
1661:
1566:
1562:
1551:
1547:
1394:
1389:
1381:
1376:
1366:
1361:
1353:
1348:
1338:
1330:
1325:
1317:
1312:
1302:
1297:
1289:
1284:
1192:
1186:
1180:
1149:SI multiples
1135:
1125:
1114:
1111:
1096:
1089:
1087:
1058:
1047:
972:
967:
958:
951:
946:
942:
938:
930:Termium Plus
923:
919:
901:
892:
890:
834:
827:. The word
788:
784:
780:
773:base SI unit
770:
664:
653:
640:
635:
599:
586:
581:
517:
504:
499:
435:
419:
382:
374:
343:
334:
310:
292:
261:
252:
248:
232:
228:
226:
108:
103:
79:Unit of
36:
3603:November 9,
3542:NZZ Folio:
2930:October 25,
2873:October 25,
2794:February 7,
2559:November 6,
2503:November 8,
2465:November 8,
2453:"kilo (n2)"
2437:November 8,
2425:"kilo (n1)"
2409:November 6,
2314:, given in
2274:November 3,
2241:s.v. γράμμα
2107:November 3,
1766:November 3,
1572:countries."
1516:quettagram
1507:quectogram
968:SI Brochure
959:SI Brochure
837:18 Germinal
379:(CGPM) is:
123:Avoirdupois
68:Unit system
3989:Categories
3677:Base units
3131:0521485568
2951:Metrologia
2846:January 1,
2097:"Kilogram"
2000:Berthollet
1952: g/cm
1752:"Kilogram"
1734:References
1548:ettogrammo
1510:10 g
1501:10 g
1496:ronnagram
1490:10 g
1487:rontogram
1481:10 g
1476:yottagram
1470:10 g
1467:yoctogram
1461:10 g
1456:zettagram
1450:10 g
1447:zeptogram
1441:10 g
1430:10 g
1421:10 g
1410:10 g
1407:femtogram
1401:10 g
1386:10 g
1373:10 g
1358:10 g
1345:10 g
1322:10 g
1309:10 g
1294:10 g
1281:10 g
1276:hectogram
1270:10 g
1267:centigram
1261:10 g
1250:10 g
1241:10 g
1233:SI symbol
1224:SI symbol
1216:Multiples
1143:gravimetry
915:kilogramme
910:shortening
879:kilogramme
835:Decree of
830:kilogramme
797:kilogramme
785:kilogramme
720:1799: The
715:centimetre
694:1793: The
331:Definition
233:kilogramme
102:1 kg
18:Milligrams
3820:steradian
3735:becquerel
3538:Home page
3392:The Age:
2901:March 27,
2549:How Many?
2376:August 2,
2246:Geoponica
1992:Lavoisier
1871:. vox.com
1727:spelling.
1723:and the -
1427:attogram
1416:petagram
1318:microgram
1290:milligram
1256:decagram
1247:decigram
1183:SI prefix
1004:SI system
984:SQUARE KG
882:replaced
777:SI prefix
284:metrology
264:base unit
237:base unit
235:) is the
180:CGS units
55:cast iron
3972:Category
3927:See also
3700:kilogram
3669:SI units
3619:The BIPM
3519:Archived
3487:accuracy
3310:June 16,
3281:June 16,
3255:June 16,
3225:June 16,
3195:June 16,
3146:, 1987,
3133:, p. 231
3125:, 2004,
3043:June 15,
3010:Archived
2991:35023879
2820:April 3,
2785:Archived
2752:archived
2731:(2006),
2708:BBC News
2679:archived
2658:(2006),
2588:cite web
2326:, 11.44
2312:meridian
2146:, Doric
2078:July 18,
2038:(1990).
1903:archived
1837:BIPM.org
1819:archived
1715:and the
1673:. It is
1669:and the
1577:See also
1563:megagram
1436:exagram
1395:teragram
1382:picogram
1367:gigagram
1354:nanogram
1331:megagram
1303:kilogram
1193:kilogram
1065:revision
1014:and the
981:㎏
943:kilogram
893:kilogram
804:stem of
789:kilogram
775:with an
429:—
408:and the
364:and the
274:and the
270:and the
229:kilogram
42:kilogram
3888:hectare
3873:decibel
3815:sievert
3810:siemens
3740:coulomb
3690:candela
3633:YouTube
3625:channel
3623:YouTube
3478:diagram
2982:8752041
2959:Bibcode
2529:May 29,
2186:
2174:
2166:
2154:
1875:May 23,
1599:Inertia
1176:Milgram
1103:krypton
990:block.
986:in the
812:khilioi
744:defined
658:
631:
604:
577:
571:
528:
522:
495:
492:
443:
278:, a SI
243:in the
3903:minute
3863:dalton
3805:radian
3800:pascal
3790:newton
3715:second
3695:kelvin
3685:ampere
3613:Videos
3482:
3460:
3456:
3450:BIPM:
3438:
3432:BIPM:
3379:BIPM:
3364:BIPM:
3350:NIST:
3331:, BIPM
3129:
2989:
2979:
2744:
2671:
2545:"kilo"
2329:lignes
2300:. The
2205:gramma
2199:gramme
2168:of an
2149:γράθμα
2131:γράμμα
2128:Greek
2074:. 2023
2048:
1988:Guyton
1970:
1958:. See
1811:
1725:gramme
1647:Weight
1635:Newton
1339:
1230:Value
1221:Value
1201:
1197:
1020:ampere
1010:, the
1008:second
978:
976:U+338F
876:, and
873:gravet
867:gramme
847:gravet
824:γράμμα
818:gramma
807:χίλιοι
793:French
750:, the
704:grains
410:second
390:to be
319:, the
268:second
167:0.0685
144:35.274
138:pounds
135:2.2046
104:in ...
89:Symbol
3918:tonne
3913:neper
3898:litre
3840:weber
3825:tesla
3780:lumen
3775:katal
3770:joule
3765:hertz
3760:henry
3750:farad
3705:metre
3566:NPR:
3558:BBC:
3550:NPL:
3505:NPL:
3405:NPL:
3169:p. 13
2920:(PDF)
2867:(PDF)
2842:. CCU
2840:(PDF)
2788:(PDF)
2781:(PDF)
2755:(PDF)
2738:(PDF)
2682:(PDF)
2665:(PDF)
2628:(PDF)
2611:(PDF)
2497:(PDF)
2484:(PDF)
2372:: 556
2341:pouce
2335:ligne
2322:pieds
2318:as 3
2307:mètre
2302:metre
2298:p. 70
2222:oboli
2192:libra
2188:of a
2170:ounce
1996:Monge
1948:0.999
1906:(PDF)
1899:(PDF)
1805:(PDF)
1678:0.453
1654:Notes
1568:tonne
1558:meat.
1335:tonne
1236:Name
1227:Name
1099:metre
1073:6.626
885:grave
860:grave
853:poids
802:Greek
700:litre
696:grave
611:1.475
464:6.626
440:kg =
431:CGPM
406:metre
392:6.626
303:water
299:litre
272:metre
257:grams
207:6.022
189:grams
187:1000
170:slugs
3893:hour
3835:watt
3830:volt
3755:gray
3710:mole
3605:2018
3485:μGal
3312:2020
3283:2020
3257:2020
3227:2020
3197:2020
3148:s.v.
3127:ISBN
3096:2024
3071:2024
3045:2015
2987:PMID
2932:2011
2903:2017
2875:2011
2848:2011
2822:2011
2814:NIST
2796:2018
2763:2021
2742:ISBN
2715:2018
2690:2021
2669:ISBN
2636:2011
2594:link
2561:2011
2531:2019
2505:2011
2467:2011
2439:2011
2411:2011
2378:2018
2347:pied
2276:2011
2138:γράφ
2109:2011
2080:2023
2046:ISBN
1968:ISBN
1877:2019
1845:2022
1809:ISBN
1768:2011
1721:gram
1552:etto
1253:dag
1188:gram
1059:The
1002:The
964:CGPM
954:BIPM
947:kilo
939:kilo
920:kilo
908:, a
905:kilo
781:kilo
754:and
711:1000
685:The
667:mass
416:and
354:the
253:kilo
241:mass
227:The
83:mass
3868:day
3795:ohm
3785:lux
3631:on
3476:, (
3440:μg)
2977:PMC
2967:doi
2332:(a
2183:288
1954:at
1950:972
1680:592
1550:or
1513:Qg
1504:qg
1493:Rg
1484:rg
1473:Yg
1464:yg
1453:Zg
1444:zg
1433:Eg
1424:ag
1413:Pg
1404:fg
1273:hg
1264:cg
1244:dg
1075:070
912:of
787:or
671:ppm
622:270
619:735
616:399
613:521
566:475
563:590
560:072
557:105
554:154
543:018
540:160
537:121
534:097
532:917
486:770
483:631
480:192
466:070
453:458
450:792
448:299
394:070
301:of
259:'.
239:of
209:140
3991::
3621:–
3594:.
3327:,
3285:.
3243:.
3213:.
3183:.
3087:.
3031:.
3020:^
2985:.
2975:.
2965:.
2955:53
2953:.
2949:.
2894:.
2883:^
2812:.
2750:,
2706:.
2677:,
2638:.
2621:63
2619:.
2613:.
2590:}}
2586:{{
2547:.
2521:.
2486:.
2455:.
2427:.
2401:.
2395:.
2370:17
2368:.
2364:.
2163:24
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