31:
52:
240:
was not included in the study.) An alternative hypothesis explored by RamĂrez also placed
Thomisidae in the Lycosoidea. Polotow et al. (2015) concluded that a seven-family Lycosoidea was monophyletic. Of the "classical" lycosoid families, they put back Ctenidae left out by RamĂrez (although saying that the family is not monophyletic), but additionally excluded Senoculidae. They supported RamĂrez' alternative of placing Thomisidae in Lycosoidea.
239:
group, although with varying compositions and placements within clades. RamĂrez, as part of a study primarily directed at dionychans, suggested that a reduced
Lycosoidea, consisting of only five families, was monophyletic. Ctenidae and Zoropsidae were excluded from the lycosoid clade. (Trechaleidae
234:
of the
Lycosoidea was based on the possession of a grate-shaped tapetum in some or all of the indirect eyes. In 1993, Griswold concluded that the Lycosoidea so defined was monophyletic, although some of the lycosoid families (as then circumscribed) were not. (See the table below for the families
188:
was based on a feature of the eyes. The tapetum is a reflective layer at the back of the eye, thought to increase sensitivity in low light levels. Lycosoids were then defined by having a "grate-shaped" tapetum. Research from the late 1990s onwards suggests that this feature has evolved more than
212:
of the
Lycosoidea and related groups has been studied using both morphological and molecular data. Comparing these studies is complicated by the redrawing of family boundaries. Thus potential lycosoid genera placed in the family
683:
These results demonstrate that the reflective qualities of the tapeta, and perhaps the absorptive qualities of other tissues and media that the light must traverse, vary widely among lycosoid spiders.
223:, have since been placed in the Zoropsidae. The family Ctenidae, placed in the Lycosoidea in many analyses, has been reduced by moving some genera into the new family
435:
of araneomorph spiders. Within this clade, Polotow et al. place them within a "grate-shaped tapetum clade", with the family
Zoropsidae as their sister:
235:
included in this and later studies.) Stiphidiidae was later excluded from the
Lycosoidea. Later studies have recovered a version of Lycosoidea as a
2038:
842:
945:
617:
2043:
2097:
1084:
882:"Total evidence analysis of the phylogenetic relationships of Lycosoidea spiders (Araneae, Entelegynae)"
827:
231:
185:
51:
702:"Investigations into the phylogeny of Lycosoid spiders and their kin (Arachnida: Araneae: Lycosoidea)"
193:. Studies published in 2014 and 2015 suggest that a smaller group of families does form a clade.
2092:
2069:
1978:
2064:
1832:
1116:
938:
2056:
2016:
1383:
8:
1691:
1756:
1600:
1092:
674:
666:
46:
2051:
1814:
1608:
1493:
1314:
838:
701:
678:
1533:
1507:
1301:
1168:
931:
912:
893:
754:
713:
658:
646:
30:
1955:
1888:
1800:
1585:
1375:
1319:
1160:
1137:
197:
1777:
1736:
1665:
1412:
1280:
1256:
1246:
1189:
1076:
174:
2086:
1741:
1728:
1670:
1591:
1577:
1551:
1541:
1512:
1399:
1370:
1288:
1219:
1068:
1056:
1044:
1021:
751:
Higher-level relationships of the spider family
Ctenidae (Araneae, Ctenoidea)
209:
178:
123:
717:
2001:
1911:
1906:
1883:
1868:
1809:
1746:
1616:
1484:
1463:
1420:
1347:
1309:
1142:
1132:
1100:
1013:
809:
807:
730:
391:
359:
224:
923:
909:
The morphology and phylogeny of dionychan spiders (Araneae, Araneomorphae)
2025:
2010:
1878:
1841:
1822:
1786:
1715:
1699:
1648:
1639:
1630:
1471:
1441:
1337:
1197:
980:
343:
189:
once, possibly as many as five times, so that the original
Lycosoidea is
136:
93:
38:
880:
Polotow, Daniele; Carmichael, Anthea & Griswold, Charles E. (2015).
857:
804:
670:
1926:
1917:
1898:
1859:
1850:
1771:
1723:
1707:
1683:
1678:
1657:
1621:
1572:
1556:
1525:
1517:
1454:
1391:
1342:
1272:
1264:
1251:
1238:
1181:
1155:
1124:
1108:
1002:
765:
534:
407:
375:
327:
311:
214:
2030:
1873:
1827:
1791:
1546:
1404:
1361:
1355:
1328:
1202:
1150:
974:
916:
662:
647:"Reflections on the tapetum lucidum and eyeshine in lycosoid spiders"
432:
295:
279:
236:
190:
83:
63:
1972:
898:
881:
758:
1995:
1893:
1751:
1502:
1479:
1296:
986:
496:
473:
263:
103:
1764:
1564:
1173:
623:. In Ubick, D.; Paquin, P.; Cushing, P.E. & Roth, V. (eds.).
219:
968:
955:
181:
113:
73:
170:
879:
863:
813:
792:
771:
736:
782:
780:
596:
594:
425:** Some genera included were then placed in Miturgidae.
911:. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History.
753:. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History.
777:
591:
625:Spiders of North America: an identification manual
627:. American Arachnological Society. pp. 18–24
2084:
1145:(funnel-webs or venomous funnel-web tarantulas)
431:Lycosoid families are located within the large
939:
200:vary significantly betwixt lycosoid spiders.
1536:(wandering spiders or tropical wolf spiders)
953:
644:
508:Grate‑shaped tapetum clade
1042:
946:
932:
615:
29:
1095:(atypical tarantulas or purseweb spiders)
897:
864:Polotow, Carmichael & Griswold (2015)
814:Polotow, Carmichael & Griswold (2015)
772:Polotow, Carmichael & Griswold (2015)
737:Polotow, Carmichael & Griswold (2015)
618:"Phylogeny and classification of spiders"
1963:are families with more than 1000 species
699:
695:
693:
691:
611:
609:
1000:
906:
825:
798:
786:
645:Benson, Kari; Suter, Robert B. (2013).
600:
2085:
819:
748:
1977:
1976:
1041:
999:
927:
742:
688:
606:
706:Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology
244:Some circumscriptions of Lycosoidea
13:
1394:(violin spiders, assassin spiders)
828:"Appendix : Spider Phylogeny"
14:
2109:
485:Oval calamistrum clade
196:The reflective attributes of the
1633:(sheet weavers or money spiders)
616:Coddington, Jonathan A. (2005).
50:
1087:(Australian funnel-web spiders)
873:
826:Nentwig, Wolfgang, ed. (2013).
638:
1:
1594:(flat-bellied ground spiders)
1071:(mouse spiders and relatives)
584:
1457:(araneomorph funnel weavers)
749:Davila, Diana Silva (2003).
423:* Not included in the study.
203:
7:
1111:(cork-lid trapdoor spiders)
907:RamĂrez, MartĂn J. (2014).
10:
2114:
1407:(long-legged cave spiders)
1103:(brushed trapdoor spiders)
1079:(folding trapdoor spiders)
651:The Journal of Arachnology
1985:
1951:
1449:
1440:
1425:Trogloraptor marchingtoni
1234:
1227:
1218:
1064:
1055:
1051:
1037:
1009:
995:
963:
532:
517:
510:
494:
487:
471:
464:
451:
444:
422:
157:
152:
47:Scientific classification
45:
37:
28:
23:
1901:(cribellate orb weavers)
1835:(long jawed orb-weavers)
1487:(anyphaenid sac spiders)
1283:(crevice weaver spiders)
1119:(wafer trapdoor spiders)
886:Invertebrate Systematics
700:Griswold, C. E. (1993).
1702:(red and black spiders)
1642:(liocranid sac spiders)
1386:(tube-dwelling spiders)
1322:(midget ground weavers)
1184:(funnel-web tarantulas)
1176:(tree trapdoor spiders)
1127:(funnel-web tarantulas)
718:10.5479/si.00810282.539
2098:Arachnid superfamilies
1731:(running crab spiders)
1624:(white-tailed spiders)
1466:(tangled nest spiders)
1291:(large-clawed spiders)
1267:(false violin spiders)
258:Polotow et al. (2015)
16:Superfamily of spiders
2065:Paleobiology Database
1759:(nursery web spiders)
1694:(cave cobweb spiders)
1686:(spurred orb-weavers)
1603:(dwarf sheet spiders)
1559:(net-casting spiders)
1350:(palp-footed spiders)
1192:(bald-legged spiders)
1844:(tangle-web spiders)
1611:(tree trunk spiders)
1567:(intertidal spiders)
1496:(orb-weaver spiders)
835:Spider Ecophysiology
1817:(dwarf orb-weavers)
1304:(lampshade spiders)
1275:(woodlouse hunters)
1024:(segmented spiders)
1016:(segmented spiders)
801:, pp. 319–320.
245:
1851:Theridiosomatidae
1815:Symphytognathidae
1803:(huntsman spiders)
1710:(disc web spiders)
1528:(dark sac spiders)
1378:(spitting spiders)
1163:(dwarf tarantulas)
739:, p. 151-152.
243:
184:. The traditional
2080:
2079:
2052:Open Tree of Life
1979:Taxon identifiers
1970:
1969:
1947:
1946:
1943:
1942:
1939:
1938:
1935:
1934:
1921:
1902:
1863:
1854:
1845:
1836:
1818:
1804:
1795:
1781:
1780:(jumping spiders)
1768:
1760:
1732:
1719:
1711:
1703:
1695:
1687:
1674:
1661:
1652:
1643:
1634:
1625:
1612:
1604:
1595:
1581:
1568:
1560:
1537:
1529:
1521:
1497:
1488:
1475:
1474:(termite hunters)
1467:
1458:
1436:
1435:
1428:
1421:Trogloraptoridae
1416:
1415:(armored spiders)
1408:
1395:
1387:
1379:
1365:
1351:
1332:
1323:
1315:Mecysmaucheniidae
1305:
1292:
1284:
1276:
1268:
1260:
1259:(coneweb spiders)
1242:
1241:(pelican spiders)
1214:
1213:
1206:
1205:(true tarantulas)
1193:
1185:
1177:
1164:
1161:Mecicobothriidae
1146:
1128:
1120:
1112:
1104:
1096:
1088:
1080:
1072:
1033:
1032:
1025:
1017:
844:978-3-642-33988-2
581:
580:
572:
571:
563:
562:
554:
553:
545:
544:
429:
428:
217:in 1993, such as
164:
163:
2105:
2073:
2072:
2060:
2059:
2047:
2046:
2034:
2033:
2021:
2020:
2019:
2006:
2005:
2004:
1974:
1973:
1919:
1900:
1861:
1852:
1843:
1834:
1816:
1802:
1793:
1779:
1762:
1758:
1730:
1717:
1709:
1701:
1693:
1685:
1673:(pirate spiders)
1672:
1660:(shield spiders)
1659:
1650:
1641:
1632:
1623:
1610:
1602:
1593:
1580:(velvet spiders)
1579:
1566:
1558:
1535:
1527:
1519:
1508:Cheiracanthiidae
1495:
1486:
1473:
1465:
1456:
1447:
1446:
1422:
1414:
1406:
1393:
1385:
1377:
1364:(cellar spiders)
1363:
1349:
1331:(goblin spiders)
1330:
1321:
1320:Ochyroceratidae
1303:
1290:
1282:
1274:
1266:
1258:
1240:
1232:
1231:
1225:
1224:
1204:
1191:
1183:
1175:
1169:Microstigmatidae
1162:
1144:
1126:
1118:
1117:Cyrtaucheniidae
1110:
1102:
1094:
1086:
1078:
1070:
1062:
1061:
1053:
1052:
1039:
1038:
1023:
1015:
997:
996:
948:
941:
934:
925:
924:
920:
903:
901:
867:
861:
855:
854:
852:
851:
832:
823:
817:
811:
802:
796:
790:
784:
775:
769:
763:
762:
746:
740:
734:
728:
727:
725:
724:
697:
686:
685:
663:10.1636/B12-35.1
642:
636:
635:
633:
632:
622:
613:
604:
598:
513:
512:
490:
489:
467:
466:
447:
446:
439:
438:
246:
242:
230:The "classical"
55:
54:
33:
21:
20:
2113:
2112:
2108:
2107:
2106:
2104:
2103:
2102:
2083:
2082:
2081:
2076:
2068:
2063:
2055:
2050:
2042:
2037:
2029:
2024:
2015:
2014:
2009:
2000:
1999:
1994:
1981:
1971:
1966:
1956:Spider taxonomy
1931:
1889:Trochanteriidae
1833:Tetragnathidae
1586:Gallieniellidae
1432:
1413:Tetrablemmidae
1228:Non-entelegynes
1210:
1190:Paratropididae
1138:Halonoproctidae
1077:Antrodiaetidae
1047:
1029:
1005:
991:
959:
952:
899:10.1071/IS14041
876:
871:
870:
862:
858:
849:
847:
845:
830:
824:
820:
812:
805:
797:
793:
785:
778:
770:
766:
747:
743:
735:
731:
722:
720:
698:
689:
643:
639:
630:
628:
620:
614:
607:
599:
592:
587:
582:
573:
564:
555:
546:
442:RTA clade
424:
252:Griswold (1993)
232:circumscription
206:
186:circumscription
49:
41:carrying young
17:
12:
11:
5:
2111:
2101:
2100:
2095:
2078:
2077:
2075:
2074:
2061:
2048:
2035:
2022:
2007:
1991:
1989:
1983:
1982:
1968:
1967:
1965:
1964:
1958:
1952:
1949:
1948:
1945:
1944:
1941:
1940:
1937:
1936:
1933:
1932:
1930:
1929:
1924:
1914:
1909:
1904:
1896:
1891:
1886:
1881:
1876:
1871:
1866:
1862:(crab spiders)
1856:
1848:
1838:
1830:
1825:
1820:
1812:
1807:
1797:
1794:(bark hunters)
1789:
1784:
1774:
1769:
1754:
1749:
1744:
1739:
1737:Phrurolithidae
1734:
1729:Philodromidae
1726:
1721:
1718:(lynx spiders)
1713:
1705:
1697:
1689:
1681:
1676:
1668:
1666:Megadictynidae
1663:
1655:
1651:(wolf spiders)
1645:
1637:
1627:
1619:
1617:Homalonychidae
1614:
1606:
1598:
1588:
1583:
1575:
1570:
1562:
1554:
1549:
1544:
1539:
1531:
1523:
1515:
1510:
1505:
1500:
1490:
1482:
1477:
1469:
1461:
1450:
1444:
1438:
1437:
1434:
1433:
1431:
1430:
1418:
1410:
1402:
1397:
1389:
1381:
1373:
1368:
1358:
1353:
1345:
1340:
1335:
1325:
1317:
1312:
1307:
1299:
1294:
1289:Gradungulidae
1286:
1278:
1270:
1262:
1254:
1249:
1247:Austrochilidae
1244:
1235:
1229:
1222:
1216:
1215:
1212:
1211:
1209:
1208:
1203:Theraphosidae
1200:
1198:Porrhothelidae
1195:
1187:
1179:
1171:
1166:
1158:
1153:
1148:
1140:
1135:
1130:
1122:
1114:
1106:
1098:
1090:
1082:
1074:
1069:Actinopodidae
1065:
1059:
1049:
1048:
1035:
1034:
1031:
1030:
1028:
1027:
1022:Heptathelidae
1019:
1010:
1007:
1006:
993:
992:
990:
989:
983:
977:
971:
964:
961:
960:
951:
950:
943:
936:
928:
922:
921:
904:
892:(2): 124–163.
875:
872:
869:
868:
866:, p. 132.
856:
843:
818:
816:, p. 134.
803:
799:RamĂrez (2014)
791:
789:, p. 290.
787:RamĂrez (2014)
776:
774:, p. 125.
764:
741:
729:
687:
637:
605:
603:, p. 282.
601:RamĂrez (2014)
589:
588:
586:
583:
579:
578:
575:
574:
570:
569:
566:
565:
561:
560:
557:
556:
552:
551:
548:
547:
543:
542:
539:
538:
531:
528:
527:
524:
523:
516:
511:
509:
505:
504:
501:
500:
493:
488:
486:
482:
481:
478:
477:
470:
465:
463:
460:
459:
456:
455:
450:
445:
443:
437:
427:
426:
420:
419:
416:
413:
410:
404:
403:
400:
397:
394:
388:
387:
384:
381:
378:
372:
371:
368:
365:
362:
356:
355:
352:
349:
346:
340:
339:
336:
333:
330:
324:
323:
320:
317:
314:
308:
307:
304:
301:
298:
292:
291:
288:
285:
282:
276:
275:
272:
269:
266:
260:
259:
256:
255:RamĂrez (2014)
253:
250:
205:
202:
162:
161:
155:
154:
150:
149:
144:
140:
139:
134:
127:
126:
121:
117:
116:
111:
107:
106:
101:
97:
96:
91:
87:
86:
81:
77:
76:
71:
67:
66:
61:
57:
56:
43:
42:
35:
34:
26:
25:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2110:
2099:
2096:
2094:
2093:Araneomorphae
2091:
2090:
2088:
2071:
2066:
2062:
2058:
2053:
2049:
2045:
2040:
2036:
2032:
2027:
2023:
2018:
2012:
2008:
2003:
1997:
1993:
1992:
1990:
1988:
1984:
1980:
1975:
1962:
1959:
1957:
1954:
1953:
1950:
1928:
1925:
1923:
1922:
1920:(ant spiders)
1915:
1913:
1910:
1908:
1905:
1903:
1897:
1895:
1892:
1890:
1887:
1885:
1882:
1880:
1877:
1875:
1872:
1870:
1867:
1865:
1864:
1857:
1855:
1853:(ray spiders)
1849:
1847:
1846:
1839:
1837:
1831:
1829:
1826:
1824:
1821:
1819:
1813:
1811:
1808:
1806:
1805:
1798:
1796:
1790:
1788:
1785:
1783:
1782:
1775:
1773:
1770:
1766:
1761:
1755:
1753:
1750:
1748:
1745:
1743:
1742:Physoglenidae
1740:
1738:
1735:
1733:
1727:
1725:
1722:
1720:
1714:
1712:
1706:
1704:
1698:
1696:
1690:
1688:
1682:
1680:
1677:
1675:
1669:
1667:
1664:
1662:
1656:
1654:
1653:
1646:
1644:
1638:
1636:
1635:
1628:
1626:
1620:
1618:
1615:
1613:
1607:
1605:
1599:
1597:
1596:
1589:
1587:
1584:
1582:
1576:
1574:
1571:
1569:
1563:
1561:
1555:
1553:
1552:Cycloctenidae
1550:
1548:
1545:
1543:
1542:Cyatholipidae
1540:
1538:
1532:
1530:
1524:
1522:
1520:(sac spiders)
1516:
1514:
1513:Cithaeronidae
1511:
1509:
1506:
1504:
1501:
1499:
1498:
1491:
1489:
1485:Anyphaenidae
1483:
1481:
1478:
1476:
1470:
1468:
1464:Amaurobiidae
1462:
1460:
1459:
1452:
1451:
1448:
1445:
1443:
1439:
1429:
1426:
1419:
1417:
1411:
1409:
1403:
1401:
1400:Stenochilidae
1398:
1396:
1390:
1388:
1384:Segestriidae
1382:
1380:
1374:
1372:
1371:Plectreuridae
1369:
1367:
1366:
1359:
1357:
1354:
1352:
1348:Palpimanidae
1346:
1344:
1341:
1339:
1336:
1334:
1333:
1326:
1324:
1318:
1316:
1313:
1311:
1308:
1306:
1302:Hypochilidae
1300:
1298:
1295:
1293:
1287:
1285:
1281:Filistatidae
1279:
1277:
1271:
1269:
1263:
1261:
1255:
1253:
1250:
1248:
1245:
1243:
1237:
1236:
1233:
1230:
1226:
1223:
1221:
1220:Araneomorphae
1217:
1207:
1201:
1199:
1196:
1194:
1188:
1186:
1180:
1178:
1172:
1170:
1167:
1165:
1159:
1157:
1156:Macrothelidae
1154:
1152:
1149:
1147:
1143:Hexathelidae
1141:
1139:
1136:
1134:
1131:
1129:
1123:
1121:
1115:
1113:
1107:
1105:
1101:Barychelidae
1099:
1097:
1091:
1089:
1083:
1081:
1075:
1073:
1067:
1066:
1063:
1060:
1058:
1057:Mygalomorphae
1054:
1050:
1046:
1045:Opisthothelae
1040:
1036:
1026:
1020:
1018:
1014:Liphistiidae
1012:
1011:
1008:
1004:
998:
994:
988:
984:
982:
978:
976:
972:
970:
966:
965:
962:
957:
949:
944:
942:
937:
935:
930:
929:
926:
918:
914:
910:
905:
900:
895:
891:
887:
883:
878:
877:
865:
860:
846:
840:
836:
829:
822:
815:
810:
808:
800:
795:
788:
783:
781:
773:
768:
760:
756:
752:
745:
738:
733:
719:
715:
712:(539): 1–39.
711:
707:
703:
696:
694:
692:
684:
680:
676:
672:
668:
664:
660:
656:
652:
648:
641:
626:
619:
612:
610:
602:
597:
595:
590:
577:
576:
568:
567:
559:
558:
550:
549:
541:
540:
537:
536:
530:
529:
526:
525:
522:
521:
515:
514:
507:
506:
503:
502:
499:
498:
492:
491:
484:
483:
480:
479:
476:
475:
469:
468:
462:
461:
458:
457:
454:
453:basal groups
449:
448:
441:
440:
436:
434:
421:
417:
414:
411:
409:
406:
405:
401:
398:
395:
393:
390:
389:
385:
382:
379:
377:
374:
373:
369:
366:
363:
361:
358:
357:
353:
350:
347:
345:
342:
341:
337:
334:
331:
329:
326:
325:
321:
318:
315:
313:
310:
309:
305:
302:
299:
297:
294:
293:
289:
286:
283:
281:
278:
277:
273:
270:
267:
265:
262:
261:
257:
254:
251:
248:
247:
241:
238:
233:
228:
226:
222:
221:
216:
211:
201:
199:
194:
192:
187:
183:
180:
176:
172:
168:
160:
156:
151:
148:
145:
143:Superfamily:
142:
141:
138:
135:
132:
129:
128:
125:
124:Araneomorphae
122:
119:
118:
115:
112:
109:
108:
105:
102:
99:
98:
95:
92:
89:
88:
85:
82:
79:
78:
75:
72:
69:
68:
65:
62:
59:
58:
53:
48:
44:
40:
36:
32:
27:
22:
19:
1986:
1960:
1916:
1912:Xenoctenidae
1907:Viridasiidae
1884:Trechaleidae
1869:Titanoecidae
1858:
1842:Theridiidae
1840:
1810:Stiphidiidae
1801:Sparassidae
1799:
1792:Senoculidae
1776:
1747:Phyxelididae
1724:Penestomidae
1700:Nicodamidae
1647:
1640:Liocranidae
1631:Linyphiidae
1629:
1609:Hersiliidae
1592:Gnaphosidae
1590:
1518:Clubionidae
1492:
1472:Ammoxenidae
1453:
1424:
1360:
1356:Periegopidae
1327:
1310:Leptonetidae
1133:Euctenizidae
908:
889:
885:
874:Bibliography
859:
848:. Retrieved
837:. Springer.
834:
821:
794:
767:
750:
744:
732:
721:. Retrieved
709:
705:
682:
657:(1): 43–52.
654:
650:
640:
629:. Retrieved
624:
533:
519:
518:
495:
472:
452:
430:
392:Trechaleidae
360:Stiphidiidae
237:monophyletic
229:
225:Viridasiidae
218:
207:
195:
191:paraphyletic
166:
165:
158:
146:
130:
120:Infraorder:
18:
2026:iNaturalist
2011:Wikispecies
1918:Zodariidae
1899:Uloboridae
1879:Trachelidae
1860:Thomisidae
1828:Synotaxidae
1823:Synaphridae
1787:Selenopidae
1778:Salticidae
1763:(including
1757:Pisauridae
1708:Oecobiidae
1692:Nesticidae
1684:Mysmenidae
1658:Malkaridae
1622:Lamponidae
1557:Deinopidae
1526:Corinnidae
1455:Agelenidae
1442:Entelegynae
1392:Sicariidae
1376:Scytodidae
1338:Orsolobidae
1297:Huttoniidae
1273:Dysderidae
1265:Drymusidae
1257:Diguetidae
1239:Archaeidae
1182:Nemesiidae
1125:Dipluridae
1109:Ctenizidae
981:Chelicerata
979:Subphylum:
344:Senoculidae
179:araneomorph
175:superfamily
137:Entelegynae
94:Chelicerata
90:Subphylum:
39:Wolf spider
24:Lycosoidea
2087:Categories
2017:Lycosoidea
1987:Lycosoidea
1927:Zoropsidae
1772:Psechridae
1716:Oxyopidae
1679:Miturgidae
1671:Mimetidae
1649:Lycosidae
1601:Hahniidae
1573:Dictynidae
1494:Araneidae
1405:Telemidae
1362:Pholcidae
1343:Pacullidae
1329:Oonopidae
1252:Caponiidae
1085:Atracidae
1003:Mesothelae
975:Arthropoda
850:2015-11-03
723:2015-10-17
631:2015-09-24
585:References
535:Zoropsidae
520:Lycosoidea
408:Zoropsidae
376:Thomisidae
328:Psechridae
312:Pisauridae
215:Miturgidae
167:Lycosoidea
159:See text.
147:Lycosoidea
84:Arthropoda
1874:Toxopidae
1578:Eresidae
1547:Cybaeidae
1534:Ctenidae
1151:Idiopidae
1093:Atypidae
1043:Suborder
1001:Suborder
987:Arachnida
967:Kingdom:
917:2246/6537
433:RTA clade
296:Oxyopidae
280:Lycosidae
210:phylogeny
204:Phylogeny
153:Families
104:Arachnida
70:Kingdom:
64:Eukaryota
1996:Wikidata
1894:Udubidae
1752:Pimoidae
1565:Desidae
1503:Arkyidae
1480:Anapidae
1174:Migidae
973:Phylum:
969:Animalia
958:families
759:2246/441
679:36757386
671:23610234
497:Udubidae
474:Dionycha
264:Ctenidae
80:Phylum:
74:Animalia
60:Domain:
1765:Halidae
985:Class:
956:Araneae
954:Extant
220:Uliodon
182:spiders
114:Araneae
110:Order:
100:Class:
2057:207309
2031:367161
2002:Q54901
841:
677:
669:
249:Family
198:tapeta
2070:57517
2044:74972
831:(PDF)
675:S2CID
667:JSTOR
621:(PDF)
412:yes**
171:clade
169:is a
131:Clade
2039:NCBI
1961:Bold
839:ISBN
402:yes
386:yes
338:yes
322:yes
306:yes
290:yes
274:yes
208:The
913:hdl
894:doi
755:hdl
714:doi
710:539
659:doi
396:yes
364:yes
351:yes
348:yes
335:yes
332:yes
319:yes
316:yes
303:yes
300:yes
287:yes
284:yes
268:yes
177:of
173:or
2089::
2067::
2054::
2041::
2028::
2013::
1998::
890:29
888:.
884:.
833:.
806:^
779:^
708:.
704:.
690:^
681:.
673:.
665:.
655:41
653:.
649:.
608:^
593:^
418:–
370:–
354:–
227:.
133::
1767:)
1427:)
1423:(
947:e
940:t
933:v
919:.
915::
902:.
896::
853:.
761:.
757::
726:.
716::
661::
634:.
415:–
399:*
383:?
380:–
367:–
271:–
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
