Miguel Asín Palacios

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popular allusion that lay dormant within her for years, resurfacing later to help her communicate her mystical experiences. Following other similar studies, Catherine Swietlicki took a new but related direction, discussing Saint Teresa's Jewish heritage, and her mysticism as filtered through the mutual presence of three faiths. The Catholic writings of Santa Teresa de Ávila, widely recognized and revered, may accordingly be understood to reflect as well a generality of shared values among the Judaic, Christian, and Islamic faiths during those blessed periods of

854: 1525: 388: 1338:. Not surprisingly Asín assumes the viewpoint of a spiritually involved Christian academic; he sees in the works of Ibn 'Arabi many similarities with his own religion's mystics and doctrines. Consequently, Asín brings his specific, spiritually-informed consciousness to his discussion of the principles and practices taught by Ibn 'Arabi. According to Prof. Alexander Knysh, Asín was one of the earlier western scholars of Ibn 'Arabi, a motivated European clergyman who was: 1342:"concerned with detecting the underlying affinities between Christian and Islamic theology with a view to advancing an Islamo-Christian dialogue. Such Christian scholars treated Ibn 'Arabi, if not exactly as a crypto-Christian, then at least as a freethinker open to other religious confessions, especially Christianity. However, a scrutiny of Ibn 'Arabi's attitude toward other confessions, reveals little direct indebtedness to, or sympathy for, Christian doctrines." 1675: 1367:, to enter poverty. While some see adjacent virtues clearly when young, and others take first a hard path of trials and of sorrows ... eventually to meet a challenging paradox and become humbled in the wilderness; yet each soul may mercifully receive a spiritual transformation, to become ultimately possessed by divine love in a felicitous vision of unity. Ibn 'Arabi has described several varieties of sacred experience, including one in which, having known 1045:(994–1064) to the Muslim culture of Spain was earlier recognized by Asín. He had outlined Ibn Hazm's influence on medieval Islam, and had published a study with translation which addressed his ethical thought, followed by a volume concerning Ibn Hazm's views on religious history. During his career, Ibn Hazm became a remarkable figure, not least for the wide scope of his abilities, e.g., producing significant writings as a 5066:"The pious sentiment which inspired the great Spanish Arabic scholar with this strange title is perceptible throughout the work, which is still of the utmost value. But it is regrettable that he should have applied language and ideas befitting a Christian monk to a Sufi like Ibn 'Arabi; their vocations are different, and in employing such a method one runs the risk of blurring the originality of both types." Corbin, 539: 1419: 1452: 919: 3574:(Cambridge: Islamic Texts Society 1993) at 57-58, and the article by the Ismaili scholar Samuel Miklos Stern, cited there at note 113. Elsewhere Addas states, "he possible influence exerted by Eastern mystics on Ibn Masarra a more decisive influence, in my view, than any pseudo-Empedocles might have had." Addas, "Andalusi Mysiticism and the rise of Ibn 'Arabi" at 909-933, 914, 918, in 305:, on 5 July 1871, into the modest commercial family of Don Pablo Asín and Doña Filomena Palacios. His older brother Luis, his younger sister Dolores, and he were little children when their father died of pneumonia. His mother the young widow continued in business with help and made ends meet with decorum but not as well as before. He attended the Colegio de El Salvador instructed by 1745:. In his own country, the labors of the Spanish Arabists, to which he contributed greatly, has over the generations worked to favorably alter the view shared by many Spaniards concerning the Muslim period of their history. His spiritual insights into Islamic mysticism illuminated formerly obscure figures and hidden connections. Perhaps, too, along with 1728:

describes seven castles, one inside the other, through which the soul travels toward God. After quoting a passage in which Sta. Teresa describes her spontaneous acquaintance with the castle image, López-Baralt infers that Sta. Teresa's acquisition of the Islamic parallel was indirect, probably from a

1658:

of God's inspiring favors, i.e., the "day", so as to pass more quickly beyond the difficult rhythm of "night" and "day". Thereafter the soul finds repose, wherein to enter the transforming union. Asín analyses the technical vocabulary used by the sadilis and by San Juan de la Cruz in order to further

1511:

Although Asín carefully followed the leads he found, nonetheless he continually seemed to remain grounded to his core area of research: the mutual influence of the distinctive civilizations of Islam and of Christianity during the centuries of Muslim rule in Spain, and thereafter, and the multilateral

494:

Don Miguel Asín Palacios had intense black eyes, fine hands; photographs did not seem to capture his personality or expressions. He was well dressed ("entre cardenal y torero"). Not ambitious but for the tranquility in which to work, he was a good and generous friend. His colleagues recognized in him

450:

Asín's manner of approach was to stick to a theme, to keep circling over it, each time adding to the understanding. His method of work involved meticulous planning, by first conceiving the order of presentation in detail, then straight ahead, without a rough draft ("sin borrador"), redacted with each

3510:

In 1914 Asín thought that not a single work of Ibn Masarra nor any fragments survived . Asín inferred his school's original teachings based on, for example, medieval biographers (al-Faradi, al-Dabbi, Ibn Khaqan, and al-Maqqari ), two Iberian commentators (Ibn Hazm, and Sa'id of Toledo) , and on the

1346:

Asín Palacios begins his second part by discussing the Sufi spiritual journey, its methods and discipline, and its various supporting societies. Here, Asín describes the distinct approaches found or developed by Ibn 'Arabi. For example, Asín mentions the purgative preparation required by Ibn 'Arabi

1694:(1515–1582). The similes and analogies she employed to communicate the experiences of her spiritual life are discovered by Asín to parallel those previously employed by mystics of Islam. In this instance the image used is of seven dwelling places or castles, one inside the other. Asín mentions the 1648:

causing the soul to despair, so that the merciful Deity grants him (or her) inspiration, followed by a phase of elation; afterwards the soul returns to the way through desolation in order to move closer to God. The doctrine shared teaches that the soul passing through these alternating states of "

1647:

The shared doctrine concerns the soul on the path toward union with the Divine. God, being unreachably transcendent, the soul's only approach is to renounce everything but God. Thereby the soul enters a desolation in which he (or she) lives only for God, yet the desolation may become too severe,

5975:

Interfaith dialogue will always have its troubles. "In the dialogue with Islam, Catholics have not always avoided, in an attempt to find shared beliefs and common ground, the danger of 'catholicizing' Muslim concepts and terminology and reading into them a Catholic sense they cannot possess."

5521:(1931, 1990), at 199-200. Later he comments: "Todos los caminos, hasta aquí recorridos por el alma, tanto los de la vida ascética como los de la vida mística, deben conducir a este fin último: la unión con Dios por el amor. Abenarabi desenvuelve este tema, con difusión desacostumbrada, en su 1559:

in 1942 called Asín's multivolume study "by far the most important monograph on Ghazali so far written," but adversely noted the importation of foreign religious sentiments into Asín's work on the Muslim theologian. Yet Asín, noting the multiple interpenetration of the two rival faiths, felt

5122:

When about fifteen years old, after his acknowledgement of his young wife's virtues, as well as his suffering through a severe illness, Ibn 'Arabe received a calling and so changed his life. Before devoted to literature and hunting, afterwards he found and followed spiritual teachers. Asín,

4932:; title in Spanish per Asín: "Libro que de muestra la inanidad del uso de estos cinco criterios jurídicos: el argumento de analogía, la opinión personal, la equidad o preferencia, la autoridad de los maestros y la investigación del espiritu de la ley". Listed in Asín's biography in his 711: 1095:

has six parts: 1. non-Muslim religions (in Asín's volumes II-III), 2. Muslim sects (Asín's III-IV), 3. Muslim faith and theology (IV), 4. several constitutional questions regarding Islamic government (V), 5. Muslim heresies (V), 6. theology in 29 questions (V). In part 1 of the

1287:(Madrid 1931). Following an introduction that proposes that Sufism emerged from the influence of Christian monasticism on Islam, the book presents three parts: first, a short life of Ibn 'Arabi ; second, commentaries that approach the complexity of his voluminous writings, his 1257: 1371:, a soul may return to the former daily life, yet nonetheless remaining aware also of the fruit of mystical events, conscious both of the "I and the not I", the commonplace and the transcendent. Here Asín apparently "avoided any analysis of Ibn 'Arabi's metaphysics." 2314:, article (1921); Arthur Jeffery, article (1945); Francesco Gabrieli, article (1953); James T. Monroe, book (1970); Luce López-Baralt, continuation: book (1985 t:1992); Catherine Swietlicki, continuation: book (1986); Luce López-Baralt, continuation: article (2000). 1076:. Asín's first volume presents a biography, including his life as a jurist/politician and his trail through the world of intellect; Asín here gives a critique of the writings of the medieval Spanish Muslim, focusing on Ibn Hazm as a theologian and as an early 4468:(2d ed., 1943), especially in Part I at chapters 2 & 3, and translations in the first Appendix. Regarding Ibn 'Arabi: his derivative work, at 76-77, 79-84, 181-184; Asín's comparison of him with Dante, at 399-412, 417-418; and Asín's epilogue, at 418-421. 5312:(Cambridge: Islamic Texts Society 1993) at 1, and generally 1-10, in which Asín the pioneer undergoes a critique. Yet unfortunately the Addas biography at 40, note 24, apparently mistakes Asín's text at 37, notes 1 & 2, which does cite and quote to the 458:

began publication under the direction of Asín Palacios; it was technically equipped to satisfy a readership of academic specialists. Asín himself was a frequent contributor. In the universities, a new generation of Spanish Arabists was emerging, such as

4792:(Leiden 1971). Goldziher makes a reference to "Ibn Hazm who distinguishes himself by his fanatical enmity against everything non-Islamic." Goldziher (1971) at 56; also at 60, "his personal fanaticism against followers of other religions"; and at 122. 490:

and managed to obtain photocopies of Arabic texts. After the trauma of Civil War, Asín was able to return to Madrid and resume his professorship at the university. There he continued his duties and his work on his multi-volume study of Al-Ghazali.

1220:; the distinction is made between not obeying an unjust order and taking action to overthrow an unjust ruler. Ibn Hazm enters another controversy, opining that women may be given inspiration by God, referring to the "mujer de Abraham" (i.e., 394:

Asín, is known for his academic work concerning the medieval Muslim-Christian interface of theology, mysticism, and religious practice, with a focus on Spain. His was a form of intellectual history. Among the figures studied were

604:, also from Córdoba. Asín understood that it was with piety that Averroës used reason to interpret his Islamic faith, and probes this issue for the sake of clearly distinguishing Averroës from several of the not-so-pious Latin " 495:

an enduring innocence, so that he was "not knowing" in the mixed turbulence of the world. He projected a brightness ("diafanidad"); his mind had developed to become a great work of refinement. A pious priest, an admirer of

363:

in 1903. Professor Asín lived in the same well-connected boarding house as Codera, and was well received in the university. By 1905 Professor Ribera had also come to Madrid; together with Asín they soon founded the journal

757:

in particular. Mentioned several times by Asín is a perspective he favored: eastern Christianity's early influence on the young religion before Islam's arrival in the west. Asín infers that Ibn Masarra's school influenced

3659:

Asín's inference is based on an admitted dearth of 10th-century sources but indirectly on later Muslims of al-Andalus, i.e., on Ibn 'Arabi, whose own early writings drew heavily on the circle formed by Ibn al'Arif. Asín,

5525:. (All roads, here running across the soul, as much for the ascetic as for the mystic, will lead to this ultimate end: the union with God through love. Ibn Arabi discloses this theme, with diffuse juxtapositions, in his 5881:

including an English translation ("not too literally but in substance" which omits dated material ) by Maulana Fazal-ul-Karim in four-volumes (c. 1971), reprinted in Lahore by Sh. Muhammad Ashraf (2000), and by Kazi

518:

as noted above, Asín Palacios discussed, edited and rendered into Spanish translation many Arabic writings, and composed books and essays on related themes, including an occasional piece in Latin, French, or Italian.

3444:"In Spain, although there was a brief flowering associated with Ibn Masarra (AD 883-931) and his pupils, Sufism could not thrive openly in the atmosphere of intolerance and suspicion that prevailed there. 1333:

Ibn 'Arabi was prolific teacher, leaving us a vast corpus of written works. Asín functioned as a western pioneer in Sufi studies, particularly with respect to the difficult and demanding Ibn 'Arabi, the

2536:

Julia Bolton Holloway, "The Road through Roncesvalles: Alfonsine formation of Brunetto Latini and Dante--Diplomacy and Literature," pp. 109–123, e.g., at 109, 112, 123, in Robert I. Burns, editor,

983:. Asín remarks that the addition of the Muslim sources in no way detracts from Dante's achievement, and that Dante remains a luminous figure and his poem retains its exalted place in world literature. 6345:(Univ. Pontifica de Salamanca 1983); and, J. A. Carpenter and Come Carpenter, "La experiencia y la escatología mística de Santa Teresa y sus paralelos en el Islam medieval de los sufis" at 159-187 in 5776:

Madrid-Granados: Escuelas de Estudios Arabes, 1934-1941. Nine of his prior works on al-Ghazali are cited therein by Asín (at I: 20-21). Work on these volumes was interrupted by the Spanish Civil War.

1544:

Asín expressly declared that the work was limited to a Christian interpretation of the celebrated Muslim and his work. His investigation focuses on themes of spiritual practice from the forty volume

4451:

Cf., Julia Bolton Holloway, "The Road through Roncesvalles: Alfonsine formation of Brunetto Latini and Dante--Diplomacy and Literature," 109-123, e.g., at 109, 112, 123, in Robert I. Burns, editor,

1144:

history in Christian Europe with its relative early start in Islam, noting the geographical proximity of Islam to a variety of differing religions. For example, an early Islamic work that discusses

3861:

as edited by Jebb, at 26: "Philosophy comes through the influence of divine illumination." Bacon later refers to "the Muslims" and, at 46, to the "illumination" taught by the Persian philosopher

950:, (III) investigates Muslim influence on corresponding Christian literature predating the poem, and (IV) conjectures how Dante could have known directly of the Muslim literature in translation. 1812:, (Madrid: Real Academia Española 1919; Editoria Plutarco, Madrid 1931); in the second edition (Escuelas de Estudios Árabes de Madrid y Granada, 1943), the text (468 pages) is followed by his 1574:, his purgative ascetics, for example, how to overcome sensuality, idle talk, anger and hatred, envy, worldliness, greed, glory, hypocrisy, pride, vanity, and spiritual illusion (in volume I); 6959: 5835:(1970) at 191-192, 194-195, probes this approach by Asín, and then censures what it may infer. Monroe cites to a blanket critique of orientalists ("dry and sterile") made by Hossein Nasr, 1749:

and others, it can be said that the Professor Rev. Miguel Asín Palacios was instrumental in the open recognition by the Catholic Church of Islam as a legacy of Abraham, articulated in the

5607:(Madrid: Editorial Plutarco 1931; reprint Ediciones Hiperión 1990), for example, at 12-13. Also, Asín Palacios, "Influencias evangélicas en la Literatura religiosa del Islam" at 8-27, in 3706:

deported Ibn al-'Arif to Marrakech, where he was accused of heterodoxy and died in 1141. His follower Ibn Qasi managed to escape, to organize adepts into a militia under the mystic name

482:

visiting his nephew and family. The horrors of this struggle remain very painful to contemplate with regard to both sides; over six thousand priests were assassinated by factions of the

4614:

Thus Asín did not intend to elaborate on his poetry, his jurisprudence, his political history, or his ethics, as these subjects had already been addressed by others, for example, Nykl,

3936:(Leiden: E. J. Brill 1992), edited by Salma Khadra Jayyusi. Regarding Asín, the sometimes mistaken yet respected 'pioneer', cf., 912-913, 919-920. She discusses Ibn Masarra at 911-919. 1025:. Although this missing link was not available to Asín, he had based his work on several similar accounts of Muhammad's ladder then circulating among the literary or pious Muslims of 6949: 1714:

compiled by Ahmad al-Qalyubi, with its seven concentric castles. Asín draws out other mutualities in the matrix of symbols, for example, the Divinity being in the central dwelling.

5504:. Asín comments: "Para Abenarabi, ... la tristeza espiritual es la llave de las gracias de oración y contemplación, sin la cual el alma cae en la vanidad e ilusión de espíritu." . 3314:

Asín understood that Santo Tomás and Ibn Rusd, rather than legendary enemies, shared a similar task that encumbered their age, i.e., to reconcile faith and reason. Valdivia Válor,

130: 6889: 1666:

sufis and San Juan de la Cruz. To the contrary, the suggestion is that this 'shared mystical doctrine' functions at such a level of generality that it will arise spontaneously.

6298:(Leiden : E.J.Brill 1992) at 110; for Santa Teresa generally, Chapter Four, 191-142. López-Baralt later translated al-Nuri into Spanish (Madrid 1999). Also: López-Baralt, 5904:

Cf. Valdivia Válor (1992) at 161. Asín saw Islam as manifesting some similarity to a Christian heresy in its doctrines, given its espoused heritage, for example, referring to

3928:"It would be impossible to overestimate the importance of this work, which has exerted a decisive and lasting influence on the whole approach taken toward Andalusi Sufism by 6954: 6692: 1662:

While not disputing these similarities as discussed by Asín, a subsequent scholar, José Nieto, remained critical of any implied linkage between the earlier teachings of the

4919:(Leiden 1971). Goldziher recognizes Ibn Hazm: "Among the champions of the Dawudi school this remarkable man is known as the most famous by far." Goldziher (1971) at 109. 1580:, his path to unity, for example, penance, patience, gratitude, hope and fear, voluntary poverty, renunciation of the world, trusting in God, and love of God (vol. II); 6496: 4626:(1927-1932) at I: 9. Yet Asín's bibliography, at I: 246-279, provides a catalogue of Ibn Hazm's works in Philosophy, Jurisprudence, Theology, History, and Literature. 6684: 1378:

had equally influenced early Islam. Islam then arrived in the far west, the Maghreb al-Aksa and Andalusia, where Ibn 'Arabi would be born. From the perspective of

873:, which sparked lively and extended discussions among Dante scholars. Asíin here suggests Islamic sources for the theological landscapes used by the Italian poet 5697:

at 114-116 (Lull), 116-118 (Pascal), 125-126 (Ibn al-'Arif), 137-145 (Juan de la Cruz, Ibn 'Abbad of Ronda, Teresa of Avila, Sadilies and Alumbrados). Monroe,

5013:(1939); therein Asín refers to Ibn 'Arabi as "profound, knowledgeable and erudite, complicated and subtle, well versed in all the Islamic systems of thought." 6621: 1741:

The works of Asín Palacios are widely admired, notwithstanding criticism that his viewpoint was of a Christian priest while involved in the academic field of

821:(1266–1308). Asín's dogged research, on the persistent influence of Ibn Masarra's school of mystical philosophy, leads him to follow its tracks eventually to 1628:(1542–1591) and a doctrine he shared with spiritual Islam. This work can be seen to be equally about the saint's suggested forerunner, a Muslim mystic from 1463:(1233–1315), mystic who sought to convert Islam to Christianity, whose ideas Asín discussed in his book on Ibn Masarra, and also with respect to Ibn 'Arabi; 6934: 6637: 3347:(New York: Scribners 1936) at 176-178, 182-183. Nonetheless, what Asín presents here may be considered a modernist view point through a wide-angle lens, a 1838:(Madrid: Real Academia de la Historia, & Madrid: Revista de Archivos 1927-1932), 5 volumes; reprinted by Ediciones Turner, Madrid, 1984 (five volumes). 6964: 990:

and academic exchanges. Eventually two scholars, an Italian and a Spaniard, independently uncovered an until-then buried Arabic source, the 11th-century

754: 5279:

Up to 1911, only one of the 150 extant works of Ibn 'Arabi had appeared in a European edition: a "brief glossary of Sufi technical terms" published by

5161:

The elder Averroes as the logical philosopher was pleased to meet Ibn 'Arabi, a respected young student of the intuitive, wise beyond his years. Asín,

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Ibn Masarra's books were later burned in public during the year 951. Claude Addas, "Andalusi Mysticism and the rise of Ibn 'Arabi" at 909-933, 918, in

3173:

García Gómez affectionately commented that Asín sometimes would appear "un poco en la luna". "Don Miguel Asín (1873-1944) Esquema de una biografía" in

1283:. Asín Palacios had already written a number of studies and translations of Ibn 'Arabi, the revered (and controversial) mystic, but his major work was 349: 6042:

Over half of Asin's article is selected translations of a text by followers of the tariqah's founder, Abu'l-Hasan ash-Shadhili (1196-1258), i.e., the

1433:(1623–1662) and his notion of placing a wager concerning the chances of reward or punishment after death, with respect to similar ideas in Al-Ghazali; 4278:(2d ed., 1943), for example, at 420 (el "inspirado" florentino que por "su poema inmortal" alcanzó "enamorados de la belleza de su arte exquisito"). 3836:

Ibn 'Arabi wrote that Ibn Masarra was "one of the greatest masters of the Way in terms of knowledge, spiritual state and revelation." Claude Addas,

770:. His followers spread out over al-Andalus, but they became too strong in the opinion of the governing power; they were variously suppressed by the 6515: 6716: 6629: 4248:(New York: New American Library 1954; reprint Mentor), Canto XXX, lines 46-56 (his guide Virgil disappears), lines 55-75 (replaced by Beatrice). 3857:(1914, 1978) at 73-82, 123-143, 173-183 (Ibn 'Arabi); at 136-144, 173-183 (Ramon Lull); at 134-137, 144 (Roger Bacon). Asín quoted from Bacon's 6182:(Leiden: Brill 1992), at 107-113 (commenting on Asín's article). For St. Teresa's image of the soul as seven concentric castles: López-Baralt, 381: 4668:(Paris 1956) at 320. Nonetheless Arnáldez approved of Asín's biography and of his respectful commentary on Ibn Hazm. Cited by Valdivia Válor, 3121: 340:. All three professors guided his subsequent studies. Asín then developed his study of Al-Ghazali, and published it in 1901. He also wrote on 6894: 1932:(Madrid: España-Calpe, 1941), 307 pages. A collection of five articles, the fifth being on revelation in Islam and the Christian Scholastics. 1865:(Madrid: Editorial Plutarco 1931); reprint 1981, 1990 by Ediciones Hiperión, Madrid, 543 pages. Arabic translation by 'Abd al-Rahman Badawi: 1314:(e.g., Fes, and Túnez). In 1201 Ibn 'Arabi traveled further east across North Africa in pursuit of his spiritual journey, to Meca, Bagdad, 5802:

Asín states that he purposely omits discussion of al-Ghazali's Muslim sources because already adequately covered by other scholars, e.g.,

596:, Asín infers that the religio-philosophic world inhabited by Averroës is analogous to that of Aquinas, and also to that of ben Maimon or 4479:

Discursos leídos ante la Real Acadamia de la Historia en la receptión publica del señor D. Miguel Asín Palacios el día 18 de mayo de 1924

6358:

Santa Teresa's father, Don Alonso Sanchez de Cepeda, was pius and learned; his father (her grandfather) was a "New Christian" or Jewish

6944: 6599: 4222:, and later visits his deceased father Anchises (lines 910-972), who shows Aeneas a vision of the future, and of Rome (lines 973-1219). 4664:

for not sufficiently entering into the Islamic language and its special environment, and for "Christianizing" some lexicon. Arnáldez,

4410: 3528:); very recently both have been translated into Spanish by Pilar Garrido. Cf., P. Garrido, "The Science of Letters in Ibn Massara" in 1302:

Asín's brief biography describes Ibn 'Arabi's youthful 'conversion' to an inward path and first teachers, his adolescent meeting with

6904: 4425:

much later, in his last years, 1308-1321. Prof. Corti comments on our 'surprise' if Latini had given Dante a copy of the translation.

4287:

See "Commentary" section, regarding: Massignon, G. Gabrieli, Guillaume, Arnold, Levi della Vida, Cerulli, Muñoz Sendino, F. Gabrieli.

1586:, his way to perfection, for example, the life plan, purity and sincerity, conscience, meditation, and the religious song (vol. III); 6400:

ideal, in which the three faiths would share their cultures in peace. Prof. Asín contributed to the reification of the third pillar.

3545:

These works of Ibn Masarra are discussed by Claude Addas, "Andalusi Mysticism and the Rise of Ibn 'Arabi" at 909-933, 916-918, in

3208:

See "Selected Publications" section below. For descriptions of different critiques of Asín's works generally, see Valdivia Válor,

1374:

In his introduction, Asín observes that while Christian Spain later became deeply influenced by Muslim mysticism, previously the

6708: 6645: 5632:(London: Sheldon Press 1931; reprint Oneworld 1995) at chapters VI, VII, and XI. (This book also said to be reissued in 1976 as 5005:

at p.6 note 1, as well as the discussion of Ibn 'Arabi in his 1919 book on Dante. Several later articles by Asín are cited in

4235:(New York: New American Library 1954; reprint Mentor Books), Canto 1, lines 61-84 (Dante meets Virgil, who acts as his guide). 3562:

Asín's theory that the pseudo-Empedocles was a source for Ibn Masarra's teachings has been challenged. Cf., Claude Addas, her

6939: 3497:

Using newly discovered sources, Ibn Masarra is called a "Neoplatonist philosopher" of the Qur'an by Ahmet Karamustafa in his

479: 464: 1816:

of 1924, augmented (143 pages); third edition (Madrid: Instituto Hispano. Árabe de Cultura 1961); reprint 1984, by Hiperión.

934:

Accordingly, Asín (I) discusses in detail the above night journey in Muslim literature, (II) compares it to episodes in the

655:(883-931) follows. There Asín posits the continuation of pre-existing Iberian culture among Hispanic natives who, following 6919: 6909: 6661: 6503: 6302:(Lahore 2000, as translated by Huxley) re St. Teresa and al-Nuri at 75-85, while she refers to Asín's work at 79-82, 85-87. 4368:, IV: 173-180 (Rome 1953) at 175-176. This article includes a review of the prior scholarship of Cerulli and Muñoz Sendino. 5577:(1931, 1990) at 255. Asín later refers us to the Christian experience mentioned by St. Paul of "Christ living within us". 577:

in Latin. The result was the 1904 article, "El Averroísmo teológico de Santo Tomás de Aquino" by Asín, the professor from

6012: 5208:(1931, 1990), e.g., at 77-100 (Meca), at 101-117 (Damasco) and at 118 & 120 (photographs of his resting place there). 2801: 2061: 692:, showed little tolerance for religious dissenters such as Abenmasarra. Ibn Masarra felt compelled to flee, traveling to 1236:"). After publication of Asín's 5-volume study, additional writings of Ibn Hazm were discovered in the library of the 1065: 486:. Asín was in personal danger, yet that September nationalist forces captured San Sebastián. During the war he taught 6653: 3415:(1914, 1978), Chap. III : at 30 (continuity of thought), at 30-31 (father's client status), at 32 (his early ideas ). 3048: 2498:

Ignazio M. L. Sa'ade, "Adwa' 'ala al-mustasriq al ispani Asín Balaziyus wa-l hiwar bayna al Masihiyya wa-l Islam" in

1295:, and his subsequent influence ; third, selections translated from seven of Ibn 'Arabi's works, including the Meccan 368:(1906–1909). Asín attended international conferences in Algeria (1905) and Copenhagen (1908), where he engaged other 2749:(Madrid: Ediciones Istmo 1972), 328 pages, at Parte II "Influencias Islámicas en la Mística Española" pages 217-312. 1950:(Madrid: Ediciones Hiperión, 1989), 452 pages. The posthumously published articles, with a critical introduction by 616:

in Islam), in order to contrast and distinguish the similar rationalisms held by Averroës and by Aquinas. Yet, many

376:. In Madrid he continued to prosper, eventually being admitted to the royal court where he gained the friendship of 135: 6278:

At 182, 184, 186 in Asín (1946, 1989). Among other coincidences: the demonic dog lurking outside, trying to enter .

2642: 1439:, dissident religious groups organized in Spain during the 16th and 17th centuries, similarities compared with the 1132:. According to Asín, many subsequent anti-Christian polemics by Muslims more or less followed part I of Ibn Hazm's 582: 356: 6700: 6144:, at xviii); now called: "El símil de los castillos y moradas del alma en la mística Islamica y en Santa Teresa" . 1271:

Another work by Asín, which became well known to scholars of Islam, addresses the life and the sufi philosophy of

6838: 5432: 2420: 6446:(Madrid: Hiperión 1992) at 14. Among other contributors to this subtle sea-change in Spanish attitudes would be 4839:, a synchronic approach to differing religions (Judaism, Christianity, Islam) with an evident polemical purpose. 1908:(Madrid-Granada: Escuela de Estudios Árabes, & Madrid: Imprenta de Estanislao Maestre 1934-1941), 4 volumes. 309:

in Zaragoza, where he began to make lifelong friendships. He entered the Seminario Conciliar, singing his first

6761: 6592: 4818:, which sets out its perceptions about Buddhism, its sects, cults, monastic orders, ceremonies, temples. Asín, 4666:

Grammaire et théologie chez Ibn Hazm de Cordoue. Essai sur la structure et les conditions de la pensee musulman

3681:. This Abu 'l-Qasim "demonstrated how easily spiritual power can aspire to mundane power when he rose from his 685: 681:, then notes the accusations of heresy against him, and that he early concealed his teachings. At the time the 192: 6559: 5958:

discusses the "Heresy of the Ishmailites" at chapter 100 (attribution questioned), Muslims being called after

5921:

Asín repeatedly commented on the centuries of mutual influence between the two religions, hence his perceived

4261:(New York: Viking 2001), pp. 102-104 (Virgil and Beatrice, as guides); 113-114 (Virgil's role), regarding the 3001: 2996:

This boarding house was well known for its residents and visitors, past (e.g., Sanz del Rio) and current. The

1720:

further explores this association of images, tracing the parallel to a 9th-century Islamic mystic of Baghdad,

729:

available to Asín, his book treats the general context of the School and teachings of early Muslim mystics in

682: 337: 285:). Asín also published other comparative articles regarding certain Islamic influences on Christianity and on 6899: 6724: 4004:

at Part 1: 225-226; and at Part 2: 161 (Westminster MD: Newman Press 1950; reprint by Doubleday/Image 1962).

2293:, translated and abridged by Harold Sunderland (London: John Murray, 1926); reprint 1968, Frank Cass, London. 2099:(Paris: Didot), XIII/3: 335-431 (1916, 1919); reprint: Editions Brepols, Turnhout (Belgium), 1974; under the 1148:

appeared in the 9th century. Yet Asín more than once refers to Ibn Hazm as the first historian of religions.

806: 554: 6136:

XI:263-274 (1946), later reprinted in a collection of Asín's related articles (introduced by López-Baralt),

3616:(1978), for example, at 2-3, 12-13, 28, 88-89, 91 (and in Asín's prior works referenced at 12, footnote 25). 2519:

Mikel de Epalza, "Massignon et Asín Palacios: une longue amitie et deux aproches differentes de l'Islam" in

1596:

In Asín's concluding volume IV, he translates selections from works by Al-Ghazali (21 titles other than the

1592:, al-Ghazali's mystical doctrine, to which Asín also provides a Christian interpretation (also in vol. III). 971:, Dante himself plays the leading role; he is guided by the deceased poet Virgil as they travel through the 833:(c. 1214-c. 1294). Later another scholar would find evidence that may link the school of Ibn Masarra to the 333: 6409:

The 16th century when Saint Teresa lived, however, was a period of prolonged conflict and discord. For the

6260:, redacted in the 16th century from older material , cited by Asin (1946, 1989) at 183, 185, 186, 187, 190. 5316:

regarding Ibn 'Arabi's young wife; cf., Austin's "Introduction" 17-59, at 46 n.3 and 22-23, to Ibn 'Arabi,

3757:(Philadelphia: Jewish Publication Society 1941) at 59-79 (Solomon ibn Gabirol), and 150-183 (Judah Halevi). 3004:

met there, as did a variety of politicians and their supporters, and the young Duque de Alba (hence Asín's

656: 4733:(II: 233), yet whose sacred writings have been alterred--like those of Jews and Christians (II: 233, 237). 6969: 3501:(University of California 2007), at 72; Asín heads the long list of his references at note 63 (pp.80-81). 2682:

La escala de Mahoma, traducción del árabe al castillano, latín y francés, ordenada por Alfonso X el sabio

2182: 1482: 6830: 4417:(Italian interview with Maria Corti, April 2000). Latini's trip was probably circa 1259; he returned to 4320:

La Escala de Mahoma, tradución del árabe al castellano, latín y francés, ordenada por Alfonso X el sabio

2152:(Lund, Sweden 1924); "Influence musulmane dans Divine Comedie, Histoire et critique d'une polemique" in 1563:

After addressing Al-Ghazali the person, including a short biography, Asín analyses the teachings of his

6383:

generally at 51-81, re Sufis and the seven castles at 62-66. Swietlicki here is cited by López-Baralt,

6089:(1933; 1981) at 24-27 . For further research which develops the work of Miguel Asín Palacios here, see 5109:(Tratado de las Luces, o sea, de los Misterios con que favorece Dios al que entra en la Soledad) , and 4648:

Asín does not translate the entire text; for various sections he provides only a summary with analysis.

3348: 834: 359:

in order to create room there for Asín; Ribera in Zaragoza allowed Asín to leave to assume this Madrid

4966:(Asín's volume V, at 7-51), at chapter 4, which Asín entitles "Necessity of the Imam" (Asín at 34-43). 883:, written c.1308 to 1320. Specifically, Asín compares the Muslim religious literature surrounding the 6914: 6785: 6745: 6585: 6447: 5815: 5345:(1931, 1990), for example, at 5-7 (explaining his title), and at 7-28 (adumbrating his 'hypothesis'). 4435: 2833: 2775: 2771: 2630: 1013:, which has been traced to the Italian milieu of the poet, Dante Alighieri. Evidently Dante's mentor 6859: 6609: 6512: 5727:(1990), regarding St. John of the Cross, St. Teresa of Avila, as well as the Sadilies (a major Sufi 3798:(Paris 1859) at 241 . Munk made the then surprising discovery that it was Ibn Gabirol who wrote the 1382:, it might be said that Asín Palacios here presents us with a multidimensional, polyphonic text for 907:), with Dante's story describing his spiritual journey in which he meets various inhabitants of the 169: 107: 6377:

Spanish Christian Cabala. The Works of Luis de Leon, Santa Teresa de Jesus, and San Juan de la Cruz

4542: 3912: 2894: 2798:

Spanish Christian Cabala: The Works of Luis de León, Santa Teresa de Jesús, and San Juan de la Cruz

2786: 2648: 2569: 2410: 1826: 1608: 838: 609: 502:

He died on 12 August 1944 in San Sebastián. His passing prompted many scholars to review his work.

460: 6777: 6753: 6341:

For example, Francisco Marquez Villanueva, "El símil del Castillo interior: sentido y génesis" in

5925:

in taking a Christian approach to al-Ghazali. González Palencia, "Necrologia: Don Miguel Asín" in

5481:

Amr. La regla taxativa que fija las condiciones que deben cumplir los que siguen el camino de Dios

5093:(La regla taxativa que fija las condiciones que deben cumplir los que siguen el camino de Dios) , 3532:

47: 47-61, at 48. Asín knew of these titles only from references to them by others, for example,

3177:

9:266-291 at 289 (1944). One may conjecture whether Prof. García Gómez tended to type his teacher.

1108:, its putative errors and contradictions, showing familiarity with the texts. He also comments on 204: 5625: 5440: 4442:(Madrid: Espasa-Calpe 1956, 2d ed. 1968) at 59-60, where he further corroborates this connection. 3626: 2739: 2709: 2457: 1060: 483: 3096: 2701: 1159: 778:. Asín then discusses the influence of the school on Jewish figures of al-Andalus, for example, 5807: 5459: 5388: 4836: 3787: 3643: 3588: 3223:

Homenaje a D. Francisco Codera en su jubilación del profesorado. Estudios de erudición oriental

2009: 1649: 1225: 1009: 578: 317: 6806: 5581:

at 257. Asín's discussion mentions different levels and approaches, and the virtues practiced.

4349: 4017:(Madrid-Granada: Escuelas de Estudios Árabes, segunda edición, 1943) at 4; & 397-399, 452. 6046:

of Ibn 'Ata Allah of Alexandria (died 1258), with a commentary thereon by Ibn Abbad of Ronda.

5444: 5428: 5372: 4361: 2984: 2467: 1625: 664: 377: 236: 5356:

Ibn 'Arabi in the Later Islamic Tradition. The making of a polemical image in medieval Islam

4592:(1927-1932) are generally to the reprint by Ediciones Turner (Madrid, 1984), also 5 volumes. 6929: 6924: 6419:

Emperor of Culture. Alfonso X the Learned of Castile and His Thirteenth Century Renaissance

5284: 4453:

Emperor of Culture. Alfonso X the Learned of Castile and his thirteenth-century Renaissance

4407: 4348:

Regarding the translations made by this royal scriptorium of Alfonso X (r.1252-1284), cf.,

3919:, translated with an introduction by W. M. Thackston, Jr. (London: The Octagon Press 1982). 3902:. Corbin (1958, 1969) at 25-26, 48-49; cf., 367-368. Corbin cites Asín here, and elsewhere. 3550: 2684:(Madrid 1949), text independently discovered and published concurrently with Cerulli above. 2586:(Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1970), at Chapter VII, "Philosophy: Miguel Asín Palacios" at 174-195. 2539:

Emperor of Culture. Alfonso X the Learned of Castile and his thirteenth-century Renaissance

2400: 2365: 2311: 2095:"Logia et agrapha Domini Jesu apud moslemicos scriptores, asceticos praeserim, usitata" in 1679: 1613: 1383: 1375: 1162:

before retiring to his study. During the course of his career Ibn Hazm had become a Muslim

1141: 986:

Asín's book inspired a wide and energetic reaction, both positive and negative, as well as

527: 6577: 6287: 6090: 5720: 3485: 2899: 2821: 2759: 2526: 2331: 1951: 1780: 1717: 1080:. The remaining four volumes comprise an incomplete yet lengthy translation of Ibn Hazm's 805:

Asín points to the impact of these Muslim and Jewish thinkers of Spain regarding medieval

8: 6489: 6396:"Convivencia" signifies "living together" in Spanish, and may refer to an early medieval 5400: 5384: 5376: 5367:

From time to time Asín compares the Sufi practice of Ibn 'Arabi and the Christian. Asín,

4402:(1220-1294), that he met Bonaventura de Siena, thought to be the Latin translator of the 4051:

at the sura so named (XVII, 1-2), and perhaps alluded to twice more (LIII,1; LXXXIV, 19).

3993: 2815: 1721: 1691: 1556: 1077: 783: 660: 6851: 5950:, in the annotated translation by Wensinck (1919). Another Syrian Christian theologian, 5594:(Tokyo: Institute for the Study of Languages and Cultures of Asia and Africa 1987) at 2. 3731:(Philadelphia: Jewish Publication Society of America c. 1946; reprint by Atheneum 1969). 1426:

Among the many articles of Asín Palacios are studies concerning the following subjects:

1285:

El Islam cristianizado. Estudio del sufismo a través de las obras de Abenarabi de Murcia

6530: 6380: 5592:

Ibn 'Arabi's theory of the Perfect Man and its place in the history of Islamic thought.

5416: 5247: 4730: 3981: 3932:." . Claude Addas, "Andalusi Mysticism and the Rise of Ibn 'Arabi" at 909-933, 912, in 3769:

being the book's well-known title in its Latin translation, meaning "Fountain of Life".

1633: 636: 42: 4337:

Il "Libro della Scala" e la questione della fonti arabo-spagnole della Divina Commedia

3625:

Confirmation of Asín's perspective appears to be given in a later book by the scholar

2671:

Il "Libro della Scala" e la questione delle fonti arabo-spagnole della Divina Commedia

1796:

Logia et Agrapha Domini Jesu Apud Moslemicos Scriptores, Asceticos Praesertim, Usitata

6025:"Un precursor hispano musulman de San Juan de la Cruz", which was later reprinted in 5929:

II: 179-206 (1944), e.g., at 193-194, 198; cited by Valdivia Válor (1992) at 162-164.

4391: 4296:

See also Asín's response to his critics, "Historia y crítica de una polémica" (1924).

4088: 3898:

of Ibn Masarra and the mystical philosophy of Muslim Iran, for example, Suhrawardi's

3481: 2874: 2767: 2551:

Andrea Celli, "Miguel Asín Palacios, Juan de la Cruz e la cultura arabo-ispanica" in

2201: 2130: 2042: 1969: 1928: 1683: 1379: 1276: 996:, which describes Muhammad's night journey. This work was translated into Spanish as 987: 900: 853: 704: 701: 640: 496: 471: 440: 345: 6451: 6422: 6199:(1577; Image 1961) at 11-13 , and at 28, 29, 37, etc. ; also cf., E. Allison Peers, 6165:(Paulist Press 1979); and by Peers (Sheed & Ward 1943; reprint Doubleday 1961). 2378:

Scritti vari pubblicati in occassione del VI centario della morte di Dante Alighieri

1042: 726: 570: 6471: 6329: 5553: 5267: 5222: 4219: 4013:

Asín refers to his own precursors regarding Dante, for example, Bruno Nardi. Asín,

3428:(1914, 1978), Chap. III: at 33-34 ('Umar ibn Hafsun), 33-35 (political oppression). 3225:(Zaragoza: Escar 1904) at 271-331; reprinted in the collection of Asín's articles, 2390: 1524: 1022: 927: 589: 274: 6798: 6551: 4547:

El collar de la poloma, tratato sobre el amor y los amantes de Ibn Hazm de Córdoba

3744:(1914, 1978) at VIII:130-131 (ibn Gabirol, aka Avicebron) and 129 (Judah ha-Levi). 2355: 1652:" (contraction, due to despair) and "day" (inspired expansion) may relinquish the 1261: 475: 321: 149: 85: 5811: 5803: 5544: 5436: 5150:

Vidas de santones andaluces, la "Epistola de la santidad" de Ibn 'Arabi de Murcia

4908: 4781: 4414: 4399: 2904: 2747:

El pensamiento del Islam. Contenido e Historia. Influencia en la Mística española

2579: 2341: 2272: 1746: 1742: 1513: 1504: 1386:. In his other works on Sufi practice, Asín mentions precursors of Ibn 'Arabi in 1014: 973: 923: 912: 874: 858: 791: 766:. This Ibn al-'Arif became the focus of an emerging Sufi circle later called the 689: 644: 436: 432: 373: 286: 232: 228: 6481: 5548:. "Ibn al-'Arabi is known as the founder of the school of the Oneness of Being ( 4496:

Los caracteres y la conducta, tratado de moral práctica por Abenházam de Córdoba

3650:(Univ.of London 1960; reprints: Schocken 1969, Oneworld 1994) at 86-87, 92, 112. 573:(1126–1198), whether as protagonist or antagonist. Ibn Rushd came to be written 463:, influenced by Asín. In 1936 Asín was elected a Foreign Honorary Member of the 5984:(New York: Crossroad 2009), quoted by Robert P. Imbelli, "Identity Crisis?" in 5977: 5951: 5452: 5424: 5305: 4657: 4395: 3567: 3186:

Emilio García Gómez, "Don Miguel Asín (1873-1944) Esquema de una biografía" in

2923:

Emilio García Gómez, "Don Miguel Asín (1871-1944) Esquema de una biografía" in

2807: 2666: 2477: 2447: 2307:, translated by Elmer H. Douglas and Howard W Yoder, (New York: Vantage 1981). 2100: 2020: 1920: 1653: 1193: 1113: 992: 814: 562: 531: 428: 310: 5997:

Discussion of the mystical is in Asín's third volume, at chapters 30 and 31 .

5001:

Six prior articles (1899, 1906, 1925, 1926, 1926, 1928) of Asín are listed in

4714:(London: T. Fisher Unwin 1907; reprint: Cambridge University 1962) at 427-428. 3255:(1941), III at 43, 45-46, especially 49; see also II at 21, and again V at 60. 2675:

Nuove ricerche sul "Libro della Scala" e la conoscenza dell'Islam in Occidente

2300:, translated by Elmer H. Douglas and Howard W. Yoder (Leiden: E.J.Brill 1978). 6883: 6814: 6737: 5404: 5392: 5280: 5258:(1931, 1990) at 450-518. Another major work by the Ibn 'Arabi is the shorter 4619: 3511:

writings of his followers (in particular Ibn 'Arabi) and of his adversaries.

2879: 2598:

Figure della relazione: il Medioevo in Asín Palacios e nell'arabismo spagnolo

2565: 2505: 2358:, "El arabista español" (Real Academia Española, 1919); reprinted in Ribera, 2137: 2126: 2111: 1983: 1924: 1882: 1807: 1751: 1430: 1272: 1101: 1084:, a very long work on the history of religious ideas, its Arabic title being 1050: 878: 822: 779: 734: 515: 444: 400: 341: 245: 16:

Spanish scholar of Islamic studies, Arabic language and Roman Catholic priest

6347:

Actas del I Congreso Internacional sobre Santa Teresa y la Mística Hispanica

6029:(1941), at 235-304. An English translation was made by Douglas and Yoder as 5982:

The Difference God Makes. A Catholic Vision of Faith, Communion, and Culture

4085:(A.H. 85-151) in his "biography" of the prophet, in Alfred Guillaume (ed.), 2861:

was issued in 1980 at Madrid. This journal is a continuation of the journal

2584:

Islam and the Arabs in Spanish Scholarship. Sixteenth century to the present

967:

for the inspiration to create the memorable scenes of the afterlife. In his

387: 6822: 6417:(New York: George Braziller, & The Jewish Museum 1992); Burns, editor, 5943: 5612: 5448: 5408: 5056: 4768: 4065: 4030:(New York: Viking 2001), p. 101 (1308 or 1309 start), p. 189 (1320 finish). 3879: 3472:(1914, 1978), Chap. III : at 35-38 (ostracism by pressure from the Córdoba 3269: 2624: 2437: 2004:"Bosquejo de un diccionario téchnico de filosofía y teología musulmana" in 1396:), as well as those who drew on his teachings afterwards (for example, the 1237: 1209: 799: 678: 355:

Professor Codera then retired from his chair in the Arabic Language at the

20: 2544:

Rafael Ramón Guerrero, "Miguel Asín Palacios y la filosofía musulmana" in

5396: 5380: 4832: 4686: 4572: 4120: 3783: 3592: 3302: 1965: 1961: 1803: 1787: 1474: 1466: 1392: 830: 818: 759: 722: 714: 652: 630: 423:

except al-Ghazali). Asín did comparative work vis-à-vis Islam respecting

408: 5628:

described this Christian influence on early Islam in some detail in her

5221:(1931, 1990) at 123 n.5, mentions the 150 items of Ibn 'Arabi listed by 5113:(Las Revelaciones de Meca acerca del Conocimiento de Dios y del Mundo) . 3633:(London: Sheldon Press 1931; reprint Oneworld 1995) at Chap.VI, 103-124. 2944:(Madrid: Imprenta de Estanislao Maestre 1928), 2 volumes, at I: xv-cxvi. 2487:

Wunderli, "Zu Auseinander-setzungen. Uber die muselmanische Quellen der

2417:, IX: 267-291 (1944); a bibliography by Pedro Longas follows at 293-319. 1674: 1512:

implications. Here is the transliteration of Asín's name to reflect its

546: 404: 4895: 4729:

and his religion (II: 127-131, 231-237), Ibn Hazm acknowledges them as

4690: 4541:

His poetry appears in annotated translations by Asín's former student,

3703: 3702:(1914, 1978) at VIII:121-123 (Ibn al-'Arif and his circle). The Berber 2884: 2728: 2261: 2246: 2160: 2085: 2046: 2031: 1946: 1903: 1843: 1774: 1756: 1707: 1537: 1529: 1488: 1460: 1436: 1407: 1387: 1311: 1129: 1026: 979: 826: 771: 730: 648: 605: 597: 511: 424: 420: 416: 396: 329: 282: 254: 6476: 5741:(1985, 1990); and her "Saint John of the Cross and Ibn 'Arabi" (2000). 5737:(1985, 1992) on the two saints (chapters III and IV); and as well her 5558:

The Sufi Path of Knowledge. Ibn al-'Arabi's Metaphysics of Imagination

4878:(1927-1932) at I: 5; discussion in his chapter X, "Abenházam, Jurista 3945:. See below under "Selected Publications" for details on its editions. 3122:"Remembering those martyred by socialism during the Spanish Civil War" 2508:, "En el centario del nacimiento de Don Miguel Asín, I, linguista" in 1869:(al-Qahirah: Maktabat al-Anjlu al-Misriyah 1965). French translation: 1470: 1216:, as a jurist Ibn Hazm addresses possible rebellion against an unjust 1007:

Information also surfaced about another translation of it into Latin,

763: 5562:

Imaginal Worlds. Ibn al-'Arabi and the Problem of Religious Diversity

5552:). Though he does not employ the term, the idea permeats his works." 5479:

at §109 (p.339), selections of which Asín translated (at 300-351) as

5026:

For details see "Selected Publications by Asín" below, under "Books".

4761:

Ibn Hazm et la polémique Islamo-chrétienne dans l'Histoire de l'Islam

4724: 4615: 4498:(Madrid 1916), an ethical study by Asín, which translates Ibn Hazm's 4082: 4048: 4040: 3985: 3790:, and also references to 19th-century scholarship by David Kaufmann, 2953:

Emilio García Gómez, "Homenaje a Don Francisco Codera: 1836-1917" in

2223: 2171: 2050: 2016: 1857: 1500: 1303: 1288: 1205: 1185: 1001: 939: 908: 896: 884: 810: 775: 593: 566: 348:. Thus Asín was running parallel with a then European-wide effort to 270: 5101:(Epístola sobre lo que es esencialmente Indispensable al Novicio) , 3476:), 36-37 (travels), 38-41 (Ibn Masarra's return to Córdoba and his " 1330:, and Damasco, where he died and where his tomb now draws pilgrims. 620:

did not then accept without great controversy Asín's point of view.

302: 6359: 6228:, cited by Asín (1946, 1989) at 179, 180, 183, 186; as well as his 6216:

of 1566, at chapter 67 (cited in Asín's posthumous article at 185).

5412: 5287:, "The Tarjuman al-Ashwaq" 1-9, at 1, in Muhyi'ddín Ibn Al-'Arabí, 4694: 3989: 3862: 3678: 3533: 2889: 2677:(Vacticano 1972). Italian governor in Ethiopia, ambassador to Iran. 2257: 2074: 1994: 1942: 1833: 1699: 1663: 1637: 1496: 1492: 1481:

meaning "contemplation", although his practice was associated with

1440: 1402: 1307: 1241: 1229: 1197: 1145: 1117: 1046: 1038: 1021:

while both were staying at the court of king Alfonso X el Sabio in

888: 750: 742: 738: 707:(r.889/91-961), where he founded a School with elements of Sufism. 700:. He eventually returned to Córdoba under the tolerant rule of the 693: 673: 617: 542: 412: 369: 298: 66: 4930:

Ibtal al-qiyas wa-al-ra'y wa-al-istihsan wa-al-taqlid wa-al-ta'wil

3685:, , and subjected before he was killed in 546/1151." Trimingham, 2121:"Influencias evangélicas en la literatura religiosa del Islam" in 1938:(3 volumes, Madrid 1946-1948). Collection from books and articles. 1871:

L'Islam christianisé: Etude sur le Soufisme d'Ibn 'Arabi de Murcie

1842:

El justo medio de la creencia. Compendio de teología dogmática de

1074:

Abenházam de Córdoba y su historia crítica de las ideas religiosas

565:(c. 1225-1274), which would most likely come from the philosopher 5963: 5959: 5905: 5729: 5680:, and noting that Ibn 'Arabi gave public courses at Mecca on the 5500:

at §193 (pp.390-392). Asín translated it in part (at 378-432) as

5455: 5420: 4891: 4764: 4418: 3477: 2271:"El símil de los castillos y moradas en la mística islámica y en 2227: 2212: 2186: 1779:(Zaragoza: Tip. y Lib. de Comas Hermanos 1901), with prologue by 1641: 1444: 1397: 1306:, three of his visionary encounters with the 'maestro de verde' 1233: 1173: 1156: 1125: 1121: 1109: 1105: 306: 24: 5533:(1931, 1990), Capítulo XIII, "El Amor de Dios", at 240-251, 240. 4936:(1927-1932) at I: 259; cf., his chapter XI, "Abenházam, Jurista 4513:

El Cordobés Abenházam, primer historador de las ideas religiosas

3520:

Subsequently, two manuscripts of Ibn Masarra have been located (

2140:, Historia y crítica de una polémica" appearing concurrently in 1418: 1184:, is referenced by Asín and regards the Zahiri rejection of the 538: 6444:

Don Miguel Asín Palacios. Mística cristiana y mística musulmana

5733:

located mainly in Northern Africa) and the Alumbrados; and her

4937: 4887: 4883: 4879: 4525: 4215: 4061: 2968:

Don Miguel Asín Palacios. Mística cristiana y mística musulmana

2865:(1933–1978) which began under the direction of Professor Asín. 2591:

Don Miguel Asín Palacios. Mística cristiana y mística musulmana

2159:"Una sinopsis de la ciencia de los fundamentos jurídicos según 1896:

Sufis of Andalusia. The Ruh al-Quds & al-Durrat at-Fakhirah

1886: 1861: 1327: 1323: 1292: 1280: 1201: 1168: 1152: 1054: 964: 959: 943: 904: 862: 746: 601: 325: 278: 266: 240: 5785:

Asín's writings on Algazal are addressed by Valdivia Válor in

5517:

The ultimate abode on the mystic path is "love" . Cf., Asín,

5358:(Albany: State Univ. of New York 1999) at 19 (& 283-284 ). 5242:

is the major work by Ibn 'Arabi. Selections are translated as

4136:(2d ed., 1943) at Part I, 9-120, and also Appendix I, 425-443. 3599:(Philadelphia: Jewish Publication Society 1941), at 60-61, 64. 2460:, "Nuova luce sulle fonti islamiche della Divina Commedia" in 1451: 710: 6960:

Members of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences

5542:

A characteristic doctrine widely attributed to Ibn 'Arabi is

5502:

Mawaqui. Descenso de los Astros y Ascensiones de los Místicos

5419:, 195 re repetition of prayer , 202 re borrowing of the word 5246:, 2 volumes (New York: Pir Press 2002 & 2004), edited by 4601:

For a contemporaneous review by Ángel González Palencia, see

4381:(Santiago de Chile: Instituto Chileno-Arabe de Cultura 1965). 3984:

was clear from his "favorable" placement of the philosophers

3473: 2607:(Santiago de Chile: Instituto Chileno-Arabe de Cultura 1965). 1881:

Vidas de santones andaluces, la "Epistola de la santidad" de

1820: 1792:(Madrid 1914, Impressa Ibérica 1917); reprint Hiperión, 1991. 1629: 1319: 1315: 1221: 1189: 1163: 918: 892: 697: 668: 487: 258: 6415:

Convivencia. Jews, Muslims, and Christians in Medieval Spain

6269:

Asín (1946, 1989) at 183, 186; parallel in number and array.

6140:(1989) at 179-190. Asín had left it untitled (López-Baralt, 5868:

by Timothy J. Winter (Cambridge: Islamic Text Society 1989).

5648:

at 171-174; cf. "Selected Publications" below (for example,

5291:(London: The Royal Asiatic Society 1911; reprint Nabu 2010). 3385:(1970) at 180-182; and the somewhat sceptical Claude Addas, 2413:, "Don Miguel Asín, 1871-1944. Esquema de una biografia" in 2362:(Madrid: Imprenta de Estanislao Maestre 1928) at I: 457-488. 1410:

and Ibn 'Arabi, both well-known and still studied teachers.

1256: 869:

Perhaps Asín Palacios is best remembered for his 1919 book,

6607: 5909: 2663:(Madrid 1948-1949, 2 volumes). Historian, Spanish diplomat. 2403:, conference lecture given at the University of London, in 1853: 1636:(1332–1389); and also about Ibn Abbad's own sources in the 1217: 1177: 935: 845:

established a lasting influence on subsequent scholarship.

5750:

Cf., Arabic translation by Badawī of Asín's major work on

5609:

A volume of oriental studies dedicated to Edward G. Browne

5250:; Rev. Miguel Asín had translated a few selections of the 5229:, 5 volumes (Weimer & Leiden 1898-1942) at I: 442-448. 5009:, V: 239-241, 240 (1940), where Asín reviews A.E.Affifi's 3264:

Earlier Asín quoted rather extensively from Averroës, his

3212:

at 147-175; also the "Selected Commentary" section, infra.

2800:(Columbia: University of Missouri Press 1986). Professor, 1958:

Tres estudios sobre pensamiento y místico hispano-musulmán

688:

challenged by political unrest, and armed rebels such as '

677:). Asín describes his affinity to Greek philosophy, i.e., 5676:, at 263 note 1, itemizing several with reference to the 5178:

which give Ibn 'Arabi's retelling of these events. Asín,

5174:

Here Asín each time provides lengthy quotations from the

5105:(Descenso de los Astros y Ascensiones de los Místicos) , 5070:(Paris: Flammarion 1958), translated by Ralph Manheim as 4979:(1927-1932) in vol.V: 175-180 (part 6, Ch.4), at 177-179. 4579:(Madrid: Espasa-Calpe 1956, 1968) at 17-18 (citing Asín). 4528:

jurist, whose influence was lasting. Cf., Knut S. Vikor,

4072:

edited by Michael A. Sells (Paulist Press 1996) at 49-53.

3840:(Cambridge: Islamic Text Society 1993) at 58, citing the 3332: 2001:, numbers 7, & 8 (1900), numbers 10, & 11 (1901). 1620:

In 1933 Asín published in the first issue of the journal

320:

Asín had met and begun study under the Arabist Professor

6950:

Corresponding Fellows of the Medieval Academy of America

6379:(University of Missouri 1986), i.e., St. Teresa and the 5270:. Twenty-seven prophets are here individually addressed. 3890:(Princeton Univ. 1969), "saw" connections, through the 3614:

The Mystical Philosophy of Ibn Masarra and his Followers

3362:

The Mystical Philosophy of Ibn Masarra and his Followers

3276:(ed. Cairo AH.1313), which contains two works including 2824:, "Saint John of the Cross and Ibn 'Arabi: The Heart or 2298:

The mystical philosophy of Ibn Masarra and his followers

1836:

de Córdoba y su Historia crítica de las ideas religiosas

1790:

y su escuela. Orígenes de la filosofía hispano-musulmana

633:

y su escuela. Orígenes de la filosofía hispano-musulmana

227:(5 July 1871 – 12 August 1944) was a Spanish scholar of 5942:

at I: 18-19) refers to the Syrian Christian theologian

4322:(Madrid 1949). Muñoz Sendino also wrote the prólogo to 3242:(1941), e.g., cf., section III at 49, also VI at 63-64. 3008:

to royalty). Emilio García Gómez, "Don Miguel Asín" in

2812:

Percorsi dell'invenzione. Il linguaggio poetico e Dante

2785:(Madrid: Ediciones Hiperión 1985, 1989); translated by 809:, for example, the long drawn-out struggle between the 647:

in the East, in comparison with its later emergence in

6890:

Academic staff of the Complutense University of Madrid

6108:

Mystic Rebel Saint. A study of Saint John of the Cross

5630:

Studies in Early Mysticism in the Near and Middle East

2828:

as the Translucid and Ever-Changing Mirror of God" in

2725:

Ibn Sida de Murcia, el mayor lexicógrafo de Al-Andalus

2430:

Henri Terrasse, "Necrologie. Miguel Asín Palacios" in

1100:, Ibn Hazm gives a polemical description of Christian 957:

it was assumed that Dante drew from the long poem the

474:

began in July 1936, and caught Asín Palacios while in

5289:

The Tarjumán Al-Ashwáq. A Collection of Mystical Odes

5097:(Polítical Divina en el Gobierno del Reino Humano) , 5068:

L'imagination créatrice dans le Soufisme d'Ibn 'Arabi

4882:" at I: 121-130, and chapter XI, "Abenházam, Jurista 4744:

Discursos leídos ante la Real Acadamia de la Historia

4119:(New York: New American Library 1954), translated by 3884:

L'imagination créatrice dans le Soufisme d'Ibn 'Arabi

2754:

La política como único ciencia religiosa en al-Farabi

1960:(Madrid: Ediciones Hiperión, 1991). A collection of: 671:), Asín infers that he was such a Muslim 'Spaniard' ( 6955:

Fellows of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences

5839:(Harvard University 1964) at 156,n1 (to text at 83). 5564:(SUNY 1994), Chapter 1, "Oneness of Being" at 15-29. 3917:

The Mystical & Visionary Treatises of Suhrawardi

3341:

On the Unity of the Intellect against the Averroists

3335:. As a medieval tactician, St. Thomas did write his 2936:

Asín would later write the long introduction to the

2653:

Minorías étnico-religiosas de la edad media española

2012:

1902); V: 179-189, 264-275, 343-359 (Zaragoza 1903).

1894:. Cf. R.W.J.Austin's own translation of Ibn 'Arabi: 1690:

In a posthumously published article, Asín discusses

1542:

La espiritualidad de Algazal y su sentido cristiano.

1072:

From 1927 to 1932, Asín published a 5-volume study,

6429:(University of California 1971); Richard Fletcher, 5820:

La espiritualidad de Algazal y su sentido cristiano

5763:Manuscript: Istanbul, Shehid Ali Pasha 1712. Text: 5148:, his tribute to his early teachers of al-Andaluz. 5089:(Regalo para el Viaje a la Corte de la Santidad) , 3677:shaikh managed to set up a rival government in the 2393:, "Mohammedan Eschatology in the Divine Comedy" in 1000:by a scribe (Abrahim Alfaquim) of the Spanish king 253:(1919). He wrote on medieval Islam, extensively on 5496:(1931, 1990) at 254-255, which cites Ibn 'Arabi's 3786:, Asín cites to the near contemporary writings of 1086:Kitab al-Fisal fi al-milal wa-al-ahwa' wa-al-nihal 324:. In 1896 at Madrid he defended his thesis on the 6511: 6212:Santa Teresa previously used like imagery in her 5310:Quest for the Red Sulphur. The Life of Ibn 'Arabi 5011:The Mystical Philosophy of Muhyid Din Ibnul Arabi 3572:Quest for the Red Sulphur. The Life of Ibn 'Arabi 2985:Reprint, Cambridge: ILEX Editions/Harvard UP 2021 6881: 5877:There are several abridgements of al-Ghazzali's 5852:have been translated into English, for example, 5304:(Paris: Editions Gallimard 1989), translated by 5072:Creative Imagination in the Sufism of Ibn 'Arabi 4988:"Un Códice inexplorada de Cordobés Ibn Hazm" in 4577:España, Eslabón entre la Christiandad y el Islam 4530:Between God and Sultan. A History of Islamic Law 4087:The Life of Muhammad. A translation of Ishaq's " 3888:Creative Imagination in the Sufism of Ibn 'Arabi 3566:(Paris: Editions Gallimard 1989), translated by 3327:P. Chalmeta Gendrón, "Asín Palacios, Miguel" in 3051:. Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences 2639:España, Eslabón entre la Christiandad y el Islam 2574:En el centario del nacimiento de don Miguel Asín 2344:, "Les recherches d'Asín Palacios sur Dante" in 2283: 2211:"Por qué lucharon a nuestro lado los musulmanes 1762: 1151:Asín Palacio's biography shows Ibn Hazm as once 798:which still survives. It apparently shows clear 243:sources for ideas and motifs present in Dante's 6427:The Spaniards. An Introduction to Their History 4685:became well-known, for example, it is cited by 4440:España, eslabón entre la Cristiandad y el Islam 4104:Muhammad, the Apostle of God, and his Ascension 2970:(Madrid: Ediciones Hiperión 1992) at 19-25, 66. 2855:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas 2066:dans les oeuvres d'el-Gazali et d'Averroes" in 1136:. Asín, in his "Disertación preliminar" to the 31: and the second or maternal family name is 5860:by Nabih Amin Faris (Lahore: Asraf 1962); and 5822:(Madrid-Granados 1934-1941): Prologue at 9-10. 5475:(1931, 1990) at 163, citing Ibn 'Arabi's work 4660:criticized Asín as a translator of Ibn Hazm's 3723:Cf., Isaak Heinemann, editor, "Jehuda Halevi: 3484:(891-961) (r.912-961) in 929 became the first 2696:Colección de crónicas árabes de la Reconquista 2691:(Madrid 1952). Nephew of Miguel Asín Palacios. 2641:(Madrid: Espasa-Calpe 1956, 1968). Professor, 2310:Commentary: Alfred Guillaume, article (1921); 1873:(Paris: Guy Trédaniel 1982). An abridgement : 1536:In the 1930s, Asín began yet another study of 382:Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences 6593: 6497: 6349:edited by Manuel Criado de Val (Madrid 1984). 5152:(Madrid 1933). See Asín's bibliography below. 4917:The Zahiris. Their Doctrine and their History 4790:The Zahiris. Their Doctrine and their History 4466:La Escatologia Musulmana en la Divina Comedia 4276:La Escatologia Musulmana en la Divina Comedia 4015:La Escatologia Musulmana en la Divina Comedia 3838:Quest for Red Sulphur. The Life of Ibn 'Arabi 3343:(Marquette Univ. 1968); cf., Etienne Gilson, 2593:(Madrid: Ediciones Hiperión 1992), 213 pages. 2491:. Versuch einer kritischen Bibliographie" in 1406:). Asín refers to the many parallels between 871:La Escatologia Musulmana en la Divina Comedia 561:Asín Palacios researched Muslim influence on 251:La Escatología musulmana en la Divina Comedia 6006:Included are selections from his well-known 5895:(Oxford 1942) at 53; cited by Monroe at 192. 4558:Also the English translation of A. R. Nykl, 3794:(Budapest 1899) at 52-58, and Solomon Munk, 2423:, "Necrologia: Don Miguel Asín Palacios" in 1310:, and his travels visiting various sufis in 635:, Asín opens by describing the evolution of 344:, who is often called the leading figure in 6935:20th-century Spanish Roman Catholic priests 6674:Pedro de Silva y Sarmiento de Alagón (1802) 6292:Huellas del Islam en la literatura española 6176:Huellas del Islam en la literatura española 4697:(Rosenthal's 1958 translation, v.1 at 414). 4571:Such medieval Arabic poetry influenced the 4406:, at the court of Alfonso X of Spain. Cf., 4060:The Mi'raj is described authoritatively in 3631:Early Mysticism in the Near and Middle East 3587:But compare the pseudo-Empedocles named by 3530:Journal of the Muhyiddin Ibn 'Arabi Society 3305:(1266-1308) was an advocate of voluntarism. 2830:Journal of the Muhyiddin ibn 'Arabi Society 2783:Huellas del Islam en la literatura española 2090:Melanges de la Faculte oriental de Beyrouth 6965:Fellows of the Medieval Academy of America 6600: 6586: 6504: 6490: 6413:epoch, e.g., Mann, Glick, Dodds, editors, 6315:(1985, 1992) at 91-92 text, and at note 2. 6300:The Sufi Trobar Clus and Spanish Mysticism 5833:Islam and the Arabs in Spanish Scholarship 5699:Islam and the Arabs in Spanish Scholarship 5662:Islam and the Arabs in Spanish Scholarship 5560:(SUNY 1989), at 79 and 226. Wm. Chittick, 5435:(late 5th-early 6th), 234 re 16th-century 5041:Islam and the Arabs in Spanish Scholarship 4637:Islam and the Arabs in Spanish Scholarship 4483:Islam and the Arabs in Spanish Scholarship 3969:Islam and the Arabs in Spanish Scholarship 3383:Islam and the Arabs in Spanish Scholarship 3238:Asín Palacios, "El Averroísmo" (1904), in 3160:Emilio García Gómez, "Don Miguel Asín" in 3149:Islam and the Arabs in Spanish Scholarship 3069:Emilio García Gómez, "Don Miguel Asín" in 3023:Islam and the Arabs in Spanish Scholarship 2981:Islam and the Arabs in Spanish Scholarship 2440:, "Hommage a Don Miguel Asín Palacios" in 2116:Boletin de la Biblioteca Menéndez y Pelayo 6343:Acta del Congreso Internacional Teresiano 6332:" dimension to the symbolic similarities. 6328:at 91, note 2; she discounts a possible " 4379:Influencia del Islam en la Divina Comedia 3595:(1021-1058), cited by Isaac Husik in his 3337:De Unitate Intellectus Contra Averroistas 2774:1985; Madrid: Hiperión 1990). Professor, 2605:Influencia del Islam en la Divina Comedia 2553:Rivista di Storia e Letteratura Religiosa 1600:) and provides a brief analysis of each. 802:references to the school of Ibn Masarra. 380:. He was elected a foreign member of the 120:26 January 1919 – 12 August 1944 5893:An Introduction to the History of Sufism 5789:(1992) at 97-102, 116-118, 120-123, and 5723:, her "Estudio introductorio" to Asín's 5035:See the discussions in: Valdivia Válor, 4915:(Leipzig 1884), translated by W.Behn as 4788:(Leipzig 1884), translated by W.Behn as 4693:, e.g., at the end of section 25 on the 4068:, whose text in English can be found in 3894:and perhaps via Ibn 'Arabi, between the 3886:(Paris: Flammarion 1958), translated as 3782:(1914, 1978) at VIII:130-131. Regarding 3377:(1914) in general, see: Valdivia Válor, 1673: 1607: 1523: 1450: 1417: 1255: 1059: 917: 852: 782:(c. 1085-c. 1140), and in particular on 709: 537: 526: 386: 6294:(Madrid: Hiperión 1985), translated as 6178:(Madrid: Hiperión 1985), translated as 4865:(1927-1932) at I: 136; compare, at 227. 4175:(2d ed., 1943) at Part II/7-9: 192-266. 4149:(2d ed., 1943) at Part II/3-5: 133-175. 4106:(Uppsala 1955), for example, at 96-114. 3813:A History of Medieval Jewish Philosophy 3755:A History of Medieval Jewish Philosophy 3710:, and to prosecute a sustained revolt. 3597:A History of Medieval Jewish Philosophy 3102:. American Academy of Arts and Sciences 3097:"Book of Members, 1780-2010: Chapter A" 2756:(Madrid: Instituto Hispano-Arabi 1980). 2721:El morisco granadino Alonso de Castillo 2165:Anuario de Historia del Derecho Español 600:(1135–1204) the Jewish philosopher and 522: 239:. He is primarily known for suggesting 6882: 6477:Al-Qantara. Revista de estudios árabes 6468:Works by or about Miguel Asín Palacios 5938:In this regard, Asín in his Prologue ( 5862:Remembrance of Death and the Afterlife 5302:Ibn 'Arabi ou La quéte du Soufre Rouge 3796:Mélanges de Philosophie Juive et Arabe 3564:Ibn 'Arabi ou La quéte du Soufre Rouge 3549:(Leiden: E. J. Brill 1992), edited by 3049:"Miguel Asin y Palacios (1871 - 1944)" 2851:Al-Qantara. Revista de Estudios Árabes 2717:Juan de Segovia y el problemo islámico 2546:Revista Española de Filosofía Medieval 2529:, her critical introduction to Asín's 2376:III (Roma 1919); "Dante e l'Islam" in 2368:, "Intorno alle fonti orientali della 2320: 651:(Muslim Iberia). A brief biography of 499:, "a child of 73 years" when he died. 182:23 June 1943 – 12 August 1944 6581: 6485: 6059:(1992) at 137-139, 138, citing Asín, 4831:Relevant here is a near contemporary 4364:, "New lignt on Dante and Islam", in 4162:(2d ed., 1943) at Part II/6: 175-191. 2738:(Madrid 1957), 2 volumes. Professor, 2176:Boletín de la Academia de la Historia 1990:(Madrid: Suárez 1899) at II: 217-256. 1912: 1877:(Córdoba: Ediciones El Amendro 1990). 1369:an awareness of unity with the Divine 717:, influenced by Ibn Masarra's school. 663:. Because of AbeMnmasarra's father's 465:American Academy of Arts and Sciences 313:at San Cayetano in Zaragoza in 1895. 6895:Members of the Royal Spanish Academy 5195:(1931, 1990), at 60-76 (Fez, Túnez). 5182:(1931, 1990) at 49-50, 62-63, 72-73. 4532:(Oxford University 2005) at 117-119. 4188:(2d ed., 1943) at Part III: 271-353. 4093:(Oxford University 1955) at 181-187. 3089: 2470:, "New Light on Dante and Islam" in 2142:Boletín de la Real Academia Española 2045:en dos grandes místicos musulmanes, 1890:(Madrid 1933), a translation of the 1852:El Islam cristianizado. Estudio del 1603: 1248:, to which Asin devoted an article. 6421:(University of Pennsylvania 1990); 6013:The Incoherence of the Philosophers 5848:Only a few volumes of al-Ghazali's 5262:, translated by R. W. J. Austin as 5227:Geschichte der arabisches Literatur 5204:Ibn 'Arabi's travels east in Asín, 5074:(Princeton Univ. 1969) at 39 n.12. 4335:Concurrent work by Enrico Cerulli, 4214:, Book VI, lines 301-447, the hero 4201:(2d ed., 1943) at Part IV: 355-421. 3360:Translated by Douglas and Yoder as 3284:). Asín, "El Averroísmo" (1904) in 2832:, XXVIII: 57-90 (2000). Professor, 2514:Boletin de la Real Academa Española 2195:Boletín de la Universidad de Madrid 1875:Amor humano, amor divino: Ibn Arabi 1825:(Madrid 1927), preliminary note by 451:reference note on its proper page. 13: 6846:José Manuel Blecua Perdices (2010) 6669:José Joaquín de Silva-Bazán (1776) 6538:Enrique Ramírez de Saavedra (1863) 6226:Kitab al-tanwir fi isqat al-taqdir 6203:(London 1927-1930), at I: 162-191. 6076:(1933; 1981) at section II, 11-13. 5611:(Cambridge Univ. 1922), edited by 5371:(1931, 1990), e.g., at 138-139 re 4515:(Madrid: Estanislao Maestre 1924). 4455:(University of Pennsylvania 1990). 3402:(1914, 1978), Chapters I and II . 3345:The Spirit of Mediaeval Philosophy 2659:(Madrid 1947-1948, 2 volumes), II 2541:(University of Pennsylvania 1990). 2279:XI: 263-274 (Madrid-Granada 1946). 2268:IX-XVI (Madrid-Granada 1944-1951). 2200:"Un precursor hispano musulmán de 2070:nos. 261 & 262 (Algeria 1906). 2027:(Zaragoza 1904), at pages 271-331. 1814:Historia y crítica de una polémica 1669: 848: 786:(c. 1021-1058), known in Latin as 14: 6981: 6945:19th-century Spanish male writers 6461: 6087:Saint John of the Cross and Islam 6074:Saint John of the Cross and Islam 6031:Saint John of the Cross and Islam 5866:Kitab dhikr al-mawt wa ma ba'dahu 5266:(Paulist Press 1980), Preface by 4398:discussed Dante's Italian mentor 3381:(1992) at 107-114; James Monroe, 3251:Asín, "El Averroísmo" (1904), in 2849:continues to publish the journal 2637:(Buenos Aires 1941, 1943, 1946); 2348:XXXVI (Paris 1919); reprinted in 2305:Saint John of the Cross and Islam 2253:VIII: 1-87 (Madrid-Granada 1943). 2217:Boletín de la Universidad Central 2103:name of Michaël Asin et Palacios. 1867:Ibn 'Arabi, hayatuhu wa-madhhabuh 1140:, compares the late emergence of 721:Due to a lack of extant works by 297:Miguel Asín Palacios was born in 249:, which he discusses in his book 6905:Comparative literature academics 6436: 6403: 6390: 6369: 6352: 6335: 6318: 6305: 6281: 6272: 6263: 6251: 6248:, Asín (1946, 1989) at 181, 188. 6235: 6219: 6206: 6189: 6168: 6147: 6126: 6113: 6100: 6079: 6066: 6049: 6036: 6019: 6000: 5991: 5988:, v.201 #12 at 36 (Nov.2, 2009). 5969: 5932: 5915: 5898: 5885: 5871: 5842: 5825: 5796: 5779: 5770: 5757: 5744: 5713: 5704: 5687: 5667: 5639: 5618: 5597: 5584: 5567: 5536: 5511: 5486: 5465: 5399:the Syrian (c. 306-373), 174 re 5379:(347-407), 145-147 re Christian 5361: 5348: 5335: 5323: 5294: 5273: 5232: 5211: 5198: 5185: 5168: 5155: 5134: 5116: 5079: 5050: 5029: 5020: 4995: 4982: 4969: 4956: 4943: 4922: 4901: 4868: 4855: 4842: 4825: 4808: 4795: 4774: 4763:(Leiden: Brill 2003), e.g., the 4753: 4736: 4717: 4700: 4675: 4651: 4642: 4639:(Leiden: E.J.Brill 1970) at 187. 4629: 4608: 4595: 4582: 4565: 4481:(Madrid 1924). Cited by Monroe, 4081:The Mi'raj is also described by 3802:. Asín (1914, 1978) at VIII:130. 3792:Studien über Salomon Ibn Gabirol 3480:"), 41 (his books). The Umayyad 2613: 2238:V: 45-154 (Madrid-Granada 1940). 2136:"La escatología musulmana en la 2118:(Santander), II: 171-232 (1920). 2106:"Los precedentes musulmanes del 1829:who edited this shorter version. 1540:(1058–1111), which is entitled, 1017:met the Latin translator of the 608:". Asín also refers to medieval 510:Following early publications on 6246:Libro de la desnudez espiritual 6155:Las Moradas o Castillo interior 5433:Pseudo-Dionysius the Areopagite 5415:(c. 5 BC-c. 67 AD), 191 re the 4712:A Literary History of the Arabs 4552: 4535: 4518: 4505: 4488: 4471: 4458: 4445: 4428: 4384: 4371: 4355: 4342: 4329: 4312: 4299: 4290: 4281: 4268: 4251: 4238: 4225: 4204: 4191: 4178: 4165: 4152: 4139: 4126: 4109: 4096: 4075: 4054: 4033: 4020: 4007: 3974: 3961: 3948: 3939: 3922: 3905: 3872: 3847: 3830: 3818: 3805: 3772: 3760: 3747: 3734: 3717: 3692: 3667: 3653: 3636: 3619: 3602: 3581: 3556: 3539: 3514: 3504: 3491: 3462: 3449: 3441:(Oxford University 1971) at 46: 3431: 3418: 3405: 3392: 3367: 3354: 3321: 3308: 3291: 3258: 3245: 3232: 3215: 3202: 3193: 3180: 3167: 3154: 3141: 3128: 3114: 3076: 3063: 2802:University of Wisconsin–Madison 2219:(Madrid 1940), written in 1937. 1736: 1706:of Ahmad al-Gazali (brother of 1516:pronunciation: Asīn Balāthīus. 774:who then ruled al-Andalus from 6793:Vicente García de Diego (1965) 6685:José Miguel de Carvajal-Vargas 6201:Studies of the Spanish Mystics 6153:Specifically in Teresa's book 6095:San Juan de la Cruz y el Islam 5739:San Juan de la Cruz y el Islam 3301:(1941), IV at 52, V at 57-60. 3041: 3028: 3015: 2990: 2973: 2960: 2947: 2930: 2917: 2847:Instituto Miguel Asín Palacios 2764:San Juan de la Cruz y el Islam 2512:XXXIV: 451-460 (1969), and in 2208:I: 7-79 (Madrid-Granada 1933). 2025:Homenaje a D. Francisco Cadera 1499:, particularly with regard to 1224:) and to the "madre de Jesús" 686:Abdullah ibn Muhammad al-Umawi 645:center of Islamic civilization 623: 1: 6725:Juan de la Pezuela y Cevallos 6701:Francisco Martínez de la Rosa 6622:Juan Manuel Fernández Pacheco 6387:(1985, 1992) at 127-131, 134. 6110:(Geneva: Droz 1979) at 25-27. 5636:, reprint Oxford Univ. 1978). 5423:(Arabic: carama), 212-215 re 5144:Asín translated Ibn 'Arabi's 5039:at 127-136, 162-174; Monroe, 4710:, cf., Reynold A. Nicholson, 3992:(Avicenna) in the poem. Cf., 3664:(1914, 1978) at VIII:122-123. 3073:9:266-291 at 284, 287 (1944). 2910: 2708:(Barcelona 1961). Professor, 2698:(Tetuán 1952-1955) 4 volumes. 2635:Poesía Árabe y Poesía Europea 2434:XXXII/19: 11-14 (Rabat 1945). 2385:Revista degli Studi Orientali 2325: 2291:Islam and the "Divine Comedy" 2284:Books and articles in English 2154:Revue de littérature comparée 1777:, dogmática, moral y ascética 1763:Selected publications by Asín 1519: 1251: 6940:19th-century Spanish writers 6732:Alejandro Pidal y Mon (1906) 6679:Ramón Cabrera y Rubio (1814) 6654:José de Carvajal y Lancáster 6433:(New York: Henry Holt 1992). 5940:La espiritualidad de Algazal 5791:La espiritualidad de Algazal 5447:(c. 150-c. 215), 257-258 re 4746:(Madrid 1924). Cf., Monroe, 4524:Ibn Hazm was then a leading 4047:is briefly mentioned in the 3788:Shem-Tob b. Joseph Falaquera 3499:Sufism. The formative period 3190:9:266-291 at 287-289 (1944). 3164:9:266-291 at 284-285 (1944). 3012:9:266-291 at 274-275 (1944). 2689:Historia del nombre "Madrid" 2123:A Volume of Oriental Studies 1988:Homenaje a Menéndez y Pelayo 841:(c. 1155-1191). Asín's 1914 549:), detail from the painting 23:, the first or paternal 7: 6920:Spanish literary historians 6910:Christian scholars of Islam 6693:José Gabriel de Silva-Bazán 6560:Francisco Rodríguez Adrados 6385:Islam in Spanish Literature 6326:Islam in Spanish Literature 6313:Islam in Spanish Literature 6296:Islam in Spanish Literature 6180:Islam in Spanish Literature 5735:Islam in Spanish Literature 4953:(1927-1932), at I: 140-144. 3958:(1992) at 118-120, 150-160. 3457:The Legacy of Muslims Spain 3364:(Leiden: E. J. Brill 1978). 3297:"El Averroísmo" (1904), in 2868: 2791:Islam in Spanish Literature 2736:Filosofía hispano-musulmana 2715:Darío Cabanelas Rodríguez, 1976: 1477:, mentioned by Ibn 'Arabi; 1032: 825:(1165–1240), as well as to 534:, sculpture (17th century). 338:Marcelino Menéndez y Pelayo 265:(1931) presents a study of 131:Enrique Ramírez de Saavedra 10: 6986: 6839:Víctor García de la Concha 5767:(al-munqidh min al-ḍalāl). 5085:Works translated by Asín: 4622:, and Asín himself. Asín, 3934:The Legacy of Muslim Spain 3648:Hindu and Muslim Mysticism 3591:(1225-1290) in discussing 3576:The Legacy of Muslim Spain 3547:The Legacy of Muslim Spain 3349:philosophical anthropology 3274:Kitab al-falsafat Ibn Rusd 2853:, in conjunction with the 2840: 2834:Universidad de Puerto Rico 2814:(Torino 1993). Professor, 2776:Universidad de Puerto Rico 2772:Universidad de Puerto Rico 2559: 2474:IV/3: 173-180 (Roma 1953). 2421:es:Ángel González Palencia 2081:XIII: 41-61 (Madrid 1909). 1659:establish the connection. 1503:'s impact on European and 963:by the ancient Roman poet 18: 6870: 6762:Francisco Rodríguez Marín 6616: 6525: 6033:(New York: Vantage 1981). 5615:and Reynold A. Nicholson. 5238:The immense multi-volume 5045:Quest for the Red Sulphur 4886:" at I: 131-144. Yet the 4852:(1927-1932) at II: 33-79. 4588:Citations here to Asín's 3729:Three Jewish Philosophers 3387:Quest for the Red Sulphur 2942:Disertaciones y Opúsculos 2793:(Leiden: E.J.Brill 1992). 2523:13: 157-169 (Paris 1970). 2502:(Lebanon, February 1968). 2360:Disertaciones y Opusculos 2334:, his prologue to Asín's 1856:a través de las obras de 1560:justified in his course. 817:(1225–1274) and those of 749:, the Greco-Roman mystic 261:: Algazel). A major book 218: 214: 210: 198: 193:Francisco Rodríguez Marín 186: 175: 167: 163: 159: 155: 143: 124: 113: 101: 97: 93: 74: 52: 40: 6831:Fernando Lázaro Carreter 6638:Andrés Fernández Pacheco 6364:Spanish Christian Cabala 6157:(1577), , translated as 6121:Spanish Christian Cabala 6057:Don Miguel Asín Palacios 5787:Don Miguel Asín Palacios 5695:Don Miguel Asín Palacios 5658:Don Miguel Asín Palacios 5650:Abenmasarra y su escuela 5443:(died 1173), 248-249 re 5391:(1491-1556), 159-160 re 5140:Shortly after finishing 5059:remarks on Asín's title 5037:Don Miguel Asín Palacios 4805:(1927-1932) at II: 7-79. 4575:. Ramón Menéndez Pidal, 4307:Don Miguel Asín Palacios 3956:Don Miguel Asín Palacios 3913:Shahab al-Din Suhrawardi 3844:of Ibn 'Arabi at I: 147. 3687:The Sufi Orders in Islam 3610:Abenmasarra y su escuela 3439:The Sufi Orders in Islam 3379:Don Miguel Asín Palacios 3316:Don Miguel Asín Palacios 3221:Originally published in 3210:Don Miguel Asín Palacios 3136:Don Miguel Asín Palacios 3036:Don Miguel Asín Palacios 2752:Salvador Gómez Nogales, 2706:Los musulmanes españoles 2183:Abu-l Abbas Ibn al-'Arif 1993:"El filósofo zaragozano 1767: 1413: 1291:teachings, his place in 1176:. His legal treatise on 877:(1265–1321) in his work 843:Abenmasarra y su escuela 505: 277:: Mohidín Abenarabe) of 6717:Mariano Roca de Togores 6567:Dolores Corbella (2023) 5441:Richard of Saint Victor 5127:(1931, 1990) at 36-37, 4771:(1263-1328) at 175-183. 4759:Cf., Abdelilah Ljamai, 3998:A History of Philosophy 3980:Dante's admiration for 3867:The Mystical Philosophy 3855:The Mystical Philosophy 3825:The Mystical Philosophy 3780:The Mystical Philosophy 3742:The Mystical Philosophy 3700:The Mystical Philosophy 3662:The Mystical Philosophy 3470:The Mystical Philosophy 3437:J. Spencer Trimingham, 3426:The Mystical Philosophy 3413:The Mystical Philosophy 3400:The Mystical Philosophy 3329:Gran Enciclopedia Rialp 3318:(1992) at 104-107, 104. 3199:See bibliography below. 2927:9: 266-291, 269 (1944). 2740:University of Salamanca 2734:Miguel Cruz Hernández, 2710:University of Barcelona 2480:, "Dante e l'Islam" in 2458:Giorgio Levi della Vida 2427:II/4-5: 179-206 (1944). 2383:A. Nallino, article in 2380:(Varallo Sessia, 1921). 2356:Julián Ribera y Tarragó 2352:I: 57-81 (Beirut 1963). 2346:Revue du Monde Musulman 2133:(Cambridge Univ. 1922). 2008:, III: 50-56, 385-392 ( 1612:St. John of the Cross, 1363:, to endure suffering; 899:and thence up with the 790:. Ibn Gabirol wrote in 484:Second Spanish Republic 415:, as well as the rabbi 334:Francisco Codera Zaidín 322:Julián Ribera y Tarragó 318:Universidad de Zaragoza 292: 281:in Andalusia (medieval 6860:Santiago Muñoz Machado 6630:Mercurio López Pacheco 6610:Real Academia Española 6513:Real Academia Española 6375:Catherine Swietlicki, 5765:Deliverance From Error 5674:El Islam cristianizado 5646:El Islam cristianizado 5634:The Way of the Mystics 5605:El Islam cristianizado 5603:Miguel Asín Palacios, 5575:El Islam cristianizado 5531:El Islam cristianizado 5519:El Islam cristianizado 5506:El Islam cristianizado 5494:El Islam cristianizado 5473:El Islam cristianizado 5460:Christian spirituality 5407:(292-348), 185 re St. 5395:(354-430), 169-171 re 5389:St. Ignatius of Loyola 5375:(251-356), 141-142 re 5369:El Islam cristianizado 5244:The Meccan Revelations 5240:al-Futuhat al-makkiyya 5165:(1931, 1990) at 39-40. 5076: 5061:El Islam cristianizado 5003:El Islam cristianizado 4837:Shikand-gumanic Vichar 4822:(1927-1932) at II: 16. 4350:Escuela de Traductores 4070:Early Muslim Mysticism 3612:(1914), translated as 3446: 3000:(discussion group) of 2957:at 15: 263-274 (1950). 2857:(CSIC). Volume one of 2796:Catherine Swietlicki, 2600:(Roma: Carocci 2005). 2493:Romanistiches Jahrbuch 2407:(London, August 1921). 2387:(Roma 1921) at VIII/4. 2038:(Madrid 1906), at 533. 1906:y su sentido cristiano 1848:(Madrid: Mestre 1929). 1710:); and, the anonymous 1687: 1678:St. Theresa of Ávila, 1617: 1533: 1456: 1423: 1344: 1268: 1232:visited by the "ángel 1078:historian of religions 1069: 1010:Liber scalae Machometi 931: 866: 733:. Asín discusses the 718: 558: 551:Triunfo de Santo Tomás 535: 391: 263:El Islam cristianizado 170:Real Academia Española 108:Real Academia Española 6195:St. Teresa of Ávila, 6163:Saint Teresa of Avila 6138:Sadilies y Alumbrados 5854:The Book of Knowledge 5725:Sadilies y Alumbrados 5654:Sadilies y alumbrados 5445:Clement of Alexandria 5429:St. John of the Cross 5411:(c. 360-433), 187 re 5373:St. Anthony the Great 5064: 4605:at I: 213-214 (1933). 4421:in 1266. Dante wrote 4305:Cf., Valdivia Válor, 3578:(Leiden: Brill 1992). 3459:(Leiden: Brill 1992). 3442: 2983:(Leiden: Brill 1970, 2966:José Valdivia Válor, 2649:Isidro de las Cagigas 2589:José Valdivia Válor, 2533:(1989), at ix-lxviii. 2531:Sadilies y Alumbrados 2444:229-243 (Tunes 1945). 2338:(1901), at vii-xxxix. 2170:"El místico murciano 2097:Patrología Orientalis 2073:"La moral gnómica de 2021:Santo Tomas de Aquino 1902:La Espiritualidad de 1846:. Traducción española 1692:Santa Teresa de Ávila 1677: 1611: 1527: 1454: 1421: 1390:(i.e., the school of 1340: 1259: 1142:comparative religious 1063: 921: 856: 713: 541: 530: 390: 357:Universidad de Madrid 269:through the works of 237:Roman Catholic priest 6900:Spanish orientalists 6872:Accidental; Interim 6786:Ramón Menéndez Pidal 6770:Miguel Asín Palacios 6746:Ramón Menéndez Pidal 6544:Miguel Asín Palacios 6448:Ramón Menéndez Pidal 6214:Camino de perfección 5793:at 123-125, 147-150. 5701:at 190-191, 193-194. 5664:at 180-181, 193-194. 5660:at 132-133. Monroe, 5590:Masataka Takeshita, 5431:(1542-1591), 231 re 5403:(1515-1582), 183 re 5354:Alexander D. Knysh, 5332:or greatest Teacher. 5285:Reynold A. Nicholson 5264:The Bezels of Wisdom 4977:Abenházam de Córdoba 4820:Abenházam de Córdoba 4560:The Dove's Neck-Ring 4436:Ramón Menéndez Pidal 4318:José Muñoz Sendino, 4002:Mediaeval Philosophy 3815:(1941) at 60, 63-64. 3551:Salma Khadra Jayyusi 3288:(1941), II at 21-41. 2680:José Muñoz Sendino, 2643:University of Madrid 2631:Ramón Menéndez Pidal 2576:(Madrid: CSIC 1969). 2484:XXI: 229-253 (1956). 2464:XIV: 376-407 (1949). 2401:Thomas Walker Arnold 2397:(London, June 1921). 2312:Thomas Walker Arnold 2197:III: 441-458 (1931). 2146:Il Giornale Dantesco 1921:Sto. Tomas de Aquino 1898:(1971, 2002), at 18. 1702:Ibn 'Ata Allah; the 1680:Doctor of the Church 1614:Doctor of the Church 1495:, known in Latin as 1384:comparative religion 1359:, dying to passion; 1273:Muhyiddin Ibn 'Arabi 1106:trinitarian doctrine 863:Palazzo degli Uffizi 837:and mystic of Iran, 835:philosopher of light 523:Aquinas and Averroës 454:In 1932 the journal 352:inner spirituality. 271:Muhyiddin ibn 'Arabi 225:Miguel Asín Palacios 47:Miguel Asín Palacios 6807:Pedro Laín Entralgo 6362:. Cf., Swietlicki, 6008:Tahafut al-falasifa 5956:Concerning Heresies 5656:). Valdivia Válor, 5401:St. Teresa of Avila 5385:St. Basil the Great 5377:St. John Chrysostom 5300:Cf., Claude Addas, 5043:at 188-189; Addas, 4894:which prevailed in 4748:Islam and the Arabs 4689:(1332-1406) in his 4543:Emilio García Gómez 4324:La escala de Mahoma 3994:Frederick Copleston 2895:Emilio García Gómez 2816:University of Pavia 2781:Luce López-Baralt, 2687:Jaime Oliver Asín, 2570:Emilio García Gómez 2516:51: 393-402 (1971). 2495:, XV: 19-50 (1964). 2454:35: 273-280 (1945). 2450:, "Miguel Asín" in 2411:Emilio García Gómez 2405:Contemporary Review 2321:Selected commentary 2232:Libro de los cercos 2202:San Juan de la Cruz 1970:San Juan de la Cruz 1919:Huellas del Islam. 1827:Emilio García Gómez 1733:in medieval Spain. 1722:Abu-l-Hasan al-Nuri 1626:San Juan de la Cruz 1548:of al-Ghazali, the 1355:, death to hunger; 1275:(1165–1240) of the 1267:Spanish: Abenarabi. 1206:'spirit' of the law 998:La Escala de Mahoma 922:Dante, detail from 829:(1233–1315) and to 784:Solomon ibn Gabirol 461:Emilio García Gómez 332:(1058–1111) before 6970:Ibn Arabi scholars 6646:Juan López Pacheco 6381:Christian Kabbalah 5954:(676-749), in his 5952:Joannis Damascenus 5837:Three Muslim Sages 5427:(297-373), 225 re 5387:(329-379), 158 re 5318:Sufis of Andalucia 5248:Michel Chodkiewicz 4731:people of the book 4672:(1992) at 160-161. 4423:La Divina Commedia 4413:2014-07-14 at the 4377:Gérman Sepúlveda, 4362:Francesco Gabrieli 4309:(1992) at 150-160. 4064:, for example, of 3982:Islamic philosophy 3971:(1970) at 182-184. 3753:Cf., Isaac Husik, 3589:Shem Tob Falaquera 2940:for Prof. Ribera, 2745:Cristóbal Cuevas, 2694:A. Huici Miranda, 2623:(Barcelona 1932). 2619:Jose López Ortiz, 2603:Gérman Sepúlveda, 2521:Cahiers de l'Herne 2468:Francesco Gabrieli 2191:Mahasin Al-Mayalis 2092:VII (Beirut 1914). 2057:I: 209-235 (1906). 2041:"La psicología de 1929:S. Juan de la Cruz 1913:Collected articles 1724:(died 907), whose 1688: 1634:Ibn Abbad al-Rundi 1618: 1534: 1469:(12th century) de 1457: 1424: 1269: 1244:, including legal 1208:, as unacceptable 1202:juristic authority 1172:(or "literalist") 1070: 1037:The importance of 1004:el Sabio in 1264. 948:La Divina Commedia 932: 911:and records their 903:through the seven 880:La Divina Commedia 867: 807:Christian theology 719: 661:converted to Islam 637:Islamic philosophy 628:In his 1914 book, 559: 555:Andrea da Bonaiuto 536: 392: 287:mysticism in Spain 43:The Most Excellent 6877: 6876: 6709:Ángel de Saavedra 6662:Fernando de Silva 6608:Directors of the 6575: 6574: 6288:Luce López-Baralt 6119:Cf., Swietlicki, 6091:Luce López-Baralt 6061:Huellas del Islam 6027:Huellas del Islam 5946:(1226-1286), his 5879:Ihya 'Ulum-ud-Din 5818:. Asín Palacios, 5721:Luce López-Baralt 5710:See bibliography. 5458:, and 264-274 re 4992:, 2: 1-56 (1934). 4962:At part 4 of the 4117:The Divine Comedy 4089:Sirat Rasul Allah 3869:at VIII:136 n.48. 3486:Caliph of Córdoba 3482:Abd ar-Rahman III 3299:Huellas del Islam 3282:Doctrina decisiva 3253:Huellas del Islam 3240:Huellas del Islam 3229:(1941), at 11-72. 3227:Huellas del Islam 3124:. 9 January 2022. 3002:Menéndez y Pelayo 2979:James T. Monroe, 2900:Luce López-Baralt 2875:The Divine Comedy 2822:Luce López-Baralt 2768:Colegio de México 2760:Luce López-Baralt 2702:Juan Vernet Ginés 2673:(Vaticano 1949); 2527:Luce López-Baralt 2366:Giuseppe Gabrieli 2332:Menéndez y Pelayo 2148:(Florence 1924), 2131:Reynold Nicholson 2051:Mohidin Abenarabi 2006:Revista de Aragón 1999:Revista de Aragón 1952:Luce López-Baralt 1806:musulmana en la " 1781:Menéndez y Pelayo 1718:Luce López-Baralt 1684:Peter Paul Rubens 1624:an article about 1604:John of the Cross 1550:Ihya 'Ulum ad-Din 1528:Autobiography of 1380:religious studies 1265:Arabic: ابن عربي 1155:to the declining 755:Pseudo-Empedocles 705:Abd ar-Rahman III 581:newly arrived in 497:John Henry Newman 472:Spanish Civil War 441:John of the Cross 372:and academics in 350:understand Muslim 346:Islamic mysticism 342:Mohidin Abenarabe 222: 221: 6977: 6915:Spanish Arabists 6863: 6855: 6852:Darío Villanueva 6847: 6842: 6834: 6826: 6818: 6810: 6802: 6794: 6789: 6781: 6778:José María Pemán 6773: 6765: 6757: 6754:José María Pemán 6749: 6741: 6733: 6728: 6720: 6712: 6704: 6696: 6688: 6680: 6675: 6670: 6665: 6657: 6649: 6641: 6633: 6625: 6602: 6595: 6588: 6579: 6578: 6568: 6563: 6555: 6547: 6539: 6534: 6506: 6499: 6492: 6483: 6482: 6472:Internet Archive 6455: 6442:Valdivia Válor, 6440: 6434: 6407: 6401: 6394: 6388: 6373: 6367: 6366:(1986) at 49-51. 6356: 6350: 6339: 6333: 6322: 6316: 6309: 6303: 6285: 6279: 6276: 6270: 6267: 6261: 6255: 6249: 6239: 6233: 6223: 6217: 6210: 6204: 6193: 6187: 6172: 6166: 6161:by Kavanaugh in 6151: 6145: 6130: 6124: 6117: 6111: 6104: 6098: 6083: 6077: 6070: 6064: 6055:Valdivia Válor, 6053: 6047: 6040: 6034: 6023: 6017: 6004: 5998: 5995: 5989: 5973: 5967: 5948:Book of the Dove 5936: 5930: 5919: 5913: 5902: 5896: 5889: 5883: 5875: 5869: 5846: 5840: 5829: 5823: 5800: 5794: 5783: 5777: 5774: 5768: 5761: 5755: 5748: 5742: 5717: 5711: 5708: 5702: 5693:Valdivia Válor, 5691: 5685: 5671: 5665: 5643: 5637: 5622: 5616: 5601: 5595: 5588: 5582: 5571: 5565: 5554:William Chittick 5540: 5534: 5515: 5509: 5490: 5484: 5469: 5463: 5365: 5359: 5352: 5346: 5339: 5333: 5327: 5321: 5298: 5292: 5277: 5271: 5268:Titus Burckhardt 5236: 5230: 5223:Carl Brockelmann 5215: 5209: 5202: 5196: 5189: 5183: 5172: 5166: 5159: 5153: 5138: 5132: 5120: 5114: 5083: 5077: 5054: 5048: 5047:, mixed at 1-10. 5033: 5027: 5024: 5018: 4999: 4993: 4986: 4980: 4973: 4967: 4960: 4954: 4947: 4941: 4940:" at I: 131-144. 4926: 4920: 4905: 4899: 4872: 4866: 4859: 4853: 4846: 4840: 4829: 4823: 4812: 4806: 4799: 4793: 4778: 4772: 4757: 4751: 4740: 4734: 4721: 4715: 4704: 4698: 4679: 4673: 4655: 4649: 4646: 4640: 4633: 4627: 4612: 4606: 4599: 4593: 4586: 4580: 4569: 4563: 4556: 4550: 4539: 4533: 4522: 4516: 4509: 4503: 4492: 4486: 4475: 4469: 4462: 4456: 4449: 4443: 4432: 4426: 4388: 4382: 4375: 4369: 4359: 4353: 4346: 4340: 4333: 4327: 4316: 4310: 4303: 4297: 4294: 4288: 4285: 4279: 4272: 4266: 4257:R. W. B. Lewis, 4255: 4249: 4242: 4236: 4229: 4223: 4208: 4202: 4195: 4189: 4182: 4176: 4169: 4163: 4156: 4150: 4143: 4137: 4130: 4124: 4113: 4107: 4100: 4094: 4079: 4073: 4058: 4052: 4037: 4031: 4026:R. W. B. Lewis, 4024: 4018: 4011: 4005: 3978: 3972: 3965: 3959: 3954:Valdivia Válor, 3952: 3946: 3943: 3937: 3926: 3920: 3909: 3903: 3876: 3870: 3851: 3845: 3834: 3828: 3827:at VIII:144-145. 3822: 3816: 3809: 3803: 3776: 3770: 3764: 3758: 3751: 3745: 3738: 3732: 3721: 3715: 3696: 3690: 3671: 3665: 3657: 3651: 3640: 3634: 3623: 3617: 3606: 3600: 3585: 3579: 3560: 3554: 3543: 3537: 3526:Kitab al-tabsira 3518: 3512: 3508: 3502: 3495: 3489: 3466: 3460: 3453: 3447: 3435: 3429: 3422: 3416: 3409: 3403: 3396: 3390: 3389:(1993) at 57-59. 3371: 3365: 3358: 3352: 3339:, translated as 3325: 3319: 3312: 3306: 3295: 3289: 3266:Kitab al-Tahafut 3262: 3256: 3249: 3243: 3236: 3230: 3219: 3213: 3206: 3200: 3197: 3191: 3184: 3178: 3171: 3165: 3158: 3152: 3145: 3139: 3134:Valdivia Válor, 3132: 3126: 3125: 3118: 3112: 3111: 3109: 3107: 3101: 3093: 3087: 3080: 3074: 3067: 3061: 3060: 3058: 3056: 3045: 3039: 3034:Valdivia Válor, 3032: 3026: 3025:at 175-178, 129. 3019: 3013: 2994: 2988: 2977: 2971: 2964: 2958: 2951: 2945: 2934: 2928: 2921: 2723:(Granada 1965); 2621:Derecho musulmán 2452:The Muslim World 2391:Alfred Guillaume 2079:Cultura Española 2055:Cultura Española 2036:Cultura Española 1726:Maqamat al-qulub 1567:in four parts: 1555:British scholar 1532:: the last page. 1473:, influenced by 1064:Interior of the 988:further research 953:Prior to Asín's 928:Duomo di Orvieto 590:Greek philosophy 588:With respect to 366:Cultura Española 205:José María Pemán 201: 189: 180: 168:Director of the 146: 139: 127: 118: 81: 62: 60: 38: 37: 6985: 6984: 6980: 6979: 6978: 6976: 6975: 6974: 6880: 6879: 6878: 6873: 6866: 6858: 6850: 6845: 6837: 6829: 6821: 6813: 6805: 6797: 6792: 6784: 6776: 6768: 6760: 6752: 6744: 6736: 6731: 6723: 6715: 6707: 6699: 6691: 6683: 6678: 6673: 6668: 6660: 6652: 6644: 6636: 6628: 6620: 6612: 6606: 6576: 6571: 6566: 6558: 6550: 6542: 6537: 6529: 6521: 6510: 6464: 6459: 6458: 6441: 6437: 6408: 6404: 6395: 6391: 6374: 6370: 6357: 6353: 6340: 6336: 6323: 6319: 6310: 6306: 6286: 6282: 6277: 6273: 6268: 6264: 6256: 6252: 6242:Kitab al-tayrid 6240: 6236: 6224: 6220: 6211: 6207: 6197:Interior Castle 6194: 6190: 6173: 6169: 6159:Interior Castle 6152: 6148: 6131: 6127: 6118: 6114: 6106:José C. Nieto, 6105: 6101: 6084: 6080: 6072:Asín Palacios, 6071: 6067: 6063:(1933) at 249 . 6054: 6050: 6041: 6037: 6024: 6020: 6005: 6001: 5996: 5992: 5974: 5970: 5937: 5933: 5920: 5916: 5903: 5899: 5891:A. J. Arberry, 5890: 5886: 5876: 5872: 5847: 5843: 5830: 5826: 5801: 5797: 5784: 5780: 5775: 5771: 5762: 5758: 5749: 5745: 5718: 5714: 5709: 5705: 5692: 5688: 5672: 5668: 5644: 5640: 5623: 5619: 5602: 5598: 5589: 5585: 5572: 5568: 5550:wahdat al-wujud 5545:wahdat al-wujud 5541: 5537: 5516: 5512: 5491: 5487: 5470: 5466: 5437:Spanish mystics 5366: 5362: 5353: 5349: 5340: 5336: 5330:Shaykh al-Akbar 5328: 5324: 5299: 5295: 5278: 5274: 5237: 5233: 5216: 5212: 5203: 5199: 5190: 5186: 5173: 5169: 5160: 5156: 5139: 5135: 5121: 5117: 5084: 5080: 5055: 5051: 5034: 5030: 5025: 5021: 5000: 4996: 4987: 4983: 4974: 4970: 4961: 4957: 4948: 4944: 4927: 4923: 4909:Ignaz Goldziher 4906: 4902: 4873: 4869: 4860: 4856: 4847: 4843: 4830: 4826: 4814:This being the 4813: 4809: 4800: 4796: 4782:Ignaz Goldziher 4779: 4775: 4758: 4754: 4741: 4737: 4722: 4718: 4705: 4701: 4680: 4676: 4670:Don Miguel Asín 4656: 4652: 4647: 4643: 4634: 4630: 4613: 4609: 4600: 4596: 4587: 4583: 4570: 4566: 4557: 4553: 4540: 4536: 4523: 4519: 4510: 4506: 4493: 4489: 4476: 4472: 4464:Asín Palacios, 4463: 4459: 4450: 4446: 4433: 4429: 4415:Wayback Machine 4408:Dante e l'Islam 4404:Kitab al-Mi'raj 4400:Brunetto Latini 4389: 4385: 4376: 4372: 4366:East & West 4360: 4356: 4347: 4343: 4339:(Vatican 1949). 4334: 4330: 4317: 4313: 4304: 4300: 4295: 4291: 4286: 4282: 4274:Asín Palacios, 4273: 4269: 4256: 4252: 4243: 4239: 4230: 4226: 4209: 4205: 4196: 4192: 4183: 4179: 4170: 4166: 4157: 4153: 4144: 4140: 4131: 4127: 4114: 4110: 4102:Geo Widengren, 4101: 4097: 4080: 4076: 4059: 4055: 4038: 4034: 4025: 4021: 4012: 4008: 3988:(Averroës) and 3979: 3975: 3966: 3962: 3953: 3949: 3944: 3940: 3927: 3923: 3910: 3906: 3878:Independently, 3877: 3873: 3852: 3848: 3835: 3831: 3823: 3819: 3810: 3806: 3777: 3773: 3765: 3761: 3752: 3748: 3739: 3735: 3722: 3718: 3697: 3693: 3672: 3668: 3658: 3654: 3641: 3637: 3624: 3620: 3607: 3603: 3586: 3582: 3561: 3557: 3544: 3540: 3519: 3515: 3509: 3505: 3496: 3492: 3467: 3463: 3454: 3450: 3436: 3432: 3423: 3419: 3410: 3406: 3397: 3393: 3372: 3368: 3359: 3355: 3326: 3322: 3313: 3309: 3296: 3292: 3272:1303), and the 3263: 3259: 3250: 3246: 3237: 3233: 3220: 3216: 3207: 3203: 3198: 3194: 3185: 3181: 3172: 3168: 3159: 3155: 3146: 3142: 3133: 3129: 3120: 3119: 3115: 3105: 3103: 3099: 3095: 3094: 3090: 3081: 3077: 3068: 3064: 3054: 3052: 3047: 3046: 3042: 3033: 3029: 3020: 3016: 2995: 2991: 2978: 2974: 2965: 2961: 2952: 2948: 2935: 2931: 2922: 2918: 2913: 2905:James T. Monroe 2871: 2843: 2719:(Madrid 1952); 2616: 2580:James T. Monroe 2562: 2555:, XLIII (2007). 2548:2: 7-17 (1995). 2489:Divina Commedia 2342:Louis Massignon 2328: 2323: 2303:Asín Palacios, 2296:Asín Palacios, 2289:Asín Palacios, 2286: 2167:2:13-26 (1925). 2144:(Madrid 1924), 2084:"La mystique d' 2068:Revue Africaine 1979: 1936:Obras escogidas 1915: 1770: 1765: 1747:Louis Massignon 1743:Islamic studies 1739: 1672: 1670:Teresa of Ávila 1606: 1522: 1505:Arab philosophy 1491:(1106–1138) of 1416: 1376:oriental Church 1336:Shaykh al-Akbar 1266: 1264: 1254: 1194:learned opinion 1035: 1019:Kitab al-Mi'raj 1015:Brunetto Latini 993:Kitab al-Mi'raj 924:Luca Signorelli 875:Dante Alighieri 859:Dante Alighieri 851: 849:Dante Alighieri 762:(1088–1141) of 753:(205-270), and 690:Umar ibn Hafsun 667:(to his Berber 626: 592:, particularly 525: 508: 437:Teresa of Avila 433:Dante Alighieri 374:Islamic studies 295: 233:Arabic language 229:Islamic studies 199: 187: 181: 176: 144: 133: 125: 119: 114: 89: 83: 79: 70: 64: 58: 56: 48: 45: 36: 17: 12: 11: 5: 6983: 6973: 6972: 6967: 6962: 6957: 6952: 6947: 6942: 6937: 6932: 6927: 6922: 6917: 6912: 6907: 6902: 6897: 6892: 6875: 6874: 6871: 6868: 6867: 6865: 6864: 6856: 6848: 6843: 6835: 6827: 6819: 6811: 6803: 6795: 6790: 6782: 6774: 6766: 6758: 6750: 6742: 6734: 6729: 6721: 6713: 6705: 6697: 6689: 6681: 6676: 6671: 6666: 6658: 6650: 6642: 6634: 6626: 6617: 6614: 6613: 6605: 6604: 6597: 6590: 6582: 6573: 6572: 6570: 6569: 6564: 6556: 6548: 6540: 6535: 6526: 6523: 6522: 6509: 6508: 6501: 6494: 6486: 6480: 6479: 6474: 6463: 6462:External links 6460: 6457: 6456: 6452:Américo Castro 6435: 6423:Américo Castro 6402: 6389: 6368: 6351: 6334: 6324:López-Baralt, 6317: 6311:López-Baralt, 6304: 6280: 6271: 6262: 6250: 6234: 6218: 6205: 6188: 6174:López-Baralt, 6167: 6146: 6125: 6123:(1986) at 184. 6112: 6099: 6078: 6065: 6048: 6035: 6018: 5999: 5990: 5978:Francis George 5968: 5931: 5914: 5897: 5884: 5870: 5841: 5831:Monroe in his 5824: 5795: 5778: 5769: 5756: 5743: 5712: 5703: 5686: 5684:of al-Ghazali. 5666: 5638: 5626:Margaret Smith 5624:The same year 5617: 5596: 5583: 5566: 5535: 5510: 5485: 5464: 5425:St. Athanasius 5417:Monks of Egypt 5360: 5347: 5334: 5322: 5306:Peter Kingsley 5293: 5272: 5260:Fusus al-hikam 5231: 5210: 5197: 5184: 5167: 5154: 5133: 5115: 5078: 5049: 5028: 5019: 4994: 4981: 4968: 4955: 4942: 4928:Longer title: 4921: 4900: 4867: 4854: 4841: 4824: 4807: 4794: 4773: 4752: 4750:(1970) at 186. 4735: 4716: 4708:Kitab al-Fisal 4699: 4674: 4658:Roger Arnaldez 4650: 4641: 4628: 4607: 4594: 4581: 4564: 4551: 4549:(Madrid 1952). 4534: 4517: 4504: 4487: 4485:(1970) at 186. 4470: 4457: 4444: 4427: 4383: 4370: 4354: 4341: 4328: 4326:(Madrid 1949). 4311: 4298: 4289: 4280: 4267: 4250: 4237: 4224: 4203: 4190: 4177: 4164: 4151: 4138: 4125: 4108: 4095: 4074: 4053: 4032: 4019: 4006: 3973: 3960: 3947: 3938: 3921: 3904: 3892:alam al-mithal 3871: 3846: 3829: 3817: 3804: 3771: 3759: 3746: 3733: 3716: 3691: 3666: 3652: 3635: 3627:Margaret Smith 3618: 3601: 3580: 3568:Peter Kingsley 3555: 3538: 3522:Kitab al-huruf 3513: 3503: 3490: 3461: 3448: 3430: 3417: 3404: 3391: 3366: 3353: 3320: 3307: 3290: 3257: 3244: 3231: 3214: 3201: 3192: 3179: 3166: 3153: 3140: 3127: 3113: 3088: 3086:section below. 3075: 3062: 3040: 3027: 3014: 2989: 2972: 2959: 2946: 2929: 2915: 2914: 2912: 2909: 2908: 2907: 2902: 2897: 2892: 2887: 2882: 2877: 2870: 2867: 2842: 2839: 2838: 2837: 2819: 2805: 2794: 2779: 2757: 2750: 2743: 2732: 2713: 2699: 2692: 2685: 2678: 2667:Enrico Cerulli 2664: 2646: 2628: 2615: 2612: 2611: 2610: 2609: 2608: 2596:Andrea Celli, 2594: 2587: 2577: 2561: 2558: 2557: 2556: 2549: 2542: 2534: 2524: 2517: 2503: 2496: 2485: 2478:Enrico Cerulli 2475: 2465: 2455: 2448:Arthur Jeffery 2445: 2435: 2428: 2418: 2408: 2398: 2388: 2381: 2370:Divina Comedia 2363: 2353: 2339: 2327: 2324: 2322: 2319: 2318: 2317: 2316: 2315: 2301: 2294: 2285: 2282: 2281: 2280: 2269: 2254: 2243:Carta de Adiós 2239: 2220: 2209: 2198: 2179: 2168: 2157: 2138:Divina Comedia 2134: 2119: 2104: 2093: 2082: 2071: 2058: 2039: 2034:exagerado" in 2028: 2013: 2002: 1991: 1978: 1975: 1974: 1973: 1955: 1939: 1933: 1914: 1911: 1910: 1909: 1899: 1878: 1849: 1839: 1830: 1817: 1808:Divina Comedia 1799: 1798:.(Paris 1916). 1793: 1784: 1769: 1766: 1764: 1761: 1738: 1735: 1671: 1668: 1605: 1602: 1594: 1593: 1587: 1581: 1575: 1521: 1518: 1509: 1508: 1486: 1464: 1449: 1448: 1434: 1415: 1412: 1347:regarding the 1253: 1250: 1212:. Late in his 1034: 1031: 969:Divina Comedia 955:La Escatologia 850: 847: 815:Thomas Aquinas 702:Umayyad caliph 625: 622: 563:Tomás d'Aquino 532:Thomas Aquinas 524: 521: 507: 504: 480:Basque country 429:Thomas Aquinas 294: 291: 220: 219: 216: 215: 212: 211: 208: 207: 202: 196: 195: 190: 184: 183: 173: 172: 165: 164: 161: 160: 157: 156: 153: 152: 147: 141: 140: 128: 122: 121: 111: 110: 99: 98: 95: 94: 91: 90: 84: 82:(aged 73) 78:12 August 1944 76: 72: 71: 65: 54: 50: 49: 46: 41: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 6982: 6971: 6968: 6966: 6963: 6961: 6958: 6956: 6953: 6951: 6948: 6946: 6943: 6941: 6938: 6936: 6933: 6931: 6928: 6926: 6923: 6921: 6918: 6916: 6913: 6911: 6908: 6906: 6903: 6901: 6898: 6896: 6893: 6891: 6888: 6887: 6885: 6869: 6861: 6857: 6853: 6849: 6844: 6840: 6836: 6832: 6828: 6824: 6820: 6816: 6815:Rafael Lapesa 6812: 6808: 6804: 6800: 6799:Dámaso Alonso 6796: 6791: 6787: 6783: 6779: 6775: 6771: 6767: 6763: 6759: 6755: 6751: 6747: 6743: 6739: 6738:Antonio Maura 6735: 6730: 6726: 6722: 6718: 6714: 6710: 6706: 6702: 6698: 6694: 6690: 6686: 6682: 6677: 6672: 6667: 6663: 6659: 6655: 6651: 6647: 6643: 6639: 6635: 6631: 6627: 6623: 6619: 6618: 6615: 6611: 6603: 6598: 6596: 6591: 6589: 6584: 6583: 6580: 6565: 6561: 6557: 6553: 6552:Dámaso Alonso 6549: 6545: 6541: 6536: 6532: 6531:Agustín Durán 6528: 6527: 6524: 6520: 6519: 6514: 6507: 6502: 6500: 6495: 6493: 6488: 6487: 6484: 6478: 6475: 6473: 6469: 6466: 6465: 6453: 6449: 6445: 6439: 6432: 6431:Moorish Spain 6428: 6424: 6420: 6416: 6412: 6406: 6399: 6393: 6386: 6382: 6378: 6372: 6365: 6361: 6355: 6348: 6344: 6338: 6331: 6327: 6321: 6314: 6308: 6301: 6297: 6293: 6289: 6284: 6275: 6266: 6259: 6258:Kitab nawadir 6254: 6247: 6243: 6238: 6231: 6227: 6222: 6215: 6209: 6202: 6198: 6192: 6185: 6181: 6177: 6171: 6164: 6160: 6156: 6150: 6143: 6139: 6135: 6129: 6122: 6116: 6109: 6103: 6097:(1985, 1990). 6096: 6092: 6088: 6082: 6075: 6069: 6062: 6058: 6052: 6045: 6039: 6032: 6028: 6022: 6015: 6014: 6009: 6003: 5994: 5987: 5983: 5979: 5972: 5965: 5961: 5957: 5953: 5949: 5945: 5941: 5935: 5928: 5924: 5918: 5911: 5907: 5901: 5894: 5888: 5882:Publications. 5880: 5874: 5867: 5863: 5859: 5858:Kitab al-'ulm 5855: 5851: 5845: 5838: 5834: 5828: 5821: 5817: 5813: 5809: 5805: 5799: 5792: 5788: 5782: 5773: 5766: 5760: 5754:(Cairo 1965). 5753: 5747: 5740: 5736: 5732: 5731: 5726: 5722: 5716: 5707: 5700: 5696: 5690: 5683: 5679: 5675: 5670: 5663: 5659: 5655: 5651: 5647: 5642: 5635: 5631: 5627: 5621: 5614: 5610: 5606: 5600: 5593: 5587: 5580: 5576: 5570: 5563: 5559: 5555: 5551: 5547: 5546: 5539: 5532: 5528: 5524: 5520: 5514: 5508:, at 254-255. 5507: 5503: 5499: 5495: 5489: 5482: 5478: 5474: 5468: 5461: 5457: 5454: 5450: 5446: 5442: 5439:, 246-247 re 5438: 5434: 5430: 5426: 5422: 5418: 5414: 5410: 5406: 5405:St. Pachomius 5402: 5398: 5394: 5393:St. Augustine 5390: 5386: 5383:, 153-155 re 5382: 5378: 5374: 5370: 5364: 5357: 5351: 5344: 5338: 5331: 5326: 5320:(1971; 2002). 5319: 5315: 5311: 5307: 5303: 5297: 5290: 5286: 5282: 5281:Gustav Flügel 5276: 5269: 5265: 5261: 5257: 5253: 5249: 5245: 5241: 5235: 5228: 5224: 5220: 5214: 5207: 5201: 5194: 5188: 5181: 5177: 5171: 5164: 5158: 5151: 5147: 5143: 5137: 5130: 5126: 5119: 5112: 5108: 5104: 5100: 5096: 5092: 5088: 5082: 5075: 5073: 5069: 5062: 5058: 5053: 5046: 5042: 5038: 5032: 5023: 5016: 5012: 5008: 5004: 4998: 4991: 4985: 4978: 4972: 4965: 4959: 4952: 4946: 4939: 4935: 4931: 4925: 4918: 4914: 4913:Die Zâhiriten 4910: 4904: 4897: 4893: 4889: 4885: 4881: 4877: 4871: 4864: 4858: 4851: 4845: 4838: 4834: 4828: 4821: 4817: 4811: 4804: 4798: 4791: 4787: 4786:Die Zâhiriten 4783: 4777: 4770: 4766: 4762: 4756: 4749: 4745: 4739: 4732: 4728: 4727: 4720: 4713: 4709: 4703: 4696: 4692: 4688: 4684: 4678: 4671: 4667: 4663: 4659: 4654: 4645: 4638: 4632: 4625: 4621: 4617: 4611: 4604: 4598: 4591: 4585: 4578: 4574: 4568: 4562:(Paris 1931). 4561: 4555: 4548: 4544: 4538: 4531: 4527: 4521: 4514: 4508: 4501: 4497: 4491: 4484: 4480: 4474: 4467: 4461: 4454: 4448: 4441: 4437: 4431: 4424: 4420: 4416: 4412: 4409: 4405: 4401: 4397: 4393: 4387: 4380: 4374: 4367: 4363: 4358: 4352:(in English). 4351: 4345: 4338: 4332: 4325: 4321: 4315: 4308: 4302: 4293: 4284: 4277: 4271: 4264: 4263:Divine Comedy 4260: 4254: 4247: 4241: 4234: 4228: 4221: 4217: 4213: 4207: 4200: 4194: 4187: 4181: 4174: 4168: 4161: 4155: 4148: 4142: 4135: 4129: 4122: 4118: 4112: 4105: 4099: 4092: 4090: 4084: 4078: 4071: 4067: 4063: 4057: 4050: 4046: 4045:night journey 4042: 4036: 4029: 4023: 4016: 4010: 4003: 3999: 3995: 3991: 3987: 3983: 3977: 3970: 3964: 3957: 3951: 3942: 3935: 3931: 3925: 3918: 3914: 3908: 3901: 3897: 3893: 3889: 3885: 3881: 3875: 3868: 3864: 3860: 3856: 3850: 3843: 3839: 3833: 3826: 3821: 3814: 3808: 3801: 3797: 3793: 3789: 3785: 3781: 3775: 3768: 3763: 3756: 3750: 3743: 3737: 3730: 3726: 3720: 3713: 3709: 3705: 3701: 3695: 3689:(1971) at 46. 3688: 3684: 3680: 3676: 3670: 3663: 3656: 3649: 3645: 3639: 3632: 3628: 3622: 3615: 3611: 3605: 3598: 3594: 3590: 3584: 3577: 3573: 3569: 3565: 3559: 3552: 3548: 3542: 3535: 3531: 3527: 3523: 3517: 3507: 3500: 3494: 3487: 3483: 3479: 3475: 3471: 3465: 3458: 3452: 3445: 3440: 3434: 3427: 3421: 3414: 3408: 3401: 3395: 3388: 3384: 3380: 3376: 3370: 3363: 3357: 3350: 3346: 3342: 3338: 3334: 3330: 3324: 3317: 3311: 3304: 3300: 3294: 3287: 3283: 3279: 3278:Fasl al-maqal 3275: 3271: 3267: 3261: 3254: 3248: 3241: 3235: 3228: 3224: 3218: 3211: 3205: 3196: 3189: 3183: 3176: 3170: 3163: 3157: 3150: 3144: 3137: 3131: 3123: 3117: 3098: 3092: 3085: 3084:Continuations 3079: 3072: 3066: 3050: 3044: 3038:at 25-27, 68. 3037: 3031: 3024: 3018: 3011: 3007: 3003: 2999: 2993: 2986: 2982: 2976: 2969: 2963: 2956: 2950: 2943: 2939: 2933: 2926: 2920: 2916: 2906: 2903: 2901: 2898: 2896: 2893: 2891: 2888: 2886: 2883: 2881: 2878: 2876: 2873: 2872: 2866: 2864: 2860: 2856: 2852: 2848: 2835: 2831: 2827: 2823: 2820: 2817: 2813: 2809: 2806: 2803: 2799: 2795: 2792: 2788: 2787:Andrew Hurley 2784: 2780: 2777: 2773: 2769: 2765: 2761: 2758: 2755: 2751: 2748: 2744: 2741: 2737: 2733: 2730: 2726: 2722: 2718: 2714: 2711: 2707: 2703: 2700: 2697: 2693: 2690: 2686: 2683: 2679: 2676: 2672: 2668: 2665: 2662: 2661:Los mudéjares 2658: 2657:Los mozárabes 2654: 2650: 2647: 2644: 2640: 2636: 2632: 2629: 2626: 2622: 2618: 2617: 2614:Continuations 2606: 2602: 2601: 2599: 2595: 2592: 2588: 2585: 2581: 2578: 2575: 2571: 2567: 2566:Rafael Lapesa 2564: 2563: 2554: 2550: 2547: 2543: 2540: 2535: 2532: 2528: 2525: 2522: 2518: 2515: 2511: 2507: 2506:Rafael Lapesa 2504: 2501: 2497: 2494: 2490: 2486: 2483: 2479: 2476: 2473: 2472:East and West 2469: 2466: 2463: 2459: 2456: 2453: 2449: 2446: 2443: 2439: 2436: 2433: 2429: 2426: 2422: 2419: 2416: 2412: 2409: 2406: 2402: 2399: 2396: 2392: 2389: 2386: 2382: 2379: 2375: 2371: 2367: 2364: 2361: 2357: 2354: 2351: 2347: 2343: 2340: 2337: 2333: 2330: 2329: 2313: 2309: 2308: 2306: 2302: 2299: 2295: 2292: 2288: 2287: 2278: 2274: 2270: 2267: 2263: 2259: 2255: 2252: 2248: 2244: 2240: 2237: 2233: 2229: 2225: 2221: 2218: 2214: 2210: 2207: 2203: 2199: 2196: 2192: 2188: 2184: 2180: 2177: 2173: 2169: 2166: 2162: 2158: 2156:(Paris 1924). 2155: 2151: 2147: 2143: 2139: 2135: 2132: 2128: 2127:Thomas Arnold 2124: 2120: 2117: 2113: 2109: 2105: 2102: 2098: 2094: 2091: 2087: 2083: 2080: 2076: 2072: 2069: 2065: 2064: 2060:"Sens du mot 2059: 2056: 2052: 2048: 2044: 2040: 2037: 2033: 2029: 2026: 2022: 2019:teológico de 2018: 2014: 2011: 2007: 2003: 2000: 1996: 1992: 1989: 1985: 1981: 1980: 1971: 1967: 1963: 1959: 1956: 1954:at ix-lxviii. 1953: 1949: 1948: 1944: 1940: 1937: 1934: 1931: 1930: 1926: 1922: 1917: 1916: 1907: 1905: 1900: 1897: 1893: 1889: 1888: 1884: 1879: 1876: 1872: 1868: 1864: 1863: 1859: 1855: 1850: 1847: 1845: 1840: 1837: 1835: 1831: 1828: 1824: 1822: 1818: 1815: 1811: 1809: 1805: 1800: 1797: 1794: 1791: 1789: 1785: 1783:at vii-xxxix. 1782: 1778: 1776: 1772: 1771: 1760: 1759:(1962–1965). 1758: 1754: 1753: 1752:Nostra aetate 1748: 1744: 1734: 1732: 1727: 1723: 1719: 1715: 1713: 1709: 1705: 1701: 1697: 1693: 1685: 1681: 1676: 1667: 1665: 1660: 1657: 1656: 1651: 1645: 1643: 1639: 1635: 1631: 1627: 1623: 1615: 1610: 1601: 1599: 1591: 1588: 1585: 1582: 1579: 1576: 1573: 1570: 1569: 1568: 1566: 1561: 1558: 1557:A. J. Arberry 1553: 1551: 1547: 1543: 1539: 1531: 1526: 1517: 1515: 1506: 1502: 1498: 1494: 1490: 1487: 1484: 1480: 1476: 1472: 1468: 1465: 1462: 1459: 1458: 1453: 1446: 1442: 1438: 1435: 1432: 1431:Blaise Pascal 1429: 1428: 1427: 1422:Blaise Pascal 1420: 1411: 1409: 1405: 1404: 1399: 1395: 1394: 1389: 1385: 1381: 1377: 1372: 1370: 1366: 1362: 1358: 1354: 1350: 1343: 1339: 1337: 1331: 1329: 1326:, Jerusalén, 1325: 1321: 1317: 1313: 1309: 1305: 1300: 1298: 1294: 1290: 1286: 1282: 1278: 1274: 1263: 1258: 1249: 1247: 1243: 1239: 1235: 1231: 1227: 1223: 1219: 1215: 1211: 1207: 1203: 1199: 1198:social equity 1195: 1191: 1187: 1183: 1179: 1175: 1174:school of law 1171: 1170: 1165: 1161: 1158: 1154: 1149: 1147: 1143: 1139: 1135: 1131: 1127: 1123: 1119: 1115: 1111: 1107: 1103: 1099: 1094: 1089: 1087: 1083: 1079: 1075: 1067: 1062: 1058: 1056: 1052: 1048: 1044: 1040: 1030: 1028: 1024: 1020: 1016: 1012: 1011: 1005: 1003: 999: 995: 994: 989: 984: 982: 981: 976: 975: 970: 966: 962: 961: 956: 951: 949: 945: 941: 937: 929: 925: 920: 916: 914: 910: 906: 902: 898: 894: 890: 886: 885:night journey 882: 881: 876: 872: 864: 860: 855: 846: 844: 840: 836: 832: 828: 824: 820: 816: 812: 808: 803: 801: 797: 793: 789: 785: 781: 780:Judah ha-Levi 777: 773: 769: 765: 761: 756: 752: 748: 744: 740: 736: 732: 728: 724: 716: 712: 708: 706: 703: 699: 695: 691: 687: 684: 680: 676: 675: 670: 666: 665:client status 662: 658: 654: 650: 646: 642: 638: 634: 632: 621: 619: 615: 611: 607: 603: 599: 595: 591: 586: 584: 580: 576: 572: 568: 564: 556: 552: 548: 544: 540: 533: 529: 520: 517: 513: 503: 500: 498: 492: 489: 485: 481: 477: 476:San Sebastián 473: 468: 466: 462: 457: 452: 448: 446: 445:Blaise Pascal 442: 438: 434: 430: 426: 422: 418: 414: 410: 407:(Ibn Rushd), 406: 402: 398: 389: 385: 383: 379: 375: 371: 367: 362: 358: 353: 351: 347: 343: 339: 335: 331: 327: 323: 319: 314: 312: 308: 304: 300: 290: 288: 284: 280: 276: 272: 268: 264: 260: 256: 252: 248: 247: 246:Divine Comedy 242: 238: 234: 230: 226: 217: 213: 209: 206: 203: 197: 194: 191: 185: 179: 174: 171: 166: 162: 158: 154: 151: 150:Dámaso Alonso 148: 142: 137: 132: 129: 123: 117: 112: 109: 105: 100: 96: 92: 87: 86:San Sebastián 77: 73: 68: 55: 51: 44: 39: 34: 30: 26: 22: 6823:Manuel Alvar 6769: 6543: 6517: 6443: 6438: 6430: 6426: 6418: 6414: 6410: 6405: 6397: 6392: 6384: 6376: 6371: 6363: 6354: 6346: 6342: 6337: 6325: 6320: 6312: 6307: 6299: 6295: 6291: 6283: 6274: 6265: 6257: 6253: 6245: 6241: 6237: 6229: 6225: 6221: 6213: 6208: 6200: 6196: 6191: 6183: 6179: 6175: 6170: 6162: 6158: 6154: 6149: 6141: 6137: 6133: 6128: 6120: 6115: 6107: 6102: 6094: 6086: 6081: 6073: 6068: 6060: 6056: 6051: 6043: 6038: 6030: 6026: 6021: 6011: 6007: 6002: 5993: 5985: 5981: 5971: 5955: 5947: 5939: 5934: 5926: 5922: 5917: 5900: 5892: 5887: 5878: 5873: 5865: 5861: 5857: 5853: 5849: 5844: 5836: 5832: 5827: 5819: 5798: 5790: 5786: 5781: 5772: 5764: 5759: 5751: 5746: 5738: 5734: 5728: 5724: 5715: 5706: 5698: 5694: 5689: 5681: 5677: 5673: 5669: 5661: 5657: 5653: 5649: 5645: 5641: 5633: 5629: 5620: 5613:T. W. Arnold 5608: 5604: 5599: 5591: 5586: 5578: 5574: 5569: 5561: 5557: 5549: 5543: 5538: 5530: 5526: 5522: 5518: 5513: 5505: 5501: 5497: 5493: 5488: 5480: 5476: 5472: 5467: 5449:Jesus Christ 5409:John Cassian 5368: 5363: 5355: 5350: 5342: 5337: 5329: 5325: 5317: 5313: 5309: 5301: 5296: 5288: 5275: 5263: 5259: 5255: 5251: 5243: 5239: 5234: 5226: 5218: 5217:Asín in his 5213: 5205: 5200: 5192: 5187: 5179: 5175: 5170: 5162: 5157: 5149: 5145: 5141: 5136: 5128: 5124: 5118: 5110: 5106: 5102: 5098: 5094: 5090: 5086: 5081: 5071: 5067: 5065: 5060: 5057:Henry Corbin 5052: 5044: 5040: 5036: 5031: 5022: 5014: 5010: 5006: 5002: 4997: 4989: 4984: 4976: 4971: 4963: 4958: 4950: 4945: 4933: 4929: 4924: 4916: 4912: 4903: 4875: 4870: 4862: 4857: 4849: 4844: 4827: 4819: 4815: 4810: 4802: 4797: 4789: 4785: 4776: 4769:Ibn Taymiyya 4760: 4755: 4747: 4743: 4738: 4725: 4719: 4711: 4707: 4702: 4682: 4677: 4669: 4665: 4661: 4653: 4644: 4636: 4631: 4623: 4610: 4602: 4597: 4589: 4584: 4576: 4567: 4559: 4554: 4546: 4537: 4529: 4520: 4512: 4507: 4499: 4495: 4490: 4482: 4478: 4473: 4465: 4460: 4452: 4447: 4439: 4430: 4422: 4403: 4386: 4378: 4373: 4365: 4357: 4344: 4336: 4331: 4323: 4319: 4314: 4306: 4301: 4292: 4283: 4275: 4270: 4262: 4258: 4253: 4245: 4240: 4232: 4227: 4211: 4210:In Virgil's 4206: 4198: 4193: 4185: 4180: 4172: 4167: 4159: 4154: 4146: 4141: 4133: 4128: 4116: 4111: 4103: 4098: 4086: 4077: 4069: 4066:Sahih Muslim 4056: 4044: 4035: 4027: 4022: 4014: 4009: 4001: 3997: 3976: 3968: 3963: 3955: 3950: 3941: 3933: 3930:orientalists 3929: 3924: 3916: 3907: 3899: 3895: 3891: 3887: 3883: 3880:Henry Corbin 3874: 3866: 3858: 3854: 3849: 3841: 3837: 3832: 3824: 3820: 3812: 3807: 3799: 3795: 3791: 3779: 3774: 3766: 3762: 3754: 3749: 3741: 3736: 3728: 3724: 3719: 3714:at VIII:122. 3711: 3707: 3699: 3694: 3686: 3682: 3674: 3669: 3661: 3655: 3647: 3638: 3630: 3621: 3613: 3609: 3604: 3596: 3583: 3575: 3571: 3563: 3558: 3546: 3541: 3529: 3525: 3521: 3516: 3506: 3498: 3493: 3469: 3464: 3456: 3451: 3443: 3438: 3433: 3425: 3420: 3412: 3407: 3399: 3394: 3386: 3382: 3378: 3374: 3369: 3361: 3356: 3344: 3340: 3336: 3328: 3323: 3315: 3310: 3298: 3293: 3285: 3281: 3277: 3273: 3265: 3260: 3252: 3247: 3239: 3234: 3226: 3222: 3217: 3209: 3204: 3195: 3187: 3182: 3174: 3169: 3161: 3156: 3148: 3143: 3135: 3130: 3116: 3104:. 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Retrieved 3043: 3035: 3030: 3022: 3017: 3009: 3005: 2997: 2992: 2980: 2975: 2967: 2962: 2954: 2949: 2941: 2937: 2932: 2924: 2919: 2862: 2858: 2854: 2850: 2846: 2844: 2829: 2825: 2811: 2797: 2790: 2782: 2763: 2753: 2746: 2735: 2724: 2720: 2716: 2705: 2695: 2688: 2681: 2674: 2670: 2660: 2656: 2652: 2638: 2634: 2620: 2604: 2597: 2590: 2583: 2573: 2552: 2545: 2538: 2530: 2520: 2513: 2509: 2499: 2492: 2488: 2481: 2471: 2461: 2451: 2441: 2438:Louis Gardet 2431: 2424: 2414: 2404: 2394: 2384: 2377: 2373: 2369: 2359: 2350:Opera Minora 2349: 2345: 2335: 2304: 2297: 2290: 2276: 2273:Santa Teresa 2265: 2250: 2242: 2235: 2231: 2216: 2205: 2194: 2190: 2181:"El místico 2178:(1925–1928). 2175: 2164: 2153: 2149: 2145: 2141: 2122: 2115: 2107: 2096: 2089: 2078: 2067: 2062: 2054: 2035: 2024: 2005: 1998: 1987: 1957: 1941: 1935: 1918: 1901: 1895: 1891: 1880: 1874: 1870: 1866: 1851: 1841: 1832: 1819: 1813: 1801: 1795: 1786: 1773: 1755:document of 1750: 1740: 1737:Perspectives 1730: 1725: 1716: 1711: 1703: 1695: 1689: 1661: 1654: 1646: 1621: 1619: 1597: 1595: 1589: 1583: 1577: 1571: 1564: 1562: 1554: 1549: 1545: 1541: 1535: 1510: 1478: 1425: 1401: 1391: 1373: 1368: 1364: 1360: 1356: 1352: 1348: 1345: 1341: 1335: 1332: 1301: 1296: 1284: 1270: 1245: 1238:Fatih Mosque 1213: 1210:legal method 1181: 1167: 1150: 1137: 1133: 1097: 1092: 1090: 1085: 1081: 1073: 1071: 1036: 1018: 1008: 1006: 997: 991: 985: 978: 972: 968: 958: 954: 952: 947: 933: 879: 870: 868: 842: 811:Aristotilean 804: 800:neo-Platonic 795: 787: 767: 720: 683:Umayyad Emir 679:neoplatonism 672: 657:its conquest 629: 627: 613: 587: 574: 560: 550: 509: 501: 493: 469: 455: 453: 449: 393: 378:Alfonso XIII 365: 360: 354: 315: 296: 262: 250: 244: 224: 223: 200:Succeeded by 177: 145:Succeeded by 115: 103: 80:(1944-08-12) 32: 28: 21:Spanish name 6930:1944 deaths 6925:1871 births 6411:Convivencia 6232:, at 183n1. 5944:Bar 'Ebraya 5397:St. Ephraem 5381:monasticism 5146:Ruh al-Quds 4907:Generally: 4861:Cf., Asín, 4833:Zoroastrian 4687:Ibn Khaldun 4681:Ibn Hazm's 4573:troubadours 4396:Maria Corti 4233:The Inferno 4218:enters the 4199:Escatologia 4186:Escatologia 4173:Escatologia 4160:Escatologia 4147:Escatologia 4134:Escatologia 4121:John Ciardi 3784:Ibn Gabirol 3644:R.C.Zaehner 3593:Ibn Gabirol 3375:Abenmasarra 3373:For Asín's 3303:Duns Scotus 3268:(ed. Cairo 2808:Maria Corti 2625:Augustinian 2086:Al-Gazzali" 1966:Abu-l-Abbas 1962:Ibn Masarra 1923:, Turmeda, 1892:Ruh al-Quds 1804:Escatologia 1788:Abenmasarra 1731:convivencia 1546:magnum opus 1485:tendencies; 1475:Ibn Masarra 1467:Ibn al-Arif 1393:Ibn Masarra 1349:four deaths 1130:polytheists 1114:Zarathustra 1091:Ibn Hazm's 1068:at Córdoba. 1053:, and as a 865:, Florence. 831:Roger Bacon 819:Duns Scotus 760:Ibn al-Arif 723:Ibn Masarra 715:Ibn Gabirol 653:Ibn Masarra 631:Abenmasarra 624:Ibn Masarra 610:voluntarism 606:Averroístas 409:Ibn Masarra 328:theologian 188:Preceded by 134: [ 126:Preceded by 63:5 July 1871 6884:Categories 6398:Golden Age 6134:Al Andalus 5923:bona fides 5752:Ibn 'Arabī 5007:Al Andalus 4990:Al Andalus 4896:al-Andaluz 4835:work, the 4691:Muqaddimah 4603:Al Andalus 4394:, in 2000 4246:Purgatorio 4220:underworld 4000:, vol. 2, 3859:Opus majus 3800:Fons Vitae 3767:Fons Vitae 3704:Almoravids 3188:Al-Andalus 3175:Al-Andalus 3162:Al-Andalus 3071:Al-Andalus 3010:Al-Andalus 2955:Al Andalus 2938:jubilación 2925:Al-Andalus 2911:References 2885:Al-Ghazali 2880:Ibn 'Arabi 2863:Al-Andalus 2859:Al-Qantara 2729:Franciscan 2510:Al-Andalus 2500:Al-Masarra 2482:Al-Andalus 2462:Al-Andalus 2415:Al-Andalus 2277:Al-Andalus 2266:Al-Andalus 2262:alumbrados 2251:Al-Andalus 2236:Al-Andalus 2224:Ibn-Al-Sid 2213:marroquies 2206:Al-Andalus 2125:edited by 2017:averroísmo 1947:Alumbrados 1883:Ibn 'Arabi 1823:y el Islam 1757:Vatican II 1655:charismata 1622:Al-Andalus 1538:Al-Ghazali 1530:Al-Ghazali 1520:Al-Ghazali 1489:Ibn Bajjah 1461:Ramon Lull 1455:Ramon Lull 1437:Alumbrados 1408:al-Ghazali 1388:al-Andalus 1312:al-Maghreb 1262:Ibn 'Arabī 1260:Muhyiddin 1252:Ibn 'Arabi 1102:scriptures 1047:theologian 1027:Al-Andalus 980:Purgatorio 942:, and the 940:purgatorio 926:fresco at 857:Statue of 839:Suhrawardi 827:Ramon Lull 823:Ibn 'Arabi 796:Fons Vitae 772:Almoravids 731:al-Andalus 649:Al-Andalus 598:Maimonides 516:Ibn 'Arabi 512:Al-Ghazali 456:Al-Andalus 425:Ramon Lull 421:Al-Andalus 419:(all from 417:Maimonides 401:Ibn 'Arabi 397:Al-Ghazali 283:Al-Andalus 255:al-Ghazali 59:1871-07-05 6093:'s book, 5976:Cardinal 5816:Nicholson 5812:Massignon 5808:MacDonald 5804:Goldziher 5529:.) Asín, 5451:, 260 re 5283:in 1845. 4951:Abenházam 4934:Abenházam 4876:Abenházam 4863:Abenházam 4850:Abenházam 4803:Abenházam 4726:Zoroastro 4624:Abenházam 4616:Goldziher 4590:Abenházam 4545:, in his 4083:Ibn Ishaq 3986:Ibn Rushd 3138:at 34-35. 2987:) at 176. 2172:Abenarabe 2075:Abenhazam 1858:Abenárabi 1834:Abenhazam 1501:Aristotle 1318:, Cairo, 1186:heuristic 1002:Alfonso X 909:afterlife 897:Jerusalem 813:ideas of 794:the book 788:Avicebron 776:Marrakech 641:cosmology 602:talmudist 594:Aristotle 567:Ibn Rushd 543:Ibn Rushd 384:in 1921. 178:In office 116:In office 6360:converso 6186:, at 93. 5413:St. Paul 5343:El Islam 5256:El Islam 5219:El Islam 5206:El Islam 5193:El Islam 5180:El Islam 5163:El Islam 5142:El Islam 5125:El Islam 5095:Tadbirat 4890:was the 4411:Archived 4392:reported 3990:Ibn Sina 3967:Monroe, 3863:Ibn Sina 3679:Algarves 3534:Ibn Hazm 3524:, & 3147:Monroe, 3106:25 April 3082:See the 3021:Monroe, 2998:tertulia 2890:Ibn Hazm 2869:See also 2727:(1966). 2432:Hesperis 2395:Theology 2326:Articles 2258:Sadilies 2247:Avempace 2150:Litteris 2010:Zaragoza 1995:Avempace 1977:Articles 1968:(1931), 1964:(1914), 1943:Sadilies 1640:school ( 1497:Avempace 1493:Zaragoza 1483:quietist 1443:school ( 1403:Sadilies 1351:, i.e., 1304:Averroës 1289:mystical 1279:city of 1246:responsa 1242:Istanbul 1146:Buddhism 1126:atheists 1122:sophists 1118:Brahmans 1066:Mezquita 1039:Ibn Hazm 1033:Ibn Hazm 1023:Castilla 977:and the 944:paradiso 901:prophets 889:Muhammad 751:Plotinus 739:Mutazili 694:Qairawan 674:muwallad 618:Thomists 612:(called 579:Zaragoza 575:Averroës 547:Averroës 413:Ibn Hazm 405:Averroës 370:Arabists 299:Zaragoza 235:, and a 231:and the 67:Zaragoza 33:Palacios 19:In this 6470:at the 6330:Jungian 5986:America 5964:Abraham 5962:son of 5960:Ishmael 5906:Ramadan 5730:tariqah 5678:Fotuhat 5527:Futuhat 5523:Fotuhat 5498:Mawaqui 5456:lexicon 5421:charism 5314:Fotuhat 5254:in his 5252:Fotuhat 5225:in his 5176:Fotuhat 5111:Fotuhat 5103:Mawaqui 5017:at 241. 4892:madhhab 4816:Fihrist 4767:jurist 4765:Hanbali 4706:On the 4635:Monre, 4419:Tuscany 4244:Dante, 4231:Dante, 4115:Dante, 3882:in his 3842:Futuhat 3811:Husik, 3708:muridin 3675:muridin 3478:tariqah 3331:(1991) 3286:Huellas 3151:at 192. 2841:Journal 2374:Arcadia 2336:Algazel 2228:Badajoz 2187:Almeria 2161:Algazel 2063:Tehafot 2047:Algazel 2043:éxtasis 2032:Lulismo 1984:Mohidin 1972:(1933). 1904:Algazel 1854:sufismo 1844:Algazel 1775:Algazel 1712:Nawadir 1708:Algazel 1698:of the 1642:tariqah 1471:Almería 1445:tariqah 1400:of the 1398:tariqah 1297:Fotuhat 1277:Iberian 1234:Gabriel 1190:analogy 1188:use of 1166:of the 1160:caliphs 1157:Umayyad 1110:Judaism 1049:, as a 1043:Córdoba 974:Inferno 936:inferno 905:heavens 768:muridin 764:Almería 727:Córdoba 643:at the 614:asaries 571:Córdoba 478:in the 361:cátedra 330:Ghazali 326:Persian 316:At the 307:Jesuits 106:of the 88:, Spain 69:, Spain 25:surname 6862:(2019) 6854:(2015) 6841:(1998) 6833:(1991) 6825:(1988) 6817:(1987) 6809:(1982) 6801:(1968) 6788:(1947) 6780:(1944) 6772:(1943) 6764:(1940) 6756:(1939) 6748:(1926) 6740:(1913) 6727:(1875) 6719:(1865) 6711:(1862) 6703:(1839) 6695:(1814) 6687:(1814) 6664:(1754) 6656:(1751) 6648:(1746) 6640:(1738) 6632:(1725) 6624:(1713) 6562:(1991) 6554:(1948) 6546:(1919) 6533:(1847) 6230:Miftah 6085:Asín, 6044:Maxims 5814:, and 5652:, and 5573:Asín, 5471:Asín, 5341:Asín, 5191:Asín, 5129:et seq 4975:Asín, 4949:Asín, 4938:Dahirí 4888:Maliki 4884:Dahirí 4874:Asín, 4848:Asín, 4801:Asín, 4742:Asín, 4723:About 4526:Zahiri 4511:Asín, 4500:Akhlaq 4494:Asín, 4477:Asín, 4216:Aeneas 4212:Aeneid 4197:Asín, 4184:Asín, 4171:Asín, 4158:Asín, 4145:Asín, 4132:Asín, 4062:Hadith 4049:Qur'an 4041:Mi'raj 3900:Ishraq 3896:school 3853:Asín, 3778:Asín, 3740:Asín, 3727:", in 3725:Kusari 3698:Asín, 3608:Asín, 3468:Asín, 3424:Asín, 3411:Asín, 3398:Asín, 3006:entrée 2112:Pascal 1925:Pascal 1887:Murcia 1862:Murcia 1704:Tayrid 1700:sadili 1696:Tanwir 1664:Sadili 1638:Sadili 1590:fourth 1578:second 1514:Arabic 1441:Sadili 1324:Medina 1293:sufism 1281:Murcia 1230:Mahoma 1228:(like 1204:, and 1169:Zahiri 1164:jurist 1153:vizier 1128:, and 1051:jurist 965:Virgil 960:Aeneid 938:, the 891:(from 792:Arabic 745:, the 741:, the 737:, the 735:Batini 583:Madrid 443:, and 411:, and 303:Aragón 279:Murcia 267:Sufism 241:Muslim 6516:seat 6244:, or 6184:Ibid. 6142:ibid. 6010:, or 5927:Arbor 5579:Ibid. 5492:Cf., 5453:Greek 5107:Anwar 5087:Tohfa 5015:Ibid. 4964:Fisal 4880:Xafeí 4780:Cf., 4695:Shi'a 4683:Fisal 4662:Fisal 4434:Cf., 4259:Dante 4028:Dante 3911:Cf., 3712:Ibid. 3683:rabat 3642:Cf., 3474:faqih 3100:(PDF) 3055:7 May 2560:Books 2425:Arbor 2372:" in 2275:" in 2264:" in 2249:" in 2234:" in 2230:y su 2215:" in 2204:" in 2193:" in 2189:y su 2174:" in 2163:" in 2114:" in 2101:Latin 2077:" in 2053:" in 2023:" in 1997:" in 1986:" in 1821:Dante 1768:Books 1682:, by 1650:night 1630:Ronda 1584:third 1572:first 1414:Varia 1365:green 1361:black 1353:white 1328:Alepo 1320:Conia 1316:Mosul 1308:Jádir 1226:María 1222:Sarah 1214:Fisal 1182:Ibtal 1138:Fisal 1134:Fisal 1098:Fisal 1093:Fisal 1082:Fisal 893:Mecca 861:, at 743:Shi'a 698:Mecca 669:mawla 506:Works 488:Latin 259:Latin 138:] 102:Seat 6450:and 5910:Lent 5908:and 5850:Ihya 5719:Cf. 5682:Ilya 5099:Cunh 4620:Dozy 4039:The 3673:One 3270:A.H. 3108:2011 3057:2020 2845:The 2826:Qalb 2770:and 2655:, I 2568:and 2442:Ibla 2241:"La 2129:and 2108:Pari 2030:"El 2015:"El 1598:Ihya 1565:Ihya 1479:arif 1218:Imam 1178:fiqh 1104:and 1055:poet 913:fate 747:Sufi 696:and 639:and 514:and 470:The 336:and 311:Mass 293:Life 75:Died 53:Born 29:Asín 6132:In 5864:or 5856:or 5477:Amr 5308:as 5091:Amr 4390:As 4043:or 3570:as 3333:GER 2789:as 2245:de 2226:de 2185:de 2110:de 2088:in 1885:de 1860:de 1802:La 1644:). 1357:red 1240:in 1041:of 946:of 895:to 887:of 725:of 569:of 553:by 27:is 6886:: 6425:, 6290:, 5980:, 5810:, 5806:, 5556:, 4911:, 4784:, 4618:, 4438:, 3996:, 3915:, 3865:. 3646:, 3629:, 2810:, 2762:, 2704:, 2669:, 2651:, 2633:, 2582:, 2572:, 2260:y 2049:y 1945:y 1927:, 1632:, 1552:. 1447:). 1322:, 1299:. 1200:, 1196:, 1192:, 1180:, 1124:, 1120:, 1116:, 1112:, 1088:. 1057:. 1029:. 915:. 659:, 585:. 467:. 447:. 439:, 435:, 431:, 427:, 403:, 399:, 301:, 289:. 275:Sp 136:es 6601:e 6594:t 6587:v 6518:d 6505:e 6498:t 6491:v 6454:. 6016:. 5966:. 5912:. 5483:. 5462:. 5131:. 5063:: 4898:. 4502:. 4265:. 4123:. 4091:" 3553:. 3536:. 3488:. 3351:. 3280:( 3110:. 3059:. 2836:. 2818:. 2804:. 2778:. 2766:( 2742:. 2731:. 2712:. 2645:. 2627:. 2256:" 2222:" 1982:" 1810:" 1686:. 1616:. 1507:. 930:. 557:. 545:( 273:( 257:( 104:d 61:) 57:( 35:.

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