Mary of Burgundy - Knowledge

962: 1092:(1477), which was commissioned for her (likely first by Margaret of York and then by Maximilian, who as a new husband or new father, began to celebrate his wife and son as the images of the Virgin and Jesus), the Virgin has a notable role. An image that attracts scholarly debate is the portrayal of Mary sitting at a window-ledge imagining or having a mystical vision in which she herself and her ladies in waiting kneeling before the Virgin and the infant Christ. The Virgin here is the pivot of overlapping devotional function of the Book and the rosary. This is also an early example of the association between Mary of Burgundy and the Virgin Mary. Natalie Harris Bluestone opines that even though this association started during her lifetime, it seemed to be motivated by others. Glenn Burger remarks that, "bringing the bodily Mary of Burgundy alongside her imagined devotional self and her spiritual counterpart, the Virgin Mary, moves us beyond things as they are into a teleological mode of reading that stabilizes temporal and spatial relations in ideologically satisfying ways." The motif of the dog, later seen many times in depictions of Mary and Maximilian (together or separately), for example as part of her sarcophagus or in Maximilian's First Prayer Book, also seemed to first appeared here. 715:, Maximilian was too young, in a foreign land, had been "brought up very badly" and thus did not have the slightest idea how to conduct affairs of the state. Mary and Margaret tried to teach him French and Dutch but he proved a lazy student. Mary accompanied Maximilian on his many journeys, acting as the buffer between the German-speaking prince and their subjects. According to Juan Luis Vives, a near contemporary author, when her subjects approached her on political matters, she would consult her husband "whose will she regarded as law", but she was always able to administer everything according to her own wishes and Maximilian, a mild husband, would never oppose her will. She managed internal affairs and attended all assemblies where the couple needed to raise revenue. Burgundian coinage showed that Maximilian was never endowed with the official rank that contemporary royal husbands such as Ferdinand of Aragon achieved in their wives' possessions. Apparently, she could impose her will on her spouse in military matters as well, as shown in the two times she tried to do this. In one case, recounted by Maximilian in the manuscript of the 473: 2399:"The devotion of the Seven Sorrows very cleverly played upon the popular sentiments of war-weariness and Burgundian patriotism by encouraging worshippers to fuse the image of the Virgin Mary mourning for her only son with that of the late duchess Mary of Burgundy. In a vernacular privilege issued in 1511 by Maximilian and his grandson Charles to the confraternity of the Seven Sorrows in Brussels it was related: 'How during the tribulation and discord that came to our Low Countries soon after the decease of...lady Mary of Burgundy...the devout confraternity of the Seven Sorrows of Our Blessed Lady the mother of God sprang up and arose, to which many good people immediately adhered in protection of us, Maximilian, of our children and for the common welfare of our territories; and they had such a devotion for it that...by virtue of the aforementioned mother of God...were ended all the afore mentioned tribulations and discord and were united our subjects in good obedience and concord.' 49: 603: 719:, his advisors tried to prevent him from unleashing war against a stronger French army who had concentrated at the front, but he was determined to carry it out. The advisors asked for help from Mary, who told him he could go but should come back to say farewell to her first. When he went back, she had him promptly locked up in his own apartment. After long negotiations, he agreed to go dancing instead and was let out. In her official images and presentation, she was presented as an active, commanding ruler, usually on horseback and with a hawk. She adopted a more pacifistic image than her father, but her position as the rightful ruler was emphasized while Maximilian, armored and armed, tended to be shown behind his wife. This was in contrast with the profile portraits that Maximilian commissioned during his later reign as emperor, where she was often shown as the passive side. 988: 672:; Mary and Philip were rumoured to be former love interests, although this is disputed by Arie de Fouw), whom she appointed as Stadtholder-General in 1477, now acted as Maximilian's lieutenant as Admiral of the Netherlands. Despite the reputation of the Burgundian court as luxurious and rich, Charles the Bold had lost his whole fortune in his last three disastrous campaigns. The Low Countries were rich but the Estates were reluctant to pay. Moreover, the Burgundian state had lost one quarter of its tax revenue and due to new restrictions, a half of its government revenue in total. Thus the initial financial situation was very tense and Mary had to pawn a lot of her heirlooms to finance their armies. She also had to yield to the estates' demands regarding some of their privileges, in exchange for final support for Maximilian's war against France. 2155: 626: 1227: 734:(found by Haemers and van Driel) shows that van Horn was the person who committed the murder. According to van Horn, after the murder of Dadizeele, Mary wrote a letter to him, declaring that Dadizeele was a villain and a traitor who tried to replace her and Maximilian's faithful servants with the people he chose, as he saw fit, and that she would see the killing as revenge for herself. Haemers opines that she herself seemed to be preparing to kill Dadizeele (in the case van Horn was honest about Mary's letter – at the time, he was trying to justify his act and get a pardon), but in reality, was not the perpetrator. Ultimately, Mary chose to pardon and defend Frederik van Horn. This decision would later help to lead to 652: 958:, 1486, Vienne, ÖNB, Cod. 1907, f. 61v), there are the depiction of three falcons that seemingly symbolize Mary, Philip the Fair and Maximilian: Mary was with Philip while Maximilian was chasing another bird, symbolically protecting wife and child, next to the German eagle and the combined coat-of-arms of the Houses of Austria and Burgundy. Maximilian also had a tendency to virtually "promote" Mary to the status of Empress in these posthumous portrayals: an image created by Jörg Kölderer in preparation for Mary's statue in Maximilian's cenotaph showed a coat-of-arms that incorporated her husband's symbols as King of the Romans or Holy Roman Emperor (that she could not have used in life). 1022:

also had such profile portraits. After his marriage to Bianca Maria in 1494, Maximilian also presented himself with both of his wives simultaneously. There was a notable tendency, expressed most clearly in the representations of genealogical trees (one commissioned in 1497, and another ten years later): outwardly, the group looked united, but Maximilian turned his back on Bianca to face the mother of his children (Unterholzner also notes that Maximilian always concentrated on the children of his first marriage in terms of succession politics, despite the fact that this was very risky; later, as the mother of his only (legitimate) children, Mary of Burgundy only became more important).

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portrayals of Mary for various purposes. According to Karaskova, the symbol of the falcon did not disappear, but returned as Maximilian needed to assert his and their descendants' right of inheritance. In public portraits, the image of Mary holding a falcon returned once during the inauguration of Charles V. In addition, Maximilian commissioned portraits of Philip the Fair and Charles V holding falcons (thus establishing a connection between them and Mary), so he had to depend on the iconography created by Mary and associated with her, that had not been erased from the memory of their contemporaries. In the

1080: 931: 7018: 1344: 8116: 753: 2180: 7556: 1413: 5206:"Underlying the tendency to identify Mary of Burgundy with the Virgin Mary was the situation of Burgundy and its heiress, which was understood by means of salvation-historical analogies. In the book of hours, the figures of the two Marys are conflated severaltimes in a variety of ways (fols. 14v, 19v, 43v, 94v, 99v). The hymn in praise of the heavenly joys of the Virgin Mary, which is organically related to the frontispiece image, is thus (also) a chanted sequence for the eternal beatitude of the young bride." 2323: 1109: 1187: 2301: 2257: 2168: 2224: 2143: 2279: 2191: 2246: 2202: 1038: 1499: 2312: 2290: 1011: 914:(1522–1603) writes that after Mary's death, Trithemius was summoned to console a devastated Maximilian. Trithemius conjured a shade of Mary, who looked exactly like her likeness when alive. Maximilian also recognized a birthmark on her neck, that only he knew about. He was distraughted by the experience though, and ordered Trithemius never to do it again. An anonymous account in 1587 modified the story into a less sympathetic version. The emperor became 845:

whose image hovers somewhere in the space limited by two opposing concepts — an inexperienced and weak duchess, a mere pawn in the great political game played between France and the Holy Roman Empire, and a self-determined young princess who knew what she wanted and managed to dictate her will, praised by her biographers, Mary still remains generally in the shade of her nearest kinsmen despite the abundant publications concerning the Duchy of Burgundy.

7814: 2213: 882: 513: 2268: 2235: 594:, which was considered an amenable counterweight to the encroaching centralisation undertaken by both Charles the Bold and Philip the Good. The duchess also had to undertake not to declare war, make peace, or raise taxes without the consent of these provinces and towns and only to employ native residents in official posts. The Great Privilege also determined that Nederlands would be the language of the joint States-General. 1331:, Mary became a powerful national symbol of Belgium, representing an era in which "the national interest was perceived to have flourish". The depictions had a local dimension as well, showing the particular cities as "receiving the great and the good". A popular trope was the scene of Mary visiting Memling (which Graham and Wintle compare to the relationship between Maximilian I and Dürer in German imagination, or between 940:

prowess and also seemingly equated her skills as a huntress with her husband's skills as a military leader. Also according to Roberts, the posthumous portraits produced during her husband's later reign (which were much more numerous) show a completely different image: he tended to utilize the profile portraits that portrayed her as a young (with less personal features and only recognizable by her items, such as the

999:(Berlin, SM, Kupferstichkabinett, Ms. 78 B 12, f. 220v.), the falcon and the hunt scene were shown, not as display of political significance, but only tragedy. Karaskova suggests that the coincidence that combined the Duchess's favourite mode of portrayal and the manner of her death must have had an impact on the illustrator as well as the commissioner, in this case Maximilian. According to the documentary 639:

in separate apartments, and which already had a dog). Mary nursed the children herself, ordered the menus and dined out with merchants from Dijon. Mary cheered for her husband in tournaments, during which he proved a magnificent jouster, not just in feats of strength but in the luxury he lavished on the equipments, horses, accessories and ornaments as well. At first, they talked to each other in Latin.

1515:(by Jeremiah Persyn), with Mary of Burgundy, still remembered as a strong and gentle ruler, as the central character, depicted as a Jesus-like figure with symbols of great religions, while Maximilian, whose rule coincided (and contributed to) the beginning of the 500-year decline of Bruges, is in the guise of the Brugge Fool (‘’Brugse Zot’’, the symbol of Bruges), riding a swan and holding a 1566: 2342: 707:, the archduke was able to put the conflict under control and assured the Cod domination, disregarding the Great Privilege in the process. After a five-year hiatus (because most of the members had either died in Charles the Bold's wars or defected to France), the Order of the Golden Fleece also got reorganized by Maximilian, as the new sovereign of the order. 1007:(ZDF), in his conversations with their daughter Margaret, the emperor associated the call of the falcon with "the blackest day of his life" (he remained a passionate falconer though – In his cenotaph, where there are also Mary's and his statues, the belt of Mary's grandfather, Philip the Good, displays the image of a male falconer and a female falconer). 703:), on 7 August 1479. Despite winning, he had to abandon the siege of Thérouanne and disband his army, either because the Netherlanders did not want him to become too strong or because his treasury was empty. In addition, he proved as ruthless as Charles in suppressing rebellions in the Low Countries. When conflicts broke out again between the 545:

negotiation ended in failure as Louis XI demanded unacceptable terms, including the surrender of the Duchy of Burgundy and the French territories acquired by Philip the Good and Charles the Bold. The king then betrayed her secret letters to the burghers of Ghent, who then seized two men who were named in those letters – Hugonet and the

787:, who lived in the castle. Mary loved riding and was hunting with Maximilian and knights of the court when her horse tripped, threw her in a ditch, and then landed on top of her, breaking her back. She died several weeks later on 27 March from internal injuries, having made a detailed will. She was buried in the 902:(1462–1516), who was suspected by many to be a necromancer. Through his 1507 account, Trithemius was the first author who mentioned the historical Doctor Faustus. Being summoned to the emperor's court in 1506 and 1507, he also helped to "prove" Maximilian's Trojan origins. In his 1569 edition of his Tischreden, 1137:(1477), the Pucelle was an allegory of both the Virgin Mary and Mary of Burgundy. With the death of her father, the Pucelle was left in charge of their ship, which was attacked by whales and other sea monsters that represented France. Her companion Cœur Leal consoled her by the examples of warrior women like 1274:, labels Mary of Burgundy as "Mary Cleophas, believed to be sister of the Virgin Mary" while Maximilian was labeled as Cleophas, brother of Joseph. This painting was likely commissioned to commemorate the 1516 double wedding (between House of Habsburg and House of Hungary) and then bequeathed to the scholar 961: 643:

that only common children of Mary and Maximilian could claim her Burgundian inheritance after her death. But one month after their marriage, she made an amendment that designated Maximilian as the heir in the case they had no children - a clause that the estates would try to repudiate after her death.

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The motif of the Virgin and the Eagle would be seen again during Maximilian's "joyous entry" into Antwerp (1478), on one of the tableaux the city presented him. An eagle was shown offering his own blood to the maiden. The symbol for both Antwerp and Burgundy was also a virgin, while the eagle was the

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Later, her children Philip and Margaret preferred to utilize the images of the undisputed dukes (which were shown in public spaces) instead of those of the disputed duchess to consolidate their rule, but that does not mean they displayed emotional disavowal towards her, as shown by the famous diptych

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19th century reproduction (by Julien Bernard Van der Plaetsen) of a 1507 fresco depicting Mary holding a falcon and the coat of arms of Burgundy with Maximilian. The couple stood as a pair of equals despite Maximilian's status as Emperor. The original work was created to celebrate Charles's status as

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However, within the marriage, Mary retained her political primacy. Her subjects looked at Maximilian's foreigner status and his military ambitions with suspicion. They feared that he would prolong the war to regain the Duchy of Burgundy, and also that new successes would strengthen him and make him a

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Terjanian, Pierre; Bayer, Andrea; Brandow, Adam B.; Demets, Lisa; Kirchhoff, Chassica; Krause, Stefan; Messling, Guido; Morrison, Elizabeth; Nogueira, Alison Manges; Pfaffenbichler, Matthias; Sandbichler, Veronika; Scheffer, Delia; Scholz, Peter; Sila, Roland; Silver, Larry; Spira, Freyda; Wlattnig,

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Noa Turel argues that Mary and her step-mother Margaret of York did willingly join the courtly "theater of devotion" that cast Margaret as Saint Anne and Mary as the Virgin, which are demonstrated by their actions and their self-insertions in the manuscripts associated with the Baptism of Philip the

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Karaskova comments that the type of profile portraits that Roberts considers to be the products of Maximilian's preferences (which also presented her as youthful and wealthy) seemed to have existed and been copied since her lifetime and connected her to her ancestors, especially Philip the Bold, who

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With Maximilian by her side, Mary's position became stronger, politically and militarily. Although he came with no money nor army, nor support from the Empire, and no prior experience in governance, his competence in military matters and his prestige as the son of an emperor boosted the stability of

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According to Haemers and Sutch, the original marriage contract stipulated that Maximilian could not inherit her Burgundian lands if they had children – this means that, the fact the couple produced heirs would give Maximilian troubles later. Some report that the original marriage contract stipulated

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When they had time, the couple indulged themselves with dancing, hunting, music and the love for animals. Mary tried to teach him iceskating, which he struggled to master. They read romances together. Soon after the wedding, she brought falcons into their bedroom (which they shared instead of living

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The Story of the Greatest Nations: A Comprehensive History, Extending from the Earliest Times to the Present, Founded on the Most Modern Authorities, and Including Chronological Summaries and Pronouncing Vocabularies for Each Nation; and the World's Famous Events, Told in a Series of Brief Sketches

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Even during her lifetime, she became the centre of a cult that associated her with the Virgin Mary. It was not unusual for young women to be associated with the Virgin back then, but the similarity in their name made it easier and more provoking in the case of Mary. After her death, both Maximilian

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There was also a type of iconography created for the emperor's private use (instead of being used as a political declaration to the public), created by Bernhard Strigel: Mary, also presented in the imperial style as his empress, queen Ehrenreich and eternal companion, was shown with falcons outside

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Maximilian tended to describe Mary as the Grand Dame, who could stand next to him as sovereigns. The devotion the people of the Low Countries had towards Mary (often idealized as earthly representation of the Virgin Mary) helped Maximilian, their children and the central government in the turbulent

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Mary of Burgundy as ruler seems to be rather a non sequitur topic for a study as her short reign — sandwiched between those more important of her belligerent father, Charles the Bold, and her imposing spouse, Maximilian of Austria — is often marginalized by researchers. A somewhat ambiguous figure,

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By this time, the Burgundian side had lost a lot of military captains owing to defections to France both before and after Charles the Bold's death. The loss of the Duchy of Burgundy cut down the whole government's backbone, consisting of high administrators and military commanders who came from the

1267:, which was also the scene of the deathbed of Mary of Burgundy, with Maximilian, Philip of Spain, Zlatko and other notables around the couch. Philip was presented as a young St. John while Maximilian bowed down as one of the Apostles. The work was last seen in the 1822 sale of the Fries collection. 857:

explained that, "her Habsburg marriage determined the international position of the Netherlands for centuries." and that "her personality and the leniency of her government" preserved "the unity of the core regions of the Burgundian Netherlands.", even if most of the functions of the head of state

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leader of the Empire and relinquished control of the Netherlands to his and Mary's son Philip. By this time, rebellions against Maximilian's authority had been subdued by force and a strong ducal monarchy was established. He made sure that during their son's inauguration, Philip confirmed only the

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She called on her people to stay loyal to the house of Burgundy (there are still extant letters that Mary wrote to the Duchy of Burgundy and Arras asking for their support). Louis XI took over Arras, but the people refused to submit without her approval. Eighteen burgesses were decapitated by the

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Olga Karaskova also opines that the manner she was placed in the premier position and her seal superimposed on his in their seals seems to indicate the conception she had of herself and the way she wanted to be seen by her contemporaries. During Maximilian's later reign, he commissioned numerous

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Maximilian was devastated. She had initially hidden the extent of her injury to calm him down. When he continued to display uncontrollable grief, she had to force him out of her chamber so that she could discuss matters of the state with her nobles, concerning which she asked them to keep their

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In her lifetime, Mary's preferred symbols, which were often associated with her official image, were the falcon and the horse. Ann M.Roberts notes that the falcon seemed to be a substitute for the sword (which was used by her grandfather and father for their seals), that denoted her status and

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Towards the end of her rule, there was an event that exarcebated the division between the central government and other factions: the murder of Jehan (or Jan) van Dadizeele, on 20 October 1481. At the time, there were angry accusations against Maximilian and Filips van Horne (1421-1488),Lord of

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for his heirs, by force of arms if necessary. By February 1477, neither her advisors nor the States General imagined that they could resist the French army. Chancellor Hugonet led a delegation to discuss the prospect of Mary's marriage to the six-year-old Dauphin (later King Charles VIII). The

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commissioned by Margaret to commemorate her mother and created by Jan Mostaert in 1520. Charles V, however, focused on his paternal ancestors, especially on Maximilian and Mary as true progenitors of his house. The falcon also returned and her role as Duchess of Burgundy was also highlighted.

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The reverse of a medal struck in 1477 to celebrate the marriage between Mary and Maximilian. The Virgin, with Child in her lap, stands between two Saints. Inscription reads “tota pulc(h)ra es amica mea et macula non est in te”, an excerpt from the address to the betrothed woman in the

488:, was a few years older than Mary and controlled a duchy that lay alongside Burgundian territory, but his plan to combine his domain with hers was ended by his death in 1473 (he started having stomach pains three days before his death; poison was suspected). Another suitor was 1178:

symbol of the House of Habsburg. The Antwerp (later, his loyal ally in his later turbulent regency) community seemed to welcome Maximilian as their saviour, but also wanted to subtly remind him of limits to his powers and his responsibilities as ruler together with Mary.

3878:. Université Lille Nord de France, Université Charles-de-Gaulle – Lille 3, École doctorale Sciences de l'Homme et de la Société, Centre des recherches IRHiS – UMR 8529, Institut de Recherches Historiques du Septentrion, Musée de l'Ermitage. pp. 139, 140 4669:. Université Lille Nord de France, Université Charles-de-Gaulle – Lille 3, École doctorale Sciences de l'Homme et de la Société, Centre des recherches IRHiS – UMR 8529, Institut de Recherches Historiques du Septentrion, Musée de l'Ermitage. pp. 172–192 1233:

The scene of the wedding of Mary and Maximilian as part of the Arch, painted by Jacob Jordaens. The dog at Maximilian's feet represented marital fidelity while the globe and the lion (her personal attribute and the symbol of Belgium) represented assured

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recovered all the local and communal rights that had been abolished by the decrees of the dukes of Burgundy in their efforts to create a centralised state on the French model out of their disparate holdings in the Low Countries. In particular, the

5543:. Université Lille Nord de France, Université Charles-de-Gaulle – Lille 3, École doctorale Sciences de l'Homme et de la Société, Centre des recherches IRHiS – UMR 8529, Institut de Recherches Historiques du Septentrion, Musée de l'Ermitage 1255:) while placing a rosary on the head of a kneeling Maximilian. When the Fraternity of the Rosary was established in 1475 in Cologne, Maximilian and his father Frederick III were present and among the earliest members. Already in 1478, in 711:

second coming of Charles the Bold, whose legacy had left them with a feeling of distaste – a fear that would prove not unreasonable, considering his autocratic and militaristic tendencies during his later regency. Moreover, according to

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Mary assumed the rule of her father's domains upon his defeat in battle and death on 5 January 1477. King Louis XI of France seized the opportunity to attempt to take possession of the Duchy of Burgundy proper and also the regions of

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The 1482 winter was harsh and France had declared a salt blockade, but the political situation in the Netherlands was overall positive; the French aggression was temporarily checked, and internal peace was in large measure restored.

1173:(1485), Mary was portrayed as Lune (Moon, Diana), Maximilian was Apollon, Phoebus, Titan or King of Ilion, Philip was Jupiter, Margaret of Austria was Venus, while the King of France was Pan and the King of England was Neptune. 549:, two of her father's most influential councilors, and despite her pleadings, executed them on 3 April 1477. They then took away her other advisors too. Koenigsberger suspects that Louis XI might have forged the letters. 3268:"Amable Sablon du Corail, La Guerre, le prince et ses sujets. Les finances des Pays-Bas bourguignons sous Marie de Bourgogne et Maximilien d'Autriche (1477-1493), Turnhout, Brepols, 2019, 632 p., ISBN 978-2-503-58098-2" 824:

of 1493, which established peace in the Low Countries. Mary's marriage into the House of Habsburg proved to be a disaster for France because the Burgundian inheritance later brought it into conflict with Spain and the

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Mary would not gain back the Duchy of Burgundy, occupied by the French king, but she was able to keep her remaining lands intact. In 1478–1479, Maximilian carried out a campaign against the French and reconquered

946:, the brocaded garment, necklaces and brooches), virtuous, pious, passive bride whose wealth he possessed and could do with as he wanted and for whom he constructed a mythology of romantic love between the two. 1289:

as a gift likely by a member of Burgundian-Habsburg family or a person close to Maximilian, contains numerous references to the connection between the Virgin Mary and Mary of Burgundy. For example, the work

918:, who, despite knowing about the risk of black magic, ordered Faustus to raise Alexander and his wife from death. Charles saw that the woman had a birthmark, that he had heard about. Later, the woman in the 5989:

Das Steiermärkische Landesmuseum Joanneum und seine Sammlungen: mit zustimmung des Steuermärkischen Landes-Ausschusses zur 100 Jährigen Grundungsfeier des Joanneums hrsg. vom Kuratorium des Landesmuseums

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by Clara Keyser: Charles V and his genealogical tree, with his two paternal grandparents standing on the columns of Hercules. The branch that leads to Philip the Fair also comes from the mother's side.

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Fair (whose claims to territories through matrilineal inheritance would be strengthened through this association, which also cast him as the infant Jesus). Turel opines that the reason the chronicler

614:(future Holy Roman Emperor Maximilian I), who became her co-ruler. The marriage took place at Ghent on 19 August 1477, she was 20 years old, while he was two years younger. Mary's marriage into the 1524: 445:. As a result, her hand in marriage was eagerly sought by a number of princes. The first proposal was received by her father when she was only five years old, in this case to marry the future King 4413: 421:

was assigned to be responsible for Mary's education and assigned Jeanne de Clito to be her governess. Jeanne remained a friend to Mary later in life and was one of her most constant companions.

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Karaskova, Olga (18 December 2012). "Ung dressoir de cinq degrez : Mary of Burgundy and the construction of the image of the female ruler". In Dresvina, Juliana; Sparks, Nicholas (eds.).

1161:, who overcame her circumstance by passive resistance to suffering. Here passive resistance was portrayed in a good light, as Molinet linked it to the stable time under Mary's grandfather 980:

the window and a hunting scene on her corsage, which seemed to imply courtly love and the days of happiness for the emperor. This iconography also seemed to be connected to the diptych

6247: 1259:, Molinet, as the Burgundy court chronicler, placed a symbolic rosary on the head of Mary of Burgundy. Similarly, in 1518, one year before the emperor's own death, under the order of 8773: 8684: 1480: 8206: 6217: 429:

Philip the Good died in 1467 and Mary's father assumed control of the Burgundian State. Since her father had no living sons at the time of his accession, Mary became his

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Turel, Noa (18 December 2012). "Staging the Court: Auto-Iconicity and Female Authority around a 1478 Burgundian baptism". In Dresvina, Juliana; Sparks, Nicholas (eds.).

345:, with whom she had two children. The marriage kept large parts of the Burgundian lands from disintegration, but also changed the dynasty from Valois to Habsburg (the 472: 4080: 1367:

wrote a one-act comedy in 1853 and a five-act tragedy in 1860 about her life. Other characters include Maximilian, von Ravenstein, Lady Hallwyn, John of Cleves etc.

1169:, whose reign brought Burgundy to ruin. Finally, an eagle (symbol of Maximilian) appeared and saved the ship. When Molinet depicted them as pagan deities, like in 871: 8969: 2710:

Les sources de l'histoire de France des origines aux guerres d'Italie (1494).: Introduction generale Les Valois (suite) Louis XI et Charles VIII (1461-1494)

1298:(d.1505) is a tribute to both the Virgin Mary and Mary of Burgundy. Here, Mary became the deceased heavenly Mother, Friend and Queen of Emperor Maximilian. 8695: 1420:

in Bruges, Belgium. The medallions show Maximilian and Margaret of York. The reliquary in the basilica is crowned with a crown believed to belong to Mary.

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Forming a Single Continuous Story of History and Illumined by a Complete Series of Notable Illustrations from the Great Historic Paintings of All Lands

8668: 6342: 453:; his older brother, King Louis XI of France, was intensely annoyed by Charles's move and attempted to prevent the necessary papal dispensation for 8722: 8642: 8199: 8146: 7437: 805:, was sent in vain to France, to marry the Dauphin, in an attempt to please Louis XI and persuade him not to invade the territories owned by Mary. 8484: 5781:

Graham, Jenny; Wintle, Michael (1 January 2013). "8. Picturing Patriotism: The Image of the Artist-Hero and the Belgian Nation State, 1830–1900".

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Sutch, Susie Speakman (2010). "Politics and Print at the Time of Philip the Fair". In Wijsman, Hanno; Wijsman, Henri Willem; Kelders, Ann (eds.).

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Books in Transition at the Time of Philip the Fair: Manuscripts and Printed Books in the Late Fifteenth and Early Sixteenth Century Low Countries

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Kulturgut: FALKNEREI. Bewerbung zur Eintragung in die nationale Liste des Immateriellen Kulturerbes gemäß UNESCO Konvention MISC/2003/CLT/CH14

8620: 1587:(22 July 1478 – 25 September 1506), who succeeded his mother as Philip IV of Burgundy and became Philip I of Castile through his marriage to 735: 504:). The king's move angered the duke, who seemed to lose control and restarted conflicts with his brother, which ultimately led to his death. 1219:, after 1614. Above the elevation of the arch was the wedding of Maximilian and Mary, with Jupiter and Juno on the top looking approvingly. 7054: 4929:

Bianca Maria Sforza (1472-1510) : herrschaftliche Handlungsspielräume einer Königin vor dem Hintergrund von Hof, Familie und Dynastie

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Marie de Bourgogne et le Grand Héritage : l'iconographie princière face aux défis d'un pouvoir en transition (1477-1530), Volume 2

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Marie de Bourgogne et le Grand Héritage : l'iconographie princière face aux défis d'un pouvoir en transition (1477-1530), Volume 1

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Marie de Bourgogne et le Grand Héritage : l'iconographie princière face aux défis d'un pouvoir en transition (1477-1530), Volume 1

625: 7973: 6955: 4875: 1801: 414: 17: 8999: 3543:

Punished and corrected as an example to all: On the treatment of rebellious nobles during and after the Flemish Revolts (1482-1492)

8587: 5430:"The 'joyous entry' of Archduke Maximilian into Antwerp (13 January 1478): an analysis of a 'most elegant and dignified' dialogue" 3833: 634:. Likely commissioned by Maximilian as a gift to his own immaculate bride. The obverse show names and coats-of-arms of the couple. 8794: 8678: 8236: 910:

and other ancient heroes, as well as the emperor's deceased wife Mary of Burgundy, to entertain Maximilian. In his 1585 account,

1049:

The massive semi-autobiographical works (commissioned by Maximilian, who was also likely their main author) like the epic poems

9009: 8984: 8152: 6225: 1226: 975:

in Berlin. Two of the men tried to escape while another, likely Maximilian, beckoned her to follow him but she took no notice.

722:

In order to bolster support for the government, she focused the most on public appearances, especially public shows of piety.

9004: 8569: 6749: 6645: 6584: 6550: 6489: 6440: 6175: 6141: 6107: 6047: 5839: 5758: 5712: 5514: 5480: 5239: 5146: 5112: 5078: 5032: 4998: 4839: 4781: 4711: 4523: 4450: 4337: 4215: 4169: 4056: 4022: 3935: 3908: 3809: 3775: 3715: 3688: 3642: 3512: 3470: 3407: 3373: 3321: 3240: 3206: 3147: 3113: 3067: 3021: 2987: 2953: 2893: 2811: 2777: 2743: 2684: 2650: 2616: 2570: 2549:"The threatened disintegration of the Burgundian state was prevented, and in the end Maximilian even extended its frontiers." 2535: 2489: 2431: 2044: 1313: 802: 362: 224: 4456: 858:

were carried out by the energetic husband. Historian Jelle Haemers opines that she should not be made into a feminist icon.

9014: 8979: 8739: 8342: 8140: 7430: 784: 669: 665: 489: 1506:, France, renamed in 2001 in homage to the role played by the City of Beaune in the defense of the rights of Duchess Mary. 8836: 8563: 8407: 8330: 5469:

Auwera, Joost vander; Draguet, Michel; Rubens, Peter Paul; Balis, Arnout; Sprang, Sabine van; Kalck, Michèle Van (2007).

4490: 4266:

De strijd om het regentschap over Filips de Schone : opstand, facties en geweld in Brugge, Gent en Ieper (1482-1488)

1339:

in 1847, followed by Eduoard Wallays in the 1860s (in both cases, the scene of the visit was the Hospital of Saint John).

8551: 5472:

Rubens: A Genius at Work : the Works of Peter Paul Rubens in the Royal Museums of Fine Arts of Belgium Reconsidered

8557: 7064: 6775: 6727: 6708: 6687: 6664: 6624: 4264: 3267: 501: 3444:"14. The House of Croÿ and Mary of Burgundy. Or How to Keep Noble Elites at the Burgundian-Habsburg Court (1477-1482)" 798:

The bankrupted court honoured her with a glorious funeral, as Maximilian melted down the silverware for the occasion.

8884: 8879: 8673: 8381: 8353: 8134: 7620: 7399: 7049: 6472: 5800: 5678: 5619: 5405: 5371: 5310: 4615: 4581: 4277: 3576: 590:(established formally by Charles the Bold in 1470) was abolished and replaced with the pre-existing authority of the 31: 1316:. The work was a part of the era's literary fairy tale vogue, which was welcomed enthusiastically by contemporaries. 8425: 8386: 7857: 7754: 7705: 7206: 6916: 1594: 611: 342: 180: 113: 8717: 537:

king as they were discovered trying to go to see her. He ordered a mass expulsion and renamed the town Franchise.

8939: 8899: 8164: 7911: 7486: 7423: 7098: 4927: 500:, prevented the match for both political and personal reasons (he initially wanted to support his brother-in-law 450: 6315: 1251:, the Virgin Mary (representation of Mary of Burgundy) was depicted holding the infant Jesus (representation of 8799: 8767: 8479: 8158: 8104: 8043: 8035: 7996: 7697: 7542: 7526: 7446: 730:

Gaasbeek, one of his closest counsellors. In 2023, a letter written by Frederik van Horn and preserved at the

6490:"Nieuw standbeeld 'De val van het paard' in Jabbeke: geïnspireerd op fatale val hertogin Maria Van Bourgondië" 3608:. Vol. 17 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 922–923, see page 922 lines five and six. 1381:

There are two paintings involving Mary and Maximilian among the principal historical paintings of the painter

8663: 8626: 8463: 8098: 8027: 7888: 7681: 7673: 7574: 7518: 6982: 6948: 5171:""Imaige a la Vierge Marie"; The Hours of Mary of Burgundy, Her Marriage, and Her Painter, Hugo van der Goes" 2355: 1320: 991:

Maximilian I and Mary of Burgundy, stained glass, Basilica of the Holy Blood in Bruges, between 1480 and 1490

915: 619: 540:

The king of France was anxious that Mary should marry his son Charles and thus secure the inheritance of the

5940:

Hieronymus Rides: Episodes in the Life of a Knight and Jester at the Court of Maximilian, King of the Romans

1372:

Hieronymus Rides: Episodes in the Life of a Knight and Jester at the Court of Maximilian, King of the Romans

8954: 8919: 8821: 8457: 8092: 7665: 7642: 7534: 2390:

Jansen states Mary died pregnant with her third child, however Hand states Mary had three children by 1481.

2365: 1360:. In the novel, she was depicted as the representation of maternalistic feudalism that the author espoused. 1357: 1335:

and Bartholomeus van der Helst as depicted by Dutch artists. The first painter who depicted this scene was

668:, her cousin and childhood friend (who had been put forth as a bridegroom candidate for Mary by his father 651: 485: 8690: 7323: 618:

initiated two centuries of contention between France and the Habsburgs, a struggle that climaxed with the

8964: 8959: 8924: 8826: 8593: 8419: 8314: 8241: 7358: 3990: 1610: 1004: 350: 8224:

Later generations are included although Austrian titles of nobility were abolished and outlawed in 1919.

7157: 4573:

Trithemius and Magical Theology: A Chapter in the Controversy over Occult Studies in Early Modern Europe

1546: 460: 8994: 8949: 8944: 8934: 8914: 8904: 8831: 8761: 8615: 8516: 7502: 7404: 7353: 7211: 6877: 3594: 2261: 1955: 1923: 1570: 1519:. Other symbols of Bruges like the Basilica of Holy Blood and the Church of Our Lady are also featured. 1417: 788: 696: 166: 5782: 8929: 8909: 8451: 8069: 7800: 7597: 7125: 6700:

Monarchies, States Generals and Parliaments: The Netherlands in the Fifteenth and Sixteenth Centuries

5070:

The Virgin Mary's Book at the Annunciation: Reading, Interpretation, and Devotion in Medieval England

3707:

Emperor Charles V, Impresario of War: Campaign Strategy, International Finance, and Domestic Politics

2371: 2131: 1089: 854: 484:, Louis wanted him to be the one to marry Mary, even though he was thirteen years younger than Mary. 397:, was attended by a clap of thunder ringing from the otherwise clear twilight sky. Her godfather was 349:

itself soon became a French possession). This was a turning point in European politics, leading to a

5333:

Dixon, Rebecca (2006). "A consolatory allusion in Jean Molinet's le naufrage de la pucelle (1477)".

2423:

The Golden Mean of Languages: Forging Dutch and French in the Early Modern Low Countries (1540–1620)

8522: 8124: 7822: 7789: 7762: 7631: 7494: 7223: 7091: 6941: 6802: 6432:

Flemish Symphonic Music Since 1950: Historical Overview, Discussion of Selected Works and Inventory

3927:

The Hours of Mary of Burgundy: Codex Vindobonensis 1857, Vienna, Österreichische Nationalbibliothek

1598: 1486: 898:

legend is strongly based on a legend involving Mary, Maximilian and the priest, abbot and humanist

850: 747: 358: 291: 6542:

The Life and Reign of Edward the Fourth (Vol 2): King of England and of France and Lord of Ireland

5987: 5609: 4012: 1378:, Mary was once loved by the jester and knight Hieronymus, who served his half-brother Maximilian. 688: 8733: 8599: 7510: 7233: 7164: 7086: 3900:

Excavating the Medieval Image: Manuscripts, Artists, Audiences: Essays in Honor of Sandra Hindman

3346:

Philips Van Kleef, een Bijdrage tot de kennis van zijn leven en karakter, academisch proefschrift

2917: 2360: 1897: 1441: 1025: 795:

loyalty oath to him and their children. Maximilian was not present when she said her last words.

438: 7778: 3898: 3541: 3232:

For the Common Good: State Power and Urban Revolts in the Reign of Mary of Burgundy, (1477-1482)

3139:

For the Common Good: State Power and Urban Revolts in the Reign of Mary of Burgundy, (1477-1482)

2142: 606:

The wedding of Mary and Maximilian, Relief No.1, The Cenotaph of Emperor Maximilian in Innsbruck

8804: 8375: 8215: 8082: 7904: 7258: 7216: 5563: 3739: 1602: 1484:("Mary of Burgundy: alone versus all"), is dedicated to her as part (Season 15) of the program 1154: 1071:, Mary urged the knight Theuerdank (Noble Thought, alter ego of Maximilian) to go on a crusade. 809: 772: 587: 481: 446: 7174: 7130: 6612: 6540: 6012: 5863: 5829: 5748: 5668: 5643: 5470: 5395: 5275: 5068: 4771: 4605: 4571: 4513: 4327: 4239: 4046: 3765: 3678: 3632: 3397: 3311: 3171: 2767: 2733: 2708: 2674: 2640: 771:, that attracted top diplomats from Belgium, the Netherlands and Austria. Austrian Ambassador 418: 8756: 8391: 7587: 7120: 6165: 6037: 5962: 5702: 5300: 5136: 5102: 5022: 4988: 4829: 4701: 4414:"Lady Di zonder de paparazzi: 'Maak van Maria Van Bourgondië vooral geen feministisch icoon'" 4159: 4081:"Cold case na 542 jaar opgelost, dankzij ontdekking in het Gelders Archief - Gelders Archief" 3705: 3502: 3443: 3363: 3196: 2560: 2479: 2421: 1833: 1606: 1433:, Mary loved Philippe de Ravenstein (Philip of Cleves) but had to sacrifice her feelings for 1079: 930: 6574: 6097: 2454: 1471:

is a 2019 musical written by Florian and Irene Scherz about Maximilian and Mary of Burgundy.

8894: 8889: 8658: 8528: 8348: 8309: 7963: 7184: 7147: 6167:

Early Modern Women in the Low Countries: Feminizing Sources and Interpretations of the Past

1146: 1098: 967: 768: 712: 497: 333:, Mary inherited the Burgundian lands at the age of 19 upon the death of her father in the 1389:(1822, Belvedere, Wien) in which Mary presented their son to her husband and the other is 480:

As soon as Louis succeeded in producing a male heir who survived infancy, the future King

8: 8789: 8413: 8277: 8246: 7927: 7880: 7744: 7655: 7610: 7564: 7476: 7463: 7338: 7228: 7103: 7039: 7034: 7026: 6925: 5992:(in German). Ulrich Mosers Buchhandlung (I. Meyerhoff) k.u.k. Hofbuchhändler. p. 358 4387: 3399:

The Growth of the Antwerp Market and the European Economy: Fourteenth-Sixteenth Centuries

2327: 2316: 2283: 2076: 1981: 1712: 1584: 1343: 1248: 1113: 1067:

are in parts tribute to their love and marriage. As Queen Ehrenreich (Rich in Honour) in

907: 899: 660:

her realms. He took over the war effort, concerning both military and financial details.

394: 390: 330: 307: 259: 219: 103: 1458: 876: 808:

Louis was swift to re-engage hostilities with Maximilian and forced him to agree to the

8435: 7919: 7896: 7731: 7298: 7283: 7189: 7135: 7017: 6891: 6886: 6343:"Streetartkunstenaar Stan Slabbinck wekt vier Brugse zotten tot leven vlak bij 't Zand" 6265: 5831:

Victorian Novel Before Victoria: British Fiction During The Reign Of William Iv 1830-37

5583: 5451: 5190: 4294: 3476: 3285: 2239: 1775: 1275: 1195: 1105:, he likely had to accompany Maximilian to the battlefield at the time of the baptism. 813: 591: 565:

on 10 February 1477, the occasion of her formal recognition as her father's heir (the "

398: 354: 154: 7044: 3959: 1430: 775:

comments that the wedding was the moment "the ties between our countries were formed."

8336: 8293: 8184: 8017: 7986: 7950: 7870: 7389: 7384: 7363: 7318: 7313: 7308: 7288: 7278: 7268: 7152: 7081: 7074: 6992: 6974: 6895: 6867: 6771: 6745: 6723: 6704: 6683: 6660: 6641: 6620: 6580: 6546: 6468: 6436: 6171: 6137: 6103: 6070: 6043: 5835: 5796: 5754: 5708: 5674: 5615: 5587: 5510: 5476: 5455: 5401: 5367: 5306: 5235: 5194: 5142: 5108: 5074: 5028: 4994: 4835: 4777: 4707: 4611: 4607:

Faustus on Trial: The Origins of Johann Spies's 'Historia' in an Age of Witch Hunting

4577: 4519: 4446: 4333: 4273: 4211: 4165: 4132: 4106: 4052: 4018: 3931: 3904: 3805: 3771: 3711: 3684: 3638: 3572: 3508: 3480: 3466: 3403: 3369: 3317: 3289: 3236: 3202: 3143: 3109: 3063: 3017: 2983: 2949: 2889: 2807: 2773: 2739: 2680: 2646: 2612: 2566: 2531: 2485: 2427: 2305: 2272: 2228: 2017: 1653: 1588: 1556:

was erected, created by the sculptor Livia Canestraro, depicting her fall from horse.

1531: 1454: 1434: 1397: 1375: 1364: 1336: 1252: 1202: 919: 885:

Mary of Burgundy, portrait by the circle of Master of the Legend of Saint Madeleine (

826: 780: 752: 704: 615: 578: 434: 346: 319: 315: 203: 150: 8115: 5280:(in German). In Commission der Buchhandlung Prandel und Meyer. pp. 88, 108, 109 4361: 1462: 1244: 1122: 8272: 7940: 7840: 7770: 7368: 7348: 7328: 7273: 7263: 7250: 7240: 7113: 7069: 7059: 7002: 6964: 6907: 6903: 6899: 6882: 6872: 6859: 6854: 6850: 6846: 6839: 5788: 5575: 5441: 5342: 5182: 3458: 3275: 2347: 2294: 2250: 2206: 2195: 2184: 2179: 2172: 1739: 1577:

Mary's son Philip succeeded to her dominions under the guardianship of his father.

1412: 1271: 1166: 906:

writes about a magician and necromancer (understood to be Trithemius) who summoned

821: 817: 675:

Violet Soen shows that by political manipulation, Mary managed to tie the powerful

582: 574: 493: 430: 386: 366: 326: 303: 299: 295: 249: 133: 93: 66: 7555: 7142: 5446: 5429: 3521: 3037: 1491: 676: 522: 7832: 7689: 7394: 7343: 7333: 7303: 7199: 7194: 7169: 7108: 6997: 6987: 6810: 6739: 6698: 6635: 6430: 6291: 6131: 5938: 5913: 5888: 5504: 5361: 4639: 4515:

Networks, Regions and Nations: Shaping Identities in the Low Countries, 1300-1650

4440: 4205: 3925: 3799: 3566: 3230: 3137: 3103: 3057: 3011: 2977: 2943: 2883: 2801: 2606: 2525: 1680: 1260: 1214: 1162: 1076:

and her Burgundian subjects dedicated much artworks and propaganda to this cult.

558: 406: 334: 311: 271: 239: 6785:

Ward, Adolphus William; Prothero, George Walter; Leathes, Stanley, eds. (1934).

6392: 3989: 516:

Portrait of Mary, Duchess of Burgundy, attributed to Niklas Reiser, around 1500.

7179: 6199: 3462: 2322: 1282: 1208: 1158: 1108: 911: 465: 410: 402: 279: 58: 5792: 5784:

The Historical Imagination in Nineteenth-Century Britain and the Low Countries

4482: 3593: 3365:

Neptune and the Netherlands: State, Economy, and War at Sea in the Renaissance

1186: 8868: 8369: 8004: 3985: 3599: 3359: 2256: 2167: 1516: 1445:("Maximilian: The Game of Power and Love"), released in the United States as 1295: 923: 903: 631: 546: 541: 454: 442: 353:

that would endure for centuries. Long after Mary's death, her husband became

6676: 5346: 4133:"Mechels Museum Hof van Busleyden verwelkomt ene hoge bezoeker na de andere" 4048:

The Court as a Stage: England and the Low Countries in the Later Middle Ages

2223: 1270:

The famous diptych of Maximilian's extended family (after 1515), painted by

7293: 5579: 5186: 2278: 1382: 1328: 1324: 1130: 760: 700: 610:

Mary soon made her choice among the many suitors for her hand by selecting

566: 4307: 3924:

Church, Catholic; Spierinc, Nicolas; Nacional, Áustria Biblioteca (1995).

3280: 2945:

Die Grabstätten der Habsburger: Kunstdenkmäler einer europäischen Dynastie

2190: 1037: 405:. Reactions to the child's birth were mixed: the baby's grandfather, Duke 7415: 5302:

Technique and Technology: Script, Print, and Poetics in France, 1470-1550

3658: 3423: 2311: 2300: 2245: 2201: 1498: 1475: 1405: 1150: 6520: 5273: 4000:. Vol. 17 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 824. 1278:

as a sign of imperial favour (it would become part of his family altar).

1083:

Folio 14v: The Virgin in a church with Mary of Burgundy at her devotions

1010: 840:

Olga Karaskova summarizes scholarly opinions on Mary's rule as follows:

7450: 4932:. Leopold-Franzens-Universität Innsbruck. pp. 1, 51, 132, 134, 135 4107:"Oostenrijkse ambassadeur bezoekt tentoonstelling in Hof van Busleyden" 2289: 1511:

There is a huge mural (created in 2019) in the centre of Bruges, named

1063: 1051: 684: 382: 337:

on 5 January 1477. In order to counter the appetite of the French king

4773:

Mixed Metaphors: The Danse Macabre in Medieval and Early Modern Europe

4241:

Memoirs of Mary, the Young Duchess of Burgundy, and Her Contemporaries

3634:

The Promised Lands: The Low Countries Under Burgundian Rule, 1369-1530

1453:, a 2017 German-Austrian three-part historical miniseries directed by 7813: 4739: 4161:

The Monstrous Regiment of Women: Female Rulers in Early Modern Europe

3173:

The New Cambridge Modern History: 1713-63. The Old Regime. volume VII

2212: 1138: 1101:

only offered a brief description of this important event was that as

881: 877:

Arts and legends under the rule of Mary, Maximilian and the Habsburgs

417:

was delighted at the birth of a granddaughter. Her illegitimate aunt

5170: 4703:

Women and Portraits in Early Modern Europe: Gender, Agency, Identity

4362:"Waarom behoort Maria van Bourgondië nu tot de Canon van Nederland?" 3873: 3631:

Blockmans, Willem Pieter; Blockmans, Wim; Prevenier, Walter (1999).

512: 5538: 5229: 4664: 2267: 2234: 1465:

as Mary of Burgundy, recounts the story of their marriage and love.

570: 378: 338: 129: 6933: 6266:"Secrets d'Histoire - Marie de Bourgogne : seule contre tous" 5138:

Conduct Becoming: Good Wives and Husbands in the Later Middle Ages

3198:

The Richest Man Who Ever Lived: The Life and Times of Jacob Fugger

4476: 4474: 2642:

Elizabeth Woodville - A Life: The Real Story of the 'White Queen'

1553: 1502:

Decorations on Porte Marie de Bourgogne, formerly Maison Calvet,

1142: 1057: 692: 526: 433:. Her father controlled a vast and wealthy domain made up of the 401:, in exile in Burgundy at that time; he named her for his mother 234: 6465:

Miroir de Marie Bourgogne ! le Cycle de la Maison de Valois

4831:

The Ends of the Body: Identity and Community in Medieval Culture

2676:

The Yorkist Kings and the Wars of the Roses: Part One: Edward IV

6316:"De la Maison J. Calvet & Co à la Porte Marie de Bourgogne" 5728: 5564:"Many Paths Must a Choirbook Tread Before it Reaches the Pope?" 1503: 942: 530: 6296:(in French). Compagnie française de Journaux. 2001. p. 24 4968: 4956: 4855: 4471: 2827: 837:

rights granted to territories by the time of Philip the Good.

820:

passed for a time to French rule, only to be recovered by the

6741:

The Last Knight: The Art, Armor, and Ambition of Maximilian I

6637:

Women, Manuscripts and Identity in Northern Europe, 1350–1550

5360:

Suntrup, Rudolf; Veenstra, Jan R.; Bollmann, Anne M. (2005).

4944: 4907: 4895: 4809: 4797: 4751: 4445:(in German). Verlag für Geschichte und Politik. p. 356. 1286: 895: 655:

Mary of Burgundy on horseback with her falcon, medal, ca.1477

562: 5809: 4539: 4442:

Maximilian I.: die Fundamente des habsburgischen Weltreiches

3897:

Roberts, Ann M. (30 November 2017). David S. Areford (ed.).

3348:. J.B. Wolters' uitgevers-maatschappij. pp. 15, 21, 22. 1029:

Right wing of the diptych by Jan Mostaert - Mary of Burgundy

557:

Mary was compelled to sign a charter of rights known as the

8822:

Freiin Francesca Thyssen-Bornemisza de Kászon et Impérfalva

6736: 5231:

Authority and Gender in Medieval and Renaissance Chronicles

5209: 4329:

Authority and Gender in Medieval and Renaissance Chronicles

4313: 3664: 3630: 3527: 3429: 3043: 1565: 1525:

Hugo van der Goes painting the portrait of Mary of Burgundy

832:

In 1493, Emperor Frederick III died. Maximilian became the

8068: 5277:

Berichte und Mittheilungen des Alterthums-Vereines zu Wien

4681: 2459:. University of California Press. 14 April 1968. p. 6 322:

and other territories, from 1477 until her death in 1482.

6738:

Robert; Wolf, Barbara; Zenz, Christina (2 October 2019).

5363:

Medien Der Symbolik in Spätmittelalter und Früher Neuzeit

5104:

Double Vision: Perspectives on Gender and the Visual Arts

4727: 2608:

The Good King: René of Anjou and Fifteenth Century Europe

5670:

The Cult of St. Anne in Medieval and Early Modern Europe

5568:

Medieval & Early Modern Music from the Low Countries

5468: 4551: 3738:

Ellis, Edward Sylvester; Horne, Charles Francis (1914).

2851: 2772:. University of Toronto Press. pp. 1301, 131, 149. 1616:

Franz or François (2 September 1481 – 26 December 1481).

1597:(10 January 1480 – 1 December 1530), married firstly to 1352:

Mary was the main character in the 1833 eponymous novel

5359: 5048: 4828:

Akbari, Suzanne Conklin; Ross, Jill (29 January 2013).

3504:

Vanished Kingdoms: The History of Half-Forgotten Europe

1416:

Gilded statue of Mary of Burgundy on the façade of the

1393:

which describes their meeting.(1813, Joanneum at Graz).

872:

Cultural depictions of Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor

8485:

Princess Elisabeth Christine of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel

8214: 6435:. Matrix, New Music Documentation Centre. p. 72. 6248:"Eigenproduktion: Der Kaiser auf der Neukloster-Bühne" 3923: 3402:. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 109. 2839: 1319:

In the nineteenth century, together with her grandson

5611:

Delphi Complete Works of Albrecht Dürer (Illustrated)

5255: 4770:

Knöll, Stefanie A.; Oosterwijk, Sophie (1 May 2011).

3853: 3083: 2505: 569:"). Under this agreement, the provinces and towns of 389:, then known as the Count of Charolais, and his wife 6789:. Vol. XIII. Cambridge at the University Press. 6508: 6410: 6102:(in French). Nouvelles Editions Latines. p. 6. 4986: 3612: 2337: 409:, was unimpressed, and "chose not to attend the as 8582:

Princess Hermine of Anhalt-Bernburg-Schaumburg-Hoym

6784: 6526: 6363: 5828:King, Margaret F.; Engel, Elliot (3 January 2016). 5747:Bullard, Rebecca; Carnell, Rachel (24 March 2017). 5234:. Cambridge Scholars Publishing. pp. 343–374. 2863: 2803:

Women in World History: A Biographical Encyclopedia

2562:

The Parliaments of Early Modern Europe: 1400 - 1700

1165:, who in Molinet's works was often contrasted with 7730: 7462: 6768:Charles the Bold: The Last Valois Duke of Burgundy 6675: 6619:. Vol. I. Cambridge at the University Press. 6164:Broomhall, Susan; Spinks, Jennifer (13 May 2016). 5506:The Decorations for the Pompa Introitus Ferdinandi 4185: 3313:Charles the Bold: The Last Valois Duke of Burgundy 2586: 956:l'Ancien livre de prières de Maximilien d'Autriche 736:the Flemish revolts against Maximilian (1482–1492) 664:French-speaking nobility in Burgundy and Picardy. 6576:Maximilian I (1459-1519): An Analytical Biography 6191: 5704:Art and Interreligious Dialogue: Six Perspectives 5274:Der Verein für Geschichte der Stadt Wien (1890). 5024:The Habsburgs: The Rise and Fall of a World Power 3835:Habsburg female regents in the early 16th century 3637:. University of Pennsylvania Press. p. 199. 3309: 1540:Songs and dances at the Court of Mary of Burgundy 1536:Zang en dans aan het hof van Maria Van Bourgondië 8866: 8643:Princess Adelgunde of Bavaria, Duchess of Modena 8480:Princess Wilhelmina Amalia of Brunswick-Lüneburg 5986:Joanneum, Steiermärkisches Landesmuseum (1911). 5707:. University Press of America. pp. 13, 14. 5397:Die Allegorie im Werk von Jean Lemaire de Belges 5141:. University of Pennsylvania Press. p. 12. 3059:Maria von Burgund: des Hauses Habsburg Kronjuwel 8856:also an archduchess of Austria in her own right 8774:Princess Maria of Löwenstein-Wertheim-Rosenberg 7055:Assassination of Louis I, Duke of Orléans, 1407 6428: 6163: 4861: 4834:. University of Toronto Press. pp. 38–39. 4769: 476:The contenders for the hand of Mary of Burgundy 393:. Her birth, according to the court chronicler 286:; 13 February 1457 – 27 March 1482), nicknamed 8464:Countess Palatine Eleonor Magdalene of Neuburg 6462: 5915:Maria von Burgund: Schauspiel in fünf Aufzügen 5746: 5641: 5107:. Fairleigh Dickinson Univ Press. p. 78. 4776:. Cambridge Scholars Publishing. p. 150. 4332:. Cambridge Scholars Publishing. p. 318. 3261: 3259: 2799: 1404:stands in Golden Fleece Muntplein, created by 1308:Mary was the main character in the 1674 novel 865: 8970:15th-century women from the Holy Roman Empire 8685:Princess Maria Immaculata of the Two Sicilies 8669:Princess Maria Annunciata of the Two Sicilies 8200: 7431: 6949: 6696: 5734: 5561: 4644:. Columbia University Press. pp. 153–162 4545: 4511: 3680:The Rise of Female Kings in Europe, 1300-1800 3310:Vaughan, Richard; Paravicini, Werner (2002). 2833: 1015:Portrait of Emperor Maximilian and his family 982:Portrait of Emperor Maximilian and his family 30:For other people named Mary of Burgundy, see 6099:Marie de Bourgogne: la princesse aux chaînes 6014:Bryan's Dictionary of Painters and Engravers 5815: 5780: 5607: 4925: 4641:The Legendary Character of Kaiser Maximilian 4078: 2769:Philippe de Commynes: Memory, Betrayal, Text 2707:Molinier, Auguste Émile Louis Marie (1904). 1427:Marie de Bourgogne: la princesse aux chaînes 757:Maximilian and Mary's meeting in Ghent, 1477 8728:Princess Maria Cristina of the Two Sicilies 8558:Princess Maria Theresa of Naples and Sicily 7207:War of the Burgundian Succession, 1477-1482 5753:. Cambridge University Press. p. 209. 5750:The Secret History in Literature, 1660-1820 4637: 4438: 4017:. Amberley Publishing Limited. p. 50. 3831: 3265: 3256: 2481:Reformation in the Low Countries, 1500-1620 2361:Other politically important horse accidents 1522:The Austrian artist Wilhelm Koller painted 1481:Marie de Bourgogne : seule contre tous 8975:Deaths by horse-riding accident in Belgium 8638:Princess Clotilde of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha 8632:Archduchess Elisabeth Franziska of Austria 8576:Grand Duchess Alexandra Pavlovna of Russia 8207: 8193: 7445: 7438: 7424: 6956: 6942: 6218:"Musical "Maximilian – ein wahrer Ritter"" 5536: 5393: 4993:. Cambridge University Press. p. 94. 4990:The Cambridge History of German Literature 4974: 4962: 4950: 4913: 4901: 4827: 4815: 4803: 4757: 4745: 4733: 4299:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( 3871: 3737: 3710:. Cambridge University Press. p. 71. 2484:. Cambridge University Press. p. 21. 2456:A Century of Dutch Manuscript illumination 1442:Maximilian – Das Spiel von Macht und Liebe 1153:. He emphasized, though, the story of the 646: 47: 8990:Wives of Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor 6610: 5893:(in German). Druck von C. Wolf & Sohn 5890:Maria von Burgund: Lustspiel in 1 Aufzuge 5827: 5445: 5298: 5100: 4662: 4557: 4325: 4314:Blockmans, Blockmans & Prevenier 1999 4044: 4010: 3770:. Harvard University Press. p. 501. 3279: 3194: 2915: 2857: 2638: 2605:Kekewich, Margaret L. (31 October 2008). 1391:Kaiser Maximilian I und Maria von Burgund 779:In 1482, a falcon hunt in the woods near 8458:Archduchess Claudia Felicitas of Austria 7065:Assassination of John the Fearless, 1419 7050:Armagnac–Burgundian Civil War, 1407-1435 6538: 5985: 5608:Dürer, Albrecht; Russell, Peter (2016). 5427: 4987:Watanabe-O'Kelly, Helen (12 June 2000). 4512:Stein, Robert; Pollmann, Judith (2010). 4237: 4014:Margaret of York: The Diabolical Duchess 3984: 3539: 3009: 2975: 2948:(in German). Brandstätter. p. 108. 2888:(in German). Amalthea. pp. 39, 72. 2885:Maximilian I.: Kaiser, Künstler, Kämpfer 2881: 2800:Commire, Anne; Klezmer, Deborah (1999). 2706: 2604: 2130: 1564: 1497: 1411: 1354:Mary of Burgundy, or The Revolt of Ghent 1342: 1107: 1078: 1036: 1024: 1009: 986: 960: 952:Old Prayer Book of Maximilian of Austria 929: 887:Maître de la Légende de sainte Madeleine 880: 751: 650: 624: 601: 511: 471: 459: 8535:Maria Beatrice d'Este, Duchess of Massa 8420:Archduchess Maria Leopoldine of Austria 6765: 6673: 6613:"The Burgundian Netherlands, 1477-1521" 6611:Armstrong, Charles Arthur John (1957). 6572: 6429:Delaere, Mark; Compeers, Joris (2006). 6197: 6136:(in French). Le Préambule. p. 66. 6039:Landmark Visitors Guide Bruges: Belgium 5861: 4699: 4687: 4480: 4411: 4262: 4203: 4104: 3896: 3591: 3358: 3343: 3235:. Isd. p. 23,25,26,38,41,100,266. 3228: 3169: 3135: 2845: 2765: 2511: 2420:Haar, Alisa van de (2 September 2019). 1387:Der Einzug Kaiser Maximilians I.in Gent 984:by Bernhard Strigel (mentioned below). 468:, struck under Mary of Burgundy in 1478 14: 8875:Nobility of the Burgundian Netherlands 8867: 8852:also a princess of Tuscany by marriage 6717: 6654: 6514: 6373:. Triennale de Bruges. pp. 18, 20 6129: 6095: 6042:. Hunter Publishing, Inc. p. 76. 6035: 5911: 5886: 5502: 5134: 4873: 4610:. Walter de Gruyter. pp. 95–103. 4359: 4157: 3957: 3859: 3797: 3683:. Yale University Press. p. 138. 3676: 3618: 3585: 3564: 3500: 3089: 3055: 2731: 2611:. Palgrave Macmillan UK. p. 230. 2592: 2558: 1997: 1877: 1873: 1863: 1755: 1643: 1639: 1591:(known to history as "Juana la Loca"). 1347:Mary and Maximilian visit Hans Memling 1310:Histoire secrète de Marie de Bourgogne 552: 8848:*also an infanta of Spain by marriage 8588:Duchess Maria Dorothea of Württemberg 8570:Princess Henrietta of Nassau-Weilburg 8188: 8067: 7729: 7461: 7419: 6937: 6416: 6133:Le roman historique: guide de lecture 6010: 5673:. Taylor & Francis. p. 141. 5666: 5332: 5261: 5227: 5215: 5168: 5073:. Boydell & Brewer. p. 206. 5066: 5054: 5027:. Penguin Books Limited. p. 51. 4603: 4569: 4489:. Zweites Deutsches Fernsehen (ZDF). 4011:Weightman, Christine (15 June 2009). 3763: 3703: 3507:. Penguin Books Limited. p. 52. 3101: 2941: 2869: 2735:The Valois: Kings of France 1328-1589 2713:(in French). B. Franklin. p. 129 2523: 2074: 2064: 2060: 2048: 2042: 2032: 2015: 2005: 2001: 1985: 1979: 1969: 1953: 1943: 1939: 1927: 1921: 1911: 1895: 1885: 1881: 1857: 1847: 1831: 1821: 1817: 1805: 1799: 1789: 1773: 1763: 1759: 1743: 1737: 1727: 1710: 1700: 1696: 1684: 1678: 1668: 1651: 1647: 1314:Charlotte-Rose de Caumont de La Force 27:Duchess of Burgundy from 1477 to 1482 8740:Archduchess Marie Valerie of Austria 8696:Archduchess Maria Theresa of Austria 8436:Countess Palatine Hedwig of Sulzbach 6697:Koenigsberger, Helmut Georg (2001). 6633: 6198:Pickard, Michael (12 January 2017). 5936: 5700: 5020: 4493:from the original on 1 November 2021 4459:from the original on 1 November 2021 4191: 4079:Haemers, Jelle; van Driel, Maarten. 3841:. University of Helsinki. p. 36 3704:Tracy, James D. (14 November 2002). 3441: 3316:. Boydell Press. pp. 232, 233. 2916:Abernethy, Susan (17 January 2014). 2806:. Yorkin Publications. p. 535. 2766:Kleiman, Irit Ruth (22 March 2013). 2672: 2477: 2419: 997:Book of Hours of Mary and Maximilian 973:Book of Hours of Mary and Maximilian 785:Adolph of Cleves, Lord of Ravenstein 490:George Plantagenet, Duke of Clarence 8837:Princess Marie Astrid of Luxembourg 8564:Princess Luisa of Naples and Sicily 8331:Maria Manuela, Princess of Portugal 7224:Second Utrecht Civil War, 1481-1483 6963: 6615:. In Potter, George Richard (ed.). 6539:Scofield, Cora L. (23 April 2019). 6487: 4700:Pearson, Andrea (5 December 2016). 4045:Gunn, Steven J.; Janse, A. (2006). 3764:Fried, Johannes (13 January 2015). 3677:Monter, William (24 January 2012). 3451:Marie de Bourgogne/Mary of Burgundy 3395: 3266:Lassalmonie, Jean-François (2021). 3062:(in German). Seewald. p. 146. 1302: 889:), Château de Gaasbeek, c. 1530–40. 791:on 3 April 1482. She was pregnant. 741: 695:. He defeated the French forces at 424: 24: 8216:Austrian archduchesses by marriage 7165:First Utrecht Civil War, 1470-1474 6340: 5475:. Lannoo Uitgeverij. p. 242. 5101:Bluestone, Natalie Harris (1995). 3571:. Headstart History. p. 126. 3501:Davies, Norman (27 October 2011). 3201:. Simon and Schuster. p. 78. 2639:MacGibbon, David (15 April 2013). 25: 9026: 8790:Princess Regina of Saxe-Meiningen 8702:Princess Auguste Maria of Bavaria 8674:Infanta Maria Theresa of Portugal 8523:Princess Maria Josepha of Bavaria 8452:Infanta Margaret Theresa of Spain 6573:Benecke, Gerhard (26 June 2019). 6527:Ward, Prothero & Leathes 1934 4105:Bosmans, Ward (12 January 2022). 3991:"Mary, duchess of Burgundy" 3958:Demets, Lisa (1 September 2020). 3195:Steinmetz, Greg (4 August 2015). 1447:Maximilian and Marie De Bourgogne 1090:Book of Hours of Mary of Burgundy 329:, Duke of Burgundy, and his wife 32:Mary of Burgundy (disambiguation) 8723:Princess Maria Josepha of Saxony 8600:Princess Maria Beatrice of Savoy 8552:Duchess Elisabeth of Württemberg 8114: 7812: 7554: 7016: 6657:The Habsburg Monarchy, 1618–1815 6617:The New Cambridge Modern History 6566: 6532: 6481: 6456: 6422: 6385: 6357: 6334: 6308: 6284: 6258: 6240: 6210: 6157: 6123: 6089: 6063: 6029: 6004: 5979: 5955: 5943:. Macmillan and Company, Limited 5930: 5905: 5880: 5855: 5821: 5774: 5740: 5694: 5660: 5648:. Houghton, Mifflin. p. 344 5635: 5614:. Delphi Classics. p. 159. 5601: 5555: 5530: 5496: 5462: 5421: 5387: 5353: 5326: 5292: 5267: 5221: 5162: 5128: 5094: 5060: 5014: 4980: 4483:"Maximilian - Der letzte Ritter" 4412:Raspoet, Erik (20 August 2019). 4238:Costello, Louisa Stuart (1853). 3592:Holland, Arthur William (1911). 3546:. Leiden University. p. 102 3396:Wee, H. Van der (29 June 2013). 2679:. Lulu Press, Inc. p. 170. 2559:Graves, M. A. R. (6 June 2014). 2340: 2326:5 January 1477 – 27 March 1482: 2321: 2315:5 January 1477 – 27 March 1482: 2310: 2304:5 January 1477 – 27 March 1482: 2299: 2293:5 January 1477 – 27 March 1482: 2288: 2282:5 January 1477 – 27 March 1482: 2277: 2271:5 January 1477 – 27 March 1482: 2266: 2260:5 January 1477 – 27 March 1482: 2255: 2249:5 January 1477 – 27 March 1482: 2244: 2238:5 January 1477 – 27 March 1482: 2233: 2227:5 January 1477 – 27 March 1482: 2222: 2216:5 January 1477 – 27 March 1482: 2211: 2205:5 January 1477 – 27 March 1482: 2200: 2194:5 January 1477 – 27 March 1482: 2189: 2183:5 January 1477 – 27 March 1482: 2178: 2171:5 January 1477 – 27 March 1482: 2166: 2153: 2141: 1225: 1185: 9000:15th-century countesses regnant 6722:. Rowman & Littlefield Co. 6463:Benoît-Jeannin, Maxime (2021). 5862:Library, Boston Public (1895). 5834:. Springer. pp. 102, 103. 5400:. Librairie Droz. p. 153. 5305:. Clarendon Press. p. 41. 4919: 4867: 4821: 4763: 4693: 4656: 4631: 4597: 4563: 4505: 4432: 4405: 4380: 4353: 4319: 4256: 4231: 4197: 4151: 4125: 4098: 4072: 4038: 4004: 3978: 3951: 3917: 3903:. Routledge. pp. 135–150. 3890: 3865: 3825: 3791: 3757: 3731: 3697: 3670: 3624: 3595:"Maximilian I. (emperor)" 3558: 3533: 3494: 3435: 3389: 3352: 3337: 3303: 3222: 3188: 3163: 3129: 3095: 3049: 3013:The Companion Guide to Burgundy 3003: 2979:The Companion Guide to Burgundy 2969: 2935: 2909: 2882:Grössing, Sigrid-Maria (2002). 2875: 2793: 2759: 2732:Knecht, Robert (1 April 2007). 2725: 2700: 2666: 2645:. Amberley Publishing Limited. 2478:Kooi, Christine (9 June 2022). 2393: 2384: 1549:is a 2021 novel about her life. 1425:In the 1994 historical romance 192: 8768:Princess Rosemary of Salm-Salm 6912:5 January 1477 – 27 March 1482 6744:. Metropolitan Museum of Art. 6703:. Cambridge University Press. 6659:. Cambridge University Press. 6341:KW, Redactie (25 April 2019). 6293:Le Spectacle du monde/réalités 5067:Miles, Laura Saetveit (2020). 4926:Unterholzner, Daniela (2015). 4487:Maximilian - Der letzte Ritter 4158:Jansen, S. (17 October 2002). 4051:. Boydell Press. p. 129. 3801:Flanders in Creative Contrasts 2738:. A&C Black. p. 105. 2632: 2598: 2552: 2517: 2471: 2447: 2413: 1469:Maximilian – ein wahrer Ritter 849:In 2019, she was added to the 763:and the showpiece of the 2022 612:Archduke Maximilian of Austria 449:. Later she was approached by 372: 84:5 January 1477 – 27 March 1482 13: 1: 9010:Mothers of Castilian monarchs 8985:Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor 8718:Princess Stéphanie of Belgium 8664:Princess Margaretha of Saxony 8659:Princess Charlotte of Belgium 8627:Princess Hildegard of Bavaria 8621:Princess Maria Anna of Saxony 8382:Duchess Maria Anna of Bavaria 8354:Duchess Maria Anna of Bavaria 7087:Battle of Brouwershaven, 1426 6878:Countess Palatine of Burgundy 6674:Kendall, Paul Murray (1971). 6254:(in German). 1 February 2019. 5562:Van der Heide, Klaas (2019). 5447:10.1080/03044181.2018.1440622 4706:. Routledge. pp. 79–87. 4439:Wiesflecker, Hermann (1991). 4139:(in Flemish). 26 January 2022 3442:Soen, Violet (January 2021). 2565:. Routledge. pp. 43–44. 2527:Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor 2406: 2356:Dukes of Burgundy family tree 2262:Countess Palatine of Burgundy 1629:Ancestors of Mary of Burgundy 620:War of the Spanish Succession 377:Mary of Burgundy was born in 298:that included the duchies of 54: 9005:15th-century dukes in Europe 8795:Princess Margherita of Savoy 8529:Infanta Maria Luisa of Spain 8408:Princess Elisabeth of France 8310:Infanta Isabella of Portugal 7126:War of the Common Weal, 1465 7082:Hook and Cod wars, 1417-1490 6787:The Cambridge Modern History 6364:Triennale de Bruges (2021). 6036:Turner, Christopher (2002). 5642:Jameson (Anna), Mrs (1898). 5503:Martin, John Rupert (1972). 5021:Rady, Martyn (12 May 2020). 3804:. Davidsfonds. p. 132. 3565:Loades, Judith, ed. (1994). 2673:Bret, David (23 July 2014). 1681:Philip III, Duke of Burgundy 1542:), for chamber or orchestra. 1358:George Payne Rainsford James 1285:, a choir book sent to Pope 862:period following her death. 789:Church of Our Lady in Bruges 486:Nicholas I, Duke of Lorraine 7: 9015:Mothers of Leonese monarchs 8980:15th-century women monarchs 8827:Duchess Eilika of Oldenburg 8594:Princess Elisabeth of Savoy 8370:Archduchess Anna of Austria 8315:Anne of Bohemia and Hungary 8242:Mechthild of the Palatinate 7121:Feast of the Pheasant, 1454 6655:Ingrao, Charles W. (2000). 5937:Ladd, Anna Coleman (1912). 5434:Journal of Medieval History 5394:Bergweiler, Ulrike (1976). 4862:Knöll & Oosterwijk 2011 4638:Elwood Waas, Glenn (1941). 4576:. SUNY Press. p. 165. 3170:Lindsay, J.O., ed. (1957). 2918:"Mary, Duchess of Burgundy" 2333: 1740:Charles I, Duke of Burgundy 1620: 1611:Philibert II, Duke of Savoy 1601:, the son and heir of King 1552:In May 2022, a monument in 1374:, a 1912 novel, written by 1283:Alamire manuscript VatS 160 1005:Zweites Deutsches Fernsehen 966:Mary of Burgundy chased by 866:In arts and popular culture 801:Her two-year-old daughter, 597: 413:", whereas her grandmother 341:for her lands, she married 209: 71: 10: 9031: 8832:Princess Astrid of Belgium 8762:Princess Ileana of Romania 8734:Princess Blanca of Bourbon 8616:Princess Sophie of Bavaria 8517:Princess Isabella of Parma 8414:Infanta Maria Ana of Spain 8018:House of Habsburg-Lorraine 7405:Order of the Golden Fleece 7269:Duchy of Bavaria-Straubing 7185:Battle on the Planta, 1475 7170:Burgundian Wars, 1474–1477 7148:Battle of Montenaken, 1465 7040:Crusade of Nicopolis, 1396 6604: 6545:. Routledge. p. 198. 6467:. Namur: Le Cri editions. 5299:Armstrong, Adrian (2000). 4748:, p. 330–339,373–375. 4210:. Duckworth. p. 136. 3832:Ylä-Anttila, Tupu (1970). 3568:Medieval History, Volume 4 3463:10.1484/M.BURG-EB.5.122543 3368:. BRILL. pp. 66, 67. 3176:. CUP Archive. p. 228 1991: 1956:Marie, Duchess of Auvergne 1924:Charles I, Duke of Bourbon 1875: 1860:Mary, Duchess of Burgundy 1749: 1641: 1418:Basilica of the Holy Blood 1247:'s most famous works, the 1061:, and the chivalric novel 869: 853:. The committee headed by 745: 498:Edward IV, King of England 441:, and the majority of the 225:Margaret, Duchess of Savoy 167:Church of Our Lady, Bruges 57:1490) possibly painted by 29: 8845: 8814: 8800:Princess Yolande of Ligne 8782: 8749: 8710: 8691:Princess Isabella of Croÿ 8651: 8608: 8544: 8509: 8493: 8472: 8444: 8400: 8362: 8323: 8302: 8286: 8273:Anne, Duchess of Brittany 8268:Mary, Duchess of Burgundy 8260: 8229: 8222: 8123: 8112: 8081: 8077: 8070:Grand Duchy of Luxembourg 8063: 8016: 7985: 7962: 7939: 7869: 7821: 7810: 7743: 7739: 7725: 7654: 7609: 7586: 7563: 7552: 7477:Elder House of Luxembourg 7475: 7471: 7457: 7377: 7249: 7229:Battle of Westbroek, 1481 7212:Battle of Guinegate, 1479 7175:Battle of Héricourt, 1474 7131:Battle of Montlhéry, 1465 7035:Battle of Roosebeke, 1382 7025: 7014: 6973: 6922: 6844: 6836: 6831: 6796: 6766:Vaughan, Richard (2004). 6718:Taylor, Aline S. (2002). 6170:. Routledge. p. 19. 5793:10.1163/9789004241862_010 5701:Bird, Michael S. (1995). 5537:Karaskova, Olga (2014b). 4546:Stein & Pollmann 2010 4481:Manfred, Corrine (2017). 4244:. R. Bentley. p. 388 3872:Karaskova, Olga (2014a). 3798:Carson, Patricia (1990). 3745:. Niglutsch. p. 1903 3010:Speaight, Robert (1975). 2976:Speaight, Robert (1975). 2372:Hours of Mary of Burgundy 2126: 2062: 2054: 2026: 2003: 1999: 1963: 1941: 1933: 1905: 1883: 1879: 1841: 1819: 1811: 1783: 1761: 1757: 1721: 1698: 1690: 1662: 1645: 1560: 1135:Le naufrage de la Pucelle 935:the new Duke of Burgundy. 759:, monumental painting by 492:(supported by his sister 255: 245: 233: 202: 174: 161: 140: 123: 119: 109: 99: 89: 79: 65: 46: 41: 18:Mary, Duchess of Burgundy 8885:French suo jure nobility 8880:House of Valois-Burgundy 8294:Joanna, Queen of Castile 8125:House of Nassau-Weilburg 7823:House of Valois-Burgundy 7190:Battle of Grandson, 1476 7143:Wars of Liège, 1465-1468 7136:Treaty of Conflans, 1465 7104:Siege of Oudenaarde 1452 7099:Revolt of Ghent, 1449–53 6803:House of Valois-Burgundy 6640:. Taylor & Francis. 6579:. Routledge. p. 5. 6017:. Macmillan. p. 105 5918:(in German). Sauerländer 5912:Hersch, Hermann (1860). 5887:Hersch, Hermann (1853). 5816:Graham & Wintle 2013 5667:Welsh, Jennifer (2016). 5366:. P. Lang. p. 203. 4663:Karaskova, Olga (2014). 4164:. Springer. p. 81. 3108:. Brepols. p. 235. 2942:Lauro, Brigitta (2007). 2530:. F. Watts. p. 22. 2377: 2018:John I, Duke of Burgundy 1654:John I, Duke of Burgundy 1599:Juan, Prince of Asturias 1292:Missa Ave regina celorum 1261:Zlatko, Bishop of Vienna 851:Canon of the Netherlands 748:Tomb of Mary of Burgundy 622:in the years 1701–1714. 507: 399:Louis, Dauphin of France 359:King Philip I of Castile 292:House of Valois-Burgundy 157:, Burgundian Netherlands 136:, Burgundian Netherlands 8679:Princess Anna of Saxony 7180:Siege of Neuss, 1474-75 7158:Treaty of Péronne, 1468 7153:Battle of Brustem, 1467 7092:Siege of Deventer, 1456 7075:Congress of Arras, 1435 6682:. W.W. Norton Co. Inc. 6488:NWS, VRT (8 May 2022). 6011:Bryan, Michael (1904). 5509:. Phaidon. p. 75. 5335:French Studies Bulletin 4874:Barsch, Harald (2003). 4570:Brann, Noel L. (1999). 4263:Haemers, Jelle (2014). 4204:Kidwell, Carol (1989). 3997:Encyclopædia Britannica 3605:Encyclopædia Britannica 3540:Spijkers, J.H. (2014). 3530:, pp. 42 & 64. 3229:Haemers, Jelle (2009). 3136:Haemers, Jelle (2009). 3046:, pp. 22 & 40. 3016:. Collins. p. 24. 2982:. Collins. p. 24. 1898:John I, Duke of Bourbon 1265:The death of the Virgin 1257:Le chappellet des dames 1042:Apotheosis of Charles V 810:Treaty of Arras of 1482 647:Co-rule with Maximilian 439:Free County of Burgundy 381:at the ducal castle of 351:French–Habsburg rivalry 8940:French Roman Catholics 8900:Nobility from Brussels 8757:Princess Zita of Parma 8376:Isabella Clara Eugenia 8343:Infanta Maria of Spain 8083:House of Orange-Nassau 7905:Isabella Clara Eugenia 7259:Margraviate of Antwerp 7241:Treaty of Senlis, 1493 7234:Siege of Utrecht, 1483 7114:Battle of Gavere, 1453 7070:Treaty of Troyes, 1420 7060:Cabochien Revolt, 1413 6634:Hand, Joni M. (2017). 6096:Besson, André (1994). 5645:Legends of the Madonna 5580:10.1484/J.JAF.5.118980 5428:Overlaet, Kim (2018). 5187:10.1556/170.2020.00002 5135:Burger, Glenn (2018). 4518:. BRILL. p. 138. 4366:De Groene Amsterdammer 3960:"Maria van Bourgondië" 3344:de Fouw, Arie (1937). 2136: 1603:Ferdinand II of Aragon 1574: 1507: 1421: 1385:(1791 – 1858): one is 1348: 1333:the Princess of Orange 1125: 1119:Dying Mary of Burgundy 1103:Premier maître d'hôtel 1084: 1045: 1030: 1018: 992: 976: 936: 890: 847: 776: 656: 635: 607: 588:Parliament of Mechelen 517: 482:Charles VIII of France 477: 469: 451:Charles, Duke of Berry 447:Ferdinand II of Aragon 411:it was only for a girl 361:, and their daughter, 290:, was a member of the 283: 275: 7588:House of Hohenstaufen 7217:Treaty of Arras, 1482 7200:Battle of Nancy, 1477 7195:Battle of Morat, 1476 7109:Battle of Bazel, 1452 7045:Battle of Othée, 1408 6367:Triennial Bruges 2021 6222:maximilian2019.tirol/ 6130:Allard, Yvon (1987). 5787:. pp. 174, 188. 5347:10.1093/frebul/ktl036 5218:, pp. 20–36, 48. 5175:Acta Historiae Artium 4604:Baron, Frank (2013). 4360:Kleijn, Koen (2020). 4085:www.geldersarchief.nl 3665:Terjanian et al. 2019 3528:Terjanian et al. 2019 3430:Terjanian et al. 2019 3281:10.3917/rhmc.684.0191 3056:Vossen, Carl (1982). 3044:Terjanian et al. 2019 2426:. BRILL. p. 43. 2366:Duchesse de Bourgogne 2328:Margravine of Antwerp 2134: 1834:Philippa of Lancaster 1607:Isabella I of Castile 1569:Mary's effigy in the 1568: 1547:Maxime Benoît-Jeannin 1534:(1905–1986) composed 1501: 1415: 1363:The German dramatist 1346: 1111: 1082: 1040: 1028: 1013: 990: 964: 933: 920:most well-known story 884: 842: 755: 654: 628: 605: 515: 475: 463: 343:Maximilian of Austria 325:As the only child of 181:Maximilian of Austria 8349:Anna Juliana Gonzaga 7964:House of Wittelsbach 7359:Bishopric of Utrecht 6919:since 19 August 1477 6808:Cadet branch of the 5169:Eörsi, Anna (2020). 4883:. UNESCO. p. 10 4272:. Gent. p. 63. 2524:Grant, Neil (1970). 2273:Countess of Hainault 2240:Countess of Flanders 2218:Duchess of Luxemburg 1802:Isabella of Portugal 1513:Maria Van Bourgondië 1461:as Maximilian I and 1099:Olivier de la Marche 713:Philippe de Commines 415:Isabella of Portugal 296:collection of states 284:Maria van Bourgondië 8955:Counts of Charolais 8920:Dukes of Luxembourg 8805:Laetitia d'Arenberg 8278:Bianca Maria Sforza 8252:Catherine of Saxony 8247:Eleanor of Scotland 8237:Eleanor of Portugal 7464:County of Luxemburg 7339:Duchy of Luxembourg 7289:County of Charolais 6926:Philip the Handsome 6873:Margravine of Namur 6847:Duchess of Burgundy 6529:, p. table 32. 4965:, pp. 409–415. 4953:, pp. 405–408. 4916:, pp. 383–385. 4904:, pp. 265–271. 4690:, pp. 135–150. 4392:Canon van Nederland 2317:Countess of Zutphen 2295:Countess of Zeeland 2284:Countess of Holland 2229:Duchess of Guelders 2173:Duchess of Burgundy 2135:Mary and Maximilian 2077:Margaret of Bavaria 1982:Isabella of Bourbon 1713:Margaret of Bavaria 1585:Philip the Handsome 1545:Miroir de Marie by 1249:Feast of the Rosary 1171:Bergier sans Soulas 1114:Death of the Virgin 1017:by Bernhard Strigel 912:Augustin Lercheimer 908:Alexander the Great 900:Johannes Trithemius 803:Margaret of Austria 773:Elisabeth Kornfeind 553:The Great Privilege 496:), but his brother 395:Georges Chastellain 391:Isabella of Bourbon 357:. Their son became 331:Isabella of Bourbon 260:Isabella of Bourbon 220:Philip the Handsome 67:Duchess of Burgundy 8965:Margraves of Namur 8960:Counts of Burgundy 8925:Counts of Flanders 8392:Claudia de' Medici 7732:Duchy of Luxemburg 7324:Bishopric of Liège 7299:County of Flanders 7284:County of Burgundy 6883:Countess of Artois 6851:Duchess of Brabant 6720:Isabel of Burgundy 6228:on 25 January 2022 6200:"Being Maximilian" 5735:Van der Heide 2019 4977:, p. 413–417. 4818:, p. 418-419. 4806:, p. 396-397. 4760:, p. 394-396. 4388:"Mary of Burgundy" 3362:(1 January 2004). 3142:. Isd. p. 1. 2834:Koenigsberger 2001 2251:Countess of Artois 2207:Duchess of Limburg 2196:Duchess of Brabant 2185:Duchess of Lothier 2137: 1776:John I of Portugal 1609:, and secondly to 1575: 1571:Church of Our Lady 1508: 1487:Secrets d'Histoire 1422: 1349: 1276:Johannes Cuspinian 1126: 1085: 1046: 1031: 1019: 993: 977: 937: 891: 777: 767:exhibition at the 765:Uitbundig Verleden 705:Hooks and the Cods 657: 636: 608: 592:Parlement of Paris 547:Sire d'Humbercourt 518: 478: 470: 355:Holy Roman Emperor 310:, the counties of 276:Marie de Bourgogne 8995:Duchesses regnant 8950:Counts of Holland 8945:Counts of Hainaut 8935:French countesses 8915:Dukes of Guelders 8905:Dukes of Burgundy 8862: 8861: 8337:Mary I of England 8182: 8181: 8178: 8177: 8174: 8173: 8059: 8058: 8055: 8054: 8048: 8040: 8032: 8009: 8001: 7987:House of Habsburg 7978: 7955: 7932: 7924: 7916: 7909: 7901: 7893: 7885: 7871:House of Habsburg 7862: 7853: 7845: 7837: 7805: 7797: 7786: 7775: 7767: 7759: 7721: 7720: 7717: 7716: 7710: 7702: 7694: 7686: 7678: 7670: 7647: 7639: 7628: 7602: 7579: 7547: 7539: 7531: 7523: 7515: 7507: 7499: 7491: 7413: 7412: 7390:Burgundian School 7385:Cross of Burgundy 7369:County of Zutphen 7364:County of Zeeland 7319:County of Holland 7314:County of Hainaut 7309:Duchy of Guelders 7279:Duchy of Burgundy 6993:John the Fearless 6932: 6931: 6923:Succeeded by 6798:Mary of Burgundy 6770:. Boydell Press. 6751:978-1-58839-674-7 6647:978-1-351-53653-0 6586:978-1-000-00840-1 6552:978-0-429-61418-7 6442:978-90-77717-03-5 6345:(in Dutch). KW.be 6177:978-1-317-14680-3 6143:978-2-89133-078-7 6109:978-2-7233-0480-1 6049:978-1-84306-032-1 5841:978-1-349-17604-5 5760:978-1-107-15046-1 5737:, pp. 63–65. 5714:978-0-8191-9555-5 5516:978-0-7148-1433-9 5482:978-90-209-7242-9 5241:978-1-4438-4428-4 5148:978-0-8122-4960-6 5114:978-0-8386-3540-7 5080:978-1-84384-534-8 5057:, pp. 20–36. 5034:978-0-14-198719-4 5000:978-0-521-78573-0 4841:978-1-4426-6139-4 4783:978-1-4438-7922-4 4713:978-1-351-87226-3 4525:978-90-04-18024-6 4452:978-3-486-55875-3 4339:978-1-4438-4428-4 4217:978-0-7156-2510-1 4171:978-0-230-60211-3 4058:978-1-84383-191-4 4024:978-1-4456-0968-3 3937:978-1-872501-87-1 3930:. Harvey Miller. 3910:978-1-351-15846-6 3811:978-90-6152-545-5 3777:978-0-674-05562-9 3717:978-0-521-81431-7 3690:978-0-300-17807-4 3644:978-0-8122-1382-9 3514:978-0-14-196048-7 3472:978-2-503-58808-7 3409:978-94-015-3864-0 3375:978-90-04-13850-6 3360:Sicking, L. H. J. 3323:978-0-85115-918-8 3274:(68–4): 189–191. 3242:978-2-503-52986-8 3208:978-1-4516-8857-3 3149:978-2-503-52986-8 3115:978-2-503-52984-4 3069:978-3-512-00636-4 3023:978-0-00-216104-6 2989:978-0-00-216104-6 2955:978-3-85498-433-7 2895:978-3-85002-485-3 2836:, pp. 49–51. 2813:978-0-7876-4069-9 2779:978-1-4426-6324-4 2745:978-1-85285-522-2 2686:978-1-291-95954-3 2652:978-1-4456-1298-0 2618:978-1-4039-8820-1 2572:978-1-317-88433-0 2537:978-0-531-00937-6 2491:978-1-316-51352-1 2433:978-90-04-40859-3 2306:Countess of Namur 2123: 2122: 2119: 2118: 2045:Agnes of Burgundy 1589:Joanna of Castile 1532:Daniel Sternefeld 1490:and presented by 1455:Andreas Prochaska 1398:equestrian statue 1376:Anna Coleman Ladd 1337:Nicaise de Keyser 1204:Peter Paul Rubens 1001:Der letzte Ritter 827:Holy Roman Empire 783:was organised by 781:Wijnendale Castle 769:Hof van Busleyden 616:House of Habsburg 502:Anthony Woodville 464:Flanders, double 435:Duchy of Burgundy 347:Duchy of Burgundy 265: 264: 151:Wijnendale Castle 16:(Redirected from 9022: 8930:Counts of Artois 8910:Dukes of Brabant 8426:Eleonora Gonzaga 8387:Eleonora Gonzaga 8209: 8202: 8195: 8186: 8185: 8118: 8079: 8078: 8065: 8064: 8046: 8038: 8030: 8007: 7999: 7976: 7953: 7941:House of Bourbon 7930: 7922: 7914: 7907: 7899: 7891: 7883: 7860: 7851: 7843: 7835: 7816: 7803: 7792: 7781: 7773: 7765: 7757: 7745:House of Limburg 7741: 7740: 7727: 7726: 7708: 7700: 7692: 7684: 7676: 7668: 7656:House of Limburg 7645: 7634: 7623: 7600: 7577: 7558: 7545: 7537: 7529: 7521: 7513: 7505: 7497: 7489: 7473: 7472: 7459: 7458: 7440: 7433: 7426: 7417: 7416: 7349:County of Nevers 7334:Duchy of Lothier 7329:Duchy of Limburg 7274:Duchy of Brabant 7264:County of Artois 7020: 7003:Charles the Bold 6967: 6958: 6951: 6944: 6935: 6934: 6840:Charles the Bold 6837:Preceded by 6827: 6820: 6819:13 February 1457 6794: 6793: 6790: 6781: 6762: 6760: 6758: 6733: 6714: 6693: 6681: 6670: 6651: 6630: 6598: 6597: 6595: 6593: 6570: 6564: 6563: 6561: 6559: 6536: 6530: 6524: 6518: 6512: 6506: 6505: 6503: 6501: 6485: 6479: 6478: 6460: 6454: 6453: 6451: 6449: 6426: 6420: 6414: 6408: 6407: 6405: 6403: 6389: 6383: 6382: 6380: 6378: 6372: 6361: 6355: 6354: 6352: 6350: 6338: 6332: 6331: 6329: 6327: 6312: 6306: 6305: 6303: 6301: 6288: 6282: 6281: 6279: 6277: 6262: 6256: 6255: 6244: 6238: 6237: 6235: 6233: 6224:. 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1167:Charles the Bold 822:Treaty of Senlis 742:Death and legacy 666:Philip of Cleves 494:Margaret of York 431:heir presumptive 425:Heir presumptive 387:Charles the Bold 367:Duchess of Savoy 327:Charles the Bold 268:Mary of Burgundy 250:Charles the Bold 213: 196: 194: 147: 127:13 February 1457 85: 56: 51: 39: 38: 21: 9030: 9029: 9025: 9024: 9023: 9021: 9020: 9019: 8865: 8864: 8863: 8858: 8841: 8815:18th generation 8810: 8783:17th generation 8778: 8750:16th generation 8745: 8711:15th generation 8706: 8652:14th generation 8647: 8609:13th generation 8604: 8545:12th generation 8540: 8510:11th generation 8505: 8494:10th generation 8489: 8468: 8440: 8431:Anna de' Medici 8396: 8358: 8319: 8298: 8282: 8256: 8225: 8218: 8213: 8183: 8170: 8127: 8119: 8110: 8085: 8073: 8051: 8020: 8012: 7989: 7981: 7966: 7958: 7943: 7935: 7873: 7865: 7825: 7817: 7808: 7747: 7735: 7713: 7658: 7650: 7613: 7605: 7590: 7582: 7567: 7559: 7550: 7479: 7467: 7453: 7444: 7414: 7409: 7400:Estates-General 7395:Great Privilege 7373: 7354:Duchy of Rethel 7344:County of Namur 7304:Frisian freedom 7245: 7021: 7012: 6998:Philip the Good 6988:Philip the Bold 6969: 6966:Valois Burgundy 6965: 6962: 6928: 6913: 6911: 6890: 6881: 6876: 6871: 6858: 6842: 6821: 6815: 6814: 6811:House of Valois 6806: 6799: 6778: 6756: 6754: 6752: 6730: 6711: 6690: 6667: 6648: 6627: 6607: 6602: 6601: 6591: 6589: 6587: 6571: 6567: 6557: 6555: 6553: 6537: 6533: 6525: 6521: 6513: 6509: 6499: 6497: 6486: 6482: 6475: 6461: 6457: 6447: 6445: 6443: 6427: 6423: 6415: 6411: 6401: 6399: 6391: 6390: 6386: 6376: 6374: 6370: 6362: 6358: 6348: 6346: 6339: 6335: 6325: 6323: 6320:Ville de Beaune 6314: 6313: 6309: 6299: 6297: 6290: 6289: 6285: 6275: 6273: 6264: 6263: 6259: 6246: 6245: 6241: 6231: 6229: 6216: 6215: 6211: 6204:Drama Quarterly 6196: 6192: 6182: 6180: 6178: 6162: 6158: 6148: 6146: 6144: 6128: 6124: 6114: 6112: 6110: 6094: 6090: 6080: 6078: 6069: 6068: 6064: 6054: 6052: 6050: 6034: 6030: 6020: 6018: 6009: 6005: 5995: 5993: 5984: 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4902:Karaskova 2014a 4900: 4896: 4886: 4884: 4880: 4872: 4868: 4860: 4856: 4846: 4844: 4842: 4826: 4822: 4816:Karaskova 2014a 4814: 4810: 4804:Karaskova 2014a 4802: 4798: 4788: 4786: 4784: 4768: 4764: 4758:Karaskova 2014a 4756: 4752: 4746:Karaskova 2014a 4744: 4740: 4734:Karaskova 2014a 4732: 4728: 4718: 4716: 4714: 4698: 4694: 4686: 4682: 4672: 4670: 4661: 4657: 4647: 4645: 4636: 4632: 4622: 4620: 4618: 4602: 4598: 4588: 4586: 4584: 4568: 4564: 4556: 4552: 4544: 4540: 4530: 4528: 4526: 4510: 4506: 4496: 4494: 4479: 4472: 4462: 4460: 4453: 4437: 4433: 4423: 4421: 4410: 4406: 4396: 4394: 4386: 4385: 4381: 4371: 4369: 4358: 4354: 4344: 4342: 4340: 4324: 4320: 4312: 4308: 4292: 4291: 4284: 4282: 4280: 4269: 4261: 4257: 4247: 4245: 4236: 4232: 4222: 4220: 4218: 4202: 4198: 4190: 4186: 4176: 4174: 4172: 4156: 4152: 4142: 4140: 4131: 4130: 4126: 4116: 4114: 4103: 4099: 4089: 4087: 4077: 4073: 4063: 4061: 4059: 4043: 4039: 4029: 4027: 4025: 4009: 4005: 3983: 3979: 3969: 3967: 3956: 3952: 3942: 3940: 3938: 3922: 3918: 3911: 3895: 3891: 3881: 3879: 3870: 3866: 3858: 3854: 3844: 3842: 3838: 3830: 3826: 3816: 3814: 3812: 3796: 3792: 3782: 3780: 3778: 3767:The Middle Ages 3762: 3758: 3748: 3746: 3736: 3732: 3722: 3720: 3718: 3702: 3698: 3691: 3675: 3671: 3663: 3659: 3649: 3647: 3645: 3629: 3625: 3617: 3613: 3590: 3586: 3579: 3563: 3559: 3549: 3547: 3538: 3534: 3526: 3522: 3515: 3499: 3495: 3485: 3483: 3473: 3446: 3440: 3436: 3428: 3424: 3414: 3412: 3410: 3394: 3390: 3380: 3378: 3376: 3357: 3353: 3342: 3338: 3328: 3326: 3324: 3308: 3304: 3294: 3292: 3264: 3257: 3247: 3245: 3243: 3227: 3223: 3213: 3211: 3209: 3193: 3189: 3179: 3177: 3168: 3164: 3154: 3152: 3150: 3134: 3130: 3120: 3118: 3116: 3100: 3096: 3088: 3084: 3074: 3072: 3070: 3054: 3050: 3042: 3038: 3028: 3026: 3024: 3008: 3004: 2994: 2992: 2990: 2974: 2970: 2960: 2958: 2956: 2940: 2936: 2926: 2924: 2914: 2910: 2900: 2898: 2896: 2880: 2876: 2868: 2864: 2856: 2852: 2844: 2840: 2832: 2828: 2818: 2816: 2814: 2798: 2794: 2784: 2782: 2780: 2764: 2760: 2750: 2748: 2746: 2730: 2726: 2716: 2714: 2705: 2701: 2691: 2689: 2687: 2671: 2667: 2657: 2655: 2653: 2637: 2633: 2623: 2621: 2619: 2603: 2599: 2591: 2587: 2577: 2575: 2573: 2557: 2553: 2542: 2540: 2538: 2522: 2518: 2510: 2506: 2496: 2494: 2492: 2476: 2472: 2462: 2460: 2453: 2452: 2448: 2438: 2436: 2434: 2418: 2414: 2409: 2404: 2403: 2398: 2394: 2389: 2385: 2380: 2346: 2341: 2339: 2336: 2161: 2160:Arms after 1477 2158: 2149: 2146: 2129: 2124: 1623: 1563: 1402:Flandria Nostra 1323:, the painters 1305: 1253:Philip the Fair 1240: 1239: 1238: 1237: 1236: 1232: 1230: 1222: 1221: 1216:Cornelis de Vos 1215: 1209: 1203: 1196: 1192: 1190: 1163:Philip the Good 879: 874: 868: 750: 744: 732:Gelders Archief 670:Adolf of Cleves 649: 600: 559:Great Privilege 555: 510: 427: 407:Philip the Good 375: 335:Battle of Nancy 240:Valois-Burgundy 229: 207: 206: 198: 195: 1477) 190: 186: 183: 170: 149: 145: 128: 83: 75: 61: 35: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 9028: 9018: 9017: 9012: 9007: 9002: 8997: 8992: 8987: 8982: 8977: 8972: 8967: 8962: 8957: 8952: 8947: 8942: 8937: 8932: 8927: 8922: 8917: 8912: 8907: 8902: 8897: 8892: 8887: 8882: 8877: 8860: 8859: 8846: 8843: 8842: 8840: 8839: 8834: 8829: 8824: 8818: 8816: 8812: 8811: 8809: 8808: 8802: 8797: 8792: 8786: 8784: 8780: 8779: 8777: 8776: 8771: 8765: 8759: 8753: 8751: 8747: 8746: 8744: 8743: 8737: 8731: 8725: 8720: 8714: 8712: 8708: 8707: 8705: 8704: 8699: 8693: 8688: 8682: 8676: 8671: 8666: 8661: 8655: 8653: 8649: 8648: 8646: 8645: 8640: 8635: 8629: 8624: 8618: 8612: 8610: 8606: 8605: 8603: 8602: 8597: 8591: 8585: 8579: 8573: 8567: 8561: 8555: 8548: 8546: 8542: 8541: 8539: 8538: 8532: 8526: 8520: 8513: 8511: 8507: 8506: 8504: 8503: 8497: 8495: 8491: 8490: 8488: 8487: 8482: 8476: 8474: 8473:9th generation 8470: 8469: 8467: 8466: 8461: 8455: 8448: 8446: 8445:8th generation 8442: 8441: 8439: 8438: 8433: 8428: 8423: 8417: 8411: 8404: 8402: 8401:7th generation 8398: 8397: 8395: 8394: 8389: 8384: 8379: 8373: 8366: 8364: 8363:6th generation 8360: 8359: 8357: 8356: 8351: 8346: 8340: 8334: 8327: 8325: 8324:5th generation 8321: 8320: 8318: 8317: 8312: 8306: 8304: 8303:4th generation 8300: 8299: 8297: 8296: 8290: 8288: 8287:3rd generation 8284: 8283: 8281: 8280: 8275: 8270: 8264: 8262: 8261:2nd generation 8258: 8257: 8255: 8254: 8249: 8244: 8239: 8233: 8231: 8230:1st generation 8227: 8226: 8223: 8220: 8219: 8212: 8211: 8204: 8197: 8189: 8180: 8179: 8176: 8175: 8172: 8171: 8169: 8168: 8162: 8156: 8150: 8147:Marie-Adélaïde 8144: 8138: 8131: 8129: 8128:(1890–present) 8121: 8120: 8113: 8111: 8109: 8108: 8102: 8096: 8089: 8087: 8075: 8074: 8061: 8060: 8057: 8056: 8053: 8052: 8050: 8049: 8041: 8033: 8024: 8022: 8014: 8013: 8011: 8010: 8002: 7993: 7991: 7983: 7982: 7980: 7979: 7970: 7968: 7960: 7959: 7957: 7956: 7947: 7945: 7937: 7936: 7934: 7933: 7925: 7917: 7902: 7894: 7886: 7877: 7875: 7867: 7866: 7864: 7863: 7855: 7846: 7838: 7829: 7827: 7819: 7818: 7811: 7809: 7807: 7806: 7798: 7787: 7776: 7768: 7760: 7751: 7749: 7737: 7736: 7723: 7722: 7719: 7718: 7715: 7714: 7712: 7711: 7703: 7695: 7687: 7679: 7671: 7662: 7660: 7652: 7651: 7649: 7648: 7640: 7629: 7617: 7615: 7611:House of Namur 7607: 7606: 7604: 7603: 7594: 7592: 7584: 7583: 7581: 7580: 7571: 7569: 7565:House of Namur 7561: 7560: 7553: 7551: 7549: 7548: 7540: 7532: 7524: 7516: 7508: 7500: 7492: 7483: 7481: 7469: 7468: 7455: 7454: 7443: 7442: 7435: 7428: 7420: 7411: 7410: 7408: 7407: 7402: 7397: 7392: 7387: 7381: 7379: 7375: 7374: 7372: 7371: 7366: 7361: 7356: 7351: 7346: 7341: 7336: 7331: 7326: 7321: 7316: 7311: 7306: 7301: 7296: 7291: 7286: 7281: 7276: 7271: 7266: 7261: 7255: 7253: 7247: 7246: 7244: 7243: 7238: 7237: 7236: 7231: 7221: 7220: 7219: 7214: 7204: 7203: 7202: 7197: 7192: 7187: 7182: 7177: 7167: 7162: 7161: 7160: 7155: 7150: 7140: 7139: 7138: 7133: 7123: 7118: 7117: 7116: 7111: 7106: 7096: 7095: 7094: 7089: 7079: 7078: 7077: 7072: 7067: 7062: 7057: 7047: 7042: 7037: 7031: 7029: 7023: 7022: 7015: 7013: 7011: 7010: 7005: 7000: 6995: 6990: 6985: 6979: 6977: 6971: 6970: 6961: 6960: 6953: 6946: 6938: 6930: 6929: 6924: 6921: 6843: 6838: 6834: 6833: 6832:Regnal titles 6829: 6828: 6807: 6800: 6797: 6792: 6791: 6782: 6777:978-0851159188 6776: 6763: 6750: 6734: 6729:978-1568332277 6728: 6715: 6710:978-0521803304 6709: 6694: 6689:978-0393302608 6688: 6671: 6666:978-1108499255 6665: 6652: 6646: 6631: 6626:978-0521045414 6625: 6606: 6603: 6600: 6599: 6585: 6565: 6551: 6531: 6519: 6507: 6480: 6473: 6455: 6441: 6421: 6409: 6384: 6356: 6333: 6307: 6283: 6270:FranceTvPro.fr 6257: 6239: 6209: 6190: 6176: 6156: 6142: 6122: 6108: 6088: 6062: 6048: 6028: 6003: 5978: 5954: 5929: 5904: 5879: 5854: 5840: 5820: 5818:, p. 188. 5808: 5801: 5773: 5759: 5739: 5727: 5713: 5693: 5679: 5659: 5634: 5620: 5600: 5574:(1–2): 47–70. 5554: 5529: 5515: 5495: 5481: 5461: 5440:(2): 231–249. 5420: 5406: 5386: 5372: 5352: 5325: 5311: 5291: 5266: 5264:, p. 346. 5254: 5240: 5220: 5208: 5161: 5147: 5127: 5113: 5093: 5079: 5059: 5047: 5033: 5013: 4999: 4979: 4967: 4955: 4943: 4918: 4906: 4894: 4866: 4864:, p. 150. 4854: 4840: 4820: 4808: 4796: 4782: 4762: 4750: 4738: 4736:, p. 216. 4726: 4712: 4692: 4680: 4655: 4630: 4616: 4596: 4582: 4562: 4560:, p. 255. 4558:Karaskova 2014 4550: 4548:, p. 139. 4538: 4524: 4504: 4470: 4451: 4431: 4404: 4379: 4352: 4338: 4318: 4316:, p. 207. 4306: 4278: 4255: 4230: 4216: 4196: 4184: 4170: 4150: 4137:Het Nieuwsblad 4124: 4111:Het Nieuwsblad 4097: 4071: 4057: 4037: 4023: 4003: 3988:, ed. (1911). 3986:Chisholm, Hugh 3977: 3950: 3936: 3916: 3909: 3889: 3864: 3862:, p. 138. 3852: 3824: 3810: 3790: 3776: 3756: 3730: 3716: 3696: 3689: 3669: 3657: 3643: 3623: 3611: 3600:Chisholm, Hugh 3584: 3577: 3557: 3532: 3520: 3513: 3493: 3471: 3453:. Burgundica. 3434: 3422: 3408: 3388: 3374: 3351: 3336: 3322: 3302: 3255: 3241: 3221: 3207: 3187: 3162: 3148: 3128: 3114: 3094: 3092:, p. 104. 3082: 3068: 3048: 3036: 3022: 3002: 2988: 2968: 2954: 2934: 2908: 2894: 2874: 2862: 2860:, p. 228. 2858:Armstrong 1957 2850: 2848:, p. 319. 2838: 2826: 2812: 2792: 2778: 2758: 2744: 2724: 2699: 2685: 2665: 2651: 2631: 2617: 2597: 2585: 2571: 2551: 2536: 2516: 2514:, p. 127. 2504: 2490: 2470: 2446: 2432: 2411: 2410: 2408: 2405: 2402: 2401: 2392: 2382: 2381: 2379: 2376: 2375: 2374: 2369: 2363: 2358: 2352: 2351: 2335: 2332: 2331: 2330: 2319: 2308: 2297: 2286: 2275: 2264: 2253: 2242: 2231: 2220: 2209: 2198: 2187: 2176: 2163: 2162: 2159: 2152: 2150: 2147: 2140: 2128: 2125: 2121: 2120: 2117: 2116: 2114: 2112: 2110: 2108: 2106: 2104: 2102: 2100: 2098: 2096: 2094: 2092: 2090: 2087: 2086: 2084: 2081: 2080: 2073: 2070: 2069: 2066: 2065: 2063: 2061: 2059: 2056: 2055: 2053: 2050: 2049: 2047: 2041: 2038: 2037: 2034: 2033: 2031: 2028: 2027: 2025: 2022: 2021: 2014: 2011: 2010: 2007: 2006: 2004: 2002: 2000: 1998: 1996: 1993: 1992: 1990: 1987: 1986: 1984: 1978: 1975: 1974: 1971: 1970: 1968: 1965: 1964: 1962: 1959: 1958: 1952: 1949: 1948: 1945: 1944: 1942: 1940: 1938: 1935: 1934: 1932: 1929: 1928: 1926: 1920: 1917: 1916: 1913: 1912: 1910: 1907: 1906: 1904: 1901: 1900: 1894: 1891: 1890: 1887: 1886: 1884: 1882: 1880: 1878: 1876: 1874: 1872: 1869: 1868: 1865: 1864: 1862: 1856: 1853: 1852: 1849: 1848: 1846: 1843: 1842: 1840: 1837: 1836: 1830: 1827: 1826: 1823: 1822: 1820: 1818: 1816: 1813: 1812: 1810: 1807: 1806: 1804: 1798: 1795: 1794: 1791: 1790: 1788: 1785: 1784: 1782: 1779: 1778: 1772: 1769: 1768: 1765: 1764: 1762: 1760: 1758: 1756: 1754: 1751: 1750: 1748: 1745: 1744: 1742: 1736: 1733: 1732: 1729: 1728: 1726: 1723: 1722: 1720: 1717: 1716: 1709: 1706: 1705: 1702: 1701: 1699: 1697: 1695: 1692: 1691: 1689: 1686: 1685: 1683: 1677: 1674: 1673: 1670: 1669: 1667: 1664: 1663: 1661: 1658: 1657: 1650: 1648: 1646: 1644: 1642: 1640: 1638: 1631: 1630: 1624: 1622: 1619: 1618: 1617: 1614: 1592: 1562: 1559: 1558: 1557: 1550: 1543: 1529: 1520: 1496: 1495: 1472: 1466: 1463:Christa Théret 1438: 1410: 1409: 1400:of Mary named 1394: 1379: 1368: 1365:Hermann Hersch 1361: 1341: 1340: 1317: 1304: 1301: 1300: 1299: 1279: 1268: 1245:Albrecht Dürer 1231: 1224: 1223: 1210:Jacob Jordaens 1191: 1184: 1183: 1182: 1181: 1180: 1175: 1174: 1159:Jean Wauquelin 1123:Albrecht Dürer 1094: 1093: 1073: 1072: 928: 927: 878: 875: 867: 864: 743: 740: 679:to the crown. 648: 645: 599: 596: 554: 551: 509: 506: 426: 423: 403:Marie of Anjou 374: 371: 263: 262: 257: 253: 252: 247: 243: 242: 237: 231: 230: 228: 227: 222: 216: 214: 200: 199: 188: 184: 179: 178: 176: 172: 171: 165: 163: 159: 158: 148:(aged 25) 142: 138: 137: 125: 121: 120: 117: 116: 111: 107: 106: 101: 97: 96: 91: 87: 86: 81: 77: 76: 69: 63: 62: 59:Michael Pacher 52: 44: 43: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 9027: 9016: 9013: 9011: 9008: 9006: 9003: 9001: 8998: 8996: 8993: 8991: 8988: 8986: 8983: 8981: 8978: 8976: 8973: 8971: 8968: 8966: 8963: 8961: 8958: 8956: 8953: 8951: 8948: 8946: 8943: 8941: 8938: 8936: 8933: 8931: 8928: 8926: 8923: 8921: 8918: 8916: 8913: 8911: 8908: 8906: 8903: 8901: 8898: 8896: 8893: 8891: 8888: 8886: 8883: 8881: 8878: 8876: 8873: 8872: 8870: 8857: 8853: 8849: 8844: 8838: 8835: 8833: 8830: 8828: 8825: 8823: 8820: 8819: 8817: 8813: 8806: 8803: 8801: 8798: 8796: 8793: 8791: 8788: 8787: 8785: 8781: 8775: 8772: 8769: 8766: 8763: 8760: 8758: 8755: 8754: 8752: 8748: 8741: 8738: 8735: 8732: 8729: 8726: 8724: 8721: 8719: 8716: 8715: 8713: 8709: 8703: 8700: 8697: 8694: 8692: 8689: 8686: 8683: 8680: 8677: 8675: 8672: 8670: 8667: 8665: 8662: 8660: 8657: 8656: 8654: 8650: 8644: 8641: 8639: 8636: 8633: 8630: 8628: 8625: 8622: 8619: 8617: 8614: 8613: 8611: 8607: 8601: 8598: 8595: 8592: 8589: 8586: 8583: 8580: 8577: 8574: 8571: 8568: 8565: 8562: 8559: 8556: 8553: 8550: 8549: 8547: 8543: 8536: 8533: 8530: 8527: 8524: 8521: 8518: 8515: 8514: 8512: 8508: 8502: 8499: 8498: 8496: 8492: 8486: 8483: 8481: 8478: 8477: 8475: 8471: 8465: 8462: 8459: 8456: 8453: 8450: 8449: 8447: 8443: 8437: 8434: 8432: 8429: 8427: 8424: 8421: 8418: 8415: 8412: 8409: 8406: 8405: 8403: 8399: 8393: 8390: 8388: 8385: 8383: 8380: 8377: 8374: 8371: 8368: 8367: 8365: 8361: 8355: 8352: 8350: 8347: 8344: 8341: 8338: 8335: 8332: 8329: 8328: 8326: 8322: 8316: 8313: 8311: 8308: 8307: 8305: 8301: 8295: 8292: 8291: 8289: 8285: 8279: 8276: 8274: 8271: 8269: 8266: 8265: 8263: 8259: 8253: 8250: 8248: 8245: 8243: 8240: 8238: 8235: 8234: 8232: 8228: 8221: 8217: 8210: 8205: 8203: 8198: 8196: 8191: 8190: 8187: 8166: 8163: 8160: 8157: 8154: 8151: 8148: 8145: 8142: 8139: 8136: 8133: 8132: 8130: 8126: 8122: 8117: 8106: 8103: 8100: 8097: 8094: 8091: 8090: 8088: 8084: 8080: 8076: 8071: 8066: 8062: 8045: 8042: 8037: 8034: 8029: 8026: 8025: 8023: 8019: 8015: 8006: 8003: 7998: 7995: 7994: 7992: 7988: 7984: 7975: 7974:Maximilian II 7972: 7971: 7969: 7965: 7961: 7952: 7949: 7948: 7946: 7942: 7938: 7929: 7926: 7921: 7918: 7913: 7906: 7903: 7898: 7895: 7890: 7887: 7882: 7879: 7878: 7876: 7872: 7868: 7859: 7856: 7850: 7847: 7842: 7839: 7834: 7831: 7830: 7828: 7824: 7820: 7815: 7802: 7799: 7796: 7793:(1411–1415), 7791: 7788: 7785: 7780: 7777: 7772: 7769: 7764: 7763:Wenceslaus II 7761: 7756: 7753: 7752: 7750: 7746: 7742: 7738: 7733: 7728: 7724: 7707: 7704: 7699: 7696: 7691: 7688: 7683: 7680: 7675: 7672: 7667: 7664: 7663: 7661: 7657: 7653: 7644: 7641: 7638: 7635:(1197–1214), 7633: 7630: 7627: 7624:(1197–1247), 7622: 7619: 7618: 7616: 7612: 7608: 7599: 7596: 7595: 7593: 7589: 7585: 7576: 7573: 7572: 7570: 7566: 7562: 7557: 7544: 7541: 7536: 7533: 7528: 7525: 7520: 7517: 7512: 7509: 7504: 7501: 7496: 7493: 7488: 7485: 7484: 7482: 7478: 7474: 7470: 7465: 7460: 7456: 7452: 7448: 7441: 7436: 7434: 7429: 7427: 7422: 7421: 7418: 7406: 7403: 7401: 7398: 7396: 7393: 7391: 7388: 7386: 7383: 7382: 7380: 7376: 7370: 7367: 7365: 7362: 7360: 7357: 7355: 7352: 7350: 7347: 7345: 7342: 7340: 7337: 7335: 7332: 7330: 7327: 7325: 7322: 7320: 7317: 7315: 7312: 7310: 7307: 7305: 7302: 7300: 7297: 7295: 7292: 7290: 7287: 7285: 7282: 7280: 7277: 7275: 7272: 7270: 7267: 7265: 7262: 7260: 7257: 7256: 7254: 7252: 7248: 7242: 7239: 7235: 7232: 7230: 7227: 7226: 7225: 7222: 7218: 7215: 7213: 7210: 7209: 7208: 7205: 7201: 7198: 7196: 7193: 7191: 7188: 7186: 7183: 7181: 7178: 7176: 7173: 7172: 7171: 7168: 7166: 7163: 7159: 7156: 7154: 7151: 7149: 7146: 7145: 7144: 7141: 7137: 7134: 7132: 7129: 7128: 7127: 7124: 7122: 7119: 7115: 7112: 7110: 7107: 7105: 7102: 7101: 7100: 7097: 7093: 7090: 7088: 7085: 7084: 7083: 7080: 7076: 7073: 7071: 7068: 7066: 7063: 7061: 7058: 7056: 7053: 7052: 7051: 7048: 7046: 7043: 7041: 7038: 7036: 7033: 7032: 7030: 7028: 7024: 7019: 7009: 7008:Mary the Rich 7006: 7004: 7001: 6999: 6996: 6994: 6991: 6989: 6986: 6984: 6981: 6980: 6978: 6976: 6972: 6968: 6959: 6954: 6952: 6947: 6945: 6940: 6939: 6936: 6927: 6920: 6918: 6910: 6909: 6905: 6901: 6897: 6893: 6888: 6884: 6879: 6874: 6869: 6865: 6861: 6856: 6852: 6848: 6841: 6835: 6830: 6826:27 March 1482 6825: 6818: 6813: 6812: 6805: 6804: 6795: 6788: 6783: 6779: 6773: 6769: 6764: 6753: 6747: 6743: 6742: 6735: 6731: 6725: 6721: 6716: 6712: 6706: 6702: 6701: 6695: 6691: 6685: 6680: 6679: 6672: 6668: 6662: 6658: 6653: 6649: 6643: 6639: 6638: 6632: 6628: 6622: 6618: 6614: 6609: 6608: 6588: 6582: 6578: 6577: 6569: 6554: 6548: 6544: 6543: 6535: 6528: 6523: 6516: 6511: 6495: 6491: 6484: 6476: 6474:9782871067399 6470: 6466: 6459: 6444: 6438: 6434: 6433: 6425: 6419:, p. 41. 6418: 6413: 6398: 6394: 6393:"JamzJamezon" 6388: 6369: 6368: 6360: 6344: 6337: 6321: 6317: 6311: 6295: 6294: 6287: 6271: 6267: 6261: 6253: 6249: 6243: 6227: 6223: 6219: 6213: 6205: 6201: 6194: 6179: 6173: 6169: 6168: 6160: 6145: 6139: 6135: 6134: 6126: 6111: 6105: 6101: 6100: 6092: 6076: 6072: 6066: 6051: 6045: 6041: 6040: 6032: 6016: 6015: 6007: 5991: 5990: 5982: 5966: 5965: 5958: 5942: 5941: 5933: 5917: 5916: 5908: 5892: 5891: 5883: 5868:. p. 182 5867: 5866: 5858: 5843: 5837: 5833: 5832: 5824: 5817: 5812: 5804: 5802:9789004241862 5798: 5794: 5790: 5786: 5785: 5777: 5762: 5756: 5752: 5751: 5743: 5736: 5731: 5716: 5710: 5706: 5705: 5697: 5682: 5680:9781134997800 5676: 5672: 5671: 5663: 5647: 5646: 5638: 5623: 5621:9781786564986 5617: 5613: 5612: 5604: 5589: 5585: 5581: 5577: 5573: 5569: 5565: 5558: 5542: 5541: 5533: 5518: 5512: 5508: 5507: 5499: 5484: 5478: 5474: 5473: 5465: 5457: 5453: 5448: 5443: 5439: 5435: 5431: 5424: 5409: 5407:9782600038584 5403: 5399: 5398: 5390: 5375: 5373:9780820477145 5369: 5365: 5364: 5356: 5348: 5344: 5340: 5336: 5329: 5314: 5312:9780198159896 5308: 5304: 5303: 5295: 5279: 5278: 5270: 5263: 5258: 5243: 5237: 5233: 5232: 5224: 5217: 5212: 5196: 5192: 5188: 5184: 5180: 5176: 5172: 5165: 5150: 5144: 5140: 5139: 5131: 5116: 5110: 5106: 5105: 5097: 5082: 5076: 5072: 5071: 5063: 5056: 5051: 5036: 5030: 5026: 5025: 5017: 5002: 4996: 4992: 4991: 4983: 4976: 4971: 4964: 4959: 4952: 4947: 4931: 4930: 4922: 4915: 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1439: 1436: 1435:raison d'État 1432: 1428: 1424: 1423: 1419: 1414: 1407: 1403: 1399: 1395: 1392: 1388: 1384: 1380: 1377: 1373: 1369: 1366: 1362: 1359: 1355: 1351: 1350: 1345: 1338: 1334: 1330: 1326: 1322: 1318: 1315: 1311: 1307: 1306: 1297: 1296:Jacob Obrecht 1293: 1288: 1284: 1280: 1277: 1273: 1269: 1266: 1262: 1258: 1254: 1250: 1246: 1242: 1241: 1228: 1218: 1212: 1206: 1200: 1199: 1188: 1179: 1172: 1168: 1164: 1160: 1156: 1152: 1148: 1144: 1140: 1136: 1132: 1128: 1127: 1124: 1120: 1116: 1115: 1110: 1106: 1104: 1100: 1091: 1087: 1086: 1081: 1077: 1070: 1066: 1065: 1060: 1059: 1054: 1053: 1048: 1047: 1043: 1039: 1035: 1027: 1023: 1016: 1012: 1008: 1006: 1002: 998: 989: 985: 983: 974: 970: 969: 963: 959: 957: 953: 947: 945: 944: 932: 925: 924:Helen of Troy 921: 917: 913: 909: 905: 904:Martin Luther 901: 897: 893: 892: 888: 883: 873: 863: 859: 856: 855:James Kennedy 852: 846: 841: 838: 835: 830: 828: 823: 819: 815: 814:Franche-Comté 811: 806: 804: 799: 796: 792: 790: 786: 782: 774: 770: 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Retrieved 2422: 2415: 2395: 2386: 1859: 1579: 1576: 1539: 1535: 1523: 1512: 1485: 1479: 1468: 1450: 1446: 1440: 1431:André Besson 1426: 1401: 1390: 1386: 1383:Anton Petter 1371: 1353: 1329:Jan van Eyck 1325:Hans Memling 1309: 1291: 1264: 1256: 1234:descendance. 1193: 1176: 1170: 1134: 1131:Jean Molinet 1118: 1112: 1102: 1095: 1074: 1068: 1062: 1056: 1050: 1041: 1032: 1020: 1014: 1000: 996: 994: 981: 978: 972: 965: 955: 951: 948: 941: 938: 886: 860: 848: 843: 839: 833: 831: 807: 800: 797: 793: 778: 764: 761:Anton Petter 756: 731: 728: 724: 721: 716: 709: 701:Enguinegatte 681: 674: 662: 658: 641: 637: 609: 567:Joyous Entry 556: 539: 535: 519: 479: 428: 376: 324: 294:who ruled a 287: 267: 266: 208: 146:(1482-03-27) 36: 8895:1482 deaths 8890:1457 births 8161:(1964–2000) 8155:(1919–1964) 8149:(1912–1919) 8143:(1905–1912) 8137:(1890–1905) 8107:(1849–1890) 8105:William III 8101:(1840–1849) 8095:(1815–1840) 8086:(1815–1890) 8047:(1792–1794) 8039:(1790–1792) 8031:(1780–1790) 8021:(1780–1794) 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Bellman 5720:22 November 5547:22 November 5247:11 November 5006:12 November 4887:22 November 4847:22 November 4789:22 November 4719:22 November 4345:10 November 4285:26 November 3860:Monter 2012 3817:12 November 3650:12 November 3619:Davies 2011 3457:: 237–250. 3381:17 November 3329:17 November 3248:17 November 3214:12 November 3155:17 February 3121:17 February 3090:Vossen 1982 3075:12 November 3029:12 November 2995:12 November 2961:12 November 2927:12 November 2901:12 November 2593:Taylor 2002 2578:12 November 2543:12 November 1478:, entitled 1476:docufiction 1474:In 2021, a 1457:, starring 1406:Jules Lagae 1151:Joan of Arc 1121:, 1518, by 971:, from the 812:, by which 677:Croÿ family 373:Early years 90:Predecessor 8869:Categories 8141:William IV 8099:William II 7928:Charles IV 7897:Philip III 7841:Charles II 7498:(998–1026) 7480:(963–1136) 7466:(963–1354) 7451:Luxembourg 6917:Maximilian 6496:(in Dutch) 6417:Eörsi 2020 6402:29 January 6377:29 January 6349:29 January 6276:8 November 6232:26 January 6183:3 November 6149:3 November 6115:3 November 6081:8 November 6071:"Kościoły" 6055:8 November 6021:8 November 5996:8 November 5971:25 January 5947:25 January 5847:3 November 5766:25 October 5686:22 October 5652:25 October 5627:22 October 5593:22 October 5522:8 November 5488:8 November 5413:22 October 5379:22 October 5318:22 October 5284:5 December 5262:Turel 2012 5216:Eörsi 2020 5200:8 November 5154:8 November 5120:8 November 5086:8 November 5055:Eörsi 2020 5040:25 October 4936:5 December 4673:27 October 4648:22 October 4623:22 October 4589:22 October 4531:8 November 4497:1 November 4463:1 November 4420:(in Dutch) 4368:(in Dutch) 4248:25 October 4223:25 October 4177:25 October 3966:(in Dutch) 3882:27 October 3845:25 October 3783:8 November 3749:27 October 3723:27 October 3550:27 October 3415:27 October 3180:24 October 2870:Eörsi 2020 2819:22 January 2785:22 January 2751:22 January 2717:22 January 2407:References 1605:and Queen 1451:Maximilian 1449:or simply 1243:In one of 1069:Theuerdank 1064:Weisskunig 1052:Theuerdank 870:See also: 746:See also: 717:Weisskunig 685:Le Quesnoy 383:Coudenberg 308:Luxembourg 114:Maximilian 53:Portrait ( 8153:Charlotte 8093:William I 7997:Charles V 7920:Philip IV 7881:Philip II 7779:Elisabeth 7698:Charles I 7682:Henry VII 7621:Ermesinde 7543:Conrad II 7535:William I 7527:Henry III 7511:Giselbert 7490:(963–998) 7487:Siegfried 6892:Charolais 6864:Luxemburg 6494:vrtnws.be 5588:213740615 5456:165610800 5195:234506689 5181:: 19–53. 4295:cite book 4192:Hand 2017 3486:16 August 3481:244627826 3295:16 August 3290:247271703 2692:16 August 2658:16 August 2624:16 August 2175:(titular) 1321:Charles V 1197:Philip IV 1147:Artemisia 1139:Semiramis 968:the Death 916:Charles V 697:Guinegate 365:, became 169:, Belgium 110:Alongside 104:Philip IV 100:Successor 94:Charles I 7951:Philip V 7833:Philip I 7795:and then 7674:Henry VI 7637:and then 7632:Theobald 7575:Henry IV 7519:Conrad I 7503:Henry II 7447:Monarchs 6887:Flanders 6868:Guelders 6678:Louis XI 5865:Bulletin 4491:Archived 4457:Archived 4424:22 March 4397:22 March 4372:22 March 4207:Marullus 3970:22 March 3943:22 March 2334:See also 1621:Ancestry 1595:Margaret 1573:, Bruges 1517:halfmoon 1194:Arch of 1155:Manekine 834:de facto 699:(modern 598:Marriage 571:Flanders 379:Brussels 363:Margaret 339:Louis XI 288:the Rich 155:Flanders 130:Brussels 8135:Adolphe 8044:Francis 8036:Leopold 8005:Mary II 7801:John II 7790:Anthony 7666:Henry V 7643:Waleran 7495:Henry I 7251:Domains 6908:Zutphen 6904:Zeeland 6900:Holland 6896:Hainaut 6860:Lothier 6855:Limburg 6605:Sources 6397:Legendz 4143:3 March 4117:3 March 4090:19 July 4064:19 July 4030:19 July 3602:(ed.). 2497:25 June 2463:25 June 2439:25 June 1580:Issue: 1554:Jabbeke 1143:Zenobia 1088:In the 1058:Freydal 995:In the 922:became 693:Antoing 583:Holland 579:Hainaut 575:Brabant 527:Picardy 466:briquet 320:Hainaut 316:Holland 304:Brabant 300:Limburg 210:more... 197: 189: 185: 134:Brabant 8028:Joseph 7912:Albert 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