385:
199:
29:
833:
277:
instituted a systematic campaign to root out the new religious movements, which resulted in political resentment towards the authorities, including the
Catholic Church. Inhabitants of the northern Netherlands who were primarily Protestant began to turn against the Catholic priests and monastics
356:
of the
Cologne province and parish priest not far from Gorkum, who when apprised of the incarceration of the clergy of Gorkum hastened to the city in order to administer the sacraments to them and was seized and imprisoned with the rest; Jacobus Lacops of Oudenaar, a
281:
By 1572 the
Netherlands were in open revolt against Spanish rule, while in the internal rivalry among the Protestant denominations, Calvinism managed to suppress Lutheranism. On 1 April of the next year, Calvinist forces and a rebel group called the
317:, guardian of Gorkum; Hieronymus of Weert, vicar; Theodorus van der Eem of Amersfoort; Nicasius Janssen of Heeze; Willehad of Denmark; Godefried of Mervel; Antonius of Weert; Antonius of Hoornaer, and Franciscus de Roye of
400:
In prison at Gorkum (from 26 June to 6 July 1572), the first 15 prisoners were transferred to
Brielle, arriving there on 8 July. On their way to Dordrecht they were exhibited for money to the curious. The following day,
451:
A shrub bearing 19 white flowers is said to have sprung up at the site of their martyrdom. Many miracles have since been attributed to the intercession of the Gorkum
Martyrs, especially the curing of hernias. The
180:; Hieronymus of Weert; Theodorus van der Eem; Nicasius Janssen; Willehad of Denmark; Godefried of Mervel; Antonius of Weert; Antonius of Hoornaer; Franciseus de Roye of
580:
943:
635:
873:
898:
753:
968:
903:
948:
923:
893:
464:, was part of grand celebrations marking 1,800 years since the traditional year for the martyrdom of the two apostles in Rome.
928:
868:
863:
340:
Also imprisoned were
Godefried van Duynsen of Gorkum, a priest in his native city, and Joannes Lenartz of Oisterwijk, a
963:
837:
776:
765:
878:
471:
and processions. The reliquary of their remains is now enshrined in the Church of Saint
Nicholas, Brussels, Belgium.
461:
787:
701:
384:
270:
853:
918:
908:
348:
for the monastery of
Augustinian nuns in Gorkum. To these fifteen were later added four more companions:
933:
913:
888:
377:
canon and at one time parish priest in
Monster, who was sent to Brielle with Jacobus Lacops. Last was
938:
234:
883:
585:
415:. In the meantime, four others arrived. It was demanded of each that he abandon his belief in the
953:
436:
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601:
402:
366:
858:
656:
349:
242:
185:
8:
679:
640:
389:
334:
590:(born c. 1499–1502), Franciscan friar and priest, chaplain to a community of Franciscan
958:
674:
432:
416:
345:
326:
291:
274:
164:
467:
For many years the place of their martyrdom in
Brielle has been the scene of numerous
795:
772:
420:
374:
67:
63:
34:
518:
Leonard van Veghel (born 1527), spokesman, secular priest, and since 1566 pastor of
574:
428:
788:
McCarthy, Kathleen. "The martyrs of Gorkum – a painting in the Goold collection",
564:
552:
Godfried van Duynen (born 1502), secular priest, former pastor in northern France
488:
424:
393:
353:
652:
606:
538:
530:
511:
499:
378:
314:
225:
clerics, secular and religious, who were hanged on 9 July 1572 in the town of
211:
177:
125:
39:
847:
733:
669:
625:
453:
341:
330:
266:
254:
109:
16:
19 Dutch Catholic clerics executed in Brielle, present-day Netherlands (1572)
427:. All remained firm in their faith. Meanwhile, there came a letter from the
614:
457:
407:
370:
238:
219:
198:
189:
141:
133:
119:
811:
740:. Vol. 6. New York: Robert Appleton Company (1909). Accessed 9 July 2013.
591:
525:
412:
322:
287:
258:
101:
79:
546:
Jerome of Weert (born 1522), Franciscan friar, priest, pastor in Gorcum
534:
496:
480:
468:
460:
on 29 June 1867. Their elevation to sainthood, which took place on the
358:
310:
295:
230:
712:
543:
Nicasius of Heeze (born 1522), Franciscan friar, theologian and priest
629:
519:
302:
262:
600:
Adrian van Hilvarenbeek (born 1528), Norbertine canon and pastor in
28:
646:
597:
Cornelius of Wijk bij Duurstede (born 1548), Franciscan lay brother
568:
318:
222:
181:
156:
226:
59:
439:
unmolested. Despite this call, on 9 July, they were hanged in a
832:
362:
306:
192:, Andreas Wouters of Heynoord and Joannes Lenartz of Oisterwijk
150:
713:"Geschiedenis van de H. Godefridus van Melveren", Melveren.be
618:
610:
435:, which enjoined all those in authority to leave priests and
555:
Willehad of Denmark (born 1482), Franciscan friar and priest
388:
The Apotheosis of the Martyrs of Gorkum 1572, print made by
440:
115:
456:
of the martyrs took place on 14 November 1675, and their
752:
Dominican Friars, Province of St. Joseph (8 July 2012).
561:
Francis of Roye (born 1549), Franciscan friar and priest
325:
from the same friary, Petrus of Assche and Cornelius of
253:
In the first half of the 16th century, various forms of
655:(born 1534), Franciscan friar, priest and theologian,
329:. At almost the same time the Calvinists arrested the
419:, the doctrine of the real presence of Christ in the
188:, Jacobus Lacops of Oudenaar, Adrianus Janssen of
309:fell, and at the latter the rebels captured nine
845:
549:Anthony of Hoornaar, Franciscan friar and priest
265:—were spreading through Western Europe. In the
241:against Spanish rule, which developed into the
514:'). The 19 put to death on 9 July 1572 were:
748:
746:
944:Canonized Roman Catholic religious brothers
754:"Dominican Saints 101: St. John of Cologne"
624:Jan of Oisterwijk (born 1504), Augustinian
558:James Lacobs (born 1541), Norbertine canon
27:
818:, Vol. VII, (1866). Accessed 9 July 2013.
743:
728:
726:
724:
722:
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697:
695:
659:of the friary in Gorkum, his native city
577:(born 1523), Franciscan friar and priest
524:Peter of Assche (born 1530), Franciscan
383:
269:, then under the rule of Spain, Emperor
197:
706:
533:(born 1542), secular priest, pastor of
846:
411:, had them interrogated and ordered a
804:
717:
702:"Martyrs of Gorkum", Oxford Reference
692:
352:(alias known as John of Cologne), a
899:16th-century Roman Catholic martyrs
184:; Godefried van Duynsen of Gorkum,
13:
403:William de la Marck, Lord of Lumey
138:29 June 1867, Rome, Papal States,
14:
980:
825:
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969:Beatifications by Pope Clement X
831:
617:(born 1512), Franciscan priest,
904:Martyred Roman Catholic priests
812:"July 9: SS. Martyrs of Gorcum"
423:, as well as the belief in the
333:of Gorkum, Leonardus Vechel of
792:, Volume 30 Issue 2 (Dec 2015)
781:
759:
502:and a local canon regular, or
462:Feast of Saints Peter and Paul
1:
949:Canonizations by Pope Pius IX
924:Canonical Augustinian martyrs
894:16th-century Christian saints
874:Eighty Years' War (1566–1609)
685:
645:(born 1532), secular priest,
567:, Dominican friar, pastor in
446:
929:Canonical Augustinian saints
7:
869:Dutch Roman Catholic saints
663:
235:16th-century religious wars
10:
985:
864:Lists of Christian martyrs
321:. To these were added two
964:History of Voorne aan Zee
768:Iconoclasm and Iconoclash
738:The Catholic Encyclopedia
732:Albers, Petrus Henricus.
344:from a nearby priory and
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173:
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879:History of South Holland
155:Church of St. Nicholas,
766:MĂĽller, Daniela et al,
734:"The Martyrs of Gorkum"
621:of the friary in Gorkum
602:Monster, South Holland
487:('friars minor'), one
397:
369:; Adrianus Janssen of
367:Monster, South Holland
294:(Den Briel) and later
215:
203:
756:Accessed 9 July 2013.
628:, a chaplain for the
581:Theodorus van der Eem
387:
337:, and his assistant.
218:) were a group of 19
216:Martelaren van Gorcum
201:
102:Order of Friars Minor
100:(Netherlands and the
22:The Martyrs of Gorkum
840:at Wikimedia Commons
392:after a painting by
350:Joannes van Hoornaer
202:19 Martyrs of Gorcum
186:Joannes van Hoornaer
854:16th-century births
816:Lives of the Saints
680:Martyrs of Roermond
405:, commander of the
390:Jean-Baptiste Nolin
237:—specifically, the
919:Premonstratensians
909:Franciscan martyrs
675:Martyrs of Alkmaar
607:Godfried of Mervel
433:William the Silent
417:Transubstantiation
398:
346:spiritual director
327:Wijk bij Duurstede
229:by militant Dutch
204:
114:14 November 1675,
87:Means of martyrdom
934:Dominican martyrs
914:Franciscan saints
889:Deaths by hanging
838:Martyrs of Gorkum
836:Media related to
594:Sisters in Gorkum
421:Blessed Sacrament
375:Premonstratensian
273:and his son King
243:Eighty Years' War
208:Martyrs of Gorkum
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68:Holy Roman Empire
64:County of Holland
35:Cesare Fracassini
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939:Dominican saints
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636:Nicholaas Poppel
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575:Anthony of Weert
429:Prince of Orange
335:'s-Hertogenbosch
292:captured Brielle
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565:John of Cologne
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425:Papal supremacy
394:Johan Zierneels
379:Andreas Wouters
361:, who became a
257:—particularly,
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174:Notable martyrs
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98:Catholic Church
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531:Andrew Wouters
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500:canons regular
485:Minderbroeders
479:There were 11
476:
475:The 19 martyrs
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315:Nicholas Pieck
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458:canonization
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408:Gueux de mer
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371:Hilvarenbeek
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323:lay brothers
300:
298:(Flushing).
283:
280:
252:
239:Dutch Revolt
207:
205:
190:Hilvarenbeek
142:Pope Pius IX
120:Papal States
95:Venerated in
78:
50:16th century
37:(1838-1868),
859:1572 deaths
639: [
584: [
571:near Gorkum
526:lay brother
508:wereldheren
469:pilgrimages
413:disputation
288:Sea Beggars
284:Watergeuzen
259:Lutheranism
233:during the
80:Watergeuzen
74:Martyred by
848:Categories
790:Footprints
686:References
535:Heinenoord
497:Norbertine
493:Predikheer
483:friars or
481:Franciscan
447:Veneration
359:Norbertine
311:Franciscan
296:Vlissingen
231:Calvinists
959:Gorinchem
800:0015-9115
649:in Gorkum
632:in Gorkum
630:Beguinage
506:and five
491:friar or
489:Dominican
437:religious
354:Dominican
313:priests:
303:Dordrecht
301:In June,
278:present.
275:Philip II
271:Charles V
263:Calvinism
159:, Belgium
134:Canonized
110:Beatified
664:See also
657:Guardian
647:chaplain
592:Tertiary
569:Hoornaar
504:witheren
441:turfshed
319:Brussels
223:Catholic
182:Brussels
157:Brussels
537:in the
227:Brielle
90:hanging
60:Brielle
798:
775:
520:Gorkum
495:, two
396:, 1675
363:curate
307:Gorkum
249:Events
169:9 July
151:shrine
149:Major
643:]
619:vicar
611:Vicar
588:]
220:Dutch
212:Dutch
165:Feast
796:ISSN
773:ISBN
373:, a
305:and
261:and
206:The
116:Rome
77:The
55:Died
47:Born
814:in
736:in
365:in
140:by
124:by
33:by
850::
794:,
745:^
719:^
694:^
641:nl
609:,
586:nl
510:('
443:.
431:,
290:)
245:.
214::
122:,
118:,
66:,
62:,
286:(
210:(
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