311:
364:
108:
fuel sales. This small sales share of MDO is due to the high proportion of petroleum resid that made it can be used on large marine engines. According to
Chevron, petroleum resid, or inorganic salts, in the fuel result in injector tip deposits that prevent the injector from creating the desired fuel spray pattern. But those low-speed, large marine diesel engines are appropriate for using fuel containing large amounts of petroleum resid.
124:(the International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships) is the most widely adopted one. MARPOL is the main international convention covering the prevention of operational or accidental pollution of the marine environment by ships. Inside the IMO, there is a committee called the Marine Environment Protection Committee (MEPC). MEPC has meetings periodically to discusses resolutions to current
107:
The market of MDO is much smaller than on-highway diesel. According to the 2004 US diesel fuel sales statistics from US Department of Energy, Energy
Information Administration, marine shipping only makes up 3.7% of the total diesel market. On the other hand, on-highway diesel makes up 59.5% of diesel
39:
refinery. Marine diesel oil has been condemned for its nimiety of sulfur, so many countries and organizations established regulations and laws on MDO use. Due to its lower price compared to more refined fuel, MDO is favored particularly by the
67:(8 to 27 cSt). But MDO does not need to be preheated before using. According to Chevron, MDO has a sulfur limit varies from 1 to 4.5 percent by mass for different grades and Sulfur Emission Control Areas (SECAs).
99:, marketable product. In visbreaking, a relatively mild thermal cracking operation is performed. And the amount of cracking is limited by the overruling requirement to safeguard the heavy fuel stability.
63:
from less than one centistoke (cSt) to about 700 cSt at 50°C (122°F). (1 cSt = 1 mm2/s.) And higher viscosity grades are preheated during use to bring their viscosity into the range suitable for
27:. MDO is widely used by medium speed and medium/high speed marine diesel engines. It is also used in the larger low speed and medium speed propulsion engine which normally burn
283:
247:
348:
83:
refinery. The catalytic cracking operation breaks large molecules into small molecules. It happens in high temperature and with appropriate
202:
405:
434:
53:
149:
117:
341:
258:
334:
398:
76:
32:
213:
439:
424:
429:
391:
379:
322:
8:
91:
is a process that turn the bottom product of the vacuum unit, which has extremely high
41:
125:
375:
318:
64:
418:
28:
120:(IMO) develops regulations for marine shipping. Among those regulations,
88:
80:
36:
23:) is a type of distillate diesel oil. Marine diesel oil is also called
310:
363:
96:
92:
84:
60:
159:. Environment Canada, Emergencies Science and Technology Division
371:
121:
374:, its collection, its distribution, or its uses is a
317:This article about an automotive technology is a
416:
248:"Everything You Need to Know About Marine Fuels"
111:
399:
342:
196:
194:
242:
240:
238:
236:
234:
192:
190:
188:
186:
184:
182:
180:
178:
176:
174:
406:
392:
349:
335:
157:Environment Canada Oil Properties Database
70:
231:
171:
288:Marine Environment Protection Committee
56:(ISO) is the primary standard of MDO.
417:
31:. Those fuels result from a catalytic
358:
305:
144:
142:
140:
54:International Standards Organization
276:
200:
118:International Maritime Organization
13:
14:
451:
137:
362:
309:
47:
203:"Diesel Fuels Technical Review"
255:Chevron Global Marine Products
1:
131:
75:MDO is made from a catalytic
378:. You can help Knowledge by
321:. You can help Knowledge by
112:Regulations and restrictions
7:
435:Automotive technology stubs
10:
456:
357:
304:
284:"MEPC Official Documents"
257:. Chevron. Archived from
212:. Chevron. Archived from
210:Chevron Global Marketing
150:"Marine Diesel Fuel Oil"
25:distillate marine diesel
71:Manufacturing procedure
102:
59:Marine fuels range in
370:This article about
387:
386:
330:
329:
42:shipping industry
17:Marine diesel oil
447:
408:
401:
394:
366:
359:
351:
344:
337:
313:
306:
300:
299:
297:
295:
280:
274:
273:
271:
269:
264:on 30 March 2015
263:
252:
244:
229:
228:
226:
224:
219:on 11 April 2015
218:
207:
198:
169:
168:
166:
164:
154:
146:
126:marine pollution
52:ISO 8217 of the
455:
454:
450:
449:
448:
446:
445:
444:
415:
414:
413:
412:
356:
355:
303:
293:
291:
282:
281:
277:
267:
265:
261:
250:
246:
245:
232:
222:
220:
216:
205:
199:
172:
162:
160:
152:
148:
147:
138:
134:
114:
105:
73:
50:
12:
11:
5:
453:
443:
442:
437:
432:
427:
411:
410:
403:
396:
388:
385:
384:
367:
354:
353:
346:
339:
331:
328:
327:
314:
302:
301:
275:
230:
170:
135:
133:
130:
113:
110:
104:
101:
72:
69:
65:fuel injection
49:
46:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
452:
441:
438:
436:
433:
431:
428:
426:
423:
422:
420:
409:
404:
402:
397:
395:
390:
389:
383:
381:
377:
373:
368:
365:
361:
360:
352:
347:
345:
340:
338:
333:
332:
326:
324:
320:
315:
312:
308:
307:
289:
285:
279:
260:
256:
249:
243:
241:
239:
237:
235:
215:
211:
204:
197:
195:
193:
191:
189:
187:
185:
183:
181:
179:
177:
175:
158:
151:
145:
143:
141:
136:
129:
127:
123:
119:
109:
100:
98:
95:, into lower
94:
90:
86:
82:
78:
68:
66:
62:
57:
55:
48:Specification
45:
43:
38:
34:
30:
29:residual fuel
26:
22:
18:
440:Energy stubs
425:Liquid fuels
380:expanding it
369:
323:expanding it
316:
292:. Retrieved
287:
278:
266:. Retrieved
259:the original
254:
221:. Retrieved
214:the original
209:
161:. Retrieved
156:
115:
106:
74:
58:
51:
24:
20:
16:
15:
430:Diesel fuel
89:Visbreaking
81:visbreaking
37:visbreaking
419:Categories
132:References
201:Chevron.
97:viscosity
93:viscosity
61:viscosity
163:23 April
85:catalyst
77:cracking
33:cracking
372:energy
122:MARPOL
294:7 May
290:. IMO
268:4 May
262:(PDF)
251:(PDF)
223:4 May
217:(PDF)
206:(PDF)
153:(PDF)
376:stub
319:stub
296:2015
270:2015
225:2015
165:2015
116:The
79:and
35:and
103:Use
87:.
44:.
21:MDO
421::
286:.
253:.
233:^
208:.
173:^
155:.
139:^
128:.
407:e
400:t
393:v
382:.
350:e
343:t
336:v
325:.
298:.
272:.
227:.
167:.
19:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.