410:
34:
924:
945:
869:
68:
852:
2026:
49:
831:
886:
903:
139:
75:
358:
and initially resisted the attempts to gain independence leading up to its declaration on July 30, 1980. French troops initially attempted to quash the flag-raising in
Luganville, but returned to France in August instead. Some unrest arose between political parties vying for power, but has since been
417:
Northern
Provincial Hospital is one of two main referring hospitals on Espiritu Santo and serves people from other northern islands in Vanuatu as well as its own residents. Luganville is home to Vanuatu Health Training Institute, one of the two medical training schools on the island, but there are
282:; as a result of the occupation, Boulevard Higinson is unusually wide, as a base commander insisted that four tanks should be able to drive along the road simultaneously. At one end of Higinson is the port, one of two main ports for the island.
405:
is a popular site as are the coral reefs), and is a destination for many cruise lines. Its other main industries are agriculture, cattle, and offshore financial services. The market along
Boulevard Higinson is popular for its inexpensive food.
1995:
492:. The town features relatively constant temperatures year-round, with average temperature hovering around 25 °C or 77 °F. Average precipitation is roughly 2,920 millimetres or 110 inches annually.
418:
not enough graduates to prevent a shortage of medical professionals. Though medical expenses make up 50% of the government's budget, the hospital still relies heavily on donations.
259:
and has a population of 18,062 as of the 2020 census. Those on
Vanuatu's northern islands who regard Luganville as their big city, particularly indigenous populations, call it
1973:
385:
such as La Milice, Mango, Pepsi, Rowok, Sarakata and St Michel. Mango was first settled by
Vietnamese migrants who constructed shelters out of scrap metal left behind by the
278:
Boulevard
Higinson, the main street that runs through Luganville, contains mainly tourist boutiques and general stores. During WWII, the Americans used the Espiritu Santo as
1631:
401:
Luganville's economy suffered after
Vanuatu declared independence in 1980. It has a strong tourist industry, namely in the areas of World War II artifacts and scuba diving (
1652:
307:), one of which being Espiritu Santo. A village of small, spaced-out communities was established into one city: Luganville. Base Button is the largest U.S. base in the
1888:
1918:
1674:
1787:
1491:
Report prepared for
Pacific Islands Forum Secretariat and UN Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific, Pacific Operation Centre
1392:
Munk Klint, Louise; Jiang, Min; Law, Alexandra; Delacy, Terry; Filep, Sebastian; Calgaro, Emma; Dominey-Howes, Dale; Harrison, David (2012).
311:, covering 38 miles, and was used mainly for maintenance and supply storage. Luganville was a major part of preparing American units for the
997:
1696:
33:
99:
1830:
1718:
1393:
434:
346:
dedicated to preserving the history of World War II across the South
Pacific region initiated in 2012 by the mayor Peter Sakita.
472:, the second largest airport in Vanuatu. The city is also serviced by a number of taxis, buses, and public transport trucks.
2045:
1483:
1896:
1742:
1022:"Vanuatu 2020 National Population and Housing Census Preliminary Results has been released on Wednesday 30th June 2021"
1512:
975:
806:
469:
375:
descent. Those of non-Melanesian descent are a minority and are
European, other Pacific Islander, and Asian peoples.
328:
279:
1926:
489:
2050:
1290:
1095:
1145:
67:
2065:
1238:
1191:
857:
821:
1948:
481:
1860:
1540:
1440:
163:
1949:"EXTENDING AN INVITATION TO ESTABLISH A SISTER CITY RELATIONSHIP WITH THE CITY OF LUGANVILLE, VANUATU"
1358:"Peaceful Community Development in Vanuatu: A Reflection on the Vanuatu Kastom Governance Partnership"
409:
343:
267:(from the former French name "Canal du Segond"). Luganville served as a major base of operations for
426:
332:
131:
1587:
2060:
2055:
422:
48:
1996:"Australian city of Bundaberg and Luganville join forces to formalise sister city relationship"
303:
erected two bases on two islands of what is now Vanuatu (a British-French colony known then as
1461:
1394:"Dive Tourism in Luganville, Vanuatu: Shocks, Stressors, and Vulnerability to Climate Change"
402:
316:
1610:
382:
379:
312:
151:
1766:
8:
1838:
1116:
929:
324:
320:
308:
2029:
1865:
1808:
1374:
1357:
1332:
430:
386:
300:
268:
1416:
1412:
1564:
1408:
1369:
1324:
1748:. Ministry of Infrastructure and Public Utilities for Asian Development Bank. 2021
1217:
1834:
1268:
1073:
878:
868:
461:
1589:
468:, provides the town with an excellent sheltered harbour. The town is served by
256:
168:
156:
1328:
2039:
1831:"Government of Republic of Vanuatu chooses KK as its main office in Malaysia"
916:
861:
851:
836:
449:
114:
101:
1484:"Urban informal settlements in Vanuatu: Challenge for equitable development"
1075:
The Lady and the President: The Life and Loss of the S.S. President Coolidge
1588:
World Health Organization, Regional Office for the Western Pacific (2013).
389:. The Vietnamese were repatriated in the 1960s and it was then occupied by
355:
304:
296:
272:
2025:
368:
336:
1336:
1312:
1166:
1042:
457:
390:
372:
1590:
Human resources for health country profiles : Republic of Vanuatu
954:
950:
944:
933:
891:
252:
230:
1021:
440:
Broadband internet was not available in Luganville until late 2006.
908:
844:
830:
464:, the body of water separating the main island and Luganville from
1974:"Luganville signs Sister City Agreement with Chinese counterpart"
895:
885:
874:
248:
235:
144:
1632:"Bank of South Pacific takes over Westpac Operations in Vanuatu"
912:
902:
354:
By the second half of the 20th century, Luganville was largely
448:
Luganville is one of Vanuatu's busiest ports, especially as a
1592:(Report). Manila: WHO Regional Office for the Western Pacific
976:"Renovation of historic Luganville town hall almost complete"
937:
923:
840:
453:
1653:"Opening of Wanfuteng Bank's New Branch in Santo a Success"
465:
1919:"Port Vila strengthens sister agreement with Luganville"
1889:"Luganville and Honiara establish sister city relations"
1391:
421:
There are six main banking organizations in Luganville:
331:. Other facilities built were five military hospitals,
335:, Pontoon Wharf, a floating drydock, and thousands of
367:As of the 2016 census, 98.7% of Luganville was of
327:no longer exist, but the Bomber 3 was turned into
1767:"The 27 largest airports and airlines in Vanuatu"
1567:. Doctors Assisting in South-Pacific Islands. n.d
1239:"The South Pacific's Premier World War II Museum"
1146:"The South Pacific's Premier World War II Museum"
2037:
1024:. Vanuatu National Statistics Office. 2021-06-30
1387:
1385:
1513:"What Are The Biggest Industries In Vanuatu?"
815:
396:
1355:
1139:
1137:
1088:
1016:
1014:
263:; rural residents of Espiritu Santo call it
1382:
1262:
1260:
1481:
1373:
1310:
1185:
1183:
1134:
1011:
38:Luganville main street Boulevard Higinson
1737:
1735:
1535:
1533:
1531:
1529:
1362:Journal of Peacebuilding and Development
1212:
1210:
1208:
1192:"The South Pacific's WW2 forgotten base"
1189:
499:Climate data for Luganville (1974–2001)
413:Luganville market on a Sunday afternoon.
408:
1861:"Sister city agreement reaping rewards"
1675:"Grassroots partner with National Bank"
1510:
1356:Westoby, Peter; Brown, M. Anne (2007).
1266:
1257:
1143:
1067:
1065:
1063:
1061:
1059:
2038:
1993:
1694:
1180:
1732:
1716:
1672:
1583:
1581:
1526:
1482:Hill, David; Chung, Margaret (2020).
1313:"Vanuatu since Independence: 1980-83"
1205:
1071:
973:
1971:
1954:. Government of Honolulu. 2003-08-13
1056:
995:
1925:. 26 September 2012. Archived from
1811:. World Meteorological Organization
1809:"World Weather Information Service"
1743:"Initial Environmental Examination"
1283:
196:8.32 km (3.21 sq mi)
13:
1613:. Vanuatu Ministry of Health. 2017
1578:
1375:10.1080/15423166.2007.390449351269
1117:"Luganville – Espirito [
74:
14:
2077:
2018:
807:World Meteorological Organization
470:Santo-Pekoa International Airport
443:
329:Santo-Pekoa International Airport
255:; it is located on the island of
2024:
1413:10.3727/154427312X13262430524225
943:
922:
901:
884:
867:
850:
829:
137:
73:
66:
47:
32:
16:Place in Sanma Province, Vanuatu
1987:
1965:
1941:
1911:
1895:. 21 March 2013. Archived from
1881:
1853:
1823:
1801:
1780:
1759:
1710:
1688:
1666:
1645:
1624:
1603:
1557:
1546:. Luganville Youth Council. n.d
1504:
1475:
1454:
1433:
1349:
1304:
1231:
1220:. South Pacific WW2 Museum. n.d
1144:Johnson, Tambrie (2021-03-31).
998:"New Mayor Outlines Priorities"
349:
290:
1611:"NORTHERN PROVINCIAL HOSPITAL"
1565:"Northern Provincial Hospital"
1401:Tourism in Marine Environments
1317:The Journal of Pacific History
1159:
1109:
1035:
989:
967:
378:Part of the city is formed by
247:is the second largest city in
1:
1695:Willie, Glenda (2019-08-23).
1464:. US Department of State. n.d
1123:. Norwegian Cruise Lines. n.d
688:Average rainfall mm (inches)
490:Köppen climate classification
362:
315:. Four airfields were built;
2032:travel guide from Wikivoyage
1837:. 5 May 2013. Archived from
1697:"BRED Bank Expands Services"
1511:Illsley, C.L. (2019-11-14).
7:
2046:Populated places in Vanuatu
1972:Ligo, Godwin (2019-07-10).
1291:"Vanuatu - a brief history"
1167:"Espiritu Santo & WWII"
996:Ligo, Godwin (2019-10-07).
974:Ayong, Steve (2021-06-10).
618:Mean daily minimum °C (°F)
548:Mean daily maximum °C (°F)
482:tropical rainforest climate
225:2,200/km (5,600/sq mi)
10:
2082:
816:Twin towns – sister cities
804:
498:
475:
397:Economy and infrastructure
342:Luganville is home to the
285:
1717:Garae, Len (2016-12-08).
1673:Garae, Len (2020-03-14).
1329:10.1080/00223348408572484
1190:Kosmidis, Pierre (n.d.).
757:
687:
617:
547:
542:
539:
536:
533:
530:
527:
524:
521:
518:
515:
512:
509:
506:
503:
344:South Pacific WWII Museum
229:
221:
213:
208:
200:
192:
187:
179:
174:
162:
150:
130:
95:
61:
43:
31:
21:
1655:. Daily Post. 2021-05-01
1634:. Daily Post. 2016-07-05
1311:MacClancy, J.V. (1984).
960:
427:National Bank of Vanuatu
333:Luganville Seaplane Base
1719:"Governor applauds ANZ"
1267:Stanley, David (1989).
423:Reserve Bank of Vanuatu
183:Alan Awa (2021—present)
2051:Port cities in Oceania
1443:. City Population. n.d
1270:South Pacific Handbook
480:Luganville features a
425:, Wanfuteng Bank, the
414:
1788:"LUGANVILLE, VANUATU"
1098:. Arrival Guides. n.d
1072:Stone, Peter (1997).
1045:. Famous Wonders. n.d
412:
403:SS President Coolidge
317:Palikulo Bay Airfield
204:8 m (26 ft)
2066:Squatting in Vanuatu
1194:. World War 2 Wrecks
383:informal settlements
313:Guadalcanal campaign
222: • Density
1169:. Santo Travel. n.d
1096:"Shopping: Vanuatu"
930:Wanshan Archipelago
758:Average rainy days
456:, coconut oil, and
325:Luganville Airfield
321:Turtle Bay Airfield
111: /
87:Location in Vanuatu
1923:Vanuatu Daily Post
1893:Vanuatu Daily Post
1866:Vanuatu Daily Post
1790:. weatherbase. n.d
431:Bank South Pacific
415:
387:United States Army
359:largely peaceful.
251:after the capital
214: • Total
193: • Total
180: • Mayor
115:15.533°S 167.167°E
1769:. World Data. n.d
1462:"Vanuatu (12/03)"
812:
811:
433:, BRED Bank, and
301:American military
242:
241:
2073:
2028:
2012:
2011:
2009:
2007:
1991:
1985:
1984:
1982:
1981:
1969:
1963:
1962:
1960:
1959:
1953:
1945:
1939:
1938:
1936:
1934:
1915:
1909:
1908:
1906:
1904:
1885:
1879:
1878:
1876:
1874:
1857:
1851:
1850:
1848:
1846:
1827:
1821:
1820:
1818:
1816:
1805:
1799:
1798:
1796:
1795:
1784:
1778:
1777:
1775:
1774:
1763:
1757:
1756:
1754:
1753:
1747:
1739:
1730:
1729:
1727:
1726:
1714:
1708:
1707:
1705:
1704:
1692:
1686:
1685:
1683:
1682:
1670:
1664:
1663:
1661:
1660:
1649:
1643:
1642:
1640:
1639:
1628:
1622:
1621:
1619:
1618:
1607:
1601:
1600:
1598:
1597:
1585:
1576:
1575:
1573:
1572:
1561:
1555:
1554:
1552:
1551:
1545:
1537:
1524:
1523:
1521:
1520:
1508:
1502:
1501:
1499:
1497:
1488:
1479:
1473:
1472:
1470:
1469:
1458:
1452:
1451:
1449:
1448:
1437:
1431:
1430:
1428:
1427:
1421:
1415:. Archived from
1398:
1389:
1380:
1379:
1377:
1353:
1347:
1346:
1344:
1343:
1308:
1302:
1301:
1299:
1298:
1287:
1281:
1280:
1278:
1277:
1264:
1255:
1254:
1252:
1250:
1235:
1229:
1228:
1226:
1225:
1214:
1203:
1202:
1200:
1199:
1187:
1178:
1177:
1175:
1174:
1163:
1157:
1156:
1154:
1153:
1141:
1132:
1131:
1129:
1128:
1113:
1107:
1106:
1104:
1103:
1092:
1086:
1085:
1083:
1082:
1069:
1054:
1053:
1051:
1050:
1039:
1033:
1032:
1030:
1029:
1018:
1009:
1008:
1006:
1005:
993:
987:
986:
984:
983:
971:
948:
947:
927:
926:
906:
905:
889:
888:
872:
871:
855:
854:
834:
833:
761:
496:
495:
143:
141:
140:
126:
125:
123:
122:
121:
120:-15.533; 167.167
116:
112:
109:
108:
107:
104:
77:
76:
70:
51:
36:
19:
18:
2081:
2080:
2076:
2075:
2074:
2072:
2071:
2070:
2036:
2035:
2021:
2016:
2015:
2005:
2003:
1992:
1988:
1979:
1977:
1970:
1966:
1957:
1955:
1951:
1947:
1946:
1942:
1932:
1930:
1929:on 14 July 2013
1917:
1916:
1912:
1902:
1900:
1899:on 14 July 2013
1887:
1886:
1882:
1872:
1870:
1859:
1858:
1854:
1844:
1842:
1835:New Sabah Times
1829:
1828:
1824:
1814:
1812:
1807:
1806:
1802:
1793:
1791:
1786:
1785:
1781:
1772:
1770:
1765:
1764:
1760:
1751:
1749:
1745:
1741:
1740:
1733:
1724:
1722:
1715:
1711:
1702:
1700:
1693:
1689:
1680:
1678:
1671:
1667:
1658:
1656:
1651:
1650:
1646:
1637:
1635:
1630:
1629:
1625:
1616:
1614:
1609:
1608:
1604:
1595:
1593:
1586:
1579:
1570:
1568:
1563:
1562:
1558:
1549:
1547:
1543:
1539:
1538:
1527:
1518:
1516:
1509:
1505:
1495:
1493:
1486:
1480:
1476:
1467:
1465:
1460:
1459:
1455:
1446:
1444:
1439:
1438:
1434:
1425:
1423:
1419:
1407:(1/2): 91–109.
1396:
1390:
1383:
1354:
1350:
1341:
1339:
1309:
1305:
1296:
1294:
1289:
1288:
1284:
1275:
1273:
1265:
1258:
1248:
1246:
1237:
1236:
1232:
1223:
1221:
1216:
1215:
1206:
1197:
1195:
1188:
1181:
1172:
1170:
1165:
1164:
1160:
1151:
1149:
1142:
1135:
1126:
1124:
1115:
1114:
1110:
1101:
1099:
1094:
1093:
1089:
1080:
1078:
1070:
1057:
1048:
1046:
1041:
1040:
1036:
1027:
1025:
1020:
1019:
1012:
1003:
1001:
994:
990:
981:
979:
972:
968:
963:
942:
921:
900:
883:
879:Solomon Islands
866:
849:
828:
818:
813:
759:
752:
747:
742:
737:
732:
727:
722:
717:
712:
707:
702:
697:
692:
682:
677:
672:
667:
662:
657:
652:
647:
642:
637:
632:
627:
622:
612:
607:
602:
597:
592:
587:
582:
577:
572:
567:
562:
557:
552:
478:
462:Canal du Segond
446:
399:
365:
356:French-speaking
352:
293:
288:
280:a military base
269:American troops
138:
136:
119:
117:
113:
110:
105:
102:
100:
98:
97:
91:
90:
89:
88:
85:
84:
83:
82:
78:
57:
56:
55:
54:
39:
27:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2079:
2069:
2068:
2063:
2061:Espiritu Santo
2058:
2056:Sanma Province
2053:
2048:
2034:
2033:
2020:
2019:External links
2017:
2014:
2013:
1986:
1964:
1940:
1910:
1880:
1852:
1822:
1800:
1779:
1758:
1731:
1709:
1687:
1665:
1644:
1623:
1602:
1577:
1556:
1525:
1503:
1474:
1453:
1432:
1381:
1348:
1323:(2): 100–112.
1303:
1282:
1256:
1245:. 1 April 2021
1230:
1204:
1179:
1158:
1133:
1108:
1087:
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988:
965:
964:
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820:Luganville is
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96:Coordinates:
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2004:. Retrieved
2002:. Daily Post
2000:dailypost.vu
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1994:Daily Post.
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1869:. 6 May 2013
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1721:. Daily Post
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1541:"Luganville"
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1445:. Retrieved
1441:"Luganville"
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1424:. Retrieved
1417:the original
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1368:(3): 77–81.
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1148:. HistoryNet
1125:. Retrieved
1121:] Santo"
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1100:. Retrieved
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1079:. Retrieved
1074:
1047:. Retrieved
1043:"Luganville"
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1002:. Retrieved
1000:. Daily Post
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980:. Retrieved
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350:Independence
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337:Quonset huts
305:New Hebrides
297:World War II
294:
291:World War II
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273:World War II
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466:Aore Island
118: /
2040:Categories
2030:Luganville
1980:2021-07-16
1958:2021-07-16
1794:2021-07-16
1773:2021-07-16
1752:2021-07-16
1725:2021-07-16
1703:2021-07-16
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1426:2021-07-16
1342:2021-07-15
1297:2021-07-15
1293:. RNZ. n.d
1276:2021-07-15
1243:HistoryNet
1224:2021-07-15
1198:2021-07-15
1173:2021-07-15
1152:2021-07-15
1127:2021-07-15
1102:2021-07-15
1081:2021-07-15
1049:2021-07-15
1028:2021-07-15
1004:2021-07-15
982:2021-07-15
760:(≥ 0.2 mm)
452:point for
393:migrants.
391:Ni-Vanuatu
373:Ni-Vanuatu
369:Melanesian
363:Population
245:Luganville
209:Population
175:Government
81:Luganville
23:Luganville
1815:18 August
955:Australia
951:Bundaberg
934:Guangdong
892:Port Vila
858:Mont-Dore
253:Port Vila
231:Time zone
201:Elevation
2006:14 March
1496:16 March
1337:25168546
909:Honolulu
845:Malaysia
805:Source:
753:(88.79)
708:(10.22)
703:(10.26)
698:(11.89)
693:(11.33)
435:ANZ Bank
380:squatted
152:Province
106:167°10′E
1933:15 July
1903:15 July
1873:15 July
896:Vanuatu
875:Honiara
822:twinned
751:2,255.5
748:(7.98)
743:(7.09)
738:(5.85)
733:(3.92)
728:(3.43)
723:(3.63)
718:(6.51)
713:(6.68)
683:(71.7)
678:(72.1)
673:(72.1)
668:(70.9)
663:(69.8)
658:(69.6)
653:(70.3)
648:(70.9)
643:(72.1)
638:(73.0)
633:(73.2)
628:(73.0)
623:(73.0)
613:(84.0)
608:(86.0)
603:(84.9)
598:(83.5)
593:(82.2)
588:(81.1)
583:(81.1)
578:(81.9)
573:(83.3)
568:(85.1)
563:(86.4)
558:(86.4)
553:(86.4)
476:Climate
371:and/or
295:During
286:History
271:during
249:Vanuatu
145:Vanuatu
132:Country
103:15°32′S
1845:15 May
1335:
1249:4 June
978:. VBTC
913:Hawaii
824:with:
504:Month
323:, and
299:, the
236:UTC+11
217:18,062
164:Island
142:
1952:(PDF)
1746:(PDF)
1544:(PDF)
1487:(PDF)
1420:(PDF)
1397:(PDF)
1333:JSTOR
961:Notes
938:China
841:Sabah
746:202.6
741:180.2
736:148.6
716:165.4
711:169.7
706:259.7
701:260.5
696:302.1
691:287.7
543:Year
458:cacao
454:copra
265:Kanal
261:Santo
238:(VUT)
26:Santo
2008:2023
1935:2013
1905:2013
1875:2013
1847:2013
1817:2024
1498:2021
1251:2023
800:180
731:99.6
726:87.1
721:92.3
681:22.1
676:22.3
671:22.3
666:21.6
661:21.0
656:20.9
651:21.3
646:21.6
641:22.3
636:22.8
631:22.9
626:22.8
621:22.8
611:28.9
606:30.0
601:29.4
596:28.6
591:27.9
586:27.3
581:27.3
576:27.7
571:28.5
566:29.5
561:30.2
556:30.2
551:30.2
540:Dec
537:Nov
534:Oct
531:Sep
528:Aug
525:Jul
522:Jun
519:May
516:Apr
513:Mar
510:Feb
507:Jan
188:Area
53:Flag
1409:doi
1370:doi
1325:doi
1119:sic
797:16
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