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307:, who had recently been appointed the Surveyor of Trinity House, as architect for the project. Work on site began in 1793; however, Smith underestimated the time required and costs involved, and struggled to raise sufficient funds (since the levying of dues depended on the lighthouse being operational). He took out expensive loans to see the work through, but was unable to repay them as promised; (he ended up being sent to the
2116:
449:
on rocks near the lighthouse on a clear night in 1898, nearly demolishing the lighthouse in the process. Often due to bad weather there was a delay in relieving the men and supplying stores. In
January 1901 there was some concern that the men had run short of provisions due to the severe weather. It
343:, arranged in two tiers and shining out to sea, probably the first time Argand lamps and reflectors had been installed in an offshore lighthouse. The tower was only just over 38 feet (12 m) high, but was built on top of a rock pinnacle meaning that the lantern was 79 feet (24 m) above
335:, on top of which was a glazed lantern storey with a copper-covered dome. Within the tower itself, the lower level contained a water tank and coal store, the middle floor housed the oil tanks and a kitchen, while the top floor served as a bedroom. The lantern contained a fixed array of eighteen
1063:
366:, in 1855, facing the lighthouse out to sea; keepers' families lived there, as did the keepers themselves when not on station. By this time there were still four keepers, but three now manned the lighthouse while one (by monthly rotation) was ashore.
440:
fog rockets to sound a signal twice every ten minutes. The bell was retained for use as an alternative signal, put to use if the explosive signal was not working, until 1897 when it was removed. Even after these improvements, however, the
450:
was found that there was plenty of stores and the only hardship was their lack of tobacco. They had taken to smoking coffee, hops and tea leaves instead. The explosive signal was altered to sound twice every five minutes in 1899.
517:
In 1988 the lighthouse was automated: the keepers were withdrawn, a new set of generators was installed and the fog horn was replaced by a new electric emitter. It was initially monitored by a telemetry link from the
468:. A new Matthews-designed explosive fog signal apparatus was also installed on the lantern gallery at around the same time. In 1925 the lamp was again replaced, this time with a Hood petroleum vapour burner.
530:
The light was converted to solar power in 2005; it now flashes twice every ten seconds. Seaward flashes are white but they become red – due to tinted sectors – for any vessel straying too close to either
295:
or the
Longships reef as potentially suitable locations. Trinity House sought a leaseholder, who would be responsible for building the tower and maintaining the light in return for the right to levy
475:
diesel generator sets were installed on the old lamp room floor (occupying the lower part of the lantern). Above them an additional floor was inserted to support a new (reduced height) first-order
406:. The lens array, itself over 9 feet (2.7 m) tall, was placed on a 4-foot-9-inch (1.45 m) pedestal within the lantern; the light source was an eight-wick 'Douglass' oil lamp, powered by
390:; construction was supervised by Michael Beazeley, who had been assistant engineer to Douglass at Wolf Rock. The new lighthouse was just over 117 feet (36 m) tall. It was equipped with a
606:
362:
In 1836, Trinity House bought out the lease of the
Longships (and other remaining privately-owned lighthouses). The Corporation built a set of keepers' dwellings onshore, near
429:, which sounded two strokes every fifteen seconds; After the new tower was completed Wyatt's tower was dismantled and the higher pinnacles of rock on Carn Bras were removed.
582:
487:(one long five-second flash every ten seconds) and was visible up to 19 nautical miles (35 km) distant. At the same time, the explosive fog signal was removed and a '
347:; nevertheless very high seas obscured its light. In the early 19th century it was manned by two teams of two keepers, each team being on station for a month at a time.
299:
on passing ships. The lease was eventually granted, for a period of fifty years, to a
Lieutenant Henry Smith (who had previously been involved in trying to establish a
323:
267:
islets which rises 39 feet (12 m) above high water level. In 1988 the lighthouse was automated, and the keepers withdrawn. It is now remotely monitored from the
1180:
594:
1587:
836:
694:
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331:
Smith's lighthouse was first lit on 29 September 1795. Built to Wyatt's design, it was a round tower, three storeys high and built of
878:"Lighthouse management : the report of the Royal Commissioners on Lights, Buoys, and Beacons, 1861, examined and refuted Vol. 2"
2072:
1136:
83:
386:. The building of the present granite tower used much of the equipment that had previously been used in the construction of the
2144:
2139:
1927:
383:
1647:
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1056:"Principal keeper of Longships Lighthouse, off Lands End, Cornwall, in the operations room, checking the lighting equipment"
570:
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The tower was first lit in
December 1873, having cost £43,870 to build, and displayed a fixed white light with two red
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was petitioned repeatedly by ship owners for a lighthouse to be built on one of the rocks off Land's End. In 1790
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In 1967 the light was electrified and the tower modified: the 1873 optic was removed and in its place a pair of
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436:(eclipsed for three seconds every minute). An explosive fog signal was introduced at the same time, using
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a slightly shorter range of 11 nautical miles (20 km; 13 mi). During poor visibility the
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is an active 19th-century lighthouse about 1.25 mi (2.0 km) off the coast of
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In 1974 a helipad was constructed on top of the lantern, greatly easing access.
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In 1869 Trinity House began constructing a replacement tower to the designs of
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866:(1995 ed.). Caithness, Scotland: Whittles Publishing. p. 74.
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425:, to the south-east). Initially the new lighthouse was fitted with a
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491:' fog horn was installed: compressed air was provided by a pair of
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The keepers' cottages on the mainland remained in use until 1988.
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Seashaken Houses: A Lighthouse
History from Eddystone to Fastnet
600:
As of 2021 solar panels surround the lower half of the lantern.
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956:. London: Lockwood & co. pp. 146–148. Archived from
327:
The original
Longships Lighthouse, photographed in the 1860s.
155:
tapered cylindrical tower with lantern and helipad on the top
548:
539:
to the south-southeast. The white light has a range of 15
1017:
London
Gazette, Issue: 26901, Page: 5734, 19 October 1897
927:. London: Lockwood & co. p. 184. Archived from
808:. Bradford-on-Avon, Wilts.: Thomas Reed. pp. 96–97.
687:"Lighthouses of Southwest England (Devon and Cornwall)"
1043:
London
Gazette, Issue: 27040, Page: 93, 6 January 1899
1137:
United States
National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency
1006:
London Gazette, Issue: 25226, Page: 2315, 1 May 1883
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522:; since 1996 it has been monitored from Harwich.
2131:
1188:
461:In 1904 the multi-wick lamp was replaced with a
799:
797:
479:optic, with an electric lamp replacing the old
898:Rock lighthouses of Britain The end of an era?
790:. Southampton, Hants.: B & T Publications.
1581:
1174:
803:
1123:British Isles, English Channel and North Sea
1032:. No. 1962. 25 January 1901. p. 3.
812:
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576:Longships lighthouse from the landward side.
510:Aerial view of the helipad on the lighthouse
1079:Lost Sounds: The Story of Coast Fog Signals
999:
857:
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834:Trinity House website; Longships lighthouse
788:Lighthouses of England and Wales: Longships
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695:University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
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457:A 1904 picture postcard of the lighthouse.
291:surveyed the area, and recommended either
44:Longships lighthouse from the seaward side
38:
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818:
432:In 1883 Longstone was altered to show an
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984:. London: Charles Wilson. 1878. p.
846:
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283:In the second half of the 18th century,
900:. Whittles Publishing. pp. 72–73.
891:
889:
887:
804:Woodman, Richard; Wilson, Jane (2002).
612:View of the lighthouse from Land's End.
318:
2132:
1076:
949:
920:
678:
588:The lighthouse on a windy day in 1938.
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1162:
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1066:from the original on 15 August 2023.
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271:Operations & Planning Centre in
232:15 nmi (28 km; 17 mi)
684:
13:
1053:
752:Oxford University Research Archive
708:
14:
2166:
1147:
183:one second blast every 10 seconds
2114:
1081:. Caithness, Scotland: Whittles.
1028:"Driven To Smoking Tea-Leaves".
823:. Particular Books. p. 111.
806:The Lighthouses of Trinity House
650:
636:
617:
605:
593:
581:
569:
499:, each placed alongside its own
28:
1085:
1047:
1036:
1030:The Cornubian and Redruth Times
1021:
1010:
972:
914:
896:Nicholson, Christopher (1995).
862:Nicholson, Christopher (1983).
559:sounds once every ten seconds.
827:
744:Robinson, John Martin (1974).
666:List of lighthouses in England
163:unpainted tower, white lantern
1:
2145:Lighthouses completed in 1875
2140:Lighthouses completed in 1795
671:
953:European Light-House Systems
924:European Light-House Systems
723:Lighthouses and lightvessels
525:
378:Longships Lighthouse (2023).
7:
1097:BBC Inside Out - South West
864:Rock lighthouses of Britain
629:
10:
2171:
2003:South Foreland Lighthouses
1673:Burnham-on-Sea Round Tower
950:Elliot, George H. (1875).
921:Elliot, George H. (1875).
562:
495:compressor units to three
303:on the rocks). He engaged
278:
2111:
1603:
1521:
1423:
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981:The English Channel Pilot
839:17 September 2008 at the
624:Aerial view of the rocks.
421:, to the north-east, and
417:(to warn ships away from
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691:The Lighthouse Directory
503:on the lantern gallery.
483:burner. It displayed an
99:50.0668583°N 5.7467750°W
2150:Lighthouses in Cornwall
819:Nancollas, Tom (2018).
747:Samuel Wyatt, architect
466:incandescent oil burner
208:35 m (115 ft)
147:35 m (115 ft)
1597:Lighthouses in England
843:; retrieved April 2010
786:Boyle, Martin (1997).
719:"Longships Lighthouse"
511:
458:
379:
370:The current lighthouse
357:
328:
104:50.0668583; -5.7467750
1077:Renton, Alan (2001).
509:
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377:
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16:Lighthouse in England
388:Wolf Rock Lighthouse
319:The first lighthouse
253:Longships Lighthouse
216:First Order Dioptric
25:Longships Lighthouse
1928:Portland Breakwater
1913:Plymouth Breakwater
1663:Burnham-on-Sea High
880:. 1861. p. 89.
493:Worthington-Simpson
95: /
34:
2121:England portal
1718:Fleetwood (Pharos)
1668:Burnham-on-Sea Low
1139:. 2016. p. 1.
1093:"Lighthouse Power"
960:on 29 October 2020
931:on 29 October 2020
658:Engineering portal
512:
459:
398:optic built by Dr
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358:
329:
24:
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1848:Lynmouth Foreland
1713:Fleetwood (Beach)
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1335:Lynmouth Foreland
520:Lizard Lighthouse
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1918:Portishead Point
1738:Guile Point East
1708:Flamborough Head
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1280:Guile Point East
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1119:List of Lights,
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2018:Southsea Castle
1993:Smeaton's Tower
1958:Royal Sovereign
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725:. Trinity House
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1132:List of Lights
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131:granite tower
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2053:Trevose Head
1998:Souter Point
1988:Seaton Carew
1963:St Anthony's
1953:Round Island
1938:Portland Low
1868:New Brighton
1822:
1808:Killingholme
1633:Bidston Hill
1545:Europa Point
1498:South Bishop
1405:Trevose Head
1375:St Anthony's
1370:Round Island
1309:
1130:
1122:
1118:
1112:
1100:. Retrieved
1096:
1087:
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1072:
1060:agefotostock
1059:
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1029:
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989:. Retrieved
980:
974:
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958:the original
952:
945:
933:. Retrieved
929:the original
923:
916:
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756:. Retrieved
751:
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722:
698:. Retrieved
690:
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553:sector light
537:Gwennap Head
529:
516:
513:
470:
460:
442:
431:
412:
396:catadioptric
381:
361:
337:Argand lamps
330:
309:Fleet Prison
305:Samuel Wyatt
289:John Smeaton
282:
252:
251:
205:Focal height
128:Construction
123:1795 (first)
90:5°44′48.39″W
87:50°4′00.69″N
18:
2038:Start Point
1983:Scarborough
1908:Plover Scar
1843:Lundy South
1838:Lundy North
1803:Inner Farne
1793:Hurst Point
1748:Happisburgh
1638:Bishop Rock
1618:Beachy Head
1608:Anvil Point
1503:South Stack
1478:St Tudwal's
1468:Point Lynas
1395:Start Point
1330:Lundy South
1325:Lundy North
1300:Hurst Point
1270:Flamborough
1230:Bishop Rock
1220:Beachy Head
1210:Anvil Point
1190:Lighthouses
1102:25 February
991:11 February
758:15 February
729:11 December
700:11 December
423:Rundlestone
419:the Brisons
392:first-order
364:Sennen Cove
120:Constructed
102: /
77:Coordinates
2134:Categories
2078:Withernsea
2028:Spurn Head
2008:South Gare
1948:Roker Pier
1883:Orfordness
1798:Ilfracombe
1788:Hunstanton
1768:Heugh Hill
1688:Crow Point
1658:Bull Point
1643:Black Nore
1628:Berry Head
1623:Belle Tout
1550:Les Hanois
1463:Nash Point
1290:Heugh Hill
1250:Crow Point
1235:Bull Point
1225:Berry Head
672:References
547:; 17
489:supertyfon
341:reflectors
315:in 1801).
257:Land's End
179:Fog signal
62:Land's End
21:Lighthouse
2098:Wolf Rock
2083:Winterton
2058:Tynemouth
2023:Southwold
1978:St Mary's
1888:Pakefield
1858:Nab Tower
1833:Lowestoft
1828:Longstone
1823:Longships
1778:Hodbarrow
1763:The Heugh
1743:Hale Head
1728:Gorleston
1698:Eddystone
1693:Dungeness
1653:Bow Creek
1527:Gibraltar
1453:Monkstone
1415:Wolf Rock
1390:Southwold
1340:Nab Tower
1320:Lowestoft
1315:Longstone
1310:Longships
1260:Eddystone
1255:Dungeness
1121:Pub. 114:
543:(28
526:Operation
345:sea level
293:Wolf Rock
275:, Essex.
265:Longships
221:Intensity
197:First lit
136:Automated
58:Longships
2073:Whitgift
2048:Tater Du
1943:Rampside
1903:Peninnis
1853:Maryport
1733:Gunfleet
1613:Bamburgh
1540:Casquets
1535:Alderney
1513:Trwyn Du
1488:Skokholm
1483:Skerries
1448:Holyhead
1443:Flatholm
1400:Tater Du
1360:Peninnis
1215:Bamburgh
1064:Archived
964:10 March
935:10 March
837:Archived
754:(Thesis)
630:See also
557:fog horn
501:air tank
497:sounders
481:paraffin
477:dioptric
463:Matthews
427:fog bell
261:Cornwall
168:Operator
160:Markings
66:Cornwall
54:Location
1968:St Bees
1898:Pendeen
1863:Needles
1813:Leasowe
1783:Hoylake
1758:Harwich
1723:Godrevy
1458:Mumbles
1433:Bardsey
1380:St Bees
1355:Pendeen
1345:Needles
1275:Godrevy
1202:England
563:Gallery
447:wrecked
415:sectors
333:granite
279:History
273:Harwich
70:England
2155:Sennen
2088:Whitby
2063:Walney
1818:Lizard
1683:Cromer
1678:Coquet
1525:&
1493:Smalls
1410:Whitby
1305:Lizard
1245:Cromer
1240:Coquet
904:
473:Lister
394:fixed
313:debtor
301:beacon
144:Height
1893:Paull
1703:Farne
1648:Blyth
1425:Wales
1265:Farne
1127:(PDF)
438:Brock
408:colza
339:with
311:as a
229:Range
192:Light
152:Shape
115:Tower
27:
2103:Wyre
1555:Sark
1104:2020
993:2020
966:2019
937:2019
902:ISBN
760:2022
731:2017
702:2017
445:was
297:dues
213:Lens
139:1988
1192:of
402:of
259:in
2136::
1135:.
1129:.
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1058:.
986:92
886:^
848:^
796:^
768:^
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721:.
710:^
693:.
689:.
549:mi
545:km
410:.
60:,
1589:e
1582:t
1575:v
1182:e
1175:t
1168:v
1106:.
995:.
968:.
939:.
910:.
762:.
733:.
704:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
