Merthyr Tydfil - Knowledge

1768:, a distance of 9.75 miles (15.69 km). Amid great public interest, on 21 February 1804 it successfully carried 11.24 tons of coal, five wagons and 70 men over the full distance in 4 hours and 5 minutes, at an average speed of 2.4 mph (3.9 km/h). As well as Homfray, Crawshay, and the passengers, other witnesses included Mr Giddy, a respected patron of Trevithick, and an "engineer from the Government". The latter was probably a safety inspector, who would have been particularly interested in the boiler's ability to withstand high steam pressures. This allowed others to develop Trevithick's ideas; some claim the modern railway system was born in Merthyr Tydfil. In modern Merthyr, behind the monument to Trevithick's locomotive, is a stone wall, the sole remainder of the former boundary wall of Penydarren House. There is a full-scale working replica of Trevithick's 1804 steam-powered railway locomotive in the 79: 88: 1066: 1008: 115: 1381: 5189: 2653: 1867: 862: 791: 68: 1502: 1646: 122: 992:, was hanged for stabbing a soldier in the leg, becoming known as the first local working-class martyr. It was claimed in 1876 that it was not Lewis who stabbed Black, but another man, Ianto Parker, who fled to America after the incident to avoid prosecution. Such claims have never been fully verified, although Lewis's innocence is widely accepted in Merthyr. 1434:. Despite the generally small congregations of Anglican churches, St John's thrived: it held two services in English each Sunday and also two in Welsh. This church was significant in the plan to counterbalance nonconformity in Merthyr. In 2019 the church was converted into residential flats which retain the original structure. 1810:

within the Borough, increasing connectivity and accessibility to the wider region. New overhead lines will also be installed to the Merthyr tracks, powering new tram-trains. These will reduce journey times between Merthyr Tydfil and Cardiff city centre and allow TfW to increase the frequency of services to four every hour.

1590:. From 2011 to 2014, the town held a Merthyr Rock Festival at Cyfarthfa Park. To complement this, the town holds the Merthyr Rising each year – a three-day celebration of town history through local music, held on the site of the Rising itself in Penderyn Square at the junction of Castle Street and High Street. 1492:

In 1978 the building was given Grade II* listing, changed to Grade II in 1983. In the 1980s the 120-year-old synagogue was sold and became a Christian Centre, then a gym. In 2009 permission was obtained to turn it into flats. In 2019 it was bought by the Foundation for Jewish Heritage, which plans to

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More recent commentary cites a growth in desirability due to various renovation projects and an increasing tourism sector. In 2021 Merthyr Tydfil local authority area had a 27.9% house price increase over the 12 months of the year, the highest of any of the 22 local authority areas in Wales. The area

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After Robert's death in 1879 his son William Thompson Crawshay took over the Cyfarthfa works. William finally modernised the works, introducing steel production. However it took until 1882 to get the works back up and running. It never fully caught up with other steel-making areas and closed again in

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2014. The town's several choirs – Dowlais Male Voice Choir, Ynysowen Male Voice Choir, Treharris Male Voice Choir, Merthyr Tydfil Ladies Choir, Con Voce, Cantorion Cyfarthfa, St David's Church Choir, St David's Choral Scholars, Merthyr Aloud and Tenovus – perform locally and abroad and in the media.

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Griffith's funeral was said to have been attended by 12,000–15,000 people. "I venture to declare," wrote one correspondent, "no man in this part of the kingdom could be more popular in his day and generation than the Rev. John Griffith." Among the nonconformist ministers present was an old rival, Dr

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network. A new railway station will be built by 2024 as part of the South Wales Metro upgrades to the area. The provision of a new gateway railway station building at Merthyr Tydfil is a key strategic aspiration of the new emerging Town Centre Masterplan, providing a significant regeneration impact

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Cyfarthfa Castle, a castellated mansion built for the Ironmasters of Cyfarthfa, is now a museum and art shop, attracting almost 7 million day visits in a year. Further plans report a 50 million renovation planned of the Castle and its surrounding areas, including rescuing the 200-year-old Cyfarthfa

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During the first few decades of the 19th century, the ironworks at Cyfarthfa (and neighbouring Dowlais) continued to expand, and at their height were the most productive ironworks in the world: 50,000 tons of rails left just one ironworks in 1844, for the railways across Russia to Siberia. With the

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The population of Merthyr reached 51,949 in 1861, but then went into decline for several years. As the 19th century progressed, Merthyr's inland location became increasingly disadvantageous for iron production. Penydarren closed in 1859 and Plymouth in 1880; thereafter some ironworkers migrated to

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came a sharp decline in young men working in agriculture, who were attracted by higher wages paid in industries such as iron. In 1829, the depression hit Merthyr hard, as ironmasters responded with dismissals, wage cuts and short-term working. Any sudden downturn in the market plunged workers into

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in Swansea. The tramway passed through what is arguably the oldest railway tunnel in the world, part of which can be seen alongside Pentrebach Road at the lower end of the town. The demand for iron was also fuelled by the Royal Navy, which needed cannon for its ships, and later by the railways. In

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later become the Dowlais Iron Company and also the first major works in the area. Following the success at Dowlais, Guest took a lease from the Earl of Plymouth which he used to build the Plymouth Ironworks. However, this was less of a success until the arrival in 1763 of a "Cumberland ironmaster,

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Hoover and other companies targeted Merthyr, and its declining coal and iron industries gave space for new businesses to start up there and grow. There were then increasing numbers of unemployed workers in the area, and since the Second World War this has included women too. "Initially 350 people

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wrote that the town was filled with such "unguided, hard-worked, fierce, and miserable-looking sons of Adam I never saw before. Ah me! It is like a vision of Hell, and will never leave me, that of these poor creatures broiling, all in sweat and dirt, amid their furnaces, pits, and rolling mills."

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series ranked Merthyr Tydfil as the United Kingdom's third-worst place to live. In the 2007 edition of the same series, Merthyr had improved to fifth-worst. However complaints about the show led to an investigation by regulator Ofcom, which noted the programme had been guilty of "unfortunate and

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Starting in the late 1740s, land within the Merthyr district was gradually being leased for the smelting of iron to meet the growing demand, with the expansion of smaller furnaces dotted around South Wales. By 1759, with the management of John Guest, the Dowlais Ironworks was founded. This would

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There were at least 1,500 people living in the slum, the inhabitants of which were the poorest of society and had a bad reputation. Their living conditions were some of the most squalid in Britain. The slum was based around narrow streets, badly ventilated and full of crowded houses that led to

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eventually prevailed. In time, relative peace was established, and the Penydarren fortress was abandoned by about 120 CE. This was bad for the local economy, which had come to rely upon supplying the fortress with beef and grain, and imported items such as oysters from the coast. The Romans had

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Merthyr Tydfil Heritage Regeneration Trust aims to preserve for the benefit of the residents... and the Nation at large whatever of the Historical, Architectural and Constructional Heritage may exist in and around Merthyr Tydfil in the form of buildings and artefacts of particular beauty or of

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The strong growth of employment of women in Merthyr after the Second World War can be seen as a result of the introduction of more light manufacturing and consumer-based business – a stark contrast to the heavy industry in the coal and ironworks which had an almost entirely male workforce.

835:, who leased an area of eight miles by five for £100 a year on which he started the Cyfarthfa Ironworks and also bought the Plymouth Works". After the death of Anthony Bacon in 1786, the ownership of the works passed to Bacon's sons, and was divided between Richard Hill, their manager and 481:

Noted for its industrial past, Merthyr was known as the 'Iron Capital of the World' in the early 19th century, due to the scale of its iron production. The world's first steam-powered railway journey happened in Merthyr in 1804, travelling 9 mi (14 km) from the ironworks at

975:. Some workers were paid in specially minted coins or credit notes known as "truck", which could be spent only at shops owned by their employers. Many workers objected to the price and quality of goods sold there. Throughout May 1831, the coal miners and others who worked for 888:. They often shared routes to allow access to coal mines and ironworks through rugged country, which presented great engineering challenges. According to David Williams, in 1804, the world's first railway steam locomotive, "The Iron Horse", developed by the Cornish engineer 1124:

Several other companies built factories, including the aviation components company Teddington Aircraft Controls, which opened in 1946 and closed in the early 1970s. The Merthyr Tydfil Institute for the Blind, founded in 1923, is the oldest active manufacturer in the town.

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Bikepark Wales, the UK's first purpose-built mountain biking centre, is located at Gethin Woods, Merthyr Tydfil. Spread across 1200 acres, Bike Park Wales is the UK’s premier mountain bike park and has its most diverse selection of all-weather mountain bike trails.

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were unemployed; 27,000 people emigrated from Merthyr in the 1920s and 1930s, and a Royal Commission recommended that the town's county borough status be withdrawn. The fortunes of Merthyr revived temporarily during World War II, as war industry reached the area.

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clashed with the rioters, and several on both sides were killed. Despite the hope of negotiating with the owners, the skilled workers lost control of the movement. Several supposed leaders of the riots were arrested. One of them, Richard Lewis, popularly known as

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The four-storey, Grade-II listed YMCA building, also with terracotta-faced structure, is undergoing an 8.6million refurbishment. Originally created by leading Welsh architect Sir Percy Thomas in 1911, it is planned to be a hub for economic and social activity.

929:' in the modern sense, and its residents were mainly English, Irish and Welsh. The inhabitants of China were seen as a separate class, away from the respectable areas of Merthyr, and were clearly recognisable by their lifestyle and appearance. In his article, 1240:

Merthyr Tydfil Town Hall has been given a new lease of life as an arts and creative industries centre. The Grade-II listed terracotta building, opening originally in 1896 having taken 35 years to build, has had an 8 million refurbishment finishing in 2014.

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of England, but by 1093 they occupied only the lowlands; the uplands remained in the hands of the local Welsh rulers. There were conflicts between the barons and the families descended from the Welsh princes, and control of the land passed to and fro in the

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Merthyr was close to reserves of iron ore, coal, limestone, timber and water, making it an ideal site for ironworks. Small-scale iron working and coal mining had been carried out at some places in South Wales since the Tudor period, but in the wake of the

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Merthyr Tydfil had the largest Jewish community in Wales in the 19th century, reaching 400 at its height. As the Jewish population had increased, Merthyr Hebrew Congregation was founded in 1848 and a cemetery consecrated a few years later at Cefn-Coed.

1407:. His views became more tempered over time. Griffith's move to Merthyr Tydfil saw him take over a much larger and more established parish than Aberdare. He became less than popular with the church authorities, however, as a result of his support for 506:

of Merthyr in 1870, when he took iron working to the area. Iron production declined in Merthyr from 1860 on, though Merthyr's population continued to rise due to the emergence of coal mining in the area, peaking with around 81,000 people in 1911.

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were withdrawn about 380 CE. By 402, the Roman army in Britain consisted mostly of Germanic troops and local recruits; the cream of the army had been withdrawn to the continent of Europe. Sometime in that period, Irish Dalriadans (Scots) and

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is located in Swan Street, to the south of the town centre. The station opened in June 2021, replacing a previous one in Castle Street. The new bus station is closer to the railway station, to facilitate interchange as part of a proposed

773:, but it did not survive beyond the early 1640s at the latest. In 1754, it was recorded that the valley was almost entirely populated by shepherds. Farm produce was traded at a number of markets and fairs, notably the Waun Fair above 1940:. After going into liquidation in 2010, the club dropped down three divisions, reverted to the name of Merthyr Town and made Rhiw Dda'r its new home ground. After promotion the club moved back to Penydarren Park in July 2011. 2507:

once visited Merthyr Tydfil, and used the line "and my heart is black and heavy, it is slags of Merthyr Tydfil" as an image to convey feelings of abandonment and sadness in her song "You Don't Need", from the 1984 album,

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at the Penydarren Ironworks. With the assistance of works engineer Rees Jones, Trevithick mounted the engine on wheels and turned it into a locomotive. In 1803, Trevithick sold the patents for his locomotives to Homfray.

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Parkwood Outdoors Dolygaer is an outdoor activity centre that was opened in 2015 on the site of an earlier centre run by the local education authority. Pursuits include canoeing and stand-up paddleboarding on the

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religion was introduced throughout much of Wales by the Romans, but locally it may have been introduced later by monks from Ireland and France, who made their way into the region following rivers and valleys.

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and Theatr Soar, which run a programme of performance events and activities in both Welsh and English, together with a cafe and a bookshop specialising in local interest and Welsh language books and CDs.

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Between 7,000 and 10,000 workers marched, and for four days magistrates and ironmasters were under siege in the Castle Hotel, with the protesters effectively controlling the town. Soldiers called in from

2654: 3536: 494:. The 1851 census found Wales to be the world's first industrialised nation, as more people were employed in industry than agriculture, with Merthyr the biggest town in Wales at that time. The city of 1147:

treatment in Merthyr Tydfil, researchers discovered that the new drug had erection-stimulating side effects for some of the healthy volunteers in the trial study. This discovery formed the basis for

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were employed, by the mid 1970s that number had risen to near 5,000; making Hoover the largest employer in the borough", and therefore strongly filling in for the declining coal and iron industries.

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The Church of England (now the Church in Wales) sought to counterbalance the influence of nonconformity in the 19th century and Merthyr had a succession of notable parish priests. Among them was

1132:, an opulent mock castle, is now a museum. It houses a number of paintings of the town, a large collection of artefacts from the town's Industrial Revolution period, and a notable collection of 648:. During the 4th and 5th centuries the coasts of Cambria (Wales) had been subject to the raids of Irish pirates, in much the same way as the south and east coasts of Britain had been raided by 5417: 724:

translates to "martyr" in English, and tradition holds that when the town was founded, the name was chosen in her honour. A church was eventually built on the traditional site of her burial.

1109:, a few miles south of the town. The factory was purpose-built to manufacture the Hoover Electric Washing Machine, and at one point Hoover was the largest employer in the borough. Later the 514:, the world’s fastest seated zip line, the UK's largest mountain bike park, the largest indoor climbing wall in Wales, national cycle routes and plans for the UK's longest indoor ski slope. 4604: 803:

the demand for iron led to the rapid expansion of Merthyr's iron operations. By the peak of the revolution, the districts of Merthyr housed four of the greatest ironworks in the world:

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Merthyr Tydfil Museum and Heritage Groups aspire "to advance the education of the public by the promotion, support and improvement of the Heritage of Merthyr Tydfil and its Museums."

1058:("The Iron King") can be seen as the main reasons for its downfall. The Crawshays refused to modernise by replacing iron production with steel production, using the newly discovered 2814: 1524:

Merthyr Tudful (the Merthyr Tydfil Welsh Language Initiative) has successfully transformed the Zoar Chapel and adjacent vestry building in Pontmorlais into a community arts venue,

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growing industry in Merthyr, several railway companies established routes linking the works with ports and other parts of Britain. They included the Brecon and Merthyr Railway,

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In September 2021, Merthyr Tydfil County Borough Council announced a bid to apply for city status, to be coordinated by urban economic and social researcher Dr Jane Croad.

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Merthyr Tydfil Housing Association, in partnership with Canolfan Soar, has raised funds to turn the Pontmorlais area into a cultural quarter. With references to the 1831

5405: 933:, historian Keith Strange compares China to areas of Liverpool, Nottingham and Derby, and states that this area was just as bad if not worse than those "little Sodoms". 1729: 1682: 5235: 3782: 1195:

in 1987. Merthyr has 3 Welsh medium primary schools, with the third opening in 2022. There are also calls for a Welsh medium secondary school to be built in Merthyr.

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In the 1870s the advent of coal mining to the south of the town gave renewed impetus to the local economy and population growth. New mining communities developed at

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Merthyr Tydfil Historical Society sets out "to advance the education of the public by promoting the study of the local history and architecture of Merthyr Tydfil".

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Founded on heavy industry, Merthyr became the ‘Iron Capital of the World’ and Wales largest town the early 19th century. However despite Merthyr's long and varied

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The population given as 38,000 is for the parishes round the town centre: the population of the County Borough at the 2011 census was 58,800 and in 2014 59,500.

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and ironworks, Merthyr could not offer the employment it had previously. This led to marked economic challenges for the area, particularly in the 20th century.

900:. He also claims that this was the "first 'railway' and the work of George Stephenson was merely an improvement upon it". A replica of this locomotive is in the 3540: 306: 1411:. In July 1883 he stated "I have been for years convinced that nothing but Disestablishment, the separation of the Church from the State, can ever reform the 5372: 1449:, which dated from 1749. It was demolished in 1967 as part of the Merthyr Town Improvement Scheme. The original cause at Ynysgau was established by various " 4784: 3390: 5619: 5437: 3615: 3448: 1853:

in the town and remained a major employer until it transferred production abroad in March 2009, with a loss of 337 jobs from the closure of its factory.

1177:, 68.4 per cent of the 110,569 inhabitants habitually spoke Welsh. By the 1911 Census, the figure had fallen to 50.9 per cent of 74,596 inhabitants. The 5470: 3676: 5669: 5382: 4010: 3976: 332: 290: 5664: 5377: 2691: 1442:

Merthyr was notable in the 19th and early 20th centuries for a large number of nonconformist places of worship, most holding services in Welsh.

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festering diseases. China became known as "Little Hell" and was notorious for having no toilets but open sewers, which caused diseases such as

4675: 4653: 368: 5335: 3590: 2442:) refers to Merthyr as being "declared an insurgent zone", and that people would refer to "'what happened at Merthyr' for years to follow". 4877: 4374: 1084:, it finally closed in 1919. The local steel and coal industries began to decline after the war. By 1932, more than 80 per cent of men in 510:

The area is currently known for its industrial heritage and adventure tourism. Merthyr and the surrounding areas boast the Grade-I listed

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took to the streets of Merthyr Tydfil, calling for reform, and protesting against the lowering of their wages and general unemployment.

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Road improvements mean the town is increasingly a commuter location and has shown some of the highest house-price growth in the UK.

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In 2006 inventor Howard Stapleton, based in Merthyr Tydfil, developed the technology that gave rise to the recent mosquitotone or

5053: 3640: 252: 2788: 1984:, previously known as "South Wales Scorpions", plays in the town at Merthyr RFC's ground, The Wern. Merthyr is also home to the 5463: 5305: 4194: 3851: 1320:

In 1996 Mid Glamorgan County Council was abolished, and the borough council took over its functions in the area, being renamed

4492: 4283: 3704: 5109: 3562: 3428: 2917: 2095: 1321: 765:. People continued to be self-sufficient, living by farming and later by trading. Merthyr was little more than a village. An 421: 3750: 3872: 2328: 4723: 2533:", Merthyr Tydfil is said to have a Sanitarium where the Welsh portion of the family of the Duke of Dunstable is confined. 5636: 5629: 2070: 2033: 1360: 1258: 283: 278: 4519: 4040: 3346: 1932:, which folded in the 1930s; Merthyr Tydfil AFC was founded in 1945. In 1987 it won the Welsh Cup and qualified for the 1553:

Historical, Architectural or Constructional interest and also to improve, conserve and protect the environment thereto."

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in 1833 and moved to his mansion in Dowlais, where she lived for many years. There she translated the stories of the

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China was the name given to a nineteenth-century slum in the Pont-Storehouse area of Merthyr Tydfil. This was not a '

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The main secondary schools in the town are Afon Taf High School, Cyfarthfa High School and Pen-Y-Dre High School.

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Where the sculpture of Eddie Thomas stands was also the site of The Bethesda Community Arts Centre in the 1980s.

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stronghold in the 19th century, but the chapels declined rapidly from the 1920s onwards and most are now closed.

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Homfray was so impressed with Trevithick's locomotive that he made another bet with Crawshay, this time for 500

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on the outskirts of Merthyr Tydfil, using five miles of trackbed of the abandoned Brecon & Merthyr Railway.

5260: 4846: 1789: 1446: 1408: 78: 4018: 3984: 2476:, Merthyr is referred to as having "more pubs... than anywhere else in Britain, and they're all shut Sundays." 5614: 5548: 5427: 4990: 3950: 3409: 2954: 2683: 1992:

was one of the first rugby league sides in Wales in 1907 and beat the first touring Australian side in 1908.

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and red bricks for its frontage, an arts and creative industries centre named Redhouse Cymru was launched in

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running from their works right down the valley to Cardiff Bay, stimulating other businesses along the way.

632: 188: 87: 1062:. This led to closure of the works in 1874, which caused economic hardship and unemployment in Merthyr. 3690: 3025: 2679: 2206: 2146: 2135: 1801: 1769: 1227:

furnaces west of the Taff, a scheduled ancient monument of world importance, but currently endangered.

1178: 1174: 901: 869: 839:. Hill now owned the Plymouth Iron Works and Crawshay the works at Cyfarthfa. The fourth ironworks was 4429: 2743: 1485:

was built in 1875. Religious services ceased when it had a male Jewish congregation of under ten, the

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to extract 10 million tonnes of coal over 15 years was authorised just east of Merthyr as part of the

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of 1831 was precipitated by ruthless collection of debts, frequent wage reductions, and imposition of

5503: 4356: 4112: 3955: 3414: 2176: 2152: 1404: 1399:, rector of Merthyr from 1858 until his death in 1885. Griffith had previously been the incumbent at 1348: 1025: 556: 503: 170: 5479: 4679: 1929: 1914: 1537: 1505: 1465: 1290: 762: 457: 220: 5012:"The Rev. John Griffith and the revival of the established church in nineteenth century Glamorgan" 1233:

is the third largest in Wales and now a Grade II listed building. It is a picturesque part of the

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to link them. They had to fight hard to consolidate their conquests, and in 74 CE they built an

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The town's many cultural events include local poets and writers holding poetry evenings and

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providing county-level services in the area. The borough was also enlarged in 1974, gaining

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Peoples migrating north from Europe had lived in the area for many thousands of years. The

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football ground. A road ran north–south through the area, linking the southern coast with

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The funeral, which was attended by some 12,000 or 15,000 people, took place on Wednesday.

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A prime example of the decline is the Cyfarthfa Ironworks. The actions, or inactions, of

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intermarried with local women and many auxiliary veterans had settled on farms locally.

5220: 5057: 4678:. Post War English & Scottish Football League A–Z Player's Database. Archived from 4569: 3846: 3801: 3121: 2420: 2188: 1842: 1831: 1654: 1640: 1572: 1403:, where he had created controversy for his evidence to the commissioners preparing the 1380: 1294: 1189: 1102: 976: 889: 808: 770: 271: 97: 3003: 656:. Around the middle of the 5th century, Irish settlements had been established around 5593: 5578: 5558: 4965: 3901: 3217: 3109: 3067: 2497: 2490: 2399: 2321: 1957: 1910: 1850: 1806: 1482: 1427: 1278: 1230: 881: 865: 804: 713: 645: 595: 5188: 5064: 4287: 2712: 2577: 2415: 2377: 2212: 1827: 1674: 1564: 1517: 1254: 1098: 1059: 893: 854:

It was the need to export goods from Cyfarthfa that led to the construction of the

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The Welsh Academy Encyclopedia of Wales. Cardiff: University of Wales Press 2008.

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references his experiences in the town in his poem, "Vindaloo in Merthyr Tydfil".

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In 1802, Homfray, the Master of the Penydarren Ironworks, commissioned engineer

1207:, with the decline of heavy industry and the closure of long-established nearby 1101:, several large companies set up in Merthyr. In October 1948 the American-owned 5563: 4724:"Gareth Jamie Bevan, Man Who Trashed Conservative MP's Office Over S4C, Jailed" 4469: 4217: 3783:"YMCA to become 'high quality commercial space in a uniquely historic setting'" 3479: 3360: 2717: 2647: 2472: 2342: 2317: 2309: 2272: 2230: 2170: 2158: 2045: 1879: 1823: 1607: 1533: 1513: 1306: 1286: 1173:

in the town declined significantly in the late 19th and 20th centuries. In the

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Civilizing the Urban: Popular culture and Urban Space in Merthyr, c. 1870–1914

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Merthyr's Central Library holds a prominent position in the town centre, as a

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Keith Strange, In Search of the Celestial Empire, Llafur, Vol 3; no.1 (1980)

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and culture became established before the withdrawal of the Roman army. The

67: 5528: 5448: 5330: 5300: 5255: 5173: 5143: 4497: 4334: 4071: 3349:. Llafur: the journal of the Society for the Study of Welsh Labour History. 2504: 2458: 2346: 2260: 2140: 2089: 2051: 1521: 1356: 1036: 989: 972: 897: 820: 706: 685: 636: 475: 5004: 4041:"Church of St John, A Grade II Listed Building in Dowlais, Merthyr Tydfil" 3103: 995:

The Chartist movement of 1831 did not consider the reforms put forward by

5295: 4615: 3361:"The Story of Wales: Life in Merthyr Tydfil's 19th Century 'Little Hell'" 2439: 2389: 2385: 2362: 2331: 2313: 2242: 2164: 2099: 2083: 1953: 1887: 1834: 1658: 1364: 1110: 705:, was an early local convert to Christianity, and was murdered by either 623:

resisted this invasion fiercely from their mountain strongholds, but the

437: 4854: 4137: 4067:"Church derelict for two decades is converted into 20 rental apartments" 3820:"Merthyr Tydfil Borough Records – Administrative / Biographical History" 3503:"Merthyr Tydfil to bid for city status in Queen's Platinum Jubilee year" 3320: 2886:"Visit the industrial heritage of South Wales valleys, towns and cities" 2806: 1453:" from the Church of England. It had been acquired by the Independents ( 672:

and eventually petty kingdoms were established as far inland as Brecon.

5533: 5518: 5356: 5285: 5280: 5250: 5210: 5158: 5065:

www.geograph.co.uk : photos of Merthyr Tydfil and surrounding area

3307:

The area nicknamed 'China' in Merthyr Tydfil was a notorious slum area.

2493:), Merthyr is the capital of an independent People's Republic of Wales. 2431: 2403: 2354: 2324: 2248: 2218: 2117: 1619: 1575: 1337: 1234: 1208: 1192: 1137: 1106: 840: 816: 736:

was heavily wooded, with a few scattered farms on the mountain slopes.

733: 624: 612: 587: 583: 575: 571: 547:

and the tribe that inhabited them in the south of Wales was called the

483: 440:, who according to legend was slain at Merthyr by pagans about 480 CE. 5320: 5168: 5128: 4493:"Work starts on building Merthyr Tydfil's new bus station imminently" 4375:"Merthyr Rising 2022 announces line-up for first time since pandemic" 2525: 2236: 2194: 2127: 1898:. A series of bronze sculptures in the town mark their achievements. 1722: 1508:

after its renovation in 2014 to create the Redhouse Cymru arts centre

1450: 1329: 1314: 1215: 1155: 1040: 926: 766: 653: 599: 230: 19:"Merthyr" redirects here. For the suburb in Brisbane, Australia, see 2424:

as an example of a remote place where a young lawyer can be sent to.

5543: 5325: 5215: 5123: 4981:

The Eccles, Antiquities of the Cymry; or The Ancient British Church

3563:"New school will become Merthyr Tydfil's third Welsh medium school" 1988:

team, which played at The Cage in Troedyrhiw until September 2010.

1965: 1838: 1587: 1579: 1461: 1400: 1310: 1105:

opened a large washing machine factory and depot in the village of

1044: 540: 3873:"Merthyr Tydfil Welsh District Council Election Results 1973-1993" 1956:, known as "the Ironmen", was one of the 12 founding clubs of the 5588: 5583: 5538: 5508: 5225: 5205: 5133: 3765:"Merthyr town hall receives £8m new lease of life as arts centre" 3659:"Merthyr Tydfil's journey from iron to a very different industry" 2918:"Review: Dreaming a City - From Wales to Ukraine by Colin Thomas" 1085: 1069:

Front page of the earliest surviving copy of the Welsh newspaper

1029: 1021: 942: 938: 774: 737: 702: 657: 620: 591: 552: 548: 495: 425: 4262: 5340: 5245: 5178: 5138: 5041: 2521: 2468: 1645: 1486: 1302: 1293:. From 1974 to 1996 the borough reverted to being a lower-tier 1148: 984: 717: 698: 649: 607: 429: 3347:"In Search of the Celestial Empire. Crime in Merthyr, 1830-60" 2684:"Local Area Report – Merthyr Tydfil Built-up area (W37000363)" 2592: 2455:"Is there hope for the future?" cry the brown bells of Merthyr 5573: 5047: 4195:"Merthyr synagogue in Thomastown set to be turned into flats" 3677:"Merthyr Tydfil £100m tourism success story continuing apace" 2955:"Adventure Tourism Worth 'More than £66m' to Merthyr Economy" 2372:

Notable descendants of Merthyr include the singer-songwriter

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by Keith L. Lewis-Jones. Merthyr Tydfil Heritage Trust 2008.

3066:(5th., rev ed.). Oxford University Press. p. 428. 2589: 2586: 1830:

has recently opened a major office in the town near a large

4360: 2789:"Cyfarthfa Iron & Steelworks | visitmerthyr.co.uk" 2102:

leading goal scorer and Wales international football player

1657:

to build one of his high-pressure steam engines to drive a

1028:

established an ironworks in 1869, creating the new city of

53: 3705:"House price growth in Wales slows annually: Principality" 3276:

Thomas Carlyle: a History of His Life in London, 1834-1881

1634: 920: 428:. Often called just Merthyr, it is said to be named after 4309: 4240: 3814: 3812: 2612: 2603: 2518: 2465: 1670: 697:

Local tradition holds that, around 480 CE, a girl called

3141: 3139: 3137: 819:. The companies were mainly owned by two dynasties, the 785: 570:

in Wales by about 47–53 CE and established a network of

4950:

People, Protest and Politics, case studies in C19 Wales

3539:(in Welsh). Welsh Language Commissioner. Archived from 2185:– American politician and the eighth Governor of Nevada 1332:

and Bedlinog. The town includes the electoral wards of

761:

No permanent settlement was formed until well into the

4534:"South Wales Metro work to continue in Merthyr Tydfil" 4002: 3809: 2304:

Other notable residents have included poet and author

4218:"Merthyr: Jewish Heritage Centre plans a step closer" 3291:"The pressures of industrialisation and urbanisation" 3134: 2624: 1936:. The year 2008 marked the centennial of football at 3577:"Calls for Welsh secondary school in Merthyr Tydfil" 2615: 2609: 2606: 2600: 1548:

Merthyr has several historical and heritage groups:

892:, pulled 10 tons of iron with passengers on the new 716:, and buried in the town. The girl was considered a 2832:"The History of Merthyr Tydfil - The Town of Steel" 2597: 2583: 2580: 2409: 1618:is a narrow-gauge tourist railway that runs up the 4772: 3537:"Cyfrifiad 2011: canlyniadau a newidiadau er 2001" 3447: 3176:G. G. L. Hayes, 'Introduction' in C. Evans (ed.), 2900:"Wales - the first industrial nation of the World" 2357:in the Cyfarthfa Brass Band. One of the first two 1475: 5099: 4584:"Merthyr Town celebrate Western League promotion" 3214:The Glamorganshire and Aberdare Canals (Volume 1) 5651: 4964:by Andy Croll. University of Wales Press. 2000. 4162: 4160: 4158: 3405:"Lewis, Richard ('Dic Penderyn'; 1807/8 – 1831)" 3245:(3rd ed.). London: John Murray. p. 83. 3166:(3rd ed.). London: John Murray. p. 80. 2678: 1610:are on the northern edge of Merthyr Tydfil, the 4975:Methyr Tydfil A.F.C. 1945–1954: The Glory Years 3719:"Has Merthyr Tydfil shaken off its poor image?" 2398:, publisher and translator, married ironmaster 2384:' mother Esther Isaacs, and the grandfather of 1223:was second highest in Wales from 2018 to 2019. 1002: 4940:by Gwyn A Williams. University of Wales Press, 4079: 1181:showed 8.9 per cent primarily speaking Welsh. 909:visited Merthyr to witness cannon being made. 5464: 5085: 4875: 4520:"Metro Plus: Merthyr Tydfil Rail Interchange" 4155: 3236: 3234: 3178:The letterbook of Richard Crawshay, 1799-1797 2361:MPs to be elected to parliament was the Scot 1913:or "The Martyrs", currently competes in the 1430:, who contributed greatly to the building of 1324:. The council governs the town and the wider 1128:Cyfarthfa, the former home of the ironmaster 794:Early 19th-century industry in Merthyr Tydfil 675: 424:. It is about 23 miles (37 km) north of 5478: 4958:, edited by Hywel Teifi Edwards. Gomer, 2001 4764: 4209: 4104: 3211: 2337:; poet, author, and Welsh language activist 1602:and is also well-placed for visitors to the 1460:Other early chapels were Zion and Ebenezer ( 780: 732:For several hundred years the valley of the 5044:– Historical Photographs of Merthyr Tydfil. 4944:The Oxford Dictionary of National Biography 3157: 3155: 3153: 3151: 1614:castle was reportedly never completed. The 1289:status in 1908, making it independent from 964:hardship, widening the class distinctions. 610:. Parts of this and other roads, including 502:), originally 'Hughesovka', was founded by 462:: a place of worship built over a martyr's 455: 441: 5471: 5457: 5092: 5078: 4331:"Merthyr Tydfil Museum and Heritage Group" 4110: 3383:"History of the Force: The Merthyr Rising" 3231: 3126:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( 2418:mentions it twice in the final chapter of 2353:began his career as a noted player of the 1493:open as a Jewish Heritage Centre in 2025. 1340:, Cyfarthfa, Gurnos, Dowlais, Vaynor, and 4934:by Joseph Gross. The Starling Press. 1986 4904:"British Towns Twinned with French Towns" 4605:Match Report: Merthyr Town 1 – 9 Llanelli 4008: 2991:Celtic Culture: A Historical Encyclopedia 2738: 2736: 2114:– wrongly convicted and hanged for murder 2073:– newspaper proprietor, and his brothers 912:Famously, upon visiting Merthyr in 1850, 466:. Similar place names in south Wales are 4138:"The Birth of Non-Conformity in Merthyr" 3795: 3501:Council, Merthyr Tydfil County Borough. 3240: 3212:Rowson, Stephen; Wright, Ian L. (2001). 3161: 3148: 3046: 2773:Farmer, David Hugh (1978), "Tydfil". In 1865: 1644: 1500: 1379: 1269:The parish of Merthyr Tydfil was made a 1092: 1064: 1006: 860: 789: 5670:Burial sites of the Children of Brychan 4424: 4418: 4129: 3344: 2936:"Victorian Professions: Merthyr Tydfil" 2850:"Richard Trevithick's steam locomotive" 2805: 1598:The town lies the southern edge of the 1353:Merthyr Tydfil and Rhymney constituency 1277:in 1894. The urban district was made a 921:Living conditions in the China district 756: 753:was built two miles north of the town. 5665:Towns in Merthyr Tydfil county borough 5652: 4770: 4702:"South East Wales Arts – Laura Ashley" 4215: 4135: 4114:Hanes Eglwysi Annibynnol Cymru, Vol. 2 4064: 3272: 3255: 3061: 2826: 2824: 2733: 1924:The town was home to the professional 1426:Another influential character was Sir 1237:cycle path linking Cardiff to Brecon. 701:, daughter of a local chieftain named 121: 5452: 5110:Merthyr Tydfil County Borough Council 5073: 5048:Merthyr Tydfil County Borough Council 5009: 5003:, Merthyr Tydfil Historical Society. 4618:, "About Us". Retrieved 21 July 2014. 4490: 3691:"Welsh house sales up by 46% in 2021" 3507:Merthyr Tydfil County Borough Council 3445: 3101: 3086: 2952: 2646: 2376:, whose mother is from Merthyr, the " 2275:– Wales international football player 2197:– Welsh international football player 1856: 1826:companies to provide employment. The 1322:Merthyr Tydfil County Borough Council 1164: 948: 786:Influence and growth of iron industry 562: 422:Merthyr Tydfil County Borough Council 4771:Powell, Kenneth (28 November 1997). 4238: 3449:"Blue wonder: Happy birthday Viagra" 3216:. Lydney: Black Dwarf Publications. 2672: 2203:– Welsh international netball player 2092:– professional ice hockey goaltender 1375: 1198: 1080:1910. Despite a comeback during the 590:. It covered an area of about three 531:starts from about 1000 BCE with the 4977:By Philip Sweet. T.T.C. Books. 2008 4833:"Osmond concert in ancestors' town" 4548:"Assembly building in valleys town" 4310:"Merthyr Tydfil Historical Society" 4111:Rees, Thomas; Thomas, John (1871). 3938: 3500: 3480:"Firm's ringtone 'next Crazy Frog'" 3180:(South Wales Record Society, 1990). 2953:Jones, Rachel (12 September 2016). 2821: 2787:CBC, Visit Merthyr-Merthyr Tydfil. 2071:William Berry, 1st Viscount Camrose 2034:Category:People from Merthyr Tydfil 2004: 1818:Merthyr relies on a combination of 1783: 1248: 13: 4987:Noteworthy Merthyr Tydfil Citizens 4570:"End of the line for Hoover plant" 4470:"House price boom as market grows" 4448:"Merthyr named UK's house hotspot" 4166: 4136:Brewer, Steve (18 November 2016). 3279:. Vol. 1. Harper. p. 32. 1995: 1878:Merthyr is well known for boxers, 1571:in 1881 and 1901 and the national 1328:, which stretches as far south as 1219:avoidable" factual inaccuracies. 1188:in 1881 and 1901 and the national 1136:tomb artefacts, including several 14: 5681: 5035: 4932:A Brief History of Merthyr Tydfil 4910:. 12 January 2012. Archived from 4876:Horatio Clare (18 October 2011). 4216:Grundy, David (31 January 2022). 3925: 3318: 2940:www.victorianprofessions.ox.ac.uk 2464:In the third episode of the 1978 2251:– actor, broadcaster and producer 2209:– Welsh professional darts player 2191:– American conductor and organist 2173:(1815–1879), Wisconsin politician 2079:Gomer Berry, 1st Viscount Kemsley 2075:Seymour Berry, 1st Baron Buckland 2040:Among those born in Merthyr are: 2025: 1837:(T-Mobile & EE - now part of 1649:Pen-y-Darren locomotive (replica) 931:In search of the Celestial Empire 96:From the top, The old Town Hall, 5187: 5001:Merthyr Historian volumes 1 – 21 4956:Cyfres y Cymoedd: Merthyr a Thaf 4896: 4869: 4839: 4825: 4799: 4787:from the original on 12 May 2022 4742: 4197:. Wales Online. 18 November 2009 3977:"Death of the Rector of Merthyr" 3460:from the original on 12 May 2022 3193:. The Industrial Railway Society 3047:Woodbury, Sarah (17 June 2020). 2576: 2557:Sustainability in Merthyr Tydfil 2410:References in art and literature 2392:traced its ancestry to Merthyr. 2067:– Rock band featuring Sean Smith 1468:(Independents) and Pontmorlais ( 1437: 1072:The Cardiff and Merthyr Guardian 692: 120: 113: 86: 77: 66: 4925: 4716: 4694: 4668: 4646: 4621: 4609: 4598: 4576: 4562: 4540: 4526: 4512: 4491:Lewis, Anthony (31 July 2019). 4484: 4462: 4440: 4393: 4367: 4349: 4323: 4302: 4284:"Merthyr Tydfil Heritage Trust" 4276: 4255: 4232: 4187: 4058: 4033: 3969: 3919: 3894: 3865: 3834: 3789: 3775: 3757: 3743: 3729: 3711: 3697: 3683: 3669: 3651: 3633: 3608: 3583: 3569: 3555: 3529: 3520: 3494: 3472: 3439: 3421: 3397: 3375: 3353: 3338: 3312: 3283: 3266: 3249: 3243:A Short History of Modern Wales 3205: 3183: 3170: 3164:A Short History of Modern Wales 3095: 3080: 3064:The Oxford Dictionary of Saints 3055: 3040: 3018: 2996: 2983: 2965: 2946: 2928: 2910: 2892: 2878: 2860: 2842: 2786: 2775:The Oxford Dictionary of Saints 2341:; poet, author, and journalist 2054:– fashion designer and retailer 1476:The Merthyr Hebrew Congregation 1113:was built in the same factory. 454:, but here closer to the Latin 325:Senedd Cymru – Welsh Parliament 4983:by John Williams (1844), p116. 4065:Ridout, Joanne (17 May 2019). 3273:Froude, James Anthony (1885). 3105:Some account of Morlais castle 2799: 2780: 2767: 2705: 2692:Office for National Statistics 2637: 2569: 2312:mentioned above) and daughter 1790:Merthyr Tydfil railway station 727: 522: 1: 5101:Merthyr Tydfil County Borough 4880:. Seren Books. Archived from 3951:Dictionary of Welsh Biography 3805:. 21 June 1850. p. 1745. 3410:Dictionary of Welsh Biography 3102:Clark, George Thomas (1859). 3049:"Early Christianity in Wales" 2665: 1976:From 2017, semi-professional 1909:Merthyr has a football team, 1813: 1635:The "Pen-y-Darren" locomotive 1457:) by the early 19th century. 1326:Merthyr Tydfil County Borough 1285:. Merthyr Tydfil was granted 1264: 1143:In 1992, while testing a new 769:existed in the parish in the 555:, the Roman historian of the 414:Merthyr Tydfil County Borough 5418:Registered parks and gardens 5373:Parliamentary constituencies 4835:. BBC News. 24 October 2006. 4550:. BBC News. 30 November 2006 3983:. 2 May 1885. Archived from 2537: 2445:Merthyr is mentioned in the 2161:– broadcaster and journalist 2017: 1986:Tydfil Wildcats Rugby League 1960:in 1881. It competes in the 1629: 1600:Brecon Beacons National Park 1489:(quorum) required for them. 1299:Mid Glamorgan County Council 1003:The decline of coal and iron 680:The Latin language and some 616:, can be traced and walked. 7: 4450:. BBC News. 16 October 2004 3842:"Local Government Act 1972" 2550: 2430:'s retelling of one of the 2388:. The 1970s juvenile group 2367:Merthyr Tydfil constituency 2327:; General Secretary of the 2281:– Welsh rugby international 1904: 1886:. The latter have included 1370: 633:decline of the Roman Empire 535:. From their language, the 315:Merthyr Tydfil and Aberdare 155:OS grid reference 98:Richard Trevithick monument 10: 5686: 4946:. Oxford University Press, 4807:"We're on the right track" 4633:Parkwood Outdoors Dolygaer 4572:. BBC News. 13 March 2009. 3446:Staff (4 September 2007). 2136:Chief Justice of Australia 1802:Merthyr Tydfil bus station 1770:National Waterfront Museum 1638: 1593: 1496: 1388:Merthyr was regarded as a 1259:Ffos-y-fran open-cast mine 1184:Merthyr Tydfil hosted the 1020:the United States or even 952: 902:National Waterfront Museum 870:Brecon and Merthyr Railway 740:barons moved in after the 676:The coming of Christianity 517: 333:Merthyr Tydfil and Rhymney 18: 5607: 5486: 5365: 5349: 5196: 5185: 5116: 5107: 5010:Wills, Wilton D. (1969). 4952:By David Egan, Gomer 1987 4586:. BBC Sport. 4 April 2011 4472:. BBC News. 8 August 2006 3956:National Library of Wales 3415:National Library of Wales 3363:. BBC News. 12 March 2012 3259:A guide to Merthyr-Tydfil 2718:Dictionary.com Unabridged 2517:In the 2nd season of the 2167:– professional footballer 2120:– professional footballer 2086:– Welsh language activist 2048:– professional footballer 1971: 1934:European Cup Winners' Cup 1861: 1432:St John's Church, Dowlais 1273:in 1850, which became an 1024:, where Merthyr engineer 781:The Industrial Revolution 341: 323: 305: 301: 289: 277: 265: 261: 251: 239: 229: 219: 205: 187: 169: 153: 149:43,820 (2011 Census) 145: 108: 60: 51: 33: 5615:Date / population / area 5480:Principal areas of Wales 4045:British Listed Buildings 4009:Ap Gwilym (2 May 1885). 3878:. The Elections Centre ( 3482:. BBC News. 14 June 2006 3387:South Wales Police Force 3241:Williams, David (1963). 3162:Williams, David (1963). 3089:100 Greatest Welsh Women 3006:. Mountain Bike Route UK 2904:Peoples Collection Wales 2807:"Merthyr Tydfil (33136)" 2648:[ˈmɛrθɪrˈtɪdvɪl] 2562: 2320:; poet, journalist, and 1964:and plays home games at 1962:Principality Premiership 1948: 1943: 1930:Merthyr Town F.C. (1909) 1915:Southern Football League 1788:Regular trains run from 1775: 1669:, that it could haul 10 1538:Merthyr Tydfil Town Hall 1506:Merthyr Tydfil Town Hall 1445:One of the earliest was 1291:Glamorgan County Council 999:to be extensive enough. 652:pirates from across the 498:in Ukraine (then in the 3345:Strange, Keith (1980). 2406:in 1838–1845 and 1877. 1675:Merthyr Tydfil Tramroad 1616:Brecon Mountain Railway 868:was built to carry the 4847:"Lady Charlotte Guest" 3751:"Taff Trail - Merthyr" 3256:Clarke, T. E. (1848). 3062:Farmer, David (2011). 2544:Clichy, Hauts-de-Seine 2457:, quoting poetry from 2345:; and current head of 1875: 1650: 1509: 1470:Calvinistic Methodists 1405:1847 Education Reports 1385: 1097:Immediately after the 1076: 1016: 997:The Reform Act of 1832 872: 795: 644:attacked and breached 543:were built during the 456: 442: 412:) is the main town in 409: 241:Postcode district 42: 5056:. BBC. Archived from 5054:"Merthyr Tydfil Life" 4774:"Obituary: Dale Owen" 4629:"Courses at Dolygaer" 4430:"Tony Hills obituary" 3852:The National Archives 3822:. Archives Hub (Jisc) 2749:CollinsDictionary.com 2132:Premier of Queensland 2012:Pontsticill Reservoir 1869: 1648: 1578:in 1987. Like nearby 1567:. Merthyr hosted the 1504: 1383: 1093:Post-Second World War 1068: 1010: 961:Industrial Revolution 886:Great Western Railway 878:Vale of Neath Railway 864: 801:Industrial Revolution 793: 529:archaeological record 189:Preserved county 2993:. ABC-CLIO. p. 1757. 2989:John T. Koch, 2006. 2868:"Richard Trevithick" 2546:, France, since 1980 2503:Canadian songwriter 2451:The Bells of Rhymney 2396:Lady Charlotte Guest 2143:– professional boxer 1822:, manufacturing and 1794:Cardiff Queen Street 1746:51.64556°N 3.32417°W 1699:51.75083°N 3.37583°W 1349:Member of Parliament 1281:in 1905, with eight 1271:local board district 856:Glamorganshire Canal 757:Early modern Merthyr 488:Glamorganshire Canal 221:Sovereign state 5413:Scheduled monuments 4428:(9 November 2015). 3880:Plymouth University 3645:amp.theguardian.com 3579:. 15 December 2022. 3526:Edwards, 2001: 131. 2959:Business News Wales 2124:Sir Samuel Griffith 1982:South Wales Ironmen 1874:in Bethesda Gardens 1870:Sculpture of boxer 1741: / 1694: / 1604:South Wales Valleys 1569:National Eisteddfod 1255:open-cast coal mine 1205:industrial heritage 1186:National Eisteddfod 1130:William Crawshay II 1013:Cyfarthfa Ironworks 907:Admiral Lord Nelson 896:from Penydarren to 813:Cyfarthfa Ironworks 749:. During this time 380: / 171:Principal area 21:Merthyr, Queensland 5221:Cefn-coed-y-cymmer 5042:Old Merthyr Tydfil 4938:The Merthyr Rising 4878:"The Prince's Pen" 4173:Old Merthyr Tydfil 4021:on 7 November 2013 3987:on 7 November 2013 3847:legislation.gov.uk 3802:The London Gazette 3739:. 12 January 2021. 3616:"Programmes – All" 3591:"Programmes – All" 3393:on 6 January 2013. 3325:Old Merthyr Tydfil 3087:Breverton, Terry. 3004:"Sarn Helen Trail" 2874:. 24 January 2023. 2489:series (set in an 2215:– fashion designer 2189:William Ifor Jones 2147:Richard Harrington 1876: 1857:Sports and leisure 1832:telecommunications 1751:51.64556; -3.32417 1704:51.75083; -3.37583 1673:of iron along the 1655:Richard Trevithick 1651: 1641:Richard Trevithick 1573:Urdd Gobaith Cymru 1510: 1455:Congregationalists 1386: 1384:St Tydfil's Church 1190:Urdd Gobaith Cymru 1165:The Welsh language 1077: 1017: 949:The Merthyr Rising 890:Richard Trevithick 873: 809:Plymouth Ironworks 796: 771:Elizabethan period 720:after her death. 586:, overlooking the 568:The Romans arrived 563:The Roman invasion 420:, administered by 307:UK Parliament 253:Dialling code 5647: 5646: 5637:Council armorials 5594:Vale of Glamorgan 5579:Rhondda Cynon Taf 5559:Neath Port Talbot 5446: 5445: 5397:Listed buildings 4884:on 1 January 2014 4682:on 9 October 2012 4654:"List of Schools" 4363:on 4 August 2016. 3454:independent.co.uk 3435:on 4 August 2012. 2491:alternate history 2400:John Josiah Guest 2322:Welsh Nationalist 2257:– poet and author 2183:John Edward Jones 1958:Welsh Rugby Union 1851:registered office 1807:South Wales Metro 1606:. The remains of 1542:Saint David's Day 1483:Merthyr Synagogue 1376:Anglican churches 1279:municipal borough 1253:In 2006, a large 1231:Cefn Coed viaduct 1199:Industrial legacy 882:Taff Vale Railway 866:Cefn Coed Viaduct 805:Dowlais Ironworks 596:Merthyr Town F.C. 446:generally means " 399: 398: 5677: 5544:Isle of Anglesey 5473: 5466: 5459: 5450: 5449: 5423:Lord Lieutenants 5191: 5094: 5087: 5080: 5071: 5070: 5061: 5060:on 3 March 2008. 5031: 5029: 5027: 4916: 4915: 4914:on 25 July 2020. 4900: 4894: 4893: 4891: 4889: 4873: 4867: 4866: 4864: 4862: 4853:. Archived from 4843: 4837: 4836: 4829: 4823: 4822: 4820: 4818: 4803: 4797: 4796: 4794: 4792: 4776: 4768: 4762: 4761: 4759: 4757: 4746: 4740: 4739: 4737: 4735: 4730:. 23 August 2011 4720: 4714: 4713: 4711: 4709: 4698: 4692: 4691: 4689: 4687: 4676:"Gareth Abraham" 4672: 4666: 4665: 4663: 4661: 4656:. Merthyr Tydfil 4650: 4644: 4643: 4641: 4639: 4625: 4619: 4613: 4607: 4602: 4596: 4595: 4593: 4591: 4580: 4574: 4573: 4566: 4560: 4559: 4557: 4555: 4544: 4538: 4537: 4530: 4524: 4523: 4516: 4510: 4509: 4507: 4505: 4488: 4482: 4481: 4479: 4477: 4466: 4460: 4459: 4457: 4455: 4444: 4438: 4437: 4422: 4416: 4415: 4413: 4411: 4401:"Morlais Castle" 4397: 4391: 4390: 4388: 4386: 4371: 4365: 4364: 4359:. Archived from 4353: 4347: 4346: 4344: 4342: 4333:. Archived from 4327: 4321: 4320: 4318: 4316: 4306: 4300: 4299: 4297: 4295: 4286:. Archived from 4280: 4274: 4273: 4271: 4269: 4259: 4253: 4252: 4250: 4248: 4241:"Merthyr Tudful" 4236: 4230: 4229: 4227: 4225: 4213: 4207: 4206: 4204: 4202: 4191: 4185: 4184: 4182: 4180: 4164: 4153: 4152: 4150: 4148: 4133: 4127: 4126: 4124: 4122: 4108: 4102: 4101: 4099: 4097: 4087:"Merthyr Tydfil" 4083: 4077: 4076: 4062: 4056: 4055: 4053: 4051: 4037: 4031: 4030: 4028: 4026: 4017:. Archived from 4006: 4000: 3999: 3994: 3992: 3973: 3967: 3966: 3964: 3962: 3946:"Griffith, John" 3942: 3936: 3935: 3923: 3917: 3916: 3914: 3912: 3898: 3892: 3891: 3889: 3887: 3877: 3869: 3863: 3862: 3861: 3859: 3838: 3832: 3831: 3829: 3827: 3816: 3807: 3806: 3793: 3787: 3786: 3779: 3773: 3772: 3761: 3755: 3754: 3747: 3741: 3740: 3733: 3727: 3726: 3725:. 6 August 2018. 3715: 3709: 3708: 3707:. 16 April 2019. 3701: 3695: 3694: 3687: 3681: 3680: 3673: 3667: 3666: 3655: 3649: 3648: 3637: 3631: 3630: 3628: 3626: 3612: 3606: 3605: 3603: 3601: 3587: 3581: 3580: 3573: 3567: 3566: 3559: 3553: 3552: 3550: 3548: 3533: 3527: 3524: 3518: 3517: 3515: 3513: 3498: 3492: 3491: 3489: 3487: 3476: 3470: 3469: 3467: 3465: 3451: 3443: 3437: 3436: 3431:. Archived from 3425: 3419: 3418: 3401: 3395: 3394: 3389:. Archived from 3379: 3373: 3372: 3370: 3368: 3357: 3351: 3350: 3342: 3336: 3335: 3333: 3331: 3319:Jacob, Carolyn. 3316: 3310: 3309: 3304: 3302: 3287: 3281: 3280: 3270: 3264: 3263: 3253: 3247: 3246: 3238: 3229: 3227: 3209: 3203: 3202: 3200: 3198: 3187: 3181: 3174: 3168: 3167: 3159: 3146: 3143: 3132: 3131: 3125: 3117: 3099: 3093: 3092: 3084: 3078: 3077: 3059: 3053: 3052: 3044: 3038: 3037: 3035: 3033: 3022: 3016: 3015: 3013: 3011: 3000: 2994: 2987: 2981: 2980: 2979:. 10 March 2023. 2969: 2963: 2962: 2950: 2944: 2943: 2932: 2926: 2925: 2914: 2908: 2907: 2896: 2890: 2889: 2882: 2876: 2875: 2864: 2858: 2857: 2846: 2840: 2839: 2828: 2819: 2818: 2803: 2797: 2796: 2784: 2778: 2771: 2765: 2764: 2762: 2760: 2744:"merthyr-tydfil" 2740: 2731: 2730: 2728: 2726: 2713:"merthyr-tydfil" 2709: 2703: 2702: 2700: 2698: 2676: 2659: 2658: 2657: 2656: 2650: 2645: 2641: 2635: 2631: 2627: 2622: 2621: 2618: 2617: 2614: 2611: 2608: 2605: 2602: 2599: 2595: 2594: 2591: 2588: 2585: 2582: 2573: 2529:, in episode 1 " 2496:Australian poet 2436:The Prince's Pen 2416:Anthony Trollope 2378:Chariots of Fire 2221:– prog-rock band 2213:Julien Macdonald 2005:Outdoor pursuits 1828:Welsh Government 1784:Public transport 1767: 1765: 1764: 1762: 1761: 1760: 1758: 1757:Merthyr Tramroad 1753: 1752: 1747: 1742: 1739: 1738: 1737: 1734: 1720: 1718: 1717: 1715: 1714: 1713: 1711: 1710:Merthyr Tramroad 1706: 1705: 1700: 1695: 1692: 1691: 1690: 1687: 1677:from Penydarren 1565:Carnegie library 1518:Cyfarthfa Castle 1409:disestablishment 1317:Urban District. 1249:Open-cast mining 1099:Second World War 1060:Bessemer process 1051:status in 1908. 1032:in the process. 977:William Crawshay 894:Merthyr Tramroad 837:Richard Crawshay 512:Cyfarthfa Castle 492:Merthyr Tramroad 461: 445: 395: 394: 392: 391: 390: 385: 384:51.743°N 3.378°W 381: 378: 377: 376: 373: 347: 215: 165: 164: 134:Location within 124: 123: 117: 90: 81: 70: 56: 31: 30: 5685: 5684: 5680: 5679: 5678: 5676: 5675: 5674: 5650: 5649: 5648: 5643: 5603: 5514:Carmarthenshire 5482: 5477: 5447: 5442: 5388:Electoral wards 5361: 5345: 5198: 5192: 5183: 5112: 5103: 5098: 5052: 5038: 5025: 5023: 4928: 4920: 4919: 4902: 4901: 4897: 4887: 4885: 4874: 4870: 4860: 4858: 4845: 4844: 4840: 4831: 4830: 4826: 4816: 4814: 4813:. 16 April 2008 4805: 4804: 4800: 4790: 4788: 4780:The Independent 4769: 4765: 4755: 4753: 4748: 4747: 4743: 4733: 4731: 4728:Huffington Post 4722: 4721: 4717: 4707: 4705: 4700: 4699: 4695: 4685: 4683: 4674: 4673: 4669: 4659: 4657: 4652: 4651: 4647: 4637: 4635: 4627: 4626: 4622: 4614: 4610: 4603: 4599: 4589: 4587: 4582: 4581: 4577: 4568: 4567: 4563: 4553: 4551: 4546: 4545: 4541: 4532: 4531: 4527: 4518: 4517: 4513: 4503: 4501: 4489: 4485: 4475: 4473: 4468: 4467: 4463: 4453: 4451: 4446: 4445: 4441: 4423: 4419: 4409: 4407: 4399: 4398: 4394: 4384: 4382: 4381:. 14 March 2022 4373: 4372: 4368: 4355: 4354: 4350: 4340: 4338: 4329: 4328: 4324: 4314: 4312: 4308: 4307: 4303: 4293: 4291: 4282: 4281: 4277: 4267: 4265: 4261: 4260: 4256: 4246: 4244: 4237: 4233: 4223: 4221: 4214: 4210: 4200: 4198: 4193: 4192: 4188: 4178: 4176: 4169:"The Synagogue" 4165: 4156: 4146: 4144: 4142:The Melting Pot 4134: 4130: 4120: 4118: 4109: 4105: 4095: 4093: 4085: 4084: 4080: 4063: 4059: 4049: 4047: 4039: 4038: 4034: 4024: 4022: 4007: 4003: 3990: 3988: 3975: 3974: 3970: 3960: 3958: 3944: 3943: 3939: 3928:"John Griffith" 3924: 3920: 3910: 3908: 3906:Ordnance Survey 3902:"Election Maps" 3900: 3899: 3895: 3885: 3883: 3875: 3871: 3870: 3866: 3857: 3855: 3840: 3839: 3835: 3825: 3823: 3818: 3817: 3810: 3794: 3790: 3781: 3780: 3776: 3763: 3762: 3758: 3749: 3748: 3744: 3735: 3734: 3730: 3717: 3716: 3712: 3703: 3702: 3698: 3689: 3688: 3684: 3675: 3674: 3670: 3657: 3656: 3652: 3639: 3638: 3634: 3624: 3622: 3614: 3613: 3609: 3599: 3597: 3589: 3588: 3584: 3575: 3574: 3570: 3565:. 15 June 2022. 3561: 3560: 3556: 3546: 3544: 3535: 3534: 3530: 3525: 3521: 3511: 3509: 3499: 3495: 3485: 3483: 3478: 3477: 3473: 3463: 3461: 3444: 3440: 3427: 3426: 3422: 3403: 3402: 3398: 3381: 3380: 3376: 3366: 3364: 3359: 3358: 3354: 3343: 3339: 3329: 3327: 3317: 3313: 3300: 3298: 3289: 3288: 3284: 3271: 3267: 3254: 3250: 3239: 3232: 3224: 3210: 3206: 3196: 3194: 3189: 3188: 3184: 3175: 3171: 3160: 3149: 3144: 3135: 3119: 3118: 3100: 3096: 3085: 3081: 3074: 3060: 3056: 3045: 3041: 3031: 3029: 3028:. History Files 3024: 3023: 3019: 3009: 3007: 3002: 3001: 2997: 2988: 2984: 2971: 2970: 2966: 2951: 2947: 2934: 2933: 2929: 2916: 2915: 2911: 2898: 2897: 2893: 2884: 2883: 2879: 2872:The Melting Pot 2866: 2865: 2861: 2848: 2847: 2843: 2830: 2829: 2822: 2804: 2800: 2785: 2781: 2772: 2768: 2758: 2756: 2742: 2741: 2734: 2724: 2722: 2711: 2710: 2706: 2696: 2694: 2677: 2673: 2668: 2663: 2662: 2652: 2651: 2643: 2642: 2638: 2629: 2625: 2596: 2579: 2575: 2574: 2570: 2565: 2553: 2540: 2511:No Borders Here 2412: 2382:Harold Abrahams 2349:Andrew Haines. 2302: 2297:Howard Winstone 2267:Gustavius Payne 2028: 2020: 2007: 1998: 1996:Mountain biking 1974: 1951: 1946: 1938:Penydarren Park 1926:Football League 1919:Penydarren Park 1907: 1892:Howard Winstone 1864: 1859: 1816: 1798:Cardiff Central 1786: 1778: 1756: 1754: 1750: 1748: 1744: 1743: 1740: 1735: 1732: 1730: 1728: 1727: 1725: 1709: 1707: 1703: 1701: 1697: 1696: 1693: 1688: 1685: 1683: 1681: 1680: 1678: 1643: 1637: 1632: 1596: 1514:music festivals 1499: 1478: 1440: 1413:Church in Wales 1378: 1373: 1283:electoral wards 1267: 1251: 1201: 1167: 1095: 1082:First World War 1056:Robert Crawshay 1005: 957: 951: 923: 845:Francis Homfray 788: 783: 759: 742:Norman Conquest 730: 695: 678: 666:Carmarthenshire 662:Gower Peninsula 565: 551:, according to 525: 520: 388: 386: 382: 379: 374: 371: 369: 367: 366: 365: 345: 337: 319: 211: 201: 183: 160: 159: 141: 140: 139: 138: 132: 131: 130: 129: 125: 104: 103: 102: 101: 93: 92: 91: 83: 82: 73: 72: 71: 52: 47: 29: 24: 17: 12: 11: 5: 5683: 5673: 5672: 5667: 5662: 5660:Merthyr Tydfil 5645: 5644: 5642: 5641: 5640: 5639: 5627: 5622: 5620:Welsh speakers 5617: 5611: 5609: 5605: 5604: 5602: 5601: 5596: 5591: 5586: 5581: 5576: 5571: 5566: 5561: 5556: 5551: 5549:Merthyr Tydfil 5546: 5541: 5536: 5531: 5526: 5521: 5516: 5511: 5506: 5501: 5496: 5490: 5488: 5484: 5483: 5476: 5475: 5468: 5461: 5453: 5444: 5443: 5441: 5440: 5435: 5430: 5425: 5420: 5415: 5410: 5409: 5408: 5403: 5395: 5390: 5385: 5380: 5375: 5369: 5367: 5363: 5362: 5360: 5359: 5353: 5351: 5347: 5346: 5344: 5343: 5338: 5333: 5328: 5323: 5318: 5313: 5311:Merthyr Tydfil 5308: 5303: 5298: 5293: 5288: 5283: 5278: 5273: 5268: 5263: 5261:Mount Pleasant 5258: 5253: 5248: 5243: 5238: 5233: 5228: 5223: 5218: 5213: 5208: 5202: 5200: 5194: 5193: 5186: 5184: 5182: 5181: 5176: 5171: 5166: 5161: 5156: 5151: 5146: 5141: 5136: 5131: 5126: 5120: 5118: 5114: 5113: 5108: 5105: 5104: 5097: 5096: 5089: 5082: 5074: 5068: 5067: 5062: 5050: 5045: 5037: 5036:External links 5034: 5033: 5032: 5007: 4998: 4993: 4984: 4978: 4972: 4970:978-0708316375 4959: 4953: 4947: 4941: 4935: 4927: 4924: 4918: 4917: 4895: 4868: 4838: 4824: 4798: 4763: 4752:. hockeyDB.com 4750:"Nathan Craze" 4741: 4715: 4693: 4667: 4645: 4620: 4616:Bikepark Wales 4608: 4597: 4575: 4561: 4539: 4525: 4511: 4483: 4461: 4439: 4426:Johnson, Peter 4417: 4392: 4366: 4357:"Merthyr Rock" 4348: 4337:on 3 June 2013 4322: 4301: 4290:on 3 June 2013 4275: 4254: 4231: 4208: 4186: 4167:George, Alan. 4154: 4128: 4103: 4078: 4057: 4032: 4001: 3981:Aberdare Times 3968: 3937: 3918: 3893: 3864: 3833: 3808: 3788: 3774: 3756: 3742: 3728: 3710: 3696: 3682: 3668: 3650: 3632: 3607: 3582: 3568: 3554: 3543:on 21 May 2014 3528: 3519: 3493: 3471: 3438: 3420: 3396: 3374: 3352: 3337: 3311: 3282: 3265: 3248: 3230: 3222: 3204: 3182: 3169: 3147: 3133: 3094: 3079: 3072: 3054: 3039: 3017: 2995: 2982: 2964: 2945: 2927: 2909: 2891: 2877: 2859: 2841: 2820: 2798: 2779: 2766: 2732: 2704: 2670: 2669: 2667: 2664: 2661: 2660: 2636: 2567: 2566: 2564: 2561: 2560: 2559: 2552: 2549: 2548: 2547: 2539: 2536: 2535: 2534: 2515: 2501: 2494: 2477: 2473:Going Straight 2462: 2443: 2425: 2411: 2408: 2343:Grahame Davies 2318:Bethan Jenkins 2301: 2300: 2294: 2291:Penry Williams 2288: 2282: 2276: 2273:Mark Pembridge 2270: 2264: 2258: 2252: 2246: 2240: 2234: 2231:Geoffrey Olsen 2228: 2222: 2216: 2210: 2204: 2198: 2192: 2186: 2180: 2174: 2171:David W. Jones 2168: 2162: 2159:Ciaran Jenkins 2156: 2150: 2144: 2138: 2121: 2115: 2109: 2106:Richard Davies 2103: 2093: 2087: 2081: 2068: 2061: 2055: 2049: 2046:Gareth Abraham 2042: 2038: 2037: 2027: 2026:Notable people 2024: 2019: 2016: 2006: 2003: 1997: 1994: 1990:Merthyr Tydfil 1973: 1970: 1950: 1947: 1945: 1942: 1906: 1903: 1863: 1860: 1858: 1855: 1824:service sector 1815: 1812: 1785: 1782: 1777: 1774: 1639:Main article: 1636: 1633: 1631: 1628: 1608:Morlais Castle 1595: 1592: 1561: 1560: 1557: 1554: 1534:Merthyr Rising 1498: 1495: 1477: 1474: 1447:Ynysgau Chapel 1439: 1436: 1377: 1374: 1372: 1369: 1307:Brecknockshire 1297:council, with 1287:county borough 1275:urban district 1266: 1263: 1250: 1247: 1200: 1197: 1171:Welsh language 1166: 1163: 1103:Hoover Company 1094: 1091: 1049:county borough 1015:blast furnaces 1011:The abandoned 1004: 1001: 969:Merthyr Rising 955:Merthyr Rising 953:Main article: 950: 947: 922: 919: 914:Thomas Carlyle 849:Samuel Homfray 787: 784: 782: 779: 758: 755: 751:Morlais Castle 729: 726: 694: 691: 677: 674: 646:Hadrian's Wall 604:Watling Street 564: 561: 557:Roman invaders 537:Welsh language 524: 521: 519: 516: 500:Russian Empire 432:, daughter of 410:Merthyr Tudful 402:Merthyr Tydfil 397: 396: 389:51.743; -3.378 364: 363: 361:Merthyr Tydfil 358: 353: 348: 346:List of places 342: 339: 338: 336: 335: 329: 327: 321: 320: 318: 317: 311: 309: 303: 302: 299: 298: 293: 287: 286: 281: 275: 274: 269: 263: 262: 259: 258: 255: 249: 248: 243: 237: 236: 235:Merthyr Tydfil 233: 227: 226: 225:United Kingdom 223: 217: 216: 209: 203: 202: 200: 199: 193: 191: 185: 184: 182: 181: 179:Merthyr Tydfil 175: 173: 167: 166: 157: 151: 150: 147: 143: 142: 136:Merthyr Tydfil 133: 128:Merthyr Tydfil 127: 126: 119: 118: 112: 111: 110: 109: 106: 105: 95: 94: 85: 84: 76: 75: 74: 65: 64: 63: 62: 61: 58: 57: 49: 48: 46: 45: 43:Merthyr Tudful 35: 34:Merthyr Tydfil 27: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 5682: 5671: 5668: 5666: 5663: 5661: 5658: 5657: 5655: 5638: 5635: 5634: 5633: 5632: 5628: 5626: 5625:Highest point 5623: 5621: 5618: 5616: 5613: 5612: 5610: 5606: 5600: 5597: 5595: 5592: 5590: 5587: 5585: 5582: 5580: 5577: 5575: 5572: 5570: 5569:Pembrokeshire 5567: 5565: 5562: 5560: 5557: 5555: 5554:Monmouthshire 5552: 5550: 5547: 5545: 5542: 5540: 5537: 5535: 5532: 5530: 5527: 5525: 5522: 5520: 5517: 5515: 5512: 5510: 5507: 5505: 5502: 5500: 5497: 5495: 5494:Blaenau Gwent 5492: 5491: 5489: 5485: 5481: 5474: 5469: 5467: 5462: 5460: 5455: 5454: 5451: 5439: 5436: 5434: 5431: 5429: 5428:High Sheriffs 5426: 5424: 5421: 5419: 5416: 5414: 5411: 5407: 5404: 5402: 5399: 5398: 5396: 5394: 5391: 5389: 5386: 5384: 5381: 5379: 5376: 5374: 5371: 5370: 5368: 5364: 5358: 5355: 5354: 5352: 5348: 5342: 5339: 5337: 5334: 5332: 5329: 5327: 5324: 5322: 5319: 5317: 5314: 5312: 5309: 5307: 5304: 5302: 5299: 5297: 5294: 5292: 5289: 5287: 5284: 5282: 5279: 5277: 5274: 5272: 5269: 5267: 5264: 5262: 5259: 5257: 5254: 5252: 5249: 5247: 5244: 5242: 5239: 5237: 5234: 5232: 5229: 5227: 5224: 5222: 5219: 5217: 5214: 5212: 5209: 5207: 5204: 5203: 5201: 5195: 5190: 5180: 5177: 5175: 5172: 5170: 5167: 5165: 5162: 5160: 5157: 5155: 5152: 5150: 5147: 5145: 5142: 5140: 5137: 5135: 5132: 5130: 5127: 5125: 5122: 5121: 5119: 5115: 5111: 5106: 5102: 5095: 5090: 5088: 5083: 5081: 5076: 5075: 5072: 5066: 5063: 5059: 5055: 5051: 5049: 5046: 5043: 5040: 5039: 5021: 5017: 5013: 5008: 5006: 5002: 4999: 4997: 4994: 4992: 4988: 4985: 4982: 4979: 4976: 4973: 4971: 4967: 4963: 4960: 4957: 4954: 4951: 4948: 4945: 4942: 4939: 4936: 4933: 4930: 4929: 4923: 4913: 4909: 4905: 4899: 4883: 4879: 4872: 4857:on 4 May 2012 4856: 4852: 4848: 4842: 4834: 4828: 4812: 4808: 4802: 4786: 4782: 4781: 4775: 4767: 4751: 4745: 4729: 4725: 4719: 4703: 4697: 4681: 4677: 4671: 4655: 4649: 4634: 4630: 4624: 4617: 4612: 4606: 4601: 4585: 4579: 4571: 4565: 4549: 4543: 4535: 4529: 4521: 4515: 4500: 4499: 4494: 4487: 4471: 4465: 4449: 4443: 4435: 4431: 4427: 4421: 4406: 4405:Visit Merthyr 4402: 4396: 4380: 4376: 4370: 4362: 4358: 4352: 4336: 4332: 4326: 4311: 4305: 4289: 4285: 4279: 4264: 4258: 4243:. Theatr Soar 4242: 4235: 4219: 4212: 4196: 4190: 4175:. Alan George 4174: 4170: 4163: 4161: 4159: 4143: 4139: 4132: 4117:. p. 244 4116: 4115: 4107: 4092: 4088: 4082: 4074: 4073: 4068: 4061: 4046: 4042: 4036: 4020: 4016: 4012: 4011:"The Funeral" 4005: 3998: 3986: 3982: 3978: 3972: 3957: 3953: 3952: 3947: 3941: 3933: 3932:Welsh Journal 3929: 3922: 3907: 3903: 3897: 3881: 3874: 3868: 3853: 3849: 3848: 3843: 3837: 3821: 3815: 3813: 3804: 3803: 3798: 3792: 3784: 3778: 3771:. 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