264:; as a result the former 'Mekog' plant was no longer viable. DSM was to closed its IJmuiden plant on 1 January 2010, and would receive compensation (approximately €48 million) from the Dutch government; a nitric acid plant at IJmuiden was to be relocated to Geleen. Approximately 120 people were made redundant as a direct result of the closure.
369:"Les Centres sidérurgiques des rivages de la mer du Nord et leur influence sur l'organisation de l'espace: Brême, IJmuiden, Gand, Dunkerque : recherches sur l'expression et sur la signification géographiques de l'activité industrielle"
193:, followed by refrigeration to -200°C which liquified the gas mixture with the exception of the hydrogen, which could then be separated and purified for the ammonia process. Syntheses of ammonia was carried out at 450°C at 80 atm using an
205:
as the product; initially 200 ton per day was produced. At nitric acid plant opened in 1930, and a phosphoric acid plant briefly operated in the 1930s, but was uneconomic. In 1939, calcium ammonium nitrate production was started.
250:(KNZ), Shell and DSM, KHNS and KNZ left the venture in 1973 leaving the company three quarters owned by DSM. UKF became a full DSM subsidiary in 1979, including Mekog under the group 'DSM Agro BV'.
253:
By 1967, the plant was producing 564000 tonnes of fertilizer (ammonia content 145000 tonnes) and employed a peak of 1160 people; discovery of a large gas resources at
Groningen, the Netherlands (
247:
209:
In 1949/50, and in 1955, the plant's capacity was expanded resulting in a primary ammonia capacity of over 93000 tons by 1955; the 1955 development introduced the use of petroleum as a
152:
near IJmuiden; the steel production process produced a number of auxiliary by-products including a variety of carbon and hydrogen based compounds from the production of coke from coal.
375:(in French), Publications de la Sorbonne, "KNHS - IJmuiden: Organisation Generale", Fig. 19, p. 126; p. 308; "KNHS - IJmuiden: Repartition Generale de L'Effectif", table 65, p. 458,
214:
542:
122:) was a chemical company founded 1928, that manufactured fertilizer using hydrogen from coke oven gas as a feedstock. The company's facilities were located on the site of the
679:
243:
144:
123:
674:
198:
669:
201:) – the ammonia was washed out and the unreacted recirculated into the reaction. The ammonia produced was reacted with dilute sulphuric acid to return
684:
664:
260:
In 2008, DSM Agro and the Dutch government reached an agreement to end potentially dangerous rail transportation of
Ammonia between IJmuiden and
194:
170:
to make nitrogen based fertilizers. Production began in
September 1929. The plant was located in the southeast corner of the IJmuiden site.
189:
as main components) to remove benzene, tar and related compounds. The gas was then compressed (15atm) and washed again to remove CO
489:
271:, which had acquired DSM agro in June 2010. The relocated plant is part of the OCI Agro unit of the Nitrogen division of OCI.
18:
336:
267:
The nitric acid plant was moved to Geleen during the first half of 2010, to be operated by the agrochemicals division of
257:)) altered the 'energy balance' in the Netherlands – and production was done using natural gas instead of coke oven gas.
380:
158:
521:
589:
268:
626:
501:
292:
173:
As initially built the process involved firstly washing the coke oven gas (~50% hydrogen, 25%
466:(in Dutch), Vereniging van Kunstmest Producenten / Association of Fertilizer Producers / VKP
581:
8:
254:
231:
316:
622:
563:
386:
376:
202:
348:
643:"Opblazen schoorsteen bij Tata Steel (Corus - Hoogovens) IJmuiden 28-6-2011 20:10"
447:, Vereniging van Kunstmest Producenten / Association of Fertilizer Producers / VKP
616:
440:
421:
404:
368:
344:
296:
182:
149:
459:
543:"OCI Finalizes the Acquisition of Royal DSM N.V's Agro and Melamine Businesses"
186:
642:
298:
Het
Spiedend Oog Der Luchtcamera : 170 Luchtfoto's met toelochtende tekst
658:
390:
301:(in Dutch), Koninkklijk Nederlandsch Aardrijkskundig Genootschap, p. 103
235:
33:
20:
460:"(none) "De ontstaansgeschiedenis van de Nederlandse kunstmestindustrie...""
131:
347:, Mekog officially established, 14 September 1929, 2007, archived from
178:
163:
127:
441:"(none) "The story of the development of the Dutch fertilizer...""
174:
167:
293:"De Koninklijke Nederlandsche Hoogovens en Staalfabrieken N.V."
261:
423:
The technical development of the Royal Dutch/Shell: 1890-1940
406:
The technical development of the Royal Dutch/Shell: 1890-1940
419:
402:
156:
was established in 1928 as a joint venture between KNHS and
223:
317:"Koninklijke Nederlandsche Hoogovens en Staalfabrieken NV"
651:, demolition of former nitric acid plant chimney, 2011.
148:(KNHS) constructed a steelworks on the north bank of
145:
124:
49:
522:"Stork moves complete plant from IJmuiden to Geleen"
490:"DSM intends to close Agro plant in IJmuiden (NL)"
366:
656:
314:
680:Manufacturing companies disestablished in 2010
222:(VKF); this firm created a joint venture with
614:
234:. VKF merged with the fertilizer division of
115:Maatschappij tot Exploitatie van Kooksovengas
321:International Directory of Company Histories
290:
166:content of the coke oven gas to manufacture
675:Manufacturing companies established in 1928
220:Verenigde Kunstmestfabrieken Mekog-Albatros
618:Groeien door kunstmest: DSM Agro 1929-2004
670:2010 disestablishments in the Netherlands
230:, which established an ammonia plant in
685:Fertilizer companies of the Netherlands
373:Publications de la Sorbonne. Géographie
81:closed, part of plant shipped to Pernis
665:1928 establishments in the Netherlands
657:
286:
284:
248:Koninklijke Nederlandse Zoutindustrie
549:, OCI Fertilizer Group, 1 June 2010
420:R.J. Forbes; D.R. O'Beirne (1957),
403:R.J. Forbes; D.R. O'Beirne (1957),
362:
360:
13:
502:"DSM Agro plant in IJmuiden close"
281:
120:coke oven gas exploitation company
14:
696:
635:
621:(in Dutch), Uitgeverij Verloren,
212:In 1961, the company merged with
159:Bataafsche Petroleum Maatschappij
357:
590:Orascom Construction Industries
553:
269:Orascom Construction Industries
535:
514:
479:
430:
413:
396:
305:
242:(UKF) which was part owned by
215:Albatros Superfosfaatfabrieken
142:During the 1920s, the company
1:
529:www.storktechnicalservices.de
315:Jay P. Pederson, ed. (2008),
274:
103:Ammonia, Nitrogen fertilizers
295:, in J.H.G. Schepers (ed.),
240:Unie van Kunstmest Fabrieken
7:
10:
701:
608:
367:Jacques Malézieux (1981),
137:
99:
85:
77:
69:
61:
53:
508:(in Dutch), 4 March 2008
564:"OCI Agro - Production"
337:"History Steel Company"
615:Ernst Homburg (2004),
34:52.475809°N 4.614658°E
649:(in Dutch), June 2011
291:L.A. Pennock (1948),
331:www.encyclopedia.com
255:Groningen gas field
232:Pernis, Netherlands
162:(Shell) to use the
50:
39:52.475809; 4.614658
30: /
531:, 17 November 2010
506:economie.nieuws.nl
494:www.chemeurope.com
409:, pp. 506–511
351:on 9 December 2013
238:in 1972, creating
199:Mont Cenis Process
48:
586:www.orascomci.com
464:www.kunstmest.com
445:www.kunstmest.com
203:Ammonium sulphate
107:
106:
692:
650:
631:
602:
599:
598:
596:
577:
576:
574:
557:
551:
550:
547:www.nutrinorm.nl
539:
533:
532:
526:
518:
512:
509:
497:
483:
477:
474:
473:
471:
455:
454:
452:
434:
428:
427:
417:
411:
410:
400:
394:
393:
364:
355:
352:
328:
309:
303:
302:
288:
126:steelworks near
51:
47:
45:
44:
42:
41:
40:
35:
31:
28:
27:
26:
23:
700:
699:
695:
694:
693:
691:
690:
689:
655:
654:
647:www.youtube.com
641:
638:
629:
611:
606:
605:
594:
592:
580:
572:
570:
568:www.ociagro.com
562:
558:
554:
541:
540:
536:
524:
520:
519:
515:
500:
488:
484:
480:
469:
467:
458:
450:
448:
439:
435:
431:
418:
414:
401:
397:
383:
365:
358:
341:www.steel90.com
335:
327:, Gale, para. 6
310:
306:
289:
282:
277:
192:
183:Carbon monoxide
150:North Sea Canal
140:
95:
91:
38:
36:
32:
29:
24:
21:
19:
17:
16:
12:
11:
5:
698:
688:
687:
682:
677:
672:
667:
653:
652:
637:
636:External links
634:
633:
632:
627:
610:
607:
604:
603:
601:
600:
582:"OCI Nitrogen"
578:
552:
534:
513:
511:
510:
498:
496:, 7 March 2008
478:
476:
475:
456:
429:
412:
395:
381:
356:
354:
353:
333:
304:
279:
278:
276:
273:
197:catalyst (the
190:
187:Carbon dioxide
139:
136:
105:
104:
101:
97:
96:
93:
89:
87:
83:
82:
79:
75:
74:
71:
67:
66:
63:
59:
58:
55:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
697:
686:
683:
681:
678:
676:
673:
671:
668:
666:
663:
662:
660:
648:
644:
640:
639:
630:
624:
620:
619:
613:
612:
591:
587:
583:
579:
569:
565:
561:
560:
556:
548:
544:
538:
530:
523:
517:
507:
503:
499:
495:
491:
487:
486:
482:
465:
461:
457:
446:
442:
438:
437:
433:
426:, p. 623
425:
424:
416:
408:
407:
399:
392:
388:
384:
382:9782859440374
378:
374:
370:
363:
361:
350:
346:
342:
338:
334:
332:
326:
322:
318:
313:
312:
308:
300:
299:
294:
287:
285:
280:
272:
270:
265:
263:
258:
256:
251:
249:
245:
241:
237:
233:
229:
228:Ammoniak Unie
225:
221:
217:
216:
210:
207:
204:
200:
196:
188:
184:
180:
176:
171:
169:
165:
161:
160:
155:
151:
147:
146:
135:
133:
129:
125:
121:
117:
116:
111:
102:
98:
88:
84:
80:
76:
72:
68:
64:
60:
56:
52:
46:
43:
646:
617:
593:, retrieved
585:
571:, retrieved
567:
555:
546:
537:
528:
516:
505:
493:
481:
468:, retrieved
463:
449:, retrieved
444:
432:
422:
415:
405:
398:
372:
349:the original
340:
330:
324:
320:
307:
297:
266:
259:
252:
239:
227:
219:
213:
211:
208:
195:iron cyanide
172:
157:
153:
143:
141:
119:
114:
113:
109:
108:
90:nr. IJmuiden
86:Headquarters
15:
132:Netherlands
94:Netherlands
37: /
659:Categories
628:9065508198
275:References
218:to create
118:, English
22:52°28′33″N
559:Sources:
485:Sources:
436:Sources:
391:0766-0448
311:Sources:
25:4°36′53″E
179:nitrogen
164:hydrogen
128:IJmuiden
100:Products
57:Chemical
54:Industry
609:Sources
595:1 March
573:1 March
470:2 March
451:2 March
175:methane
168:ammonia
138:History
130:in the
70:Defunct
62:Founded
625:
389:
379:
329:, via
262:Geleen
177:, 15%
525:(PDF)
345:Corus
185:, 2%
181:, 6%
154:Mekog
110:Mekog
623:ISBN
597:2012
575:2012
472:2012
453:2012
387:ISSN
377:ISBN
244:KNHS
224:BASF
78:Fate
73:2010
65:1928
236:DSM
661::
645:,
588:,
584:,
566:,
545:,
527:,
504:,
492:,
462:,
443:,
385:,
371:,
359:^
343:,
339:,
325:91
323:,
319:,
283:^
246:,
226::
134:.
92:,
191:2
112:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.