430:, the Patriarchal Vicar for the See of Alexandria, Cairo and the Sudan. The vicar opposed the acceptance of the status of a Roman cardinal by the Melkite patriarch, on the grounds that "the leader of an Eastern Catholic church should not hold a subordinate Latin-rite office" and in protest of Patriarch Maximos' acceptance Zoghby resigned as vicar. The patriarch gave a speech on 14 March 1965, clarifying his reasons for accepting and how the Pope Paul's decree altered the nature of the College of Cardinals: it was no longer just an institution within the Latin Church but was now the senate of the entire Catholic Church and an Eastern Catholic Patriarch who became a cardinal was no longer accepting a subordinate position in the clergy of the Latin church. It was now a way for the Pope to extend to the Eastern Patriarchs an additional role in helping him govern the universal church.
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churches and successors to their respective apostolic sees only subordinate to the Roman
Pontiff but were not subordinate to the cardinals whose position was that of being members of the principal clergy of the diocese of Rome. Patriarch Maximos IV also argued that the rank of patriarch being only subordinate to the pope had been repeatedly confirmed by past ecumenical councils and never explicitly revoked by any pope. As such it would be inappropriate for him or other Eastern Catholic Patriarchs to accept the rank of cardinal which implied being made a titular member of the Latin Church with a subordinate clerical rank as opposed to their being leaders of their respective churches and successors to their respective apostolic sees united under the leadership of the Supreme Pontiff.
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same time, by our example, we must enable the
Orthodox Church to recognize that a union with the great Church of the West, with the See of Peter, can be achieved without being compelled to give up Orthodoxy or any of the spiritual treasures of the apostolic and patristic East, which is opened toward the future no less to the past.
441:
In
October 1966 he received medical treatment at the Curie foundation in Paris for a tumor on his left eyelid. His health deteriorated upon his return to Damascus, and on 8 October 1967 Maximos traveled to Beirut for further cancer treatment. He died on 5 November 1967 in Beirut at the age of 89. He
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On 22 November 1965, he was assigned the church of Santa Maria in
Cosmedin for religious celebrations while he was in Rome. He was not assigned the Roman deaconry title associated with the church as he would have been were he not an Eastern Patriarch. The title of cardinal-deacon of Santa Maria in
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in
February 1965. Previously he had refused three times the honor on the grounds that "for a Patriarch to accept a cardinalate is treason". Patriarch Maximos IV's objections were rooted in history and ecclesiology: he argued that the Patriarchs of the Eastern Churches were heads of their respective
388:
Christ offered the first
Eucharistic Sacrifice in a language which could be understood by all who heard him, namely, Aramaic. … Never could the idea have come to them that in a Christian gathering the celebrant should read the texts of Holy Scripture, sing psalms, preach or break bread, and at the
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would belong to the order of cardinal-bishops, ranked after the suburbicarian cardinal-bishops; that they would not be part of the Roman clergy and would not be assigned any Roman suburbicarian diocese, church or deaconry; that their sees as cardinals would be their patriarchal see. Pope Paul VI's
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We have, therefore, a twofold mission to accomplish within the
Catholic Church. We must fight to ensure that Latinism and Catholicism are not synonymous, that Catholicism remains open to every culture, every spirit, and every form of organization compatible with the unity of faith and love. At the
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same time use a language different from that of the community gathered there … because this language was spoken by the faithful of that time, Greek was abandoned in favor of Latin. … Why, then, should the Roman Church cease to apply the same principle today?
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Speaking at the
Council on the matter of indulgences, he noted that "the practice of indulgences too often favors in the faithful a sort of pious bookkeeping in which one forgets what is essential, namely, the sacred and personal effort of penance".
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As a participant in
Vatican II, Patriarch Maximos spoke forcefully against the latinization of the Eastern Catholic churches, and urged a greater receptivity to the eastern Christian traditions, especially in the area of ecclesiology. He stated that
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Following an old tradition of the more-than-900-year-old Order of
Knighthood, founded in Jerusalem to take care of lepers in the Hospital St. Lazare, he was the Spiritual Protector of the international ecumenical
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confirmed the rule that Eastern Catholic Patriarchs made cardinals would have their patriarchal sees as the sees assigned to them as cardinals in the Code of Canon Law of 1983.
361:. There he championed the Eastern tradition of Christianity and won a great deal of respect from Eastern Orthodox observers at the council and the approbation of the
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decree satisfied many of the concerns of Patriarch Maximos and he accepted his elevation to the rank of cardinal. He was created
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Also at Vatican II, Patriarch Maximos successfully advocated use of vernacular languages for liturgical services, noting that:
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423:-bishop patriarch in the consistory of 22 February 1965 and received the red biretta on 25 February 1965.
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Melkites: Greek Orthodox and Greek Catholics of the Patriarchates of Antioch, Alexandria and Jerusalem
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clarified the significance of that title in the case of an Eastern
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Patriarch of Antioch and All the East, and Alexandria and Jerusalem
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Melkite Greek Catholic Patriarchate of Antioch and All the East
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The Synod of Bishops of the Melkite Church elected Maximos
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Head of the Melkite Greek Catholic Church from 1947 to 1967
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Military and Hospitaller Order of St. Lazarus of Jerusalem
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from 1947 until his death in 1967. One of the fathers of
608:. The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church. Archived from
582:. The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church. Archived from
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decreed that Eastern Patriarchs who are elevated to the
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Melkite Greek Catholic Archeparchy of Beirut and Byblos
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on 30 October 1947, succeeding the recently deceased
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741:Official Website of the Melkite Church in the US
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258:; 10 April 1878 – 5 November 1967) was a Syrian
710:Maximos IV at Vatican II: A Quest for Autonomy
670:Maximos IV at Vatican II: A Quest for Autonomy
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783:Melkite Greek Catholic Patriarchs of Antioch
426:The patriarch's acceptance was protested by
298:Massimo Sayegh was born on 10 April 1878 in
402:Patriarch Maximos IV accepted the title of
314:. His co-consecrators were Ignatius Homsi,
788:Participants in the Second Vatican Council
747:Melkite Ambassadors Young Adult Website
353:Participation in Second Vatican Council
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707:
667:
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363:Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople
357:Patriarch Maximos IV took part in the
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631:1983 Code of Canon Law - Canon 350 §3
533:"Maximos IV Cardinal Saigh, S.M.S.P."
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672:. Boston: Sophia Press. p. 69.
310:and consecrated eparch by patriarch
39:Patriarch (Melkite Greek) of Antioch
729:L'Église Melkite/The Melkite Church
278:churches. He accepted the title of
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434:Cosmedin was retained by Cardinal
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819:
808:Eastern Catholic bishops in Syria
803:Cardinals created by Pope Paul VI
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318:of Tarsus dei Greco-Melchiti and
712:. Roslindale, MA.: Sophia Press.
701:. Roslindale, MA.: Sophia Press.
798:Syrian Melkite Greek Catholics
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793:Religious leaders from Aleppo
580:"SAIGH, M.S.S.P., Maximos IV"
461:Melkite Greek Catholic Church
268:Melkite Greek Catholic Church
121:Archbishop of Tyr (1919–1933)
49:Melkite Greek Catholic Church
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397:
10:
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708:Murphy, Gerasimos (2011).
668:Murphy, Gerasimos (2011).
337:. His confirmation by the
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735:Melkite Catholic Web Ring
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537:Catholic-Hierarchy.org
498:Ad Purpuratorum Patrum
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359:Second Vatican Council
272:Second Vatican Council
262:prelate who served as
410:On 11 February 1965,
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341:was on 21 June 1948.
25:His Eminent Beatitude
612:on 21 September 2013
496:Via the motu propio
466:Patriarch of Antioch
416:College of Cardinals
331:Patriarch of Antioch
519:Specific references
335:Cyril IX Moghabghab
91:Cyril IX Moghabghab
691:General references
304:archbishop of Tyre
679:978-0-615-56974-1
643:"webdept.fiu.edu"
586:on 4 January 2014
540:. David M. Cheney
509:Pope John Paul II
477:Gregory III Laham
442:was succeeded by
436:Francesco Roberti
324:Beirut and Byblos
252:Maximos IV Sayegh
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143:17 September 1905
29:Maximos IV Sayegh
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778:Syrian cardinals
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479:, late Patriarch
312:Demetrius I Qadi
276:Eastern Orthodox
244:Melkite Catholic
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182:Personal details
164:22 February 1965
161:Created cardinal
155:Demetrius I Qadi
115:Previous post(s)
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428:Elias Zoghby
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412:Pope Paul VI
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284:Pope Paul VI
255:
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240:Denomination
225:(1967-11-05)
168:Pope Paul VI
148:Consecration
74:21 June 1948
18:
773:1967 deaths
768:1878 births
473:, Patriarch
127:(1933–1947)
87:Predecessor
762:Categories
653:23 January
590:4 November
544:23 January
197:1878-04-10
140:Ordination
79:Term ended
288:patriarch
97:Successor
71:Installed
450:See also
421:cardinal
404:cardinal
398:Cardinal
339:Holy See
280:cardinal
260:Catholic
153:by
36:Cardinal
308:Lebanon
266:of the
234:Lebanon
63:Elected
58:Antioch
676:
616:27 May
300:Aleppo
230:Beirut
205:Aleppo
135:Orders
45:Church
484:Notes
256:Saïgh
674:ISBN
655:2016
618:2013
592:2013
546:2015
294:Life
254:(or
220:Died
187:Born
174:Rank
166:by
55:See
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