29:
428:
171:
767:"Sketch Of The Life, Personal Appearance, Character And Manners Of Charles S. Stratton, The Man In Miniature, Known As General Tom Thumb, And His Wife, Lavinia Warren Stratton; Including The History Of Their Courtship And Marriage, With Some Account Of Remarkable Dwarfs, Giants, & Other Human Phenomena, Of Ancient And Modern Times, And Songs Given At Their Public Levees"
200:
in society. In the early 19th century, midgets were romanticized by the middle class and regarded with the same affectionate condescension extended to children, as creatures of innocence. The term "midget" came into prominence in the mid-19th century after
271:
stated that they did not view the term as derogatory but merely descriptive of their small size. Others disagreed, with one stating that the performances themselves perpetuated an outdated and demeaning image.
1031:
243:
930:
235:. "Midget" became linked to referring to short people put on public display for curiosity and sport. Barnum's midgets reached position of
192:
states that the first use of the term "midget" was in 1816. Midgets have always been popular entertainers but were often regarded with
843:
76:
long described anyone, or indeed any animal, exhibiting proportionate dwarfism. The word has a history of association with the
552:
sometimes offensive: a very small person; specifically: a person of unusually small size who is physically well-proportioned.
286:
There have been movements to remove the use of the word "midget" from age classification categories in youth sports, with
956:
828:
155:
99:
The term may also refer to anything of much smaller than normal size, as a synonym for "miniature" or "mini", such as
995:
882:
792:
726:
662:
622:
595:
517:
127:
airplane; or to anything that regularly uses anything that is smaller than normal (other than a person), such as
484:
300:
247:
256:
764:
399:
251:
771:, Press of Wynkoop & Hallenbeck, New York (Robert Bogdan Collection), The Disability History Museum.
694:
565:
1021:
174:
290:
announcing that it would refer to the division as "U18" in 2020 as part of a wider renaming scheme.
242:
Such performances continued to be widespread through the middle part of the twentieth century, with
472:
142:; or to anything designed for very young (i.e., small) participants—in many cases children—such as
917:
239:, given fantasy military titles, introduced to dignitaries and royalty, and showered with gifts.
151:
20:
89:
985:
872:
782:
716:
654:
507:
476:
464:
453:. College of Education and Human Development Urban Education Conference. Jackson, Mississippi.
1026:
612:
202:
132:
820:
236:
420:
Miller, P. S. (1987). "Coming up short: Employment discrimination against little people".
280:
162:, have committed to removing the word, recognizing that it might be considered offensive.
8:
321:
261:
108:
57:
32:
28:
748:
991:
878:
824:
788:
722:
658:
647:
618:
591:
513:
480:
220:
128:
542:
357:
347:
268:
112:
104:
509:
Everybody
Belongs: Changing Negative Attitudes Toward Classmates With Disabilities
987:
The Lives Of Dwarfs: Their
Journey From Public Curiosity Toward Social Liberation
189:
120:
77:
228:
224:
211:
147:
138:"Midget" may also refer to a smaller version of play or participation, such as
124:
69:
450:
Individuals with
Disabilities Are People, First--Intervene and They Will Learn
197:
1015:
327:
305:
287:
275:
Towards the end of the 20th century, the word became considered by some as a
159:
49:
170:
337:
260:, which featured 124 little people in its cast, most of whom were from the
216:
784:
Vaudeville Old & New: An
Encyclopedia of Variety Performers in America
394:
310:
182:
139:
100:
906:
649:
With
Amusement for All: a history of American popular culture since 1830
342:
315:
276:
219:
indirectly helped popularize the term "midget" when he began featuring
215:
where she described children and an extremely short man, respectively.
143:
93:
53:
931:"Growing movement seeks to remove 'midget' from Alta. sports leagues"
178:
116:
491:
1. An extremely small person who is otherwise normally proportioned.
332:
81:
65:
448:
279:
term when referring to people with dwarfism. Some, such as actor
193:
35:
toured the US from 1910 to 1935 and were "enormously successful".
749:
Charles
Sherwood Stratton (AKA General Tom Thumb) and His Circle
232:
85:
44:
19:
This article is about the term "midget". For other uses, see
48:, a tiny biting insect) is a term for a person of unusually
246:
brought from their performances in Paris to appear at the
68:, a medical condition with a number of causes, most often
352:
267:
When interviewed for a 1999 piece, performers engaged in
376:
374:
718:
Freakery: Cultural
Spectacles of the Extraordinary Body
874:
871:
Ross, Susan Dente; Lester, Paul Martin (2011-04-19).
371:
852:
447:
Gentry, Ruben; Wiggins, Ruby (15–16 November 2010).
957:"Hockey Canada makes name changes to age divisions"
688:
686:
684:
653:. Lexington: University of Kentucky Press. p.
614:
The
Baffled Parent's Guide to Coaching Youth Hockey
646:
604:
1013:
681:
471:(2nd expanded ed.). Boston & New York:
753:Jack & Beverly's Images of Special Subjects
864:
819:(75th Anniversary Updated ed.). Chicago:
1032:Pejorative terms for people with disabilities
610:
501:
499:
446:
904:
611:Driver, Bruce; Wharton, Clare (2004-10-20).
16:Term for a person of unusually short stature
708:
870:
774:
617:. McGraw Hill Professional. pp. 15–.
496:
283:continued to self-identify as "midgets".
695:"P.O.V. - Big Enough. What is Dwarfism?"
538:
536:
169:
27:
983:
858:
814:
714:
563:
505:
434:
380:
1014:
954:
780:
469:Webster's II New Collegiate Dictionary
419:
644:
533:
787:. Psychology Press. pp. 507–.
715:Thomson, Rosemarie Garland (1996).
692:
512:. Psychology Press. pp. 284–.
84:were often employed by acts in the
13:
590:. World Book. 2003. p. 1315.
392:
158:. Some sports organizations, like
56:due to its etymology. While not a
14:
1043:
506:Shapiro, Arthur H. (2000-09-01).
52:that is considered by some to be
948:
923:
898:
837:
808:
758:
742:
638:
579:
207:Sunny Memories of Foreign Lands
846:The Making of the Wizard of Oz
817:The Making of the Wizard of Oz
557:
457:
440:
413:
386:
301:List of dwarfism organisations
1:
977:
697:. Public Broadcasting Service
990:. Rutgers University Press.
955:Barrow, Tyler (2019-11-19).
721:. NYU Press. pp. 191–.
645:Ashby, LeRoy (12 May 2006).
7:
905:Mark Evanier (2001-01-19).
877:. ABC-CLIO. pp. 285–.
564:Kennedy, Dan (2005-05-23).
400:Online Etymology Dictionary
293:
10:
1048:
984:Adelson, Betty M. (2005).
544:Merriam-Webster Dictionary
248:1939 New York World's Fair
165:
18:
588:The World Book Dictionary
175:Charles Sherwood Stratton
915:originally published in
815:Harmetz, Aljean (2013).
473:Houghton Mifflin Company
364:
262:Singer's Midgets troupe
21:Midget (disambiguation)
844:GoogleBooks Image for
781:Cullen, Frank (2004).
568:. American Documentary
205:used it in her novels
186:
90:professional wrestling
36:
250:, the same year that
203:Harriet Beecher Stowe
173:
133:quarter midget racing
31:
918:Comics Buyer's Guide
907:"Victor & Billy"
821:Chicago Review Press
181:" circa 1861 (under
566:"What is Dwarfism?"
322:Midgets vs. Mascots
109:midget flowerpecker
64:(for a person with
187:
37:
393:Harper, Douglas.
281:Hervé Villechaize
221:General Tom Thumb
129:midget car racing
1039:
1022:Growth disorders
1008:
1006:
1004:
971:
970:
968:
967:
961:CTV News Calgary
952:
946:
945:
943:
942:
927:
921:
914:
902:
896:
895:
893:
891:
868:
862:
856:
850:
841:
835:
834:
812:
806:
805:
803:
801:
778:
772:
762:
756:
755:, December 2005.
746:
740:
739:
737:
735:
712:
706:
705:
703:
702:
690:
679:
678:
673:
671:
652:
642:
636:
635:
633:
631:
608:
602:
601:
583:
577:
576:
574:
573:
561:
555:
540:
531:
530:
528:
526:
503:
494:
493:
475:. 1999. p.
461:
455:
454:
444:
438:
432:
426:
425:
422:Harv. CR-CLL Rev
417:
411:
410:
408:
407:
390:
384:
378:
316:Singer's Midgets
269:midget wrestling
257:The Wizard of Oz
244:Hermines Midgets
113:midget submarine
105:midget crabapple
78:performance arts
33:Singer's Midgets
1047:
1046:
1042:
1041:
1040:
1038:
1037:
1036:
1012:
1011:
1002:
1000:
998:
980:
975:
974:
965:
963:
953:
949:
940:
938:
929:
928:
924:
903:
899:
889:
887:
885:
869:
865:
857:
853:
842:
838:
831:
823:. p. 193.
813:
809:
799:
797:
795:
779:
775:
763:
759:
747:
743:
733:
731:
729:
713:
709:
700:
698:
691:
682:
676:commodore nutt.
669:
667:
665:
643:
639:
629:
627:
625:
609:
605:
598:
585:
584:
580:
571:
569:
562:
558:
541:
534:
524:
522:
520:
504:
497:
487:
463:
462:
458:
445:
441:
433:
429:
418:
414:
405:
403:
391:
387:
379:
372:
367:
362:
296:
190:Merriam-Webster
168:
156:midget football
121:Daihatsu Midget
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1045:
1035:
1034:
1029:
1024:
1010:
1009:
996:
979:
976:
973:
972:
947:
922:
897:
883:
863:
851:
836:
830:978-1613748329
829:
807:
793:
773:
757:
741:
727:
707:
693:Kennedy, Dan.
680:
663:
637:
623:
603:
596:
578:
556:
532:
518:
495:
485:
456:
439:
427:
412:
385:
383:, p. 295.
369:
368:
366:
363:
361:
360:
355:
350:
345:
340:
335:
330:
325:
318:
313:
308:
303:
297:
295:
292:
229:Commodore Nutt
225:Lavinia Warren
212:Old Town Folks
167:
164:
148:Midget Autopia
125:Midget Mustang
70:achondroplasia
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1044:
1033:
1030:
1028:
1025:
1023:
1020:
1019:
1017:
999:
997:9780813535487
993:
989:
988:
982:
981:
962:
958:
951:
936:
932:
926:
920:
919:
912:
908:
901:
886:
884:9780313378928
880:
876:
875:
867:
860:
855:
849:
847:
840:
832:
826:
822:
818:
811:
796:
794:9780415938532
790:
786:
785:
777:
770:
769:1863 pamphlet
768:
761:
754:
750:
745:
730:
728:9780814782224
724:
720:
719:
711:
696:
689:
687:
685:
677:
666:
664:9780813123974
660:
656:
651:
650:
641:
626:
624:9780071430111
620:
616:
615:
607:
599:
597:9780716602996
593:
589:
582:
567:
560:
554:
553:
549:
545:
539:
537:
521:
519:9780815339601
515:
511:
510:
502:
500:
492:
488:
482:
478:
474:
470:
466:
460:
452:
451:
443:
437:, p. ??.
436:
431:
423:
416:
402:
401:
396:
389:
382:
377:
375:
370:
359:
358:Santa's elves
356:
354:
351:
349:
346:
344:
341:
339:
336:
334:
331:
329:
328:Pygmy peoples
326:
324:
323:
319:
317:
314:
312:
309:
307:
306:Dwarf-tossing
304:
302:
299:
298:
291:
289:
288:Hockey Canada
284:
282:
278:
273:
270:
265:
263:
259:
258:
253:
249:
245:
240:
238:
234:
230:
226:
222:
218:
214:
213:
208:
204:
199:
195:
191:
184:
180:
176:
172:
163:
161:
160:Hockey Canada
157:
153:
152:midget hockey
149:
145:
141:
136:
134:
130:
126:
122:
118:
114:
110:
106:
102:
97:
95:
91:
87:
83:
82:little people
79:
75:
71:
67:
63:
59:
55:
51:
50:short stature
47:
46:
41:
34:
30:
26:
22:
1027:Human height
1001:. Retrieved
986:
964:. Retrieved
960:
950:
939:. Retrieved
937:. 2018-12-11
934:
925:
916:
911:News From Me
910:
900:
888:. Retrieved
873:
866:
861:, p. 6.
859:Adelson 2005
854:
845:
839:
816:
810:
798:. Retrieved
783:
776:
766:
760:
752:
744:
732:. Retrieved
717:
710:
699:. Retrieved
675:
668:. Retrieved
648:
640:
628:. Retrieved
613:
606:
587:
586:""midget"".
581:
570:. Retrieved
559:
551:
547:
543:
523:. Retrieved
508:
490:
468:
459:
449:
442:
435:Adelson 2005
430:
421:
415:
404:. Retrieved
398:
388:
381:Adelson 2005
338:Oompa Loompa
320:
285:
274:
266:
255:
241:
237:high society
217:P. T. Barnum
210:
206:
188:
177:as "General
137:
98:
73:
61:
58:medical term
43:
39:
38:
25:
890:14 December
311:Midgetville
183:P.T. Barnum
140:midget golf
101:midget cell
1016:Categories
1003:8 December
978:References
966:2020-01-09
941:2020-01-09
800:8 December
734:8 December
701:2008-11-18
670:18 January
630:15 January
572:2008-10-11
546:Entry for
525:8 December
486:0395962145
406:2008-04-03
343:Leprechaun
277:pejorative
144:Disneyland
123:, and the
94:vaudeville
54:pejorative
765:Exhibit:
254:released
198:revulsion
179:Tom Thumb
117:MG Midget
935:CTV News
848:Page 193
465:"midget"
395:"midget"
333:Munchkin
294:See also
66:dwarfism
231:in his
194:disgust
166:History
994:
881:
827:
791:
725:
661:
621:
594:
548:midget
516:
483:
233:circus
154:, and
86:circus
74:midget
42:(from
40:Midget
365:Notes
348:Dwarf
80:, as
62:dwarf
60:like
45:midge
1005:2012
992:ISBN
892:2012
879:ISBN
825:ISBN
802:2012
789:ISBN
736:2012
723:ISBN
672:2018
659:ISBN
632:2013
619:ISBN
592:ISBN
527:2012
514:ISBN
481:ISBN
227:and
209:and
196:and
131:and
92:and
655:597
477:693
353:Elf
252:MGM
146:'s
72:),
1018::
959:.
933:.
909:.
751:,
683:^
674:.
657:.
550::
535:^
498:^
489:.
479:.
467:.
397:.
373:^
264:.
223:,
150:,
135:.
119:,
115:,
111:,
107:,
103:,
96:.
88:,
1007:.
969:.
944:.
913:.
894:.
833:.
804:.
738:.
704:.
634:.
600:.
575:.
529:.
424:.
409:.
185:)
23:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
