328:
42:
168:
As a young man, Hay did not attend a university, but was self-educated, studying
Italian. He lived in Paris, but he returned to Scotland in 1907, joining the 3rd Battalion of the Gordon Highlanders as an officer and managing his estates. In 1911, he travelled to Ireland to gather information on the
160:
Malcolm Hay was born in London to James Gordon Hay and Mary
Catherine Cox, and was the grandson of Lieutenant-General James Hay (1786–1862) and Elizabeth Forbes. He had an elder brother, Gilbert, who died in infancy, and a younger brother, Cuthbert. At the age of two, James Gordon Hay died, and
161:
Malcolm inherited the estate. He was educated first at St Basil's grammar school at
Frognall Hill, and then at St John's, a Jesuit preparatory school near Windsor. Hay's mother died in 1892, and he was subsequently raised by his aunt Georgina Hay, a former abbess at
267:
after receiving numerous complaints from historians who believed the editors to have misjudged Hay. Clifford
Williamson (2016) notes that much of its negative reception came from the anti-Catholicism which Hay criticised, and that Catholic intellectuals such as
335:
In 1903, Hay married his first cousin
Florence de Thiene (d. 1943), and had four children. He married his second wife, writer, philanthropist and public speaker Alice Ivy Hay (née Wigmore) in 1956. After his death, she published his biography,
255:, and accused historians of distorting historical data to fit the notion of an independent Celtic Church which was the forerunner of the Presbyterian Church. The book proved controversial for its iconoclasm, and journals such as the
208:, the cryptography department in 1915. Although the department was small at the time, consisting of only three members, Hay greatly expanded it to include many professors and other intellectuals across the
299:
to the throne. The scandal resulted in the execution of 35 people, including the five Jesuit priests indicated in the title. The book was widely read and received many positive reviews in contrast to the
169:
Republican movement for
Parliament. He also engaged in politics, defending the Catholic Church's interests in Quebec. Unlike other members of his class, Hay was a liberal and a Scottish nationalist.
251:, which alleged that much of Scottish historiography at the time reflected severe anti-Catholic prejudices. In particular, he focused many of his arguments on the historiography of
228:
On the conclusion of the First World War, Hay returned to
Aberdeen; however, he also spent much of his time in London researching in the archives of the
263:
condemned it in equally controversial reviews. In July 1928, the
Scottish Historical Review was forced to publish an apology for its review of the
311:
greatly disturbed
Malcolm Hay, and he condemned the Pope for his silence on the genocide of the Jews. He became a Zionist, and wrote
193:, whose brother knew Hay, arranged for his release and he became the first British officer to be released and returned to the
595:
585:
600:
177:
Hay was transferred from the
Militia to the 1st Battalion of the Gordon Highlanders, and saw action early in the
354:
condition. Although the operation was successful, he died on December 27 from complications from the surgery.
590:
605:
17:
190:
260:
256:
216:. He also developed new codes for the British Army that remained in use until the beginning of the
545:
363:
213:
276:
for his contributions to Catholic historiography, where he presented the Pope with a copy of the
233:
384:
189:. His wound caused his right side to be paralysed, and he had to re-learn how to walk. In 1915,
513:
Britannica, T. Editors of Encyclopaedia. "Popish Plot." Encyclopedia Britannica, May 29, 2022.
428:
The Codebreakers: The Secret Intelligence Unit That Changed the Course of the First World War
292:
615:
610:
185:, he was severely wounded in the head and taken prisoner by the Germans and imprisoned at
8:
252:
272:
considered it to be an important work of scholarship. In 1931, Hay had an audience with
145:
137:
144:, a historian of Catholic and Jewish history, and the last Laird of Seaton House in
343:
In 1947, he sold the grounds of Seaton House to the City of Aberdeen, which became
296:
217:
165:
before the Franco-Prussian war, in France against the wishes of his father's will.
178:
141:
65:
514:
351:
347:. The abandoned house was severely damaged by fire and was demolished in 1963.
269:
237:
229:
209:
194:
182:
579:
331:
Plaque marking a fountain commemorating Malcolm and Alice Hay in Seaton Park.
316:
162:
41:
273:
236:, Bishop of Aberdeen, who allowed him access to the historical archives of
204:
After recovering from his wound, Hay joined the War Office as head of the
344:
288:
149:
291:, a nonexistent but widely believed Catholic conspiracy to assassinate
327:
308:
119:
James Malcolm Hay, Elizabeth Hay, Georgiana Hay, and Peter Brian Hay
186:
83:
484:. Bath, United Kingdom: Bath Spa University. pp. 171–187.
389:. London, United Kingdom: Neville Spearman. pp. 21–30
205:
95:
St Basil's grammar school, St John's preparatory school
419:
482:
The History of Catholic Intellectual Life in Scotland
350:
In September 1962, Hay underwent an operation for a
27:
British Army officer & cryptographer (1881-1962)
475:
473:
577:
470:
515:https://www.britannica.com/event/Popish-Plot
425:
495:"'A Chain of Error in Scottish History'".
40:
426:Wylie, James; McKinley, Michael (2016).
386:Valiant for Truth: Malcolm Hay of Seaton
326:
223:
136:(1881–1962) was an officer in the
376:
295:and to install his brother, the future
14:
578:
127:James Gordon Hay and Elizabeth Forbes
479:
458:Wyllie and McKinley 2016, pp. 50-51.
249:A Chain of Error in Scottish History
148:. The grounds of the estate are now
382:
24:
197:in the war. In 1916, he published
172:
134:Major Malcolm Vivian Hay of Seaton
34:Major Malcolm Vivian Hay of Seaton
25:
627:
111:Florence de Thiene, Alice Ivy Hay
322:
563:
538:
529:
520:
507:
488:
285:The Jesuits and the Popish Plot
240:. Hay published the archive as
461:
452:
443:
434:
410:
401:
13:
1:
480:Williamson, Clifford (2016).
369:
199:Wounded and a Prisoner of War
155:
140:, a cryptographer during the
7:
596:Gordon Highlanders officers
430:. Random House. p. 50.
357:
287:, which centred around the
103:Cryptographer and historian
10:
632:
497:Scottish Historical Review
261:Scottish Historical Review
201:based on his experiences.
46:Malcolm Vivian Hay in 1914
257:Times Literary Supplement
123:
115:
107:
99:
91:
72:
51:
39:
32:
586:Scottish Roman Catholics
364:World War I cryptography
214:United States of America
191:Evelyn, Princess Blücher
383:Hay, Alice Ivy (1971).
283:In 1934, Hay published
247:In 1927, Hay published
232:. He befriended Bishop
601:British cryptographers
526:Hay 1971, pp. 123-125.
503:(100): 379. July 1928.
332:
550:Gazeteer for Scotland
330:
315:about the history of
293:Charles II of England
224:Career as a historian
591:People from Aberdeen
416:Hay 1971, pp. 42-51.
606:Scottish historians
313:Europe and the Jews
253:Celtic Christianity
181:in Belgium. At the
569:Hay 1971, 185-186.
535:Hay 1971, 142-163.
333:
146:Aberdeen, Scotland
138:Gordon Highlanders
338:Valiant for Truth
242:The Blairs Papers
131:
130:
16:(Redirected from
623:
570:
567:
561:
560:
558:
556:
542:
536:
533:
527:
524:
518:
511:
505:
504:
492:
486:
485:
477:
468:
467:Hay 1971, 90-91.
465:
459:
456:
450:
449:Hay 1971, 58-70.
447:
441:
438:
432:
431:
423:
417:
414:
408:
405:
399:
398:
396:
394:
380:
297:James II and VII
218:Second World War
79:
76:27 December 1962
61:
59:
44:
30:
29:
21:
631:
630:
626:
625:
624:
622:
621:
620:
576:
575:
574:
573:
568:
564:
554:
552:
544:
543:
539:
534:
530:
525:
521:
512:
508:
494:
493:
489:
478:
471:
466:
462:
457:
453:
448:
444:
439:
435:
424:
420:
415:
411:
407:Hay 1971, 31-41
406:
402:
392:
390:
381:
377:
372:
360:
325:
226:
212:as well as the
179:First World War
175:
173:First World War
158:
142:First World War
87:
81:
77:
68:
66:London, England
63:
62:21 January 1881
57:
55:
47:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
629:
619:
618:
613:
608:
603:
598:
593:
588:
572:
571:
562:
537:
528:
519:
506:
487:
469:
460:
451:
442:
433:
418:
409:
400:
374:
373:
371:
368:
367:
366:
359:
356:
352:prostate gland
324:
321:
302:Chain of Error
278:Chain of Error
270:Hilaire Belloc
265:Chain of Error
238:Blairs College
234:George Bennett
230:British Museum
225:
222:
210:United Kingdom
195:United Kingdom
183:Battle of Mons
174:
171:
157:
154:
129:
128:
125:
121:
120:
117:
113:
112:
109:
105:
104:
101:
97:
96:
93:
89:
88:
82:
80:(aged 81)
74:
70:
69:
64:
53:
49:
48:
45:
37:
36:
33:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
628:
617:
614:
612:
609:
607:
604:
602:
599:
597:
594:
592:
589:
587:
584:
583:
581:
566:
551:
547:
546:"Seaton Park"
541:
532:
523:
516:
510:
502:
498:
491:
483:
476:
474:
464:
455:
446:
440:Hay 1971, 51.
437:
429:
422:
413:
404:
388:
387:
379:
375:
365:
362:
361:
355:
353:
348:
346:
341:
339:
329:
323:Personal life
320:
318:
317:anti-Semitism
314:
310:
305:
303:
298:
294:
290:
286:
281:
279:
275:
271:
266:
262:
258:
254:
250:
245:
243:
239:
235:
231:
221:
219:
215:
211:
207:
202:
200:
196:
192:
188:
184:
180:
170:
166:
164:
153:
151:
147:
143:
139:
135:
126:
122:
118:
114:
110:
106:
102:
100:Occupation(s)
98:
94:
90:
85:
75:
71:
67:
54:
50:
43:
38:
31:
19:
565:
553:. Retrieved
549:
540:
531:
522:
509:
500:
496:
490:
481:
463:
454:
445:
436:
427:
421:
412:
403:
391:. Retrieved
385:
378:
349:
342:
337:
334:
312:
306:
301:
284:
282:
277:
274:Pope Pius XI
264:
248:
246:
241:
227:
203:
198:
176:
167:
159:
133:
132:
78:(1962-12-27)
616:1962 deaths
611:1881 births
345:Seaton Park
340:, in 1971.
319:in Europe.
289:Popish Plot
150:Seaton Park
18:Malcolm Hay
580:Categories
370:References
156:Early life
86:, Scotland
58:1881-01-21
555:13 August
393:13 August
309:Holocaust
244:in 1929.
124:Parent(s)
108:Spouse(s)
92:Education
358:See also
259:and the
187:Wurzburg
116:Children
84:Aberdeen
206:MI1(b)
163:Sedan
557:2023
395:2023
307:The
73:Died
52:Born
582::
548:.
501:25
499:.
472:^
304:.
280:.
220:.
152:.
559:.
517:.
397:.
60:)
56:(
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
