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Northern March

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Albert's control of the region was nominal for several decades, but he engaged in a variety of military and diplomatic actions against the Wends, and saw his control become more real by the middle of the century. In 1150, Albert formally inherited Brandenburg from its last
612:. The church under Albert established dioceses, which with their walled towns protected the townspeople from attack. With the arrival of monks and bishops begins anew the recorded history of the town of Brandenburg, from which would develop the eponymous margraviate. 577:
alliance in the middle of the 11th century, the German expansion in the direction of the Northern March remained at a standstill and the Wends east of the Elbe remained independent for approximately 150 years.
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in 965, the vast collection of marches (a "super-march") was divided by Otto into five smaller commands. The Northern March was one of these. The others were the
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In the beginning of the 12th century, the German kings re-established control over the mixed Slav-inhabited lands on the eastern borders of the
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as well as the corresponding bishoprics, though titular margraves and bishops were still appointed. Until the collapse of the
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had established German control over the many remaining pagans, who were collectively referred to as Slavs or
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Apostolic Administration of KamieƄ (Cammin), Lubusz (Lebus) and the Prelature of PiƂa (SchneidemĂŒhl)
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began migrating towards the Roman frontier. In the northeast they were replaced primarily by
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Convention on the International Commission on the Protection of the Oder against Pollution
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rebellion in 983 reversed German control over the region until the establishment of the
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Polen und Deutschland vor 1000 Jahren: Die Berliner Tagung ĂŒber den "Akt von Gnesen"
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in 1157. The expanded march became a hereditary possession of Albert's house, the
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Under Albert, the march was expanded with the acquisition of Slavic lands around
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conquered Brandenburg in 928–929 and imposed tribute upon the tribes up to the
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descendants made considerable progress in Christianising the captured lands.
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The Northern March (red) around the start of the 11th century, between the
747:, 1057–1082, also Count of Stade (as Lothair Udo III), son of the previous 416: 2428: 2406: 1467: 1094:
The Journal of the Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland
993:"König Otto III. und die Slawen an Ostsee, Oder und Elbe um das Jahr 995" 609: 473: 452: 304: 154: 608:. The Slavs were subsequently assimilated by German settlers during the 253: 2464: 2396: 1773: 1193: 1113: 1089: 485: 469: 321: 1042: 1018: 316: 2386: 2346: 1727: 1624: 477: 261: 1105: 693:, 1003–1009, son of the previous and cousin of Thietmar of Merseburg 2361: 1738: 1733: 855: 734:, 1056–1057, also Count of Stade (as Lothair Udo II), first of the 625: 527: 233: 2336: 617: 574: 531: 523: 519: 432: 284:). The Hevelli also built a large outpost at the current site of 257: 222: 2381: 2376: 2371: 2326: 636:
The Margraves of the Nordmark were closely related to both the
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by contemporaries. Slavic settlements such as Brenna, BudiĆĄin (
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Tribes in the Northern and Billung marches at the time of the
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bestowed on the Slavic tribes allied with him (such as the
1140:. Macmillan International Higher Education. pp. 46–. 280:. They built their main fortification at "Brenna" (modern 2013:
Prince-Episcopal Delegation for Brandenburg and Pomerania
765:, 1106–1112, also Count of Stade, brother of the previous 149:
in 965. It initially comprised the northern third of the
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Ottonian Germany: The Chronicon of Thietmar of Merseburg
1019:"Henry I and the Beginnings of the Saxon Empire - p.11-" 569:, led to a factual disestablishment of the Northern and 526:) came under German control through the installation of 236:. They settled east of the line formed by the Havel and 2170:
Evangelical Church of the Augsburg Confession in Poland
913:"The Medieval Elbe - Slavs and Germans on the Frontier" 1137:
Medieval Germany, 500–1300: A Political Interpretation
1065:"Study into Socio-political History of the Obodrites" 272:
for the ancient Germanic name of the river "Habula" (
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Apostolic Administration of the Free City of Danzig
865:For a lists of margravines (margrave's wives), see 644:. The early counts and margraves were discussed by 463: 3015:States and territories disestablished in the 980s 1180:. New York: Frederick Ungar Publishing Co., 1928. 830:, 1133–1134, son of Rudolf I and the last of the 2981: 960: 488:. A period of quiet followed in the region. The 295: 64:but its sources remain unclear because it lacks 3020:980s disestablishments in the Holy Roman Empire 2212: 2153:Evangelical Lutheran Church in Northern Germany 1187:, Manchester University Press, Manchester, 2001 1133: 30:"Nordmark" redirects here. For other uses, see 3000:States and territories established in the 960s 933: 153:(roughly corresponding to the modern state of 143:) was created out of the division of the vast 2157:Lutheran Diocese of Mecklenburg and Pomerania 1209: 1087: 884: 3005:960s establishments in the Holy Roman Empire 2995:Former states and territories of Brandenburg 2917:Polish-East German Maritime Border Agreement 2440:Post-WWII settlement of Poles and Ukrainians 2175:Lutheran Diocese of Pomerania-Greater Poland 1062: 990: 937:Germany in the Early Middle Ages c. 800-1056 954: 697: 1216: 1202: 878: 778:, 1112–1114, nondynastic, but part of the 1168:Germany in the Early Middle Ages 800–1056 1127: 1016: 927: 651: 225:were absorbed into these Slavic groups. 95:Learn how and when to remove this message 1223: 721:, 1056–1057, illegitimate son of Bernard 260:lived west of that line, in the current 180: 106: 2008:Apostolic Vicariate of Northern Germany 808: 648:, a descendant of the original rulers. 581: 228:The group of people who settled at the 14: 2982: 2163:Evangelical Reformed Church in Germany 1844:Pomeranian Voivodeship 1919–1939 680:, 983–1003, the first margrave of the 480:) part of the Saxon lands between the 2561: 2211: 1953: 1545:Province of Pomerania 1815–1945 1403:Province of Pomerania 1815–1945 1283: 1197: 1083: 1081: 986: 984: 769: 703:Bernard I, 1009–1018, son of Dietrich 2435:WWII flight and expulsion of Germans 821: 789: 671: 640:, many holding dual titles, and the 631: 496:were established around 940 and the 217:in Europe. These Slavs had come via 176: 36: 2127:Evangelical State Church in Prussia 1854:Free City of Danzig 1920–1939 961:Michael Borgolte (1 January 2009). 905: 798:, 1114–1128, son of Lothair Udo III 686:Lothar II the Old, Count of Walbeck 384:(Poland 1454/1466 â€“ 1772) 276:). The name for themselves was the 24: 1954: 1284: 1078: 981: 725: 604:was granted the Northern March by 538:. After the death of the margrave 27:10th-century march of East Francia 25: 3041: 2848:North German Confederation Treaty 838:Counts of Ballenstedt (Ascanians) 2990:Marches of the Holy Roman Empire 2023:Apostolic Administration of TĂŒtz 1435:Mecklenburg-Vorpommern 1946–1952 715:, 1051–1056, son of the previous 709:, 1018–1051, son of the previous 320: 315: 41: 1931:Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship 1900:Bydgoszcz Voivodeship 1975–1998 1869:Bydgoszcz Voivodeship 1946–1975 1685:Province of Pomerania 1815–1945 1134:Benjamin Arnold (9 June 1997). 867:List of consorts of Brandenburg 660:, 965–983, possibly the son of 464:Establishment and loss, 965–983 2079:Archdiocese of Szczecin-KamieƄ 1889:Koszalin Voivodeship 1975–1998 1879:Koszalin Voivodeship 1950–1975 1874:Szczecin Voivodeship 1946–1975 1786:Duchy of ƚwiecie and Lubiszewo 1702:Koszalin Voivodeship 1950–1975 1697:Szczecin Voivodeship 1946–1975 1582:Koszalin Voivodeship 1975–1998 1577:Szczecin Voivodeship 1975–1998 1572:Koszalin Voivodeship 1950–1975 1567:Szczecin Voivodeship 1946–1975 1455:Szczecin Voivodeship 1975–1998 1430:Szczecin Voivodeship 1946–1975 1056: 1010: 934:Timothy Reuter (6 June 2014). 888:Early Medieval Europe 300–1000 596:. In 1134, in the wake of the 346:(pre â€“ 13th century) 340:(983 â€“ 12th century) 13: 1: 2132:Pomeranian Evangelical Church 2069:Diocese of Koszalin-KoƂobrzeg 1982:Christianization of Pomerania 1859:Reichsgau Danzig-West Prussia 1829:Free City of Danzig 1807–1814 1063:Roman Zaroff (January 2003). 1035:10.1093/ehr/LXXXIII.CCCXXVI.1 1023:The English Historical Review 885:Roger Collins (7 June 1999). 817:, 1130–1133, son of Helperich 296:History of the Northern March 2941:Treaty of Good Neighbourship 2791:Saint-Germain-en-Laye (1679) 2562: 2480:Mecklenburgisch-Vorpommersch 2187:Pentecostal Church in Poland 2148:Protestant Church in Germany 1884:GdaƄsk Voivodeship 1975–1998 1864:GdaƄsk Voivodeship 1946–1975 804:, 1128–1130, son of Rudolf I 740:Siegfried II, Count of Stade 600:of 1147, the German magnate 534:(frontier districts) of the 7: 2935:German–Polish Border Treaty 2929:German Reunification Treaty 2180:Lutheran Diocese of WrocƂaw 1919:West Pomeranian Voivodeship 1806:State of the Teutonic Order 1596:West Pomeranian Voivodeship 1473:West Pomeranian Voivodeship 10: 3046: 2824:Polish Partitions Treaties 1170:. New York: Longman, 1991. 1157: 588:Margraviate of Brandenburg 585: 500:of the pagan Slavs began. 378:Prince-Bishopric of Warmia 350:Margraviate of Brandenburg 29: 2804: 2708: 2572: 2568: 2557: 2505: 2455: 2448: 2415: 2319: 2228: 2224: 2207: 2140: 2110: 2101: 2046: 2028:Prelature of SchneidemĂŒhl 1973: 1964: 1960: 1949: 1839:Posen-West Prussia Region 1726: 1611: 1483: 1294: 1290: 1279: 1231: 1178:Feudal Germany, Volume II 490:Bishoprics of Brandenburg 268:regions. They were named 32:Nordmark (disambiguation) 2959:Treaty of Accession 2003 2416:Major demographic events 1988:Diocese of Wollin/Cammin 1678:Lauenburg and BĂŒtow Land 1673:Brandenburgian Pomerania 1533:Brandenburgian Pomerania 1236:10,000 BC – 600 AD 1174:Thompson, James Westfall 940:. Taylor & Francis. 872: 784:Conrad, Count of Walbeck 50:This article includes a 18:Margrave of the Nordmark 2826:(1772/1773, 1793, 1795) 2229:Archaeological cultures 1388:Pomerania-Wolgast-Stolp 472:of 808, the victorious 402:(1918 â€“ 1947) 396:(1701 â€“ 1918) 390:(1618 â€“ 1701) 370:(1525 â€“ 1618) 364:(1356 â€“ 1806) 358:(1224 â€“ 1525) 240:rivers, in the current 79:more precise citations. 2854:Peace of Prague (1866) 2449:Languages and dialects 2119:Protestant Reformation 1914:Pomeranian Voivodeship 1817:Pomeranian Voivodeship 1716:Pomeranian Voivodeship 1661:Pomeranian Voivodeship 1601:Pomeranian Voivodeship 1463:Mecklenburg-Vorpommern 1088:H. H. Howorth (1880). 915:. University of Oregon 776:Helperich von Plötzkau 698:Counts of Haldensleben 652:Counts of Haldensleben 455:(1947–1952, from 1990) 425:(1920–1939, from 1945) 382:Royal (Polish) Prussia 362:Elector of Brandenburg 232:river became known as 190: 140: 124: 3025:983 disestablishments 2695:(1448/1468/1472/1479) 2064:Archdiocese of GdaƄsk 2054:Archdiocese of Berlin 1445:Bezirk Neubrandenburg 1316:Principality of RĂŒgen 967:. Walter de Gruyter. 858:, and was called the 646:Thietmar of Merseburg 620:ruler, the Christian 437:Recovered Territories 400:Free State of Prussia 334:(965 â€“ 983) 184: 173:in the 12th century. 115:in the north and the 110: 2688:Thorn, Second (1466) 2089:Diocese of WƂocƂawek 2059:Diocese of Bydgoszcz 1668:Lauenburg-BĂŒtow Pawn 1538:Starostwo of Draheim 1383:Pomerania-RĂŒgenwalde 1373:Pomerania-Neustettin 1225:History of Pomerania 1029:(326). Jstor: 1–32. 998:. Digitale Monumenta 860:March of Brandenburg 582:March of Brandenburg 167:March of Brandenburg 2779:Wehlau and Bromberg 2037:GorzĂłw Wielkopolski 2003:Diocese of Roskilde 1822:CheƂmno Voivodeship 1791:Duchy of BiaƂogarda 606:Emperor Lothair III 565:, initiated by the 388:Brandenburg-Prussia 374:Malbork Voivodeship 338:Lutician federation 117:Saxon Eastern March 3010:965 establishments 2883:Molotov–Ribbentrop 2871:Prussian Concordat 2805:1700–present 2666:Eberswalde, Second 2475:Central Pomeranian 2392:German Pomeranians 2357:Slavic Pomeranians 2246:ErtebĂžlle-Ellerbek 2074:Diocese of Pelplin 1998:Diocese of CheƂmno 1993:Diocese of Kolberg 1894:SƂupsk Voivodeship 1796:Duchy of Lubiszewo 1769:Duchy of Pomerelia 1707:SƂupsk Voivodeship 1639:House of Pomerania 1634:Duchy of Pomerania 1587:SƂupsk Voivodeship 1560:List of placenames 1501:House of Pomerania 1496:Duchy of Pomerania 1418:List of placenames 1378:Pomerania-Stargard 1326:House of Pomerania 1321:Duchy of Pomerania 1271:1945–present 1183:Warner, David A., 1100:. Jstor: 181–232. 1017:K. Leyser (1968). 991:JÜRGEN PETERSOHN. 809:Counts of Plötzkau 770:Counts of Plötzkau 548:March of Merseburg 536:Kingdom of Germany 504:Henry I of Germany 443:Kaliningrad Oblast 394:Kingdom of Prussia 191: 125: 52:list of references 2975: 2974: 2971: 2970: 2967: 2966: 2648:Eberswalde, First 2553: 2552: 2549: 2548: 2545: 2544: 2276:Nordic Bronze Age 2203: 2202: 2199: 2198: 2195: 2194: 2097: 2096: 1945: 1944: 1941: 1940: 1905:ToruƄ Voivodeship 1620:Farther Pomerania 1486:Farther Pomerania 1425:Enclave of Police 1398:Swedish Pomerania 1363:Pomerania-Wolgast 1358:Pomerania-Schlawe 1353:Pomerania-Stettin 1297:Western Pomerania 1147:978-1-349-25677-8 974:978-3-05-004738-6 947:978-1-317-87238-2 898:978-1-349-27533-5 672:Counts of Walbeck 662:Wichman the Elder 642:Counts of Walbeck 632:List of margraves 624:. Albert and his 594:Holy Roman Empire 522:), and ChotebuĆŸ ( 510:. By 948 his son 461: 460: 177:Slavic background 105: 104: 97: 16:(Redirected from 3037: 2947:Polish Concordat 2911:Helsinki Accords 2865:Polish Concordat 2626:Stralsund (1370) 2621:Stralsund (1354) 2570: 2569: 2559: 2558: 2453: 2452: 2423:Migration Period 2311:Dębczyn (Denzin) 2226: 2225: 2209: 2208: 2108: 2107: 2084:Diocese of ToruƄ 1971: 1970: 1962: 1961: 1951: 1950: 1801:Duchy of ƚwiecie 1764:Danish Pomerelia 1759:Polish Pomerelia 1752: 1627: 1440:Bezirk Frankfurt 1413:Stralsund Region 1348:Pomerania-Demmin 1292: 1291: 1281: 1280: 1218: 1211: 1204: 1195: 1194: 1152: 1151: 1131: 1125: 1124: 1122: 1120: 1085: 1076: 1075: 1073: 1071: 1060: 1054: 1053: 1051: 1049: 1014: 1008: 1007: 1005: 1003: 997: 988: 979: 978: 958: 952: 951: 931: 925: 924: 922: 920: 909: 903: 902: 882: 832:House of Udonids 780:House of Walbeck 751:Henry I the Long 736:House of Udonids 682:House of Walbeck 563:rebellion of 983 552:March of Meissen 498:Christianisation 419:area (from 1918) 368:Duchy of Prussia 324: 319: 300: 299: 199:Germanic peoples 195:Migration Period 121:March of Lusatia 100: 93: 89: 86: 80: 75:this article by 66:inline citations 45: 44: 37: 21: 3045: 3044: 3040: 3039: 3038: 3036: 3035: 3034: 2980: 2979: 2976: 2963: 2877:Reichskonkordat 2800: 2709:1500–1700 2704: 2677:Brzeƛć Kujawski 2637:RaciÄ…ĆŒek (1404) 2573:1200–1500 2564: 2541: 2501: 2497:Standard German 2490:West Pomeranian 2485:East Pomeranian 2444: 2411: 2315: 2220: 2191: 2136: 2093: 2042: 1956: 1937: 1924:Gmina BiaƂy BĂłr 1848:Polish Corridor 1781:Duchy of GdaƄsk 1747: 1742: 1737: 1731: 1730: 1722: 1622: 1618: 1616: 1615: 1613:Lauenburg-BĂŒtow 1607: 1526:Pomerania-Stolp 1489: 1488: 1479: 1393:Pomerania-Barth 1368:Pomerania-Stolp 1299: 1286: 1275: 1266:1933–1945 1261:1806–1933 1256:1500–1806 1251:1300–1500 1246:1100–1300 1227: 1222: 1191: 1164:Reuter, Timothy 1160: 1155: 1148: 1132: 1128: 1118: 1116: 1106:10.2307/2841974 1086: 1079: 1069: 1067: 1061: 1057: 1047: 1045: 1015: 1011: 1001: 999: 995: 989: 982: 975: 959: 955: 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1380: 1375: 1370: 1365: 1360: 1355: 1350: 1345: 1344: 1343: 1338: 1333: 1328: 1318: 1313: 1311:Northern March 1308: 1302: 1300: 1295: 1288: 1287: 1285:Administrative 1277: 1276: 1274: 1273: 1268: 1263: 1258: 1253: 1248: 1243: 1241:600–1100 1238: 1232: 1229: 1228: 1221: 1220: 1213: 1206: 1198: 1189: 1188: 1181: 1171: 1159: 1156: 1154: 1153: 1146: 1126: 1077: 1055: 1009: 980: 973: 953: 946: 926: 904: 897: 876: 874: 871: 848: 847: 839: 836: 835: 834: 823: 820: 819: 818: 810: 807: 806: 805: 799: 791: 788: 787: 786: 771: 768: 767: 766: 760: 754: 748: 745:Lothair Udo II 742: 727: 724: 723: 722: 716: 710: 704: 699: 696: 695: 694: 688: 673: 670: 669: 668: 666:Count of Stade 653: 650: 633: 630: 586:Main article: 583: 580: 556:March of Zeitz 540:Gero the Great 465: 462: 459: 458: 457: 456: 446: 440: 426: 420: 411: 410: 406: 405: 404: 403: 397: 391: 385: 371: 365: 359: 356:Teutonic Order 353: 347: 341: 335: 332:Northern March 326: 325: 312: 311: 297: 294: 246:Teltow regions 203:Slavic peoples 178: 175: 129:Northern March 123:) in the south 103: 102: 60:external links 49: 47: 40: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 3042: 3031: 3028: 3026: 3023: 3021: 3018: 3016: 3013: 3011: 3008: 3006: 3003: 3001: 2998: 2996: 2993: 2991: 2988: 2987: 2985: 2978: 2960: 2957: 2954: 2951: 2948: 2945: 2942: 2939: 2936: 2933: 2930: 2927: 2924: 2923:Two Plus Four 2921: 2918: 2915: 2912: 2909: 2907: 2906:Warsaw (1970) 2904: 2902: 2901:Moscow (1970) 2899: 2896: 2893: 2890: 2887: 2884: 2881: 2878: 2875: 2872: 2869: 2866: 2863: 2860: 2857: 2855: 2852: 2849: 2846: 2843: 2840: 2837: 2834: 2831: 2828: 2825: 2822: 2819: 2818:Frederiksborg 2816: 2814:(1719 / 1720) 2813: 2810: 2809: 2807: 2803: 2797: 2794: 2792: 2789: 2786: 2783: 2780: 2777: 2774: 2771: 2769: 2766: 2763: 2760: 2758: 2755: 2752: 2749: 2747: 2744: 2741: 2738: 2735: 2732: 2729: 2726: 2723: 2720: 2717: 2714: 2713: 2711: 2707: 2700: 2697: 2694: 2691: 2689: 2686: 2684: 2683:Soldin (1466) 2681: 2678: 2675: 2673: 2670: 2667: 2664: 2661: 2658: 2655: 2652: 2649: 2646: 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1717: 1714: 1713: 1712:Contemporary 1711: 1708: 1705: 1703: 1700: 1698: 1695: 1691: 1690:Köslin Region 1688: 1687: 1686: 1683: 1679: 1676: 1675: 1674: 1671: 1669: 1666: 1662: 1659: 1658: 1657: 1656:Royal Prussia 1654: 1650: 1647: 1645: 1644:List of Dukes 1642: 1640: 1637: 1636: 1635: 1632: 1631: 1629: 1626: 1621: 1617:classified as 1614: 1610: 1602: 1599: 1597: 1594: 1593: 1592:Contemporary 1591: 1588: 1585: 1583: 1580: 1578: 1575: 1573: 1570: 1568: 1565: 1561: 1558: 1556: 1555:Köslin Region 1553: 1551: 1548: 1547: 1546: 1543: 1539: 1536: 1535: 1534: 1531: 1527: 1524: 1522: 1519: 1517: 1516:Schlawe-Stolp 1514: 1512: 1509: 1507: 1506:List of Dukes 1504: 1502: 1499: 1498: 1497: 1494: 1493: 1491: 1487: 1482: 1474: 1471: 1469: 1466: 1464: 1461: 1460: 1459:Contemporary 1458: 1456: 1453: 1451: 1448: 1446: 1443: 1441: 1438: 1436: 1433: 1431: 1428: 1426: 1423: 1419: 1416: 1414: 1411: 1409: 1406: 1405: 1404: 1401: 1399: 1396: 1394: 1391: 1389: 1386: 1384: 1381: 1379: 1376: 1374: 1371: 1369: 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and son of 683: 679: 676: 675: 667: 663: 659: 656: 655: 649: 647: 643: 639: 629: 627: 623: 619: 613: 611: 607: 603: 599: 595: 589: 579: 576: 572: 568: 564: 559: 557: 553: 549: 545: 544:Eastern March 541: 537: 533: 529: 525: 521: 517: 513: 509: 505: 501: 499: 495: 491: 487: 483: 479: 475: 471: 454: 450: 447: 444: 441: 438: 434: 430: 427: 424: 421: 418: 415: 414: 413: 412: 408: 407: 401: 398: 395: 392: 389: 386: 383: 379: 375: 372: 369: 366: 363: 360: 357: 354: 351: 348: 345: 344:Old Prussians 342: 339: 336: 333: 330: 329: 328: 327: 323: 318: 314: 313: 310: 306: 302: 301: 293: 291: 287: 283: 279: 275: 271: 267: 263: 259: 255: 251: 247: 243: 239: 235: 231: 226: 224: 220: 216: 212: 208: 204: 200: 196: 188: 183: 174: 172: 168: 164: 160: 156: 152: 148: 147: 146:Marca Geronis 142: 138: 134: 130: 122: 118: 114: 113:Billung March 109: 99: 96: 88: 78: 74: 68: 67: 61: 57: 53: 48: 39: 38: 33: 19: 2977: 2642:Thorn, First 2470:Low Prussian 2427: 2271:Comb Ceramic 2256:Funnelbeaker 2218:anthropology 2117: 2035:with see in 1980: 1834:West Prussia 1749:CheƂmno Land 1310: 1190: 1184: 1177: 1167: 1136: 1129: 1119:September 6, 1117:. Retrieved 1097: 1093: 1070:September 6, 1068:. Retrieved 1058: 1048:September 6, 1046:. Retrieved 1026: 1022: 1012: 1002:September 6, 1000:. Retrieved 963: 956: 936: 929: 917:. 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The 242:Barnim 211:Lutici 207:Veleti 187:Lutici 137:German 2785:Oliva 2716:Thorn 2654:Melno 2592:Kępno 2402:Poles 2342:Rugii 2332:Goths 1110:JSTOR 1039:JSTOR 996:(PDF) 873:Notes 516:Wends 274:Havel 250:Dahme 238:Nuthe 230:Spree 215:Avars 159:Wends 151:Marca 58:, or 2836:Kiel 2367:Rani 2216:and 1142:ISBN 1121:2020 1072:2020 1050:2020 1004:2020 969:ISBN 942:ISBN 921:2020 893:ISBN 719:Otto 561:The 508:Oder 492:and 482:Elbe 451:and 376:and 307:and 264:and 244:and 161:. A 127:The 1623:or 1102:doi 1031:doi 288:in 169:by 131:or 2986:: 1746:, 1741:, 1736:, 1176:. 1166:. 1108:. 1096:. 1092:. 1080:^ 1037:. 1027:83 1025:. 1021:. 983:^ 869:. 862:. 558:. 431:, 139:: 62:, 54:, 1850:) 1846:( 1751:) 1732:( 1217:e 1210:t 1203:v 1150:. 1123:. 1104:: 1098:9 1074:. 1052:. 1033:: 1006:. 977:. 950:. 923:. 901:. 205:( 135:( 119:( 98:) 92:( 87:) 83:( 69:. 34:. 20:)

Index

Margrave of the Nordmark
Nordmark (disambiguation)
list of references
related reading
external links
inline citations
improve
introducing
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Billung March
Saxon Eastern March
March of Lusatia
German
Marca Geronis
Brandenburg
Wends
Lutician
March of Brandenburg
Albert the Bear

Lutici
Migration Period
Germanic peoples
Slavic peoples
Veleti
Lutici
Avars
Moravia
Semnoni

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