574:
570:) and killed five people from the Ochs and Roder families. On 15 May 1758, Captain Faesch left Halifax for Lunenburg with troops of the 60th Regiment and an order was given for Sutherland to join the forces en route to Louisbourg. Acadian privateers attacked shipping off of Lunenburg. By the end of May 1758, most of those on the Lunenburg Peninsula abandoned their farms and retreated to the protection of the fortifications around the town of Lunenburg, losing the season for sowing their grain. For those that did not leave their farms for the town, the number of raids intensified.
36:
84:
627:, two islands nearby, a peninsula leading from the community of Mahone Bay as well as the Seven Islands, near Sacrifice Island in Mahone Bay.) Despite the presence of Gorham's Rangers and the 60th Regiment, in December Lawrence wrote to the Lords of Trade, that the Mi'kmaq "had just destroyed a whole family remarkable for their industry, and that in so bloody and barbarous a manner as to terrify and drive three parts of the people from their county lots into the town for protection."
517:, Mi'kmaq made eight more raids on the Lunenburg Peninsula over the next three years. In 1757, the Mi'kmaq raided Lunenburg and killed six people from the Brissang family. That same year, the Lunenburg settlers were compelled to do "much militia duty". During the winter, 300 soldiers under the command of former governor, now Major General, Hopson's were stationed at Lunenburg. In April 1757, a band of Acadian and Mi'kmaq partisans raided a warehouse near-by
558:, had to be withdrawn completely again from the settlement because the number of Mi'kmaq and Acadian raids eventually prevented settlers from leaving their houses). Of the 151 settlers who arrived in Dartmouth in August 1750, after Mi'kmaq and Acadia raids half of the settlers left the community within two years later. By the end of war (1763), Dartmouth was only left with 78 settlers.
1031:
descriptions of the countries where the author has served, with their forts and garrisons, their climates, soil, produce and a regular diary of the weather, as also several manifesto's, a mandate of the late Bishop of Canada, the French orders and disposition for the defence of the colony, &c., &c., &c
494:). Despite the protection of these blockhouses, Indians and Acadians continued raiding the area, executing eight such raids over the next three years. A total of 32 people from Lunenburg were killed in the raids with more being taken prisoner. The British reported that most of these raids were by the
635:
The raids continued the following spring. One raid happened on March 27, 1759, in which three members of the Oxner family were killed. The last raid happened on April 20, 1759. The Mi'kmaq killed four settlers at
Lunenburg who were members of the Trippeau and Crighton families. In a letter to the
600:
on August 24, 1758, when eight Mi'kmaq attacked the family homes of Lay and Brant. While they killed three people in the raid, the Mi'kmaq were unsuccessful in taking their scalps, which was the common practice for payment from the French. Two days, later, two soldiers were killed in a raid on the
1030:
An historical journal of the campaigns in North
America for the years 1757, 1758, 1759 and 1760 [microform] : containing the most remarkable occurrences of that period particularly the two sieges of Quebec, &c., & c., the orders of the admirals and general officers :
553:
By year end, Governor
Charles Lawrence wrote, "More inhabitants were killed and taken prisoner, by which many were too much exposed, and others apprehensive of danger. The people much discouraged, and in great distress." (By June 1757, the settlers of another Halifax satellite settlement,
537:
wrote that "In the year 1757 we were said to be
Masters of the province of Nova Scotia, or Acadia, which, however, was only an imaginary possession." He continues to state that the situation in the province was so precarious for the British that the "troops and inhabitants" at
901:
A genuine narrative of the transactions in Nova Scotia since the settlement, June 1749, till August the 5th, 1751 : in which the nature, soil, and produce of the country are related, with the particular attempts of the
Indians to disturb the colony / by John
375:
to defend
Lunenburg. The campaign was so successful, by November 1758, the members of the House of Assembly for Lunenburg stated "they received no benefit from His Majesty's Troops or Rangers" and required more protection.
388:
in 1710, Nova Scotia remained primarily occupied by
Catholic Acadians and Mi'kmaq. To prevent the establishment of Protestant settlements in the region, Mi'kmaq raided the early British settlements of present-day
636:
Lords of Trade dated 20 September 1759, Lawrence continued to comment on the raids by Mi'kmaq and
Acadians slowing the development of the community. Again, Acadian privateers attacked shipping off of Lunenburg.
447:
The
British quickly began to build other settlements. To guard against Mi'kmaq, Acadian, and French attacks on the new Protestant settlements, British fortifications were erected in Halifax (
206:
808:
Grenier, John. The Far
Reaches of Empire. War in Nova Scotia, 1710-1760. Norman: U of Oklahoma P, 2008; Thomas Beamish Akins. History of Halifax, Brookhouse Press. 1895. (2002 edition). p 7
612:
around the peninsula for a week to scout for Mi'kmaq, which they did not find. During that time, on September 11, Mi'kmaq captured a child in a raid on the Northwest Range.
521:, killing thirteen British soldiers and, after taking what provisions they could carry, setting fire to the building. A few days later, the same partisans also raided
199:
761:
The Labrador family of Lunenburg were metis and were present still at Lunenburg in 1753 and 1755. They were also among the Acadians deported from Piziquid in 1755. (
416:(which included the Mi'kmaq) protecting their land by killing British civilians along the New England/ Acadia border in Maine (See the Northeast Coast campaigns
352:
192:
131:
623:
were stationed at Lunenburg for the winter. (Joseph Gorham owned 300 acres of land at Lunenburg: land still named Gorham Point at the end of present-day
146:
141:
368:
123:
1294:
The Foreign Protestants and the Settlement of Nova Scotia: The History of a Piece of Arrested British Colonial Policy in the Eighteenth Century
1203:
1328:
184:
1162:
592:, Mi'kmaq conducted four raids on the Lunenburg Peninsula. On July 13, 1758, a member of the Labrador family killed two boys on the
581:
555:
468:
1318:
601:
blockhouse at LaHave, Nova Scotia. On August 27, Joseph Stye along with Conrad Halty and his wife were buried after being scalped.
846:
650:
of the LaHave Tribe arrived in Halifax after surrendering to the British at Fort Cumberland on 29 February 1760 and signed a
417:
266:
643:
was the minister at Lunenburg who buried many of the dead. He reported that the Mi'kmaq killed 32 people in the campaign.
429:
301:
766:
573:
696:
1236:
1225:
1039:
869:
Grenier, John. The Far Reaches of Empire. War in Nova Scotia, 1710-1760. University of Oklahoma Press, Norman, 2008.
534:
40:
441:
437:
433:
425:
421:
261:
236:
502:
region was formerly known as Cape Sable and encompassed a much larger area than it does today. It extended from
566:
The following year, March 1758, the Mi'kmaq raided the Lunenburg Peninsula at the Northwest Range (present-day
1333:
471:(1754). There were numerous Mi'kmaq and Acadian raids on these villages such as the Raid on Dartmouth (1751).
624:
406:
276:
1323:
543:
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271:
214:
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246:
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114:
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503:
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311:
296:
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390:
64:
826:
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1216:
George Bates. John Gorham 1709-1751. Collections of the Nova Scotia Historical Society, p. 87
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27:
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110:
93:
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35:
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By the time Cornwallis had arrived in Halifax, there was a long history of the
83:
787:"Regular" refers to a professional British soldier, paid by the British Crown.
1312:
822:
360:
136:
118:
88:
818:
647:
593:
483:
151:
838:
831:
Essays on Northeastern North America, Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries
1271:
Chief Francis Mius of La Heve signed a peace treaty on 9 Nov. 1761. (See
479:
891:
Grenier pp. 154–155. For the Raids on Dartmouth see the Diary of
897:
Expeditions of Honour: The Journal of John Salusbury in Halifax
827:"Amerindian Power in the Early Modern Northeast: A Reappraisal"
478:, Governor Lawrence sought to protect the area by establishing
1101:
Sutherland did not return to Lunenburg until September 6 (see
550:"could not be reputed in any other light than as prisoners."
1005:
John Faragher. Great and Noble Scheme. Norton. 2005. p. 398.
790:
721:
880:
The Far Reaches of Empire: War in Nova Scotia, 1710-1760.
1117:
906:
http://www.blupete.com/Hist/NovaScotiaBk1/Part5/Ch07.htm
972:
Archibald McMechan, Red Snow of Grand Pre. 1931. p. 192
922:
1189:
The History of Rogers' Rangers: The First Green Berets
1146:
1144:
989:
987:
953:
951:
949:
588:
During the summer of 1758, in response to the British
697:"The German soldier in the wars of the United States"
1167:
1141:
1129:
1065:
984:
946:
934:
910:
872:
833:. University of Toronto Press. pp. 129–152.
1310:
1241:
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678:
200:
968:
966:
1253:
1202:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
675:
490:) and at the Northwest Range (present day
207:
193:
817:
608:led 60 militia and forty troops from the
1185:
963:
572:
1311:
778:According to Rev. Jean-Baptiste Moreau
582:St. John's Anglican Church (Lunenburg)
685:Journal of Captain Christopher Jessen
409:with 13 transports on June 21, 1749.
379:
188:
1329:Battles of the French and Indian War
1287:
1247:
1192:. San Mateo, California. p. 35.
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993:
957:
940:
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128:3rd Battalion, 60th Regiment of Foot
767:History of Lunenburg County, p. 343
580:led the militia – The Jessen Bell,
351:who the British had settled on the
13:
1303:History of the county of Lunenburg
525:. Because of the strength of the
218:Seven Years' War in North America:
14:
1345:
498:and Acadians at Cape Sable. (The
1186:Loescher, Burt Garfield (1969).
82:
34:
1319:Military history of Nova Scotia
1301:Mather Byles DesBrisay (1895).
1265:
1261:Beamish Murdoch, Vol. 2, p. 385
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142:Charles Deschamps de Boishebert
1297:. University of Toronto Press.
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664:
486:, Mush-a-Mush (at present day
43:, buried many of the 32 killed
1:
657:
717:Desbraisey, p. DesBrisay, 50
630:
596:. The next raid happened at
397:(1720). A generation later,
7:
561:
115:Dettlieb Christopher Jessen
10:
1350:
1281:
882:Oklahoma University Press.
617:Siege of Louisbourg (1758)
590:Siege of Louisbourg (1758)
371:and regular troops of the
232:
223:The French and Indian War
170:
157:
103:
75:
47:
33:
25:
20:
893:John Salusbury (diarist)
857:10.3138/9781442688032.12
730:, p. 517, note 33a.
476:Raid on Lunenburg (1756)
359:. The British deployed
799:, p. 512, note 44.
598:Mahone Bay, Nova Scotia
568:Blockhouse, Nova Scotia
488:Blockhouse, Nova Scotia
1289:Bell, Winthrop Pickard
1014:Knox. Vol. 2, p. 443;
585:
492:Northwest, Nova Scotia
399:Father Le Loutre's War
104:Commanders and leaders
65:Lunenburg, Nova Scotia
1114:Bell, p. 513, note 50
839:10.3138/9781442688032
576:
405:arrived to establish
373:60th Regiment of Foot
357:French and Indian War
171:Casualties and losses
132:Montgomery's regiment
28:French and Indian War
1126:, pp. 510, 513.
1092:Harry Chapman, p. 32
1083:Harry Chapman, p. 31
765:, p. 510) (See
641:Jean-Baptiste Moreau
414:Wabanaki Confederacy
384:Despite the British
339:was executed by the
302:Gulf of St. Lawrence
41:Jean-Baptiste Moreau
1324:1758 in Nova Scotia
931:, pp. 504–513.
500:Argyle, Nova Scotia
367:along with Captain
353:Lunenburg Peninsula
349:Foreign Protestants
262:2nd Northeast Coast
237:1st Northeast Coast
55:March–December 1758
671:Canadian Biography
654:on 10 March 1760.
586:
533:, British officer
506:(Baccaro) through
386:Conquest of Acadia
380:Historical context
337:Lunenburg campaign
226:, Atlantic theater
111:Patrick Sutherland
21:Lunenburg campaign
1334:Mi'kmaq in Canada
1273:Desbrasiey, p. 55
1226:Desbraisey, p. 52
981:Desbresaie, p. 49
848:978-0-8020-9137-6
823:Baker, Emerson W.
751:Desbraisey, p. 28
403:Edward Cornwallis
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292:Petitcodiac River
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523:Fort Cumberland
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345:Acadian militia
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147:Joseph Labrador
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1116:
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1105:, p. 509)
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1074:, p. 508.
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1034:. 2010-07-21.
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996:, p. 509.
983:
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960:, p. 513.
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909:
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878:John Grenier.
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544:Fort Sackville
513:Following the
457:Fort Sackville
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312:St. John River
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297:Ile Saint-Jean
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287:2nd Louisbourg
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272:1st Louisbourg
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109:Lieut-Colonel
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819:Reid, John G.
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610:60th Regiment
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584:, Nova Scotia
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89:Great Britain
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1045:. Retrieved
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712:
701:. Retrieved
699:. 2010-07-21
691:
666:
648:Paul Laurent
645:
638:
634:
614:
603:
594:LaHave River
587:
565:
556:Lawrencetown
552:
515:raid of 1756
512:
484:LaHave River
473:
469:Lawrencetown
449:Citadel Hill
446:
411:
383:
347:against the
336:
334:
281:
277:Bloody Creek
252:Bay of Fundy
152:Paul Laurent
76:Belligerents
26:Part of the
1248:Bell (1961)
1174:Bell (1961)
1151:Bell (1961)
1136:Bell (1961)
1124:Bell (1961)
1103:Bell (1961)
1072:Bell (1961)
1016:Bell (1961)
994:Bell (1961)
958:Bell (1961)
941:Bell (1961)
929:Bell (1961)
917:Bell (1961)
904:. Also see
899:; also see
797:Bell (1961)
763:Bell (1961)
728:Bell (1961)
606:D.C. Jessen
578:D.C. Jessen
540:Fort Edward
519:Fort Edward
480:blockhouses
467:(1753) and
451:) (1749),
401:began when
393:(1715) and
355:during the
317:Restigouche
257:Petitcodiac
1313:Categories
1047:2020-01-28
703:2020-01-28
658:References
615:After the
504:Cape Negro
474:After the
459:) (1749),
322:St. John's
307:Cape Sable
1198:cite book
631:Afterward
548:Lunenburg
535:John Knox
465:Lunenburg
461:Dartmouth
391:Shelburne
247:Chignecto
176:32 killed
1291:(1961).
825:(2008).
562:Campaign
508:Chebogue
463:(1750),
363:and his
242:Cape Ray
158:Strength
122:Captain
60:Location
1282:Sources
496:Mi'kmaq
482:at the
453:Bedford
407:Halifax
365:Rangers
166:unknown
1038:
902:Wilson
855:
845:
646:Chief
150:Chief
145:Chief
1237:p. 53
1163:p. 84
1061:p. 54
853:JSTOR
740:p. 55
639:Rev.
395:Canso
1259:See
1204:link
1036:ISBN
843:ISBN
546:and
529:and
442:1747
438:1746
434:1745
430:1724
426:1723
422:1703
418:1688
343:and
335:The
179:none
52:Date
835:doi
510:.)
444:).
130:)
1315::
1200:}}
1196:{{
1143:^
986:^
965:^
948:^
895::
851:.
841:.
829:.
821:;
677:^
619:,
542:,
440:,
436:,
432:,
428:,
424:,
420:,
163:30
1305:.
1250:.
1206:)
1050:.
859:.
837::
769:)
706:.
455:(
208:e
201:t
194:v
126:(
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