Eucharist - Knowledge

4504:"9.1 Concerning the thanksgiving give thanks thus: 9.2 First, concerning the cup: "We give thanks to you, our Father, For the holy vine of David your servant which you have revealed to us through Jesus your servant. To you be glory for ever". 9.3 And concerning the fragment: "We give thanks to you, our Father, For the life and knowledge, which you have revealed to us through Jesus your servant". But let no one eat or drink of your Eucharist, unless they have been baptized into the name of the Lord; for concerning this also the Lord has said, "Give not that which is holy to the dogs". 10.1 After you have had your fill, give thanks thus: 10.2 We give thanks to you holy Father for your holy Name which you have made to dwell in our hearts and for the knowledge, faith and immortality which you have revealed to us through Jesus your servant. To you be glory for ever. 10.3 You Lord almighty have created everything for the sake of your Name; you have given human beings food and drink to partake with enjoyment so that they might give thanks; but to us you have given the grace of spiritual food and drink and of eternal life through Jesus your servant. 10.4 Above all we give you thanks because you are mighty. To you be glory for ever. 10.5 Remember Lord your Church, to preserve it from all evil and to make it perfect in your love. And, sanctified, gather it from the four winds into your kingdom which you have prepared for it. Because yours is the power and the glory for ever. ..." 4123: 7373:

faith, nor only as a sign of our unity in faith, nor merely as an assurance of the forgiveness of sin. Even more, in this sacrament the Lutheran Christian receives the very body and blood of Christ precisely for the strengthening of faith, nor only as a sign of our unity in faith, nor merely as an assurance of the forgiveness of sin. Even more, in this sacrament the Lutheran Christian receives the very body and blood of Christ precisely for the strengthening of union of faith. The "real presence" of Christ in the Holy Sacrament is the means by which the union of faith, effected by God's Word and the sacrament of baptism, is strengthened and maintained. Intimate union with Christ, in other words, leads directly to the most intimate communion in his holy body and blood.

3189:, the Reformed tradition had long eschewed coming forward to receive communion, preferring to have the elements distributed throughout the congregation by the presbyters (elders) more in the style of a shared meal. Over the last half a century it is much more common in Presbyterian churches to have Holy Communion monthly or on a weekly basis. It is also becoming common to receive the elements by intinction (receiving a piece of consecrated bread or wafer, dipping it in the blessed wine, and consuming it). Wine and grape juice are both used, depending on the congregation. Most Reformed churches practice "open communion", i.e., all believers who are united to a church of like faith and practice, and who are not living in sin, would be allowed to join in the Sacrament. 2494: 90: 3925: 4022:, which summarized and clarified earlier declarations. The Catholic Church believes that the matter for the Eucharist must be wheaten bread and fermented wine from grapes: it holds that, if the gluten has been entirely removed, the result is not true wheaten bread. For celiacs, but not generally, it allows low-gluten bread. It also permits Holy Communion to be received under the form of either bread or wine alone, except by a priest who is celebrating Mass without other priests or as principal celebrant. Many Protestant churches offer communicants gluten-free alternatives to wheaten bread, usually in the form of a rice-based or other gluten-free wafer. 2234:, of which no one is allowed to partake but the man who believes that the things which we teach are true, and who has been washed with the washing that is for the remission of sins, and unto regeneration, and who is so living as Christ has enjoined. For not as common bread and common drink do we receive these; but in like manner as Jesus Christ our Saviour, having been made flesh by the Word of God, had both flesh and blood for our salvation, so likewise have we been taught that the food which is blessed by the prayer of His word, and from which our blood and flesh by transmutation are nourished, is the flesh and blood of that Jesus who was made flesh. 2892:

inner grace". The words of administration at communion allow for real presence or for a real but spiritual presence (Calvinist receptionism and virtualism). This concept was congenial to most Anglicans well into the 19th century. From the 1840s, the Tractarians reintroduced the idea of "the real presence" to suggest a corporeal presence, which could be done since the language of the BCP rite referred to the body and blood of Christ without details as well as referring to these as spiritual food at other places in the text. Both are found in the Latin and other rites, but in the former, a definite interpretation as corporeal is applied.

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half of verse 19 and all of verse 20 ("given for you poured out for you"), which are found in the vast majority of ancient witnesses to the text. If the shorter text is the original one, then Luke's account is independent of both that of Paul and that of Matthew/Mark. If the majority longer text comes from the author of the third gospel, then this version is very similar to that of Paul in 1 Corinthians, being somewhat fuller in its description of the early part of the Supper, particularly in making specific mention of a cup being blessed before the bread was broken.

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faith, nor only as a sign of our unity in faith, nor merely as an assurance of the forgiveness of sin. Even more, in this sacrament the Lutheran Christian receives the very body and blood of Christ precisely for the strengthening of the union of faith. The "real presence" of Christ in the Holy Sacrament is the means by which the union of faith, effected by God's Word and the sacrament of baptism, is strengthened and maintained. Intimate union with Christ, in other words, leads directly to the most intimate communion in his holy body and blood.

3138: 1441: 2634:. The flesh of that Passover sacrificial lamb was to be consumed by the family members. Any left overs were to be burned before daybreak so that none of the Passover Lamb's flesh remained. It is to be noted that only by marking the doorposts and lintel of one's home with the Blood of the Lamb were the members of the household saved from death. The consumption of the Lamb was not to save them but rather to give them energy for the journey of escape (Exodus = escape from slavery in Egypt) as was also true for the unleavened bread ( 2553: 2091:

that would lead to the cross, and his long discourse in response to some questions posed by his followers, in which he went on to speak of the importance of the unity of the disciples with him, with each other, and with God. Some would find in this unity and in the washing of the feet the deeper meaning of the Communion bread in the other three Gospels. In John 6:26–65, a long discourse is attributed to Jesus that deals with the subject of the living bread; John 6:51–59 also contains echoes of Eucharistic language.

4513:"14.1 But every Lord's day do ye gather yourselves together, and break bread, and give thanksgiving after having confessed your transgressions, that your sacrifice may be pure. 14.2. But let no one that is at variance with his fellow come together with you, until they be reconciled, that your sacrifice may not be profaned. 14.3. For this is that which was spoken by the Lord: In every place and time offer to me a pure sacrifice; for I am a great King, saith the Lord, and my name is wonderful among the nations." 2521:) while the appearances or "species" of the bread and wine remain unaltered (e.g. colour, taste, feel, and smell). This change is brought about in the eucharistic prayer through the efficacy of the word of Christ and by the action of the Holy Spirit. The Eucharistic presence of Christ begins at the moment of the consecration and endures as long as the Eucharistic species subsist, that is, until the Eucharist is digested, physically destroyed, or decays by some natural process (at which point, theologian 2865: 1640: 3841:. Some churches do not limit it to only members of the congregation, but to any people in attendance (regardless of Christian affiliation) who consider themselves to be Christian. Others require that the communicant be a baptized person, or a member of a church of that denomination or a denomination of "like faith and practice". Some Progressive Christian congregations offer communion to any individual who wishes to commemorate the life and teachings of Christ, regardless of religious affiliation. 3848:, the second-largest denomination in this movement. While The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (the largest of the LDS denominations) technically practice a closed communion, their official direction to local Church leaders (in Handbook 2, section 20.4.1, last paragraph) is as follows: "Although the sacrament is for Church members, the bishopric should not announce that it will be passed to members only, and nothing should be done to prevent nonmembers from partaking of it." 527: 3296: 2394:, attempting to present the common understanding of the Eucharist on the part of the generality of Christians, describes it as "essentially the sacrament of the gift which God makes to us in Christ through the power of the Holy Spirit", "Thanksgiving to the Father", "Anamnesis or Memorial of Christ", "the sacrament of the unique sacrifice of Christ, who ever lives to make intercession for us", "the sacrament of the body and blood of Christ, the sacrament of his 10912: 1159: 2008: 2671: 3908:, if offered, on the night before receiving communion. Furthermore, various pre-communion prayers have been composed, which many (but not all) Orthodox churches require or at least strongly encourage members to say privately before coming to the Eucharist. However, all this will typically vary from priest to priest and jurisdiction to jurisdiction, but abstaining from food and water for several hours beforehand is a fairly universal rule. 6716: 10901: 4041:(grape juice in which fermentation has begun but has been suspended without altering the nature of the juice), and it holds that "since Christ is sacramentally present under each of the species, communion under the species of bread alone makes it possible to receive all the fruit of Eucharistic grace. For pastoral reasons, this manner of receiving communion has been legitimately established as the most common form in the Latin rite." 2953: 2454:, according to the church the Eucharist is "the source and summit of the Christian life". "The other sacraments, and indeed all ecclesiastical ministries and works of the apostolate, are bound up with the Eucharist and are oriented toward it. For in the blessed Eucharist is contained the whole spiritual good of the Church, namely Christ himself, our Pasch." ("Pasch" is a word that sometimes means Easter, sometimes Passover.) 2439: 3036: 3679: 2118: 2549:) says "The Body of Christ" when administering the Host and "The Blood of Christ" when presenting the chalice, the communicant who receives either one receives Christ, whole and entire. "Christ is present whole and entire in each of the species and whole and entire in each of their parts, in such a way that the breaking of the bread does not divide Christ." 3265:, a founder of Methodism, said that it was the duty of Christians to receive the sacrament as often as possible. Methodists in the United States are encouraged to celebrate the Eucharist every Sunday, though it is typically celebrated on the first Sunday of each month, while a few go as long as celebrating quarterly (a tradition dating back to the days of 8820:. Although a standardized symptom rating scale is not yet applied worldwide, a recent study indicated that a decrease of the global symptom score higher than 50% after GFD can be regarded as confirmatory of NCGS (Table 1) . After the confirmation of NCGS diagnosis, according to the previously mentioned work-up, patients are advized to start with a GFD . 1884:" of the bread and wine at the altar, their consecration by the priest through prayer, and their reception by the congregation in Holy Communion. Among the many other terms used in the Catholic Church are "Holy Mass", "the Memorial of the Passion, Death and Resurrection of the Lord", the "Holy Sacrifice of the Mass", and the "Holy Mysteries". 3134:), the Eucharist is variously administered. The Calvinist view of the Sacrament sees a real presence of Christ in the supper which differs both from the objective ontological presence of the Catholic view, and from the real absence of Christ and the mental recollection of the memorialism of the Zwinglians and their successors. 2342:. They attribute the real presence of Jesus' living body to his word spoken in the Eucharist, and not to the faith of those receiving it. They also believe that "forgiveness of sins, life, and salvation" are given through the words of Christ in the Eucharist to those who believe his words ("given and shed for you"). 2475:"When the Church celebrates the Eucharist, she commemorates Christ's Passover, and it is made present the sacrifice Christ offered once for all on the cross remains ever present. The Eucharist is thus a sacrifice because it re-presents (makes present) the same and only sacrifice offered once for all on the cross" 3939: 3712:) wrote of the Eucharist "of which no one is allowed to partake but the man who believes that we teach are true, and who has been washed with the washing that is for the remission of sins and unto regeneration, and who is so living as Christ has enjoined." This was continued in the practice of dismissing the 3198: 4805:

By the late 1840s Anglo-Catholic interest in the revival of ritual had given new life to doctrinal debate over the nature of the Eucharist. Initially, 'the Tractarians were concerned only to exalt the importance of the sacrament and did not engage in doctrinal speculation'. Indeed they were generally

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In this "sacramental union", Lutherans taught, the body and blood of Christ are so truly united to the bread and wine of the Holy Communion that the two may be identified. They are at the same time body and blood, bread and wine. This divine food is given, more-over, not just for the strengthening of

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Some fear contagion through the handling involved in distributing the hosts to the communicants, even if they are placed on the hand rather than on the tongue. Accordingly, some churches use mechanical wafer dispensers or "pillow packs" (communion wafers with wine inside them). While these methods of

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In influenza epidemics, some churches suspend the giving wine at communion, for fear of spreading the disease. This is in full accord with Catholic Church belief that communion under the form of bread alone makes it possible to receive all the fruit of Eucharistic grace. However, the same measure has

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The Memorial, held after sundown, includes a sermon on the meaning and importance of the celebration and gathering, and includes the circulation of unadulterated red wine and unleavened bread (matzo). Jehovah's Witnesses believe that the bread represents Jesus' perfect body which he gave on behalf of

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are provided for various occasions, including communion of the sick and brief forms for occasions that call for greater brevity. Though the ritual is standardized, there is great variation amongst Methodist churches, from typically high-church to low-church, in the enactment and style of celebration.

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in celebration of the Lord's supper on a quarterly basis, to give proper time for reflection and inward consideration of one's own state and sin. Recently, Presbyterian and Reformed Churches have been considering whether to restore more frequent communion, including weekly communion in more churches,

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The bread and wine become the means by which the believer has real communion with Christ in his death and Christ's body and blood are present to the faith of the believer as really as the bread and wine are present to their senses but this presence is "spiritual", that is the work of the Holy Spirit.

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Christ gives his body and blood according to his promise to all who partake of the elements. When we eat and drink the bread and the wine of the Supper with expectant faith, we thereby have communion with the body and blood of our Lord and receive the forgiveness of sins, life, and salvation. In this

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The sacrifice of Christ and the sacrifice of the Eucharist are considered as one single sacrifice: "The victim is one and the same: the same now offers through the ministry of priests, who then offered himself on the cross; only the manner of offering is different." In the holy sacrifice of the Mass,

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This covenant, the blood of Christ, that is, the pouring forth of his blood as a sacrficial victim, at once procured and ratified; so that it stands firm to all truly penitent and contrite spirits who believe in him: and of this great truth, the Lord's Supper was the instituted sign and seal; and he

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judges to be sacramentally in the same position as these churches; and in grave and pressing need, such as danger of death, it allows the Eucharist to be administered also to individuals who do not belong to these churches but who share the Catholic Church's faith in the reality of the Eucharist and

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Communion practices and frequency vary among congregations. A typical practice is to have small cups of juice and plates of broken bread distributed to the seated congregation. In other congregations, communicants may proceed to the altar to receive the elements, then return to their seats. A widely

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itself has repeatedly refused to make official any definition of "the presence of Christ". Church authorities prefer to leave it a mystery while proclaiming the consecrated bread and wine to be "spiritual food" of "Christ's Most Precious Body and Blood"; the bread and wine are an "outward sign of an

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Risk of infectious disease transmission related to use of a common communion cup exists but it is low. No case of transmission of an infectious disease related to a common communion cup has ever been documented. Experimental studies have demonstrated that infectious diseases can be transmitted. The

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the Eucharist is only given to those who have come prepared to receive the life-giving body and blood. Therefore, in a manner to worthily receive, believers fast the night before the liturgy, from around 6pm or the conclusion of evening prayer, and remain fasting until they receive Holy Qurbana the

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Christians, but an individual's eligibility to participate depends on the views of each particular assembly. The service takes the form of non-liturgical, open worship with all male participants allowed to pray audibly and select hymns or readings. The breaking of bread itself typically consists of

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Both receptionism and virtualism assert the real presence. The former places emphasis on the recipient and the latter states "the presence" is confected by the power of the Holy Spirit but not in Christ's natural body. His presence is objective and does not depend on its existence from the faith of

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and only those who are in a state of grace, that is, without any mortal sin, can receive it. Based on 1 Corinthians 11:27–29, it affirms the following: "Anyone who is aware of having committed a mortal sin must not receive Holy Communion, even if he experiences deep contrition, without having first

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in 1215 spoke of the bread and wine as "transubstantiated" into the body and blood of Christ: "His body and blood are truly contained in the sacrament of the altar under the forms of bread and wine, the bread and wine having been transubstantiated, by God's power, into his body and blood". In 1551,

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They abstain from the Eucharist and from prayer, because they confess not the Eucharist to be the flesh of our Saviour Jesus Christ, which suffered for our sins, and which the Father, of His goodness, raised up again. Let that be deemed a proper Eucharist, which is either by the bishop, or by one

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In the Gospel of John, however, the account of the Last Supper does not mention Jesus taking bread and "the cup" and speaking of them as his body and blood; instead, it recounts other events: his humble act of washing the disciples' feet, the prophecy of the betrayal, which set in motion the events

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So Paul's use of the term "Lord's Supper" in reference to the Corinthian banquet is powerful and interesting; but to be an actual name for the Christian meal, rather than a meaningful phrase connected with an ephemeral rhetorical contrast, it would have to have some history, previous or subsequent.

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Jesus Christ is in the midst of the congregation as the crucified, risen, and returning Lord. Thus His once-brought sacrifice is also present in that its effect grants the individual access to salvation. In this way, the celebration of Holy Communion causes the partakers to repeatedly envision the

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In the synoptic Gospels, Mark 14:22–25, Matthew 26:26–29 and Luke 22:13–20 depict Jesus as presiding over the Last Supper prior to his crucifixion. The versions in Matthew and Mark are almost identical, but the Gospel of Luke presents a textual difference, in that a few manuscripts omit the second

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that served multiple churches). Communicants may receive standing, kneeling, or while seated. Gaining more wide acceptance is the practice of receiving by intinction (receiving a piece of consecrated bread or wafer, dipping it in the blessed wine, and consuming it). The most common alternative to

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Some Baptist churches are closed-Communionists (even requiring full membership in the local church congregation before partaking), with others being partially or fully open-Communionists. It is rare to find a Baptist church where the Lord's Supper is observed every Sunday; most observe monthly or

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In this "sacramental union," Lutherans thought, the body and blood of Christ are so united to the bread and wine of the Holy Communion that the two may be identified. They are at the same time body and blood, bread and wine. This divine food is given, more-over, not just for the strengthening of

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Holy Communion, of course, is a central act of worship for all Christians, and it should come as no surprise that it was also highly esteemed in the Moravian Church. Zinzendorf referred to it as the "most intimate of all connection with the person of the Saviour." The real presence of Christ was

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definitively declared: "Because Christ our Redeemer said that it was truly his body that he was offering under the species of bread, it has always been the conviction of the Church of God, and this holy Council now declares again that by the consecration of the bread and wine there takes place a

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Traditionally, the Eastern Orthodox church has required its members to have observed all church-appointed fasts (most weeks, this will be at least Wednesday and Friday) for the week prior to partaking of communion, and to fast from all food and water from midnight the night before. In addition,

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The Catholic Church sees as the main basis for this belief the words of Jesus himself at his Last Supper: the synoptic Gospels and Paul's recount that Jesus at the time of taking the bread and the cup said: "This is my body this is my blood." The Catholic understanding of these words, from the

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While an official movement exists in Lutheran congregations to celebrate Eucharist weekly, using formal rites very similar to the Catholic and "high" Anglican services, it was historically common for congregations to celebrate monthly or even quarterly. Even in congregations where Eucharist is

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1 Corinthians 11:23–25 gives the earliest recorded description of Jesus' Last Supper: "The Lord Jesus on the night when he was betrayed took bread, and when he had given thanks, he broke it and said, 'This is my body, which is for you. Do this in remembrance of me.'" The Greek word used in the

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and anti-Jewish ideology and violence. In medieval times, Jews were often depicted stabbing or in some other way physically harming communion wafers. These characterizations drew parallels to the idea that the Jews killed Christ; murdering this transubstantiation or "host" was thought of as a

6292: 2846:, prayer, consecration of the elements, distribution of the elements, partaking of the elements, and a benediction. Moravian Christians traditionally practice footwashing before partaking in the Lord's Supper, although in certain Moravian congregations, this rite is observed chiefly on 2196:

Take heed, then, to have but one Eucharist. For there is one flesh of our Lord Jesus Christ, and one cup to the unity of His blood; one altar; as there is one bishop, along with the presbytery and deacons, my fellow-servants: that so, whatsoever you do, you may do it according to

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accepted practice is for all to receive and hold the elements until everyone is served, then consume the bread and cup in unison. Usually, music is performed and Scripture such as the precise verses of Jesus speaking at the Last Supper is read during the receiving of the elements.

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believe that the body and blood of Christ are "truly and substantially present in, with, and under the forms" of the consecrated bread and wine (the elements), so that communicants eat and drink the body and blood of Christ himself as well as the bread and wine in the Eucharistic

2479:"it is Christ himself, the eternal high priest of the New Covenant who, acting through the ministry of the priests, offers the Eucharistic sacrifice. And it is the same Christ, really present under the species of bread and wine, who is the offering of the Eucharistic sacrifice." 3607:. This is because they believe that these are unnecessary for the living of a Christian life, and because in the opinion of Salvation Army founders William and Catherine Booth, the sacrament placed too much stress on outward ritual and too little on inward spiritual conversion. 2896:

the recipient. The liturgy petitions that elements "be" rather than "become" the body and blood of Christ leaving aside any theory of a change in the natural elements: bread and wine are the outer reality and "the presence" is the inner invisible except as perceived in faith.

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to stop the fermentation process the juice naturally undergoes and de-alcoholized wine from which most of the alcohol has been removed (between 0.5% and 2% remains) are commonly used, and more rarely water may be offered. Exclusive use of unfermented grape juice is common in

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doctrine, though this term is specifically rejected by Lutheran churches and theologians since it creates confusion about the actual doctrine and subjects the doctrine to the control of a non-biblical philosophical concept in the same manner as, in their view, does the term

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charges, with Jews being accused of murdering bodies of Christ, whether they be communion wafers or Christian children. The blood libel charges and the concept of Eucharist are also related in the belief that blood is efficacious, meaning it has some sort of divine power.

3088:, the Eucharist is more commonly called the Breaking of Bread or the Lord's Supper. They believe it is only a symbolic reenactment of the Last Supper and a memorial, and is central to the worship of both individual and assembly. In principle, the service is open to all 3900:

Orthodox Christians are to have made a recent confession to their priest (the frequency varying with one's particular priest), and they must be at peace with all others, meaning that they hold no grudges or anger against anyone. In addition, one is expected to attend

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The Methodists believe, that the covenant of grace has been administered and renewed in different ages of the world. Under the gospel, Christ the substance, prefigured by these shadows, being exhibited, the ordinances in and by which this covenant is dispensed, are

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who in faith drinks of the cup, having reference to its signification, that blood of Christ which confirms to true believers the whole covenant of grace, is assured thereby of its faithfulness and permanence, and derives to himself the fulness of its blessings.

1937:, in addition to the terms "Eucharist", "Mass" and "Holy Communion". Historically this refers (like the term "worship" itself) to service of God, although more recently it has been associated with the idea that God is serving the congregants in the liturgy. 3532:

mankind, and that the wine represents his perfect blood which he shed to redeem fallen man from inherited sin and death. The wine and the bread (sometimes referred to as "emblems") are viewed as symbolic and commemorative; the Witnesses do not believe in

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and the Eucharist. Most scholars date it to the late 1st century, and distinguish in it two separate Eucharistic traditions, the earlier tradition in chapter 10 and the later one preceding it in chapter 9. The Eucharist is mentioned again in chapter 14.

1767:) appears in various related forms five times in the New Testament in contexts which, according to some, may refer to the celebration of the Eucharist, in either closer or symbolically more distant reference to the Last Supper. This term is used by the 6296: 1683:. Others, such as the Catholic Church, do not formally use this term for the rite, but instead mean by it the act of partaking of the consecrated elements; they speak of receiving Holy Communion at Mass or outside of it, they also use the term 4147:

distributing communion are not generally accepted in Catholic parishes, one parish provides a mechanical dispenser to allow those intending to commune to place in a bowl, without touching them by hand, the hosts for use in the celebration.

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The Catholic Church believes that grape juice that has not begun even minimally to ferment cannot be accepted as wine, which it sees as essential for celebration of the Eucharist. For non-alcoholics, but not generally, it allows the use of

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in orientation. The Anglican churches do not adhere to the belief that the Lord's Supper is merely a devotional reflection on Christ's death. For some Anglicans, Christ is spiritually present in the fullness of his person in the Eucharist.

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Seventh-day Adventists Believe: An exposition of the fundamental beliefs of the Seventh-day Adventist Church. 2nd edition, 2005. Copyright Ministeral Association, General Conference of Seventh-day Adventists. Chapter 16: The Lord's

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quarterly, with some holding Communion only during a designated Communion service or following a worship service. Adults and children in attendance who have not made a profession of faith in Christ are expected to not participate.

2728:, a variety of anaphoras are used, but all are similar in structure to those of the Constantinopolitan Rite, in which the Anaphora of Saint John Chrysostom is used most days of the year; Saint Basil's is offered on the Sundays of 2692:) or similar names in other rites. It comprises two main divisions: the first is the "Liturgy of the Catechumens" which consists of introductory litanies, antiphons and scripture readings, culminating in a reading from one of the 7705:: which ordinances, though fewer in number, and administered with more simplicity, and less external glory, yet hold forth this covenant in greater fulness, evidence, and spiritual efficacy to all nations, both Jews and Gentiles. 7440: 2137:

with which the Eucharist was originally associated. The Agape feast is mentioned in Jude 12 but "The Lord's Supper" is now commonly used in reference to a celebration involving no food other than the sacramental bread and wine.

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change of the whole substance of the bread into the substance of the body of Christ and of the whole substance of the wine into the substance of his blood. This change the holy Catholic Church has fittingly and properly called

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of the bread and wine as the genuine body and blood of Christ is specifically requested, but since the anaphora as a whole is considered a unitary (albeit lengthy) prayer, no one moment within it can readily be singled out.

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of the Moravian Church, stated that Holy Communion is the "most intimate of all connection with the person of the Saviour." The Order of Service for the observance of the Lord's Supper includes a salutation, hymns, the

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is exposed to and adored by the faithful. When this exposure and adoration is constant (twenty-four hours a day), it is called "Perpetual Adoration". In a parish, this is usually done by volunteer parishioners; in a

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one leavened loaf, which is prayed over and broken by a participant in the meeting and then shared around. The wine is poured from a single container into one or several vessels, and these are again shared around.

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in affirming that the Eucharist contains the true, historical body of Jesus Christ. According to Paschasius, God is truth itself, and therefore, his words and actions must be true. Christ's proclamation at the

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authors onward, has emphasized their roots in the covenantal history of the Old Testament. The interpretation of Christ's words against this Old Testament background coheres with and supports belief in the

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and Doctrine and Covenants. The prayer contains the above essentials given by Jesus: "Always remember him, and keep his commandments that they may always have his Spirit to be with them." (Moroni, 4:3.)

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specifies, on days during which Holy Communion is celebrated, that "Upon entering the church let the communicants bow in prayer and in the spirit of prayer and meditation approach the Blessed Sacrament."

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There is no standard frequency; John Calvin desired weekly communion, but the city council only approved monthly, and monthly celebration has become the most common practice in Reformed churches today.

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state that he commanded them to "do this in memory of me" while referring to the bread as "my body" and the cup of wine as "the blood of my covenant, which is poured out for many". According to the

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considering that infrequent communion was derived from a memorialist view of the Lord's Supper, rather than Calvin's view of the sacrament as a means of grace. Some churches use bread without any

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as unleavened bread (although leavened bread is often used) and, in line with the historical stance of some Baptist groups (since the mid-19th century) against partaking of alcoholic beverages,

2805:. In the more modern groups, Communion is only the serving of the Lord's Supper. In the communion meal, the members of the Mennonite churches renew their covenant with God and with each other. 2083:—which is otherwise unknown in Classical Greek literature—was interpreted by some early Christian writers as meaning "super-substantial", and hence a possible reference to the Eucharist as the 8492: 8146: 7868: 3639:

do not observe physical communion with bread and wine, but spiritual communion at two special Sunday services each year by "uniting together with Christ in silent prayer and on bended knee".

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Some Protestant churches allow communion in a non-alcoholic form, either normatively or as a pastoral exception. Since the invention of the necessary technology, grape juice which has been

2700:; the second is the "Liturgy of the Faithful" in which the Eucharist is offered, consecrated, and received as Holy Communion. Within the latter, the actual Eucharistic prayer is called the 2472:, "The Eucharist is the very sacrifice of the Body and Blood of the Lord Jesus which he instituted to perpetuate the sacrifice of the cross throughout the ages until his return in glory." 2968:, which they commonly refer to simply as "the Cup". The unleavened bread also underscores the symbolic belief attributed to Christ's breaking the bread and saying that it was his body. A 1045: 3558:, the "Holy Sacrament of the Lord's Supper", more simply referred to as the Sacrament, is administered every Sunday (except General Conference or other special Sunday meeting) in each 7437: 4135:. A study of 681 individuals found that taking communion up to daily from a common cup did not increase the risk of infection beyond that of those who did not attend services at all. 3603:

does not reject the Eucharistic practices of other churches or deny that their members truly receive grace through this sacrament, it does not practice the sacraments of Communion or

4603:

In most United Church of Christ local churches, the Communion Table is "open to all Christians who wish to know the presence of Christ and to share in the community of God's people".

8400: 3739:

under normal circumstances. However, the Catholic Church allows administration of the Eucharist, at their spontaneous request, to properly disposed members of the eastern churches (

2597:

Since the Eucharist is the body and blood of Christ, "the worship due to the sacrament of the Eucharist, whether during the celebration of the Mass or outside it, is the worship of

8786:

Volta U, Caio G, De Giorgio R, Henriksen C, Skodje G, Lundin KE (June 2015). "Non-celiac gluten sensitivity: a work-in-progress entity in the spectrum of wheat-related disorders".

4806:

hostile to the doctrine of transubstantiation. For an orthodox Anglo-Catholic such as Dyce the doctrine of the Real Presence was acceptable, but that of transubstantiation was not.

2316:

teach that the reality (the "substance") of the elements of bread and wine is wholly changed into the body and blood of Jesus Christ, while the appearances (the "species") remain.

2059:

does not reference the Last Supper explicitly, some argue that it contains theological allusions to the early Christian celebration of the Eucharist, especially in the chapter 6

7421: 3528:" also benefit from the ransom sacrifice, and are respectful observers and viewers of the Lord's Supper, but they hope to obtain everlasting life in Paradise restored on earth. 9699: 6722: 6404: 3690:, the administration of the Eucharist to children requires that they have sufficient knowledge and careful preparation to receive the body of Christ with faith and devotion. 1609:

When you come together, it is not the Lord's Supper you eat, for as you eat, each of you goes ahead without waiting for anybody else. One remains hungry, another gets drunk.

8217: 3794:

Some use the term "close communion" for restriction to members of the same denomination, and "closed communion" for restriction to members of the local congregation alone.

3213:

with his worshipping people and gives himself to them as their Lord and Saviour". Methodist theology of this sacrament is reflected in one of the fathers of the movement,

3484:

is practised: all who have committed their lives to the Saviour may participate. The communion service must be conducted by an ordained pastor, minister or church elder.

8383: 3250:, non-alcoholic wine (grape juice) is used, so as to include those who do not take alcohol for any reason, as well as a commitment to the Church's historical support of 4556:

For example, Catholics, Eastern Orthodox, Oriental Orthodox, "Anglo-Catholic" Anglicans, Old Catholics; and cf. the presentation of the Eucharist as a sacrament in the

4476:. "Oblation" and "Consecration" are of course used also by the Eastern Catholic Churches that are of the same liturgical tradition as these churches. Likewise, in the 4117: 7039: 4122: 2623:, the host, after the Rite of Consecration, is no longer bread, but is the Body, Blood, Soul, and Divinity of Christ. Catholics believe that Jesus is the sacrificial 10112: 2748:, and upon his feast day (1 January). At the conclusion of the Anaphora the bread and wine are held to be the body and blood of Christ. Unlike the Latin Church, the 1861:

or "go, it is sent", the very last phrase of the service. That Latin word has come to imply "mission" as well because the congregation is sent out to serve Christ.

8571: 6356: 3916:

Many Protestant congregations generally reserve a period of time for self-examination and private, silent confession just before partaking in the Lord's Supper.

2332:, the Body and Blood of Christ". The Orthodox use various terms such as transelementation, but no explanation is official as they prefer to leave it a mystery. 2264:

of the bread and wine offered in the Eucharist really occurs. Only if the Eucharist is the actual body and blood of Christ can a Christian know it is salvific.

3451:

humanity of Christ in the Lord's Supper." Additionally, the Irvingian Churches affirm the "real presence of the sacrifice of Jesus Christ in Holy Communion":

3072:

offered weekly, there is not a requirement that every church service be a Eucharistic service, nor that all members of a congregation must receive it weekly.

1620:

Nevertheless, given its existence in the biblical text, "Lord's Supper" came into use after the Protestant Reformation and remains the predominant term among

8996: 7097:

In the eighteenth century, the Moravians consistently promoted the Lutheran doctrine of the real presence, which they described as a "sacramental presence."

10147: 4044:

As already indicated, the one exception is in the case of a priest celebrating Mass without other priests or as principal celebrant. The water that in the

1501:

For I received from the Lord what I also delivered to you, that the Lord Jesus on the night when he was betrayed took bread, and when he had given thanks (

8246: 8816:

diagnosis is an objective improvement of gastrointestinal symptoms and extra-intestinal manifestations assessed through a rating scale before and after

7766: 6333: 3716:(those still undergoing instruction and not yet baptized) before the sacramental part of the liturgy, a custom which has left traces in the expression " 2545:

The church holds that the body and blood of Jesus can no longer be truly separated. Where one is, the other must be. Therefore, although the priest (or

1651:

celebrated by Jesus and his disciples. The early Christians too would have celebrated this meal to commemorate Jesus' death and subsequent resurrection.

9087: 2469: 2879:

Anglican theology on the matter of the Eucharist is nuanced. The Eucharist is neither wholly a matter of transubstantiation nor simply devotional and

6171: 1369:. Christians generally recognize a special presence of Christ in this rite, though they differ about exactly how, where, and when Christ is present. 315: 7876: 5870: 2869: 3555: 1796: 1035: 7736: 2975:

Some Baptists consider the Communion to be primarily an act of remembrance of Christ's atonement, and a time of renewal of personal commitment (

10986: 7154:

thankfully received, though, typically, the Moravians refrained from delving too much into the precise way the Savior was sacramentally present

4667: 1189: 2338:

believe Christ to be "truly and substantially present" with the bread and wine that are seen in the Eucharist, in a manner referred to as the

10615: 9738: 5208: 5017: 3512:

Of those who attend the Memorial, a small minority worldwide partake of the wine and unleavened bread. Jehovah's Witnesses believe that only

1428:

presence. As a result of these different understandings, "the Eucharist has been a central issue in the discussions and deliberations of the

9218:.: Despite what the subtitle may suggest, the book discusses the Christian Eucharist in further aspects than alone the "Canon of the Mass". 8642: 8032: 3574:

say specific prayers to bless the bread and water. The Sacrament is passed row-by-row to the congregation by priesthood holders (typically

3270:

intinction is for the communicants to receive the consecrated juice using small, individual, specially made glass or plastic cups known as

2364:

holds that the body of Christ is received by the faithful only in a heavenly and spiritual manner, a doctrine also taught in the Methodist

9582: 9248:. "The Canons and Decrees of the Council of Trent" Translated by H.J. Schroeder, published by Tan Books and Publishers, Inc., Rockford, IL 6001:"There are now two quite separate Eucharistic celebrations given in Didache 9–10, with the earlier one now put in second place". Crossan. 1918:. These also speak of "the Divine Mysteries", especially in reference to the consecrated elements, which they also call "the Holy Gifts". 1376:

states that the Eucharist is the body and blood of Christ under the species of bread and wine. It maintains that by the consecration, the

9288: 4139:

also been taken by churches that normally insist on the importance of receiving communion under both forms. This was done in 2009 by the

2463: 5585: 3856:

next morning. Additionally, members who plan to receive the holy communion have to follow a strict guide of prescribed prayers from the

10571: 8974: 8881: 5408: 4019: 7418: 6880: 2468:

In the Eucharist the same sacrifice that Jesus made only once on the cross is believed to be made present at every Mass. According to

10966: 10122: 8082:, 1 February 1998, p. 8, "Jesus instituted the only annual religious observance commanded for Christians—the Memorial of his death." 10074: 10026: 8834: 8603: 8442: 4363: 4172: 3635:

eventually discouraged the physical ritual as she believed it distracted from the true spiritual nature of the sacrament. As such,

3444: 3210: 2960:

The bread and "fruit of the vine" indicated in Matthew, Mark and Luke as the elements of the Lord's Supper are interpreted by many

2570: 2546: 2488: 2395: 1413: 335: 1396:

believe the true body and blood of Christ are really present "in, with, and under" the forms of the bread and wine, known as the

6667: 6202: 10981: 10976: 10941: 10004: 9994: 9758: 9204:

The Faith of Catholics: confirmed by Scripture, and attested by the Fathers of the five first centuries of the Church, Volume 1

8474: 3884: 3764: 1842: 1145: 1092: 9705: 8931: 8909: 8851: 8585: 8542: 8380: 7624: 6999: 6928: 6785: 6481: 2509:

Jesus Christ is present in the Eucharist in a true, real and substantial way, with his body, blood, soul and divinity. By the

2272:

The concept of the Jews both destroying and partaking in some perverted version of the Eucharist has been a vessel to promote

10583: 8526: 7932: 7907: 7852: 7828: 7197: 6273: 4073: 3780: 3697:

denominations differ in their understanding of whether they may celebrate the Eucharist with those with whom they are not in

3113: 2918: 2349: 2180:, died between 98 and 117), one of the Apostolic Fathers, mentions the Eucharist as "the flesh of our Saviour Jesus Christ": 1405: 432: 5472: 1571:

denominations rarely use this term, preferring "Communion", "the Lord's Supper", "Remembrance", or "the Breaking of Bread".

10708: 3772: 1067: 7456: 7116:. Bishop's Committee for Ecumenical and Interreligious Affairs, United States Conference of Catholic Bishops. p. 90. 3412:

Both are extremely old, going back at least to the third century, and are the oldest extant liturgies continually in use.

10746: 8124: 2296:

Most Christians, even those who deny that there is any real change in the elements used, recognize a special presence of

1783:", the "Sacrament of the Altar", and other variations, are common terms used by Catholics, Lutherans and some Anglicans ( 1030: 493: 10951: 9463: 9442: 9428: 9414: 9339: 8774:

and coeliac disease the dietary avoidance of wheat and other gluten-containing cereals is the only effective treatment.

8624: 8564:"Codex Canonum Ecclesiarum orientalium, die XVIII Octobris anno MCMXC – Ioannes Paulus PP. II | Ioannes Paulus II" 8012:"The Catechism of the New Apostolic Church: 8.2.12 The real presence of the body and blood of Christ in Holy Communion" 7670: 7645: 7625:

Eucharistic Food and Drink / A report of the Inter-Anglican Liturgical Commission to the Anglican Consultative Council1

7531: 7365: 7146: 7121: 7024: 6248: 5959: 5694: 5654: 5628: 5568: 5543: 5110: 5059: 5005: 4984: 4963: 4932: 4854: 4798: 4773: 4744: 4473: 3768: 2379:, do not believe in the concept of the real presence, believing that the Eucharist is only a ceremonial remembrance or 2260:

that the bread and wine were his body and blood must be taken literally, since God is truth. He thus believes that the

1182: 7981: 3993: 3323:, typically receive communion on a monthly or periodic basis. Many non-denominational Christians hold to the Biblical 2493: 10961: 10632: 9731: 9485: 7740: 7332:

There are many other Baptists in history who have understood the "spiritual presence" of Christ in the Lord's Supper.

7316: 7090: 6142: 5766: 5644: 4831: 4651: 4081: 3880: 3316: 2451: 2245:, whose best-known and influential work is an exposition on the nature of the Eucharist written around 831, entitled 1238: 42: 10876: 8668:

Mulder CJ, van Wanrooij RL, Bakker SF, Wierdsma N, Bouma G (2013). "Gluten-free diet in gluten-related disorders".

6976: 6952: 6762: 6587: 6430: 5818: 5385: 4572:

A misprint in the English translation of the Medieval Sourcebook: Canons of the Fourth Lateran Council, 1215 gives

4278: 3852: 3566:. The Sacrament, which consists of both ordinary bread and water (rather than wine or grape juice), is prepared by 2992: 2900: 2433: 2365: 2048: 1590: 1102: 417: 4587:"Iesus Christus, cuius corpus et sanguis in sacramento altaris sub speciebus panis et vini veraciter continentur, 3282:"), inviting "all who intend a Christian life, together with their children" to receive the eucharistic elements. 10143: 10041: 10009: 9024: 8949: 3247: 3186: 2944:, modified to deny any corporal presence of Christ's natural flesh and blood, which are in Heaven and not here. 837: 8995:

Manangan, Lilia P.; Sehulster, Lynne M.; Chiarello, Linda; Simonds, Dawn N.; Jarvis, William R. (October 1998).

6868: 5932: 5921: 5049: 4627: 89: 10956: 10835: 10084: 9999: 9663: 9643: 9625: 9608: 9565: 9547: 9530: 9477: 9400: 9383: 9362: 9325: 9311: 9297: 9278: 9240: 9223: 5857: 5674: 5139: 5094: 5036: 4356: 4105: 3834: 3567: 3373: 1539: 1040: 985: 9802: 9254: 2988: 10642: 9964: 8813: 5435: 4431: 4283: 4101: 4011: 3784: 3476:

the Holy Communion service customarily is celebrated once per quarter. The service includes the ordinance of

2529: 2353: 1175: 746: 700: 668: 8730:

Hischenhuber C, Crevel R, Jarry B, Mäki M, Moneret-Vautrin DA, Romano A, Troncone R, Ward R (1 March 2006).

8286: 8192: 8167: 2594:, unless he has a grave reason for receiving Communion and there is no possibility of going to confession." 10946: 10647: 9724: 9283: 9110: 6280:

Anabaptists here, despite sharp disagreement with Zwingli over baptism, generally affirmed his memorialism.

4261: 3473: 2933: 2929: 1445: 229: 6179: 1497:

is found several times in New Testament accounts of the Last Supper, including the earliest such account:

1384:) while the appearances of the bread and wine remain unaltered (e.g. colour, taste, feel, and smell). The 10718: 10499: 10361: 9587:

Ducentae paucorum istorum et quidem clarissimorum Christi verborum: Hoc est Corpus meum; interpretationes

9421:

Christologie und Kommunion Vol. 2: Liturgische Einführung und Rezeption der homoousianischen Christologie

7719:

An exposition of the gospels of St. Matthew and St. Mark: and some other detached parts of Holy Scripture

6240: 6232: 5878: 3924: 3776: 3628: 3493: 3123: 2830:

sense, the bread and wine are rightly said to be Christ's body and blood which he gives to his disciples.

2036: 1816: 975: 678: 17: 7268: 6825: 5735: 3456:

sacrificial death of the Lord, which enables them to proclaim it with conviction (1 Corinthians 11: 26).

2647: 2300:

in this rite. However, Christians differ about exactly how, where and how long Christ is present in it.

1392:

churches agree that an objective change occurs of the bread and wine into the body and blood of Christ.

10828: 10790: 10277: 7166: 6556:"Council of Trent, Decree concerning the Most Holy Sacrament of the Eucharist, chapter IV and canon II" 4922: 4231: 4031: 3575: 3571: 3236: 1458: 1389: 455: 214: 35: 7040:

Why do the Orthodox use leavened bread since leaven is a symbol of sin? Is not Christ's body sinless?

5273: 4048:

is prescribed to be mixed with the wine must be only a relatively small quantity. The practice of the

3775:(WELS) practice closed communion, excluding non-members and requiring communicants to have been given 2635: 2603:, that is, the adoration given to God alone."" The Blessed Sacrament can be exposed (displayed) on an 10871: 10861: 10823: 10578: 10388: 10356: 10310: 10287: 7744: 7272: 5746: 5724: 4623: 4561: 4469: 3266: 3182: 3030: 2655: 2651: 2591: 2391: 1922: 1915: 1072: 1025: 1015: 870: 710: 673: 144: 8011: 7845:

Decisions of the Bundesverfassungsgericht (Federal Constitutional Court) Federal Republic of Germany

5910: 5899: 2659: 10851: 10756: 10751: 10566: 10531: 10457: 10413: 10408: 10205: 10031: 9876: 9773: 9768: 8707: 6985: 6981: 6961: 6957: 6771: 6767: 6734: 6596: 6592: 6439: 6435: 5827: 5823: 5394: 5390: 5260:

The Popular Encyclopedia of Church History: The People, Places, and Events That Shaped Christianity

4426: 4273: 4007: 3724:

exclamation by the deacon or priest, "The doors! The doors!", just before recitation of the Creed.

3131: 3024: 2859: 2843: 2416: 2109: 2044: 2040: 1869: 1633: 1303: 1140: 1087: 427: 412: 394: 185: 9540:

The Mystical Presence: A Vindication of the Reformed or Calvinistic Doctrine of the Holy Eucharist

8031:

Seventh-day Adventist Church Manual, 17th edition, 2005, pp. 81–86. Published by the secretariat,

7276: 6505:"The Real Presence of Jesus Christ in the Sacrament of the Eucharist: Basic Questions and Answers" 5304: 5288: 5122:

Epistle to the Ephesians 13:1; Epistle to the Philadelphians 4; Epistle to the Smyrnaeans 7:1, 8:1

5105:

Stanley E. Porter, Dictionary of Biblical Criticism and Interpretation (Taylor & Francis 2007

3979:, typically placed on an altar, at times with a light focused on it, or with candles flanking it. 3364:, the "Holy Offering" or "Holy Sacrifice", refers to the Eucharist as celebrated according to the 526: 10536: 10270: 10175: 10064: 10014: 9871: 9788: 9763: 9497: 9165: 6749: 5974: 5300: 5296: 5292: 4329: 4312: 4065: 3802: 3717: 3275: 2060: 2002: 1990: 1911: 1417: 1385: 1319: 1150: 1107: 882: 731: 486: 310: 239: 8646: 6910: 1247: 10991: 10856: 10447: 10305: 10247: 10138: 10117: 9882: 9632:

Eucharistic Consecration in the First Four Centuries and Its Implications for Liturgical Reform

9407:

Christologie und Kommunion Vol. 1: Entstehung und Verbreitung der homoousianischen Christologie

4465: 4461: 4349: 4069: 3869: 3806: 3549: 3498: 3406: 2790: 2713: 2328:

the change occurs, since the Catholic Church teaches that "the signs of bread and wine become,

1986: 1680: 1576: 1020: 832: 715: 422: 224: 9435:

Christologie und Kommunion Vol. 3: Auswirkungen auf die Frömmigkeit und den Eucharistieempfang

5689:

Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church / editors, F. L. Cross & E. A. Livingstone 2005

5329: 4823: 2498: 1880:, or sermon, given by a priest or deacon. The latter, which follows seamlessly, includes the " 10915: 10514: 10240: 10049: 9952: 9907: 9836: 9535: 9214:, trans. by Charles Underhill Quinn. Notre Dame, Ind.: University of Notre Dame Press, 1968. 7900:

A Charismatic Model of the Church: Edward Irving's Teaching in a 21st-century Chinese Context

7014: 6727: 5589: 4381: 3933: 3619:(members of the Religious Society of Friends) generally do not baptize or observe Communion. 3480:

and the Lord's Supper. Unleavened bread and unfermented (non-alcoholic) grape juice is used.

2909: 2753: 2616: 2277:

repetition of the event. Jewish people's eagerness to destroy hosts were also a variation of

1978: 1800: 1644: 970: 776: 761: 685: 574: 539: 510: 219: 8971: 5497: 5152: 4713: 1655: 1380:

of the bread and wine actually become the substances of the body and blood of Jesus Christ (

10971: 10736: 10686: 10671: 10548: 10257: 10157: 10107: 10102: 10059: 10019: 9947: 9161: 9150: 8732:"Review article: safe amounts of gluten for patients with wheat allergy or coeliac disease" 8015: 7989: 7959: 7872: 7320: 6888: 5348: 4162: 3440: 3051:. The Lutheran doctrine of the Real Presence is more accurately and formally known as the " 3004: 2685: 2361: 2291: 2238: 1507:), he broke it, and said, "This is my body which is for you. Do this in remembrance of me". 1409: 1315: 796: 569: 328: 180: 9253: 7951: 6015: 4688: 8: 10996: 10905: 10881: 10866: 10785: 10775: 10761: 10741: 10731: 10701: 10681: 10610: 10341: 10170: 10097: 9927: 9856: 9783: 9613: 9577:

Rasperger (Raspergero), Christopher (Christophorus, Christoph, Christophoro, Christophe)

9390: 8439: 7343: 7059: 6108: 6048: 5343:

Bayne, Brian L. (1974). "Plymouth Brethren". In Cross, F. L.; Livingstone, E. A. (eds.).

4949: 4241: 4167: 3928:

Worshippers kneel and bow in the street during the Eucharist Procession, London, England.

3845: 3636: 3513: 3402: 3251: 3127: 3048: 3000: 2984: 2834: 2170: 1950: 1865: 1530: 1295: 1163: 1158: 1122: 877: 849: 791: 736: 658: 460: 287: 9601:

This Is My Body: Luther's Contention for the Real Presence in the Sacrament of the Altar

8831: 8607: 8268: 5352: 3615:

Emphasizing the inward spiritual experience of their adherents over any outward ritual,

2114:), which itself has a much richer theological history than the English word "remember". 1933:) has often been used to refer to Christian worship more generally and is still used in 10936: 10780: 10726: 10637: 10627: 10418: 10333: 10282: 9892: 8761: 8693: 8422: 8020:

Rather, the substance of Christ's body and blood is joined to them (consubstantiation).

7783: 6576:

Council of Trent, Decree concerning the Most Holy Sacrament of the Eucharist, canon III

5946: 5532: 4661: 4477: 4457: 4294: 4184: 4077: 3844:

Most Latter-Day Saint churches practice closed communion; one notable exception is the

3830: 3748: 3533: 3369: 3331: 3308: 3255: 3119: 3097: 3065: 2914: 2725: 2702: 2539: 2518: 2398:", "Invocation of the Spirit", "Communion of the Faithful", and "Meal of the Kingdom". 2317: 2313: 2309: 2261: 2015: 1788: 1449: 1381: 1366: 902: 895: 786: 781: 766: 651: 579: 479: 372: 234: 170: 54: 9012: 8341: 4018:. For the Catholic Church, this issue was addressed in the 24 July 2003 letter of the 3137: 3107: 2956:

The serving of elements individually, to be taken in unison, is common among Baptists.

2752:

uses leavened bread, with the leaven symbolizing the presence of the Holy Spirit. The

2517:

of the bread and wine actually become the substances of the body and blood of Christ (

10817: 10696: 10602: 10526: 10425: 10398: 10317: 10265: 10215: 9974: 9942: 9937: 9932: 9922: 9912: 9861: 9659: 9639: 9621: 9604: 9561: 9543: 9526: 9473: 9459: 9438: 9424: 9410: 9396: 9379: 9358: 9335: 9321: 9307: 9293: 9274: 9236: 9219: 9175: 9069: 9016: 8803: 8753: 8748: 8731: 8685: 8522: 7928: 7903: 7848: 7824: 7666: 7641: 7361: 7294: 7193: 7142: 7117: 7086: 7020: 6671: 6611: 6269: 6244: 6210: 6138: 6035: 5955: 5853: 5762: 5690: 5670: 5650: 5624: 5564: 5539: 5366: 5318: 5191: 5135: 5106: 5090: 5055: 5032: 5001: 4980: 4959: 4928: 4850: 4827: 4794: 4769: 4740: 4647: 4542: 4409: 4288: 4214: 4140: 4089: 3810: 3791:, and many other Lutheran churches outside of the U.S. also practice open communion. 3744: 3563: 3559: 3537: 3461: 3240: 3085: 3056: 3052: 2996: 2980: 2888: 2721: 2620: 2556: 2376: 2339: 2305: 1792: 1780: 1768: 1572: 1548: 1453: 1397: 1338: 1127: 1097: 1077: 1010: 960: 888: 705: 564: 554: 367: 362: 340: 105: 31: 8697: 8478: 7925:

Edward Irving Reconsidered: The Man, His Controversies, and the Pentecostal Movement

6791: 5620: 5431: 2348:

also believe Christ to be present in the Eucharist, but describe this presence as a

1660: 1440: 10561: 10403: 10378: 9957: 9917: 9193: 9154: 9059: 9008: 8935: 8917: 8859: 8817: 8795: 8765: 8743: 8715: 8677: 8589: 8546: 7581: 6812: 6641: 6555: 6379: 6157: 5840: 5616: 5356: 4536: 4387: 4339: 4256: 4226: 4131:

most likely diseases to be transmitted would be common viral illnesses such as the

3788: 3740: 3736: 3732: 3669: 3521: 3501:

commemorate Jesus' death annually on the evening that corresponds to the Passover,

3426: 3398: 3365: 2941: 2759:

Conventionally this change in the elements is understood to be accomplished at the

2534: 2514: 2126: 2076: 2052: 2032: 1962: 1838: 1834: 1544: 1491:), meaning "thanksgiving", appears a few times in it, while the related Greek verb 1377: 1350: 1346: 1327: 1209: 1112: 1005: 756: 628: 559: 465: 249: 205: 110: 9198: 9144: 8304: 7535: 6293:"Baptism, Eucharist and Ministry (Faith and Order Paper no. 111, the "Lima Text")" 3767:(ELCA) practices open communion, provided those who receive are baptized, but the 3570:

holders prior to the beginning of the meeting. At the beginning of the Sacrament,

3464:

is taught as the explanation of how the real presence is effected in the liturgy.

10770: 10676: 10467: 10165: 9245: 9228: 8978: 8894: 8838: 8703: 8446: 8387: 7444: 7425: 7046: 4868:"Strong's Greek: 2169. εὐχαριστία (eucharistia) – thankfulness, giving of thanks" 4345: 4333: 4236: 3905: 3818: 3687: 3632: 3517: 3506: 3159: 3142: 2969: 2847: 2814: 2741: 2717: 2506: 2443: 2301: 1926: 1826: 1784: 1684: 1373: 1362: 1342: 950: 859: 384: 277: 244: 8359: 8095: 3524:. They are referred to as the "anointed" class. They believe that the baptized " 3429:, Holy Communion, along with Holy Baptism and Holy Sealing, is one of the three 2581:

According to the Catholic Church doctrine receiving the Eucharist in a state of

10766: 10666: 10462: 10351: 10297: 10230: 10210: 9969: 9810: 9180: 9167:

The Bread of life: or St. Thomas Aquinas on the Adorable Sacrament of the Altar

9140: 9064: 9047: 7358:

Changing Churches: An Orthodox, Catholic, and Lutheran Theological Conversation

4737:

Changing Churches: An Orthodox, Catholic, and Lutheran Theological Conversation

4251: 4209: 4204: 4056: 4003: 3838: 3721: 3698: 3673: 3665: 3600: 3582: 3481: 3320: 3259:

Methodist clergy are not required to be vested when celebrating the Eucharist.

3214: 3175: 2822: 2749: 2689: 2679: 2522: 2056: 1907: 1897: 1893: 1822: 1812: 1692: 1639: 1621: 1543:

written between 155 and 157). Today, "the Eucharist" is the name still used by

1421: 996: 955: 935: 806: 771: 623: 544: 209: 149: 129: 8799: 7786:

from Broadman / Holman Church Supply. Christianbook.com. Accessed 5 July 2009.

6849: 6467: 6453: 5852:

Tyndale Bible Dictionary / editors, Philip W. Comfort, Walter A. Elwell, 2001

5669:

Tyndale Bible Dictionary / editors, Philip W. Comfort, Walter A. Elwell, 2001

5195: 3303:

is sometimes used for bread, emphasising the "re-creation" of the Last Supper.

3185:, for instance, prescribes "bread common to the culture". Harking back to the 2552: 1425: 10930: 10691: 10622: 10472: 10180: 9820: 9815: 9596: 8771: 8711: 8521:(1st ed.). Devalokam, Kottayam: Malankara Orthodox Church Publications. 8440:"Guidelines for Congregational, District, and Synodical Communion Statements" 8322: 7982:"8.2.13 The real presence of the sacrifice of Jesus Christ in Holy Communion" 6085: 6072: 6061: 5985: 4369: 4199: 4049: 4015: 3702: 3502: 3436: 3271: 3101: 3081: 2995:, specifically in Chapter 30, Articles 3 and 7. This view is prevalent among 2864: 2745: 2628: 2357: 2207: 2134: 2084: 1958: 1855: 1560: 1534: 1472: 1365:

and consumed thereafter. The consecrated elements are the end product of the

1354: 1323: 909: 816: 613: 608: 9470:

The Banquet's Wisdom: A Short History of the Theologies of the Lord's Supper

8628: 7952:"8.2.12 The real presence of the body and blood of Christ in Holy Communion" 3651:) do not take communion, instead viewing every meal as a Eucharistic feast. 2817:

adheres to a view known as the "sacramental presence", teaching that in the

10504: 10452: 10383: 10373: 10054: 9986: 9851: 9747: 9502: 9073: 8807: 8757: 8689: 7470: 7298: 6857: 6853: 4639: 4523: 4436: 4375: 4189: 4097: 4093: 3951: 3694: 3683: 3352: 3239:, Methodists also believe that the Lord's Supper is a sign and seal of the 3104:. They also call the Eucharist the Breaking of Bread or the Lord's Supper. 2925: 2768: 2643: 2639: 2510: 2421: 2273: 2242: 2159: 1946: 1864:

At least in the Catholic Church, the Mass is a long rite in two parts: the

1679:) to refer to the Eucharistic rite began by some groups originating in the 1629: 1292: 865: 638: 518: 357: 166: 139: 9572:

Eucharistia: il mistero dell'altare nel pensiero e nella vita della Chiesa

9020: 7808:. Nashville, Tennessee: The Methodist Publishing House. 1960. p. 522. 7600: 6530: 5370: 2932:, which allowed kneeling when receiving Holy Communion was omitted in the 10806: 10556: 10519: 10368: 10220: 10195: 10092: 9675: 9553: 9266: 6826:"Catechism of the Catholic Church – The sacrament of the Eucharist #1377" 4421: 4194: 4132: 4085: 3826: 3525: 3477: 3385: 3335: 3327:

of local churches and have no universal requirement among congregations.

3312: 3295: 3262: 3043: 2976: 2965: 2937: 2903:

in the United States restored explicit language that the Eucharist is an

2880: 2801:, as well as the serving of the bread and wine in the celebration of the 2798: 2764: 2624: 2612: 2411: 2380: 2372: 2335: 2278: 2257: 2130: 2028: 1934: 1830: 1648: 1564: 1476: 1393: 1311: 980: 940: 925: 811: 751: 695: 450: 379: 351: 159: 134: 8462: 7576: 5187:

Comprehensive History of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints

3938: 2129:'s usage in 1 Corinthians 11:17–34, may have originally referred to the 10654: 10393: 10190: 9846: 9778: 9350: 7640:. Peterborough, England: Methodist Publishing House. 2000. p. 26. 5459: 4487: 4246: 4045: 3976: 3943: 3888: 3798: 3757: 3713: 3516:

people will go to heaven, to serve as under-priests and co-rulers with

3433:. It is the focus of the Divine Service in the liturgies of Irvingism. 3430: 3338:

and unleavened wafers or unleavened bread and practice open communion.

3279: 3060: 2729: 2608: 2582: 2565: 1568: 1429: 920: 345: 292: 9088:"Archbishops advise against sharing chalice during swine flu pandemic" 8681: 7114:

Growing Consensus II: Church Dialogues in the United States, 1992–2004

6266:

A Contemporary Anabaptist Theology: Biblical, Historical, Constructive

4889: 4867: 3197: 10811: 10659: 10484: 10477: 10435: 10430: 10225: 10185: 8997:"Risk of Infectious Disease Transmission from a Common Communion Cup" 8243:"Why Does the Salvation Army Not Baptize or Hold Communion Services?" 5361: 5325: 4317: 3960: 3814: 3154: 2818: 2802: 2794: 2786: 2760: 2737: 2733: 2670: 2586: 2407: 2345: 2107: 2080: 2007: 1967: 1881: 1762: 1751: 1707: 1600: 1556: 1552: 1518: 1486: 1401: 1299: 1082: 945: 915: 389: 175: 9451:. Reprint. Great Falls, MT: St. Bonaventure Publications, Inc., 1999 8619: 8617: 4714:"Keeping the Feast: Thoughts on Virtual Communion in a Lockdown Era" 2952: 2320:("change of the substance") is the term used by Catholics to denote 10200: 10069: 9306:. N. E. Nagel, trans. St. Louis: Concordia Publishing House, 1966. 8950:"Sacrament of the Eucharist: Rite of Sanctification of the Chalice" 6693: 6016:"Introduction to the Roberts-Donaldson translation of his writings" 5089:

by Gerhard Kittel, Gerhard Friedrich and Geoffrey W. Bromiley 1985

4791:

The Quest for the Grail: Arthurian Legend in British Art, 1840–1920

3752: 3728: 3324: 3108:

Reformed (Continental Reformed, Presbyterian and Congregationalist)

2961: 2904: 2716:, two different anaphoras are currently used: one is attributed to 2631: 1625: 1331: 930: 801: 255: 8516: 8463:

Holy Communion: A Practice of Faith in the United Church of Christ

8291:

Christian Science Committee on Publication for Southern California

8245:. Waterbeachsalvationarmy.org.uk. 28 February 1987. Archived from 6881:"'Abrahamic, Mosaic, and Prophetic Foundations of the Eucharist'. 5538:. United States Conference of Catholic Bishops. pp. 1328–32. 10900: 10509: 10489: 10346: 10235: 8994: 8614: 4890:"Strong's Greek: 2168. εὐχαριστέω (eucharisteó) – to be thankful" 4307: 4126:

Catholic communicants in Brazil receive Communion in their hands.

4061: 3901: 3857: 3822: 3648: 3616: 3604: 3089: 2693: 2438: 2252: 2163: 2148: 2117: 1873: 1525: 965: 690: 663: 272: 154: 8667: 4052:

is that the mixture should be two parts wine to one part water.

3887:

before taking Communion if they are aware of having committed a

3035: 2611:. Rites involving the exposure of the Blessed Sacrament include 1720:

of the blood of Christ? The bread which we break, is it not the

9716: 7388:, second edition, (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1974), 340 4404: 4038: 3999: 3751:) not in full communion with it and of other churches that the 3678: 3581:

The prayer recited for the bread and the water is found in the

3300: 3171: 3167: 2838: 2697: 2297: 1877: 1523:(thanksgiving) is that by which the rite is referred to in the 1117: 618: 9523:

Grace Upon Grace: Sacramental Theology and the Christian Life.

9212:

Eucharist: Theology and Spirituality of the Eucharistic Prayer

9197: 7574: 7409:, (St. Louis: CPH, 1975), under the entry "consubstantiation". 1306:

in others. Christians believe that the rite was instituted by

1221: 10442: 9902: 9841: 9798: 9458:(Themen der Theologie 3), Tübingen: UTB / Mohr Siebeck 2012. 7508:

A Narrative of some of the Lord's dealings with George Muller

6787:

Under Julius III Council of Trent Session 13 Chapter IV

5646:

The Eucharistic Liturgies: Their Evolution and Interpretation

4486:, usually translated into English as "Mass", is derived from 4399: 3891:

and to prepare by fasting, prayer, and other works of piety.

3163: 2707: 2604: 2464:

Eucharist in the Catholic Church § Eucharist in the Mass

2229: 2153: 2101: 1972: 1901: 1757: 1745: 1701: 1687:

when one receives the Eucharist for the first time. The term

1594: 1502: 1492: 1480: 1358: 1307: 633: 595: 267: 8785: 8723: 7083:

Community of the Cross: Moravian Piety in Colonial Bethlehem

3954:, Anglo-Catholic and some Lutheran traditions, in which the 2525:

argued, the substance of the bread and wine cannot return).

1444:

The Eucharist has been a key theme in the depictions of the

1215: 9503:"Sermon XXXII.—On the Dispositions for the Communion" 9304:

Eucharist and Church Fellowship in the First Four Centuries

9179: 8729: 3994:

Coeliac disease § Christian churches and the Eucharist

3964: 3460:

In the Irvingian tradition of Restorationist Christianity,

3756:

have no access to a minister of their own community. Some

3217:, who wrote a Eucharistic hymn with the following stanza: 2688:, the Eucharistic service is called the "Divine Liturgy" ( 2424:

but as an expression of faith and of obedience to Christ.

1945:

Some Eastern rites have yet more names for the Eucharist.

1756:, 'breaking of the bread'; in later liturgical Greek also 9579:

Two hundred interpretations of the words: This is my Body

7601:"Question & Answer: The Orthodox Presbyterian Church" 7405:, (St. Louis: CPH, 1934), 519; cf. also Erwin L. Lueker, 7000:"Compendium of the Catechism of the Catholic Church #286" 6405:"Compendium of the Catechism of the Catholic Church #271" 4522:

The tradition that Ignatius was a direct disciple of the

3968: 3007:),and several individuals in other Baptist associations. 2706:, (literally "offering" or "carrying up", from the Greek 2406:

Many Christian denominations classify the Eucharist as a

2241:(785–865) was a Carolingian theologian, and the abbot of 1845:), and by some Anglicans. It derives from the Latin word 1258: 1224: 8661: 6930:

Compendium of the Catechism of the Catholic Church # 291

3879:

The Catholic Church requires its members to receive the

2917:

have done likewise (the Church of England did so in the

2450:

In the Catholic Church the Eucharist is considered as a

9501: 8779: 8323:"Church Fathers: The First Apology (St. Justin Martyr)" 6483:

Compendium of the Catechism of the Catholic Church #282

5347:. Vol. 329. Oxford University Press. p. 578. 4924:

The Eucharist in the New Testament and the Early Church

3075: 2446:, the Host is displayed to the people before Communion. 9491:

American Journal of Religious Psychology and Education

8147:"Handbook 2: Administering the Church, Chapter 20.4.3" 8069:, Watch Tower Bible & Tract Society, 1988, p. 392. 8057:, Watch Tower Bible & Tract Society, 1989, p. 265. 4646:(Revised ed.). Louisville, Kentucky. p. 63. 4591:

pane in corpus, et vino in sanguinem potestate divina"

4118:

Impact of the 2019–20 coronavirus pandemic on religion

2051:, which suggests how early Christians celebrated what 9235:. J. A. O. Preus, trans. St. Louis: Concordia, 1979. 8645:. Stlukeorthodox.com. 4 February 2001. Archived from 7403:

Christian Dogmatics: A Handbook of Doctrinal Theology

5843:, Understanding the Bible. Palo Alto: Mayfield. 1985. 5345:

The Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church; Nature

5234:

Types of Pentecostal Theology: Method, System, Spirit

3379: 3207:

Catechism for the use of the people called Methodists

3201:

A United Methodist minister consecrating the elements

1239: 1227: 1218: 9702:

according to the current edition of the Roman Missal

9393:: The Confessions of the Evangelical Lutheran Church 9334:. London, UK: Baronius Press Ltd., 2013 reprint ed. 7806:

The Doctrines and Discipline of the Methodist Church

7767:"What do I need to know about communion in the UMC?" 5219:

Andrew B. McGowan, "The Myth of the Lord's Supper",

4644:

The Meal Jesus Gave Us: Understanding Holy Communion

3346: 3311:, receive communion every Sunday. Others, including 3284:

The Doctrines and Discipline of the Methodist Church

3278:

practices open communion (which it describes as an "

2674:

Eucharistic elements prepared for the Divine Liturgy

1887: 1230: 41:"Lord's Supper" redirects here. For other uses, see 9591:

Zweihundert Auslegungen der Worte das ist mein Leib

7638:

A Catechism for the use of people called Methodists

5954:(reprint ed.). Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing Co. 3647:The United Society of Believers (commonly known as 2868:Illuminated title of "The Holy Communion" from the 2094: 2075:In the one prayer given to posterity by Jesus, the 1212: 9558:Corrective Love: The Power of Communion Discipline 7654: 7190:Inter-Actions: Relationships of Religion and Drama 7107: 7105: 5945: 5531: 5524:Compendium of the Catechism of the Catholic Church 5498:"liturgy of the Eucharist | Definition & Rite" 5317: 3439:, who founded the Irvingian Churches, such as the 3307:Many non-denominational Christians, including the 2470:Compendium of the Catechism of the Catholic Church 1787:) for the consecrated elements, particularly when 1716:The cup of blessing which we bless, is it not the 9149:(in Latin). Rome: Bibliotheca Vaticana. pp. 5611:Hovhanessian, Vahan (2011), "Badarak (Patarag)", 5588:. First Bethlehem Lutheran Church. Archived from 5409:"Small Catechism (6): The Sacrament of the Altar" 5320:Introduction to the Theology of the New Testament 3405:, while that of the West Syrian tradition is the 2125:The expression "The Lord's Supper", derived from 1774: 1700:("sharing in common"), translated from the Greek 1420:believe that this is a spiritual presence, while 10928: 9650:The Lord's Supper: Believers Church Perspectives 9378:. Collegeville, MN: The Liturgical Press, 1970. 9251: 7049:– orthodoxanswers.org. Retrieved 26 August 2018. 6295:. Oikoumene.org. 15 January 1982. Archived from 5247:The Westminster Handbook to Evangelical Theology 5178: 5176: 5174: 4998:The New Westminster Dictionary of Church History 4820:Christian Confessions: A Historical Introduction 3760:communities exclude non-members from Communion. 2907:(sacrifice) to God. Subsequent revisions of the 9688:. London: Oxford University Press, 1960. 119 p. 9560:. St. Louis: Concordia Publishing House, 1995. 9139: 7575:D. G. Hart and John R. Muether (October 1997). 7102: 6740:, 1. Confession of Faith, retrieved 2010-03-13. 6019: 5643:Bradshaw, Paul F.; Johnson, Maxwell E. (2012). 5642: 5529: 5521: 4728: 3860:, or the book of common prayers, for the week. 3556:the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints 3290: 1797:the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints 1529:(a late 1st or early 2nd century document), by 1036:The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints 9262:. Translated by James Donovan. Lucas Brothers. 9048:"Infections associated with religious rituals" 9045: 8910:"Catechism of the Catholic Church – IntraText" 7902:. Cambridge Scholars Publishing. p. 167. 7697:, and the administration of the sacraments of 7661:Abraham, William J.; Watson, David F. (2013). 6446: 6172:"Art. X: Of the Holy Supper | Book of Concord" 5082: 5080: 5078: 4526:is consistent with the content of his letters. 4472:churches, while "Consecration" is used in the 4267: 3589: 3039:Table set for the Eucharist in an ELCA service 2789:and German Baptist Brethren Churches like the 2756:utilizes leavened bread in their celebration. 2414:(though not all) prefer to instead call it an 10616:Architecture of cathedrals and great churches 10315: 9732: 8850:McNamara, Father Edward (14 September 2004). 8110:"Discerning What We Are – At Memorial Time", 7721:. George Lane & Levi Scott. p. 282. 7679: 7660: 7520:The new SCM dictionary of liturgy and worship 7496:The new SCM dictionary of liturgy and worship 7447:at LutheransOnline.com. Retrieved 2011–04–24. 7386:The Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church 7349: 7239:, Revised Edition, SPCK London, 1992, p. 316. 7159: 6083: 5949:The International Standard Bible Encyclopedia 5712:"A Hard Saying" : The Gospel and Culture 5171: 3397:refers to the Eucharist as celebrated in the 3141:Many Presbyterian churches historically used 1593:Paul uses the term "Lord's Supper", in Greek 1183: 487: 9486:The Ethnological Background of the Eucharist 9052:International Journal of Infectious Diseases 8033:General Conference of Seventh-day Adventists 7916: 7355: 6509:United States Conference of Catholic Bishops 6087:CHURCH FATHERS: The First Apology Chapter 66 5761:Westminster Press, Philadelphia (1983) p. 3 5636: 5610: 4734: 3659: 9320:. Nashville: Discipleship Resources, 2005. 9289:I Am: Eucharistic Meditations on the Gospel 8517:Ministry of Liturgical Development (2017). 7946: 7944: 7812: 7710: 7419:What Lutherans Believe About Holy Communion 7310: 7308: 7192:. University Press of America. p. 34. 7139:The Music of the Moravian Church in America 7130: 7074: 6119: 6117: 5794:Westminster Press, Philadelphia (1983) p. 5 5087:Theological Dictionary of the New Testament 5075: 4793:. Manchester University Press. p. 40. 4585: 4579: 4573: 4540: 4490: 4481: 4111: 4002:in wheat bread is dangerous to people with 3950:Eucharistic adoration is a practice in the 2598: 2246: 2121:Early Christian painting of an Agape feast. 1852: 1846: 1695: 1264: 9739: 9725: 9388:Kolb, Robert and Timothy J. Wengert, eds. 9355:The Lamb's Supper: Mass as Heaven on Earth 9174: 8882:Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith 7927:. Wipf and Stock Publishers. p. 292. 7837: 7360:. Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing. p. 54. 7141:. University Rochester Press. p. 34. 7111: 7019:. Cambridge University Press. p. 90. 6720: 6257: 5613:The Encyclopedia of Christian Civilization 5552: 5526:. Libreria Editrice Vaticana. p. 275. 5315: 4920: 4782: 4768:. Wipf and Stock Publishers. p. 263. 4739:. Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing. p. 54. 4666:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( 4480:language of Ireland and Scotland the word 4020:Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith 2576: 2420:, viewing it not as a specific channel of 2352:, not a physical one. Anglicans adhere to 2141: 1632:. They also refer to the observance as an 1190: 1176: 525: 494: 480: 9656:Eucharist: Christ's Feast with the Church 9638:, 31. Oxford, Eng.: Latimer House, 1989. 9496: 9273:. London: Continuum International, 2005. 9192: 9160: 9063: 8747: 8493:"20. Priesthood Ordinances and Blessings" 8339: 8287:"Do Christian Scientists take Communion?" 8139: 7986:The Catechism of the New Apostolic Church 7956:The Catechism of the New Apostolic Church 7490: 7488: 7356:Mattox, Mickey L.; Roeber, A. G. (2012). 6237:People and Place: A Covenant Ecclesiology 6132: 5779:A Textual Commentary on the New Testament 5360: 4735:Mattox, Mickey L.; Roeber, A. G. (2012). 4689:"Encyclopædia Britannica, s.v. Eucharist" 4460:, the "Oblation" is the term used in the 4156: 3911: 3467: 3145:to provide entrance to the Lord's Supper. 2267: 9712:A Brief Exposition of the Divine Service 9542:. 1846; Wipf & Stock reprint, 2000. 8849: 8558: 8556: 8090: 8088: 7941: 7891: 7685: 7630: 7305: 7181: 7012: 6468:"Catechism of the Catholic Church #1410" 6454:"Catechism of the Catholic Church #1367" 6114: 5714:. The Liturgical Press. pp. 109–30. 5561:Lutheran Churches in Early Modern Europe 5429: 4817: 4757: 4584:in Canon 1, as opposed to the original: 4173:Real presence of Christ in the Eucharist 4121: 3937: 3923: 3677: 3562:or branch worldwide at the beginning of 3445:real presence of Christ in the Eucharist 3294: 3196: 3178:, while others use any bread available. 3136: 3034: 2951: 2940:'s insistence. It was reinstated in the 2863: 2669: 2571:Real presence of Christ in the Eucharist 2551: 2547:extraordinary minister of Holy Communion 2492: 2489:Real presence of Christ in the Eucharist 2437: 2162:treatise that includes instructions for 2116: 2006: 1654: 1638: 1605:), in the early 50s of the 1st century: 1439: 1414:real presence of Christ in the Eucharist 8340:Berzonsky, Vladimir (24 January 2010). 7922: 7462: 7206: 6137:. New York: W.W. Norton & Company. 5943: 5709: 5271: 5258:Edward E. Hindson, Daniel R. Mitchell, 5249:, Westminster John Knox Press, UK, 2004 5183: 5047: 5041: 4945: 4943: 4822:. Westminster John Knox Press. p. 4788: 4301: 4220: 3963:or convent, it is done by the resident 3654: 3622: 3055:". Others have erroneously called this 2371:Christians adhering to the theology of 2285: 2055:called the Lord's Supper. Although the 14: 10929: 9620:. St Vladimir's Seminary Press, 1997. 9603:. Eugene, OR: Wipf & Stock, 2001. 9369:A Study in the Psychology of Ritualism 7818: 7716: 7494:Darby, J.N., quoted in Bradshaw, P.F. 7485: 7291:What is It to Eat and Drink Unworthily 7288: 7212: 7136: 7080: 6264:Finger, Thomas N. (26 February 2010). 6263: 6231: 6200: 6169: 6158:Catechism of the Catholic Church, 1333 5834: 5558: 5275:Holy Communion: What is the Eucharist? 5262:, Harvest House Publishers, US, 2013, 5125: 5022: 4916: 4914: 4912: 4910: 4766:Major Themes in the Reformed Tradition 4638: 3765:Evangelical Lutheran Church in America 3487: 3341: 3223:To bring the long sought Saviour down; 2785:Anabaptist denominations, such as the 2360:although the teaching in the Anglican 1940: 10987:New Testament Greek words and phrases 9720: 9395:. Minneapolis: Fortress Press, 2000. 9260:The catechism of the Council of Trent 9108: 9001:American Journal of Infection Control 8604:"Preparing to Receive Holy Communion" 8553: 8085: 7869:"Professing Christ in Holy Communion" 7167:"The Observance of the Lord's Supper" 7112:Veliko, Lydia; Gros, Jeffrey (2005). 5583: 5342: 4763: 4364:Confession Concerning Christ's Supper 4178: 4074:Christian Churches/Churches of Christ 3781:Evangelical Lutheran Church in Canada 3227:Thou dost e'en now Thy banquet crown: 2482: 2401: 1533:(who died between 98 and 117) and by 1408:of Christ in the Eucharist. Anglican 9700:The Ordinary of the Mass, Roman Rite 9437:, Münster: Aschendorff-Verlag 2022. 9423:, Münster: Aschendorff-Verlag 2020. 9409:, Münster: Aschendorff-Verlag 2018. 9046:Pellerin, J.; Edmond, M. B. (2013). 8880:The same 24 July 2003 letter of the 8004: 7563:The Westminster Confession for Today 7081:Atwood, Craig D. (1 November 2010). 6731:. New York: Robert Appleton Company. 6133:Niremberg, David (4 February 2013). 5432:"Anglo-Catholics: What they believe" 5054:. Liturgical Press. pp. 22–23. 4940: 4683: 4681: 4679: 4677: 3773:Wisconsin Evangelical Lutheran Synod 3543: 3372:of the East Syrian tradition is the 3076:Open Brethren and Exclusive Brethren 2793:churches and congregations have the 2665: 1739: 1647:fresco (15th century) depicting the 9371:. University of Chicago Press, 1910 8297: 8100:. Watch Tower Society. p. 207. 7897: 7665:. Abingdon Press. pp. 103–04. 7457:How do we move to weekly Communion? 7314: 7293:. Baptist Sunday School Committee. 7187: 6639: 6528: 6268:. InterVarsity Press. p. 186. 6135:Anti-Judaism: The Western Tradition 4907: 4535:Radbertus was canonized in 1073 by 3973:Exposition of the Blessed Sacrament 3894: 3003:(a Calvinistic movement among some 2808: 1357:traditions), are consecrated on an 1353:(non-alcoholic grape juice in some 1031:Members Church of God International 24: 9708:– Catechism of the Catholic Church 9255:"Part 2: The Holy Eucharist" 9132: 9090:. Christiantoday.com. 27 July 2009 8625:"How to Prepare for the Eucharist" 8218:"The Restoration of the Sacrament" 7468: 6721:Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913). " 6170:Mahler, Corey (10 December 2019). 5000:(Westminster John Knox Press 2008 4927:, Liturgical Press, pp. 1–2, 4474:Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church 3975:, the Eucharist is displayed in a 3380:Syro-Antiochene Rite (West Syriac) 3114:Lord's Supper in Reformed theology 2987:affirm the Reformed doctrine of a 2427: 1659:Eucharistic window (1898–1900) by 25: 11008: 9693: 9508:Sermons by John-Baptist Massillon 9109:Reddy, Sumathi (7 January 2011). 8932:"Code of Canon Law, canon 924 §1" 8788:Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol 8097:What Does the Bible Really Teach? 8078:"Jehovah is a God of Covenants", 7741:Methodist Church of Great Britain 7085:. Penn State Press. p. 165. 6201:Mahler, Corey (21 October 2020). 5877:. 11 October 2013. Archived from 4996:Robert Benedetto, James O. Duke, 4674: 4495:, meaning "oblation", "offering". 4378:(16th and 17th-century Anglicans) 4082:Church of God (Anderson, Indiana) 3594: 3415: 3347:Edessan Rite (Church of the East) 3231:And show Thy real presence here! 3100:follow a similar practice to the 2457: 2330:in a way surpassing understanding 2228:And this food is called among us 2022: 1888:Divine Liturgy and Divine Service 10967:Eucharist in the Catholic Church 10911: 10910: 10899: 10027:State church of the Roman Empire 9746: 9146:De venerabili sacramento altaris 9102: 9080: 9039: 8988: 8964: 8942: 8924: 8902: 8887: 8874: 8843: 8825: 8812:A recently proposed approach to 8749:10.1111/j.1365-2036.2006.02768.x 8643:"Preparation for Holy Communion" 8635: 8596: 8578: 8535: 8519:Service Book of the Holy Qurbono 8510: 8485: 8475:"Community of Christ: Communion" 8467: 8455: 8433: 8423:"Close communion and membership" 8415: 8393: 8374: 8352: 8333: 8315: 8279: 8261: 8235: 8210: 8185: 8160: 8117: 8104: 8072: 8060: 8048: 8038: 8025: 7974: 7861: 7798: 7789: 7777: 7759: 7729: 7618: 7593: 7568: 7555: 7542: 7524: 7512: 7500: 7459:at elca.org Retrieved 2011-09-18 7450: 7431: 7412: 7395: 7378: 7337: 7317:"Baptists and the Lord's Supper" 7281: 7262: 7253: 7242: 7230: 7221: 7052: 7033: 7006: 6992: 6977:Catechism of the Catholic Church 6968: 6953:Catechism of the Catholic Church 6944: 6921: 6903: 6873: 6862: 6843: 6818: 6806: 6778: 6763:Catechism of the Catholic Church 6754: 6743: 6714: 6708: 6686: 6660: 6633: 6603: 6588:Catechism of the Catholic Church 6431:Catechism of the Catholic Church 5819:Catechism of the Catholic Church 5534:Catechism of the Catholic Church 5445:– via anglicanhistory.org. 5386:Catechism of the Catholic Church 4597: 4566: 4279:Eucharist in the Catholic Church 3982: 3955: 3853:Malankara Orthodox Syrian Church 3221:We need not now go up to Heaven, 3153:Many, on the other hand, follow 2993:Second London Baptist Confession 2775: 2434:Eucharist in the Catholic Church 2251:. In it, Paschasius agrees with 2095:First Epistle to the Corinthians 2049:First Epistle to the Corinthians 1591:First Epistle to the Corinthians 1584: 1322:bread and wine. Passages in the 1208: 1157: 88: 10010:First seven ecumenical councils 9357:. Darton, Longman, Todd. 1999. 8856:ZENIT International News Agency 7923:Bennett, David Malcolm (2014). 7819:Whalen, William Joseph (1981). 7577:"The Lord's Supper: How Often?" 7227:Book of Common Prayer Catechism 6642:"Summa Theologiae, Question 77" 6579: 6570: 6548: 6522: 6497: 6474: 6460: 6422: 6397: 6372: 6349: 6326: 6320:Baptism, Eucharist and Ministry 6311: 6285: 6225: 6194: 6163: 6151: 6126: 6101: 6077: 6073:Letter to the Philadelphians, 4 6066: 6055: 6008: 5995: 5979: 5968: 5937: 5926: 5915: 5904: 5893: 5863: 5846: 5810: 5797: 5784: 5771: 5751: 5740: 5729: 5718: 5703: 5683: 5663: 5621:10.1002/9780470670606.wbecc0112 5604: 5577: 5515: 5490: 5465: 5449: 5423: 5401: 5377: 5336: 5309: 5282: 5265: 5252: 5239: 5226: 5213: 5202: 5145: 5116: 5099: 5011: 4990: 4977:Four Views on the Lord's Supper 4969: 4958:(B&H Publishing Group 2011 4882: 4860: 4558:Baptism, Eucharist and Ministry 4550: 4529: 4516: 4507: 4498: 4450: 3209:states that, " Jesus Christ is 3187:regulative principle of worship 2499:Sanctuary of Our Lady of Fátima 2497:Eucharistic celebration at the 2388:Baptism, Eucharist and Ministry 1337:The elements of the Eucharist, 30:For Eucharistic liturgies, see 10877:Relations with other religions 10283:Church of the East (Nestorian) 10278:Oriental Orthodox (Miaphysite) 9376:The Faith of the Early Fathers 9181:"The Blessed Eucharist." 8586:"Code of Canon Law, canon 919" 8543:"Code of Canon Law, canon 916" 8401:"ELCA Full Communion Partners" 8360:"Code of Canon Law, canon 844" 8125:"Doctrine and Covenants 20:75" 7471:"Lesson 13: The Lord's Supper" 5990:The canon of the New Testament 5871:"Eucharist and Gospel of John" 5132:Introducing Early Christianity 5029:Eucharist in the New Testament 4840: 4811: 4706: 4632: 4617: 4357:The Adoration of the Sacrament 3863: 3769:Lutheran Church–Missouri Synod 3374:Holy Qurbana of Addai and Mari 3229:To every faithful soul appear, 3225:Thou art to all already given, 2780: 2642:, so the Eucharist became the 1775:Sacrament or Blessed Sacrament 1734: 1475:was originally written in the 1435: 1041:The New Church (Swedenborgian) 986:Nondenominational Christianity 77: 43:Lord's Supper (disambiguation) 13: 1: 10982:Lutheran sacraments and rites 10977:Lutheran Eucharistic theology 10942:Anglican Eucharistic theology 9658:. Nashville: Abingdon, 1993. 9449:The Saint Andrew Daily Missal 9292:, Alba House Publishing 2001 9284:Cabrera de Armida, Concepcion 9111:"Hands Off After Wafer Scare" 9013:10.1016/s0196-6553(98)70029-x 8055:Reasoning From The Scriptures 7821:Minority Religions in America 7016:The Great Church in Captivity 6723:Fourth Lateran Council (1215) 6062:Letter to the Smyrnaeans, 7-8 5586:"The Lutheran Way of Worship" 5436:Society of SS. Peter and Paul 4610: 4432:Catholic theology of the body 4352:period, approx. 16th century) 4284:Sacrament (Latter Day Saints) 4102:Christian Missionary Alliance 4012:non-celiac gluten sensitivity 3942:The Eucharist displayed in a 3785:Evangelical Church in Germany 3706: 3124:Continental Reformed Churches 2530:Fourth Council of the Lateran 2248:De Corpore et Sanguine Domini 2218: 2211: 2174: 2100:passage for 'remembrance' is 9493:, IV (No. 1–2), March, 1910. 9346:Close Communion and Baptists 8985:, 12 March 1974, pp. 257–59. 7663:Key United Methodist Beliefs 7473:. Plymouth Brethren Writings 6737:Fourth Lateran Council: 1215 6005:. Citing Riggs, John W. 1984 5860:, article: "John, Gospel of" 4393: 4323: 4262:Thanksgiving after Communion 3919: 3631:observed Communion, founder 3474:Seventh-day Adventist Church 3420: 3291:Nondenominational Christians 3192: 2991:, which is expressed in the 2763:("invocation") by which the 2185:to whom he has entrusted it. 2133:(or love feast), the shared 2108: 2063:but also in other passages. 1763: 1752: 1708: 1666: 1601: 1519: 1487: 1479:language and the Greek noun 1466: 1446:Last Supper in Christian art 1302:in most churches, and as an 1259: 1046:Unitarians and Universalists 27:Christian rite and sacrament 7: 10584:Views on poverty and wealth 9518:. Our Sunday Visitor, 1999. 9514:McBride, Alfred, O. Praem. 8970:Compare John Howard Spahr, 8714:is lifelong adherence to a 8362:. Intratext.com. 4 May 2007 7823:. Alba House. p. 104. 7771:The United Methodist Church 7686:Crowther, Jonathan (1815). 7315:Wax, Trevin (6 June 2007). 7188:Vos, Nelvin (16 May 2009). 6531:"Summa Theologiæ Article 2" 6241:Westminster John Knox Press 6203:"Part VI | Book of Concord" 5615:, American Cancer Society, 5232:Christopher A. Stephenson, 5221:Catholic Biblical Quarterly 4921:LaVerdiere, Eugene (1996), 4789:Poulson, Christine (1999). 4268:Views of different churches 4150: 3874: 3835:non-denominational churches 3629:Church of Christ, Scientist 3590:Non-observing denominations 3505:, according to the ancient 3018: 2947: 2853: 2324:is changed, not to explain 2224:) mentions in this regard: 1910:traditions, whether in the 1817:Mass in the Catholic Church 70: 10: 11013: 10829:World Evangelical Alliance 10791:Traditionalist Catholicism 9706:Sacrament of the Eucharist 9367:Henke, Frederick Goodrich 9065:10.1016/j.ijid.2013.05.001 8273:Friends General Conference 8114:, 15 February 1990, p. 16. 7847:. Nomos. 1992. p. 6. 7688:A Portraiture of Methodism 7215:The Dictionary of Religion 7137:Knouse, Nola Reed (2008). 6982:Libreria Editrice Vaticana 6958:Libreria Editrice Vaticana 6768:Libreria Editrice Vaticana 6609: 6593:Libreria Editrice Vaticana 6436:Libreria Editrice Vaticana 5824:Libreria Editrice Vaticana 5563:. Routledge. p. 185. 5430:Prestige, Leonard (1927). 5391:Libreria Editrice Vaticana 4539:. His works are edited in 4232:Communion under both kinds 4115: 4032:Christian views on alcohol 4029: 4025: 3991: 3931: 3867: 3837:practice various forms of 3663: 3642: 3610: 3547: 3491: 3383: 3350: 3237:Wesleyan covenant theology 3132:Congregationalist Churches 3111: 3028: 3022: 2913:by member churches of the 2857: 2708: 2677: 2638:) As the Passover was the 2486: 2461: 2431: 2289: 2230: 2154: 2102: 2066: 2047:. It also is found in the 2000: 1996: 1973: 1902: 1810: 1758: 1746: 1712:) in 1 Corinthians 10:16: 1702: 1595: 1503: 1493: 1481: 1448:, as in this 16th-century 1251: 456:Christian views on alcohol 215:Communion under both kinds 40: 36:Eucharist (disambiguation) 29: 10952:Ceremonial food and drink 10894: 10844: 10824:World Council of Churches 10799: 10717: 10601: 10592: 10547: 10332: 10316: 10311:Latter Day Saint movement 10296: 10256: 10156: 10137: 10083: 10040: 9985: 9891: 9870: 9829: 9797: 9754: 9252:Council of Trent (1829). 8977:21 September 2008 at the 8800:10.1016/j.bpg.2015.04.006 8067:Insight on the Scriptures 7898:Lee, David Y. T. (2018). 7695:the preaching of the word 7013:Runciman, Steven (1968). 6885:16, no. 4 (2008): 102–05" 6869:1 Cor. 11:23–25 5790:Heron, Alisdair >I.C. 5757:Heron, Alisdair >I.C. 5710:Moloney, Francis (2001). 5456:Oxford English Dictionary 5316:Richardson, Alan (1958). 4764:McKim, Donald K. (1998). 4562:World Council of Churches 4415: 3987: 3885:Penance or Reconciliation 3660:Open and closed communion 3183:Presbyterian Church (USA) 3170:.) in view of the use of 3031:Divine Service (Lutheran) 2919:proposed 1928 prayer book 2392:World Council of Churches 2012:Christ with the Eucharist 1916:Eastern Catholic Churches 1872:. The former consists of 1833:churches (especially the 1636:rather than a sacrament. 316:Catholic historical roots 10962:Eastern Orthodox liturgy 10852:Anti-Christian sentiment 10032:Christian biblical canon 9686:The Bread Which We Break 9672:. 1916, pp. 347–49. 9498:Massillon, Jean-Baptiste 9271:The Shape of the Liturgy 8837:29 December 2010 at the 8708:dermatitis herpetiformis 7717:Watson, Richard (1852). 7552:Oxford: Blackwell (2003) 7213:Benham, William (1887). 6813:Session XIII, chapter IV 6610:Mulcahy, O.P., Bernard. 5530:Catholic Church (1997). 5522:Catholic Church (2006). 5411:. Christ Lutheran Church 5272:Higgins, Jethro (2018), 5223:77.3 (July 2015), 503-21 4443: 4427:Catholic social teaching 4274:Eucharist in Anglicanism 4112:Transmission of diseases 4008:gluten-related disorders 3494:Memorial of Jesus' Death 3366:East Syriac Christianity 3084:assemblies, also termed 3025:Eucharist in Lutheranism 2983:, while others, such as 2860:Eucharist in Anglicanism 2844:right hand of fellowship 2726:Oriental Orthodox Church 2383:of the death of Christ. 1870:Liturgy of the Eucharist 407:Denominational teachings 10906:Christianity portal 10065:Investiture Controversy 9570:Piolanti, Antonio, ed. 9186:Sermons from the Latins 8702:The only treatment for 8497:ChurchofJesusChrist.org 8452:. Retrieved 2016–12–28. 8390:. Retrieved 2013–03–23. 8222:ChurchofJesusChrist.org 8197:ChurchofJesusChrist.org 8172:ChurchofJesusChrist.org 7428:. Retrieved 2011–04–25. 7217:. Cassell. p. 719. 7169:. Moravian Church. 2010 7062:. Gameo. 24 August 2013 6384:www.merriam-webster.com 6358:Presbyterorum ordinis 5 5559:Spicer, Andrew (2016). 5502:Encyclopedia Britannica 5278:, Oregon Catholic Press 5184:Roberts, B. H. (1938). 5159:. Ccel.org. 1 June 2005 5048:Milavec, Aaron (2003). 4952:, Matthew R. Crawford, 4366:by Martin Luther (1528) 4360:by Martin Luther (1523) 4330:Origin of the Eucharist 4066:United Methodist Church 3803:Congregational churches 3718:Mass of the Catechumens 3276:United Methodist Church 3248:Methodist denominations 2577:Reception and devotions 2142:Early Christian sources 2061:Bread of Life Discourse 2003:Origin of the Eucharist 1912:Eastern Orthodox Church 1806: 1803:" is used of the rite. 1412:universally affirm the 1406:real spiritual presence 311:Origin of the Eucharist 240:Feast of Corpus Christi 10857:Christian universalism 10248:Western Rite Orthodoxy 10093:Protestant Reformation 9680:The Meal Jesus Gave Us 9574:. Roma: Desclée, 1957. 9536:Nevin, John Williamson 9510:. Thomas Tegg and Son. 9199:"The Eucharist." 9159:(English translation: 8736:Aliment Pharmacol Ther 8445:9 October 2016 at the 7875:. 2017. Archived from 7532:"Brethren Online FAQs" 7289:Graves, J. R. (1928). 7045:26 August 2018 at the 5944:Lambert, J.C. (1978). 5933:1 Corinthians 11:17–34 5922:1 Corinthians 11:23–25 5807:Pelican (1963) p. 237 5190:. Deseret News Press. 5031:by Jerome Kodell 1988 5018:1 Corinthians 11:23–24 4849:by Stefano Zuffi 2003 4818:Campbell, Ted (1996). 4628:1 Corinthians 11:23–25 4586: 4580: 4574: 4541: 4491: 4482: 4350:Protestant Reformation 4127: 4070:Seventh-day Adventists 3947: 3929: 3912:Protestant confessions 3870:Eucharistic discipline 3807:Church of the Nazarene 3801:communities including 3691: 3550:Sacrament (LDS Church) 3468:Seventh-day Adventists 3458: 3407:Liturgy of Saint James 3399:West Syrian traditions 3304: 3202: 3146: 3040: 2957: 2876: 2832: 2791:Church of the Brethren 2714:Rite of Constantinople 2675: 2599: 2592:sacramental absolution 2560: 2502: 2447: 2268:Jews and the Eucharist 2247: 2236: 2205: 2193: 2122: 2019: 1930: 1853: 1847: 1732: 1724:of the body of Christ? 1696: 1681:Protestant Reformation 1663: 1652: 1617: 1614:1 Corinthians 11:20–21 1515: 1512:1 Corinthians 11:23–24 1463: 1410:eucharistic theologies 34:. For other uses, see 10957:Christian terminology 10515:Anointing of the Sick 9433:Latinovic, Vladimir, 9419:Latinovic, Vladimir, 9405:Latinovic, Vladimir, 8896:The Gluten-Free Bible 7627:anglicancommunion.org 7443:24 March 2011 at the 7438:How Lutherans Worship 7424:20 March 2011 at the 6728:Catholic Encyclopedia 6621:. Knights of Columbus 6558:. History.hanover.edu 6380:"Definition of PASCH" 5781:UBS (1971) pp. 173ff 4847:Gospel Figures in Art 4382:Year of the Eucharist 4125: 4108:Protestant churches. 4104:, and other American 3941: 3934:Eucharistic adoration 3932:Further information: 3927: 3727:Churches such as the 3681: 3560:Latter-Day Saint Ward 3453: 3315:churches such as the 3298: 3200: 3176:Jewish Passover meals 3140: 3128:Presbyterian Churches 3038: 2955: 2910:Book of Common Prayer 2872:Book of Common Prayer 2867: 2827: 2754:Greek Orthodox Church 2673: 2617:eucharistic adoration 2555: 2496: 2441: 2226: 2194: 2182: 2120: 2031:appears in all three 2010: 2001:Further information: 1991:Eritrean Christianity 1876:from the Bible and a 1714: 1658: 1645:Kremikovtsi Monastery 1642: 1607: 1499: 1443: 1418:Evangelical Anglicans 1298:that is considered a 200:Practices and customs 10836:Nondenominationalism 10709:Role in civilization 10176:Independent Catholic 10118:Relations with Islam 10098:Catholic Reformation 9614:Schmemann, Alexander 9516:Celebrating the Mass 9489:. Clark University. 9374:Jurgens, William A. 9188:. Benziger Brothers. 8574:on 30 November 2012. 8481:on 26 February 2011. 8381:Evangelical Lutheran 8018:. 18 December 2020. 8016:New Apostolic Church 7990:New Apostolic Church 7960:New Apostolic Church 7873:New Apostolic Church 7784:Communion Cups, 1000 7548:McGrath, Alister E. 7407:Christian Cyclopedia 7321:The Gospel Coalition 7259:The Study of Liturgy 7249:The Study of Liturgy 7237:The Study of Liturgy 6612:"The Holy Eucharist" 6003:The historical Jesus 5649:. Liturgical Press. 4547:, volume 120 (1852). 4302:Sacramental theology 4221:Eucharistic practice 4163:Eucharistic theology 4157:Eucharistic theology 3946:, flanked by candles 3655:Practice and customs 3637:Christian Scientists 3623:Christian Scientists 3441:New Apostolic Church 3334:, among others, use 3299:Communion elements: 3254:. Variations of the 3122:(which includes the 3005:Independent Baptists 2686:Eastern Christianity 2366:Articles of Religion 2362:Thirty-Nine Articles 2292:Eucharistic theology 2286:Eucharistic theology 2239:Paschasius Radbertus 2158:, "teaching") is an 883:Independent Catholic 181:Words of Institution 10947:Anglican sacraments 10882:Unlimited atonement 10867:Cultural Christians 10306:Jehovah's Witnesses 9928:Sermon on the Mount 9857:Christian tradition 9784:Lists of Christians 9630:Scotland, N. A. D. 9581:, Ingolstadt, 1577 9454:Löhr, Hermut, ed., 9391:The Book of Concord 9115:Wall Street Journal 8938:on 4 December 2010. 8852:"Gluten-free Hosts" 8461:(Book of Worship). 8386:7 July 2011 at the 8309:Commonweal Magazine 8305:"The Last Shakers?" 8249:on 13 December 2014 7747:on 27 December 2013 7550:Reformation Thought 7344:Augsburg Confession 6915:www.catholicity.com 6891:on 10 December 2010 6213:on 16 November 2021 6182:on 16 November 2021 6084:St. Justin Martyr. 6022:on 29 December 2007 5792:Table and Tradition 5759:Table and Tradition 5353:1987Natur.329..578B 4975:John H. Armstrong, 4950:Thomas R. Schreiner 4581:"transubstantiatis" 4575:"transubstantiatio" 4242:Fraction (religion) 4185:Eucharistic Prayers 4168:Eucharistic miracle 3846:Community of Christ 3627:Although the early 3499:Jehovah's Witnesses 3488:Jehovah's Witnesses 3447:, emphasizing "the 3403:Syriac Christianity 3342:Syriac Christianity 2985:Particular Baptists 2835:Nicolaus Zinzendorf 2767:is invoked and the 2377:Anabaptist Churches 2346:Reformed Christians 2171:Ignatius of Antioch 1979:Coptic Christianity 1951:Syriac Christianity 1941:Other Eastern rites 1866:Liturgy of the Word 1729:1 Corinthians 10:16 1531:Ignatius of Antioch 1402:Reformed Christians 1314:, the night before 1164:Christianity portal 1021:Jehovah's Witnesses 701:History of theology 461:Eucharistic miracle 10727:Crusading movement 9995:Ante-Nicene period 9447:Lefebvre, Gaspar. 9176:Bellarmine, Robert 9153:, 324 – via 9027:on 3 December 2013 8952:. Copticchurch.net 8893:Jax Peter Lowell, 8649:on 25 January 2013 7992:. 18 December 2020 7962:. 18 December 2020 7561:Hendry, George S. 7506:Muller, G. (1860) 7384:F. L. Cross, ed., 6883:Inside the Vatican 6794:on 6 December 2018 6440:Paragraphs 1362–67 6299:on 7 November 2013 6239:. Louisville, KY: 6233:Horton, Michael S. 5881:on 15 October 2013 5841:Harris, Stephen L. 5805:The Gospel of Luke 5777:Metzger, Bruce M. 5679:Lord's Supper, The 5584:Kellerman, James. 5473:"Concluding Rites" 4589:transsubstantiatis 4458:Oriental Orthodoxy 4295:Transubstantiation 4179:Liturgical worship 4128: 4078:Churches of Christ 3948: 3930: 3831:Churches of Christ 3749:Church of the East 3735:Churches practice 3692: 3534:transubstantiation 3427:Irvingian Churches 3332:Churches of Christ 3309:Churches of Christ 3305: 3256:Eucharistic Prayer 3203: 3147: 3120:Reformed tradition 3098:Exclusive Brethren 3066:transubstantiation 3041: 2989:pneumatic presence 2981:Free Will Baptists 2958: 2915:Anglican Communion 2877: 2676: 2627:prefigured in the 2561: 2559:celebrates a Mass. 2540:transubstantiation 2519:transubstantiation 2503: 2483:As a real presence 2448: 2402:Ritual and liturgy 2350:spiritual presence 2318:Transubstantiation 2314:Church of the East 2310:Oriental Orthodoxy 2262:transubstantiation 2123: 2020: 2016:Vicente Juan Masip 1835:Churches of Sweden 1664: 1653: 1464: 1382:transubstantiation 1367:Eucharistic Prayer 903:Church of the East 767:Early Christianity 373:Transubstantiation 235:Reserved sacrament 124:Ritual and liturgy 10924: 10923: 10890: 10889: 10818:Charta Oecumenica 10328: 10327: 10318:Iglesia ni Cristo 10133: 10132: 10113:French Revolution 10103:Thirty Years' War 9975:Apostolic fathers 9943:Great Commandment 9670:The Interior Life 9648:Stoffer, Dale R. 9318:This Holy Mystery 9233:The Lord's Supper 9194:Berington, Joseph 8983:Christian Century 8682:10.1159/000347180 8528:978-0-9972544-4-0 8327:www.newadvent.org 7934:978-1-62564-865-5 7909:978-1-5275-1208-5 7854:978-3-8329-2132-3 7830:978-0-8189-0413-4 7565:SCM (1960) p. 232 7199:978-0-7618-4470-9 6640:Aquinas, Thomas. 6529:Aquinas, Thomas. 6275:978-0-8308-7890-1 6207:bookofconcord.org 6176:bookofconcord.org 5875:VatiKos Theologie 4955:The Lord's Supper 4543:Patrologia Latina 4289:Sacramental union 4215:Canon of the Mass 4141:Church of England 4090:Assemblies of God 3956:Blessed Sacrament 3811:Assemblies of God 3779:instruction. The 3745:Oriental Orthodox 3564:Sacrament meeting 3544:Latter-day Saints 3538:consubstantiation 3462:consubstantiation 3241:covenant of grace 3086:Plymouth Brethren 3057:consubstantiation 3053:sacramental union 3001:Founders movement 2997:Southern Baptists 2889:Church of England 2870:1845 illustrated 2666:Eastern Orthodoxy 2621:Catholic theology 2557:Pope Benedict XVI 2505:According to the 2340:sacramental union 2306:Eastern Orthodoxy 1935:Lutheran churches 1825:" is used in the 1781:Blessed Sacrament 1769:Plymouth Brethren 1740:Breaking of bread 1573:Latter-day Saints 1549:Oriental Orthodox 1454:Leonardo da Vinci 1398:sacramental union 1390:Oriental Orthodox 1285:Blessed Sacrament 1279:), also known as 1257: 1200: 1199: 1053: 1052: 1026:Latter Day Saints 1011:Iglesia ni Cristo 976:United Protestant 961:Plymouth Brethren 896:Oriental Orthodox 504: 503: 368:Transignification 363:Sacramental union 341:Consubstantiation 32:Christian liturgy 16:(Redirected from 11004: 10914: 10913: 10904: 10903: 10747:Environmentalism 10697:Church buildings 10599: 10598: 10414:Eastern Orthodox 10409:Eastern Catholic 10321: 10320: 10288:Eastern Catholic 10266:Eastern Orthodox 10154: 10153: 10075:Age of Discovery 10060:East–West Schism 9958:Great Commission 9889: 9888: 9741: 9734: 9727: 9718: 9717: 9589:; German title: 9585:. (Latin title: 9511: 9505: 9330:Father Gabriel. 9263: 9257: 9246:Church, Catholic 9229:Chemnitz, Martin 9207: 9201: 9189: 9183: 9171: 9158: 9126: 9125: 9123: 9121: 9106: 9100: 9099: 9097: 9095: 9084: 9078: 9077: 9067: 9043: 9037: 9036: 9034: 9032: 9023:. Archived from 8992: 8986: 8968: 8962: 8961: 8959: 8957: 8946: 8940: 8939: 8934:. Archived from 8928: 8922: 8921: 8920:on 16 June 2012. 8916:. Archived from 8906: 8900: 8891: 8885: 8878: 8872: 8871: 8869: 8867: 8858:. Archived from 8847: 8841: 8829: 8823: 8822: 8783: 8777: 8776: 8751: 8727: 8721: 8720: 8665: 8659: 8658: 8656: 8654: 8639: 8633: 8632: 8627:. Archived from 8621: 8612: 8611: 8610:on 21 July 2008. 8606:. Archived from 8600: 8594: 8593: 8592:on 28 June 2011. 8588:. Archived from 8582: 8576: 8575: 8570:. Archived from 8560: 8551: 8550: 8549:on 28 June 2011. 8545:. Archived from 8539: 8533: 8532: 8514: 8508: 8507: 8505: 8503: 8489: 8483: 8482: 8477:. Archived from 8471: 8465: 8459: 8453: 8437: 8431: 8430: 8419: 8413: 8412: 8410: 8408: 8397: 8391: 8378: 8372: 8371: 8369: 8367: 8356: 8350: 8349: 8337: 8331: 8330: 8319: 8313: 8312: 8301: 8295: 8294: 8283: 8277: 8276: 8265: 8259: 8258: 8256: 8254: 8239: 8233: 8232: 8230: 8228: 8214: 8208: 8207: 8205: 8203: 8189: 8183: 8182: 8180: 8178: 8164: 8158: 8157: 8155: 8153: 8143: 8137: 8136: 8134: 8132: 8121: 8115: 8108: 8102: 8101: 8092: 8083: 8076: 8070: 8064: 8058: 8052: 8046: 8042: 8036: 8029: 8023: 8022: 8008: 8002: 8001: 7999: 7997: 7978: 7972: 7971: 7969: 7967: 7948: 7939: 7938: 7920: 7914: 7913: 7895: 7889: 7888: 7886: 7884: 7879:on 29 April 2021 7865: 7859: 7858: 7841: 7835: 7834: 7816: 7810: 7809: 7802: 7796: 7793: 7787: 7781: 7775: 7774: 7763: 7757: 7756: 7754: 7752: 7743:. Archived from 7733: 7727: 7726: 7714: 7708: 7707: 7683: 7677: 7676: 7658: 7652: 7651: 7634: 7628: 7622: 7616: 7615: 7613: 7611: 7597: 7591: 7590: 7582:Ordained Servant 7572: 7566: 7559: 7553: 7546: 7540: 7539: 7534:. Archived from 7528: 7522: 7516: 7510: 7504: 7498: 7492: 7483: 7482: 7480: 7478: 7466: 7460: 7454: 7448: 7435: 7429: 7416: 7410: 7399: 7393: 7382: 7376: 7375: 7353: 7347: 7341: 7335: 7334: 7329: 7327: 7312: 7303: 7302: 7285: 7279: 7269:Matthew 26:26–29 7266: 7260: 7257: 7251: 7246: 7240: 7234: 7228: 7225: 7219: 7218: 7210: 7204: 7203: 7185: 7179: 7178: 7176: 7174: 7163: 7157: 7156: 7134: 7128: 7127: 7109: 7100: 7099: 7078: 7072: 7071: 7069: 7067: 7056: 7050: 7037: 7031: 7030: 7010: 7004: 7003: 6996: 6990: 6989: 6980:(2nd ed.). 6972: 6966: 6965: 6956:(2nd ed.). 6948: 6942: 6941: 6939: 6937: 6925: 6919: 6918: 6911:"Holy Communion" 6907: 6901: 6900: 6898: 6896: 6887:. Archived from 6877: 6871: 6866: 6860: 6850:Matthew 26:26–28 6847: 6841: 6840: 6838: 6836: 6822: 6816: 6810: 6804: 6803: 6801: 6799: 6790:. Archived from 6782: 6776: 6775: 6766:(2nd ed.). 6758: 6752: 6747: 6741: 6732: 6718: 6717: 6712: 6706: 6705: 6703: 6701: 6694:"Denzinger 8020" 6690: 6684: 6683: 6681: 6679: 6670:. Archived from 6664: 6658: 6657: 6655: 6653: 6637: 6631: 6630: 6628: 6626: 6616: 6607: 6601: 6600: 6591:(2nd ed.). 6583: 6577: 6574: 6568: 6567: 6565: 6563: 6552: 6546: 6545: 6543: 6541: 6526: 6520: 6519: 6517: 6515: 6501: 6495: 6494: 6492: 6490: 6478: 6472: 6471: 6464: 6458: 6457: 6450: 6444: 6443: 6434:(2nd ed.). 6426: 6420: 6419: 6417: 6415: 6401: 6395: 6394: 6392: 6390: 6376: 6370: 6369: 6367: 6365: 6353: 6347: 6346: 6344: 6342: 6335:Lumen gentium 11 6330: 6324: 6315: 6309: 6308: 6306: 6304: 6289: 6283: 6282: 6261: 6255: 6254: 6229: 6223: 6222: 6220: 6218: 6209:. Archived from 6198: 6192: 6191: 6189: 6187: 6178:. Archived from 6167: 6161: 6160:(emphasis added) 6155: 6149: 6148: 6130: 6124: 6121: 6112: 6105: 6099: 6098: 6096: 6094: 6081: 6075: 6070: 6064: 6059: 6053: 6052: 6046: 6041: 6039: 6031: 6029: 6027: 6018:. Archived from 6012: 6006: 5999: 5993: 5983: 5977: 5972: 5966: 5965: 5953: 5941: 5935: 5930: 5924: 5919: 5913: 5908: 5902: 5897: 5891: 5890: 5888: 5886: 5867: 5861: 5850: 5844: 5838: 5832: 5831: 5822:(2nd ed.). 5814: 5808: 5801: 5795: 5788: 5782: 5775: 5769: 5755: 5749: 5744: 5738: 5736:Matthew 26:26–29 5733: 5727: 5722: 5716: 5715: 5707: 5701: 5687: 5681: 5667: 5661: 5660: 5640: 5634: 5633: 5608: 5602: 5601: 5599: 5597: 5581: 5575: 5574: 5556: 5550: 5549: 5537: 5527: 5519: 5513: 5512: 5510: 5508: 5494: 5488: 5487: 5485: 5483: 5469: 5463: 5453: 5447: 5446: 5444: 5442: 5427: 5421: 5420: 5418: 5416: 5405: 5399: 5398: 5389:(2nd ed.). 5381: 5375: 5374: 5364: 5362:10.1038/329578b0 5340: 5334: 5333: 5323: 5313: 5307: 5286: 5280: 5279: 5269: 5263: 5256: 5250: 5245:Roger E. Olson, 5243: 5237: 5230: 5224: 5217: 5211: 5206: 5200: 5199: 5180: 5169: 5168: 5166: 5164: 5149: 5143: 5129: 5123: 5120: 5114: 5103: 5097: 5084: 5073: 5072: 5070: 5068: 5045: 5039: 5026: 5020: 5015: 5009: 4994: 4988: 4979:(Zondervan 2009 4973: 4967: 4947: 4938: 4937: 4918: 4905: 4904: 4902: 4900: 4886: 4880: 4879: 4877: 4875: 4864: 4858: 4844: 4838: 4837: 4815: 4809: 4808: 4786: 4780: 4779: 4761: 4755: 4754: 4732: 4726: 4725: 4723: 4721: 4710: 4704: 4703: 4701: 4699: 4685: 4672: 4671: 4665: 4657: 4636: 4630: 4621: 4604: 4601: 4595: 4593: 4583: 4577: 4570: 4564: 4560:document of the 4554: 4548: 4546: 4537:Pope Gregory VII 4533: 4527: 4520: 4514: 4511: 4505: 4502: 4496: 4494: 4485: 4454: 4388:Host desecration 4340:Marburg Colloquy 4257:Sacramental wine 4227:Closed communion 3895:Eastern Orthodox 3789:Church of Sweden 3741:Eastern Orthodox 3737:closed communion 3733:Eastern Orthodox 3711: 3708: 3701:. The apologist 3670:Closed communion 3362:Qurbana Qaddisha 3172:unleavened bread 3143:communion tokens 2942:1662 prayer book 2930:1552 prayer book 2901:Episcopal Church 2809:Moravian/Hussite 2711: 2710: 2648:Matthew 26:26–28 2602: 2535:Council of Trent 2390:document of the 2354:a range of views 2250: 2233: 2232: 2223: 2220: 2216: 2213: 2203: 2202:Philadephians, 4 2191: 2179: 2176: 2157: 2156: 2113: 2105: 2104: 2053:Paul the Apostle 2033:synoptic Gospels 1976: 1975: 1971:(from the Greek 1963:Alexandrian Rite 1905: 1904: 1860: 1850: 1766: 1761: 1760: 1755: 1753:klasis tou artou 1749: 1748: 1747:κλάσις τοῦ ἄρτου 1730: 1711: 1705: 1704: 1699: 1691:is derived from 1671:Use of the term 1615: 1604: 1602:Kyriakon deipnon 1598: 1597: 1596:Κυριακὸν δεῖπνον 1545:Eastern Orthodox 1522: 1513: 1506: 1505: 1496: 1495: 1490: 1484: 1483: 1452:painting, after 1386:Eastern Orthodox 1328:synoptic Gospels 1278: 1275: 1272: 1269: 1266: 1262: 1256:romanized: 1255: 1253: 1242: 1237: 1236: 1233: 1232: 1229: 1226: 1223: 1220: 1217: 1214: 1192: 1185: 1178: 1161: 1006:Christadelphians 936:Free Evangelical 889:Eastern Orthodox 846: 845: 797:East–West Schism 529: 506: 505: 496: 489: 482: 466:Host desecration 445:Related articles 423:Latter-day Saint 250:Infant communion 92: 80: 73: 50: 49: 21: 11012: 11011: 11007: 11006: 11005: 11003: 11002: 11001: 10927: 10926: 10925: 10920: 10898: 10886: 10840: 10795: 10713: 10594: 10588: 10543: 10468:One true church 10324: 10292: 10252: 10141: 10129: 10079: 10036: 9981: 9908:in Christianity 9894: 9880: 9874: 9866: 9825: 9801: 9793: 9750: 9745: 9696: 9691: 9636:Latimer Studies 9521:Neal, Gregory. 9332:Divine Intimacy 9316:Felton, Gayle. 9302:Elert, Werner. 9210:Bouyer, Louis. 9141:Aquinas, Thomas 9135: 9133:Further reading 9130: 9129: 9119: 9117: 9107: 9103: 9093: 9091: 9086: 9085: 9081: 9058:(11): e945–48. 9044: 9040: 9030: 9028: 8993: 8989: 8979:Wayback Machine 8972:I Smell the Cup 8969: 8965: 8955: 8953: 8948: 8947: 8943: 8930: 8929: 8925: 8908: 8907: 8903: 8892: 8888: 8879: 8875: 8865: 8863: 8848: 8844: 8839:Wayback Machine 8830: 8826: 8784: 8780: 8728: 8724: 8666: 8662: 8652: 8650: 8641: 8640: 8636: 8623: 8622: 8615: 8602: 8601: 8597: 8584: 8583: 8579: 8562: 8561: 8554: 8541: 8540: 8536: 8529: 8515: 8511: 8501: 8499: 8491: 8490: 8486: 8473: 8472: 8468: 8460: 8456: 8447:Wayback Machine 8438: 8434: 8421: 8420: 8416: 8406: 8404: 8399: 8398: 8394: 8388:Wayback Machine 8379: 8375: 8365: 8363: 8358: 8357: 8353: 8338: 8334: 8321: 8320: 8316: 8303: 8302: 8298: 8285: 8284: 8280: 8267: 8266: 8262: 8252: 8250: 8241: 8240: 8236: 8226: 8224: 8216: 8215: 8211: 8201: 8199: 8191: 8190: 8186: 8176: 8174: 8166: 8165: 8161: 8151: 8149: 8145: 8144: 8140: 8130: 8128: 8123: 8122: 8118: 8109: 8105: 8094: 8093: 8086: 8077: 8073: 8065: 8061: 8053: 8049: 8043: 8039: 8030: 8026: 8010: 8009: 8005: 7995: 7993: 7980: 7979: 7975: 7965: 7963: 7950: 7949: 7942: 7935: 7921: 7917: 7910: 7896: 7892: 7882: 7880: 7867: 7866: 7862: 7855: 7843: 7842: 7838: 7831: 7817: 7813: 7804: 7803: 7799: 7794: 7790: 7782: 7778: 7765: 7764: 7760: 7750: 7748: 7735: 7734: 7730: 7715: 7711: 7690:. p. 224. 7684: 7680: 7673: 7659: 7655: 7648: 7636: 7635: 7631: 7623: 7619: 7609: 7607: 7599: 7598: 7594: 7573: 7569: 7560: 7556: 7547: 7543: 7538:on 18 May 2016. 7530: 7529: 7525: 7518:Bradshaw, P.F. 7517: 7513: 7505: 7501: 7493: 7486: 7476: 7474: 7467: 7463: 7455: 7451: 7445:Wayback Machine 7436: 7432: 7426:Wayback Machine 7417: 7413: 7401:J. T. Mueller, 7400: 7396: 7383: 7379: 7368: 7354: 7350: 7342: 7338: 7325: 7323: 7313: 7306: 7286: 7282: 7267: 7263: 7258: 7254: 7247: 7243: 7235: 7231: 7226: 7222: 7211: 7207: 7200: 7186: 7182: 7172: 7170: 7165: 7164: 7160: 7149: 7135: 7131: 7124: 7110: 7103: 7093: 7079: 7075: 7065: 7063: 7058: 7057: 7053: 7047:Wayback Machine 7038: 7034: 7027: 7011: 7007: 6998: 6997: 6993: 6974: 6973: 6969: 6950: 6949: 6945: 6935: 6933: 6927: 6926: 6922: 6909: 6908: 6904: 6894: 6892: 6879: 6878: 6874: 6867: 6863: 6848: 6844: 6834: 6832: 6824: 6823: 6819: 6815:; cf. canon II) 6811: 6807: 6797: 6795: 6784: 6783: 6779: 6760: 6759: 6755: 6748: 6744: 6715: 6713: 6709: 6699: 6697: 6692: 6691: 6687: 6677: 6675: 6666: 6665: 6661: 6651: 6649: 6638: 6634: 6624: 6622: 6614: 6608: 6604: 6585: 6584: 6580: 6575: 6571: 6561: 6559: 6554: 6553: 6549: 6539: 6537: 6527: 6523: 6513: 6511: 6503: 6502: 6498: 6488: 6486: 6480: 6479: 6475: 6466: 6465: 6461: 6452: 6451: 6447: 6428: 6427: 6423: 6413: 6411: 6403: 6402: 6398: 6388: 6386: 6378: 6377: 6373: 6363: 6361: 6355: 6354: 6350: 6340: 6338: 6332: 6331: 6327: 6316: 6312: 6302: 6300: 6291: 6290: 6286: 6276: 6262: 6258: 6251: 6243:. p. 126. 6230: 6226: 6216: 6214: 6199: 6195: 6185: 6183: 6168: 6164: 6156: 6152: 6145: 6131: 6127: 6122: 6115: 6106: 6102: 6092: 6090: 6082: 6078: 6071: 6067: 6060: 6056: 6044: 6042: 6033: 6032: 6025: 6023: 6014: 6013: 6009: 6000: 5996: 5984: 5980: 5973: 5969: 5962: 5942: 5938: 5931: 5927: 5920: 5916: 5909: 5905: 5898: 5894: 5884: 5882: 5869: 5868: 5864: 5851: 5847: 5839: 5835: 5816: 5815: 5811: 5802: 5798: 5789: 5785: 5776: 5772: 5756: 5752: 5745: 5741: 5734: 5730: 5723: 5719: 5708: 5704: 5688: 5684: 5668: 5664: 5657: 5641: 5637: 5631: 5609: 5605: 5595: 5593: 5592:on 19 June 2017 5582: 5578: 5571: 5557: 5553: 5546: 5520: 5516: 5506: 5504: 5496: 5495: 5491: 5481: 5479: 5471: 5470: 5466: 5454: 5450: 5440: 5438: 5428: 5424: 5414: 5412: 5407: 5406: 5402: 5383: 5382: 5378: 5341: 5337: 5314: 5310: 5287: 5283: 5270: 5266: 5257: 5253: 5244: 5240: 5231: 5227: 5218: 5214: 5207: 5203: 5181: 5172: 5162: 5160: 5151: 5150: 5146: 5130: 5126: 5121: 5117: 5104: 5100: 5085: 5076: 5066: 5064: 5062: 5046: 5042: 5027: 5023: 5016: 5012: 4995: 4991: 4974: 4970: 4948: 4941: 4935: 4919: 4908: 4898: 4896: 4888: 4887: 4883: 4873: 4871: 4866: 4865: 4861: 4845: 4841: 4834: 4816: 4812: 4801: 4787: 4783: 4776: 4762: 4758: 4747: 4733: 4729: 4719: 4717: 4716:. 27 March 2020 4712: 4711: 4707: 4697: 4695: 4687: 4686: 4675: 4659: 4658: 4654: 4637: 4633: 4622: 4618: 4613: 4608: 4607: 4602: 4598: 4571: 4567: 4555: 4551: 4534: 4530: 4521: 4517: 4512: 4508: 4503: 4499: 4455: 4451: 4446: 4441: 4418: 4396: 4372:(1530 and 1540) 4346:Sacramentarians 4334:The Last Supper 4326: 4304: 4270: 4237:First Communion 4223: 4181: 4159: 4153: 4120: 4114: 4034: 4028: 3996: 3990: 3985: 3936: 3922: 3914: 3906:All-Night Vigil 3897: 3877: 3872: 3866: 3709: 3688:Catholic Church 3676: 3664:Main articles: 3662: 3657: 3645: 3633:Mary Baker Eddy 3625: 3613: 3597: 3592: 3552: 3546: 3518:Christ the King 3507:Jewish calendar 3496: 3490: 3470: 3423: 3418: 3388: 3382: 3355: 3349: 3344: 3293: 3233: 3230: 3228: 3226: 3224: 3222: 3195: 3116: 3110: 3078: 3033: 3027: 3021: 2999:, those in the 2972:is often used. 2950: 2924:The so-called " 2862: 2856: 2848:Maundy Thursday 2815:Moravian Church 2811: 2783: 2778: 2722:Basil the Great 2720:, the other to 2718:John Chrysostom 2682: 2668: 2619:. According to 2579: 2507:Catholic Church 2491: 2485: 2466: 2460: 2444:Tridentine Mass 2436: 2430: 2428:Catholic Church 2404: 2294: 2288: 2270: 2221: 2214: 2204: 2201: 2192: 2190:Smyrnaeans, 7–8 2189: 2178: 35 or 50 2177: 2144: 2097: 2069: 2025: 2018:, 16th century. 2005: 1999: 1977:) is common in 1943: 1903:Θεία Λειτουργία 1890: 1851:, a dismissal: 1827:Catholic Church 1819: 1811:Main articles: 1809: 1785:Anglo-Catholics 1777: 1742: 1737: 1731: 1728: 1685:First Communion 1669: 1616: 1613: 1587: 1514: 1511: 1469: 1438: 1422:Anglo-Catholics 1374:Catholic Church 1363:communion table 1316:his crucifixion 1276: 1273: 1270: 1267: 1240: 1211: 1207: 1196: 1133: 1132: 1103:Other religions 1063: 1055: 1054: 843: 842: 822: 821: 742: 741: 721: 720: 654: 644: 643: 604: 603: 585: 584: 550: 549: 500: 471: 470: 446: 438: 437: 408: 400: 399: 385:Sacramentarians 331: 321: 320: 306: 298: 297: 284: 245:First Communion 201: 193: 192: 125: 117: 116: 115: 100: 83: 76: 69: 65: 46: 39: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 11010: 11000: 10999: 10994: 10989: 10984: 10979: 10974: 10969: 10964: 10959: 10954: 10949: 10944: 10939: 10922: 10921: 10919: 10918: 10908: 10895: 10892: 10891: 10888: 10887: 10885: 10884: 10879: 10874: 10869: 10864: 10859: 10854: 10848: 10846: 10842: 10841: 10839: 10838: 10833: 10832: 10831: 10826: 10821: 10809: 10803: 10801: 10797: 10796: 10794: 10793: 10788: 10783: 10778: 10773: 10764: 10759: 10757:Fundamentalism 10754: 10752:Existentialism 10749: 10744: 10739: 10734: 10729: 10723: 10721: 10715: 10714: 10712: 10711: 10706: 10705: 10704: 10694: 10689: 10684: 10679: 10674: 10669: 10664: 10663: 10662: 10652: 10651: 10650: 10645: 10643:God the Father 10640: 10635: 10630: 10620: 10619: 10618: 10607: 10605: 10596: 10590: 10589: 10587: 10586: 10581: 10576: 10575: 10574: 10564: 10559: 10553: 10551: 10545: 10544: 10542: 10541: 10540: 10539: 10529: 10524: 10523: 10522: 10517: 10512: 10507: 10502: 10497: 10492: 10482: 10481: 10480: 10475: 10470: 10465: 10463:Body of Christ 10460: 10450: 10445: 10440: 10439: 10438: 10428: 10423: 10422: 10421: 10416: 10411: 10406: 10396: 10391: 10386: 10381: 10376: 10371: 10366: 10365: 10364: 10359: 10354: 10349: 10338: 10336: 10330: 10329: 10326: 10325: 10323: 10322: 10313: 10308: 10302: 10300: 10298:Restorationist 10294: 10293: 10291: 10290: 10285: 10280: 10275: 10274: 10273: 10262: 10260: 10254: 10253: 10251: 10250: 10245: 10244: 10243: 10238: 10233: 10228: 10223: 10218: 10213: 10208: 10203: 10198: 10193: 10188: 10178: 10173: 10168: 10162: 10160: 10151: 10135: 10134: 10131: 10130: 10128: 10127: 10126: 10125: 10115: 10110: 10105: 10100: 10095: 10089: 10087: 10081: 10080: 10078: 10077: 10072: 10067: 10062: 10057: 10052: 10046: 10044: 10038: 10037: 10035: 10034: 10029: 10024: 10023: 10022: 10017: 10007: 10002: 10000:Late antiquity 9997: 9991: 9989: 9983: 9982: 9980: 9979: 9978: 9977: 9970:Church fathers 9967: 9962: 9961: 9960: 9955: 9950: 9945: 9940: 9935: 9930: 9925: 9920: 9915: 9910: 9899: 9897: 9886: 9868: 9867: 9865: 9864: 9859: 9854: 9849: 9844: 9839: 9833: 9831: 9827: 9826: 9824: 9823: 9818: 9813: 9807: 9805: 9795: 9794: 9792: 9791: 9786: 9781: 9776: 9771: 9766: 9761: 9755: 9752: 9751: 9744: 9743: 9736: 9729: 9721: 9715: 9714: 9709: 9703: 9695: 9694:External links 9692: 9690: 9689: 9684:Yarnold, G.D. 9682: 9673: 9666: 9654:Stookey, L.H. 9652: 9646: 9628: 9611: 9597:Sasse, Hermann 9594: 9575: 9568: 9554:Oden, Thomas C 9551: 9533: 9519: 9512: 9494: 9481: 9466: 9464:978-3825234997 9452: 9445: 9443:978-3402249482 9431: 9429:978-3402247518 9417: 9415:978-3402133583 9403: 9386: 9372: 9365: 9348: 9342: 9340:978-1905574438 9328: 9314: 9300: 9281: 9264: 9249: 9243: 9226: 9208: 9206:. Jos. Booker. 9190: 9172: 9136: 9134: 9131: 9128: 9127: 9101: 9079: 9038: 8987: 8963: 8941: 8923: 8914:www.vatican.va 8901: 8886: 8873: 8842: 8824: 8778: 8722: 8660: 8634: 8631:on 9 May 2013. 8613: 8595: 8577: 8568:www.vatican.va 8552: 8534: 8527: 8509: 8484: 8466: 8454: 8432: 8429:. 14 May 2015. 8414: 8392: 8373: 8351: 8332: 8314: 8296: 8278: 8260: 8234: 8209: 8184: 8159: 8138: 8116: 8112:The Watchtower 8103: 8084: 8080:The Watchtower 8071: 8059: 8047: 8037: 8024: 8003: 7973: 7940: 7933: 7915: 7908: 7890: 7860: 7853: 7836: 7829: 7811: 7797: 7788: 7776: 7758: 7728: 7709: 7678: 7672:978-1426756610 7671: 7653: 7647:978-1858521824 7646: 7629: 7617: 7592: 7567: 7554: 7541: 7523: 7511: 7499: 7484: 7469:Gibson, Jean. 7461: 7449: 7430: 7411: 7394: 7377: 7367:978-0802866943 7366: 7348: 7336: 7304: 7280: 7261: 7252: 7241: 7229: 7220: 7205: 7198: 7180: 7158: 7148:978-1580462600 7147: 7129: 7123:978-1574555578 7122: 7101: 7091: 7073: 7051: 7032: 7026:978-0521313100 7025: 7005: 6991: 6986:Paragraph 1457 6967: 6962:Paragraph 1385 6943: 6920: 6902: 6872: 6861: 6842: 6830:www.vatican.va 6817: 6805: 6777: 6772:Paragraph 1376 6753: 6742: 6707: 6685: 6674:on 31 May 2020 6659: 6648:. Kevin Knight 6632: 6602: 6597:Paragraph 1377 6578: 6569: 6547: 6521: 6496: 6473: 6459: 6445: 6421: 6409:www.vatican.va 6396: 6371: 6348: 6325: 6310: 6284: 6274: 6256: 6250:978-0664230715 6249: 6224: 6193: 6162: 6150: 6143: 6125: 6113: 6100: 6076: 6065: 6054: 6007: 5994: 5978: 5967: 5961:978-0802880451 5960: 5936: 5925: 5914: 5903: 5892: 5862: 5845: 5833: 5828:Paragraph 2837 5809: 5796: 5783: 5770: 5750: 5739: 5728: 5717: 5702: 5695:978-0192802903 5682: 5662: 5656:978-0814662663 5655: 5635: 5630:978-0470670606 5629: 5603: 5576: 5570:978-1351921169 5569: 5551: 5545:978-1574551105 5544: 5514: 5489: 5464: 5448: 5422: 5400: 5395:Paragraph 1330 5376: 5335: 5308: 5281: 5264: 5251: 5238: 5236:, OUP US, 2012 5225: 5212: 5201: 5170: 5144: 5134:by Laurie Guy 5124: 5115: 5111:978-0415201001 5098: 5074: 5061:978-0814658314 5060: 5040: 5021: 5010: 5006:978-0664224165 4989: 4985:978-0310542759 4968: 4964:978-0805447576 4939: 4934:978-0814661529 4933: 4906: 4881: 4870:. Biblehub.com 4859: 4855:978-0892367276 4839: 4832: 4810: 4800:978-0719055379 4799: 4781: 4775:978-1579101046 4774: 4756: 4746:978-0802866943 4745: 4727: 4705: 4693:Britannica.com 4673: 4652: 4631: 4615: 4614: 4612: 4609: 4606: 4605: 4596: 4590: 4565: 4549: 4528: 4515: 4506: 4497: 4448: 4447: 4445: 4442: 4440: 4439: 4434: 4429: 4424: 4417: 4414: 4413: 4412: 4407: 4402: 4395: 4392: 4391: 4390: 4385: 4379: 4373: 4367: 4361: 4353: 4343: 4337: 4325: 4322: 4321: 4320: 4315: 4310: 4303: 4300: 4299: 4298: 4292: 4286: 4281: 4276: 4269: 4266: 4265: 4264: 4259: 4254: 4252:Open communion 4249: 4244: 4239: 4234: 4229: 4222: 4219: 4218: 4217: 4212: 4207: 4205:Divine Liturgy 4202: 4197: 4192: 4187: 4180: 4177: 4176: 4175: 4170: 4165: 4158: 4155: 4154: 4152: 4149: 4113: 4110: 4064:churches, the 4027: 4024: 4004:celiac disease 3992:Main article: 3989: 3986: 3984: 3981: 3921: 3918: 3913: 3910: 3896: 3893: 3876: 3873: 3868:Main article: 3865: 3862: 3839:open communion 3722:Byzantine Rite 3699:full communion 3674:Full communion 3666:Open communion 3661: 3658: 3656: 3653: 3644: 3641: 3624: 3621: 3612: 3609: 3601:Salvation Army 3596: 3595:Salvation Army 3593: 3591: 3588: 3583:Book of Mormon 3548:Main article: 3545: 3542: 3492:Main article: 3489: 3486: 3482:Open communion 3469: 3466: 3422: 3419: 3417: 3416:Restorationism 3414: 3395:Qurobo Qadisho 3384:Main article: 3381: 3378: 3351:Main article: 3348: 3345: 3343: 3340: 3321:Calvary Chapel 3292: 3289: 3272:communion cups 3267:circuit riders 3219: 3215:Charles Wesley 3194: 3191: 3112:Main article: 3109: 3106: 3077: 3074: 3023:Main article: 3020: 3017: 2949: 2946: 2858:Main article: 2855: 2852: 2823:Holy Communion 2810: 2807: 2782: 2779: 2777: 2774: 2750:Byzantine Rite 2732:, the eves of 2696:and, often, a 2690:Byzantine Rite 2680:Divine Liturgy 2678:Main article: 2667: 2664: 2656:Luke 22: 19–20 2636:Exodus 12:3–13 2578: 2575: 2523:Thomas Aquinas 2487:Main article: 2484: 2481: 2462:Main article: 2459: 2458:As a sacrifice 2456: 2432:Main article: 2429: 2426: 2403: 2400: 2375:, such as the 2327: 2323: 2290:Main article: 2287: 2284: 2269: 2266: 2199: 2187: 2143: 2140: 2096: 2093: 2068: 2065: 2057:Gospel of John 2024: 2023:Biblical basis 2021: 1998: 1995: 1942: 1939: 1923:Divine Service 1908:Byzantine Rite 1894:Divine Liturgy 1889: 1886: 1813:Mass (liturgy) 1808: 1805: 1776: 1773: 1741: 1738: 1736: 1733: 1726: 1677:Holy Communion 1668: 1665: 1661:Józef Mehoffer 1611: 1586: 1583: 1509: 1468: 1465: 1450:Juan de Juanes 1437: 1434: 1330:this was at a 1281:Holy Communion 1198: 1197: 1195: 1194: 1187: 1180: 1172: 1169: 1168: 1167: 1166: 1154: 1153: 1148: 1143: 1135: 1134: 1131: 1130: 1125: 1120: 1115: 1110: 1105: 1100: 1095: 1090: 1085: 1080: 1075: 1070: 1064: 1062:Related topics 1061: 1060: 1057: 1056: 1051: 1050: 1049: 1048: 1043: 1038: 1033: 1028: 1023: 1018: 1013: 1008: 1000: 999: 997:Restorationist 993: 992: 991: 990: 989: 988: 983: 978: 973: 968: 963: 958: 953: 948: 943: 938: 933: 928: 923: 918: 906: 899: 892: 885: 880: 875: 874: 873: 868: 853: 852: 844: 841: 840: 835: 829: 828: 827: 824: 823: 820: 819: 814: 809: 804: 799: 794: 789: 784: 779: 774: 772:Church Fathers 769: 764: 759: 754: 749: 743: 740: 739: 734: 728: 727: 726: 723: 722: 719: 718: 713: 708: 703: 698: 693: 688: 683: 682: 681: 676: 671: 661: 655: 650: 649: 646: 645: 642: 641: 636: 631: 626: 621: 616: 611: 605: 602: 601: 598: 592: 591: 590: 587: 586: 583: 582: 577: 572: 567: 562: 557: 551: 548: 547: 542: 536: 535: 534: 531: 530: 522: 521: 515: 514: 502: 501: 499: 498: 491: 484: 476: 473: 472: 469: 468: 463: 458: 453: 447: 444: 443: 440: 439: 436: 435: 430: 425: 420: 415: 409: 406: 405: 402: 401: 398: 397: 392: 387: 382: 377: 376: 375: 370: 365: 360: 355: 348: 343: 332: 327: 326: 323: 322: 319: 318: 313: 307: 304: 303: 300: 299: 296: 295: 290: 283: 282: 281: 280: 275: 270: 261: 260: 259: 252: 247: 242: 237: 232: 227: 222: 217: 212: 202: 199: 198: 195: 194: 191: 190: 189: 188: 183: 178: 164: 163: 162: 157: 147: 145:Divine Service 142: 137: 132: 130:Divine Liturgy 126: 123: 122: 119: 118: 114: 113: 108: 102: 101: 98: 97: 94: 93: 85: 84: 82: 81: 74: 66: 59: 58: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 11009: 10998: 10995: 10993: 10992:Order of Mass 10990: 10988: 10985: 10983: 10980: 10978: 10975: 10973: 10970: 10968: 10965: 10963: 10960: 10958: 10955: 10953: 10950: 10948: 10945: 10943: 10940: 10938: 10935: 10934: 10932: 10917: 10909: 10907: 10902: 10897: 10896: 10893: 10883: 10880: 10878: 10875: 10873: 10870: 10868: 10865: 10863: 10860: 10858: 10855: 10853: 10850: 10849: 10847: 10843: 10837: 10834: 10830: 10827: 10825: 10822: 10820: 10819: 10815: 10814: 10813: 10810: 10808: 10805: 10804: 10802: 10798: 10792: 10789: 10787: 10784: 10782: 10779: 10777: 10774: 10772: 10768: 10765: 10763: 10760: 10758: 10755: 10753: 10750: 10748: 10745: 10743: 10740: 10738: 10735: 10733: 10730: 10728: 10725: 10724: 10722: 10720: 10716: 10710: 10707: 10703: 10700: 10699: 10698: 10695: 10693: 10692:Popular piety 10690: 10688: 10685: 10683: 10680: 10678: 10675: 10673: 10670: 10668: 10665: 10661: 10658: 10657: 10656: 10653: 10649: 10646: 10644: 10641: 10639: 10636: 10634: 10631: 10629: 10626: 10625: 10624: 10621: 10617: 10614: 10613: 10612: 10609: 10608: 10606: 10604: 10600: 10597: 10591: 10585: 10582: 10580: 10577: 10573: 10570: 10569: 10568: 10565: 10563: 10560: 10558: 10555: 10554: 10552: 10550: 10546: 10538: 10535: 10534: 10533: 10530: 10528: 10525: 10521: 10518: 10516: 10513: 10511: 10508: 10506: 10503: 10501: 10498: 10496: 10493: 10491: 10488: 10487: 10486: 10483: 10479: 10476: 10474: 10473:People of God 10471: 10469: 10466: 10464: 10461: 10459: 10456: 10455: 10454: 10451: 10449: 10446: 10444: 10441: 10437: 10434: 10433: 10432: 10429: 10427: 10424: 10420: 10417: 10415: 10412: 10410: 10407: 10405: 10402: 10401: 10400: 10397: 10395: 10392: 10390: 10387: 10385: 10382: 10380: 10377: 10375: 10372: 10370: 10367: 10363: 10360: 10358: 10355: 10353: 10350: 10348: 10345: 10344: 10343: 10340: 10339: 10337: 10335: 10331: 10319: 10314: 10312: 10309: 10307: 10304: 10303: 10301: 10299: 10295: 10289: 10286: 10284: 10281: 10279: 10276: 10272: 10269: 10268: 10267: 10264: 10263: 10261: 10259: 10255: 10249: 10246: 10242: 10239: 10237: 10234: 10232: 10229: 10227: 10224: 10222: 10219: 10217: 10214: 10212: 10209: 10207: 10204: 10202: 10199: 10197: 10194: 10192: 10189: 10187: 10184: 10183: 10182: 10179: 10177: 10174: 10172: 10169: 10167: 10164: 10163: 10161: 10159: 10155: 10152: 10149: 10145: 10140: 10139:Denominations 10136: 10124: 10121: 10120: 10119: 10116: 10114: 10111: 10109: 10108:Enlightenment 10106: 10104: 10101: 10099: 10096: 10094: 10091: 10090: 10088: 10086: 10082: 10076: 10073: 10071: 10068: 10066: 10063: 10061: 10058: 10056: 10053: 10051: 10048: 10047: 10045: 10043: 10039: 10033: 10030: 10028: 10025: 10021: 10018: 10016: 10013: 10012: 10011: 10008: 10006: 10003: 10001: 9998: 9996: 9993: 9992: 9990: 9988: 9984: 9976: 9973: 9972: 9971: 9968: 9966: 9963: 9959: 9956: 9954: 9951: 9949: 9946: 9944: 9941: 9939: 9936: 9934: 9931: 9929: 9926: 9924: 9921: 9919: 9916: 9914: 9911: 9909: 9906: 9905: 9904: 9901: 9900: 9898: 9896: 9890: 9887: 9884: 9878: 9873: 9869: 9863: 9860: 9858: 9855: 9853: 9850: 9848: 9845: 9843: 9840: 9838: 9835: 9834: 9832: 9828: 9822: 9821:New Testament 9819: 9817: 9816:Old Testament 9814: 9812: 9809: 9808: 9806: 9804: 9800: 9796: 9790: 9787: 9785: 9782: 9780: 9777: 9775: 9772: 9770: 9767: 9765: 9762: 9760: 9757: 9756: 9753: 9749: 9742: 9737: 9735: 9730: 9728: 9723: 9722: 9719: 9713: 9710: 9707: 9704: 9701: 9698: 9697: 9687: 9683: 9681: 9677: 9674: 9671: 9667: 9665: 9661: 9657: 9653: 9651: 9647: 9645: 9641: 9637: 9634:, in series, 9633: 9629: 9627: 9623: 9619: 9618:The Eucharist 9615: 9612: 9610: 9606: 9602: 9598: 9595: 9592: 9588: 9584: 9580: 9576: 9573: 9569: 9567: 9563: 9559: 9555: 9552: 9549: 9545: 9541: 9537: 9534: 9532: 9528: 9524: 9520: 9517: 9513: 9509: 9504: 9499: 9495: 9492: 9488: 9487: 9482: 9479: 9475: 9471: 9467: 9465: 9461: 9457: 9453: 9450: 9446: 9444: 9440: 9436: 9432: 9430: 9426: 9422: 9418: 9416: 9412: 9408: 9404: 9402: 9398: 9394: 9392: 9387: 9385: 9381: 9377: 9373: 9370: 9366: 9364: 9360: 9356: 9352: 9349: 9347: 9344:Grime, J. H. 9343: 9341: 9337: 9333: 9329: 9327: 9323: 9319: 9315: 9313: 9309: 9305: 9301: 9299: 9295: 9291: 9290: 9285: 9282: 9280: 9276: 9272: 9268: 9265: 9261: 9256: 9250: 9247: 9244: 9242: 9238: 9234: 9230: 9227: 9225: 9221: 9217: 9213: 9209: 9205: 9200: 9195: 9191: 9187: 9182: 9177: 9173: 9169: 9168: 9163: 9156: 9152: 9148: 9147: 9142: 9138: 9137: 9116: 9112: 9105: 9089: 9083: 9075: 9071: 9066: 9061: 9057: 9053: 9049: 9042: 9026: 9022: 9018: 9014: 9010: 9007:(5): 538–39. 9006: 9002: 8998: 8991: 8984: 8980: 8976: 8973: 8967: 8951: 8945: 8937: 8933: 8927: 8919: 8915: 8911: 8905: 8898: 8897: 8890: 8883: 8877: 8862:on 4 May 2008 8861: 8857: 8853: 8846: 8840: 8836: 8833: 8828: 8821: 8819: 8815: 8809: 8805: 8801: 8797: 8794:(3): 477–91. 8793: 8789: 8782: 8775: 8773: 8772:wheat allergy 8767: 8763: 8759: 8755: 8750: 8745: 8742:(5): 559–75. 8741: 8737: 8733: 8726: 8719: 8717: 8713: 8712:gluten ataxia 8709: 8705: 8699: 8695: 8691: 8687: 8683: 8679: 8675: 8671: 8664: 8648: 8644: 8638: 8630: 8626: 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7578: 7571: 7564: 7558: 7551: 7545: 7537: 7533: 7527: 7521: 7515: 7509: 7503: 7497: 7491: 7489: 7472: 7465: 7458: 7453: 7446: 7442: 7439: 7434: 7427: 7423: 7420: 7415: 7408: 7404: 7398: 7391: 7387: 7381: 7374: 7369: 7363: 7359: 7352: 7345: 7340: 7333: 7322: 7318: 7311: 7309: 7300: 7296: 7292: 7284: 7278: 7274: 7273:Mark 14:22–25 7270: 7265: 7256: 7250: 7245: 7238: 7233: 7224: 7216: 7209: 7201: 7195: 7191: 7184: 7168: 7162: 7155: 7150: 7144: 7140: 7133: 7125: 7119: 7115: 7108: 7106: 7098: 7094: 7092:9780271047508 7088: 7084: 7077: 7061: 7055: 7048: 7044: 7041: 7036: 7028: 7022: 7018: 7017: 7009: 7001: 6995: 6987: 6983: 6979: 6978: 6971: 6963: 6959: 6955: 6954: 6947: 6932: 6931: 6924: 6916: 6912: 6906: 6890: 6886: 6884: 6876: 6870: 6865: 6859: 6858:Luke 22:19–20 6855: 6854:Mark 14:22–24 6851: 6846: 6831: 6827: 6821: 6814: 6809: 6793: 6789: 6788: 6781: 6773: 6769: 6765: 6764: 6757: 6751: 6746: 6739: 6738: 6730: 6729: 6724: 6711: 6695: 6689: 6673: 6669: 6663: 6647: 6643: 6636: 6620: 6613: 6606: 6598: 6594: 6590: 6589: 6582: 6573: 6557: 6551: 6536: 6532: 6525: 6510: 6506: 6500: 6485: 6484: 6477: 6469: 6463: 6455: 6449: 6441: 6437: 6433: 6432: 6425: 6410: 6406: 6400: 6385: 6381: 6375: 6360: 6359: 6352: 6337: 6336: 6329: 6323: 6321: 6314: 6298: 6294: 6288: 6281: 6277: 6271: 6267: 6260: 6252: 6246: 6242: 6238: 6234: 6228: 6212: 6208: 6204: 6197: 6181: 6177: 6173: 6166: 6159: 6154: 6146: 6144:9780393347913 6140: 6136: 6129: 6120: 6118: 6110: 6109:First Apology 6104: 6089: 6088: 6080: 6074: 6069: 6063: 6058: 6050: 6037: 6021: 6017: 6011: 6004: 5998: 5991: 5987: 5986:Bruce Metzger 5982: 5976: 5971: 5963: 5957: 5952: 5951: 5948: 5940: 5934: 5929: 5923: 5918: 5912: 5907: 5901: 5896: 5880: 5876: 5872: 5866: 5859: 5855: 5849: 5842: 5837: 5829: 5825: 5821: 5820: 5813: 5806: 5800: 5793: 5787: 5780: 5774: 5768: 5767:9780664245160 5764: 5760: 5754: 5748: 5747:Luke 22:13–20 5743: 5737: 5732: 5726: 5725:Mark 14:22–25 5721: 5713: 5706: 5700: 5696: 5692: 5686: 5680: 5676: 5672: 5666: 5658: 5652: 5648: 5647: 5639: 5632: 5626: 5622: 5618: 5614: 5607: 5591: 5587: 5580: 5572: 5566: 5562: 5555: 5547: 5541: 5536: 5535: 5525: 5518: 5503: 5499: 5493: 5478: 5477:www.usccb.org 5474: 5468: 5461: 5457: 5452: 5437: 5433: 5426: 5410: 5404: 5396: 5392: 5388: 5387: 5380: 5372: 5368: 5363: 5358: 5354: 5350: 5346: 5339: 5331: 5327: 5322: 5321: 5312: 5306: 5302: 5298: 5294: 5290: 5285: 5277: 5276: 5268: 5261: 5255: 5248: 5242: 5235: 5229: 5222: 5216: 5210: 5205: 5197: 5193: 5189: 5188: 5179: 5177: 5175: 5158: 5156: 5155:First Apology 5148: 5141: 5137: 5133: 5128: 5119: 5112: 5108: 5102: 5096: 5092: 5088: 5083: 5081: 5079: 5063: 5057: 5053: 5052: 5051:'Didache' 9:1 5044: 5038: 5034: 5030: 5025: 5019: 5014: 5007: 5003: 4999: 4993: 4986: 4982: 4978: 4972: 4965: 4961: 4957: 4956: 4951: 4946: 4944: 4936: 4930: 4926: 4925: 4917: 4915: 4913: 4911: 4895: 4891: 4885: 4869: 4863: 4856: 4852: 4848: 4843: 4835: 4833:9780664256500 4829: 4825: 4821: 4814: 4807: 4802: 4796: 4792: 4785: 4777: 4771: 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T. 4635: 4629: 4625: 4624:Luke 22:19–20 4620: 4616: 4600: 4592: 4588: 4582: 4576: 4569: 4563: 4559: 4553: 4545: 4544: 4538: 4532: 4525: 4519: 4510: 4501: 4493: 4489: 4484: 4479: 4475: 4471: 4467: 4463: 4459: 4453: 4449: 4438: 4435: 4433: 4430: 4428: 4425: 4423: 4420: 4419: 4411: 4408: 4406: 4403: 4401: 4398: 4397: 4389: 4386: 4383: 4380: 4377: 4374: 4371: 4370:Ubiquitarians 4368: 4365: 4362: 4359: 4358: 4354: 4351: 4347: 4344: 4341: 4338: 4335: 4331: 4328: 4327: 4319: 4316: 4314: 4311: 4309: 4306: 4305: 4297:(Catholicism) 4296: 4293: 4290: 4287: 4285: 4282: 4280: 4277: 4275: 4272: 4271: 4263: 4260: 4258: 4255: 4253: 4250: 4248: 4245: 4243: 4240: 4238: 4235: 4233: 4230: 4228: 4225: 4224: 4216: 4213: 4211: 4208: 4206: 4203: 4201: 4200:Armenian Rite 4198: 4196: 4193: 4191: 4188: 4186: 4183: 4182: 4174: 4171: 4169: 4166: 4164: 4161: 4160: 4148: 4144: 4142: 4136: 4134: 4124: 4119: 4109: 4107: 4103: 4099: 4095: 4091: 4087: 4083: 4079: 4075: 4071: 4067: 4063: 4058: 4053: 4051: 4050:Coptic Church 4047: 4042: 4040: 4033: 4023: 4021: 4017: 4016:wheat allergy 4013: 4009: 4005: 4001: 3995: 3983:Health issues 3980: 3978: 3974: 3970: 3966: 3962: 3957: 3953: 3945: 3940: 3935: 3926: 3917: 3909: 3907: 3903: 3892: 3890: 3886: 3882: 3871: 3861: 3859: 3854: 3849: 3847: 3842: 3840: 3836: 3832: 3828: 3824: 3820: 3819:Presbyterians 3816: 3812: 3808: 3804: 3800: 3795: 3792: 3790: 3786: 3782: 3778: 3774: 3770: 3766: 3761: 3759: 3754: 3750: 3746: 3742: 3738: 3734: 3730: 3725: 3723: 3720:" and in the 3719: 3715: 3704: 3703:Justin Martyr 3700: 3696: 3689: 3685: 3680: 3675: 3671: 3667: 3652: 3650: 3640: 3638: 3634: 3630: 3620: 3618: 3608: 3606: 3602: 3587: 3584: 3579: 3577: 3573: 3569: 3565: 3561: 3557: 3551: 3541: 3539: 3535: 3529: 3527: 3523: 3522:God's Kingdom 3519: 3515: 3510: 3508: 3504: 3500: 3495: 3485: 3483: 3479: 3475: 3465: 3463: 3457: 3452: 3450: 3446: 3443:, taught the 3442: 3438: 3437:Edward Irving 3434: 3432: 3428: 3413: 3410: 3408: 3404: 3400: 3396: 3392: 3387: 3377: 3375: 3371: 3367: 3363: 3359: 3354: 3339: 3337: 3333: 3328: 3326: 3322: 3318: 3317:Church of God 3314: 3310: 3302: 3297: 3288: 3285: 3281: 3277: 3273: 3268: 3264: 3260: 3257: 3253: 3249: 3244: 3242: 3238: 3232: 3218: 3216: 3212: 3208: 3199: 3190: 3188: 3184: 3179: 3177: 3173: 3169: 3165: 3161: 3160:raising agent 3156: 3151: 3144: 3139: 3135: 3133: 3129: 3125: 3121: 3115: 3105: 3103: 3102:Open Brethren 3099: 3094: 3091: 3087: 3083: 3073: 3069: 3067: 3062: 3058: 3054: 3050: 3045: 3037: 3032: 3026: 3016: 3012: 3008: 3006: 3002: 2998: 2994: 2990: 2986: 2982: 2978: 2973: 2971: 2967: 2963: 2954: 2945: 2943: 2939: 2935: 2931: 2927: 2922: 2920: 2916: 2912: 2911: 2906: 2902: 2899:In 1789, the 2897: 2893: 2890: 2885: 2882: 2874: 2873: 2866: 2861: 2851: 2849: 2845: 2840: 2836: 2831: 2826: 2824: 2820: 2816: 2806: 2804: 2800: 2796: 2792: 2788: 2776:Protestantism 2773: 2770: 2766: 2762: 2757: 2755: 2751: 2747: 2746:Holy Saturday 2743: 2742:Holy Thursday 2739: 2735: 2731: 2727: 2723: 2719: 2715: 2705: 2704: 2699: 2695: 2691: 2687: 2681: 2672: 2663: 2661: 2657: 2653: 2652:Mark 14:22–24 2649: 2645: 2641: 2637: 2633: 2630: 2629:Old Testament 2626: 2622: 2618: 2614: 2610: 2606: 2601: 2595: 2593: 2588: 2584: 2574: 2572: 2567: 2558: 2554: 2550: 2548: 2543: 2541: 2536: 2531: 2526: 2524: 2520: 2516: 2512: 2508: 2500: 2495: 2490: 2480: 2476: 2473: 2471: 2465: 2455: 2453: 2445: 2440: 2435: 2425: 2423: 2419: 2418: 2413: 2409: 2399: 2397: 2396:real presence 2393: 2389: 2384: 2382: 2378: 2374: 2369: 2367: 2363: 2359: 2358:churchmanship 2356:depending on 2355: 2351: 2347: 2343: 2341: 2337: 2333: 2331: 2325: 2321: 2319: 2315: 2311: 2307: 2303: 2299: 2293: 2283: 2280: 2275: 2265: 2263: 2259: 2254: 2249: 2244: 2240: 2235: 2225: 2209: 2208:Justin Martyr 2198: 2186: 2181: 2172: 2168: 2165: 2161: 2151: 2150: 2139: 2136: 2135:communal meal 2132: 2128: 2119: 2115: 2112: 2111: 2092: 2088: 2086: 2085:Bread of Life 2082: 2078: 2077:Lord's Prayer 2073: 2064: 2062: 2058: 2054: 2050: 2046: 2042: 2038: 2034: 2030: 2017: 2013: 2009: 2004: 1994: 1992: 1988: 1984: 1980: 1970: 1969: 1964: 1960: 1959:Armenian Rite 1956: 1952: 1949:is common in 1948: 1938: 1936: 1932: 1928: 1924: 1919: 1917: 1914:or among the 1913: 1909: 1906:) is used in 1899: 1895: 1885: 1883: 1879: 1875: 1871: 1867: 1862: 1859: 1857: 1856:Ite missa est 1849: 1844: 1840: 1836: 1832: 1828: 1824: 1818: 1814: 1804: 1802: 1801:The Sacrament 1798: 1794: 1790: 1786: 1782: 1772: 1770: 1765: 1754: 1725: 1723: 1719: 1713: 1710: 1698: 1694: 1690: 1686: 1682: 1678: 1674: 1662: 1657: 1650: 1646: 1641: 1637: 1635: 1631: 1627: 1623: 1610: 1606: 1603: 1592: 1585:Lord's Supper 1582: 1580: 1578: 1577:the Sacrament 1574: 1570: 1566: 1562: 1561:Presbyterians 1558: 1554: 1550: 1546: 1542: 1541: 1540:First Apology 1536: 1535:Justin Martyr 1532: 1528: 1527: 1521: 1508: 1498: 1489: 1478: 1474: 1473:New Testament 1461: 1460: 1455: 1451: 1447: 1442: 1433: 1431: 1427: 1423: 1419: 1415: 1411: 1407: 1404:believe in a 1403: 1399: 1395: 1391: 1387: 1383: 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839: 836: 834: 833:Denominations 831: 830: 826: 825: 818: 815: 813: 810: 808: 805: 803: 800: 798: 795: 793: 790: 788: 785: 783: 780: 778: 775: 773: 770: 768: 765: 763: 760: 758: 755: 753: 750: 748: 745: 744: 738: 735: 733: 730: 729: 725: 724: 717: 714: 712: 709: 707: 704: 702: 699: 697: 694: 692: 689: 687: 684: 680: 677: 675: 672: 670: 667: 666: 665: 662: 660: 657: 656: 653: 648: 647: 640: 637: 635: 632: 630: 627: 625: 622: 620: 617: 615: 614:New Testament 612: 610: 609:Old Testament 607: 606: 599: 597: 594: 593: 589: 588: 581: 578: 576: 573: 571: 568: 566: 563: 561: 558: 556: 553: 552: 546: 543: 541: 538: 537: 533: 532: 528: 524: 523: 520: 517: 516: 512: 508: 507: 497: 492: 490: 485: 483: 478: 477: 475: 474: 467: 464: 462: 459: 457: 454: 452: 449: 448: 442: 441: 434: 431: 429: 426: 424: 421: 419: 416: 414: 411: 410: 404: 403: 396: 393: 391: 388: 386: 383: 381: 378: 374: 371: 369: 366: 364: 361: 359: 356: 354: 353: 349: 347: 344: 342: 339: 338: 337: 336:Real presence 334: 333: 330: 325: 324: 317: 314: 312: 309: 308: 302: 301: 294: 291: 289: 286: 285: 279: 276: 274: 271: 269: 266: 265: 263: 262: 258: 257: 253: 251: 248: 246: 243: 241: 238: 236: 233: 231: 228: 226: 223: 221: 218: 216: 213: 211: 207: 204: 203: 197: 196: 187: 184: 182: 179: 177: 174: 173: 172: 168: 165: 161: 158: 156: 153: 152: 151: 148: 146: 143: 141: 138: 136: 133: 131: 128: 127: 121: 120: 112: 109: 107: 104: 103: 96: 95: 91: 87: 86: 79: 75: 72: 71:Lord's Supper 68: 67: 64: 61: 60: 56: 52: 51: 48: 44: 37: 33: 19: 10816: 10611:Architecture 10505:Confirmation 10494: 10453:Ecclesiology 10384:Original sin 10374:Nicene Creed 10171:Old Catholic 10055:Papal States 9987:Great Church 9953:Resurrection 9895:Christianity 9852:New Covenant 9803:(Scriptures) 9748:Christianity 9685: 9679: 9676:Wright, N. T 9669: 9655: 9649: 9635: 9631: 9617: 9600: 9590: 9586: 9578: 9571: 9557: 9539: 9522: 9515: 9507: 9490: 9484: 9469: 9468:Macy, Gary. 9455: 9448: 9434: 9420: 9406: 9389: 9375: 9368: 9354: 9345: 9331: 9317: 9303: 9287: 9270: 9267:Dix, Gregory 9259: 9232: 9215: 9211: 9203: 9185: 9166: 9145: 9118:. Retrieved 9114: 9104: 9092:. Retrieved 9082: 9055: 9051: 9041: 9029:. Retrieved 9025:the original 9004: 9000: 8990: 8982: 8966: 8954:. Retrieved 8944: 8936:the original 8926: 8918:the original 8913: 8904: 8895: 8889: 8876: 8864:. Retrieved 8860:the original 8855: 8845: 8827: 8811: 8791: 8787: 8781: 8769: 8739: 8735: 8725: 8701: 8676:(1): 57–62. 8673: 8669: 8663: 8651:. Retrieved 8647:the original 8637: 8629:the original 8608:the original 8598: 8590:the original 8580: 8572:the original 8567: 8547:the original 8537: 8518: 8512: 8502:14 September 8500:. Retrieved 8496: 8487: 8479:the original 8469: 8457: 8450:www.lcms.org 8449: 8435: 8426: 8417: 8405:. Retrieved 8395: 8376: 8364:. 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