199:, and entered upon public life at a comparatively early age. He was appointed manager of the public revenue for a four-year term from 336 to 332 BC and proved highly successful. Because multiple terms in this role were banned, at the end of his tenure he picked a series of substitutes who held the office on his behalf and followed his direction for the next two terms, from 332 BC to down to 324 BC. The conscientiousness with which he discharged the duties of this office enabled him to raise the public revenue to the sum of 1,200
338:
1099:
138:
ceremonies, and to build up a hefty reserve. He also encouraged the restoration of traditional values and prosecuted those who fell short of his expectations of civic behaviour. Because of his leading role, the period from 338 to 324 BC is often known in modern scholarship as the "Age of
Lycurgus."
137:
in 338 BC, he became the leading figure in
Athenian politics, taking control of Athenian finances and pushing through a range of measures which drastically increased Athens' revenues. This money was used to expand the navy, improve the city's fortifications, develop the temples and religious
238:
His integrity was so great, that even private persons deposited with him large sums of money, which they wished to be kept in safety. He was also the author of several legislative enactments, of which he enforced the strictest observance. One of his laws forbade women to ride in
270:
are full of anecdotes and characteristic features of
Lycurgus. He often appeared as a successful accuser in the Athenian courts, but he himself was as often accused by others, though he always, and even in the last days of his life, succeeded in silencing his enemies.
172:
Lycurgus was born before 384 BC, probably around 390 BC. His father was
Lycophron, son of Lycurgus, who belonged to the noble family of the Eteobutadae. His mother's name is partially preserved on a funerary inscription as -ne, daughter of -kleos. He belonged to the
419:
mentions that fifteen orations of
Lycurgus were extant when it was written, probably in the late first century BC, but we know the titles of at least twenty. All of these are lost, or preserved only in fragments, except for
435:, the inaccuracy in the arrangement of his subject, and his frequent digressions. His style was said to be noble and grand, but neither elegant nor pleasing. His works seem to have been commented upon by
382:
Lycurgus married
Callisto, daughter of Habron from the deme of Bate, who belonged to a wealthy family, part of the other branch of the Eteoboutiad clan, which provided the priestess of
367:. He is probably ultimately descended from Lycurgus, son of Aristolaides who led the Pedieis ("people of the plains") in the conflicts leading up to the establishment of
1011:
Lambert, Stephen D. (2015). "Connecting with the Past in
Lykourgan Athens: An epigraphic perspective". In Foxhall, Lin; Gehrke, Hans-Joachim; Luraghi, Nino (eds.).
545:
1269:
1121:
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at the celebration of the mysteries; and when his own wife transgressed this law, she was fined; another ordained that bronze statues should be erected to
235:) of the city and the keeping of public discipline; and the severity with which he watched over the conduct of the citizens became almost proverbial.
400:
and the restoration of democracy, he served as head of administration in 307/6 and treasurer of the military fund in 306/5 BC. He died childless.
1112:
776:
371:' tyranny. His grandfather, also called Lycurgus, was priest of Poseidon in the late fifth-century, supported the introduction of the cult of
1262:
431:
and other ancient critics draw particular attention to the ethical tendency of his orations, but they censure the harshness of his
1171:
393:
Lycophron, whose descendants are attested in important offices and priesthoods down to at least the end of the first century BC.
1255:
1088:
1020:
873:
457:, as the works of Lycurgus; but this Lycurgus, if the name be correct, must be a different personage from the Attic orator.
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310:
At his death, he left behind three sons who were severely persecuted by
Menesaechmus and Thrasycles, but were defended by
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1001:
961:
894:
760:
980:
608:
586:
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612:
1049:
The power of individual and community in
Ancient Athens and beyond : essays in honour of John K. Davies
1047:
Lambert, Stephen D. (2019). "The
Priesthoods of the Eteoboutadai". In Archibald, Zosia; Haywood, J. (eds.).
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The strangeness of gods : historical perspectives on the interpretation of Athenian religion
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Habron (ca. 350-305 BC), who succeeded his father as priest of Poseidon, and, after the fall of
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1425:
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1032:"The Inscribed Version of the Decree Honouring Lykourgos of Boutadai (IG II2 457 and 3207)"
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In 307/6 BC, the orator Stratocles ordered a bronze statue to be erected to him in the
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Lives of the Attic orators : texts from Pseudo-Plutarch, Photius, and the Suda
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The funerary mound of the family in the Kerameikos was discovered in the 1980s.
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990:
Humphreys, S. C. (2004). "Lycurgus of Boutadai: an Athenian aristocrat".
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As a result, our knowledge of his style as an orator is very incomplete.
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219:
1102: This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
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912:
386:. Her brother, Callias, was treasurer of the military fund in 338/7 BC.
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In his early life, he devoted himself to the study of philosophy in the
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He should not be confused with the quasi-mythological Spartan lawgiver
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889:(First ed.). Oxford, United Kingdom: Oxford University Press.
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267:
1066:
Matthaiou, Angelos (1987). "Ἠρίον Λυκούργου Λυκόφρονος Βουτάδου".
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in Ancient Greece. In the aftermath of the Athenian defeat at the
1480:
1375:
1370:
913:"Changing the Authoritative Voice: Lycurgus' "Against Leocrates""
862:
Cooper, Craig; Harris, Edward M.; Worthington, Ian, eds. (2010).
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Intentional History : Spinning Time in Ancient Greece
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357:. He was a member of the branch of the Eteoboutadae clan (
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in the third century BC. His only surviving speech is the
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Lycurgus claimed descent from the mythical Athenian king
97:
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in 404 BC. Nothing about his father's life is recorded.
861:
692:
482:
480:
1122:
Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology
1015:. Stuttgart: Franz Steiner Verlag. pp. 225–238.
836:
Harpocration, s.vv. "pelanos", "prokovia", "stroter".
259:
should be made and preserved in the public archives.
103:
91:
996:. Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. 77–129.
82:
477:
229:
He was further entrusted with the superintendence (
88:
1051:. Swansea: Classical Press of Wales. p. 163.
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519:
1538:
1277:
1142:(both Greek text and English translation at the
195:, but afterwards became one of the disciples of
145:included in the "Alexandrian Canon" compiled by
975:. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press.
293:He died while holding the office of director (
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1165:
956:. Oxford: Clarendon Press. pp. 348–353.
467:in his edition of the Attic orators in 1508.
1083:. Berkeley: University of California Press.
1270:
1256:
1172:
1158:
775:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
751:Roisman, Joseph; Worthington, Ian (2015).
16:4th century BC Greek politician and orator
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954:Athenian propertied families, 600-300 B.C
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1078:
883:Lycurgus (2019). Rosiman, Joseph (ed.).
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274:Thus, we know that he was attacked by
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755:(First ed.). Oxford. p. 7.
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865:Dinarchus, Hyperides, and Lycurgus
403:Lycurgus, who also died childless.
375:in Athens and was murdered by the
303:, in 325/4 BC, shortly before the
14:
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424:, which was delivered in 330 BC.
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973:Athens from Alexander to Antony
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363:) that supplied the priests of
1081:Religion in Hellenistic Athens
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559:
534:, "Lives of the Ten Orators",
1:
868:. University of Texas Press.
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226:, but the Athenians refused.
222:, and other opponents of the
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118:Λυκοῦργος Λυκόφρονος Βουτάδης
56:
52:
41:
1030:Lambert, Stephen D. (2015).
129:325 BC) was a statesman and
7:
971:Habicht, Christian (1997).
911:Allen, Danielle S. (2000).
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671:Dionysius of Halicarnassus
659:Lexicon of the Ten Orators
389:Lycurgus had three sons:
295:
231:
117:
18:
1286:
1187:
1079:Mikalson, Jon D. (1998).
796:, "Against Ctesiphon", 93
332:
151:Aristarchus of Samothrace
147:Aristophanes of Byzantium
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48:
37:
28:
1562:4th-century BC Athenians
952:Davies, John K. (1971).
455:Deploration of Eurybatus
417:Lives of the Ten Orators
266:erroneously ascribed to
264:Lives of the Ten Orators
329:at the public expense.
255:, that copies of their
167:
807:On the ancient orators
350:
345:, seat of the cult of
141:He was one of the ten
1381:Demetrius of Phalerum
463:was first printed by
437:Didymus of Alexandria
398:Demetrius of Phalerum
340:
811:Hermogenes of Tarsus
601:Ammianus Marcellinus
21:Lycurgus (mythology)
19:For other uses, see
917:Classical Antiquity
815:De Formis Oratoriis
365:Poseidon Erechtheus
347:Poseidon Erechtheus
301:Theatre of Dionysus
212:Alexander the Great
180:, which was in the
135:Battle of Chaeronea
716:, p. 270-271.
661:, s.v. "theorika".
516:, p. 348-353.
351:
1534:
1533:
1245:
1244:
1139:Against Leocrates
1109:Schmitz, Leonhard
1090:978-0-520-21023-3
1022:978-3-515-11288-8
886:Against Leocrates
875:978-0-292-77407-0
737:Pseudo-Plutarch,
728:, pp. 31–44.
686:Pseudo-Plutarch,
642:Pseudo-Plutarch,
565:Pseudo-Plutarch,
461:Against Leocrates
451:Encomium of Helen
422:Against Leocrates
210:revolted against
206:In 335 BC, after
155:Against Leocrates
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487:Habicht 1997
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228:
205:
186:
171:
159:
154:
140:
73:
72:
1506:Thrasybulus
1486:Pisistratus
1396:Demosthenes
1356:Cleisthenes
1346:Chremonides
1281:politicians
1227:Demosthenes
923:(1): 5–33.
826: 18.11
805:Dionysius,
714:Davies 1971
554:Bibliotheca
546:"Lykourgos"
514:Davies 1971
369:Pisistratus
224:Macedonians
220:Demosthenes
184:of Oeneis.
131:logographer
1541:Categories
1526:Xanthippus
1511:Thucydides
1501:Theramenes
1436:Hypereides
1431:Hyperbolus
1386:Demochares
1326:Aristophon
1301:Alcibiades
1232:Hypereides
1136:Lycurgus,
1113:"Lycurgus"
1036:AIO Papers
982:0674051114
605:Res gestae
556:, cod. 268
471:References
355:Erechtheus
343:Erechtheum
312:Hypereides
1521:Timotheus
1461:Moerocles
1456:Miltiades
1411:Ephialtes
1406:Echedemos
1341:Charmides
1316:Aristides
1306:Andocides
1296:Agyrrhius
1291:Aeschines
1237:Dinarchus
1217:Aeschines
1207:Isocrates
1197:Andocides
937:0278-6656
790:Aeschines
771:cite book
675:Dinarchus
583:Epistulae
433:metaphors
429:Dionysius
327:prytaneum
323:Ceramicus
299:) of the
296:ἐπιστάτης
280:Dinarchus
257:tragedies
253:Euripides
249:Sophocles
245:Aeschylus
197:Isocrates
32:Λυκοῦργος
30:Lycurgus
1516:Timoleon
1476:Philinus
1471:Pericles
1451:Lysicles
1446:Lycurgus
1391:Democles
1361:Cleophon
1331:Autocles
1311:Archinus
1222:Lycurgus
1192:Antiphon
1111:(1870).
1074:: 31–44.
945:25011110
856:Editions
809:, v. 3;
794:Speeches
632:xiii. 24
411:Writings
316:Democles
307:affair.
305:Harpalus
276:Philinus
268:Plutarch
241:chariots
214:and was
74:Lycurgus
64:Children
1481:Phocion
1421:Eubulus
1376:Demades
1371:Critias
1119:(ed.).
1106::
1042:(1–12).
845:Theon,
609:xxii. 9
550:Photius
544:, s.v.
531:Moralia
201:talents
178:Butadae
1466:Nicias
1441:Laches
1426:Hagnon
1212:Isaeus
1202:Lysias
1087:
1055:
1019:
1000:
979:
960:
943:
935:
893:
872:
759:
739:p. 843
644:p. 842
624:Aelian
613:xxx. 8
579:Cicero
536:p. 841
333:Family
251:, and
232:φυλακή
216:sacked
208:Thebes
189:school
125:390 –
67:3 sons
44:390 BC
1491:Solon
1401:Draco
1366:Cleon
1351:Cimon
1115:. In
1068:ΗΟΡΟΣ
941:JSTOR
817:, v;
688:ibid.
677:, 10.
587:i. 13
567:ibid.
443:Theon
360:genos
193:Plato
182:tribe
113:Greek
1085:ISBN
1053:ISBN
1017:ISBN
998:ISBN
977:ISBN
958:ISBN
933:ISSN
891:ISBN
870:ISBN
777:link
757:ISBN
541:Suda
453:and
415:The
373:Isis
341:The
314:and
262:The
175:deme
168:Life
149:and
49:Died
38:Born
925:doi
824:Or.
191:of
95:ɜːr
59:65)
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1070:.
1038:.
1034:.
939:.
931:.
921:19
919:.
915:.
821:,
813:,
792:,
773:}}
769:{{
694:^
673:,
657:,
630:,
626:,
611:,
607:,
603:,
599:;
597:12
581:,
552:,
548:;
538:;
528:,
494:^
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449:,
439:.
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286:,
282:,
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247:,
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127:c.
123:c.
121:;
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111:;
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1271:e
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1257:v
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1125:.
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1072:5
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1040:6
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779:)
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104:s
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98:ɡ
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