779:, the protagonist is Oedipus' daughter, Antigone. She is faced with the choice of allowing her brother Polyneices' body to remain unburied, outside the city walls, exposed to the ravages of wild animals, or to bury him and face death. The king of the land, Creon, has forbidden the burial of Polyneices for he was a traitor to the city. Antigone decides to bury his body and face the consequences of her actions. Creon sentences her to death. Eventually, Creon is persuaded to free Antigone from her punishment, but his decision comes too late and Antigone commits suicide. Her suicide triggers the suicide of two others close to King Creon: his son, Haemon, who was to wed Antigone, and his wife, Eurydice, who commits suicide after losing her only surviving son.
420:
788:
262:
6206:
6216:
6226:
38:
736:'s prophecy of him, that he would kill his father, and marry his mother; he attempts to flee his fate without harming those he knows as his parents (at this point, he does not know that he is adopted). Oedipus meets a man at a crossroads accompanied by servants; Oedipus and the man fight, and Oedipus kills the man (who was his father, Laius, although neither knew at the time). He becomes the ruler of Thebes after solving the
3143:
404:, wrote this eulogy: "Blessed is Sophocles, who had a long life, was a man both happy and talented, and the writer of many good tragedies; and he ended his life well without suffering any misfortune." According to some accounts, however, his own sons tried to have him declared incompetent near the end of his life; and that he refuted their charge in court by reading from his new
510:
476:") for Sophocles. Moreover, when Euripides heard about this (it was much discussed), he mocked the disdainful treatment, saying that he had himself had sex with the boy, "but had not given him anything more than his usual fee" ("ἀλλὰ μηδὲν προσθεῖναι"), or, "but that nothing had been taken off" ("ἀλλὰ μηδὲν προεθῆναι"). In response, Sophocles composed this elegy:
1033:. Along with the unknown dating of the vast majority of more than 120 plays, it is also largely unknown how the plays were grouped. It is, however, known that the three plays referred to in the modern era as the "Theban plays" were never performed together in Sophocles' own lifetime, and are therefore not a trilogy (which they are sometimes erroneously seen as).
1785:, when Ajax is mocked by Athene, then the stage is emptied so that he may commit suicide alone. Sophocles mentions a third stage, distinct from the other two, in his discussion of his development. The third stage pays more heed to diction. His characters spoke in a way that was more natural to them and more expressive of their individual character feelings.
1772:
Sophocles, and the book is known to have been used by
Plutarch. Though some interpretations of Plutarch's words suggest that Sophocles says that he imitated Aeschylus, the translation does not fit grammatically, nor does the interpretation that Sophocles said that he was making fun of Aeschylus' works.
732:. His infanticide is planned by his parents, Laius and Jocasta, to prevent him fulfilling a prophecy; but the servant entrusted with the infanticide passes the infant on, through a series of intermediaries, to a childless couple, who adopt him, not knowing his history. Oedipus eventually learns of the
740:
and in the process, marries the widowed queen, his mother
Jocasta. Thus the stage is set for horror. When the truth comes out, following from another true but confusing prophecy from Delphi, Jocasta commits suicide, Oedipus blinds himself and leaves Thebes. At the end of the play, order is restored.
1781:
reservations about
Aeschylus' style, and thus did not keep his imitation up. Sophocles' first stage, in which he imitated Aeschylus, is marked by "Aeschylean pomp in the language". Sophocles' second stage was entirely his own. He introduced new ways of evoking feeling out of an audience, as in his
1771:
of Ion of Chios, a book that recorded many conversations of
Sophocles; but a Hellenistic dialogue about tragedy, in which Sophocles appeared as a character, is also plausible. The former is a likely candidate to have contained Sophocles' discourse on his own development because Ion was a friend of
863:
explains that, in light of their tainted family lineage, her brothers were at first willing to cede the throne to Creon. Nevertheless, they eventually decided to take charge of the monarchy, with each brother disputing the other's right to succeed. In addition to being in a clearly more powerful
1780:
Here
Sophocles says that he has completed a stage of Aeschylus' work, meaning that he went through a phase of imitating Aeschylus' style but is finished with that. Sophocles' opinion of Aeschylus was mixed. He certainly respected him enough to imitate his work early on in his career, but he had
3124:
442:, contains references to Sophocles' sexuality. In that work, a character named Myrtilus claims that Sophocles "was partial to boys, in the same way that Euripides was partial to women" ("φιλομεῖραξ δὲ ἦν ὁ Σοφοκλῆς, ὡς Εὐριπίδης φιλογύνης"), and relates an anecdote, attributed to
942:
after he had completed his famous twelve labors. Tricked into thinking it is a love charm, Deianeira applies poison to an article of
Heracles' clothing; this poisoned robe causes Heracles to die an excruciating death. Upon learning the truth, Deianeira commits suicide.
741:
This restoration is seen when Creon, brother of
Jocasta, becomes king, and also when Oedipus, before going off to exile, asks Creon to take care of his children. Oedipus's children will always bear the weight of shame and humiliation because of their father's actions.
1776:
argues for the following translation of the line: "After practising to the full the bigness of
Aeschylus, then the painful ingenuity of my own invention, now in the third stage I am changing to the kind of diction which is most expressive of character and best."
314:
present, to decide the victor of the contest. Plutarch further contends that, following this loss, Aeschylus soon left for Sicily. Though
Plutarch says that this was Sophocles' first production, it is now thought that his first production was probably in 470 BC.
2518:] septem cum commentariis. Despite the addition 'cum commentariis' in the title, the Aldine edition did not include the ancient scholia to Sophocles. These had to wait until 1518 when Janus Lascaris brought out the relevant edition in Rome.
287:
in 490 BC: the exact year is unclear, but 497/6 is most likely. He was born into a wealthy family (his father was an armour manufacturer), and was highly educated. His first artistic triumph was in 468 BC, when he took first prize in the
392:, and the bloodletting of the Peloponnesian War. As with many famous men in classical antiquity, his death inspired a number of apocryphal stories. One claimed that he died from the strain of trying to recite a long sentence from his
3148:
218:. He competed in thirty competitions, won twenty-four, and was never judged lower than second place. Aeschylus won thirteen competitions, and was sometimes defeated by Sophocles; Euripides won four.
701:(i.e. three plays presented as a continuous narrative), nor an intentional series; they contain inconsistencies. Sophocles also wrote other plays pertaining to Thebes, such as the
868:, Eteocles and Polynices are also culpable: they consent (l. 429, Theodoridis, tr.) to their father's going to exile, which is one of his bitterest charges against them.
2139:
Clinton, Kevin "The
Epidauria and the Arrival of Asclepius in Athens", in Ancient Greek Cult Practice from the Epigraphical Evidence, edited by R. Hägg, Stockholm, 1994.
547:
playwriting during Sophocles' early career, adopted the third actor into his own work. Besides the third actor, Aristotle credits Sophocles with the introduction of
400:
festival in Athens. A third holds that he died of happiness after winning his final victory at the City Dionysia. A few months later, a comic poet, in a play titled
827:– a group of plays to be performed together, but are the remaining parts of three different groups of plays. As a result, there are some inconsistencies: notably,
539:; deeper development of characters than earlier playwrights; and, if it was not Aeschylus, the addition of a third actor, which further reduced the role of the
2978:
835:
and, in consultation with Apollo, single-handedly makes the decision to expel Oedipus from Thebes. Creon is also instructed to look after Oedipus' daughters
352:, he was elected one of the ten generals, executive officials at Athens, as a junior colleague of Pericles; and he served in the Athenian campaign against
1017:
Although more than 120 titles of plays associated with Sophocles are known and presented below, little is known of the precise dating of most of them.
805:
The plays were written across thirty-six years of Sophocles' career and were not composed in chronological order, but instead were written in the order
241:, most importantly by adding a third actor (attributed to Sophocles by Aristotle; to Aeschylus by Themistius), thereby reducing the importance of the
6279:
2296:. Douglas Olson, S. (ed. and trans.). Cambridge, Massachusetts; London, England: Loeb Classical Library, Harvard University Press. pp. 56–57.
367:
in his own house, when the cult was being introduced to Athens, and lacked a proper place (τέμενος). For this, he was given the posthumous epithet
152:, known as one of three from whom at least one play has survived in full. His first plays were written later than, or contemporary with, those of
3353:
1025:
is known to have only been performed in 401 BC, posthumously, at the initiation of Sophocles' grandson. The convention on writing plays for the
2467:. Douglas Olson, S. (ed. and trans.). Cambridge, Massachusetts; London, England: Loeb Classical Library, Harvard University Press. p. 59.
2442:. Douglas Olson, S. (ed. and trans.). Cambridge, Massachusetts; London, England: Loeb Classical Library, Harvard University Press. p. 58.
2367:. Douglas Olson, S. (ed. and trans.). Cambridge, Massachusetts; London, England: Loeb Classical Library, Harvard University Press. p. 56.
2342:. Douglas Olson, S. (ed. and trans.). Cambridge, Massachusetts; London, England: Loeb Classical Library, Harvard University Press. p. 57.
2271:. Douglas Olson, S. (ed. and trans.). Cambridge, Massachusetts; London, England: Loeb Classical Library, Harvard University Press. p. 52.
2208:. Douglas Olson, S. (ed. and trans.). Cambridge, Massachusetts; London, England: Loeb Classical Library, Harvard University Press. p. 53.
348:, or treasurers of Athena, helping to manage the finances of the city during the political ascendancy of Pericles. In 441 BC, according to the
2417:. Campbell, D. A. (ed. and trans.). Cambridge, Massachusetts; London, England: Loeb Classical Library, Harvard University Press. p. 332.
2392:. Campbell, D. A. (ed. and trans.). Cambridge, Massachusetts; London, England: Loeb Classical Library, Harvard University Press. p. 333.
2591:, Vol I. London: W. Heinemann; New York: Macmillan, 1912 (often reprinted) – the 1994 Loeb, however, prints Sophocles in chronological order.
2540:
to shortly before 441/0 based on an anecdote that the play led to Sophocles' election as general. On other grounds, he cautiously suggests
4953:
2815:
2608:
2687:. Lloyd-Jones, H. (ed. and trans.). Cambridge, MA; London, England: Loeb Classical Library, Harvard University Press. p. 11.
6309:
388:
Sophocles died at the age of 90 or 91 in the winter of 406/5 BC, having seen, within his lifetime, both the Greek triumph in the
371:(receiver) by the Athenians. But "some doubt attaches to this story". He was also elected, in 411 BC, one of the commissioners (
2969:
3012:
Sommerstein, Alan Herbert (2007). "General Introduction", pp. xi–xxix in Sommerstein, A. H., Fitzpatrick, D.. and Tallboy, T.
563:
festivals. His reputation was such that foreign rulers invited him to attend their courts; but, unlike Aeschylus, who died in
2958:
2867:
2325:
1005:
to retrieve him; due to the Greeks' earlier treachery, however, Philoctetes refuses to rejoin the army. It is only Heracles'
719:, who kills his father and marries his mother, not knowing they are his parents. His family is cursed for three generations.
555:). After Aeschylus died, in 456 BC, Sophocles became the pre-eminent playwright in Athens, winning competitions at eighteen
4341:
3161:
2084:
8. Plutarch is mistaken about Aeschylus' death during this trip; he went on to produce dramas in Athens for another decade.
468:, claims that Sophocles once led a boy outside the city walls for sex; and that the boy snatched Sophocles' cloak (χλανίς,
2927:, Vols. 5 & 6 translated by Paul Shorey. Cambridge, MA, Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann Ltd. 1969.
6289:
3346:
3192:
4963:
4653:
4346:
4280:
1873:
6269:
4351:
4326:
3021:
3007:
2863:
2842:
2774:
2692:
2641:
2472:
2447:
2422:
2397:
2372:
2347:
2301:
2276:
2213:
2018:
2013:. Sophocles. Cambridge, Massachusetts; London, England: Loeb Classical Library, Harvard University Press. p. 9.
300:, the victory came under unusual circumstances: instead of following the usual custom of choosing judges by lot, the
619:
shows stylistic similarities to these two, suggesting that it was probably written in the later part of his career;
6160:
4909:
4336:
4331:
1955:
says he wrote 123, another ancient source says 130, but no exact number "is possible", see Lloyd-Jones 2003, p. 3.
795:
6274:
4803:
4663:
4658:
3935:
3118:
3047:
2512:
The first printed edition of the seven plays is by Aldus Manutius in Venice 1502: Sophoclis tragaediae [
6187:
4828:
4242:
3339:
1767:
in which Sophocles discusses his own growth as a writer. A likely source of this material for Plutarch was the
6182:
5739:
5232:
4748:
4668:
4366:
4076:
2973:
2785:
283:, which was to become a setting for one of his plays; and he was probably born there, a few years before the
6284:
6155:
4684:
4138:
3252:
896:
202:. For almost fifty years, Sophocles was the most celebrated playwright in the dramatic competitions of the
456:
Do you want me to enjoy my drink? Then hand me the cup nice and slow, and take it back nice and slow too.
5210:
4818:
4694:
4356:
4310:
4265:
4041:
3730:
5749:
6294:
5871:
5744:
4877:
4872:
4848:
4758:
4275:
3373:
2931:
491:
480:
413:
20:
1993:
6229:
6172:
5128:
4931:
4916:
4838:
4773:
4093:
3988:
3462:
3396:
3224:
3095:
3071:
1811:
168:
105:
4740:
4720:
3918:
3576:
4926:
4889:
4823:
4489:
4376:
3245:
686:
615:
186:
119:
419:
6264:
6259:
6209:
5333:
5133:
5118:
4921:
4904:
4884:
4853:
4753:
4689:
4305:
4290:
4260:
4221:
4098:
3950:
3452:
3185:
3152:
3085:
3061:
1712:
603:
192:
2949:
Seaford, Richard A. S. (2003). "Satyric drama". In Simon Hornblower and Antony Spawforth (ed.).
396:
without pausing to take a breath. Another account suggests he choked while eating grapes at the
6167:
5170:
4941:
4899:
4833:
4798:
4250:
4234:
3930:
3871:
3720:
3715:
2910:
2899:
2888:
2877:
2588:
2094:
McGraw-Hill Encyclopedia of World Drama: An International Reference Work in 5 Volumes, Volume 1
1868:
1175:
342:, Cimon's rival, when Cimon was ostracized in 461 BC. In 443/2, Sophocles served as one of the
2097:
551:, or scenery-painting; but this too is attributed elsewhere to someone else (by Vitruvius, to
6299:
6219:
5448:
5438:
5428:
5413:
5103:
4843:
4813:
4768:
4763:
4394:
4361:
4163:
4068:
4054:
3710:
3581:
3545:
693:. They have often been published under a single cover; but Sophocles wrote them for separate
1972:
5691:
5685:
5671:
5155:
5113:
5085:
4970:
4783:
4013:
3809:
3305:
1510:
807:
799:
775:
737:
681:
627:
461:
356:. He was supposed to have been elected to this position as the result of his production of
3030:. 2nd ed. Grene, David, and Lattimore, Richard, eds. Chicago: University of Chicago, 1991.
2604:
8:
5822:
5792:
5180:
5075:
5070:
4507:
3822:
3735:
3705:
3659:
3422:
2941:
890:
577:
1386:
6304:
6254:
6039:
5936:
5842:
5486:
5403:
5291:
4793:
4617:
4133:
4113:
3970:
3841:
3725:
3520:
3447:
3319:
3259:
3178:
2802:
1794:
1679:
819:
746:
675:
609:
536:
377:) who responded to the catastrophic destruction of the Athenian expeditionary force in
284:
230:
198:
126:
6215:
6114:
5701:
5250:
5098:
5050:
4894:
4863:
4808:
4725:
4602:
4474:
4295:
4128:
4081:
4021:
3895:
3877:
3853:
3835:
3790:
3745:
3740:
3391:
3277:
3114:
3109:
3017:
3003:
2954:
2859:
2838:
2770:
2688:
2637:
2468:
2443:
2418:
2393:
2368:
2343:
2321:
2297:
2272:
2239:
2209:
2014:
1067:
910:, who is driven to treachery and eventually suicide. Ajax becomes gravely upset when
543:, and increased opportunities for development and conflict. Aeschylus, who dominated
382:
331:
327:
1988:
876:
In addition to the three Theban plays, there are four surviving plays by Sophocles:
6044:
5576:
5541:
5358:
5215:
5093:
4980:
4975:
4300:
4255:
4086:
3993:
3609:
3442:
3427:
3417:
3284:
3231:
3128:
2794:
1832:
1798:
1187:
951:
930:
884:
878:
751:
621:
544:
514:
338:
might have been one of his patrons; but, if he was, there was no ill will borne by
276:
246:
237:(the other members of which are now lost). Sophocles influenced the development of
207:
174:
160:. Sophocles wrote over 120 plays, but only seven have survived in a complete form:
146:
66:
50:
2982:. Vol. 3. Boston: Little, Brown, and Company. pp. 865–73. Archived from
2238:. XIII. Translated by Yonge, Charles Duke. London: Henry G. Bohn. pp. 603–4.
918:
instead of himself. Despite their enmity toward him, Odysseus persuades the kings
643:
is put in a middle period. Most of Sophocles' plays show an undercurrent of early
6059:
5817:
5605:
5418:
5160:
5026:
4958:
4285:
3883:
3865:
3859:
3773:
3750:
3624:
3535:
3495:
3432:
3165:
2612:
1082:. A number of other Sophoclean works have survived only in fragments, including:
1079:
1026:
1006:
828:
438:
6084:
5797:
3158:
3090:
3066:
2983:
454:βούλει με ἡδέως πίνειν; βραδέως τοίνυν καὶ πρόσφερέ μοι καὶ ἀπόφερε τὴν κύλικα.
5941:
5881:
5876:
5832:
5613:
5561:
5551:
5531:
5521:
5265:
5260:
5255:
4108:
3907:
3901:
3889:
3689:
3664:
3437:
3362:
3291:
2636:. Gen. ed. Peter Simon. 8th ed. Vol. 1. New York: Norton, 1984. 648–52. Print.
2605:
Newly Readable Oxyrhynchus Papyri Reveal Works by Sophocles, Lucian, and Others
2233:
1882:
1307:
1299:
1062:
1056:
907:
787:
733:
703:
633:
1050:
in 1907. These amount to about half of the play, making it the best preserved
6248:
6177:
6094:
6069:
5759:
5681:
5363:
5306:
5205:
5195:
5165:
5147:
5021:
4173:
3955:
3847:
3803:
3765:
3604:
3525:
3312:
3105:
2780:
1773:
344:
250:
215:
847:. By contrast, in the other plays there is some struggle with Oedipus' sons
5994:
5946:
5812:
5666:
5536:
5175:
5011:
4517:
4479:
4178:
2318:
Lyco and Traos and Hieronymus of Rhodes: Text, Translation, and Discussion.
968:
540:
443:
389:
242:
2896:
Sophocles: Antigone. The Women of Trachis. Philoctetes. Oedipus at Colonus
859:, Sophocles attempts to work these inconsistencies into a coherent whole:
498:
when you were kissing † a courtesan †. You're not so clever, if you arrest
6014:
5906:
5886:
5714:
5222:
5200:
5190:
5185:
5108:
5065:
4612:
4522:
4512:
4399:
4389:
4153:
3530:
3505:
3238:
3217:
1204:
1002:
982:
813:
729:
724:
661:
639:
590:
552:
397:
319:
was probably one of the plays that Sophocles presented at this festival.
261:
180:
162:
112:
98:
5719:
5951:
5921:
5916:
5901:
5787:
5754:
5423:
5393:
5060:
4788:
4622:
4464:
4459:
4449:
4434:
4419:
4409:
4384:
3760:
3515:
3470:
2953:(revised 3rd ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 1361.
2581:
Sophocles, The Oedipus Cycle: Oedipus Rex, Oedipus at Colonus, Antigone
2577:
Sophocles: The Theban Plays: Antigone/King Oidipous/Oidipous at Colonus
1051:
1030:
994:
763:
750:, the banished Oedipus and his daughter Antigone arrive at the town of
2806:
637:, are generally thought early, again based on stylistic elements; and
5926:
5852:
5837:
5807:
5802:
5734:
5658:
5643:
5628:
5571:
5471:
5123:
5055:
4627:
4577:
4572:
4567:
4532:
4527:
4497:
4444:
4404:
4183:
4049:
4003:
3983:
3614:
3485:
3298:
3170:
2229:
1125:
1075:
1038:
972:
964:
935:
923:
852:
572:
447:
433:
373:
364:
310:
293:
234:
157:
153:
1029:
was to submit them in tetralogies of three tragedies along with one
613:
to 401 BC (staged after his death, by his grandson). Of the others,
37:
5976:
5966:
5956:
5931:
5709:
5676:
5638:
5581:
5496:
5481:
5338:
5328:
5245:
5240:
4637:
4632:
4592:
4587:
4562:
4542:
4469:
4424:
4414:
4270:
4168:
4103:
4031:
3639:
3137:
3133:
2798:
1760:
1071:
998:
939:
934:(named for the Trachinian women who make up the chorus) dramatizes
919:
915:
911:
848:
836:
767:
694:
648:
644:
556:
473:
339:
297:
289:
269:
Sophocles, the son of Sophillus, was a wealthy member of the rural
226:
5729:
2243:
500:
Eros for stealing clothes while you're sowing another man's field.
326:(a choral chant to a god), celebrating the Greek victory over the
6119:
6109:
6054:
6049:
6034:
6024:
6009:
6004:
5891:
5779:
5769:
5648:
5623:
5618:
5591:
5586:
5566:
5556:
5546:
5511:
5501:
5491:
5443:
5433:
5408:
5373:
5368:
5343:
4996:
4778:
4439:
4429:
4188:
4158:
4148:
4143:
4123:
4118:
3998:
3945:
3654:
3644:
3634:
3629:
3619:
3331:
2856:
Sexuality in Greek and Roman Society and Literature: A Sourcebook
2849:
Homosexuality in Greece and Rome: A Sourcebook of Basic Documents
1910:
Jones, Daniel; Roach, Peter, James Hartman and Jane Setter, eds.
960:
956:
755:
716:
698:
690:
595:
568:
222:
149:
84:
6064:
5378:
3037:
Volume 20. Chicago: Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc., 2005. 344–46.
3033:
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. "Macropaedia Knowledge In Depth".
2005:
6089:
6019:
5999:
5961:
5827:
5633:
5526:
5463:
5453:
5398:
5016:
5001:
4597:
4582:
4557:
4552:
4537:
4198:
4193:
3960:
3940:
3684:
3674:
3669:
3540:
3500:
3490:
3475:
2175:
1441:
1421:
1105:
986:
860:
840:
759:
564:
560:
409:
378:
301:
280:
211:
54:
3159:
SORGLL: Sophocles, Electra 1126–1170; read by Rachel Kitzinger
1856:
6099:
6074:
5971:
5911:
5896:
5764:
5724:
5476:
5388:
5383:
5353:
5348:
5323:
5006:
4547:
4502:
4454:
4026:
3978:
3679:
3649:
3596:
3571:
3510:
3480:
1973:
1047:
651:
logic as a mainstay for the long tradition of Greek tragedy.
601:
Only two of the seven surviving plays can be dated securely:
517:
353:
335:
323:
305:
238:
203:
1078:
imaging. The tragedy tells the story of the second siege of
6104:
6079:
6029:
5516:
5506:
3028:
Sophocles I: Oedipus the King, Oedipus at Colonus, Antigone
2573:
Sophocles I: Oedipus the King, Oedipus at Colonus, Antigone
1847:
990:
271:
2835:
The Greek Achievement: The Foundation of the Western World
2126:
2124:
1841:
2872:
Lloyd-Jones, Hugh, & Wilson, Nigel Guy (ed.) (1990).
2514:
2486:
2484:
770:. They fight, and simultaneously run each other through.
509:
2415:
Greek Lyric, Volume IV: Bacchylides, Corinna, and Others
2390:
Greek Lyric, Volume IV: Bacchylides, Corinna, and Others
2121:
210:
which took place during the religious festivals of the
2481:
697:, many years apart. The Theban plays are not a proper
496:
and stripped me naked. But the North Wind was with you
2979:
Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology
1859:
1850:
1844:
1838:
1009:
appearance that persuades Philoctetes to go to Troy.
571:, Sophocles never accepted any of these invitations.
2262:
2260:
2199:
2197:
1853:
2599:
2597:
1835:
1060:, which survives in its entirety. Fragments of the
989:by the rest of the Greek fleet while on the way to
156:; and earlier than, or contemporary with, those of
1754:
782:
762:. Oedipus dies and strife begins between his sons
2257:
2194:
363:In 420 BC, he was chosen to receive the image of
292:, beating the reigning master of Athenian drama,
6246:
2594:
2554:
2552:
2550:
1066:were discovered in April 2005 by classicists at
446:, of Sophocles flirting with a serving-boy at a
3567:
3014:Sophocles: Selected Fragmentary Plays: Volume 1
2767:Sophocles and the Tragedy of Athenian Democracy
900:, the last of which won first prize in 409 BC.
472:), leaving his own child-sized robe ("παιδικὸν
412:, and a grandson, also named Sophocles (son of
221:The most famous tragedies of Sophocles feature
2854:Johnson, Marguerite, & Terry Ryan (2005).
2536:Scullion, pp. 85–86, rejects attempts to date
949:corresponds roughly to the plot of Aeschylus'
253:to a greater extent than earlier playwrights.
3347:
3186:
2909:. Edited and translated by Hugh Lloyd-Jones,
2898:. Edited and translated by Hugh Lloyd-Jones,
2887:. Edited and translated by Hugh Lloyd-Jones,
2579:, Focus Publishing/R. Pullins Company, 2002;
2547:
1021:is known to have been written in 409 BC, and
906:focuses on the proud hero of the Trojan War,
487:Βορρᾶς ὡμίλησε. σὺ δ᾿ οὐ σοφός, ὃς τὸν Ἔρωτα,
2783:(1940). "Sophocles on His Own Development".
594:as an example of the highest achievement in
485:γυμνὸν ἐποίησεν· σοὶ δὲ φιλοῦντι † ἑταίραν †
265:A marble relief of a poet, perhaps Sophocles
2558:Sophocles, ed Grene and Lattimore, pp. 1–2.
494:, Euripides, and not a boy, that got me hot
322:In 480 BC Sophocles was chosen to lead the
4233:
3354:
3340:
3193:
3179:
2885:Sophocles: Ajax. Electra. Oedipus Tyrannus
2634:The Norton Anthology of Western Literature
997:without Philoctetes' bow, the Greeks send
993:. After learning that they cannot win the
36:
2682:
2462:
2437:
2412:
2387:
2362:
2337:
2291:
2266:
2228:
2203:
2006:LLoyd-Jones, H. (ed. and trans.) (1997).
1982:
16:5th century BC Athenian tragic playwright
6280:Ancient Greek dramatists and playwrights
2939:Scullion, Scott (2002). "Tragic dates",
1912:Cambridge English Pronouncing Dictionary
1788:
786:
508:
418:
260:
2948:
2646:
2619:, 18 April 2005. Retrieved 9 July 2007.
2050:
2048:
2046:
659:The Theban plays comprise three plays:
6247:
5287:
3200:
2669:
2667:
2521:
2036:
2034:
2032:
2030:
985:, an archer who had been abandoned on
535:Sophocles is known for innovations in
334:. Early in his career, the politician
233:, though each was part of a different
6144:
5286:
4715:
4219:
3566:
3386:
3335:
3174:
2967:
2779:
1938:
1936:
1934:
1932:
1930:
1928:
1926:
1924:
1922:
1920:
1881:
831:is the undisputed king at the end of
489:ἀλλοτρίαν σπείρων, λωποδύτην ἀπάγεις.
5755:Illicitanus Limin/Portus Illicitanus
3387:
2933:De vita Sophoclis poetae commentatio
2820:Suda on Line: Byzantine Lexicography
2043:
1012:
715:The three plays involve the tale of
707:, but only fragments have survived.
145:497/496 – winter 406/405 BC) was an
2945:, new sequence 52, pp. 81–101.
2664:
2027:
1914:. 17th edition. Cambridge UP, 2006.
689:during and after the reign of King
504:
483:, οὐ παῖς, Εὐριπίδη, ὅς με χλιαίνων
13:
4716:
3361:
2998:Sommerstein, Alan Herbert (2002).
2813:
2583:, Harvest Books, 2002; Sophocles,
2465:The Learned Banqueters, Volume VII
2440:The Learned Banqueters, Volume VII
2365:The Learned Banqueters, Volume VII
2340:The Learned Banqueters, Volume VII
2294:The Learned Banqueters, Volume VII
2269:The Learned Banqueters, Volume VII
2206:The Learned Banqueters, Volume VII
1917:
567:, or Euripides, who spent time in
229:: they are generally known as the
14:
6321:
3041:
1951:The exact number is unknown, the
360:, but this is "most improbable".
6224:
6214:
6205:
6204:
3141:
2905:Lloyd-Jones, Hugh (ed.) (1996).
2894:Lloyd-Jones, Hugh (ed.) (1994).
2883:Lloyd-Jones, Hugh (ed.) (1994).
1831:
1665:(The Diners, or, The Banqueters)
855:in regard to the succession. In
685:. All three concern the fate of
427:
6225:
3035:The New Encyclopædia Britannica
2951:The Oxford Classical Dictionary
2746:
2737:
2728:
2719:
2710:
2701:
2676:
2655:
2622:
2575:, University of Chicago, 1991;
2561:
2530:
2506:
2493:
2456:
2431:
2406:
2381:
2356:
2331:
2320:Transaction Publishers (2004).
2310:
2285:
2222:
2185:
2169:
2160:
2151:
2142:
2133:
2112:
2103:
2087:
2075:
2066:
2057:
1755:Sophocles' view of his own work
1514:(Odysseus Scourged with Thorns)
1138:(The Gathering of the Achaeans)
1074:technology previously used for
926:to grant Ajax a proper burial.
783:Composition and inconsistencies
654:
423:Sophocles, ancient Roman mosaic
6310:Gay dramatists and playwrights
2916:Lucas, Donald William (1964).
2191:Sommerstein (2002), pp. 41–42.
1999:
1958:
1945:
1904:
1824:
871:
823:. Nor were they composed as a
1:
3826:
3813:
3794:
3777:
2786:American Journal of Philology
1897:
796:Jean-Antoine-Théodore Giroust
582:
525:
142:
4954:Funeral and burial practices
4139:Military of Mycenaean Greece
3096:Resources in other libraries
3072:Resources in other libraries
2148:Lloyd-Jones 1994, pp. 12–13.
1765:De Profectibus in Virtute 7
416:), also became playwrights.
7:
3140:(public domain audiobooks)
3125:Works by or about Sophocles
2930:Schultz, Ferdinand (1835).
2847:Hubbard, Thomas K. (2003).
2569:Sophocles: The Theban Plays
2316:Fortenbaugh, William Wall.
2178:recounts this story in his
1805:
710:
245:in the presentation of the
10:
6326:
6290:Ancient Greek LGBTQ people
4878:Greek Revival architecture
4220:
3000:Greek Drama and Dramatists
2837:. New York: Viking Press.
2833:Freeman, Charles. (1999).
2759:
2661:Lloyd-Jones 2003, pp. 3–9.
2527:Lloyd-Jones 1994, pp. 8–9.
2054:Sommerstein (2007), p. xi.
1974:
1942:Sommerstein (2002), p. 41.
1872:
21:Sophocles (disambiguation)
18:
6200:
6151:
6145:
6140:
5985:
5862:
5851:
5778:
5700:
5657:
5604:
5462:
5314:
5305:
5301:
5282:
5231:
5146:
5084:
5046:
5039:
4989:
4949:
4940:
4862:
4739:
4735:
4711:
4677:
4646:
4488:
4375:
4319:
4286:Attalid kings of Pergamon
4241:
4232:
4228:
4215:
4094:Antigonid Macedonian army
4067:
4040:
4012:
3969:
3926:
3917:
3759:
3698:
3595:
3591:
3562:
3461:
3410:
3406:
3382:
3369:
3269:
3209:
3091:Resources in your library
3067:Resources in your library
2816:"Adler number: sigma,815"
2157:Schultz 1835, pp. 150–51.
1812:Theatre of ancient Greece
90:
80:
72:
60:
44:
35:
28:
6270:5th-century BC Athenians
2769:. Greenwood Publishing.
2130:Lloyd-Jones 1994, p. 13.
2118:Lloyd-Jones 1994, p. 12.
1817:
938:'s accidentally killing
914:’ armor is presented to
647:, and the beginnings of
251:developed his characters
3164:19 October 2017 at the
3153:Perseus Digital Library
2925:Plato in Twelve Volumes
2920:. W.W. Norton & Co.
2571:, Penguin Books, 1947;
2490:Lloyd-Jones 1994, p. 9.
2063:Lloyd-Jones 1994, p. 7.
1994:Encyclopædia Britannica
1883:[so.pʰo.klɛ̂ːs]
1214:(two versions produced)
754:, where they encounter
432:A very ancient source,
256:
6275:5th-century BC writers
4320:Artists & scholars
4235:List of ancient Greeks
3872:Second Athenian League
3721:Greco-Bactrian Kingdom
3546:Ancient Greek colonies
2968:Smith, Philip (1867).
2936:. Phil. Diss., Berlin.
2918:The Greek Tragic Poets
2911:Loeb Classical Library
2900:Loeb Classical Library
2889:Loeb Classical Library
2878:Oxford Classical Texts
2589:Loeb Classical Library
1759:There is a passage of
1361:(Hercules At Taenarum)
1101:(Ajax the Whip-Bearer)
802:
532:
502:
458:
424:
266:
64:406/405 BC(aged 90–92)
5439:Sybaris on the Traeis
4164:Sacred Band of Thebes
3904:(c. 300 BC–c. 300 AD)
3418:Cycladic civilization
3016:. Aris and Phillips.
2611:11 April 2006 at the
1789:Locations named after
1144:( Lovers of Achilles)
1129:(The Ethiopians), or
1046:) were discovered in
981:retells the story of
790:
695:festival competitions
520:Euiaon in Sophocles'
512:
478:
452:
422:
275:(small community) of
264:
4964:mythological figures
4685:Ancient Greek tribes
3810:Peloponnesian League
3306:Odysseus Acanthoplex
2907:Sophocles: Fragments
2652:Freeman, pp. 247–48.
1738:(Tyro Rediscovered).
1511:Odysseus Acanthoplex
1359:Herakles Epi Tainaro
963:avenge their father
931:The Women of Trachis
800:Dallas Museum of Art
738:riddle of the Sphinx
553:Agatharchus of Samos
462:Hieronymus of Rhodes
19:For other uses, see
6285:Ancient Greek poets
5076:Tunnel of Eupalinos
5071:Theatre of Dionysus
4695:Ancient Macedonians
4311:Tyrants of Syracuse
3823:Amphictyonic League
3423:Minoan civilization
3155:(Greek and English)
2942:Classical Quarterly
2765:Beer, Josh (2004).
2752:Bowra, pp. 385–401.
2166:Lucas 1964, p. 128.
1736:Tyro Anagnorizomene
1577:Philoctetes In Troy
1520:(Odysseus Gone Mad)
1518:Odysseus Mainomenos
1486:(Nauplius' Arrival)
1155:(The Sons of Aleus)
1121:(The Captive Women)
588:), used Sophocles'
408:. One of his sons,
5750:Menestheus's Limin
5404:Pandosia (Lucania)
5292:Greek colonisation
4654:Athenian statesmen
4415:Diogenes of Sinope
4276:Kings of Macedonia
4266:Kings of Commagene
4134:Macedonian phalanx
4114:Hellenistic armies
3862:(c. 424–c. 395 BC)
3726:Indo-Greek Kingdom
3448:Hellenistic Greece
3260:Oedipus at Colonus
3149:Works by Sophocles
3134:Works by Sophocles
3115:Works by Sophocles
3106:Works by Sophocles
2986:on 2 February 2007
2874:Sophoclis: Fabulae
2683:Sophocles (1997).
2603:Murray, Matthew, "
2463:Athenaeus (2011).
2438:Athenaeus (2011).
2413:Sophocles (1992).
2388:Sophocles (1992).
2363:Athenaeus (2011).
2338:Athenaeus (2011).
2292:Athenaeus (2011).
2267:Athenaeus (2011).
2235:The Deipnosophists
2204:Athenaeus (2011).
1795:Sophocles (crater)
1632:(The Root-Cutters)
1484:Nauplios Katapleon
1450:(The Prophets) or
1355:(Helen's Marriage)
1099:Aias Mastigophoros
1095:(Ajax the Locrian)
1023:Oedipus at Colonus
866:Oedipus at Colonus
857:Oedipus at Colonus
820:Oedipus at Colonus
803:
792:Oedipus at Colonus
747:Oedipus at Colonus
676:Oedipus at Colonus
610:Oedipus at Colonus
537:dramatic structure
533:
460:He also says that
439:Sophists at Dinner
425:
406:Oedipus at Colonus
285:Battle of Marathon
267:
199:Oedipus at Colonus
127:Oedipus at Colonus
6295:Greek gay writers
6238:
6237:
6196:
6195:
6136:
6135:
6132:
6131:
6128:
6127:
5702:Iberian Peninsula
5634:Lipara/Meligounis
5600:
5599:
5278:
5277:
5274:
5273:
5251:Cypriot syllabary
5142:
5141:
5051:Athenian Treasury
5035:
5034:
4707:
4706:
4703:
4702:
4296:Ptolemaic dynasty
4256:Archons of Athens
4211:
4210:
4207:
4206:
4082:Athenian military
4063:
4062:
3896:League of Corinth
3878:Thessalian League
3854:Chalcidian League
3836:Acarnanian League
3746:Ptolemaic Kingdom
3558:
3557:
3554:
3553:
3329:
3328:
3270:Fragmentary plays
3110:Project Gutenberg
3048:Library resources
2960:978-0-19-860641-3
2868:978-0-415-17331-5
2814:Finkel, Raphael.
2673:Seaford, p. 1361.
2567:See for example:
2326:978-1-4128-2773-7
2109:Beer 2004, p. 69.
2008:Introduction, in
1752:
1751:
1553:(Hammer-Strikers)
1492:(Nauplius' Fires)
1490:Nauplios Pyrkaeus
1347:Helenes Apaitesis
1208:(Sons of Antenor)
1142:Akhilleôs Erastai
1070:with the help of
1068:Oxford University
1054:after Euripides'
1013:Fragmentary plays
955:. It details how
728:, Oedipus is the
383:Peloponnesian War
332:Battle of Salamis
136:
135:
6317:
6228:
6227:
6218:
6208:
6207:
6142:
6141:
5860:
5859:
5359:Heraclea Lucania
5312:
5311:
5303:
5302:
5284:
5283:
5044:
5043:
4976:Twelve Olympians
4947:
4946:
4737:
4736:
4713:
4712:
4301:Seleucid dynasty
4281:Kings of Paionia
4230:
4229:
4217:
4216:
4087:Scythian archers
3994:Graphe paranomon
3924:
3923:
3831:
3828:
3818:
3815:
3799:
3796:
3786:
3782:
3779:
3593:
3592:
3564:
3563:
3443:Classical Greece
3428:Mycenaean Greece
3408:
3407:
3384:
3383:
3356:
3349:
3342:
3333:
3332:
3285:Amycos Satyrykos
3232:Women of Trachis
3195:
3188:
3181:
3172:
3171:
3145:
3144:
3129:Internet Archive
2995:
2993:
2991:
2964:
2830:
2828:
2826:
2810:
2753:
2750:
2744:
2741:
2735:
2732:
2726:
2723:
2717:
2714:
2708:
2705:
2699:
2698:
2680:
2674:
2671:
2662:
2659:
2653:
2650:
2644:
2630:Oedipus the King
2626:
2620:
2601:
2592:
2565:
2559:
2556:
2545:
2534:
2528:
2525:
2519:
2510:
2504:
2497:
2491:
2488:
2479:
2478:
2460:
2454:
2453:
2435:
2429:
2428:
2410:
2404:
2403:
2385:
2379:
2378:
2360:
2354:
2353:
2335:
2329:
2314:
2308:
2307:
2289:
2283:
2282:
2264:
2255:
2254:
2252:
2250:
2226:
2220:
2219:
2201:
2192:
2189:
2183:
2173:
2167:
2164:
2158:
2155:
2149:
2146:
2140:
2137:
2131:
2128:
2119:
2116:
2110:
2107:
2101:
2091:
2085:
2079:
2073:
2072:Freeman, p. 246.
2070:
2064:
2061:
2055:
2052:
2041:
2040:Freeman, p. 247.
2038:
2025:
2024:
2003:
1997:
1986:
1980:
1977:
1976:
1962:
1956:
1949:
1943:
1940:
1915:
1908:
1891:
1885:
1880:
1876:
1866:
1865:
1862:
1861:
1858:
1855:
1852:
1849:
1846:
1843:
1840:
1837:
1828:
1349:(Helen's Demand)
1136:Akhaiôn Syllogos
1085:
1084:
952:Libation Bearers
885:Women of Trachis
671:Oedipus the King
667:Oedipus Tyrannus
587:
584:
530:
527:
513:Portrait of the
505:Works and legacy
466:Historical Notes
308:, and the other
277:Hippeios Colonus
175:Women of Trachis
144:
40:
26:
25:
6325:
6324:
6320:
6319:
6318:
6316:
6315:
6314:
6245:
6244:
6239:
6234:
6192:
6147:
6124:
5987:
5981:
5864:
5855:
5847:
5818:Melaina Korkyra
5774:
5696:
5653:
5606:Aeolian Islands
5596:
5458:
5316:
5297:
5296:
5270:
5227:
5138:
5080:
5031:
4985:
4936:
4858:
4849:Wedding customs
4731:
4730:
4699:
4690:Thracian Greeks
4673:
4664:Olympic victors
4642:
4484:
4371:
4315:
4306:Kings of Sparta
4291:Kings of Pontus
4261:Kings of Athens
4237:
4224:
4203:
4099:Army of Macedon
4059:
4036:
4008:
3965:
3913:
3886:(370–c. 230 BC)
3884:Arcadian League
3868:(c. 400–188 BC)
3866:Aetolian League
3860:Boeotian League
3842:Hellenic League
3829:
3816:
3806:(c. 650–404 BC)
3797:
3791:Italiote League
3784:
3780:
3774:Doric Hexapolis
3764:
3755:
3751:Seleucid Empire
3694:
3587:
3586:
3550:
3457:
3433:Greek Dark Ages
3402:
3401:
3378:
3365:
3360:
3330:
3325:
3265:
3205:
3199:
3166:Wayback Machine
3142:
3102:
3101:
3100:
3077:
3076:
3056:
3055:
3051:
3044:
2989:
2987:
2961:
2824:
2822:
2762:
2757:
2756:
2751:
2747:
2742:
2738:
2733:
2729:
2724:
2720:
2715:
2711:
2706:
2702:
2695:
2681:
2677:
2672:
2665:
2660:
2656:
2651:
2647:
2627:
2623:
2613:Wayback Machine
2602:
2595:
2566:
2562:
2557:
2548:
2535:
2531:
2526:
2522:
2511:
2507:
2498:
2494:
2489:
2482:
2475:
2461:
2457:
2450:
2436:
2432:
2425:
2411:
2407:
2400:
2386:
2382:
2375:
2361:
2357:
2350:
2336:
2332:
2315:
2311:
2304:
2290:
2286:
2279:
2265:
2258:
2248:
2246:
2227:
2223:
2216:
2202:
2195:
2190:
2186:
2174:
2170:
2165:
2161:
2156:
2152:
2147:
2143:
2138:
2134:
2129:
2122:
2117:
2113:
2108:
2104:
2092:
2088:
2080:
2076:
2071:
2067:
2062:
2058:
2053:
2044:
2039:
2028:
2021:
2004:
2000:
1987:
1983:
1963:
1959:
1950:
1946:
1941:
1918:
1909:
1905:
1900:
1895:
1894:
1878:
1834:
1830:
1829:
1825:
1820:
1808:
1791:
1757:
1744:(Image-Bearers)
1611:(The Shepherds)
1382:(Water-Bearers)
1044:Tracking Satyrs
1027:Greek festivals
1015:
1007:deus ex machina
908:Telamonian Ajax
874:
785:
713:
657:
607:to 409 BC, and
585:
528:
507:
499:
497:
495:
490:
488:
486:
484:
455:
430:
296:. According to
259:
132:
65:
49:
31:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
6323:
6313:
6312:
6307:
6302:
6297:
6292:
6287:
6282:
6277:
6272:
6267:
6265:490s BC births
6262:
6260:400s BC deaths
6257:
6236:
6235:
6233:
6232:
6222:
6212:
6201:
6198:
6197:
6194:
6193:
6191:
6190:
6185:
6180:
6175:
6170:
6165:
6164:
6163:
6152:
6149:
6148:
6138:
6137:
6134:
6133:
6130:
6129:
6126:
6125:
6123:
6122:
6117:
6112:
6107:
6102:
6097:
6092:
6087:
6082:
6077:
6072:
6067:
6062:
6057:
6052:
6047:
6042:
6037:
6032:
6027:
6022:
6017:
6012:
6007:
6002:
5997:
5991:
5989:
5983:
5982:
5980:
5979:
5974:
5969:
5964:
5959:
5954:
5949:
5944:
5939:
5934:
5929:
5924:
5919:
5914:
5909:
5904:
5899:
5894:
5889:
5884:
5879:
5874:
5868:
5866:
5857:
5849:
5848:
5846:
5845:
5840:
5835:
5830:
5825:
5820:
5815:
5810:
5805:
5800:
5795:
5790:
5784:
5782:
5776:
5775:
5773:
5772:
5767:
5762:
5757:
5752:
5747:
5742:
5737:
5732:
5727:
5722:
5717:
5712:
5706:
5704:
5698:
5697:
5695:
5694:
5689:
5679:
5674:
5669:
5663:
5661:
5655:
5654:
5652:
5651:
5646:
5641:
5636:
5631:
5626:
5621:
5616:
5610:
5608:
5602:
5601:
5598:
5597:
5595:
5594:
5589:
5584:
5579:
5574:
5569:
5564:
5559:
5554:
5552:Megara Hyblaea
5549:
5544:
5539:
5534:
5532:Hybla Gereatis
5529:
5524:
5522:Heraclea Minoa
5519:
5514:
5509:
5504:
5499:
5494:
5489:
5484:
5479:
5474:
5468:
5466:
5460:
5459:
5457:
5456:
5451:
5446:
5441:
5436:
5431:
5426:
5421:
5416:
5411:
5406:
5401:
5396:
5391:
5386:
5381:
5376:
5371:
5366:
5361:
5356:
5351:
5346:
5341:
5336:
5331:
5326:
5320:
5318:
5309:
5299:
5298:
5295:
5294:
5288:
5280:
5279:
5276:
5275:
5272:
5271:
5269:
5268:
5266:Attic numerals
5263:
5261:Greek numerals
5258:
5256:Greek alphabet
5253:
5248:
5243:
5237:
5235:
5229:
5228:
5226:
5225:
5220:
5219:
5218:
5213:
5208:
5203:
5198:
5193:
5188:
5183:
5178:
5168:
5163:
5158:
5152:
5150:
5144:
5143:
5140:
5139:
5137:
5136:
5131:
5126:
5121:
5116:
5111:
5106:
5101:
5096:
5090:
5088:
5082:
5081:
5079:
5078:
5073:
5068:
5063:
5058:
5053:
5047:
5041:
5037:
5036:
5033:
5032:
5030:
5029:
5024:
5019:
5014:
5009:
5004:
4999:
4993:
4991:
4987:
4986:
4984:
4983:
4978:
4973:
4968:
4967:
4966:
4956:
4950:
4944:
4938:
4937:
4935:
4934:
4929:
4924:
4919:
4914:
4913:
4912:
4910:Musical system
4902:
4897:
4892:
4887:
4882:
4881:
4880:
4869:
4867:
4860:
4859:
4857:
4856:
4851:
4846:
4841:
4836:
4831:
4826:
4821:
4816:
4811:
4806:
4801:
4796:
4791:
4786:
4781:
4776:
4771:
4766:
4761:
4756:
4751:
4745:
4743:
4733:
4732:
4729:
4728:
4723:
4717:
4709:
4708:
4705:
4704:
4701:
4700:
4698:
4697:
4692:
4687:
4681:
4679:
4675:
4674:
4672:
4671:
4666:
4661:
4656:
4650:
4648:
4644:
4643:
4641:
4640:
4635:
4630:
4625:
4620:
4615:
4610:
4605:
4600:
4595:
4590:
4585:
4580:
4575:
4570:
4565:
4560:
4555:
4550:
4545:
4540:
4535:
4530:
4525:
4520:
4515:
4510:
4505:
4500:
4494:
4492:
4486:
4485:
4483:
4482:
4477:
4472:
4467:
4462:
4457:
4452:
4447:
4442:
4437:
4432:
4427:
4422:
4417:
4412:
4407:
4402:
4397:
4392:
4387:
4381:
4379:
4373:
4372:
4370:
4369:
4364:
4359:
4354:
4349:
4344:
4342:Mathematicians
4339:
4334:
4329:
4323:
4321:
4317:
4316:
4314:
4313:
4308:
4303:
4298:
4293:
4288:
4283:
4278:
4273:
4268:
4263:
4258:
4253:
4251:Kings of Argos
4247:
4245:
4239:
4238:
4226:
4225:
4213:
4212:
4209:
4208:
4205:
4204:
4202:
4201:
4196:
4191:
4186:
4181:
4176:
4171:
4166:
4161:
4156:
4151:
4146:
4141:
4136:
4131:
4126:
4121:
4116:
4111:
4109:Cretan archers
4106:
4101:
4096:
4091:
4090:
4089:
4079:
4073:
4071:
4065:
4064:
4061:
4060:
4058:
4057:
4052:
4046:
4044:
4038:
4037:
4035:
4034:
4029:
4024:
4018:
4016:
4010:
4009:
4007:
4006:
4001:
3996:
3991:
3986:
3981:
3975:
3973:
3967:
3966:
3964:
3963:
3958:
3953:
3948:
3943:
3938:
3933:
3927:
3921:
3915:
3914:
3912:
3911:
3908:Achaean League
3905:
3902:Euboean League
3899:
3893:
3890:Epirote League
3887:
3881:
3875:
3869:
3863:
3857:
3851:
3845:
3839:
3838:(c. 500–31 BC)
3833:
3820:
3807:
3801:
3788:
3770:
3768:
3766:Confederations
3757:
3756:
3754:
3753:
3748:
3743:
3738:
3733:
3728:
3723:
3718:
3713:
3708:
3702:
3700:
3696:
3695:
3693:
3692:
3690:Lissus (Crete)
3687:
3682:
3677:
3672:
3667:
3662:
3657:
3652:
3647:
3642:
3637:
3632:
3627:
3622:
3617:
3612:
3607:
3601:
3599:
3589:
3588:
3585:
3584:
3579:
3574:
3568:
3560:
3559:
3556:
3555:
3552:
3551:
3549:
3548:
3543:
3538:
3533:
3528:
3523:
3518:
3513:
3508:
3503:
3498:
3493:
3488:
3483:
3478:
3473:
3467:
3465:
3459:
3458:
3456:
3455:
3450:
3445:
3440:
3438:Archaic Greece
3435:
3430:
3425:
3420:
3414:
3412:
3404:
3403:
3400:
3399:
3394:
3388:
3380:
3379:
3377:
3376:
3370:
3367:
3366:
3363:Ancient Greece
3359:
3358:
3351:
3344:
3336:
3327:
3326:
3324:
3323:
3316:
3309:
3302:
3295:
3288:
3281:
3273:
3271:
3267:
3266:
3264:
3263:
3256:
3249:
3242:
3235:
3228:
3221:
3213:
3211:
3207:
3206:
3198:
3197:
3190:
3183:
3175:
3169:
3168:
3156:
3146:
3131:
3122:
3112:
3099:
3098:
3093:
3088:
3082:
3078:
3075:
3074:
3069:
3064:
3058:
3057:
3046:
3045:
3043:
3042:External links
3040:
3039:
3038:
3031:
3024:
3010:
2996:
2965:
2959:
2946:
2937:
2928:
2921:
2914:
2903:
2892:
2881:
2870:
2852:
2845:
2831:
2811:
2799:10.2307/291377
2793:(4): 385–401.
2777:
2761:
2758:
2755:
2754:
2745:
2743:Bowra, p. 396.
2736:
2734:Bowra, p. 392.
2727:
2725:Bowra, p. 389.
2718:
2716:Bowra, p. 401.
2709:
2707:Bowra, p. 386.
2700:
2693:
2675:
2663:
2654:
2645:
2621:
2593:
2560:
2546:
2529:
2520:
2505:
2492:
2480:
2473:
2455:
2448:
2430:
2423:
2405:
2398:
2380:
2373:
2355:
2348:
2330:
2309:
2302:
2284:
2277:
2256:
2221:
2214:
2193:
2184:
2168:
2159:
2150:
2141:
2132:
2120:
2111:
2102:
2086:
2074:
2065:
2056:
2042:
2026:
2019:
1998:
1981:
1957:
1944:
1916:
1902:
1901:
1899:
1896:
1893:
1892:
1822:
1821:
1819:
1816:
1815:
1814:
1807:
1804:
1803:
1802:
1797:, a crater on
1790:
1787:
1756:
1753:
1750:
1749:
1748:
1747:
1746:
1745:
1739:
1733:
1730:Tyro Keiromene
1727:
1722:
1716:
1709:
1704:
1699:
1694:
1689:
1683:
1676:
1671:
1666:
1660:
1654:
1648:
1643:
1638:
1633:
1627:
1622:
1617:
1612:
1606:
1601:
1595:
1590:
1585:
1584:(two versions)
1579:
1574:
1569:
1564:
1559:
1554:
1540:
1539:
1538:
1537:
1536:
1531:
1526:
1521:
1515:
1507:
1502:
1493:
1487:
1481:
1475:
1469:
1464:
1459:
1454:
1445:
1435:
1430:
1425:
1415:
1410:
1405:
1400:
1395:
1390:
1383:
1377:
1372:
1367:
1362:
1356:
1350:
1344:
1339:
1334:
1329:
1324:
1315:
1314:
1313:
1312:
1311:
1304:
1296:
1291:
1286:
1281:
1276:
1270:
1265:
1259:
1254:
1249:
1244:
1239:
1234:
1229:
1224:
1215:
1209:
1201:
1196:
1191:
1184:
1179:
1172:
1167:
1161:
1156:
1150:
1145:
1139:
1133:
1122:
1116:
1110:
1102:
1096:
1014:
1011:
873:
870:
843:at the end of
784:
781:
734:Delphic Oracle
712:
709:
656:
653:
634:The Trachiniae
506:
503:
492:It was the Sun
429:
426:
350:Vita Sophoclis
258:
255:
134:
133:
131:
130:
123:
116:
109:
102:
94:
92:
88:
87:
82:
78:
77:
74:
70:
69:
62:
58:
57:
46:
42:
41:
33:
32:
29:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6322:
6311:
6308:
6306:
6303:
6301:
6298:
6296:
6293:
6291:
6288:
6286:
6283:
6281:
6278:
6276:
6273:
6271:
6268:
6266:
6263:
6261:
6258:
6256:
6253:
6252:
6250:
6243:
6241:
6231:
6223:
6221:
6217:
6213:
6211:
6203:
6202:
6199:
6189:
6186:
6184:
6181:
6179:
6176:
6174:
6171:
6169:
6166:
6162:
6159:
6158:
6157:
6154:
6153:
6150:
6143:
6139:
6121:
6118:
6116:
6113:
6111:
6108:
6106:
6103:
6101:
6098:
6096:
6093:
6091:
6088:
6086:
6083:
6081:
6078:
6076:
6073:
6071:
6068:
6066:
6063:
6061:
6058:
6056:
6053:
6051:
6048:
6046:
6043:
6041:
6038:
6036:
6033:
6031:
6028:
6026:
6023:
6021:
6018:
6016:
6013:
6011:
6008:
6006:
6003:
6001:
5998:
5996:
5993:
5992:
5990:
5984:
5978:
5975:
5973:
5970:
5968:
5965:
5963:
5960:
5958:
5955:
5953:
5950:
5948:
5945:
5943:
5940:
5938:
5935:
5933:
5930:
5928:
5925:
5923:
5920:
5918:
5915:
5913:
5910:
5908:
5905:
5903:
5900:
5898:
5895:
5893:
5890:
5888:
5885:
5883:
5880:
5878:
5875:
5873:
5870:
5869:
5867:
5861:
5858:
5854:
5850:
5844:
5841:
5839:
5836:
5834:
5831:
5829:
5826:
5824:
5821:
5819:
5816:
5814:
5811:
5809:
5806:
5804:
5801:
5799:
5796:
5794:
5791:
5789:
5786:
5785:
5783:
5781:
5777:
5771:
5768:
5766:
5763:
5761:
5758:
5756:
5753:
5751:
5748:
5746:
5743:
5741:
5738:
5736:
5733:
5731:
5730:Hemeroscopion
5728:
5726:
5723:
5721:
5718:
5716:
5713:
5711:
5708:
5707:
5705:
5703:
5699:
5693:
5690:
5687:
5683:
5680:
5678:
5675:
5673:
5670:
5668:
5665:
5664:
5662:
5660:
5656:
5650:
5647:
5645:
5642:
5640:
5637:
5635:
5632:
5630:
5627:
5625:
5622:
5620:
5617:
5615:
5612:
5611:
5609:
5607:
5603:
5593:
5590:
5588:
5585:
5583:
5580:
5578:
5575:
5573:
5570:
5568:
5565:
5563:
5560:
5558:
5555:
5553:
5550:
5548:
5545:
5543:
5540:
5538:
5535:
5533:
5530:
5528:
5525:
5523:
5520:
5518:
5515:
5513:
5510:
5508:
5505:
5503:
5500:
5498:
5495:
5493:
5490:
5488:
5485:
5483:
5480:
5478:
5475:
5473:
5470:
5469:
5467:
5465:
5461:
5455:
5452:
5450:
5447:
5445:
5442:
5440:
5437:
5435:
5432:
5430:
5427:
5425:
5422:
5420:
5417:
5415:
5412:
5410:
5407:
5405:
5402:
5400:
5397:
5395:
5392:
5390:
5387:
5385:
5382:
5380:
5377:
5375:
5372:
5370:
5367:
5365:
5362:
5360:
5357:
5355:
5352:
5350:
5347:
5345:
5342:
5340:
5337:
5335:
5332:
5330:
5327:
5325:
5322:
5321:
5319:
5313:
5310:
5308:
5307:Magna Graecia
5304:
5300:
5293:
5290:
5289:
5285:
5281:
5267:
5264:
5262:
5259:
5257:
5254:
5252:
5249:
5247:
5244:
5242:
5239:
5238:
5236:
5234:
5230:
5224:
5221:
5217:
5214:
5212:
5209:
5207:
5204:
5202:
5199:
5197:
5194:
5192:
5189:
5187:
5184:
5182:
5181:Arcadocypriot
5179:
5177:
5174:
5173:
5172:
5169:
5167:
5164:
5162:
5159:
5157:
5154:
5153:
5151:
5149:
5145:
5135:
5134:Zeus, Olympia
5132:
5130:
5127:
5125:
5122:
5120:
5119:Hera, Olympia
5117:
5115:
5112:
5110:
5107:
5105:
5102:
5100:
5097:
5095:
5092:
5091:
5089:
5087:
5083:
5077:
5074:
5072:
5069:
5067:
5064:
5062:
5059:
5057:
5054:
5052:
5049:
5048:
5045:
5042:
5038:
5028:
5025:
5023:
5022:Mount Olympus
5020:
5018:
5015:
5013:
5010:
5008:
5005:
5003:
5000:
4998:
4995:
4994:
4992:
4990:Sacred places
4988:
4982:
4979:
4977:
4974:
4972:
4969:
4965:
4962:
4961:
4960:
4957:
4955:
4952:
4951:
4948:
4945:
4943:
4939:
4933:
4930:
4928:
4925:
4923:
4920:
4918:
4915:
4911:
4908:
4907:
4906:
4903:
4901:
4898:
4896:
4893:
4891:
4888:
4886:
4883:
4879:
4876:
4875:
4874:
4871:
4870:
4868:
4865:
4861:
4855:
4852:
4850:
4847:
4845:
4842:
4840:
4837:
4835:
4832:
4830:
4827:
4825:
4822:
4820:
4817:
4815:
4814:Olympic Games
4812:
4810:
4807:
4805:
4804:Homosexuality
4802:
4800:
4797:
4795:
4792:
4790:
4787:
4785:
4782:
4780:
4777:
4775:
4772:
4770:
4767:
4765:
4762:
4760:
4757:
4755:
4752:
4750:
4747:
4746:
4744:
4742:
4738:
4734:
4727:
4724:
4722:
4719:
4718:
4714:
4710:
4696:
4693:
4691:
4688:
4686:
4683:
4682:
4680:
4676:
4670:
4667:
4665:
4662:
4660:
4657:
4655:
4652:
4651:
4649:
4645:
4639:
4636:
4634:
4631:
4629:
4626:
4624:
4621:
4619:
4616:
4614:
4611:
4609:
4606:
4604:
4601:
4599:
4596:
4594:
4591:
4589:
4586:
4584:
4581:
4579:
4576:
4574:
4571:
4569:
4566:
4564:
4561:
4559:
4556:
4554:
4551:
4549:
4546:
4544:
4541:
4539:
4536:
4534:
4531:
4529:
4526:
4524:
4521:
4519:
4516:
4514:
4511:
4509:
4506:
4504:
4501:
4499:
4496:
4495:
4493:
4491:
4487:
4481:
4478:
4476:
4473:
4471:
4468:
4466:
4463:
4461:
4458:
4456:
4453:
4451:
4448:
4446:
4443:
4441:
4438:
4436:
4433:
4431:
4428:
4426:
4423:
4421:
4418:
4416:
4413:
4411:
4408:
4406:
4403:
4401:
4398:
4396:
4393:
4391:
4388:
4386:
4383:
4382:
4380:
4378:
4374:
4368:
4365:
4363:
4360:
4358:
4355:
4353:
4350:
4348:
4345:
4343:
4340:
4338:
4335:
4333:
4330:
4328:
4325:
4324:
4322:
4318:
4312:
4309:
4307:
4304:
4302:
4299:
4297:
4294:
4292:
4289:
4287:
4284:
4282:
4279:
4277:
4274:
4272:
4269:
4267:
4264:
4262:
4259:
4257:
4254:
4252:
4249:
4248:
4246:
4244:
4240:
4236:
4231:
4227:
4223:
4218:
4214:
4200:
4197:
4195:
4192:
4190:
4187:
4185:
4182:
4180:
4177:
4175:
4174:Seleucid army
4172:
4170:
4167:
4165:
4162:
4160:
4157:
4155:
4152:
4150:
4147:
4145:
4142:
4140:
4137:
4135:
4132:
4130:
4127:
4125:
4122:
4120:
4117:
4115:
4112:
4110:
4107:
4105:
4102:
4100:
4097:
4095:
4092:
4088:
4085:
4084:
4083:
4080:
4078:
4075:
4074:
4072:
4070:
4066:
4056:
4053:
4051:
4048:
4047:
4045:
4043:
4039:
4033:
4030:
4028:
4025:
4023:
4020:
4019:
4017:
4015:
4011:
4005:
4002:
4000:
3997:
3995:
3992:
3990:
3987:
3985:
3982:
3980:
3977:
3976:
3974:
3972:
3968:
3962:
3959:
3957:
3954:
3952:
3949:
3947:
3944:
3942:
3939:
3937:
3934:
3932:
3929:
3928:
3925:
3922:
3920:
3916:
3909:
3906:
3903:
3900:
3897:
3894:
3891:
3888:
3885:
3882:
3879:
3876:
3873:
3870:
3867:
3864:
3861:
3858:
3855:
3852:
3849:
3848:Delian League
3846:
3843:
3840:
3837:
3834:
3824:
3821:
3811:
3808:
3805:
3804:Ionian League
3802:
3792:
3789:
3785: 560 BC
3775:
3772:
3771:
3769:
3767:
3762:
3758:
3752:
3749:
3747:
3744:
3742:
3739:
3737:
3734:
3732:
3729:
3727:
3724:
3722:
3719:
3717:
3714:
3712:
3709:
3707:
3704:
3703:
3701:
3697:
3691:
3688:
3686:
3683:
3681:
3678:
3676:
3673:
3671:
3668:
3666:
3663:
3661:
3658:
3656:
3653:
3651:
3648:
3646:
3643:
3641:
3638:
3636:
3633:
3631:
3628:
3626:
3623:
3621:
3618:
3616:
3613:
3611:
3608:
3606:
3603:
3602:
3600:
3598:
3594:
3590:
3583:
3580:
3578:
3575:
3573:
3570:
3569:
3565:
3561:
3547:
3544:
3542:
3539:
3537:
3534:
3532:
3529:
3527:
3526:Magna Graecia
3524:
3522:
3519:
3517:
3514:
3512:
3509:
3507:
3504:
3502:
3499:
3497:
3494:
3492:
3489:
3487:
3484:
3482:
3479:
3477:
3474:
3472:
3469:
3468:
3466:
3464:
3460:
3454:
3451:
3449:
3446:
3444:
3441:
3439:
3436:
3434:
3431:
3429:
3426:
3424:
3421:
3419:
3416:
3415:
3413:
3409:
3405:
3398:
3395:
3393:
3390:
3389:
3385:
3381:
3375:
3372:
3371:
3368:
3364:
3357:
3352:
3350:
3345:
3343:
3338:
3337:
3334:
3322:
3321:
3317:
3315:
3314:
3310:
3308:
3307:
3303:
3301:
3300:
3296:
3294:
3293:
3289:
3287:
3286:
3282:
3280:
3279:
3275:
3274:
3272:
3268:
3262:
3261:
3257:
3255:
3254:
3250:
3248:
3247:
3243:
3241:
3240:
3236:
3234:
3233:
3229:
3227:
3226:
3222:
3220:
3219:
3215:
3214:
3212:
3208:
3204:
3196:
3191:
3189:
3184:
3182:
3177:
3176:
3173:
3167:
3163:
3160:
3157:
3154:
3150:
3147:
3139:
3135:
3132:
3130:
3126:
3123:
3120:
3116:
3113:
3111:
3107:
3104:
3103:
3097:
3094:
3092:
3089:
3087:
3084:
3083:
3081:
3073:
3070:
3068:
3065:
3063:
3060:
3059:
3054:
3049:
3036:
3032:
3029:
3025:
3023:
3022:0-85668-766-9
3019:
3015:
3011:
3009:
3008:0-415-26027-2
3005:
3002:. Routledge.
3001:
2997:
2985:
2981:
2980:
2975:
2974:William Smith
2971:
2966:
2962:
2956:
2952:
2947:
2944:
2943:
2938:
2935:
2934:
2929:
2926:
2922:
2919:
2915:
2912:
2908:
2904:
2901:
2897:
2893:
2890:
2886:
2882:
2879:
2875:
2871:
2869:
2865:
2864:0-415-17331-0
2861:
2858:. Routledge.
2857:
2853:
2850:
2846:
2844:
2843:0-670-88515-0
2840:
2836:
2832:
2821:
2817:
2812:
2808:
2804:
2800:
2796:
2792:
2788:
2787:
2782:
2778:
2776:
2775:0-313-28946-8
2772:
2768:
2764:
2763:
2749:
2740:
2731:
2722:
2713:
2704:
2696:
2694:9780674995574
2690:
2686:
2679:
2670:
2668:
2658:
2649:
2643:
2642:0-393-92572-2
2639:
2635:
2631:
2625:
2618:
2614:
2610:
2606:
2600:
2598:
2590:
2586:
2582:
2578:
2574:
2570:
2564:
2555:
2553:
2551:
2543:
2539:
2533:
2524:
2517:
2516:
2509:
2502:
2496:
2487:
2485:
2476:
2474:9780674996731
2470:
2466:
2459:
2451:
2449:9780674996731
2445:
2441:
2434:
2426:
2424:9780674995086
2420:
2416:
2409:
2401:
2399:9780674995086
2395:
2391:
2384:
2376:
2374:9780674996731
2370:
2366:
2359:
2351:
2349:9780674996731
2345:
2341:
2334:
2327:
2323:
2319:
2313:
2305:
2303:9780674996731
2299:
2295:
2288:
2280:
2278:9780674996731
2274:
2270:
2263:
2261:
2245:
2241:
2237:
2236:
2231:
2225:
2217:
2215:9780674996731
2211:
2207:
2200:
2198:
2188:
2181:
2177:
2172:
2163:
2154:
2145:
2136:
2127:
2125:
2115:
2106:
2099:
2095:
2090:
2083:
2082:Life of Cimon
2078:
2069:
2060:
2051:
2049:
2047:
2037:
2035:
2033:
2031:
2022:
2020:9780674995574
2016:
2012:
2009:
2002:
1996:
1995:
1990:
1985:
1978:
1970:
1966:
1961:
1954:
1948:
1939:
1937:
1935:
1933:
1931:
1929:
1927:
1925:
1923:
1921:
1913:
1907:
1903:
1889:
1884:
1875:
1870:
1869:Ancient Greek
1864:
1827:
1823:
1813:
1810:
1809:
1800:
1796:
1793:
1792:
1786:
1784:
1778:
1775:
1770:
1766:
1762:
1743:
1740:
1737:
1734:
1731:
1728:
1726:
1723:
1720:
1717:
1715:
1714:
1710:
1708:
1705:
1703:
1700:
1698:
1695:
1693:
1690:
1687:
1684:
1682:
1681:
1677:
1675:
1672:
1670:
1667:
1664:
1661:
1658:
1655:
1652:
1649:
1647:
1644:
1642:
1639:
1637:
1634:
1631:
1628:
1626:
1623:
1621:
1618:
1616:
1613:
1610:
1607:
1605:
1602:
1599:
1596:
1594:
1591:
1589:
1586:
1583:
1580:
1578:
1575:
1573:
1570:
1568:
1565:
1563:
1560:
1558:
1555:
1552:
1548:
1545:
1544:
1543:
1542:
1541:
1535:
1532:
1530:
1527:
1525:
1522:
1519:
1516:
1513:
1512:
1508:
1506:
1503:
1501:
1497:
1494:
1491:
1488:
1485:
1482:
1479:
1476:
1473:
1470:
1468:
1465:
1463:
1460:
1458:
1455:
1453:
1449:
1446:
1443:
1439:
1436:
1434:
1431:
1429:
1426:
1423:
1419:
1416:
1414:
1411:
1409:
1406:
1404:
1401:
1399:
1396:
1394:
1391:
1389:
1388:
1384:
1381:
1378:
1376:
1373:
1371:
1368:
1366:
1363:
1360:
1357:
1354:
1353:Helenes Gamos
1351:
1348:
1345:
1343:
1340:
1338:
1335:
1333:
1330:
1328:
1325:
1323:
1320:
1319:
1318:
1317:
1316:
1310:
1309:
1305:
1303:(The Progeny)
1302:
1301:
1297:
1295:
1292:
1290:
1287:
1285:
1282:
1280:
1277:
1274:
1271:
1269:
1266:
1263:
1260:
1258:
1255:
1253:
1250:
1248:
1245:
1243:
1240:
1238:
1235:
1233:
1230:
1228:
1225:
1223:
1219:
1216:
1213:
1210:
1207:
1206:
1202:
1200:
1197:
1195:
1192:
1190:
1189:
1185:
1183:
1180:
1178:
1177:
1173:
1171:
1168:
1165:
1162:
1160:
1157:
1154:
1151:
1149:
1146:
1143:
1140:
1137:
1134:
1132:
1128:
1127:
1123:
1120:
1119:Aikhmalôtides
1117:
1114:
1111:
1108:
1107:
1103:
1100:
1097:
1094:
1091:
1090:
1089:
1088:
1087:
1086:
1083:
1081:
1077:
1073:
1069:
1065:
1064:
1059:
1058:
1053:
1049:
1045:
1041:
1040:
1036:Fragments of
1034:
1032:
1028:
1024:
1020:
1010:
1008:
1004:
1000:
996:
992:
988:
984:
980:
976:
974:
970:
967:'s murder by
966:
962:
958:
954:
953:
948:
944:
941:
937:
933:
932:
927:
925:
921:
917:
913:
909:
905:
901:
899:
898:
893:
892:
887:
886:
881:
880:
869:
867:
862:
858:
854:
850:
846:
842:
838:
834:
830:
826:
822:
821:
816:
815:
810:
809:
801:
797:
793:
789:
780:
778:
777:
771:
769:
765:
761:
757:
753:
749:
748:
742:
739:
735:
731:
727:
726:
720:
718:
708:
706:
705:
700:
696:
692:
688:
684:
683:
678:
677:
672:
668:
665:(also called
664:
663:
652:
650:
646:
642:
641:
636:
635:
630:
629:
624:
623:
618:
617:
612:
611:
606:
605:
599:
597:
593:
592:
586: 335 BC
580:
579:
574:
570:
566:
562:
558:
554:
550:
546:
542:
538:
529: 430 BC
523:
519:
516:
511:
501:
493:
482:
477:
475:
471:
467:
463:
457:
451:
449:
445:
441:
440:
435:
428:Homosexuality
421:
417:
415:
411:
407:
403:
399:
395:
391:
386:
384:
380:
376:
375:
370:
366:
361:
359:
355:
351:
347:
346:
345:Hellenotamiai
341:
337:
333:
329:
325:
320:
318:
313:
312:
307:
303:
299:
295:
291:
286:
282:
278:
274:
273:
263:
254:
252:
248:
244:
240:
236:
232:
228:
224:
219:
217:
213:
209:
205:
201:
200:
195:
194:
189:
188:
183:
182:
177:
176:
171:
170:
165:
164:
159:
155:
151:
148:
147:ancient Greek
140:
129:
128:
124:
122:
121:
117:
115:
114:
110:
108:
107:
103:
101:
100:
96:
95:
93:
91:Notable works
89:
86:
83:
79:
75:
71:
68:
63:
59:
56:
52:
47:
43:
39:
34:
27:
22:
6300:Tragic poets
6242:
6240:
6025:Dionysopolis
5995:Abonoteichos
5947:Pantikapaion
5537:Hybla Heraea
4873:Architecture
4829:Prostitution
4607:
4518:Aristophanes
4377:Philosophers
4347:Philosophers
4179:Spartan army
3910:(280–146 BC)
3898:(338–322 BC)
3892:(370–168 BC)
3880:(374–196 BC)
3874:(378–355 BC)
3856:(430–348 BC)
3850:(478–404 BC)
3844:(499–449 BC)
3531:Peloponnesus
3453:Roman Greece
3318:
3311:
3304:
3297:
3290:
3283:
3276:
3258:
3251:
3244:
3237:
3230:
3223:
3216:
3210:Extant plays
3202:
3086:Online books
3080:By Sophocles
3079:
3062:Online books
3052:
3034:
3027:
3013:
2999:
2988:. Retrieved
2984:the original
2977:
2950:
2940:
2932:
2924:
2917:
2906:
2895:
2884:
2873:
2855:
2848:
2834:
2823:. Retrieved
2819:
2790:
2784:
2781:Bowra, C. M.
2766:
2748:
2739:
2730:
2721:
2712:
2703:
2684:
2678:
2657:
2648:
2633:
2629:
2624:
2617:Theatermania
2616:
2584:
2580:
2576:
2572:
2568:
2563:
2541:
2537:
2532:
2523:
2513:
2508:
2500:
2495:
2464:
2458:
2439:
2433:
2414:
2408:
2389:
2383:
2364:
2358:
2339:
2333:
2317:
2312:
2293:
2287:
2268:
2247:. Retrieved
2234:
2224:
2205:
2187:
2180:De Senectute
2179:
2171:
2162:
2153:
2144:
2135:
2114:
2105:
2093:
2089:
2081:
2077:
2068:
2059:
2011:
2007:
2001:
1992:
1984:
1968:
1967:(ed. Finkel
1964:
1960:
1952:
1947:
1911:
1906:
1887:
1826:
1782:
1779:
1768:
1764:
1758:
1741:
1735:
1732:(Tyro Shorn)
1729:
1724:
1718:
1711:
1706:
1701:
1696:
1691:
1685:
1678:
1673:
1668:
1662:
1656:
1650:
1645:
1640:
1635:
1629:
1624:
1619:
1614:
1608:
1603:
1597:
1592:
1587:
1581:
1576:
1571:
1566:
1561:
1556:
1550:
1546:
1533:
1528:
1523:
1517:
1509:
1504:
1499:
1495:
1489:
1483:
1477:
1471:
1466:
1461:
1456:
1451:
1447:
1437:
1432:
1427:
1417:
1412:
1407:
1402:
1397:
1392:
1385:
1379:
1374:
1369:
1364:
1358:
1352:
1346:
1341:
1336:
1331:
1326:
1321:
1306:
1298:
1293:
1288:
1283:
1278:
1272:
1267:
1261:
1256:
1252:Clytemnestra
1251:
1246:
1241:
1236:
1231:
1226:
1221:
1217:
1211:
1203:
1198:
1193:
1186:
1181:
1174:
1169:
1163:
1158:
1152:
1147:
1141:
1135:
1130:
1124:
1118:
1112:
1104:
1098:
1092:
1061:
1055:
1043:
1037:
1035:
1022:
1018:
1016:
978:
977:
969:Clytemnestra
950:
946:
945:
929:
928:
903:
902:
895:
889:
883:
877:
875:
865:
864:position in
856:
844:
832:
824:
818:
812:
806:
804:
791:
774:
772:
745:
743:
723:
721:
714:
702:
680:
674:
670:
666:
660:
658:
655:Theban plays
638:
632:
626:
620:
614:
608:
602:
600:
589:
576:
549:skenographia
548:
534:
521:
479:
469:
465:
459:
453:
444:Ion of Chios
437:
431:
405:
401:
393:
390:Persian Wars
387:
372:
368:
362:
357:
349:
343:
321:
316:
309:
270:
268:
231:Theban plays
220:
197:
191:
185:
179:
173:
167:
161:
138:
137:
125:
118:
111:
104:
97:
6173:Place names
6085:Salmydessus
5907:Kalos Limen
5887:Chersonesus
5877:Borysthenes
5582:Tauromenion
5394:Metapontion
5156:Proto-Greek
5109:Erechtheion
5104:Athena Nike
5066:Philippeion
4895:Mathematics
4866:and science
4749:Agriculture
4613:Stesichorus
4523:Bacchylides
4513:Archilochus
4400:Antisthenes
4390:Anaximander
4362:Seven Sages
4352:Playwrights
4332:Geographers
4327:Astronomers
4154:Pezhetairos
3781: 1100
3761:Federations
3660:Megalopolis
3597:City states
3572:City states
3320:Triptolemos
3253:Philoctetes
3239:Oedipus Rex
3026:Sophocles.
2990:19 February
2970:"Sophocles"
2685:Sophocles I
2628:Sophocles.
2501:Ars Poetica
2499:Aristotle.
2098:"Sophocles"
2010:Sophocles I
1774:C. M. Bowra
1742:Xoanephoroi
1719:Tympanistai
1713:Triptolemos
1659:(Scythians)
1604:Phthiôtides
1600:(Phrygians)
1551:Sphyrokopoi
1380:Hydrophoroi
1289:Dionysiacus
1275:(Judgement)
1264:(Mute Ones)
1205:Antenoridai
1166:(Alexander)
1115:(Aegisthus)
1093:Aias Lokros
1019:Philoctetes
1003:Neoptolemus
983:Philoctetes
979:Philoctetes
897:Philoctetes
872:Other plays
845:Oedipus Rex
833:Oedipus Rex
814:Oedipus Rex
730:protagonist
725:Oedipus Rex
662:Oedipus Rex
640:Oedipus Rex
604:Philoctetes
591:Oedipus Rex
398:Anthesteria
381:during the
317:Triptolemus
193:Philoctetes
181:Oedipus Rex
113:Oedipus Rex
6249:Categories
6075:Polemonion
5952:Phanagoria
5922:Kimmerikon
5917:Kerkinitis
5902:Hermonassa
5892:Dioscurias
5788:Aspalathos
5735:Kalathousa
5710:Akra Leuke
5639:Phoenicusa
5424:Scylletium
5409:Poseidonia
5329:Brentesion
5216:Pamphylian
5211:Macedonian
5129:Samothrace
5114:Hephaestus
5061:Long Walls
5040:Structures
4981:Underworld
4927:Technology
4890:Literature
4824:Philosophy
4789:Euergetism
4678:By culture
4623:Thucydides
4465:Pythagoras
4460:Protagoras
4450:Parmenides
4435:Heraclitus
4420:Empedocles
4410:Democritus
4395:Anaximenes
4385:Anaxagoras
4337:Historians
3830: 595
3817: 550
3798: 800
3783: – c.
3711:Cappadocia
3516:Ionian Sea
3506:Hellespont
3471:Aegean Sea
3278:Amphiaraus
3119:Faded Page
2244:2002554451
1898:References
1879:pronounced
1721:(Drummers)
1663:Syndeipnoi
1653:(Scyrians)
1630:Rhizotomoi
1194:Andromache
1182:Amphitryôn
1176:Amphiaraus
1164:Alexandros
1052:satyr play
1031:satyr play
995:Trojan War
764:Polyneices
758:, King of
559:, and six
249:. He also
204:city-state
73:Occupation
48:497/496 BC
6305:Gay poets
6255:Sophocles
6161:in Epirus
6110:Trapezous
6055:Mesambria
6040:Eupatoria
6010:Apollonia
6005:Anchialos
5967:Theodosia
5937:Nymphaion
5927:Myrmekion
5897:Gorgippia
5853:Black Sea
5838:Tragurion
5823:Nymphaion
5808:Epidauros
5803:Epidamnos
5793:Apollonia
5770:Zacynthos
5692:Ptolemais
5686:Apollonia
5659:Cyrenaica
5649:Therassía
5644:Strongyle
5624:Ereikousa
5547:Leontinoi
5487:Apollonia
5364:Hipponion
5161:Mycenaean
5124:Parthenon
5056:Lion Gate
4959:Mythology
4922:Sculpture
4885:Astronomy
4819:Pederasty
4794:Festivals
4779:Education
4659:Lawgivers
4628:Timocreon
4608:Sophocles
4603:Simonides
4578:Philocles
4573:Panyassis
4568:Mimnermus
4533:Herodotus
4528:Euripides
4498:Aeschylus
4445:Leucippus
4405:Aristotle
4184:Strategos
4050:Synedrion
4004:Ostracism
3984:Areopagus
3936:Free city
3731:Macedonia
3615:Byzantion
3521:Macedonia
3486:Cyrenaica
3463:Geography
3397:Geography
3299:Ichneutae
3203:Sophocles
3201:Plays by
3053:Sophocles
2230:Athenaeus
1989:Sophocles
1888:Sophoklễs
1769:Epidemiae
1763:'s tract
1725:Tyndareos
1636:Salmoneus
1534:Palamedes
1500:Plyntriai
1480:(Mysians)
1457:Meleagros
1433:Larisaioi
1422:Lacaenian
1408:Iphigenia
1370:Hipponous
1342:Eurysaces
1337:Eurypylus
1257:Colchides
1232:Cassandra
1222:Mykenaiai
1199:Andromeda
1126:Aithiopes
1113:Aigisthos
1076:satellite
1039:Ichneutae
973:Aegisthus
965:Agamemnon
936:Deianeira
924:Agamemnon
853:Polynices
575:, in his
573:Aristotle
522:Andromeda
464:, in his
448:symposium
434:Athenaeus
402:The Muses
374:probouloi
365:Asclepius
311:strategoi
294:Aeschylus
235:tetralogy
158:Euripides
154:Aeschylus
150:tragedian
139:Sophocles
76:Tragedian
30:Sophocles
6210:Category
6188:Theatres
6115:Tripolis
6050:Kerasous
6045:Heraclea
5977:Tyritake
5932:Nikonion
5843:Thronion
5765:Salauris
5720:Emporion
5677:Berenice
5667:Balagrae
5619:Euonymos
5592:Tyndaris
5577:Syracuse
5572:Selinous
5542:Kamarina
5497:Casmenae
5482:Akrillai
5399:Neápolis
5334:Caulonia
5315:Mainland
5246:Linear B
5241:Linear A
5171:Dialects
5148:Language
4942:Religion
4900:Medicine
4834:Religion
4799:Folklore
4784:Emporium
4759:Clothing
4754:Calendar
4638:Xenophon
4633:Tyrtaeus
4618:Theognis
4593:Polybius
4588:Plutarch
4563:Menander
4543:Hipponax
4470:Socrates
4425:Epicurus
4271:Diadochi
4169:Sciritae
4129:Hetairoi
4104:Ballista
4069:Military
4032:Gerousia
4022:Ekklesia
3989:Ecclesia
3971:Athenian
3919:Politics
3832:–279 BC)
3819:–366 BC)
3800:–389 BC)
3736:Pergamon
3706:Bithynia
3699:Kingdoms
3640:Pergamon
3582:Military
3577:Politics
3374:Timeline
3225:Antigone
3162:Archived
3138:LibriVox
3121:(Canada)
2913:No. 483.
2825:14 March
2609:Archived
2538:Antigone
2328:. p. 161
2249:24 April
2232:(1854).
1975:Σοφοκλῆς
1971:): s.v.
1874:Σοφοκλῆς
1806:See also
1761:Plutarch
1702:Thyestes
1692:Thamyras
1688:(Teucer)
1674:Telephus
1669:Tantalus
1646:Sisyphus
1615:Polyxene
1609:Poimenes
1567:Phaiakes
1529:Oenomaus
1496:Nausicaa
1452:Polyidus
1418:Lacaenae
1365:Hermione
1332:Euryalus
1308:Eriphyle
1279:Daedalus
1247:Chryseis
1242:Cerberus
1237:Cedaliôn
1148:Akrisios
1109:(Aegeus)
1072:infrared
999:Odysseus
940:Heracles
920:Menelaus
916:Odysseus
912:Achilles
849:Eteocles
837:Antigone
808:Antigone
798:(1788),
776:Antigone
768:Eteocles
711:Subjects
682:Antigone
649:Socratic
645:fatalism
628:Antigone
557:Dionysia
545:Athenian
481:Ἥλιος ἦν
436:'s work
394:Antigone
358:Antigone
340:Pericles
328:Persians
298:Plutarch
290:Dionysia
227:Antigone
216:Dionysia
214:and the
169:Antigone
106:Antigone
6230:Outline
6183:Temples
6120:Zaliche
6100:Thèrmae
6090:Sesamus
6060:Odessos
6035:Cytorus
6030:Cotyora
5780:Illyria
5745:Mainake
5740:Kypsela
5629:Hycesia
5587:Thermae
5567:Segesta
5557:Messana
5512:Helorus
5492:Calacte
5472:Akragas
5434:Sybaris
5419:Rhegion
5374:Krimisa
5324:Alision
5233:Writing
5206:Locrian
5196:Epirote
5166:Homeric
5099:Artemis
5086:Temples
5027:Olympia
4997:Eleusis
4932:Theatre
4917:Pottery
4844:Warfare
4839:Slavery
4774:Economy
4769:Cuisine
4764:Coinage
4741:Society
4726:Culture
4721:Society
4669:Tyrants
4508:Alcaeus
4490:Authors
4440:Hypatia
4430:Gorgias
4367:Writers
4189:Toxotai
4159:Sarissa
4149:Peltast
4144:Phalanx
4124:Hoplite
4119:Hippeis
4042:Macedon
4014:Spartan
3999:Heliaia
3946:Proxeny
3655:Larissa
3650:Kerkyra
3645:Eretria
3635:Miletus
3630:Ephesus
3625:Corinth
3620:Chalcis
3541:Taurica
3411:Periods
3392:History
3292:Epigoni
3246:Electra
3151:at the
3127:at the
2976:(ed.).
2923:Plato.
2902:No. 21.
2891:No. 20.
2760:Sources
2544:450 BC.
1991:at the
1799:Mercury
1707:Troilus
1697:Theseus
1686:Teukros
1657:Skythai
1651:Skyrioi
1625:Procris
1598:Phryges
1593:Phrixus
1588:Phoenix
1582:Phineus
1572:Phaedra
1547:Pandora
1474:(Muses)
1448:Manteis
1442:Lemnian
1438:Lemniai
1428:Laocoôn
1393:Iobates
1387:Inachos
1327:Eumelus
1300:Epigoni
1294:Dolopes
1227:Camicoi
1212:Athamas
1170:Alcmeôn
1153:Aleadae
1063:Epigoni
1057:Cyclops
961:Orestes
957:Electra
947:Electra
891:Electra
825:trilogy
756:Theseus
752:Colonus
717:Oedipus
704:Epigoni
699:trilogy
691:Oedipus
616:Electra
596:tragedy
578:Poetics
569:Macedon
474:ἱμάτιον
470:khlanis
414:Ariston
330:at the
223:Oedipus
187:Electra
120:Electra
85:Tragedy
51:Colonus
6220:Portal
6168:People
6156:Cities
6095:Sinope
6080:Rhizos
6070:Phasis
6020:Bathus
6015:Athina
6000:Amisos
5962:Tanais
5957:Pityus
5882:Charax
5833:Pharos
5828:Orikon
5725:Helike
5715:Alonis
5682:Cyrene
5614:Didyme
5527:Himera
5502:Catana
5464:Sicily
5454:Thurii
5449:Terina
5414:Pixous
5369:Hydrus
5344:Croton
5176:Aeolic
5094:Aphaea
5017:Dodona
5002:Delphi
4971:Temple
4647:Others
4598:Sappho
4583:Pindar
4558:Lucian
4553:Ibycus
4538:Hesiod
4475:Thales
4243:Rulers
4222:People
4199:Xyston
4194:Xiphos
4055:Koinon
3961:Tyrant
3951:Stasis
3941:Koinon
3741:Pontus
3716:Epirus
3685:Sparta
3675:Rhodes
3670:Megara
3665:Thebes
3610:Athens
3536:Pontus
3501:Epirus
3491:Cyprus
3476:Aeolis
3313:Tereus
3050:about
3020:
3006:
2957:
2862:
2841:
2807:291377
2805:
2773:
2691:
2640:
2471:
2446:
2421:
2396:
2371:
2346:
2324:
2300:
2275:
2242:
2212:
2176:Cicero
2017:
1969:et al.
1680:Tereus
1562:Peleus
1557:Pelias
1524:Oeneus
1472:Mousai
1444:Women)
1424:Women)
1398:Iokles
1375:Hybris
1273:Crisis
1268:Creusa
1262:Côphoi
1218:Atreus
1188:Amycos
1159:Aletes
1131:Memnon
1106:Aigeus
1080:Thebes
987:Lemnos
894:, and
861:Ismene
841:Ismene
817:, and
760:Athens
687:Thebes
679:, and
631:, and
565:Sicily
561:Lenaia
541:chorus
410:Iophon
379:Sicily
369:Dexion
304:asked
302:archon
281:Attica
243:chorus
212:Lenaea
208:Athens
196:, and
67:Athens
55:Attica
6178:Stoae
6146:Lists
6065:Oinòe
5988:coast
5986:South
5972:Tyras
5942:Olbia
5912:Kepoi
5865:coast
5863:North
5856:basin
5798:Aulon
5760:Rhode
5672:Barca
5562:Naxos
5517:Henna
5477:Akrai
5444:Taras
5429:Siris
5389:Medma
5384:Locri
5349:Cumae
5339:Chone
5317:Italy
5223:Koine
5201:Ionic
5191:Doric
5186:Attic
5007:Delos
4905:Music
4548:Homer
4503:Aesop
4455:Plato
4357:Poets
4027:Ephor
3979:Agora
3956:Tagus
3931:Boule
3680:Samos
3605:Argos
3511:Ionia
3496:Doris
3481:Crete
2972:. In
2803:JSTOR
2585:Works
2182:7.22.
1818:Notes
1641:Sinon
1620:Priam
1549:, or
1505:Niobe
1498:, or
1478:Mysoi
1467:Momus
1462:Minôs
1413:Ixiôn
1284:Danae
1220:, or
1048:Egypt
829:Creon
518:actor
515:Greek
354:Samos
336:Cimon
324:paean
306:Cimon
239:drama
81:Genre
6105:Tium
5872:Akra
5813:Issa
5507:Gela
5379:Laüs
5354:Elea
5012:Dion
4864:Arts
4854:Wine
4480:Zeno
4077:Wars
3218:Ajax
3018:ISBN
3004:ISBN
2992:2007
2955:ISBN
2860:ISBN
2839:ISBN
2827:2007
2771:ISBN
2689:ISBN
2638:ISBN
2469:ISBN
2444:ISBN
2419:ISBN
2394:ISBN
2369:ISBN
2344:ISBN
2322:ISBN
2298:ISBN
2273:ISBN
2251:2021
2240:LCCN
2210:ISBN
2015:ISBN
1965:Suda
1953:Suda
1783:Ajax
1322:Eris
1001:and
991:Troy
971:and
959:and
922:and
904:Ajax
879:Ajax
851:and
839:and
766:and
622:Ajax
272:deme
257:Life
247:plot
225:and
163:Ajax
99:Ajax
61:Died
45:Born
4809:Law
3136:at
3117:at
3108:at
2795:doi
2615:",
2515:sic
1403:Iôn
794:by
773:In
744:In
722:In
673:),
669:or
279:in
206:of
6251::
3827:c.
3814:c.
3795:c.
3778:c.
2876:.
2866:,
2818:.
2801:.
2791:61
2789:.
2666:^
2632:.
2607:.
2596:^
2587:,
2549:^
2542:c.
2483:^
2259:^
2196:^
2123:^
2096:,
2045:^
2029:^
1919:^
1886:,
1877:,
1871::
1867:;
1857:iː
975:.
888:,
882:,
811:,
625:,
598:.
583:c.
526:c.
524:,
385:.
190:,
184:,
178:,
172:,
166:,
143:c.
53:,
5688:)
5684:(
3825:(
3812:(
3793:(
3787:)
3776:(
3763:/
3355:e
3348:t
3341:v
3194:e
3187:t
3180:v
2994:.
2963:.
2880:.
2851:.
2829:.
2809:.
2797::
2697:.
2503:.
2477:.
2452:.
2427:.
2402:.
2377:.
2352:.
2306:.
2281:.
2253:.
2218:.
2100:.
2023:.
1979:.
1890:.
1863:/
1860:z
1854:l
1851:k
1848:ə
1845:f
1842:ɒ
1839:s
1836:ˈ
1833:/
1801:.
1440:(
1420:(
1042:(
581:(
531:.
450::
141:(
23:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
