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Over the years, Madge wrote many letters to her younger sister Katie describing her work and travels but did not ask her to keep these. Had the letters, postcards and notes been saved, they would have represented a useful record. Another disappointment to those hoping for contemporary records lies in
Elizabeth Smart's published diaries in which Smart wrote only a small amount about the happenings, places and people she met on the tour around the world with Madge Watt. The first detailed biography was published in 2015. Author L.M. Ambrose had to employ sophisticated detective skills to obtain the comprehensive material discussed in the book.
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by Madge Watt. The plaque was dedicated to the rural women of Canada and the United States of
America. In the 1950s, it was taken down when bridge repairs were undertaken but was then misplaced. Members of the Federation of Women's Institutes of Ontario were eventually successful in finding it and having it re-installed and re-dedicated at the ACWW 23rd Triennial Conference in June, 2001. The ceremony included a re-enactment of Madge's 1936 speech.
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189:, when the land was opened to pioneer farming These Scottish pioneers contributed to Madge's genetic makeup, evidenced by her traits of stamina, determination, and persistence. These, combined with her ability to draw women together to develop and advance a common cause, led to her future success as an inspired organizer of Women's Institutes, following the founding of that organization by
351:, to mark her on-going support for continuing education for all WI members who wished it. Denman College's success has, in a way, its beginning in the First Women's Institute school in 1918, designed and presented by Madge Watt. Like Denman, Madge often expressed her faith in women's abilities to learn and to use their knowledge to help themselves, their families and their communities.
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was a builder who believed in the power of women working together regardless of race, religion or nationality. She believed in women's rights to higher education, access to careers, and opportunities to express their own individuality through use of their skills and talents. She helped many women broaden their horizons without upsetting their family connections or breaking their ties.
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At a square metre in size, this handsome plaque was somewhat overpowering in appearance, compared to the modest building behind it. The home owner asked that it be installed in a more appropriate place. It was taken down and stored, but later could not be located. In 1990, a new plaque dedicated to
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The resulting conference was held in London, England, and provided opportunities for rural women to articulate their views and find commonality across many countries. Many of the same women met again in 2 years' time to continue planning an international organization. In 1933, representatives of 28
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As author Jane
Robinson has stated: "It is clear that at certain periods in its history the Women's Institute appears to have lost its way. No doubt there are problems ahead. But it was never in danger of collapsing, and it won’t for a very long time because, at its core, working quietly and behind
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and that ACWW representatives speak at international meetings held to decide how rural families can be helped. The ACWW's current UN status is entirely in keeping with Madge's insistence that women should make their own rules, rather than conforming to those set by men. The resulting strength of the
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Another plaque that played a disappearing act was installed in the middle of the Peace Bridge between Canada and the United States of
America in 1936. Following the ACWW Third World Conference held in Washington, the delegates went to the Bridge and held an unveiling ceremony complete with a speech
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Madge was a visionary who believed that women could, and should, show leadership and help other women realize their potential for good. She did not claim to be the sole founder of the
Associated Country Women of the World nor a founder of the Women's Institutes. She was a good communicator and had
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Although Madge Watt had begun her adult career as the writer, Madge
Robertson, she never wrote her own story. She was not a person who gathered things for herself. Except for a short period following World War 1, she lived on very little money and moved from one set of rented quarters to another.
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On Madge's return to
British Columbia in 1919, she became involved with British Columbia Women's Institutes and was again appointed to the Women's Institute Advisory Board, this time as president. Madge organized the first British Columbia Women's Institute Provincial Convention. She ensured that,
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She developed and presented the first Women's
Institute School in Sussex in 1918. The School's aim was to interest and begin to train good administrative staff who would continue to bring on new groups. She wanted women to realize their own talents and skills for this type of work. In her history
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Madge Watt believed in ‘supportive sisters’ and knew that women could contribute to a better world. Her vision of women coming together in their own villages and working on common goals, both locally and internationally, far transcended her well-documented character faults and idiosyncrasies. She
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Madge cooperated and collaborated with many women to dream the dream of an international rural women's organization. She had good ideas that could help the organization become known to women in many countries. These ideas could become expensive, such as the writing, editing and production of an
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Madge was a good speaker and able to put her points across clearly. Audience members sometimes said they felt as if she was speaking directly to each individual. Madge continued encouraging women to set up and work within Women's
Institutes and helped train workers to carry on the administrative
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Under the name 'Mrs Alfred Watt', the
Canadian government honoured Madge and the ACWW by issuing a Canadian postage stamp in 1959. The stamp, designed by Helen Fitzgerald Bacon, depicts a kneeling woman tending a green tree surmounted by a globe. Forming the border on three sides are the words,
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With others, Madge founded the Associated Country Women of the World in 1933 to take the concepts to other countries. She recognized that a number of other countries had organizations somewhat similar to the Women's Institutes but, in many cases, these groups required stronger leadership and/or
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The International Council of Women thought their organization could have a rural women's branch and encouraged its formation. Madge, with others, thought through the implications and eventually decided that a truly independent body was needed. Although a great deal of talk and some personality
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accepted the presidency of the newly established National Federation of Woman's Institutes (NFWI) in the United Kingdom. She, like Madge Watt, was a strong believer in women's abilities to develop leadership and organizational skills. In the years after World War 1, the WI offerings gradually
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appeared in a smaller, less costly format. Because it filled a need, publication of the magazine has continued and is a part of ACWW media today. The organization also needed a logo, so Madge persuaded her older son Robin, who was an artist, to design the ACWW badge. In 1936, he created the
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a strong personality that tended to outshine other members at certain times. The work of the ACWW would never have progressed as it has without many important contributions to its foundation, such as those made by Mrs Godfrey Drage (Finance) and Miss Elsie Zimmern (Secretary) from 1927 on.
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broke out, many men left their jobs to join the army and navy, so farm and village women had to do the work they had left behind. Madge realized that a concerted, effective agricultural effort was needed in the country and set about spreading the concepts of Women's Institutes.
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Jane Robinson described the trials and tribulations that the NFWI experienced while finding, and funding, a permanent home for their popular short courses. When Lady Denman retired in 1946 as the NFWI President, she agreed to the members' proposal to name their new building
182:, on June 4, 1868. Her father was Henry Robertson Q.C. (1840-1923), son of John and Catherine Robertson of Hamilton. Her mother Bethia (1844-1893) was the daughter of John and Margaret Climie Rose of Bradford. Both parents were Canadian-born children of Scottish emigrants.
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She received the Order of Agricultural Merit conferred by the governments of France and Belgium. Jean M. Robinson reports that she gained the cooperation of French and Belgian women in spite of their aversion to sharing recipes with anyone, not even their best friends.
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degree. She earned her living as a Canadian writer, editor, and reviewer in the years between 1890 and 1907. Writing under the name of Madge Robertson, she had many articles published by newspapers and magazines, such as the University of Toronto's
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clashes caused difficulties around this idea, Madge was noted for being able to keep her train of thought and talk above the hubbub. She worked with the International Council of Women's president, Lady Aberdeen, and with its general secretary,
236:. Ambrose & Hall (2007) hail her as an example of a New Woman because, in her writings, she used ideas from emerging feminist thought. She also recognized that most women saw such ideas as being distant from basic family life and ties.
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Although a believer in marriage reform, Madge became engaged to, and then married, Alfred Tennyson Watt, M.D., and bore two sons, Henry Robertson (Robin) in 1896 and Hugh Sholto (Sholto) in 1906. She continued her writing in William Head,
391:, to consolidate work done at previous meetings. They agreed on the official name for their new world-wide organization for rural women and also agreed on methods of financing, an important part of assuring their future independence.
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changed into adult education short courses to meet their members' needs. These overnight educationals became well attended once WW2 had ended but the demand for them out-grew the accommodation that could be hired to present them.
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the Associated Country Women of the World was placed near the Collingwood Museum. This plaque disappeared after being damaged. A replacement plaque installed several years later on the grounds of that Museum is still displayed.
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clearer goals. The Women's Institute mission and goals appealed to them, so the women of these countries joined together under the auspices of the Associated Countrywomen of the World and spread the movement around the world.
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The ideas around Women's Institutes needed the right time and place to take root. With World War I already underway, Madge Watt had the determination and stamina to keep bringing WI concepts to everyone's attention until the
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Thus, The Associated Countrywomen of the World was launched at Stockholm, Sweden. A famous photograph of Madge showed her standing beside a blackboard at this conference with the title of the organization written in
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431:. To help this idea happen quickly, she persuaded her son Sholto to use his skills as a journalist to edit the first few issues. When the nascent organization could not afford to publish an expensive version,
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As Chief Organizer of WIs in Great Britain during World War I, Mrs Watt helped bring over 100 Institutes into being within three years. In this picture, she wears the uniform for Voluntary County Organizers.
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had already visited London and spoken about Women's Institutes, the movement she had founded after her son died from drinking contaminated milk. The first group of women met together in the Ontario town of
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In 1958, the Ontario Government honoured Madge and the Associated Country Women of the World by installing a plaque at the front of the small house in which people thought she had been born in Collingwood.
411:. Madge became its first president and remained in that position until she retired in 1947. In 1936, she traveled around the world and visited many Women's Institutes in a number of countries.
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She liked "Madge" as the short name for Margaret and used it all her life. She also liked short hair and wore hers that way in spite of the fashion in her early life that dictated otherwise.
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the scenes, are the women for whom and by whom it was created... supportive ‘sisters’ are still meeting together in villages and towns across the country to make the world a better place."
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an avenue of lime trees in the grounds of Denman College (the National Federation Of Women's Institutes' short-stay residential college), Oxfordshire, paid for by donations by WI members,
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ACWW organization lies in its emphasis on women's wellbeing through education and learning, resulting in the wellbeing of their families and thus of the nation in which they live.
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The British Columbia Women's Institutes unveiled a plaque at Colwood, BC, on August 14, 2015, eight years after the Canadian Government formally recognized Madge Watt's work.
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of women leaders of the ACWW, Jean M. Robinson reproduced an excerpt from the first Women's Institute School manual, which may have been the words that Madge actually spoke:
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This provides for everyone. I explain the glorious unity of the Women's Institute Organization, and then how the home is the beginning of all that the country will be.
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writer, editor and activist. She was a woman of great energy and drive who believed strongly in the power exerted by women working together. She is known to members of
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281:, Canada in 1897. Other WIs formed in Ontario soon after, especially as Hoodless was a good speaker and could inspire women to set up their own small WIs . In 1899,
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The ideas behind WI 'schools' helped sustain the training of leaders and administrators, although the short courses ran for many years on a shoestring. In 1917,
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side of the organization. As a superlative organizer, she helped set up the first 100 Institutes and was Chief Organizer under the Board of Agriculture.
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Robinson, Jean M. "Three women of B.C. and The A.C.W.W." A project of Shirley Women's Institute Historical Research Group - 1990 - inside front page
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well-known logo, depicted as the 4 compass points, with 2 green circles symbolizing friendship, surrounded by green, the 'carpet' of the Earth.
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Long-lost Associated Country Women of the World plaque formerly installed outside the Collingwood house thought to be Madge's 1868 birthplace.
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The Federation of Women's Institutes of Canada has since replaced this marker with a stone bearing the ACWW logo and a commemorative message.
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Lamb, B. (ed) 2004 "Working with women worldwide Highlights of 75 years of the ACWW", London: Associated Country Women of the World, p. 12
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and was enthusiastic about the usefulness of such a women's organization. But English women were not willing to take it on at that time.
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Ambrose, L.M. "A great rural sisterhood: Madge Robertson Watt & the ACWW, University of Toronto Press, 2015, 978-1-4426-1579-3, p.220
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Ambrose, L.M. "A great rural sisterhood Madge Robertson Watt and the ACWW", University of Toronto Press, 2015, 978-1-4426-1579-3, p. 231.
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Robinson, Jean M. "Three women of B.C. and The A.C.W.W." A project of Shirley Women's Institute Historical Research Group - 1990 - p 38
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Robinson, Jean M. "Three women of B.C. and the A.C.W.W." A project of Shirley Women's Institute Historical Research Group, 1990, p. 35.
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British Columbia WI historian Ruth Fenner notes that the Associated Country Women of the World now have non-governmental status at the
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Robinson, Jean M. "Three women of B.C. and The A.C.W.W." A project of Shirley Women's Institute Historical Research Group - 1990 - p.i
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by the Canadian government in 2007. A plaque honoring this designation was unveiled at Colwood, British Columbia on August 14, 2015.
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Lamb, B. (ed.) "Working with women worldwide: Highlights of 75 years of ACWW", The Associated Country Women of the World, 2004, p 8.
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Lamb, B. "Working with women worldwide Highlights of 75 years of ACWW". The Associated Country Women of the World. 2004. Pp. 11-2.
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a memorial picnic shelter in the International Peace Gardens near the Canada–US border, erected by the Manitoba Women's Institutes.
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Ambrose, L.M. "A great rural sisterhood Madge Robertson Watt and the ACWW", University of Toronto Press, 2015, 978-1-4426-1579-3
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Robinson, Jean M. "Three women of B.C. and the A.C.W.W.", Shirley Women's Institute Historical Research Group, p. 36
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Van Wart, Alice (ed) "Necessary secrets The first volume of Elizabeth Smart's journals" Paladin - 1992 - pp 93-159
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from 1924, delegates to the convention rather than government appointees would constitute future Boards.
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When Dr Watt died suddenly in 1913, Madge took her two sons to England to complete their education. When
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Robinson, Jane, "A force to be reckoned with A history of the Women's Institute", Virago Press, 2011,
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Robinson, Jane,"A force to be reckoned with A history of the Women's Institute", Virago Press, 2011,
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Robinson, Jane,"A force to be reckoned with A history of the Women's Institute", Virago Press, 2011,
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Robinson, Jane,"A force to be reckoned with A history of the Women's Institute", Virago Press, 2011,
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Her forebears had all emigrated to Simcoe District (now County), Ontario, in the years following the
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movement to Britain in 1914. She is remembered internationally as one of the founding members of the
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A new woman in print and practice: The Canadian literary career of Madge Robertson Watt
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Madge belonged to a number of women's organizations from time to time, including the
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in 1919 for her work in helping establish Women's Institutes in the United Kingdom.
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a flowering crabapple tree in Beacon Hill Park, Victoria, Vancouver Island,
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I always tell them, in getting out a programme, to remember these points:
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in the United Kingdom for introducing the concepts and practices of the
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Something to hear. Something to see. Something to do.
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291:
279:Stoney Creek
269:
267:
254:
238:
233:
229:
225:
221:
206:
195:
184:
175:
173:
142:
141:
75:June 4, 1868
29:Madge Kendal
888:1948 deaths
883:1868 births
688:, pp 203-9.
369:rural women
257:World War I
222:The Varsity
187:War of 1812
113:Nationality
862:Categories
815:, pp 29-31
559:References
93:1948-11-29
71:1868-06-04
613:1890-1907
447:, during
422:ACWW logo
385:Stockholm
230:The Globe
193:in 1897.
166:in 1933.
123:Education
604:Archived
472:George V
470:by King
453:Montreal
152:Canadian
117:Canadian
107:, Canada
101:Montreal
81:, Canada
798:, p 260
409:Swedish
397:English
287:England
811:
794:
684:
649:
405:German
401:French
389:Sweden
224:, the
133:Spouse
105:Quebec
809:ISBN
792:ISBN
682:ISBN
647:ISBN
407:and
87:Died
65:Born
178:in
147:MBE
42:MBE
864::
693:^
624:^
615:,
611:,
403:,
399:,
387:,
301:.
103:,
95:)
91:(
73:)
69:(
31:.
20:)
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