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281:, which Boito regarded as a superficial and frivolous treatment of a profound subject. Furthermore, Boito was contemptuous of what he saw as the low operatic standards prevailing in Italy at that time, and he determined to make his new work distinctive, both musically and intellectually, different from anything that had been heard before. He hoped that it would be a wake-up call and an inspiration to other young Italian composers.
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Faust is in his study, deep in contemplation. His thoughts are disturbed in dramatic fashion by the sudden appearance of the sinister friar, whom he now recognizes as a manifestation of the Devil (Mefistofele). Far from being terrified, Faust is intrigued and enters into a discussion with
Mefistofele
325:
on 4 October 1875, this time sung by what is generally regarded to be a very fine cast, and was an immediate success. This change in reception is thought to be partly due to Boito's revisions making the opera more traditional in style, and also to the
Italian audience having become familiar with, and
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supplied by Faust and for drowning the baby she had borne him. Faust begs
Mefistofele to help them escape together. They enter the cell and at first Margareta does not recognize her rescuers. Her joy at being reunited with Faust turns to horror when she sees Mefistofele and recognizes that he is the
462:
was performed. The concept of this production was created by director
Lisenka Heijboer Castañon and conductor Manoj Kamps, in which they invited composers and arrangers to respond to Boito's original work. This included a new arrangement of Boito's famous prison aria ‘L’altra notte in fondo al mare’
305:
musical style and unimpressed by many of the scenes (notably the scene in the emperor's court), steadily increased. Furthermore, the work was far too long and the cast inadequate for the complexities of the music. When the curtain finally came down well after midnight, it was clear that the premiere
807:
Restored to his youth, Faust has infatuated
Margareta, an unsophisticated village girl. She is unable to resist his seductive charms and agrees to drug her mother with a sleeping draught and meet him for a night of passion. Meanwhile, Mefistofele amuses himself with Martha, another of the village
309:
Boito immediately set to work revising his opera, greatly reduced its length by about one-third by making many scenes smaller in scale. The most important changes were the following: Boito removed the entire first scene of the original act 4 (scene in the imperial court), symphonic intermezzo "La
840:
mountain. They reach to the top and hear the sound of witches approaching from below. They draw near and
Mefistofele, declaring himself king, calls to them to bow down before him. The devil mounts his throne and proclaims his contempt for the World and all its worthless inhabitants. As the orgy
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and her followers are enjoying the luxurious and exotic surroundings on the banks of a magnificent river. Faust, attired more splendidly than ever, is easily able to win the heart of the beautiful princess. In a passionate outpouring they declare their undying love and devotion to each other.
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Back in his study, Faust, once more an old man, reflects that neither in the world of reality nor of illusion was he able to find the perfect experience he craved. He feels that the end of his life is close, but desperate for his final victory, Mefistofele urges him to embark on more exotic
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depicts the opera being performed onstage, using an excerpt of "Rampiamo, rampiamo, che il tempo ci gabba" (Chorus of
Warlocks and Witches from act 2, scene 2) from the 1973 EMI recording (see "Recordings" above). During the scene, performers dressed as bat-like monsters frighten young
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However, it was not a success and was immediately withdrawn after only two performances both of which were hissed at by the audiences. Revisions in 1875 resulted in success in
Bologna and, with further adjustments in 1876 for Venice, the opera was performed elsewhere.
888:
adventures. For a moment Faust hesitates, but suddenly seizing his Bible he cries out for God's forgiveness. Mefistofele has been thwarted; he disappears into the background as Faust dies and the
Celestial choir once more sings of ultimate redemption.
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heavenly host, Chorus
Mysticus, cherubim, penitents, strollers, crossbowmen, hunters, students, villagers, women of the people, middle class people, witches, warlocks, Greek chorus women, Sirens, Nereids, Greek coryphaei,
1672:
Sources generally credit contralto Antonietta Mazzucco as the creator of the roles of Marta and Pantalis, whereas the original libretto reports the name of a "Signora De-Fassi", about whom further information is
769:. Faust senses that they are being followed by a mysterious friar, about whom he senses something evil. Wagner dismisses his master’s feelings of unease and as darkness falls they return to Faust’s home.
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Faust's vision had been true. Margareta lies in a dismal cell, her mind in a state of confusion and despair. She has been imprisoned and condemned to death for poisoning her mother with the sleeping
341:, London on 6 July 1880 and the American premiere was on 16 November 1880 in Boston. Thereafter, Boito continued to make small changes until the final definitive production in Milan on 25 May 1881.
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reaches its climax, Faust sees a vision of Margherita, apparently in chains and with her throat cut. Mefistofele reassures him that the vision was a false illusion. The revels continue.
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An avant-garde video directed by Yevgeniy Timokhin on a remix with the verse "E' mia madre addormentata" from Margareta's aria in act 3 was awarded the Euro Video Grand Prix 2006.
740:
A heavenly chorus of angels praises God the Creator. Mefistofele scornfully declares that he can win the soul of Faust. His challenge is accepted by the Forces of Good.
854:
Devil. Refusing to succumb to further evil, Margareta begs for divine forgiveness. She collapses to the cell floor as the Celestial choir proclaims her redemption.
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had been a failure. After just two performances, with the second one being divided into two sections and presented on successive evenings, the opera was withdrawn.
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culminating in an agreement by which he will give his soul to the devil on his death in return for worldly bliss for the remainder of his life.
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Mefistofele - Opera in un prologo e cinque atti di Arrigo Boito da rappresentarsi al R. Teatro della Scala - Carnevale-Quaresima 1868
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Battaglia" and expanded act 5 as an epilogue, adding the duet "Lontano, lontano" to act 3 in the process. Faust was changed from a
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in November 1994. San Francisco Opera revived the 1994 production of the opera as the first production of its 2013/14 season with
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2016:
401:, Ramey made the role a signature one, appearing in many productions in the 1980s and early 1990s, including one given by the
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Casaglia erroneously claims the role of Nereo was also performed at the 1868 premiere, crediting it to an undeclared tenor.
154:(there are several completed operas for which he was librettist only). The opera was given its premiere on 5 March 1868 at
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Casaglia erroneously claims the role of Pantalis was also played at the 1868 premiere, crediting it to Giuseppina Flory.
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As the evening of 5 March 1868 premiere performance progressed, the hostility of the audience, unfamiliar with Boito's
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The Metropolitan Opera has given the work from time to time since it first appeared there on 5 December 1883.
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up to that time. Much of the text is actually a literal translation from Goethe's German to Boito's Italian.
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In the early 20th century, revivals of the opera were associated particularly with the famous Russian
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in London has only given one performance of the opera, a concert version in March 1998 at the
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Boito made further minor revisions during 1876, and this version was first performed at the
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in 2020 could not go ahead as planned, so an alternative production of the work titled
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Mefistofele - Opera di Arrigo Boito - Teatro Comunitativo di Bologna Autunno 1875
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Gate and ramparts of Frankfurt am Main, sketch for act 1, scene 1 (Ferrario)
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2054:(in Italian) (2 ed.). Milan: Ricordi (at the Author's expense). 1868.
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In August 2014, the opera was performed at the 13th Opera Festival of the
360:, New York, 20 November 1907). Chaliapin made his first appearance at the
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more willing to accept, developments in opera associated with those of
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in Venice on 13 May 1876. The first British performance took place at
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based on the Faust legend and, like many other composers, Boito used
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was completed in 1867 while Boito was visiting relatives in Poland.
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The Herald; The Beggar; The Emperor; Lilith; Paris; A Boy; A Goblin
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Coro del Teatro Regio di Torino, Orchestra Sinfonica RAI Torino
443:
was played by Denis Sedov and Faust played by Fernando Portari.
439:, Brazil, after a 50-year hiatus from Brazilian theaters. There
275:
The most popular earlier opera based on the legend was Gounod's
2195:
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San Francisco Opera performance database on archive.sfopera.com
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428:, directed by Michał Znaniecki and conducted by Nikša Bareza.
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The opera was performed as part of the 2013/14 season at the
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The aged Dr. Faust and his pupil Wagner are watching the
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Mefistofele has now transported Faust back in time to
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Exploits and Opinions of Dr. Faustroll, Pataphysician
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Orchestra e Coro dell' Accademia Santa Cecilia, Roma
143:, the only completed opera with music by the Italian
475:
who was an original cast member for the production.
291:
803:Marta's garden for act 2, scene 1 (Ferrario)
139:and five acts, later reduced to four acts and an
3491:
832:Mefistofele has carried Faust away to witness a
379:scoring his greatest success in the title role.
712:Additional characters from the first version:
268:, something which was virtually unheard of in
2248:
2118:
1955:. Vol. 3. London: Macmillan Publishers.
236:Boito began consideration of an opera on the
260:as his starting point. He was an admirer of
1668:
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204:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
2255:
2241:
2125:
2111:
1204:Sofia National Opera Chorus and Orchestra
344:
240:theme after completing his studies at the
45:
2098:International Music Score Library Project
2058:Original libretto of the second version:
224:Learn how and when to remove this message
2824:2nd movement "Quasi-Faust" (1847, Alkan)
2262:
2047:Original libretto of the first version:
1969:
1937:
1906:
1663:
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994:Orchestra and Chorus of La Scala, Milan
958:Historical (originally Italian Columbia)
861:
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798:
776:
752:
2641:The Black Bonspiel of Wullie MacCrimmon
1503:
1457:
1455:
781:Set design for act 1, scene 2 (Ferario)
3492:
1691:Boito writes "Coretidi", after Goethe.
1063:Rome Opera House Orchestra and Chorus
264:and, like him, chose to write his own
165:
51:Set design for the Prologue in Heaven,
3282:The Devil's Hands Are Idle Playthings
2518:The Year the Yankees Lost the Pennant
2236:
2106:
1408:
426:Croatian National Theatre (HNK Split)
321:The revised version was premiered in
126:
1909:"Ukraine wins Euro Video Grand Prix"
1907:Matoshko, Alexandra (14 June 2006).
1714:on operadis-opera-discography.org.uk
1710:Source of recordings information of
1700:Boito writes "Doridi", after Goethe.
1609:According to the original librettos.
1558:from the San Francisco Opera website
1506:"Metropolitan Opera 2018–19 Review:
1452:
202:adding citations to reliable sources
169:
1647:. L'Almanacco di Gherardo Casaglia
1626:. L'Almanacco di Gherardo Casaglia
765:celebrations in the main square in
13:
2006:, New York: Penguin Putnam, 2001.
1989:
1504:Salazar, David (9 November 2018).
485:Roles, voice types, premiere casts
14:
3556:
3540:Opera world premieres at La Scala
3145:El extraño caso del doctor Fausto
2987:The Mephistopheles of Los Angeles
2534:The Devil to Pay in the Backlands
2079:
2065:(in Italian) (3 ed.). Milan
1952:The New Grove Dictionary of Opera
1810:. The Decca Record Company London
1758:. The Decca Record Company London
1534:Royal Opera House online database
467:arranged by the British composer
292:Performance history and revisions
3477:
3452:
3451:
3009:The Laboratory of Mephistopheles
2740:Doctor Faustus Lights the Lights
2132:
1487:"Metropolitan Opera Association"
689:Antonietta Mazzucco (De-Fassi?)
670:Antonietta Mazzucco (De-Fassi?)
533:François-Marcel (Marcello) Junca
174:
3535:Music based on the Faust legend
2822:Grande sonate 'Les quatre âges'
2633:Will Success Spoil Rock Hunter?
2044:, New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
1900:
1874:
1848:
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1654:
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1612:
1603:
1592:
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1173:National Philharmonic Orchestra
866:Set design for act 4 (Ferrario)
296:
3500:Operas based on Goethe's Faust
3308:When the Devil Calls Your Name
2973:The Devil Went Down to Georgia
2764:Historia von D. Johann Fausten
2590:Johannes Cabal the Necromancer
2342:Historia von D. Johann Fausten
1888:. EuroArts Music International
1561:
1549:
1538:
1527:
1497:
1479:
1440:
371:presented a new production by
1:
3433:Mephistopheles and Margaretta
1568:Information on the production
1429:
891:
3073:The Devil and Daniel Webster
2487:The Devil and Daniel Webster
2042:The New Grove Book of Operas
812:Scene 2, The Witches Sabbath
7:
2071:(also accessible online at
2004:The New Penguin Opera Guide
1491:archives.metoperafamily.org
882:
735:
730:
10:
3561:
3300:The Devil and Daniel Mouse
2829:Scenes from Goethe's Faust
2025:The New Kobbe's Opera Book
1639:Casaglia, Gherardo (2005).
1618:Casaglia, Gherardo (2005).
911:Opera house and orchestra
18:
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3201:Faust: Love of the Damned
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1970:Borovsky, Victor (1988).
1587:News announcement from G1
1237:Hungarian State Orchestra
1135:London Symphony Orchestra
720:Chorus (second version):
719:
711:
496:
493:
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471:for the Moldovan soprano
248:is one of many pieces of
89:
78:
70:
62:
44:
33:
28:
3510:Libretti by Arrigo Boito
2471:The Master and Margarita
2424:The Devil and Tom Walker
1556:Information on the opera
1278:Orchestra and chorus of
1171:London Opera Chorus and
948:Orchestra and Chorus of
857:
844:
789:
743:
604:Mélanie-Charlotte Reboux
579:Mélanie-Charlotte Reboux
509:Conductor: Arrigo Boito
497:Revised Bologna version
478:
394:as the title character.
3515:Italian-language operas
2868:Bagatelle sans tonalité
2772:Faustus, the Last Night
2027:, London: Ebury Press.
1182:Cat: 000289 475 6666 3
1103:Cat: 000289 440 0542 4
345:20th century and beyond
128:[mefiˈstɔːfele]
3505:Operas by Arrigo Boito
3025:The Damnation of Faust
2952:Sympathy for the Devil
2913:Beethoven's Last Night
1836:. Sony Classical. 1991
1364:Dynamic (record label)
1355:Orchestra and chorus,
1144:Cat: 07243 566501 2 1
1131:Ambrosian Opera Chorus
867:
829:
804:
782:
758:
749:Scene 1, Easter Sunday
655:Margherita's neighbour
469:Grace-Evangeline Mason
124:Italian pronunciation:
94:5 March 1868
3225:Shortcut to Happiness
3217:I Was a Teenage Faust
3105:Marguerite de la nuit
3057:The Student of Prague
3041:The Student of Prague
2807:Gretchen am Spinnrade
2684:La damnation de Faust
2542:That Hell-Bound Train
1423:, who asks to leave.
1397:Orchestra and Chorus
1311:Orchestra and chorus
1304:Annalisa Raspagliosi
1168:Oliviero De Fabritiis
865:
819:
802:
780:
756:
339:Her Majesty's Theatre
16:Opera by Arrigo Boito
3339:Randy Newman's Faust
3097:Beauty and the Devil
3033:Faust and Marguerite
3017:Faust and Marguerite
2716:Faust and Marguerite
2574:The Devil's Own Work
2550:For a Breath I Tarry
2455:The Sorrows of Satan
2416:Melmoth the Wanderer
2409:Daniel and the Devil
2264:Works based on Faust
1599:Dutch National Opera
1332:Ferruccio Furlanetto
1013:Ferruccio Tagliavini
923:Nazzareno De Angelis
820:Witches Sabbath (by
610:Erminia Borghi-Mamo
515:Cast, 4 October 1875
452:Dutch National Opera
198:improve this section
3089:The Legend of Faust
2959:Friend of the Devil
2748:The Rake's Progress
2735:(1916–1925, Busoni)
2510:The Devil in Velvet
2305:Theophilus of Adana
2288:Deal with the Devil
1974:. New York: Knopf.
1395:San Francisco Opera
1342:Dimitra Theodossiou
997:CD: Cantus Classics
824:, performed at the
795:Scene 1, The Garden
586:Erminia Borghi-Mamo
487:
403:San Francisco Opera
369:New York City Opera
166:Composition history
19:For the demon, see
3545:The Devil in opera
3169:Oh, God! You Devil
2847:(1854–1857, Liszt)
2751:(1951, Stravinsky)
2558:The Damnation Game
2293:in popular culture
2283:Johann Georg Faust
1573:2015-10-01 at the
1464:, pp. 303–305
1409:In popular culture
1337:Giuseppe Filianoti
1122:Montserrat Caballé
1052:Giacinto Prandelli
1038:Cat: 0927 40350-2
902:Cast: Mefistofele,
868:
830:
826:Vienna Court Opera
805:
783:
759:
702:Luigi Alessandrini
555:Gerolamo Spallazzi
507:Cast, 5 March 1868
483:
454:'s performance of
417:as Margherita and
358:Metropolitan Opera
242:Milan Conservatory
3465:
3464:
3318:
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3049:Rapsodia satanica
2996:
2995:
2966:Bohemian Rhapsody
2839:(1906–07, Mahler)
2230:
2229:
2017:Harewood, Earl of
1996:Ashbrook, William
1939:Ashbrook, William
1645:, 4 October 1875"
1406:
1405:
1323:Cat: B000HT1WQ0
1265:Vincenzo La Scola
1198:Stefka Evstatieva
1158:Luciano Pavarotti
1056:Orietta Moscucci
960:Cat: 8.110273-74
828:, March 18, 1882)
773:Scene 2, The Pact
728:
727:
677:Helen's companion
448:COVID-19 pandemic
362:Royal Opera House
286:piano–vocal score
234:
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106:Teatro alla Scala
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2945:Cross Road Blues
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2852:Mephisto Waltzes
2832:(1853, Schumann)
2810:(1814, Schubert)
2724:Faust up to Date
2494:None but Lucifer
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1400:2 DVDs: EuroArts
1386:Patricia Racette
1376:Ildar Abdrazakov
1353:Stefano Ranzani
1350:
1289:Cat: 8985334942
1251:Cat: B0000026QH
1191:Nicola Ghiuselev
1153:Nicolai Ghiaurov
1082:Mario Del Monaco
1066:CD: EMI Classics
1036:CD: Warner Fonit
1031:
987:
945:Lorenzo Molajoli
936:
928:Antonio Melandri
896:
895:
834:Witches' Sabbath
664:Giuseppina Flory
539:Romano Nannetti
488:
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415:Patricia Racette
407:Ildar Abdrazakov
354:Feodor Chaliapin
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3400:(comics) (1968)
3369:
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3287:
3275:Printer's Devil
3255:
3081:Alias Nick Beal
2992:
2980:Faustian Echoes
2925:
2920:The Black Rider
2874:
2860:Gothic Symphony
2799:Classical music
2794:
2778:
2687:(1846, Berlioz)
2663:
2657:Il Dottor Faust
2604:
2389:
2382:Faust, Part Two
2375:Faust, Part One
2345:(1587 chapbook)
2329:
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2165:
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2069:: Ricordi. n.d.
2059:
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2023:(eds.) (1997),
1992:
1990:Further reading
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1732:. Naxos Records
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1624:, 5 March 1868"
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1589:(in Portuguese)
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1575:Wayback Machine
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1303:
1302:Alberto Cupido,
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1241:Hungarian Opera
1235:
1233:Giuseppe Patanè
1226:
1223:Plácido Domingo
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1195:Kaludi Kaludov,
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648:Carlo Casarini
629:Carlo Casarini
564:Italo Campanini
516:
508:
484:
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388:Barbican Centre
384:The Royal Opera
373:Tito Capobianco
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250:classical music
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3398:Doctor Faustus
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3249:The Last Faust
3245:
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2938:Mephisto Polka
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2904:The Black Halo
2900:
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2848:
2844:Faust Symphony
2840:
2837:Symphony No. 8
2833:
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2818:(1840, Wagner)
2815:Faust Overture
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2756:Reuben, Reuben
2752:
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2736:
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2708:Le petit Faust
2704:
2696:
2695:(1859, Gounod)
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2598:The Last Faust
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2526:Gimmicks Three
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2502:Doktor Faustus
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2080:External links
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2040:(ed.) (1997),
2035:
2021:Antony Peattie
2014:
2000:Holden, Amanda
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1784:. EMI Classics
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1449:(1997), p. 415
1447:Sadie, Stanley
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1402:Cat: 2059678
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1313:Oper Frankfurt
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494:First version
492:
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433:Theatro da Paz
377:Norman Treigle
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335:Teatro Rossini
328:Richard Wagner
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2940:" (1859–1885)
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2790:Faust ballets
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2038:Sadie Stanley
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2033:0-09-181410-3
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2012:0-14-029312-4
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1981:0-394-56096-5
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1514:operawire.com
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1474:Borovsky 1988
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1462:Ashbrook 1998
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1281:
1276:
1275:Riccardo Muti
1273:
1271:
1266:
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1249:
1245:
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1234:
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1224:
1219:
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1212:
1207:CD: Capriccio
1206:
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1199:
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1189:
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1176:
1174:
1169:
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1163:Mirella Freni
1159:
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1024:
1023:Angelo Questa
1021:
1019:
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999:Cat: 500 330
996:
992:
989:
985:
980:
975:
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964:
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957:
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946:
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929:
924:
921:
918:
917:
913:
908:
901:
898:
897:
889:
880:
877:
876:Helen of Troy
873:
864:
855:
852:
842:
839:
835:
827:
823:
822:Wilhelm Gause
818:
814:
813:
809:
801:
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787:
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764:
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741:
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669:
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652:
651:
647:
644:
641:
639:
637:
636:a Greek elder
633:
632:
628:
625:
623:
620:
618:
617:Faust's pupil
614:
613:
609:
606:
603:
601:
598:
595:
594:Helen of Troy
591:
590:
587:
584:
581:
578:
575:
573:
572:a simple girl
569:
568:
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562:
560:
557:
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549:
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370:
367:In 1969, the
365:
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331:
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324:
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307:
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289:
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270:Italian opera
267:
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183:This section
181:
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36:
32:
27:
22:
3431:
3412:
3404:
3389:
3380:
3361:
3353:
3345:
3337:
3331:Damn Yankees
3329:
3306:
3298:
3247:
3239:
3231:
3223:
3215:
3207:
3199:
3191:
3183:
3175:
3167:
3159:
3151:
3143:
3135:
3127:
3119:
3113:Damn Yankees
3111:
3103:
3095:
3087:
3079:
3071:
3063:
3055:
3047:
3039:
3031:
3023:
3015:
3007:
2918:
2911:
2902:
2895:
2866:
2858:
2850:
2842:
2827:
2813:
2805:
2770:
2762:
2754:
2746:
2738:
2732:Doktor Faust
2730:
2727:(1888, Lutz)
2722:
2719:(1855, Lutz)
2714:
2706:
2699:
2698:
2690:
2682:
2674:
2655:
2647:
2639:
2631:
2625:Damn Yankees
2623:
2615:
2596:
2588:
2580:
2572:
2564:
2556:
2548:
2540:
2532:
2524:
2516:
2508:
2500:
2492:
2477:
2469:
2461:
2453:
2445:
2437:
2429:
2414:
2380:
2373:
2370:(1808 play)
2366:
2361:(1602, play)
2356:
2348:
2340:
2202:
2194:
2186:
2178:
2157:
2150:
2149:
2134:Arrigo Boito
2091:
2073:Google Books
2066:
2061:
2050:
2041:
2024:
2003:
1971:
1950:
1942:
1931:
1930:
1918:. Retrieved
1912:
1902:
1890:. Retrieved
1883:
1876:
1864:. Retrieved
1857:
1850:
1838:. Retrieved
1831:
1824:
1812:. Retrieved
1805:
1798:
1786:. Retrieved
1779:
1772:
1760:. Retrieved
1753:
1746:
1734:. Retrieved
1727:
1720:
1711:
1705:
1696:
1687:
1678:
1656:
1649:(in Italian)
1642:
1635:
1628:(in Italian)
1621:
1614:
1605:
1594:
1582:
1563:
1551:
1540:
1529:
1517:. Retrieved
1513:
1507:
1499:
1490:
1481:
1469:
1442:
1434:
1433:
1425:
1413:
1412:
1381:Ramón Vargas
1298:Mark S. Doss
1286:RCA Red Seal
1260:Samuel Ramey
1218:Samuel Ramey
1202:Ivan Marinov
1141:EMI Classics
1127:Julius Rudel
1077:Cesare Siepi
1060:Vittorio Gui
979:Rosetta Noli
974:Gianni Poggi
886:
869:
848:
831:
811:
810:
806:
794:
793:
784:
772:
771:
760:
748:
747:
739:
721:
713:
694:
676:
654:
635:
616:
571:
570:Margherita,
545:
473:Olga Busuioc
464:
459:
455:
445:
440:
430:
423:
419:Ramón Vargas
410:
398:
396:
392:Samuel Ramey
381:
366:
348:
332:
320:
308:
300:
297:19th century
283:
276:
274:
245:
235:
220:
211:
196:Please help
184:
160:
152:Arrigo Boito
118:
117:
116:
39:Arrigo Boito
3525:1875 operas
3520:1868 operas
2892:Epica Saga
2879:Other music
2835:Part II of
2700:Mefistofele
2474:(1929–1940)
2353:(1592 play)
2325:Stingy Jack
2300:Simon Magus
2271:Folk legend
2188:La Gioconda
2151:Mefistofele
2092:Mefistofele
1998:(2001), in
1943:Mefistofele
1884:Mefistofele
1858:Mefistofele
1832:Mefistofele
1814:4 September
1806:Mefistofele
1788:4 September
1780:Mefistofele
1762:4 September
1754:Mefistofele
1736:4 September
1728:Mefistofele
1712:Mefistofele
1643:Mefistofele
1622:Mefistofele
1508:Mefistofele
1476:, p. .
1421:Bruce Wayne
1367:Cat: 33581
1345: [
1209:Cat:C51186
1068:Cat: 65655
1026: [
1008:Giulio Neri
982: [
969:Giulio Neri
931: [
906:Margherita
525:Mefistofele
517:Conductor:
512:Voice type
465:Mefistofele
456:Mefistofele
446:Due to the
441:Mefistofele
411:Mefistofele
399:Mefistofele
303:avant-garde
246:Mefistofele
119:Mefistofele
29:Mefistofele
3494:Categories
3414:Frau Faust
3260:Television
3233:Goat Story
3209:Fausto 5.0
3177:Crossroads
2649:Temptation
2582:Jack Faust
1866:12 October
1862:. HR Musik
1840:30 January
1519:9 November
1430:References
1359:, Palermo
1228:Éva Marton
892:Recordings
707:(no role)
675:Pantalis,
503:Voice type
421:as Faust.
214:March 2020
149:librettist
98:1868-03-05
63:Librettist
3439:Paintings
3382:Gods' Man
3193:Bedazzled
3129:Bedazzled
2365:Goethe's
2358:Cenodoxus
1972:Chaliapin
1941:(1998). "
1914:Kyiv Post
1830:"Boito –
1804:"Boito –
1778:"Boito –
1752:"Boito –
1726:"Boito –
909:Conductor
767:Frankfurt
686:contralto
683:(no role)
667:contralto
660:contralto
642:(no role)
546:a scholar
244:in 1861.
185:does not
3457:Category
3407:(comics)
3347:Success!
3323:Musicals
3284:" (2003)
3277:" (1963)
3267:Episodes
3153:Mephisto
2989:" (2015)
2982:" (2012)
2975:" (1979)
2968:" (1975)
2961:" (1970)
2954:" (1968)
2947:" (1936)
2617:Gretchen
2489:" (1937)
2479:Mephisto
2426:" (1824)
2402:Bearskin
2310:Erdgeist
2204:Falstaff
2171:Libretti
2086:Libretto
1892:3 August
1882:"Boito:
1856:"Boito:
1673:lacking.
1571:Archived
1280:La Scala
952:, Milan
950:La Scala
883:Epilogue
736:Prologue
731:Synopsis
723:warriors
615:Wagner,
551:baritone
312:baritone
266:libretto
238:Faustian
156:La Scala
145:composer
141:epilogue
137:prologue
131:) is an
90:Premiere
79:Based on
71:Language
3392:(manga)
2871:(Liszt)
2863:(Brian)
2855:(Liszt)
2783:Ballets
2215:Related
2094:(Boito)
2002:(ed.),
1949:(ed.).
1932:Sources
1920:14 June
1243:Chorus
851:draught
838:Brocken
836:on the
808:girls.
653:Marta,
634:Nereo,
607:soprano
600:soprano
592:Elena (
582:soprano
576:soprano
544:Faust,
390:, with
375:, with
323:Bologna
258:version
206:removed
191:sources
108:, Milan
96: (
74:Italian
3530:Operas
3470:Portal
3417:(2014)
3409:(1987)
3394:(1950)
3385:(1929)
3374:Comics
3366:(2004)
3358:(2003)
3350:(1993)
3342:(1995)
3334:(1955)
3311:(2019)
3303:(1978)
3252:(2019)
3244:(2011)
3236:(2008)
3228:(2007)
3220:(2002)
3212:(2001)
3204:(2000)
3196:(2000)
3188:(1994)
3180:(1986)
3172:(1984)
3164:(1982)
3156:(1981)
3148:(1969)
3140:(1967)
3132:(1967)
3124:(1960)
3116:(1958)
3108:(1955)
3100:(1950)
3092:(1949)
3084:(1949)
3076:(1941)
3068:(1926)
3060:(1926)
3052:(1915)
3044:(1913)
3036:(1904)
3028:(1903)
3020:(1900)
3012:(1897)
2886:Albums
2775:(2006)
2767:(1994)
2759:(1955)
2743:(1938)
2668:Operas
2660:(2018)
2652:(1986)
2644:(1965)
2636:(1955)
2628:(1955)
2620:(1879)
2601:(2019)
2593:(2009)
2585:(1997)
2577:(1991)
2569:(1990)
2561:(1986)
2553:(1966)
2545:(1958)
2537:(1956)
2529:(1956)
2521:(1954)
2513:(1951)
2505:(1947)
2497:(1939)
2482:(1936)
2466:(1898)
2458:(1896)
2450:(1892)
2442:(1844)
2439:Auriol
2434:(1830)
2419:(1820)
2207:(1893)
2199:(1887)
2196:Otello
2191:(1876)
2183:(1865)
2180:Amleto
2162:(1924)
2159:Nerone
2154:(1868)
2142:Operas
2067:et al.
2031:
2010:
1978:
1959:
1945:". In
914:Label
904:Faust,
763:Easter
460:Faust
450:, the
254:Goethe
85:legend
57:, 1881
3484:Opera
3405:Faust
3390:Faust
3355:Faust
3292:Other
3241:Faust
3185:Faust
3121:Faust
3065:Faust
3001:Films
2930:Songs
2897:Epica
2692:Faust
2676:Faust
2609:Plays
2394:Prose
2367:Faust
2278:Faust
1435:Notes
1372:2014
1349:]
1328:2008
1321:Musik
1294:2004
1256:1996
1214:1988
1187:1985
1179:Decca
1149:1982
1108:1973
1100:Decca
1073:1958
1043:1956
1030:]
1004:1954
986:]
965:1952
956:Naxos
935:]
919:1931
899:Year
858:Act 4
845:Act 3
790:Act 2
744:Act 1
645:tenor
626:tenor
621:tenor
559:tenor
491:Role
479:Roles
463:from
437:Belém
316:tenor
314:to a
278:Faust
135:in a
133:opera
83:Faust
66:Boito
35:Opera
2566:Eric
2029:ISBN
2019:and
2008:ISBN
1976:ISBN
1957:ISBN
1922:2006
1894:2018
1868:2011
1842:2012
1816:2010
1790:2010
1764:2010
1738:2010
1521:2018
1362:DVD:
1317:CD:
1284:CD:
1248:Sony
1246:CD:
1239:and
1177:CD:
1139:CD:
1133:and
1098:CD:
699:bass
536:bass
529:bass
351:bass
284:The
189:any
187:cite
3425:Art
435:in
409:as
397:As
256:'s
200:by
53:by
37:by
3496::
1911:.
1665:^
1512:.
1489:.
1454:^
1347:it
1319:HR
1028:ca
984:it
933:it
874:.
413:,
330:.
318:.
3472::
3280:"
3273:"
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2978:"
2971:"
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2957:"
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2249:t
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1984:.
1965:.
1924:.
1896:.
1886:"
1870:.
1860:"
1844:.
1834:"
1818:.
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1792:.
1782:"
1766:.
1756:"
1740:.
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1523:.
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1493:.
1383:,
1378:,
1339:,
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1267:,
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221:(
216:)
212:(
208:.
194:.
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122:(
100:)
23:.
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