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and other advanced features. New features were added more rapidly than they could be completed, and the completion date slipped into the future with no sign of a release. In 1996, Apple canceled the project outright and sought a suitable third-party replacement. Copland development ended in August
87:
system, that eliminated many of the technical challenges that the classic Mac OS faced, such as problems with memory management. The current macOS is pre-installed with every Mac and receives a major update annually. It is the basis of Apple's current system software for its other devices –
610:
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platform, and thus
Macintosh computers. In mid 1998, the community-led MkLinux Developers Association took over development of the operating system. MkLinux is short for "Microkernel Linux", which refers to its adaptation of the monolithic
775:
version of the system was released in 1999 as a technology preview. It was followed by several more official server-based releases. Server functionality has instead been offered as an add-on for the desktop system since 2011.
826:
for the
Macintosh. It is a single "overdesigned" hardware platform on which third-party vendors build practically any product, reducing the otherwise heavy workload of developing a
107:
Prior to the introduction of Mac OS X, Apple experimented with several other concepts, releasing different products designed to bring the
Macintosh interface or applications to
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1144:
1162:
1101:, and new underlying operating system features, yet still be compatible with existing Mac software. They originally planned the follow-up release Gershwin to add
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1158:
860:. It was not very competitive for its time, due in part to the crowded UNIX market and Macintosh hardware lacking high-end design features present on
2054:
763:
macOS 10.16's version number was updated to 11.0 in the third beta. The third beta version of macOS Big Sur is 11.0 Beta 3 instead of 10.16 Beta 3.
638:. Since then, several more versions adding newer features and technologies have been released. Since 2011, new releases have been offered annually.
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shortly in the 1990s. It was noted for its ease of use, and also criticized for its lack of modern technologies compared to its competitors.
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Nine major versions of the classic Mac OS were released. The name "Classic" that now signifies the system as a whole is a reference to
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75:, originally named Mac OS X until 2012 and then OS X until 2016. It was developed between 1997 and 2001 after Apple's purchase of
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1019:, running smoothly. The project was canceled one year later in early 1993, but was partially reused when porting the Mac OS to
123:. Apple's effort to expand upon and develop a replacement for its classic Mac OS in the 1990s led to a few cancelled projects,
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987:(as in "to boldly go where no Mac has gone before") was a secret prototype beginning in 1992, to port the classic Mac OS to
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366:. It was originally named "System Software", or simply "System"; Apple rebranded it as "Mac OS" in 1996 due in part to its
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Although the classic Mac OS and macOS (Mac OS X) have different architectures, they share a common set of
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personal computers. In partnership with Apple and with support from Intel, the project was instigated by
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and the company producing it. Started as the Pink project within Apple to provide a replacement for the
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64:. The system, rebranded Mac OS in 1997, was pre-installed on every Macintosh until 2002 and offered on
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design. Initial versions of the System
Software run one application at a time. System 5 introduced
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Before the arrival of the
Macintosh in 1984, Apple's history of operating systems began with its
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technology from the late 1980s until early 1997, when Apple purchased the company and its CEO
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as the current Mac operating system that officially succeeded the classic Mac OS in 2001.
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392:, allowing larger programs. Later updates to the System 7 enable the transition to the
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Barbou des Places, François; Stephen, Nick; Reynolds, Franklin D. (January 12, 1996).
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The system was launched as Mac OS X, renamed OS X from 2012—2016, and then renamed
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and MS-DOS. A team consisting of four from Apple and four from Novell was got the
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65:
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789:– later called "OS X Server" and "macOS Server", released between 2001 and 2022.
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The system was originally marketed as simply "version 10" of Mac OS, but it has
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902:-style graphical user interface. The last version, MAE 3.0, is compatible with
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The first version of the system was released on March 24, 2001, supporting the
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273:
57:
33:
1072:. Apple pulled out of the project in 1995 before the code had been delivered.
1068:. The development process never worked, and has been cited as an example of a
32:"Mac OS" redirects here. For the now classic OS, formerly named that way, see
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890:(MAE) is a software package introduced by Apple in 1994 that allows certain
331:
is the original
Macintosh operating system introduced in 1984 alongside the
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macOS is the basis for some of Apple's other operating systems, including
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894:-based computer workstations to run Macintosh applications. MAE uses the
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was released in 2020 to introduce the current design iteration of macOS.
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834:. The first version of the system was ready for use in February 1988.
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In 1984, Apple debuted the operating system that is now known as the
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Stanford
University Libraries & Academic Information Resources
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Apple launched several new operating systems based on the core of
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indicate discontinued products, services, or defunct companies.
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1996, and in
December 1996, Apple announced that it was buying
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Even Steve Jobs still says "ecks" instead of "ten" sometimes.
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Gruman, Galen (November 1997). "Why Apple Pulled the Plug".
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with the Mac OS GUI as a mutual response to the monopoly of
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was a project at Apple to create an updated version of the
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76:
1676:"Apple Computer, Inc. Agrees to Acquire NeXT Software Inc"
8441:
6875:
6304:
5350:
4938:
4800:
4195:
2483:
2244:
1646:"macOS version 10.12 Sierra on Intel-based Mac computers"
1053:
992:
681:– version 10.6, publicly unveiled on Monday, June 8, 2009
582:
571:
567:
258:
89:
3169:
1977:
651:– codenamed "Puma", released Tuesday, September 25, 2001
645:– codenamed "Cheetah", released Saturday, March 24, 2001
1286:"Three things OS X could learn from the Classic Mac OS"
1060:, with the purpose of building a competing platform to
711:– version 10.11, released Wednesday, September 30, 2015
1757:"Inside the Macintosh Coprocessor Platform and A/ROSE"
1775:
822:
which runs on the
Macintosh Coprocessor Platform, an
717:– version 10.12, released Tuesday, September 20, 2016
4337:
1466:
1464:
729:– version 10.14, released Monday, September 24, 2018
723:– version 10.13, released Monday, September 25, 2017
705:– version 10.10, released Thursday, October 16, 2014
1727:"Apple Releases Developer Preview of Mac OS X Lion"
856:, which is a UNIX operating system with the Mac OS
79:. It brought an entirely new architecture based on
1906:
1874:"Star Trek: Apple's First Mac OS on Intel Project"
1052:, it was later spun off into a joint venture with
759:- version 14, released Tuesday, September 26, 2023
741:– version 11, released Thursday, November 12, 2020
699:– version 10.9, released Tuesday, October 22, 2013
544:returned to Apple. Precursors to Mac OS X include
1898:
1668:
1461:
735:– version 10.15, released Monday, October 7, 2019
693:– version 10.8, released Wednesday, July 25, 2012
687:– version 10.7, released Wednesday, July 20, 2011
675:– version 10.5, released Friday, October 26, 2007
663:– version 10.3, released Friday, October 24, 2003
8496:
1986:"Lessons Learned: IT's Biggest Project Failures"
1638:
657:– version 10.2, released Friday, August 23, 2002
6293:
1834:
864:-class computers. Most of its sales was to the
753:– version 13, released Monday, October 24, 2022
747:– version 12, released Monday, October 25, 2021
669:– version 10.4, released Friday, April 29, 2005
39:For a list of all Apple operating systems, see
2062:
917:systems. It was discontinued on May 14, 1998.
7983:
5941:
5298:
4450:
4323:
3185:
2762:
2048:
1865:
1784:"Apple finally gets Unix right with A/UX 3.0"
1138:
4794:
1536:. Vol. 14, no. 11. pp. 31–36.
816:Apple Real-time Operating System Environment
495:
7990:
7976:
5948:
5934:
5305:
5291:
4330:
4316:
3192:
3178:
2769:
2755:
2724:
2055:
2041:
1523:
1497:
1315:
1313:
1145:
1131:
335:and remained in primary use on Macs until
4361:
1951:
1904:
1572:
1505:"The Macintosh Product Introduction Plan"
1470:
943:operating system that was started by the
1959:Apple surrenders the Pink (to Microsoft)
1355:
608:
505:
423:
412:, and susceptibility to conflicts among
396:architecture. The system was considered
315:
8525:Macintosh operating systems development
5118:
1939:from the original on September 20, 2019
1548:"A Brief History of the Classic Mac OS"
1310:
1298:from the original on September 24, 2016
1252:History of the graphical user interface
491:– final major version, released in 1999
373:Classic Mac OS is characterized by its
14:
8497:
5155:
5036:
1983:
1871:
1853:from the original on February 11, 2012
1707:from the original on February 19, 2013
1529:
1485:from the original on November 13, 2016
1280:
7997:
7971:
5929:
5909:List of Apple II application software
5312:
5286:
4311:
3173:
2750:
2036:
1998:from the original on November 5, 2012
1886:from the original on November 2, 2015
1781:
1763:from the original on October 15, 2016
1737:from the original on October 13, 2019
1434:
1319:
1044:of "talent" and "intelligent") is an
999:, which was looking to integrate its
967:
783:– code named "Hera", released in 1999
526:a history that is largely independent
53:in a succession of two major series.
27:Series of Macintosh operating systems
4946:Derived from Mac OS X: iPhone OS 3.2
1843:"Linux on the OSF Mach3 microkernel"
1656:from the original on October 2, 2016
1560:from the original on October 5, 2016
1416:from the original on August 11, 2015
1015:and some basic applications such as
71:The current Mac operating system is
1796:from the original on August 1, 2016
1682:. December 20, 1996. Archived from
1580:"What is an operating system (OS)?"
1449:from the original on April 15, 2008
1325:"The Original Macintosh: Mea Culpa"
960:to run as a server hosted atop the
947:and Apple in February 1996 to port
444:that helped ease the transition to
370:program that ended one year later.
24:
4659:Derived from Mac OS X 10.4 Tiger:
2776:
1590:from the original on July 22, 2010
1435:Honan, Matthew (January 9, 2007).
1398:
1374:from the original on June 25, 2009
1337:from the original on June 19, 2010
1126:Timeline of Mac operating systems
848:In 1988, Apple released its first
149:across the top of the screen; the
62:original Macintosh System Software
25:
8546:
2014:
1356:Siracusa, John (March 24, 2006).
888:Macintosh Application Environment
882:Macintosh Application Environment
793:
532:-based operating system built on
358:computer, which former Apple CEO
305:
8094:Object-oriented operating system
7952:
7951:
4291:
4290:
2733:
2732:
2723:
2020:
1984:Widman, Jake (October 9, 2008).
1046:object-oriented operating system
461:– released between 1985 and 1987
5242:Mac OS X Server version history
3931:Apple Push Notification service
2947:Macintosh Programmer's Workshop
1808:
1749:
1719:
1602:
1247:Comparison of operating systems
933:Worldwide Developers Conference
528:of the classic Mac OS. It is a
41:List of Apple operating systems
8104:Supercomputer operating system
5955:
5917:List of old Macintosh software
1782:Crabb, Don (August 10, 1992).
1540:
1428:
1349:
1274:
455:– "System 1", released in 1984
13:
1:
4514:Mac OS X Public Beta (Kodiak)
2400:AIX for Apple Network Servers
1267:
604:
203:computers in 1977, which run
8079:Just enough operating system
8064:Distributed operating system
7142:Shazam Entertainment Limited
1093:. It was to have introduced
972:
7:
8505:Macintosh operating systems
8192:User space and kernel space
4176:System Integrity Protection
2027:Macintosh operating systems
1905:Linzmayer, Owen W. (1999).
1471:Linzmayer, Owen W. (2004).
1240:
1117:
1026:
459:System Software 2, 3, and 4
419:
180:to real-world objects like
10:
8551:
8535:Software version histories
8520:Lists of operating systems
8099:Real-time operating system
1845:. Grenoble and Cambridge:
1082:Copland (operating system)
1079:
1075:
1030:
976:
924:
920:
879:
841:
807:
798:
629:
559:macOS is based on Apple's
499:
309:
248:personal digital assistant
172:and relates concepts like
38:
31:
8530:Operating system families
8434:
8371:
8317:
8295:Multilevel feedback queue
8290:Fixed-priority preemptive
8278:
8213:
8204:
8174:
8121:
8112:
8074:Hobbyist operating system
8069:Embedded operating system
8051:
8005:
7941:
7911:
7808:
7755:
7744:
7587:
7492:
7483:
7476:
7407:Non-recruiting agreements
7258:
7181:
7002:
6954:
6947:
6845:
6800:
6751:
6706:
6601:
6575:
6566:
6393:
6284:
6215:
6192:
6159:
6131:
6083:
6024:
6015:
6006:
5963:
5906:
5847:
5806:
5753:
5712:
5616:
5600:
5497:
5404:
5321:
5232:
5211:
5146:
5109:
5027:
4979:
4932:
4923:
4832:
4808:
4780:
4712:
4679:
4655:
4644:
4635:
4509:
4462:Mac OS X Server 1.0 (Hera
4416:
4352:
4287:denote upcoming products.
4280:
4225:
4209:
3906:
3895:
3855:
3717:
3710:
3653:
3623:
3600:
3591:
3408:
3401:
3341:
3305:
3247:
3240:
3207:
3199:
3136:
2960:
2929:
2835:
2784:
2721:
2621:
2461:
2379:
2200:
2152:
2143:
2071:
820:embedded operating system
803:
766:
496:Mac OS X, OS X, and macOS
453:Macintosh System Software
346:on January 24, 1984; its
8338:General protection fault
8089:Network operating system
8043:User features comparison
7446:Depictions of Steve Jobs
5273:denote upcoming products
4988:Derived from iOS 13-18:
4501:10.6 Snow Leopard Server
3068:Multiprocessing Services
3028:Hierarchical File System
1964:August 10, 2017, at the
1698:"Mac OS X: What is BSD?"
1358:"Five years of Mac OS X"
906:. MAE was published for
566:, which is based on the
428:This text-only logo for
379:cooperative multitasking
145:principles, including a
60:with its release of the
8084:Mobile operating system
5267:audioOS version history
5262:watchOS version history
5212:Non-Apple distributions
5045:Derived from iOS 8–18:
4812:Derived from Mac OS X:
4721:Derived from iOS 9–18:
4559:OS X 10.8 Mountain Lion
4181:Uniform Type Identifier
3878:Remote Install Mac OS X
3742:Bluetooth File Exchange
2257:Mac OS X 10.0 (Cheetah)
1099:preemptive multitasking
837:
564:Darwin operating system
111:systems or vice versa,
8187:Loadable kernel module
7417:FBI encryption dispute
5257:iPadOS version history
5127:Derived from watchOS:
4683:Derived from iOS 4–8:
4066:Grand Central Dispatch
1847:OSF Research Institute
1474:Apple Confidential 2.0
1437:"Apple unveils iPhone"
945:OSF Research Institute
931:Announced at the 1996
875:
626:
514:
437:
354:, and inspired by the
350:is partially based on
324:
239:. Apple developed the
8255:Process control block
8221:Computer multitasking
8059:Disk operating system
7080:InVisage Technologies
5237:macOS version history
3048:Macintosh File System
2415:PowerOpen Environment
2063:Operating systems by
1913:. San Francisco, CA:
679:Mac OS X Snow Leopard
612:
509:
477:System 7 / Mac OS 7.6
442:a compatibility layer
427:
348:early system software
323:was released in 1999.
319:
47:Mac operating systems
8426:Virtual tape library
8018:Forensic engineering
7894:Edgar S. Woolard Jr.
7087:The Keyboard Company
5978:Timeline of products
5913:List of Mac software
5720:Apple Remote Desktop
5247:tvOS version history
2297:10.8 (Mountain Lion)
2029:at Wikimedia Commons
1872:Hormby, Tom (2005).
1686:on January 16, 1999.
1284:(January 21, 2009).
1262:List of Mac software
868:, where MacOS lacks
818:(A/ROSE) is a small
554:Mac OS X Public Beta
381:. System 7 supports
276:and in 2017 for its
8515:History of software
8510:Apple Inc. software
8435:Supporting concepts
8421:Virtual file system
7412:Price-fixing ebooks
7246:Rockstar Consortium
5252:iOS version history
4496:10.5 Leopard Server
4248:Classic Environment
3817:Migration Assistant
3772:Digital Color Meter
3654:Former Applications
3516:Notification Center
2866:Graphing Calculator
2369:Mac OS X Server 1.0
2322:10.13 (High Sierra)
2287:10.6 (Snow Leopard)
2167:Systems 2, 3, and 4
1822:on January 24, 2014
1733:February 24, 2011.
1610:"Mac OS X and Unix"
1513:Stanford University
1070:project death march
781:Mac OS X Server 1.0
636:Aqua user interface
436:, released in 1997.
342:Apple released the
250:from 1993 to 1997.
227:in 1983 which runs
8358:Segmentation fault
8206:Process management
7763:Arthur D. Levinson
6858:Sign in with Apple
5180:Derived from tvOS:
5164:Derived from iOS:
4579:macOS 10.12 Sierra
3896:Technologies &
3873:ODBC Administrator
3832:System Information
3318:10.8 Mountain Lion
2973:Appearance Manager
2916:System Information
2797:System 2, 3, and 4
2312:10.11 (El Capitan)
1974:, October 3, 2008.
1909:Apple Confidential
1792:. pp. 68–69.
1368:Condé Nast Digital
1114:operating system.
968:Cancelled projects
691:OS X Mountain Lion
627:
625:, released in 2001
515:
485:– released in 1997
479:– released in 1991
473:– released in 1988
467:– released in 1987
438:
344:original Macintosh
325:
188:; and overlapping
49:were developed by
8492:
8491:
8348:Memory protection
8319:Memory management
8313:
8312:
8305:Shortest job next
8200:
8199:
7999:Operating systems
7965:
7964:
7937:
7936:
7907:
7906:
7740:
7739:
7697:Peter Oppenheimer
7520:(General Counsel)
7429:iOS app approvals
7254:
7253:
6943:
6942:
6562:
6561:
6558:
6557:
6280:
6279:
5923:
5922:
5778:Interface Builder
5422:Final Cut Express
5323:Operating systems
5280:
5279:
5207:
5206:
5142:
5141:
5105:
5104:
5023:
5022:
4919:
4918:
4915:
4914:
4776:
4775:
4708:
4707:
4631:
4630:
4627:
4626:
4584:10.13 High Sierra
4549:10.6 Snow Leopard
4412:
4411:
4346:operating systems
4305:
4304:
4276:
4275:
3921:Apple File System
3891:
3890:
3777:Directory Utility
3706:
3705:
3649:
3648:
3631:Interface Builder
3409:Core Applications
3397:
3396:
3354:10.13 High Sierra
3297:10.6 Snow Leopard
3167:
3166:
3144:Memory management
3053:Macintosh Toolbox
2744:
2743:
2658:Apple TV Software
2457:
2456:
2025:Media related to
1816:"MAE screenshots"
1729:(Press release).
1519:on July 21, 2010.
1237:
1236:
985:Star Trek project
979:Star Trek project
721:macOS High Sierra
613:The "X" logo for
552:project, and the
471:System Software 6
465:System Software 5
402:memory management
386:memory addressing
16:(Redirected from
8542:
8447:Computer network
8211:
8210:
8119:
8118:
7992:
7985:
7978:
7969:
7968:
7955:
7954:
7889:Michael Spindler
7839:Fred D. Anderson
7753:
7752:
7702:Mark Papermaster
7652:Guerrino De Luca
7642:Fred D. Anderson
7613:Michael Spindler
7539:John Giannandrea
7490:
7489:
7481:
7480:
6989:Braeburn Capital
6952:
6951:
6573:
6572:
6291:
6290:
6022:
6021:
6013:
6012:
5950:
5943:
5936:
5927:
5926:
5550:Final Cut Studio
5510:Apple Media Tool
5307:
5300:
5293:
5284:
5283:
5153:
5152:
5116:
5115:
5034:
5033:
4930:
4929:
4806:
4805:
4792:
4791:
4653:
4652:
4642:
4641:
4574:10.11 El Capitan
4448:
4447:
4423:
4422:
4359:
4358:
4332:
4325:
4318:
4309:
4308:
4294:
4293:
4186:Universal binary
3904:
3903:
3842:Universal Access
3782:DiskImageMounter
3737:Audio MIDI Setup
3722:Activity Monitor
3715:
3714:
3598:
3597:
3541:Quicktime Player
3406:
3405:
3333:10.11 El Capitan
3245:
3244:
3194:
3187:
3180:
3171:
3170:
3137:Related articles
3108:Startup sequence
2886:QuickTime Player
2771:
2764:
2757:
2748:
2747:
2736:
2735:
2727:
2726:
2670:Apple Vision Pro
2332:10.15 (Catalina)
2307:10.10 (Yosemite)
2302:10.9 (Mavericks)
2150:
2149:
2057:
2050:
2043:
2034:
2033:
2024:
2008:
2007:
2005:
2003:
1981:
1975:
1955:
1949:
1948:
1946:
1944:
1912:
1902:
1896:
1895:
1893:
1891:
1869:
1863:
1862:
1860:
1858:
1838:
1832:
1831:
1829:
1827:
1818:. Archived from
1812:
1806:
1805:
1803:
1801:
1779:
1773:
1772:
1770:
1768:
1753:
1747:
1746:
1744:
1742:
1723:
1717:
1716:
1714:
1712:
1694:
1688:
1687:
1672:
1666:
1665:
1663:
1661:
1642:
1636:
1635:
1633:
1631:
1625:
1614:
1606:
1600:
1599:
1597:
1595:
1576:
1570:
1569:
1567:
1565:
1544:
1538:
1537:
1527:
1521:
1520:
1515:. Archived from
1501:
1495:
1494:
1492:
1490:
1468:
1459:
1458:
1456:
1454:
1432:
1426:
1425:
1423:
1421:
1396:
1387:
1386:
1381:
1379:
1353:
1347:
1346:
1344:
1342:
1317:
1308:
1307:
1305:
1303:
1278:
1147:
1140:
1133:
1123:
1122:
1095:protected memory
1013:Macintosh Finder
962:Mach microkernel
908:Sun Microsystems
900:Macintosh Finder
773:server computing
673:Mac OS X Leopard
661:Mac OS X Panther
406:protected memory
295:in 2015 for the
287:in 2015 for the
261:in 2007 for its
160:that represents
158:desktop metaphor
66:Macintosh clones
21:
8550:
8549:
8545:
8544:
8543:
8541:
8540:
8539:
8495:
8494:
8493:
8488:
8430:
8391:Defragmentation
8376:
8367:
8353:Protection ring
8322:
8309:
8281:
8274:
8196:
8170:
8108:
8047:
8001:
7996:
7966:
7961:
7933:
7903:
7804:
7800:Susan L. Wagner
7795:Ronald D. Sugar
7747:
7736:
7712:Bertrand Serlet
7682:Nancy R. Heinen
7637:Angela Ahrendts
7583:
7559:Deirdre O'Brien
7529:Craig Federighi
7518:Katherine Adams
7472:
7319:Right to repair
7279:Think different
7250:
7177:
7129:Power Computing
6998:
6939:
6841:
6796:
6753:
6747:
6702:
6696:MLS Season Pass
6597:
6554:
6418:Developer Tools
6413:Core Foundation
6389:
6296:
6276:
6211:
6188:
6155:
6127:
6079:
6002:
5959:
5954:
5924:
5919:
5902:
5898:Software Update
5858:AirPort Utility
5843:
5802:
5783:Quartz Composer
5749:
5708:
5612:
5596:
5493:
5400:
5336:Apple III (SOS)
5317:
5311:
5281:
5276:
5269:
5228:
5203:
5138:
5101:
5019:
4975:
4947:
4937:
4911:
4828:
4799:
4785:
4772:
4704:
4675:
4647:
4623:
4505:
4453:
4439:
4435:
4430:
4408:
4348:
4336:
4306:
4301:
4272:
4221:
4205:
4161:Speakable items
4131:Preference Pane
4111:Mission Control
4001:Core Foundation
3897:
3887:
3883:Software Update
3868:Network Utility
3851:
3827:System Settings
3812:Keychain Access
3732:Archive Utility
3727:AirPort Utility
3702:
3645:
3641:Quartz Composer
3619:
3593:Developer Tools
3587:
3556:version history
3393:
3337:
3301:
3236:
3203:
3198:
3168:
3163:
3132:
3118:System suitcase
2998:Command key (⌘)
2956:
2925:
2906:Software Update
2891:Network Browser
2871:Keychain Access
2831:
2780:
2775:
2745:
2740:
2717:
2617:
2453:
2375:
2196:
2139:
2067:
2061:
2017:
2012:
2011:
2001:
1999:
1982:
1978:
1966:Wayback Machine
1956:
1952:
1942:
1940:
1925:
1915:No Starch Press
1903:
1899:
1889:
1887:
1870:
1866:
1856:
1854:
1839:
1835:
1825:
1823:
1814:
1813:
1809:
1799:
1797:
1780:
1776:
1766:
1764:
1755:
1754:
1750:
1740:
1738:
1725:
1724:
1720:
1710:
1708:
1696:
1695:
1691:
1674:
1673:
1669:
1659:
1657:
1644:
1643:
1639:
1629:
1627:
1626:on May 30, 2009
1623:
1612:
1608:
1607:
1603:
1593:
1591:
1586:July 15, 2004.
1578:
1577:
1573:
1563:
1561:
1546:
1545:
1541:
1528:
1524:
1503:
1502:
1498:
1488:
1486:
1479:No Starch Press
1469:
1462:
1452:
1450:
1433:
1429:
1419:
1417:
1409:Daring Fireball
1404:"Mountain Lion"
1397:
1390:
1377:
1375:
1354:
1350:
1340:
1338:
1321:Hertzfeld, Andy
1318:
1311:
1301:
1299:
1279:
1275:
1270:
1243:
1238:
1233:
1231:
1151:
1120:
1084:
1078:
1062:Microsoft Cairo
1056:as part of the
1035:
1029:
981:
975:
970:
929:
923:
915:Hewlett-Packard
896:X Window System
884:
878:
866:U.S. government
846:
840:
812:
806:
801:
796:
787:Mac OS X Server
769:
709:OS X El Capitan
655:Mac OS X Jaguar
632:
607:
504:
498:
422:
410:access controls
368:Macintosh clone
333:first Macintosh
314:
308:
201:Apple II series
44:
37:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
8548:
8538:
8537:
8532:
8527:
8522:
8517:
8512:
8507:
8490:
8489:
8487:
8486:
8481:
8480:
8479:
8477:User interface
8474:
8464:
8459:
8454:
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8444:
8438:
8436:
8432:
8431:
8429:
8428:
8423:
8418:
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8408:
8403:
8401:File attribute
8398:
8393:
8388:
8382:
8380:
8369:
8368:
8366:
8365:
8363:Virtual memory
8360:
8355:
8350:
8345:
8340:
8335:
8329:
8327:
8315:
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8311:
8310:
8308:
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8286:
8284:
8276:
8275:
8273:
8272:
8267:
8262:
8257:
8252:
8247:
8242:
8237:
8235:Context switch
8232:
8217:
8215:
8208:
8202:
8201:
8198:
8197:
8195:
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7909:
7908:
7905:
7904:
7902:
7901:
7896:
7891:
7886:
7881:
7876:
7871:
7866:
7864:Robert A. Iger
7861:
7856:
7851:
7849:Mickey Drexler
7846:
7841:
7836:
7831:
7825:
7819:
7812:
7810:
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7724:
7719:
7714:
7709:
7707:Jon Rubinstein
7704:
7699:
7694:
7689:
7684:
7679:
7674:
7672:Scott Forstall
7669:
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7536:
7534:Isabel Ge Mahe
7531:
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7515:
7509:
7503:
7496:
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6825:
6820:
6818:Certifications
6815:
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6804:
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6410:
6405:
6400:
6394:
6391:
6390:
6388:
6387:
6382:
6379:Classic Mac OS
6375:
6370:
6365:
6360:
6355:
6354:
6353:
6348:
6338:
6337:
6336:
6331:
6329:iPadOS history
6326:
6321:
6316:
6301:
6299:
6288:
6282:
6281:
6278:
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5594:
5592:Soundtrack Pro
5589:
5584:
5579:
5574:
5569:
5564:
5559:
5558:
5557:
5552:
5547:
5542:
5532:
5527:
5525:DVD Studio Pro
5522:
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5507:
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5393:
5388:
5383:
5378:
5373:
5368:
5363:
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5353:
5348:
5343:
5341:Classic Mac OS
5338:
5333:
5327:
5325:
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5318:
5310:
5309:
5302:
5295:
5287:
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4616:
4611:
4606:
4601:
4596:
4594:10.15 Catalina
4591:
4586:
4581:
4576:
4571:
4569:10.10 Yosemite
4566:
4564:10.9 Mavericks
4561:
4556:
4551:
4546:
4541:
4536:
4531:
4526:
4521:
4519:10.0 (Cheetah)
4516:
4510:
4507:
4506:
4504:
4503:
4498:
4493:
4488:
4486:10.3 (Panther)
4483:
4478:
4473:
4471:10.0 (Cheetah)
4468:
4458:
4456:
4445:
4420:
4414:
4413:
4410:
4409:
4407:
4406:
4401:
4400:
4399:
4389:
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4327:
4320:
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4288:
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4265:
4260:
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4207:
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4198:
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4188:
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4038:
4033:
4028:
4023:
4018:
4013:
4008:
4003:
3998:
3993:
3988:
3986:Core Animation
3983:
3978:
3973:
3968:
3963:
3958:
3953:
3948:
3943:
3938:
3933:
3928:
3923:
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3907:
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3899:User Interface
3893:
3892:
3889:
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3886:
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3880:
3875:
3870:
3865:
3859:
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3769:
3767:Crash Reporter
3764:
3759:
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3448:
3446:Control Center
3443:
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3403:
3399:
3398:
3395:
3394:
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3386:
3381:
3376:
3371:
3366:
3364:10.15 Catalina
3361:
3356:
3351:
3345:
3343:
3339:
3338:
3336:
3335:
3330:
3328:10.10 Yosemite
3325:
3323:10.9 Mavericks
3320:
3315:
3309:
3307:
3303:
3302:
3300:
3299:
3294:
3289:
3284:
3279:
3274:
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3146:
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3130:
3125:
3120:
3115:
3110:
3105:
3100:
3095:
3090:
3085:
3080:
3075:
3073:Option key (⌥)
3070:
3065:
3060:
3055:
3050:
3045:
3040:
3035:
3030:
3025:
3020:
3015:
3010:
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2995:
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2809:
2804:
2799:
2794:
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2782:
2781:
2778:Classic Mac OS
2774:
2773:
2766:
2759:
2751:
2742:
2741:
2722:
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2718:
2716:
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2432:
2427:
2419:
2418:
2417:
2412:
2407:
2402:
2397:
2392:
2383:
2381:
2380:Other projects
2377:
2376:
2374:
2373:
2372:
2371:
2361:
2360:
2359:
2354:
2349:
2344:
2339:
2334:
2329:
2327:10.14 (Mojave)
2324:
2319:
2317:10.12 (Sierra)
2314:
2309:
2304:
2299:
2294:
2289:
2284:
2282:10.5 (Leopard)
2279:
2274:
2272:10.3 (Panther)
2269:
2264:
2259:
2251:
2250:
2249:
2248:
2247:
2234:
2233:
2232:
2227:
2222:
2217:
2206:
2204:
2198:
2197:
2195:
2194:
2189:
2184:
2179:
2174:
2169:
2164:
2158:
2156:
2154:Classic Mac OS
2147:
2141:
2140:
2138:
2137:
2136:
2135:
2130:
2120:
2119:
2118:
2108:
2107:
2106:
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2096:
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2083:
2069:
2068:
2060:
2059:
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4529:10.2 (Jaguar)
4527:
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4508:
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4499:
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4264:
4261:
4259:
4256:
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4239:
4238:Brushed metal
4236:
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4230:
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4224:
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4208:
4202:
4199:
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4182:
4179:
4177:
4174:
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4159:
4157:
4156:Smart Folders
4154:
4152:
4149:
4147:
4144:
4142:
4139:
4137:
4136:Property list
4134:
4132:
4129:
4127:
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4119:
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3848:
3845:
3843:
3840:
3838:
3835:
3833:
3830:
3828:
3825:
3823:
3822:Script Editor
3820:
3818:
3815:
3813:
3810:
3808:
3805:
3803:
3802:Image Capture
3800:
3798:
3795:
3793:
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3329:
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3258:
3255:
3254:
3252:
3250:
3246:
3243:
3239:
3233:
3230:
3228:
3225:
3223:
3222:Built-in apps
3220:
3218:
3215:
3213:
3210:
3209:
3206:
3202:
3195:
3190:
3188:
3183:
3181:
3176:
3175:
3172:
3160:
3157:
3155:
3154:New World ROM
3152:
3150:
3149:Old World ROM
3147:
3145:
3142:
3141:
3139:
3135:
3129:
3126:
3124:
3121:
3119:
3116:
3114:
3113:System folder
3111:
3109:
3106:
3104:
3101:
3099:
3098:Resource fork
3096:
3094:
3091:
3089:
3086:
3084:
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3079:
3076:
3074:
3071:
3069:
3066:
3064:
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3059:
3056:
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3051:
3049:
3046:
3044:
3041:
3039:
3036:
3034:
3031:
3029:
3026:
3024:
3021:
3019:
3016:
3014:
3011:
3009:
3008:Control Strip
3006:
3004:
3003:Control Panel
3001:
2999:
2996:
2994:
2991:
2989:
2986:
2984:
2981:
2979:
2976:
2974:
2971:
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2902:
2899:
2897:
2894:
2892:
2889:
2887:
2884:
2882:
2879:
2877:
2876:PictureViewer
2874:
2872:
2869:
2867:
2864:
2862:
2859:
2857:
2854:
2851:
2849:
2846:
2844:
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2800:
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2647:
2644:
2643:
2642:
2639:
2635:
2632:
2631:
2630:
2627:
2626:
2624:
2622:Other devices
2620:
2612:
2609:
2607:
2604:
2602:
2599:
2597:
2594:
2592:
2589:
2587:
2584:
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2532:
2530:
2527:
2525:
2522:
2520:
2517:
2515:
2512:
2510:
2507:
2505:
2502:
2500:
2497:
2495:
2492:
2490:
2487:
2486:
2485:
2482:
2480:
2479:iPod software
2477:
2476:
2474:
2472:
2468:
2464:
2460:
2448:
2445:
2441:
2438:
2437:
2436:
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2370:
2367:
2366:
2365:
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2348:
2345:
2343:
2342:12 (Monterey)
2340:
2338:
2335:
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2328:
2325:
2323:
2320:
2318:
2315:
2313:
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2298:
2295:
2293:
2290:
2288:
2285:
2283:
2280:
2278:
2275:
2273:
2270:
2268:
2267:10.2 (Jaguar)
2265:
2263:
2260:
2258:
2255:
2254:
2252:
2246:
2243:
2242:
2241:
2238:
2237:
2235:
2231:
2228:
2226:
2223:
2221:
2218:
2216:
2213:
2212:
2211:
2208:
2207:
2205:
2203:
2199:
2193:
2190:
2188:
2185:
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2180:
2178:
2175:
2173:
2170:
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2165:
2163:
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2159:
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2155:
2151:
2148:
2146:
2142:
2134:
2131:
2129:
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2117:
2114:
2113:
2112:
2109:
2105:
2102:
2100:
2097:
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2090:
2087:
2086:
2084:
2082:
2078:
2074:
2070:
2066:
2058:
2053:
2051:
2046:
2044:
2039:
2038:
2035:
2028:
2023:
2019:
2018:
1997:
1993:
1992:
1987:
1980:
1973:
1972:
1967:
1963:
1960:
1954:
1938:
1934:
1930:
1926:
1924:9781886411289
1920:
1916:
1911:
1910:
1901:
1885:
1881:
1880:
1875:
1868:
1852:
1848:
1844:
1837:
1821:
1817:
1811:
1795:
1791:
1790:
1785:
1778:
1762:
1758:
1752:
1736:
1732:
1728:
1722:
1706:
1703:
1699:
1693:
1685:
1681:
1677:
1671:
1660:September 29,
1655:
1651:
1647:
1641:
1622:
1618:
1611:
1605:
1589:
1585:
1581:
1575:
1559:
1555:
1554:
1549:
1543:
1535:
1534:
1526:
1518:
1514:
1510:
1506:
1500:
1484:
1480:
1476:
1475:
1467:
1465:
1448:
1444:
1443:
1438:
1431:
1415:
1411:
1410:
1405:
1401:
1395:
1393:
1385:
1373:
1369:
1365:
1364:
1359:
1352:
1336:
1332:
1331:
1326:
1322:
1316:
1314:
1302:September 13,
1297:
1293:
1292:
1287:
1283:
1277:
1273:
1263:
1260:
1258:
1255:
1253:
1250:
1248:
1245:
1244:
1155:
1154:
1148:
1143:
1141:
1136:
1134:
1129:
1128:
1125:
1124:
1115:
1113:
1109:
1104:
1100:
1096:
1092:
1088:
1083:
1073:
1071:
1067:
1063:
1059:
1055:
1051:
1047:
1043:
1039:
1034:
1024:
1022:
1018:
1014:
1010:
1006:
1002:
998:
994:
990:
986:
980:
965:
964:version 3.0.
963:
959:
954:
950:
946:
942:
938:
934:
928:
918:
916:
912:
909:
905:
901:
898:to emulate a
897:
893:
889:
883:
873:
871:
867:
863:
859:
858:look and feel
855:
851:
845:
835:
833:
829:
825:
821:
817:
811:
788:
785:
782:
779:
778:
777:
774:
764:
758:
755:
752:
751:macOS Ventura
749:
746:
743:
740:
739:macOS Big Sur
737:
734:
731:
728:
725:
722:
719:
716:
713:
710:
707:
704:
703:OS X Yosemite
701:
698:
695:
692:
689:
686:
685:Mac OS X Lion
683:
680:
677:
674:
671:
668:
665:
662:
659:
656:
653:
650:
649:Mac OS X 10.1
647:
644:
643:Mac OS X 10.0
641:
640:
639:
637:
624:
620:
616:
611:
602:
600:
596:
592:
588:
584:
580:
575:
573:
569:
565:
562:
557:
555:
551:
547:
543:
539:
535:
531:
527:
522:
520:
512:
511:macOS Big Sur
508:
503:
490:
487:
484:
481:
478:
475:
472:
469:
466:
463:
460:
457:
454:
451:
450:
449:
447:
443:
435:
432:started with
431:
426:
417:
415:
411:
407:
403:
399:
398:user-friendly
395:
391:
387:
384:
380:
376:
371:
369:
365:
362:previewed at
361:
357:
353:
349:
345:
340:
338:
334:
330:
322:
318:
313:
303:
301:
298:
294:
290:
286:
282:
279:
275:
272:
268:
264:
260:
256:
251:
249:
246:
242:
238:
234:
230:
226:
222:
219:in 1980 runs
218:
214:
210:
206:
202:
197:
195:
191:
187:
183:
179:
178:file deletion
175:
171:
167:
163:
159:
155:
152:
148:
144:
139:
137:
133:
129:
126:
122:
118:
114:
110:
105:
103:
99:
95:
91:
86:
82:
78:
74:
69:
67:
63:
59:
54:
52:
48:
42:
35:
30:
19:
8378:file systems
8270:Time-sharing
7945:
7929:Ronald Wayne
7879:Eric Schmidt
7869:Delano Lewis
7854:Al Eisenstat
7822:John Sculley
7717:Bruce Sewell
7662:Al Eisenstat
7647:John Browett
7607:John Sculley
7574:Johny Srouji
7549:Greg Joswiak
7544:Lisa Jackson
7512:Luca Maestri
7390:AppleMasters
7228:
7204:
7199:Kaleida Labs
7197:
7192:AIM alliance
7190:
7183:Partnerships
7158:
7151:
7134:
7127:
7120:
7115:Nothing Real
7113:
7106:
7099:
7092:
7085:
7078:
7071:
7064:
7057:
7050:
7043:
7021:
7004:Acquisitions
6956:Subsidiaries
6898:
6874:
6834:
6827:
6790:Fifth Avenue
6773:iTunes Store
6728:
6666:
6649:iTunes Radio
6647:
6640:
6628:
6478:
6461:
6377:
6120:
6113:
6106:
6099:
6092:
6038:
5998:Trade unions
5993:Supply chain
5824:iAd Producer
5730:macOS Server
5725:FoundationDB
5562:Logic Studio
5555:Cinema Tools
5498:Professional
5371:macOS (OS X)
5313:Software by
5270:
4589:10.14 Mojave
4544:10.5 Leopard
4534:10.3 Panther
4491:10.4 (Tiger)
4353:
4284:
4226:Discontinued
4081:Kernel panic
3951:AVFoundation
3856:Discontinued
3787:Disk Utility
3757:Configurator
3624:Former tools
3583:Time Machine
3402:Applications
3359:10.14 Mojave
3349:10.12 Sierra
3292:10.5 Leopard
3282:10.3 Panther
3267:10.0 Cheetah
3217:Architecture
3103:Sosumi sound
3013:Creator code
2988:Balloon help
2836:Applications
2357:15 (Sequoia)
2347:13 (Ventura)
2337:11 (Big Sur)
2277:10.4 (Tiger)
2144:
2000:. Retrieved
1989:
1979:
1971:The Register
1969:
1953:
1941:. Retrieved
1908:
1900:
1890:November 10,
1888:. Retrieved
1877:
1867:
1855:. Retrieved
1836:
1824:. Retrieved
1820:the original
1810:
1798:. Retrieved
1787:
1777:
1765:. Retrieved
1751:
1739:. Retrieved
1721:
1709:. Retrieved
1692:
1684:the original
1670:
1658:. Retrieved
1640:
1628:. Retrieved
1621:the original
1604:
1594:September 6,
1592:. Retrieved
1574:
1562:. Retrieved
1551:
1542:
1531:
1525:
1517:the original
1508:
1499:
1487:. Retrieved
1473:
1451:. Retrieved
1440:
1430:
1418:. Retrieved
1407:
1400:Gruber, John
1383:
1376:. Retrieved
1363:Ars Technica
1361:
1351:
1339:. Retrieved
1330:folklore.org
1328:
1300:. Retrieved
1289:
1282:Gruber, John
1276:
1085:
1058:AIM alliance
1036:
991:-compatible
982:
958:Linux kernel
930:
911:SPARCstation
904:System 7.5.3
885:
872:compliance.
847:
813:
770:
762:
757:macOS Sonoma
727:macOS Mojave
715:macOS Sierra
633:
576:
558:
523:
516:
439:
372:
341:
326:
257:, including
252:
198:
194:multitasking
166:applications
140:
106:
70:
55:
46:
45:
29:
8396:Device file
8386:Boot loader
8300:Round-robin
8225:Cooperative
8161:Rump kernel
8151:Multikernel
8141:Microkernel
8038:Usage share
7874:Arthur Rock
7790:Andrea Jung
7780:Alex Gorsky
7692:David Nagel
7687:Ron Johnson
7667:Tony Fadell
7657:Paul Deneve
7579:John Ternus
7468:Car project
7456:Asahi Linux
7297:Product Red
7266:Advertising
7241:Imagination
7066:FingerWorks
7039:BIS Records
6933:Look Around
6743:Game Center
6630:Beats Music
6324:iOS history
6184:Accessories
5983:Environment
5773:Instruments
5684:Photo Booth
5577:MacTerminal
5376:MacWorks XL
5029:Apple Watch
4814:iPhone OS 1
4604:12 Monterey
4524:10.1 (Puma)
4476:10.1 (Puma)
4116:Night Shift
4011:Core OpenGL
3981:Command key
3946:Audio Units
3936:AppleScript
3797:Help Viewer
3610:Instruments
3526:Photo Booth
3471:Game Center
3374:12 Monterey
3277:10.2 Jaguar
3262:Public Beta
3128:WorldScript
3063:MultiFinder
2852:Drive Setup
2641:Apple Watch
2499:iPhone OS 3
2494:iPhone OS 2
2489:iPhone OS 1
2352:14 (Sonoma)
2292:10.7 (Lion)
2262:10.1 (Puma)
2230:Public Beta
2002:October 23,
1879:Low End Mac
1741:October 13,
1711:October 25,
1630:February 5,
1553:Low End Mac
1453:January 16,
1042:portmanteau
1009:Windows 3.0
941:open source
862:workstation
852:-based OS,
623:10.1 "Puma"
570:kernel and
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300:set-top box
289:Apple Watch
233:MacWorks XL
174:directories
8499:Categories
8326:protection
8282:algorithms
8280:Scheduling
8229:Preemptive
8175:Components
8146:Monolithic
8013:Comparison
7919:Steve Jobs
7899:Jerry York
7834:Gil Amelio
7830:(Chairman)
7828:Steve Jobs
7824:(Chairman)
7818:(Chairman)
7765:(Chairman)
7625:Steve Jobs
7619:Gil Amelio
7564:Dan Riccio
7554:Sabih Khan
7485:Executives
7422:Epic Games
7397:Litigation
7361:Typography
7346:University
7167:Potential
7136:PrimeSense
7073:Intrinsity
6882:TestFlight
6836:One to One
6823:Genius Bar
6808:AppleCare+
6752:Retail and
6469:GarageBand
6438:Compressor
6267:Vision Pro
5957:Apple Inc.
5863:AppleWorks
5735:WebObjects
5624:AppleWorks
5572:MacProject
5545:Compressor
5432:GarageBand
5224:PureDarwin
5219:OpenDarwin
4787:iPod Touch
4619:15 Sequoia
4609:13 Ventura
4599:11 Big Sur
4539:10.4 Tiger
4210:Deprecated
4146:Quick Look
4126:Option key
4101:Menu extra
4061:Gatekeeper
4056:Foundation
4031:Cover Flow
4021:Core Video
4006:Core Image
3991:Core Audio
3926:Apple menu
3456:DVD Player
3451:Dictionary
3426:Calculator
3389:15 Sequoia
3379:13 Ventura
3369:11 Big Sur
3287:10.4 Tiger
3257:Server 1.0
3023:Extensions
2993:Bomb error
2978:Apple menu
2961:Technology
2921:SimpleText
2856:DVD Player
2843:Calculator
2685:visionOS 2
2680:visionOS 1
2421:Cancelled
1800:October 1,
1767:October 1,
1731:Apple Inc.
1702:Apple Inc.
1617:Apple Inc.
1584:Apple Inc.
1564:October 1,
1489:October 1,
1420:August 15,
1268:References
548:, Apple's
542:Steve Jobs
536:and other
434:Mac OS 7.6
414:extensions
404:, lack of
375:monolithic
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360:Steve Jobs
271:iPod Touch
231:and later
223:; and the
125:code named
51:Apple Inc.
8416:Partition
8333:Bus error
8260:Real-time
8240:Interrupt
8166:Unikernel
8131:Exokernel
7748:directors
7461:iPodLinux
7439:#AppleToo
7402:Antitrust
7385:Community
7378:Codenames
7314:Criticism
7304:Ecosystem
7286:Get a Mac
7122:P.A. Semi
7023:AuthenTec
7012:Completed
6969:Apple IMC
6948:Companies
6870:Developer
6761:App Store
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6576:Financial
6520:QuickTime
6455:MainStage
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5763:HyperCard
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5582:MainStage
5567:Logic Pro
5530:FileMaker
5427:Front Row
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4934:iPhone OS
4796:iPhone OS
4614:14 Sonoma
4554:10.7 Lion
4466:Rhapsody)
4418:Macintosh
4258:QuickTime
4166:Spotlight
4046:FileVault
4016:Core Text
3996:Core Data
3976:ColorSync
3847:VoiceOver
3807:Installer
3792:Font Book
3752:ColorSync
3747:Boot Camp
3711:Utilities
3666:Front Row
3661:Dashboard
3615:FileMerge
3563:Shortcuts
3546:Reminders
3486:Launchpad
3421:Automator
3416:App Store
3384:14 Sonoma
3313:10.7 Lion
3272:10.1 Puma
3123:Type code
3093:QuickTime
3088:QuickDraw
2937:HyperCard
2930:Developer
2896:Scrapbook
2881:PowerTalk
2634:Newton OS
2611:iPadOS 18
2606:iPadOS 17
2601:iPadOS 16
2596:iPadOS 15
2591:iPadOS 14
2586:iPadOS 13
2425:Star Trek
2111:Apple III
2094:Apple DOS
1933:245921029
1789:InfoWorld
1378:April 15,
1017:QuickTime
1005:Microsoft
973:Star Trek
771:An early
617:versions
579:iPhone OS
339:in 2001.
241:Newton OS
221:Apple SOS
217:Apple III
205:Apple DOS
186:trash can
128:Star Trek
109:Unix-like
8462:Live USB
8324:resource
8214:Concepts
8052:Variants
8033:Timeline
7957:Category
7912:Founders
7769:Tim Cook
7746:Board of
7631:Jony Ive
7524:Eddy Cue
7500:Tim Cook
7206:Taligent
7052:EditGrid
6900:MobileMe
6724:iMessage
6714:FaceTime
6676:Podcasts
6642:Festival
6568:Services
6530:SceneKit
6385:visionOS
6368:bridgeOS
6286:Software
6141:Hardware
6017:Hardware
6008:Products
5888:MobileMe
5839:MobileMe
5819:Dashcode
5807:Internet
5704:TextEdit
5694:Podcasts
5669:MacWrite
5664:MacPaint
5654:FaceTime
5649:Messages
5639:Contacts
5634:Calendar
5505:Aperture
5405:Consumer
5391:visionOS
5120:bridgeOS
5111:Embedded
4648:Software
4646:Apple TV
4637:Apple TV
4452:Mac OS X
4427:Mac OS X
4404:Rhapsody
4392:OpenStep
4387:NeXTSTEP
4297:Category
4086:Keychain
3966:CloudKit
3837:Terminal
3698:Sherlock
3636:Dashcode
3578:TextEdit
3573:Stickies
3521:Podcasts
3496:Messages
3461:FaceTime
3441:Contacts
3431:Calendar
3249:Mac OS X
3241:Versions
3232:Software
3159:Software
3058:Managers
3038:Keychain
3033:HFS Plus
2911:Stickies
2901:Sherlock
2827:Mac OS 9
2822:Mac OS 8
2816:Mac OS 7
2812:System 7
2807:System 6
2802:System 5
2792:System 1
2785:Versions
2738:Category
2711:bridgeOS
2706:T series
2675:visionOS
2653:Apple TV
2447:Vanguard
2440:Nukernel
2430:Taligent
2386:Shipped
2253:Desktop
2225:Rhapsody
2220:OpenStep
2215:NeXTSTEP
2192:Mac OS 9
2187:Mac OS 8
2182:System 7
2177:System 6
2172:System 5
2162:System 1
2133:MacWorks
2089:Apple II
2073:Apple II
1996:Archived
1962:Archived
1937:Archived
1884:Archived
1857:April 4,
1851:Archived
1826:March 4,
1794:Archived
1761:Archived
1735:Archived
1705:Archived
1654:Archived
1588:Archived
1558:Archived
1533:Macworld
1483:Archived
1447:Archived
1442:Macworld
1414:Archived
1372:Archived
1335:Archived
1296:Archived
1291:Macworld
1241:See also
1118:Timeline
1112:NeXTSTEP
1110:for its
1066:NeXTSTEP
1038:Taligent
1033:Taligent
1027:Taligent
935:(WWDC),
615:Mac OS X
605:Releases
599:visionOS
550:Rhapsody
546:OPENSTEP
534:NeXTSTEP
489:Mac OS 9
483:Mac OS 8
446:Mac OS X
420:Releases
337:Mac OS X
321:Mac OS 9
297:Apple TV
243:for its
237:emulator
147:menu bar
132:Taligent
81:NeXTSTEP
8457:Live CD
8411:Journal
8375:access,
8373:Storage
8250:Process
8156:vkernel
8023:History
8006:General
7946:Italics
7785:Al Gore
7756:Current
7493:Current
7373:History
7259:Related
7153:Texture
6928:Flyover
6913:Fitness
6908:Find My
6829:ProCare
6801:Support
6778:Connect
6636:Up Next
6503:Numbers
6498:Keynote
6408:HomeKit
6398:CarPlay
6363:watchOS
6346:History
6314:iPhones
6297:systems
6257:Silicon
6245:HomePod
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5788:ResEdit
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5467:Keynote
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4442:history
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4354:History
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4285:Italics
4253:Inkwell
4201:XQuartz
4151:Rosetta
4091:launchd
3956:Bonjour
3911:AirDrop
3762:Console
3691:history
3536:Preview
3476:Grapher
3212:History
2983:At Ease
2952:ResEdit
2942:MacsBug
2848:Chooser
2699:audioOS
2694:HomePod
2646:watchOS
2435:Copland
2410:MkLinux
2210:History
2128:Lisa OS
1991:PCWorld
1943:May 29,
1341:May 10,
1087:Copland
1076:Copland
1021:PowerPC
953:PowerPC
951:to the
937:MkLinux
927:MkLinux
921:MkLinux
830:-based
799:Shipped
630:Desktop
591:watchOS
394:PowerPC
352:Lisa OS
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7214:Akamai
7171:Disney
7101:Metaio
7059:Emagic
7034:Beddit
7017:Anobit
6994:Claris
6984:Beddit
6964:Anobit
6918:Photos
6894:iCloud
6609:Arcade
6593:Wallet
6535:Shazam
6525:Safari
6488:iTunes
6480:iPhoto
6474:iMovie
6443:Motion
6373:Darwin
6351:Server
6309:iPadOS
6228:AirTag
6133:iPhone
6070:Studio
5883:iTunes
5878:iCloud
5713:Server
5699:Safari
5689:Photos
5540:Motion
5484:iPhoto
5457:iTunes
5452:iMovie
5437:iCloud
5381:ProDOS
5356:iPadOS
5346:Darwin
4981:iPadOS
4782:iPhone
4454:Server
4364:Darwin
4339:Darwin
4295:
4263:Spaces
4243:Carbon
4191:WebKit
4171:Stacks
4141:Quartz
4121:OpenCL
4096:Mach-O
4076:iCloud
4036:Darwin
3961:Bundle
3916:AppKit
3686:iTunes
3676:iPhoto
3551:Safari
3531:Photos
3466:Finder
3227:Server
3078:OSType
3043:Labels
3018:Dogcow
2861:Finder
2629:Newton
2581:iPadOS
2574:iOS 18
2569:iOS 17
2564:iOS 16
2559:iOS 15
2554:iOS 14
2549:iOS 13
2544:iOS 12
2539:iOS 11
2534:iOS 10
2467:iPhone
2390:A/ROSE
2364:Server
2240:Darwin
2099:ProDOS
1931:
1921:
1001:DR-DOS
997:Novell
939:is an
810:A/ROSE
804:A/ROSE
767:Server
597:, and
587:iPadOS
383:32-bit
291:; and
269:, and
263:iPhone
245:Newton
215:; the
211:, and
209:ProDOS
184:and a
168:using
151:Finder
134:, and
119:, and
100:, and
94:iPadOS
18:Mac OS
8467:Shell
8406:Inode
7771:(CEO)
7633:(CDO)
7627:(CEO)
7621:(CEO)
7615:(CEO)
7609:(CEO)
7603:(CEO)
7597:(CEO)
7514:(CFO)
7508:(COO)
7502:(CEO)
7451:Linux
7236:iFund
7160:Topsy
7029:Beats
6979:Beats
6846:Other
6785:Store
6766:macOS
6730:iChat
6619:Music
6614:Books
6602:Media
6550:Xcode
6545:Swift
6508:Pages
6493:iWork
6463:iLife
6341:macOS
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6216:Other
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3671:iChat
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3506:Music
3436:Chess
3342:macOS
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2509:iOS 5
2504:iOS 4
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2202:macOS
2104:GS/OS
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1624:(PDF)
1613:(PDF)
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870:POSIX
828:NuBus
519:macOS
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255:macOS
213:GS/OS
170:icons
162:files
154:shell
73:macOS
8028:List
7366:Book
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7292:iPod
7272:1984
7224:DiDi
7147:Siri
7108:NeXT
7094:Lala
6923:Maps
6887:WWDC
6813:AASP
6662:News
6583:Card
6540:Siri
6515:Mail
6358:tvOS
6334:Apps
6250:Mini
6238:Pill
6169:Mini
6161:iPad
6108:Nano
6101:Mini
6085:iPod
6065:Mini
6034:iMac
5834:iWeb
5814:.Mac
5745:Xsan
5644:Mail
5442:iDVD
5386:tvOS
5184:13.4
4925:iPad
4714:tvOS
4432:OS X
4382:Mach
4372:Unix
4362:Pre-
4217:HFS+
4071:icns
4041:Dock
4026:CUPS
3941:Aqua
3863:Grab
3568:Siri
3501:News
3491:Mail
3481:Home
3306:OS X
3083:PICT
2729:List
2663:tvOS
2471:iPad
2463:iPod
2395:A/UX
2123:Lisa
2081:Lisa
2004:2012
1945:2017
1929:OCLC
1919:ISBN
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1859:2013
1828:2015
1802:2016
1769:2016
1743:2019
1713:2012
1662:2016
1632:2016
1596:2014
1566:2016
1491:2016
1455:2010
1422:2015
1380:2009
1343:2010
1304:2016
1108:NeXT
1064:and
983:The
913:and
892:Unix
886:The
854:A/UX
850:UNIX
844:A/UX
838:A/UX
814:The
621:and
595:tvOS
538:NeXT
530:Unix
408:and
388:and
356:Alto
327:The
293:tvOS
267:iPad
225:Lisa
192:for
176:and
164:and
113:A/UX
102:tvOS
85:Unix
83:, a
77:NeXT
8484:PXE
8472:CLI
8452:HAL
8442:API
8245:IPC
7356:IDg
7324:Tax
7219:Arm
7045:Cue
6876:iAd
6865:One
6736:App
6655:App
6588:Pay
6305:iOS
6207:Max
6202:Pro
6179:Pro
6174:Air
6075:Pro
6058:Pro
6053:Air
6040:Pro
6026:Mac
5848:on
5351:iOS
4939:iOS
4801:iOS
4377:BSD
4196:XNU
2484:iOS
2405:MAE
2245:XNU
2145:Mac
2116:SOS
2077:III
1968:",
1257:Mac
1054:IBM
1040:(a
1007:'s
993:x86
876:MAE
583:iOS
572:BSD
568:XNU
259:iOS
143:GUI
117:MAE
90:iOS
8501::
8227:,
6853:ID
6681:TV
6307:/
6262:TV
5915:•
5911:•
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