174:
370:
Syllables are commonly CV; some are CVC. Epenthetic vowels are often inserted between series of two consonants, and echo vowels are often added to the end of phonological phrases.
1338:
572:
Makalero does not have a definitive noun/verb distinction. Nearly all content words can be heads of NPs as well as predicates. In the following examples,
1331:
1165:
259:
Makalero has five vowel phonemes. Most long vowels occur in predictable contexts; thus Huber argues long vowels are marginal phonemes at best.
1324:
1645:
1158:
717:
Makalero has only avalent verbs and divalent verbs. There are no trivalent verbs; instead, biclausal constructions are used.
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88:
51:
Timor Island, eastern end around Baucau and inland, west of
Fataluku, from northern to southern coast in a dialect chain.
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243:, but is nowadays seen as a separate language, both by its speakers and linguists.
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1103:
Huber, Juliette (2017). "5. Makalero and
Makasae". In Schapper, Antoinette (ed.).
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Content words must be bimoraic, unlike function words, which may be monomoraic.
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1107:. Pacific Linguistics 655. Vol. 2. Walter de Gruyter. pp. 267–351.
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189:
1464:
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LNK1:linker 1 RED:reduced NSIT:new situation RDL:reduplicant BD:bound form
452:
1143:
148:
290:
273:
263:
751:
Divalent verbs allow for a subject and either an object or complement.
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41:
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460:
319:
157:
141:
418:
178:
Distribution of
Makalero mother-tongue speakers in East Timor
173:
127:
1076:
A grammar of
Makalero - A Papuan language of East Timor
1078:(Doctoral thesis). Utrecht: LOT (Leiden University).
564:
All information in this section is from Huber 2011.
1346:
239:. It was previously considered to be a dialect of
1637:
251:The data in this section are from Huber (2017).
1105:The Papuan Languages of Timor, Alor and Pantar
827:
780:
770:
720:The avalent verbs are adverbial verbs such as
584:
1332:
1159:
1048:
1046:
1044:
1042:
1040:
1173:
702:
378:Makalero has 11 native consonant phonemes.
1339:
1325:
1166:
1152:
1028:
1026:
1024:
698:3:POSS-ill=DEF NSIT 3:UND-on.top:RED-go.up
172:
1083:
1037:
649:
609:
588:
1021:
14:
1638:
1320:
1147:
1102:
1073:
1052:
1032:
663:
599:
567:
673:
645:
848:
24:
852:
25:
1662:
1131:
677:
576:can be a predicate or a nominal.
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838:
653:
1348:West Trans–New Guinea languages
681:
636:'my belly did not hurt anymore'
13:
1:
1066:
373:
27:Papuan language of East Timor
868:1S take=LNK1 RDL-good-see:BD
246:
7:
875:
10:
1667:
811:In the following example,
754:In the following example,
712:
633:1S:POSS-belly NSIT NEG ill
559:
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1525:
1487:
1478:
1450:
1412:
1354:
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1202:
1181:
1113:10.1515/9781614519027-005
701:'His illness got worse' (
630:asi-atupusi hai nomo isit
254:
183:
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155:
139:
134:
118:
113:
65:
55:
47:
37:
32:
1646:Oirata–Makasai languages
1074:Huber, Juliette (2011).
1014:
695:Ki-isit=ee hai k-ua-misa
1651:Languages of East Timor
1175:Languages of East Timor
1140:at The Language Archive
865:Ani mei=ni rau-rau-kena
871:'I see it very well'
819:is the complement.
815:is the subject and
758:is the subject and
740:'for a long time,'
728:'a long time ago,'
383:
382:Consonant phonemes
267:
199: /
120:Recognised minority
1203:National languages
1182:Official languages
744:'last night,' and
568:Lexical Categories
381:
262:
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1480:Timor–Alor–Pantar
1364:Grand Valley Dani
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1313:
1294:Working languages
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1011:
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556:
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367:
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217:
203:8.650°S 126.500°E
89:Timor–Alor–Pantar
61:8,000 (2017)
16:(Redirected from
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920:ruu resi lolitu
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77:Trans–New Guinea
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18:Makalero dialect
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906:ruu resi loloi
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229:Papuan language
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184:Coordinates:
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94:Eastern Timor
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83:West Bomberai
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54:
50:
46:
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19:
1414:Paniai Lakes
1399:Western Dani
1104:
1075:
1061:
1053:Huber (2011)
1033:Huber (2017)
892:ruu resi nu
870:
867:
864:
860:
858:
847:
845:rau-rau-kena
844:
836:
833:
826:
823:
816:
812:
810:
807:'He beat me'
806:
803:
800:
796:
794:
789:
786:
779:
776:
769:
766:
759:
755:
753:
750:
745:
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737:
736:'tomorrow,'
733:
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235:district of
224:
220:
219:
156:
98:
1527:Alor–Pantar
581:asi-atupusi
264:Monophthong
206: /
1640:Categories
1489:East Timor
1306:Indonesian
1189:Portuguese
1085:1887/17684
1067:References
851:-good-see:
804:3S 1S beat
642:Ki-isit=ee
374:Consonants
237:East Timor
128:East Timor
42:East Timor
1250:Kawaimina
748:'maybe.'
724:'first,'
670:k-ua-misa
461:Fricative
266:phonemes
247:Phonology
158:Glottolog
142:ISO 639-3
1595:Nedebang
1502:Makalero
1497:Fataluku
1280:Tokodede
1260:Makalero
1230:Fataluku
876:Numerals
680:-on.top:
402:alveolar
395:Alveolar
221:Makalero
194:126°30′E
165:makl1245
99:Makalero
79: ?
33:Makalero
1585:Wersing
1507:Makasae
1301:English
1265:Makasae
1245:Idalaka
1215:Baikeno
1138:Makasai
1004:ruru-u
914:lolitu
817:rau-rau
734:kamunei
732:'now,'
722:atanana
713:Valency
560:Grammar
537:Lateral
419:Plosive
412:Glottal
279:Central
241:Makasae
225:Maklere
85: ?
1614:Others
1580:Sawila
1555:Kamang
1545:Blagar
1517:Rusenu
1512:Oirata
1442:Wolani
1384:Silimo
1275:Mambai
1270:Makuva
1235:Galoli
1220:Bekais
1210:Atauru
1119:
1092:
956:douhu
928:faata
900:loloi
861:
834:mei=ni
797:
742:raine’
726:hana’e
691:
684:-go.up
626:
591:-belly
390:Labial
255:Vowels
233:Lautém
191:8°39′S
48:Region
1621:Bunak
1600:Teiwa
1590:Kaera
1575:Retta
1550:Kafoa
1540:Adang
1470:Karas
1460:Baham
1432:Ekari
1389:Walak
1379:Nggem
1374:Nduga
1369:Hupla
1285:Hakka
1255:Kemak
1240:Habun
1225:Bunak
1194:Tetum
1015:Notes
992:siwa
968:fitu
942:lima
837:take=
767:Kiloo
756:Kiloo
746:tone’
738:mu’it
730:aire’
652:-ill=
515:Trill
488:Nasal
407:Velar
400:Post-
291:Close
274:Front
227:is a
1570:Kula
1560:Klon
1535:Abui
1437:Moni
1422:Auye
1404:Yali
1394:Wano
1356:Dani
1117:ISBN
1090:ISBN
980:afo
886:unu
839:LNK1
790:beat
787:pase
703:lit.
664:NSIT
650:POSS
616:isit
606:nomo
600:NSIT
589:POSS
574:isit
349:Open
284:Back
1565:Kui
1465:Iha
1427:Dao
1109:doi
1080:hdl
1001:10
945:15
931:14
917:13
903:12
889:11
849:RDL
824:Ani
813:ani
777:ani
760:ani
682:RED
678:UND
660:hai
654:DEF
619:ill
610:NEG
596:hai
320:Mid
223:or
149:mjb
1642::
1115:.
1088:.
1039:^
1023:^
989:9
977:8
965:7
953:6
939:5
925:4
911:3
897:2
883:1
853:BD
828:1S
781:1S
771:3S
585:1S
439:dĚ
362:)
360:a:
343:)
341:o:
331:)
329:e:
314:)
312:u:
302:)
300:i:
1340:e
1333:t
1326:v
1167:e
1160:t
1153:v
1125:.
1111::
1098:.
1082::
676::
674:3
648::
646:3
587::
545:l
523:r
501:n
494:m
474:s
467:f
453:Ę”
446:k
432:t
425:p
358:(
356:a
339:(
337:o
327:(
325:e
310:(
308:u
298:(
296:i
20:)
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