Knowledge

Local government in Australia

Source đź“ť

2295: 2287: 332: 1271: 1235: 172: 2104: 1259: 337: 2227:
Victoria saw the number of local councils reduced from 210 to 78. South Australia, Tasmania and Queensland saw some reductions in the number of local governments while Western Australia and New South Wales rejected compulsory mergers. New South Wales eventually forced the merging of some councils. The main purpose of amalgamating councils was for greater efficiency and to improve operations, but forced amalgamation of councils is sometimes seen as a dilution of
2714: 1243: 2700: 985: 49: 4792: 4858: 4886: 4820: 2136:
approvals, and local services such as waste disposal. Child care, tourism and urban renewal were also beginning to be part of local governments' role. These are financed by collection of local land taxes known as "rates", and grants from the state and Commonwealth governments. They are caricatured as being concerned only with the "three Rs": Rates, Roads and Rubbish.
3527: 2135:
The councils' chief responsibility in the first half of the 20th century was the provision of physical infrastructure such as roads, bridges and sewerage. From the 1970s the emphasis changed to community facilities such as libraries and parks, maintenance of local roads, town planning and development
1467:
Almost all local councils have the same administrative functions and similar political structures, regardless of their naming, and retain a particular designation ("shire", "borough", "town", "city") for historical reasons only. They will typically have an elected council and usually a mayor or shire
2445:
Many Canberra districts have community organisations called "community councils", but these are not part of the government (though they generally receive government funding). They do not have the power to change laws or policies, and their role is limited to advising government. They are effectively
2234:
An increase in the range of services offered by councils, but only minor cost savings of less than 10% have been noted by academics as outcomes after mergers. The council mergers have resulted in widespread job losses and lingering resentment from some whose roles have experienced a larger workload.
2139:
However, the roles of local government areas in Australia have recently expanded as higher levels of government have devolved activities to the third tier. Examples include the provision of community health services, regional airports and pollution control as well as community safety and accessible
2400:
Unlike many other countries, Australia has only one level of local government immediately beneath state and territorial governments. Aside from very sparsely populated areas and a few other special cases, almost all of Australia is part of a local government area. Unincorporated areas are often in
2206:
followed, both in 1842. All of these early forms failed; it was not until the 1860s and 1870s that the various colonies established widespread stable forms of local government, mainly for the purpose of raising money to build roads in rural and outer-urban regions. Council representatives attended
2131:
command more resources due to their larger population base. Unlike local governments in many other countries, services such as police, fire protection and schools are provided by respective state or territory governments rather than by local councils. However, local governments still maintain some
2226:
Significant reforms took place in the 1980s and 1990s in which state governments used metrics and efficiency analysis developed within the private sector in the local government arena. Each state conducted an inquiry into the benefits of council amalgamations during the 1990s. In the early 1990s,
1316:
Although all essentially identical in functions and jurisdictions, Australian local governments have a variety of different titles. The term "local government area" (LGA) is used by the ABS to collectively refer to all local government administrative zones regardless of the varying designations,
2140:
transport. The changes in services has been described as a shift from 'services to property' towards 'services to people'. Community expectations of local government in Australia have risen in the 21st century partly as a result of wider participation in
2899:
The Australian Capital Territory does not have a separate system of local government such as that seen in other states and the Northern Territory. Local government functions in the ACT are instead handled directly by the Territory government. The
2945:
All LGAs in New South Wales that are not cities are classified as "areas" in the Local Government Act. Some may choose to retain their titles held under older versions of the act, tabulated here. Others have no title and refer to themselves as "
4771: 2330:
level, and are similar throughout Australia, but can vary to some degree between jurisdictions. State departments oversee the activities of local councils and may intervene in their affairs when needed, subject to relevant legislation.
4572: 4764: 2584:. Most services that would normally be provided by a council, such as waste collection and recreation facilities, are absent from these islands. On French Island, maintenance of roads and roadsides is carried out by 4688: 4757: 1189:
Despite the single tier of local governance in Australia, there are a number of extensive regions with relatively low populations that are not a part of any established LGA. Powers of local governments in these
2186:
Constitution of Australia. "Municipal institutions and local government" appears in Annotation 447, and "Power of the Parliament of a Colony" appears under "Residuary Legislative Powers" on pages 935 and 936.
4728: 4587: 2242:
has also been a factor in local government reform in Australia. In 1995, there were 50 such agreements across the country. A 2002 study identified 55 ROCs with the largest involving 18 councils.
4738: 4683: 2151:
Recent years have seen some State governments devolving additional powers onto LGAs. In Queensland and Western Australia LGAs have been granted the power to independently enact their own local
4698: 4678: 4650: 4607: 4617: 4025: 3393: 4718: 4713: 4693: 2253:
Local government is mentioned in the annotated Australian constitution, as a department of the State Governments, and they are mentioned in the constitutions of each of the six states.
2585: 2744: 2250:
Local government powers are determined by state governments, and states have primary responsibility for funding and exclusive responsibility for supervision of local councils.
4582: 4733: 4632: 2548:, 63% of the state's area is unincorporated. Residents in this area – less than 0.2% of the state's population – receive municipal services provided by a state agency, the 4627: 4622: 4612: 4602: 4592: 3302: 4087: 706: 2780: 2672: 2626: 2442:
handles responsibilities that are under the purview of local government in other parts of Australia, such as local road maintenance, libraries and waste collection.
2956: 1480:. The powers of mayors vary as well; for example, mayors in Queensland have broad executive functions, whereas mayors in New South Wales are essentially ceremonial 4343: 2218:
expanded the level of funding to local governments in Australia beyond grants for road construction. General purpose grants become available for the first time.
1059: 763: 2815:
The Development of Local Government in Australia, Focusing on NSW: From Road Builder to Planning Agency to Servant of the State Government and Developmentalism
3144: 2278:
Federal government interaction with local councils happens regularly through the provision of federal grants to help fund local government managed projects.
4874: 4030: 2257: 1104: 693: 628: 2826: 1432:
they are designated as "rural city". Historically, the word "borough" was common for small towns and suburban centers in Victoria, but nowadays only the
785: 17: 4139: 4097: 2739: 2268: 385: 364: 4348: 2496:, 1.47% of the total area and 3.0% of the population are in unincorporated areas. These include the Cox-Daly and Marrakai-Douglas Daly areas in the 2267:
sought to explicitly insert mention of local government in the federal constitution but this was comprehensively defeated. A further referendum was
4723: 4215: 3648: 3255: 2343: 1557: 758: 521: 511: 3269: 2914: 3743: 548: 538: 4072: 2424: 2264: 1562: 1518:
The following table provides a summary of local government areas by states and territories by local government area types as of December 2023:
1210:. The administrative area covered by local government councils in Australia ranges from as small as 1.5 km (0.58 sq mi) for the 66: 4383: 530: 113: 4952: 4937: 1301:
and the surrounding regions (normally performed by local governments in other states) are performed by the ACT territorial government. The
417: 2483:). This area is sparsely populated. Local government functions in this area are managed directly by the state government and its agencies. 2170:
have shaped state government legislation towards increased freedoms aiming to allow greater flexibility on the part of local governments.
85: 4947: 4908: 4358: 4265: 3708: 2848: 2749: 2378: 1542: 1052: 743: 701: 4211: 3643: 1436:
remains as the one and only borough in the entire country. New South Wales and Queensland have also introduced a new term "region" for
4841: 4235: 4205: 3672: 3636: 2358: 2338: 1732: 1547: 1527: 1507: 825: 748: 728: 92: 3086: 4174: 4132: 3851: 807: 803: 792: 4869: 4546: 3988: 2734: 633: 2561: 4927: 4846: 4808: 4276: 4149: 4107: 3115: 1045: 879: 864: 656: 99: 3473: 2427:
is responsible for both state-level and local-level matters. In some countries, such an arrangement would be referred to as a
2260:
sought to amend the Constitution to authorise the federal government to directly fund local governments, but it was defeated.
4261: 3795: 3703: 3294: 2439: 2123:
All local governments are approximately equal in their theoretical powers, although LGAs that encompass large cities such as
1124: 1026: 902: 869: 282: 3233: 3183: 3060: 3014: 2064:
The Australian Classification of Local Governments (ACLG) categorises local governing authorities using the population, the
1412:
council/shire" and "island" are used in addition. The word "municipality" occurs in some states with differing meanings: in
4448: 4298: 4225: 4154: 4112: 3827: 3660: 3398: 2352: 1537: 377: 4749: 3559: 2773: 556: 81: 4231: 4201: 4164: 4122: 4010: 3817: 3736: 3667: 3631: 2967: 2682: 1457: 1088: 859: 674: 353: 35: 2388:
is not divided into local government areas, so it is regarded as a single "unincorporated" local government area during
2318:
of the state/territory it belongs to. The functions and practices of local councils are mostly centered around managing
1108: 4942: 4673: 4255: 4245: 4020: 3696: 3684: 3564: 3227: 3054: 3008: 2372: 2363: 2239: 2160: 1552: 1532: 1159: 753: 264: 4897: 3611: 3554: 2501: 2152: 1388:
Sometimes designations other than "city" or "shire" are used in the names of LGAs, and today the stylised titles of "
851: 688: 132: 4393: 1448:
does not mandate adopting a designation, some local government areas are legally known simply as "council", such as
4181: 4000: 3982: 3976: 3971: 3966: 3961: 3956: 3951: 3946: 3941: 3936: 3931: 3926: 3921: 3916: 3911: 3906: 3901: 3896: 3891: 3886: 3881: 3140: 2272: 1116: 838: 615: 610: 605: 600: 595: 590: 3480:. 10 September 2024. (follow the link to "Determination that Specified Areas are Designated Bushfire Prone Areas") 3446: 4597: 4057: 3531: 2901: 2645: 2432: 1449: 1302: 1147: 931: 916: 646: 428: 396: 4932: 4333: 4221: 4144: 4102: 3805: 3729: 3655: 3177: 2476: 2348: 874: 776: 738: 661: 70: 2813: 4338: 4169: 4159: 4127: 4117: 4077: 4062: 4042: 3876: 3866: 3773: 3451: 2678: 2549: 2521: 2159:. Councils also have organised their own representative structures such as Local Government Associations and 1374: 1127:, there is only one tier of local government in each Australian state/territory, with no distinction between 951: 926: 889: 884: 623: 290: 216: 3579: 4318: 4251: 4241: 3691: 3679: 2878: 2420: 2385: 2368: 2108: 1294: 1219: 1207: 733: 106: 3499: 2637:
is treated as an unincorporated area by the Victorian Government for the purposes of formally designating
4539: 4294: 3788: 3778: 2577: 1031: 247: 4831: 4708: 4290: 2529: 2509: 2505: 2256:
Under the Constitution, the federal government cannot provide funding directly to local governments; a
1120: 961: 815: 503: 459: 4047: 3846: 2602: 2294: 2286: 2179: 1488: 1251: 1215: 1211: 1096: 921: 181: 4703: 4655: 4577: 3993: 3324: 2822: 2606: 2573: 2447: 2228: 1011: 830: 638: 3544:– Spreadsheet of population data for local government areas in the 2006 and 2011 Australian census 4781: 4478: 3834: 3812: 2649: 2208: 1433: 966: 946: 941: 451: 323: 313: 59: 30:
This article is about the third-level government division in Australia. For the first level, see
4532: 4498: 4473: 4398: 4323: 4035: 3839: 2614: 2469: 2311: 2145: 2112: 1604: 1572: 1409: 1247: 1163: 1016: 996: 971: 956: 911: 574: 441: 409: 2856: 4493: 4328: 4302: 4286: 4052: 3768: 3752: 3604: 2729: 2638: 2167: 1468:
president responsible for chairing meetings of the council. In some councils, the mayor is a
1310: 1143: 1092: 484: 237: 200: 157: 31: 3560:
Australian Bureau of Statistics: Australian Standard Geographical Classification (ASGC) 2005
2211:, however local government was unquestionably regarded as outside the Constitutional realm. 4779: 4453: 4438: 4428: 4067: 3783: 3349: 2566: 1460:. Some rural areas in South Australia are known as "district council", and all the LGAs in 1445: 1429: 1199: 683: 331: 300: 2592:
is responsible for food safety of commercial premises. The Victorian Government maintains
8: 4433: 3325:"Proposal to incorporate unincorporated areas in the Cox-Daly and Marrakai-Douglas Dalys" 3082: 2480: 2389: 1972: 1416:
it is typically used for older urban areas, and the word is used for some rural towns in
1306: 1274: 1191: 820: 3528:"Table 1: Population growth and turnover in Local Government Areas (LGAs), 2006 to 2011" 4503: 4418: 4368: 3856: 3249: 2493: 2215: 2128: 2065: 1473: 1453: 1344: 1290: 1206:; or directly administered by state/territory governments, such as the entirety of the 1175: 1115:
were unsuccessful. Every state/territory government recognises local government in its
494: 489: 4836: 4313: 3822: 3800: 3223: 3173: 3050: 3004: 2754: 2661: 2533: 2428: 2303: 2199: 1503: 1441: 1425: 1340: 1286: 1278: 1270: 1021: 1006: 345: 293: 3219:
Local Government Reform: A Comparative Analysis of Advanced Anglo-American Countries
3108: 1499:, the most populous LGA in the country, which administers a significant part of the 1234: 4513: 4463: 4443: 3597: 3421: 3000:
Local Government in a Global World: Australia and Canada in Comparative Perspective
2705: 2668: 2589: 2581: 2465: 2195: 2132:
responsibility for fire service functions within Queensland and Western Australia.
2124: 1496: 1469: 1112: 989: 651: 561: 255: 4378: 4308: 3217: 3167: 3044: 2998: 2719: 2545: 2458: 2141: 1417: 1413: 1378: 1348: 1223: 1001: 541: 474: 462: 3589: 4508: 2622: 2593: 2525: 2517: 2319: 2307: 2203: 1263: 1195: 514: 272: 4524: 3569: 4921: 4468: 4413: 4388: 2610: 2191: 1382: 479: 469: 171: 4423: 4403: 4373: 3215: 2618: 2315: 2103: 1761: 1636: 1492: 1397: 1364: 1360: 420: 2904:
refers to the whole of the ACT as an unincorporated local government area.
2198:
followed, created by the province of South Australia in October 1840. The
1258: 4795: 4458: 4408: 2634: 1506:. In most cases, when a city's population statistics are used, it is the 1318: 388: 336: 208: 3721: 2713: 4861: 4483: 2404: 2116: 2069: 1822: 1481: 1477: 1421: 1326: 1203: 1179: 1100: 1076: 795: 399: 367: 224: 3555:
July 2008 maps, Australian Standard Geographical Classification (ASGC)
2576:
is an unincorporated area, as are two nearby privately-owned islands,
2194:, established in 1838, only three years after British settlement. The 1242: 4889: 4823: 3760: 2513: 2411:
are entirely partitioned into LGAs and have no unincorporated areas.
2327: 1888: 1309:" local government area, even though it is technically a state-level 1080: 936: 356: 2569:
has a number of unincorporated areas which are not part of any LGA:
2401:
remote locations, cover vast areas, or have very small populations.
2298:
New South Wales LGAs by largest council faction as of December 2022.
48: 4791: 4488: 2408: 2323: 2183: 1500: 1461: 1401: 1298: 1174:" also have a geographic or historical interpretation. The council 1084: 190: 3109:"The annotated constitution of the Australian Commonwealth (1901)" 3083:"The annotated constitution of the Australian Commonwealth (1901)" 1444:
of smaller shires and rural cities. In New South Wales, where the
1186:. As of August 2016, there were 547 local councils in Australia. 2497: 2334:
For more details in each state and territory, see the following:
2156: 2072:
for the council. The classification, at the two-digit level, is:
2068:
and the proportion of the population that is classified as being
1790: 1700: 1575: 1464:
that were previously municipalities have been renamed "council".
1437: 1393: 1322: 1218:, to as big as 624,339 km (241,059 sq mi) for the 1167: 1139: 3216:
Dollery, Brian E.; Joseph Garcea, Edward C. Lasage, Jr. (2008).
2996: 2886: 2648:
includes numerous other uninhabited offshore islands, including
1405: 1330: 1128: 3574: 2853:
Expert Panel on Constitutional Recognition of Local Government
1484:
who can only exercise power at the discretion of the council.
4857: 3371: 2290:
Victoria LGAs by largest council faction as of December 2022.
1855: 1607: 1369: 1356: 1352: 1297:
has no separate local government, and municipal functions in
1183: 1171: 4885: 4819: 2671:, which are officially uninhabited and controlled by the WA 3584: 1825: 1665: 1389: 1335: 1132: 2435:
refers to the whole of the ACT as an unincorporated area.
2673:
Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development
2190:
The first official local government in Australia was the
1420:. Larger towns and small metropolitan exurban centres in 1162:(roughly equivalent to neighborhoods) often of different 846: 3500:"2021 Unincorporated Vic, Census All persons QuickStats" 2652:, in its definition of unincorporated areas of Victoria. 2562:
Local government in Victoria § Unincorporated areas
4909:
Table of administrative country subdivisions by country
2774:"Democracy in Australia – Australia's political system" 2766: 3394:"French Island, Sandstone Island and Elizabeth Island" 3042: 2855:. Australian Government. December 2011. Archived from 2479:
covers the western third of the state (other than the
1513: 1472:
figure, but in most cases the mayor is elected by the
1198:
established outside of the local legislation, as with
1138:
The Australian local government is generally run by a
3165: 2997:
Brunet-Jailly, Emmanuel; John Francis Martin (2010).
2964:
Department of Infrastructure and Regional Development
2883:
Department of Infrastructure and Regional Development
2849:"Appendix G Local government in State constitutions" 2695: 73:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 3046:The Theory and Practice of Local Government Reform 2740:Australian Local Government Fossil Fuel Divestment 1510:population rather than the local government area. 1487:Most of the capital city LGAs administer only the 3619: 1119:. Unlike the two-tier local government system in 4919: 3580:Local Government and Planning Ministers' Council 2344:Local government areas of the Northern Territory 1305:(ABS), however, considers the entire ACT as an " 4554: 3585:Local Government & Municipal Knowledge Base 3169:Australian Local Government: Reform and Renewal 3003:. University of Toronto Press. pp. 82–84. 2966:. July 2015. p. Appendix F. Archived from 2821:. World Planning Schools Congress 2011. Perth: 2681:in central Perth, which is administered by the 2414: 2302:Local government in Australia has very limited 2178:There is no mention of local government in the 1266:council, a local government area within Sydney. 3372:"Welcome to the Outback Communities Authority" 2182:, though it is mentioned several times in the 4765: 4540: 3737: 3605: 3327:. Northern Territory Government. 21 July 2017 2271:, but was cancelled due to the change in the 1053: 531:Federal Circuit and Family Court of Australia 3270:"2016 Census QuickStats: Unincorporated ACT" 3254:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( 2915:"2016 Census QuickStats: Unincorporated ACT" 2811: 2745:List of local government areas by population 1229: 3222:. Edward Elgar Publishing. pp. 18–19. 3049:. Edward Elgar Publishing. pp. 93–96. 3043:Dollery, Brian E.; Lorenzo Robotti (2008). 2750:List of local government areas of Australia 2379:Local government areas of Western Australia 1166:; however, stylised terms such as "city", " 1095:. Local government is not mentioned in the 4772: 4758: 4547: 4533: 3744: 3730: 3612: 3598: 3166:Dollery, Brian E.; Marshall, Neil (1997). 2957:"Local Government National Report 2013–14" 2281: 2245: 1285:Local governments are subdivisions of the 1060: 1046: 3751: 3447:"French Island Emergency Management Plan" 3075: 2359:Local government areas of South Australia 2339:Local government areas of New South Wales 133:Learn how and when to remove this message 3038: 3036: 3034: 3032: 2992: 2990: 2988: 2293: 2285: 2155:, in contrast to the previous system of 2102: 1269: 1257: 1241: 1233: 1182:, and the head councillor is called the 3352:. Australian Bureau of Statistics. 2023 3344: 3342: 2941: 2939: 2937: 2935: 2735:Australian Local Government Association 2395: 2098: 2076:RA – Rural Agricultural 786:Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade 150:This article is part of a series on the 14: 4920: 3211: 3209: 3207: 3205: 3203: 3201: 3159: 2440:Transport Canberra & City Services 2079:RS – Rural Significant 1111:to alter the Constitution relating to 4753: 4528: 3725: 3593: 3172:. Macmillan Education AU. p. 4. 3029: 2985: 2807: 2805: 2803: 2801: 2629:, a State Government-appointed board. 2487: 1428:simply use the term "town", while in 1158:, each of which encompasses multiple 3399:Department of Transport and Planning 3339: 3305:from the original on 3 February 2016 2932: 2829:from the original on 11 October 2016 2786:from the original on 27 January 2014 2656: 2353:Local government areas of Queensland 2088:UD – Urban Developed 1238:Local government areas in Australia. 1194:may be exercised by special-purpose 71:adding citations to reliable sources 42: 4953:Administrative divisions in Oceania 4938:Local government areas of Australia 3426:French Island Community Association 3350:"Region summary: Unincorporated NT" 3198: 3133: 2683:Botanic Gardens and Parks Authority 2094:UR – Urban Regional 1514:Local governments by type and state 36:States and territories of Australia 27:Third-level government in Australia 24: 18:Local Government Areas in Australia 4948:Lists of subdivisions of Australia 4036:State and Territory Shadow Cabinet 3575:Local Government Focus (newspaper) 3262: 3121:from the original on 11 April 2014 3089:from the original on 25 March 2014 2798: 2539: 2453: 2373:Local government areas of Victoria 2364:Local government areas of Tasmania 2314:-wise is subject to the exclusive 2240:Regional Organisations of Councils 2161:Regional Organisations of Councils 2085:UC – Urban Capital 1146:is referred to generically by the 170: 25: 4964: 3548: 2502:Northern Territory Rates Act Area 2423:(ACT) has no municipalities. The 2091:UF – Urban Fringe 2082:RT – Rural Remote 2059: 4884: 4856: 4818: 4790: 3274:quickstats.censusdata.abs.gov.au 3186:from the original on 15 May 2016 3147:from the original on 4 July 2013 3017:from the original on 27 May 2016 2919:quickstats.censusdata.abs.gov.au 2885:. 17 August 2016. Archived from 2712: 2698: 2601:Victoria's six alpine resorts – 983: 839:Australia and the United Nations 335: 330: 47: 3532:Australian Bureau of Statistics 3504:Australian Bureau of Statistics 3492: 3466: 3439: 3414: 3386: 3374:. Government of South Australia 3364: 3317: 3287: 3236:from the original on 2 May 2016 3101: 3063:from the original on 1 May 2016 2902:Australian Bureau of Statistics 2646:Australian Bureau of Statistics 2586:Forest Fire Management Victoria 2438:The ACT Government directorate 2433:Australian Bureau of Statistics 1450:Port Macquarie-Hastings Council 1321:itself is generally known as a 1303:Australian Bureau of Statistics 1148:Australian Bureau of Statistics 82:"Local government in Australia" 58:needs additional citations for 4875:Federated States of Micronesia 4573:Federated States of Micronesia 3474:"Bushfire mapping and reviews" 2949: 2907: 2893: 2871: 2841: 2812:Kelly, A. H. (4–8 July 2011). 2664:has two unincorporated areas: 2625:– are managed and serviced by 2596:powers over all three islands. 2477:Unincorporated Far West Region 2461:has two unincorporated areas: 2349:Local government in Queensland 13: 1: 4928:Local government in Australia 3621:Local government in Australia 3452:Emergency Management Victoria 2760: 2550:Outback Communities Authority 1495:. A notable exception is the 1375:Shire of Mornington Peninsula 4026:Premiers and Chief Ministers 4021:Governors and Administrators 3520: 2779:. Australian Collaboration. 2623:Mount Stirling Alpine Resort 2472:, a State Government agency. 2421:Australian Capital Territory 2415:Australian Capital Territory 2386:Australian Capital Territory 2369:Local government in Victoria 2109:Moreton Bay Regional Council 1524:Local government area types 1408:", "community government", " 1295:Australian Capital Territory 1220:Pastoral Unincorporated Area 1208:Australian Capital Territory 1083:, administered with limited 1027:Australian Capital Territory 689:Premiers and chief ministers 684:Governors and administrators 34:. For the second level, see 7: 4555:Local government in Oceania 2689: 2611:Mount Baw Baw Alpine Resort 2607:Lake Mountain Alpine Resort 2555: 1317:whilst the local governing 1117:own respective constitution 639:Referendums and plebiscites 10: 4969: 4031:Parliaments and Assemblies 2619:Mount Hotham Alpine Resort 2615:Mount Buller Alpine Resort 2559: 2506:Darwin Waterfront Precinct 2221: 2173: 2005: 1971: 1919: 1887: 1854: 1821: 1789: 1760: 1731: 1699: 1664: 1635: 1603: 1571: 1489:central business districts 1091:, and in turn beneath the 694:Parliaments and assemblies 557:State and territory courts 504:Federal Court of Australia 29: 4943:Subdivisions of Australia 4906: 4883: 4855: 4817: 4789: 4780:Articles on second-level 4664: 4641: 4560: 4357: 4275: 4190: 4086: 4009: 3865: 3796:Federal Executive Council 3759: 3627: 3422:"Transport on the island" 2603:Falls Creek Alpine Resort 2180:Constitution of Australia 1252:Berrigan, New South Wales 1230:Types of local government 1216:Perth metropolitan region 1212:Shire of Peppermint Grove 1097:Constitution of Australia 283:Federal Executive Council 4782:administrative divisions 4724:Northern Mariana Islands 3818:House of Representatives 3295:"ACT community councils" 2823:University of Wollongong 2229:representative democracy 624:Federal electoral system 378:House of Representatives 4689:Cocos (Keeling) Islands 4479:Parliamentary secretary 4449:Independent politicians 2650:Lady Julia Percy Island 2627:Alpine Resorts Victoria 2448:residents' associations 2282:State/territory control 2246:Constitutional position 1434:Borough of Queenscliffe 1178:are generally known as 1142:, and its territory of 707:State electoral systems 452:High Court of Australia 4499:Responsible government 4399:Contempt of parliament 3852:Statute of Westminster 3570:australianpolitics.com 2470:Lord Howe Island Board 2299: 2291: 2153:subsidiary legislation 2148:management practices. 2120: 1359:LGA covering a larger 1282: 1267: 1255: 1248:Berrigan Shire Council 1239: 1089:states and territories 1075:is the third level of 804:Diplomatic missions of 676:States and territories 175: 4933:Politics of Australia 4784:of Oceanian countries 4667:and other territories 3753:Politics of Australia 3565:Australian Government 3143:. City of Melbourne. 2730:Australian Government 2297: 2289: 2168:New Public Management 2106: 1367:is usually called a " 1311:administrative region 1277:, the offices of the 1273: 1261: 1245: 1237: 1160:suburbs or localities 1152:local government area 1144:public administration 324:Australian Parliament 265:Deputy Prime Minister 174: 32:Australian Government 4454:Kirribilli agreement 4439:Hardworking Families 4394:Chardonnay socialist 3478:Victorian Government 2396:Unincorporated areas 2196:Adelaide Corporation 2099:Powers and functions 1508:statistical division 1446:Local Government Act 1287:six federated states 1192:unincorporated areas 990:Australia portal 67:improve this article 4434:Group voting ticket 2973:on 17 February 2016 2889:on 10 October 2016. 2481:City of Broken Hill 2207:conventions before 1440:LGAs formed by the 1275:Melbourne Town Hall 629:Electoral divisions 4504:Stolen Generations 4419:Double dissolution 4212:Northern Territory 3644:Northern Territory 3534:. 25 November 2009 2879:"Local Government" 2494:Northern Territory 2488:Northern Territory 2468:is managed by the 2304:legislative powers 2300: 2292: 2238:The growth of the 2216:Whitlam government 2214:In the 1970s, the 2204:Sydney Corporation 2121: 2066:population density 1458:Federation Council 1454:Inner West Council 1345:City of Canada Bay 1291:Northern Territory 1283: 1268: 1256: 1240: 1093:federal government 1032:Northern Territory 647:Voter registration 176: 4915: 4914: 4747: 4746: 4739:Wallis and Futuna 4684:Clipperton Island 4642:Associated states 4522: 4521: 4494:Quiet Australians 4262:Western Australia 3828:Opposition Leader 3806:Foreign relations 3792: 3719: 3718: 3704:Western Australia 3141:"Council history" 2755:Undivided council 2662:Western Australia 2657:Western Australia 2534:Central Australia 2429:unitary authority 2200:City of Melbourne 2057: 2056: 1791:Regional councils 1733:District councils 1504:metropolitan area 1426:Western Australia 1341:City of Melbourne 1333:LGA is called a " 1325:. In general, an 1279:City of Melbourne 1070: 1069: 1012:Western Australia 826:Visa requirements 778:Foreign relations 764:Political parties 662:Political funding 657:Political parties 294:Albanese ministry 161: 143: 142: 135: 117: 16:(Redirected from 4960: 4888: 4870:Marshall Islands 4860: 4847:Papua New Guinea 4822: 4794: 4774: 4767: 4760: 4751: 4750: 4729:Pitcairn Islands 4699:French Polynesia 4679:Christmas Island 4608:Papua New Guinea 4588:Marshall Islands 4561:Sovereign states 4549: 4542: 4535: 4526: 4525: 4464:Leadership spill 4444:How-to-vote card 4429:Forgotten People 4299:Liberal National 4088:State/territory 4011:State/territory 3786: 3774:Governor-General 3746: 3739: 3732: 3723: 3722: 3614: 3607: 3600: 3591: 3590: 3543: 3541: 3539: 3515: 3514: 3512: 3510: 3496: 3490: 3489: 3487: 3485: 3470: 3464: 3463: 3461: 3459: 3443: 3437: 3436: 3434: 3432: 3418: 3412: 3411: 3409: 3407: 3390: 3384: 3383: 3381: 3379: 3368: 3362: 3361: 3359: 3357: 3346: 3337: 3336: 3334: 3332: 3321: 3315: 3314: 3312: 3310: 3291: 3285: 3284: 3282: 3280: 3266: 3260: 3259: 3253: 3245: 3243: 3241: 3213: 3196: 3195: 3193: 3191: 3163: 3157: 3156: 3154: 3152: 3137: 3131: 3130: 3128: 3126: 3120: 3113: 3105: 3099: 3098: 3096: 3094: 3079: 3073: 3072: 3070: 3068: 3040: 3027: 3026: 3024: 3022: 2994: 2983: 2982: 2980: 2978: 2972: 2961: 2953: 2947: 2943: 2930: 2929: 2927: 2925: 2911: 2905: 2897: 2891: 2890: 2875: 2869: 2868: 2866: 2864: 2845: 2839: 2838: 2836: 2834: 2820: 2809: 2796: 2795: 2793: 2791: 2785: 2778: 2770: 2722: 2717: 2716: 2708: 2706:Australia portal 2703: 2702: 2701: 2669:Abrolhos Islands 2590:Bass Coast Shire 2582:Sandstone Island 2578:Elizabeth Island 2466:Lord Howe Island 2269:proposed in 2013 2192:Perth Town Trust 1521: 1520: 1497:City of Brisbane 1470:directly elected 1196:governing bodies 1113:local government 1073:Local government 1062: 1055: 1048: 988: 987: 986: 952:Multiculturalism 927:Environmentalism 905: 793:Foreign Minister 779: 722: 721:Local government 677: 652:Leadership spill 584:Recent elections 577: 562:Law of Australia 444: 339: 334: 316: 256:Anthony Albanese 240: 217:Governor-General 193: 164: 159: 151: 145: 144: 138: 131: 127: 124: 118: 116: 75: 51: 43: 21: 4968: 4967: 4963: 4962: 4961: 4959: 4958: 4957: 4918: 4917: 4916: 4911: 4902: 4879: 4851: 4813: 4785: 4778: 4748: 4743: 4666: 4660: 4643: 4637: 4618:Solomon Islands 4556: 4553: 4523: 4518: 4379:Branch stacking 4360: 4353: 4309:Centre Alliance 4303:Country Liberal 4278: 4271: 4232:South Australia 4202:New South Wales 4193: 4186: 4089: 4082: 4012: 4005: 3868: 3861: 3755: 3750: 3720: 3715: 3668:South Australia 3632:New South Wales 3623: 3618: 3551: 3537: 3535: 3526: 3523: 3518: 3508: 3506: 3498: 3497: 3493: 3483: 3481: 3472: 3471: 3467: 3457: 3455: 3445: 3444: 3440: 3430: 3428: 3420: 3419: 3415: 3405: 3403: 3392: 3391: 3387: 3377: 3375: 3370: 3369: 3365: 3355: 3353: 3348: 3347: 3340: 3330: 3328: 3323: 3322: 3318: 3308: 3306: 3299:Access Canberra 3293: 3292: 3288: 3278: 3276: 3268: 3267: 3263: 3247: 3246: 3239: 3237: 3230: 3214: 3199: 3189: 3187: 3180: 3164: 3160: 3150: 3148: 3139: 3138: 3134: 3124: 3122: 3118: 3111: 3107: 3106: 3102: 3092: 3090: 3081: 3080: 3076: 3066: 3064: 3057: 3041: 3030: 3020: 3018: 3011: 2995: 2986: 2976: 2974: 2970: 2959: 2955: 2954: 2950: 2944: 2933: 2923: 2921: 2913: 2912: 2908: 2898: 2894: 2877: 2876: 2872: 2862: 2860: 2847: 2846: 2842: 2832: 2830: 2818: 2810: 2799: 2789: 2787: 2783: 2776: 2772: 2771: 2767: 2763: 2726: 2725: 2720:Politics portal 2718: 2711: 2704: 2699: 2697: 2692: 2659: 2564: 2558: 2546:South Australia 2542: 2540:South Australia 2490: 2459:New South Wales 2456: 2454:New South Wales 2417: 2398: 2320:public services 2308:judicial powers 2284: 2265:1988 referendum 2258:1974 referendum 2248: 2224: 2176: 2142:decision-making 2107:Offices of the 2101: 2062: 1516: 1493:central suburbs 1418:South Australia 1414:New South Wales 1379:Shire of Banana 1349:City of Bunbury 1289:as well as the 1262:Offices of the 1246:Offices of the 1232: 1224:South Australia 1066: 1037: 1036: 1017:South Australia 997:New South Wales 984: 982: 977: 976: 907: 903: 895: 894: 856: 843: 835: 816:Nationality law 812: 800: 781: 777: 769: 768: 724: 720: 712: 711: 698: 679: 675: 667: 666: 643: 620: 579: 575: 567: 566: 553: 542:Will Alstergren 526: 499: 463:Stephen Gageler 446: 442: 434: 433: 429:Shadow Ministry 405: 373: 341: 318: 314: 306: 305: 278: 242: 238: 230: 229: 195: 191: 162: 158: 149: 139: 128: 122: 119: 76: 74: 64: 52: 39: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 4966: 4956: 4955: 4950: 4945: 4940: 4935: 4930: 4913: 4912: 4907: 4904: 4903: 4901: 4900: 4894: 4892: 4881: 4880: 4878: 4877: 4872: 4866: 4864: 4853: 4852: 4850: 4849: 4844: 4839: 4834: 4828: 4826: 4815: 4814: 4812: 4811: 4806: 4800: 4798: 4787: 4786: 4777: 4776: 4769: 4762: 4754: 4745: 4744: 4742: 4741: 4736: 4731: 4726: 4721: 4719:Norfolk Island 4716: 4711: 4706: 4701: 4696: 4691: 4686: 4681: 4676: 4674:American Samoa 4670: 4668: 4662: 4661: 4659: 4658: 4653: 4647: 4645: 4644:of New Zealand 4639: 4638: 4636: 4635: 4630: 4625: 4620: 4615: 4610: 4605: 4600: 4595: 4590: 4585: 4580: 4575: 4570: 4564: 4562: 4558: 4557: 4552: 4551: 4544: 4537: 4529: 4520: 4519: 4517: 4516: 4511: 4509:Working Family 4506: 4501: 4496: 4491: 4486: 4481: 4476: 4471: 4466: 4461: 4456: 4451: 4446: 4441: 4436: 4431: 4426: 4421: 4416: 4411: 4406: 4401: 4396: 4391: 4386: 4384:Casual vacancy 4381: 4376: 4371: 4365: 4363: 4355: 4354: 4352: 4351: 4346: 4341: 4336: 4331: 4326: 4321: 4316: 4311: 4306: 4283: 4281: 4273: 4272: 4270: 4269: 4259: 4249: 4239: 4229: 4219: 4209: 4198: 4196: 4188: 4187: 4185: 4184: 4178: 4177: 4172: 4167: 4162: 4157: 4152: 4147: 4142: 4136: 4135: 4130: 4125: 4120: 4115: 4110: 4105: 4100: 4094: 4092: 4084: 4083: 4081: 4080: 4075: 4070: 4065: 4060: 4055: 4050: 4045: 4039: 4038: 4033: 4028: 4023: 4017: 4015: 4007: 4006: 4004: 4003: 3997: 3996: 3991: 3986: 3979: 3974: 3969: 3964: 3959: 3954: 3949: 3944: 3939: 3934: 3929: 3924: 3919: 3914: 3909: 3904: 3899: 3894: 3889: 3884: 3879: 3873: 3871: 3863: 3862: 3860: 3859: 3854: 3849: 3843: 3842: 3837: 3831: 3830: 3825: 3820: 3815: 3809: 3808: 3803: 3798: 3793: 3789:Shadow Cabinet 3781: 3779:Prime Minister 3776: 3771: 3765: 3763: 3757: 3756: 3749: 3748: 3741: 3734: 3726: 3717: 3716: 3714: 3713: 3701: 3689: 3677: 3665: 3653: 3641: 3628: 3625: 3624: 3617: 3616: 3609: 3602: 3594: 3588: 3587: 3582: 3577: 3572: 3567: 3562: 3557: 3550: 3549:External links 3547: 3546: 3545: 3522: 3519: 3517: 3516: 3491: 3465: 3438: 3413: 3385: 3363: 3338: 3316: 3286: 3261: 3229:978-1782543862 3228: 3197: 3178: 3158: 3132: 3100: 3074: 3056:978-1781956687 3055: 3028: 3010:978-0802099631 3009: 2984: 2948: 2931: 2906: 2892: 2870: 2859:on 10 May 2013 2840: 2797: 2764: 2762: 2759: 2758: 2757: 2752: 2747: 2742: 2737: 2732: 2724: 2723: 2709: 2694: 2693: 2691: 2688: 2687: 2686: 2676: 2658: 2655: 2654: 2653: 2642: 2631: 2630: 2598: 2597: 2560:Main article: 2557: 2554: 2541: 2538: 2526:Groote Eylandt 2518:Gove Peninsula 2489: 2486: 2485: 2484: 2473: 2455: 2452: 2425:ACT government 2416: 2413: 2397: 2394: 2382: 2381: 2376: 2366: 2361: 2356: 2346: 2341: 2283: 2280: 2247: 2244: 2223: 2220: 2175: 2172: 2100: 2097: 2096: 2095: 2092: 2089: 2086: 2083: 2080: 2077: 2061: 2060:Classification 2058: 2055: 2054: 2049: 2044: 2039: 2034: 2029: 2024: 2019: 2014: 2009: 2003: 2002: 1997: 1994: 1991: 1989: 1986: 1983: 1981: 1978: 1975: 1973:Unincorporated 1969: 1968: 1963: 1958: 1953: 1948: 1943: 1938: 1933: 1928: 1923: 1917: 1916: 1911: 1909: 1906: 1904: 1901: 1898: 1895: 1893: 1891: 1885: 1884: 1879: 1877: 1874: 1872: 1870: 1867: 1864: 1861: 1858: 1852: 1851: 1846: 1844: 1842: 1840: 1837: 1835: 1833: 1830: 1828: 1819: 1818: 1813: 1811: 1808: 1806: 1803: 1801: 1798: 1796: 1793: 1787: 1786: 1781: 1779: 1777: 1775: 1773: 1771: 1769: 1767: 1764: 1762:Municipalities 1758: 1757: 1752: 1750: 1748: 1746: 1743: 1741: 1739: 1737: 1735: 1729: 1728: 1723: 1721: 1718: 1715: 1712: 1710: 1708: 1706: 1703: 1697: 1696: 1691: 1689: 1686: 1683: 1680: 1677: 1674: 1671: 1668: 1662: 1661: 1656: 1654: 1652: 1650: 1648: 1646: 1644: 1641: 1639: 1633: 1632: 1627: 1625: 1623: 1621: 1619: 1617: 1614: 1612: 1610: 1601: 1600: 1595: 1593: 1591: 1589: 1586: 1584: 1582: 1580: 1578: 1569: 1568: 1565: 1560: 1555: 1550: 1545: 1540: 1535: 1530: 1525: 1515: 1512: 1307:unincorporated 1264:City of Sydney 1231: 1228: 1204:alpine resorts 1068: 1067: 1065: 1064: 1057: 1050: 1042: 1039: 1038: 1035: 1034: 1029: 1024: 1019: 1014: 1009: 1004: 999: 993: 992: 979: 978: 975: 974: 969: 964: 959: 954: 949: 944: 939: 934: 929: 924: 919: 914: 908: 901: 900: 897: 896: 893: 892: 887: 882: 880:European Union 877: 872: 867: 865:United Kingdom 862: 855: 854: 849: 842: 841: 834: 833: 828: 823: 818: 811: 810: 799: 798: 789: 788: 782: 775: 774: 771: 770: 767: 766: 761: 756: 751: 746: 741: 736: 731: 725: 718: 717: 714: 713: 710: 709: 704: 697: 696: 691: 686: 680: 673: 672: 669: 668: 665: 664: 659: 654: 649: 642: 641: 636: 631: 626: 619: 618: 613: 608: 603: 598: 593: 587: 586: 580: 573: 572: 569: 568: 565: 564: 559: 552: 551: 549:List of Judges 545: 544: 535: 534: 525: 524: 522:List of Judges 518: 517: 515:Debra Mortimer 508: 507: 498: 497: 492: 487: 482: 477: 472: 466: 465: 456: 455: 447: 440: 439: 436: 435: 432: 431: 425: 424: 414: 413: 404: 403: 393: 392: 382: 381: 372: 371: 361: 360: 350: 349: 328: 327: 319: 312: 311: 308: 307: 304: 303: 297: 296: 287: 286: 277: 276: 273:Richard Marles 269: 268: 260: 259: 252: 251: 248:Prime Minister 243: 236: 235: 232: 231: 228: 227: 221: 220: 212: 211: 205: 204: 196: 189: 188: 185: 184: 178: 177: 167: 166: 154: 153: 141: 140: 55: 53: 46: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 4965: 4954: 4951: 4949: 4946: 4944: 4941: 4939: 4936: 4934: 4931: 4929: 4926: 4925: 4923: 4910: 4905: 4899: 4896: 4895: 4893: 4891: 4887: 4882: 4876: 4873: 4871: 4868: 4867: 4865: 4863: 4859: 4854: 4848: 4845: 4843: 4840: 4838: 4835: 4833: 4830: 4829: 4827: 4825: 4821: 4816: 4810: 4807: 4805: 4802: 4801: 4799: 4797: 4793: 4788: 4783: 4775: 4770: 4768: 4763: 4761: 4756: 4755: 4752: 4740: 4737: 4735: 4732: 4730: 4727: 4725: 4722: 4720: 4717: 4715: 4714:New Caledonia 4712: 4710: 4707: 4705: 4702: 4700: 4697: 4695: 4694:Easter Island 4692: 4690: 4687: 4685: 4682: 4680: 4677: 4675: 4672: 4671: 4669: 4663: 4657: 4654: 4652: 4649: 4648: 4646: 4640: 4634: 4631: 4629: 4626: 4624: 4621: 4619: 4616: 4614: 4611: 4609: 4606: 4604: 4601: 4599: 4596: 4594: 4591: 4589: 4586: 4584: 4581: 4579: 4576: 4574: 4571: 4569: 4566: 4565: 4563: 4559: 4550: 4545: 4543: 4538: 4536: 4531: 4530: 4527: 4515: 4512: 4510: 4507: 4505: 4502: 4500: 4497: 4495: 4492: 4490: 4487: 4485: 4482: 4480: 4477: 4475: 4472: 4470: 4469:Mortgage belt 4467: 4465: 4462: 4460: 4457: 4455: 4452: 4450: 4447: 4445: 4442: 4440: 4437: 4435: 4432: 4430: 4427: 4425: 4422: 4420: 4417: 4415: 4414:Dorothy Dixer 4412: 4410: 4407: 4405: 4402: 4400: 4397: 4395: 4392: 4390: 4389:Caucus revolt 4387: 4385: 4382: 4380: 4377: 4375: 4372: 4370: 4367: 4366: 4364: 4362: 4356: 4350: 4347: 4345: 4344:Other parties 4342: 4340: 4337: 4335: 4332: 4330: 4327: 4325: 4322: 4320: 4317: 4315: 4312: 4310: 4307: 4304: 4300: 4296: 4292: 4288: 4285: 4284: 4282: 4280: 4274: 4267: 4263: 4260: 4257: 4253: 4250: 4247: 4243: 4240: 4237: 4233: 4230: 4227: 4223: 4220: 4217: 4213: 4210: 4207: 4203: 4200: 4199: 4197: 4195: 4189: 4183: 4180: 4179: 4176: 4173: 4171: 4168: 4166: 4163: 4161: 4158: 4156: 4153: 4151: 4148: 4146: 4143: 4141: 4138: 4137: 4134: 4131: 4129: 4126: 4124: 4121: 4119: 4116: 4114: 4111: 4109: 4106: 4104: 4101: 4099: 4096: 4095: 4093: 4091: 4085: 4079: 4076: 4074: 4071: 4069: 4066: 4064: 4061: 4059: 4056: 4054: 4051: 4049: 4046: 4044: 4041: 4040: 4037: 4034: 4032: 4029: 4027: 4024: 4022: 4019: 4018: 4016: 4014: 4008: 4002: 3999: 3998: 3995: 3992: 3990: 3987: 3985: 3984: 3980: 3978: 3975: 3973: 3970: 3968: 3965: 3963: 3960: 3958: 3955: 3953: 3950: 3948: 3945: 3943: 3940: 3938: 3935: 3933: 3930: 3928: 3925: 3923: 3920: 3918: 3915: 3913: 3910: 3908: 3905: 3903: 3900: 3898: 3895: 3893: 3890: 3888: 3885: 3883: 3880: 3878: 3875: 3874: 3872: 3870: 3864: 3858: 3857:Australia Act 3855: 3853: 3850: 3848: 3845: 3844: 3841: 3838: 3836: 3833: 3832: 3829: 3826: 3824: 3821: 3819: 3816: 3814: 3811: 3810: 3807: 3804: 3802: 3799: 3797: 3794: 3790: 3785: 3782: 3780: 3777: 3775: 3772: 3770: 3767: 3766: 3764: 3762: 3758: 3754: 3747: 3742: 3740: 3735: 3733: 3728: 3727: 3724: 3712: 3710: 3705: 3702: 3700: 3698: 3693: 3690: 3688: 3686: 3681: 3678: 3676: 3674: 3669: 3666: 3664: 3662: 3657: 3654: 3652: 3650: 3645: 3642: 3640: 3638: 3633: 3630: 3629: 3626: 3622: 3615: 3610: 3608: 3603: 3601: 3596: 3595: 3592: 3586: 3583: 3581: 3578: 3576: 3573: 3571: 3568: 3566: 3563: 3561: 3558: 3556: 3553: 3552: 3533: 3529: 3525: 3524: 3505: 3501: 3495: 3479: 3475: 3469: 3454: 3453: 3448: 3442: 3427: 3423: 3417: 3402:. 4 July 2024 3401: 3400: 3395: 3389: 3373: 3367: 3351: 3345: 3343: 3326: 3320: 3304: 3300: 3296: 3290: 3275: 3271: 3265: 3257: 3251: 3235: 3231: 3225: 3221: 3220: 3212: 3210: 3208: 3206: 3204: 3202: 3185: 3181: 3175: 3171: 3170: 3162: 3146: 3142: 3136: 3117: 3110: 3104: 3088: 3084: 3078: 3062: 3058: 3052: 3048: 3047: 3039: 3037: 3035: 3033: 3016: 3012: 3006: 3002: 3001: 2993: 2991: 2989: 2969: 2965: 2958: 2952: 2942: 2940: 2938: 2936: 2920: 2916: 2910: 2903: 2896: 2888: 2884: 2880: 2874: 2858: 2854: 2850: 2844: 2828: 2824: 2817: 2816: 2808: 2806: 2804: 2802: 2782: 2775: 2769: 2765: 2756: 2753: 2751: 2748: 2746: 2743: 2741: 2738: 2736: 2733: 2731: 2728: 2727: 2721: 2715: 2710: 2707: 2696: 2684: 2680: 2677: 2674: 2670: 2667: 2666: 2665: 2663: 2651: 2647: 2643: 2640: 2636: 2633: 2632: 2628: 2624: 2620: 2616: 2612: 2608: 2604: 2600: 2599: 2595: 2591: 2587: 2583: 2579: 2575: 2574:French Island 2572: 2571: 2570: 2568: 2563: 2553: 2551: 2547: 2537: 2535: 2531: 2527: 2523: 2519: 2515: 2511: 2507: 2503: 2499: 2495: 2482: 2478: 2474: 2471: 2467: 2464: 2463: 2462: 2460: 2451: 2449: 2443: 2441: 2436: 2434: 2430: 2426: 2422: 2412: 2410: 2406: 2402: 2393: 2391: 2387: 2380: 2377: 2374: 2370: 2367: 2365: 2362: 2360: 2357: 2354: 2350: 2347: 2345: 2342: 2340: 2337: 2336: 2335: 2332: 2329: 2325: 2321: 2317: 2313: 2309: 2305: 2296: 2288: 2279: 2276: 2274: 2273:election date 2270: 2266: 2261: 2259: 2254: 2251: 2243: 2241: 2236: 2232: 2230: 2219: 2217: 2212: 2210: 2205: 2201: 2197: 2193: 2188: 2185: 2181: 2171: 2169: 2166:Doctrines of 2164: 2162: 2158: 2154: 2149: 2147: 2143: 2137: 2133: 2130: 2126: 2118: 2114: 2110: 2105: 2093: 2090: 2087: 2084: 2081: 2078: 2075: 2074: 2073: 2071: 2067: 2053: 2050: 2048: 2045: 2043: 2040: 2038: 2035: 2033: 2030: 2028: 2025: 2023: 2020: 2018: 2015: 2013: 2010: 2008: 2004: 2001: 1998: 1995: 1992: 1990: 1987: 1984: 1982: 1979: 1976: 1974: 1970: 1967: 1964: 1962: 1959: 1957: 1954: 1952: 1949: 1947: 1944: 1942: 1939: 1937: 1934: 1932: 1929: 1927: 1924: 1922: 1918: 1915: 1912: 1910: 1907: 1905: 1902: 1899: 1896: 1894: 1892: 1890: 1886: 1883: 1880: 1878: 1875: 1873: 1871: 1868: 1865: 1862: 1859: 1857: 1853: 1850: 1847: 1845: 1843: 1841: 1838: 1836: 1834: 1831: 1829: 1827: 1824: 1820: 1817: 1814: 1812: 1809: 1807: 1804: 1802: 1799: 1797: 1794: 1792: 1788: 1785: 1782: 1780: 1778: 1776: 1774: 1772: 1770: 1768: 1765: 1763: 1759: 1756: 1753: 1751: 1749: 1747: 1744: 1742: 1740: 1738: 1736: 1734: 1730: 1727: 1724: 1722: 1719: 1716: 1713: 1711: 1709: 1707: 1704: 1702: 1698: 1695: 1692: 1690: 1687: 1684: 1681: 1678: 1675: 1672: 1669: 1667: 1663: 1660: 1657: 1655: 1653: 1651: 1649: 1647: 1645: 1642: 1640: 1638: 1634: 1631: 1628: 1626: 1624: 1622: 1620: 1618: 1615: 1613: 1611: 1609: 1606: 1602: 1599: 1596: 1594: 1592: 1590: 1587: 1585: 1583: 1581: 1579: 1577: 1574: 1570: 1566: 1564: 1561: 1559: 1556: 1554: 1551: 1549: 1546: 1544: 1541: 1539: 1536: 1534: 1531: 1529: 1526: 1523: 1522: 1519: 1511: 1509: 1505: 1502: 1498: 1494: 1490: 1485: 1483: 1479: 1475: 1471: 1465: 1463: 1459: 1455: 1451: 1447: 1443: 1439: 1435: 1431: 1427: 1423: 1419: 1415: 1411: 1407: 1403: 1399: 1395: 1391: 1386: 1384: 1383:Lachlan Shire 1380: 1376: 1372: 1371: 1366: 1362: 1358: 1354: 1350: 1346: 1342: 1339:", as in the 1338: 1337: 1332: 1328: 1324: 1320: 1314: 1312: 1308: 1304: 1300: 1296: 1292: 1288: 1280: 1276: 1272: 1265: 1260: 1253: 1249: 1244: 1236: 1227: 1225: 1221: 1217: 1213: 1209: 1205: 1201: 1197: 1193: 1187: 1185: 1181: 1177: 1176:board members 1173: 1169: 1165: 1161: 1157: 1153: 1149: 1145: 1141: 1136: 1134: 1130: 1126: 1125:United States 1122: 1118: 1114: 1110: 1106: 1102: 1098: 1094: 1090: 1086: 1082: 1078: 1074: 1063: 1058: 1056: 1051: 1049: 1044: 1043: 1041: 1040: 1033: 1030: 1028: 1025: 1023: 1020: 1018: 1015: 1013: 1010: 1008: 1005: 1003: 1000: 998: 995: 994: 991: 981: 980: 973: 970: 968: 965: 963: 962:Republicanism 960: 958: 955: 953: 950: 948: 945: 943: 940: 938: 935: 933: 930: 928: 925: 923: 920: 918: 915: 913: 910: 909: 906: 899: 898: 891: 888: 886: 883: 881: 878: 876: 873: 871: 870:United States 868: 866: 863: 861: 858: 857: 853: 850: 848: 845: 844: 840: 837: 836: 832: 829: 827: 824: 822: 819: 817: 814: 813: 809: 805: 802: 801: 797: 794: 791: 790: 787: 784: 783: 780: 773: 772: 765: 762: 760: 757: 755: 752: 750: 747: 745: 742: 740: 737: 735: 732: 730: 727: 726: 723: 716: 715: 708: 705: 703: 700: 699: 695: 692: 690: 687: 685: 682: 681: 678: 671: 670: 663: 660: 658: 655: 653: 650: 648: 645: 644: 640: 637: 635: 632: 630: 627: 625: 622: 621: 617: 614: 612: 609: 607: 604: 602: 599: 597: 594: 592: 589: 588: 585: 582: 581: 578: 571: 570: 563: 560: 558: 555: 554: 550: 547: 546: 543: 540: 539:Chief Justice 537: 536: 533: 532: 528: 527: 523: 520: 519: 516: 513: 512:Chief Justice 510: 509: 506: 505: 501: 500: 496: 493: 491: 488: 486: 483: 481: 478: 476: 473: 471: 468: 467: 464: 461: 460:Chief Justice 458: 457: 454: 453: 449: 448: 445: 438: 437: 430: 427: 426: 422: 419: 416: 415: 412: 411: 407: 406: 401: 398: 395: 394: 390: 387: 384: 383: 380: 379: 375: 374: 369: 366: 363: 362: 358: 355: 352: 351: 348: 347: 343: 342: 340: 338: 333: 326: 325: 321: 320: 317: 310: 309: 302: 299: 298: 295: 292: 289: 288: 285: 284: 280: 279: 274: 271: 270: 267: 266: 262: 261: 257: 254: 253: 250: 249: 245: 244: 241: 234: 233: 226: 223: 222: 219: 218: 214: 213: 210: 207: 206: 203: 202: 198: 197: 194: 187: 186: 183: 180: 179: 173: 169: 168: 165: 156: 155: 152: 147: 146: 137: 134: 126: 115: 112: 108: 105: 101: 98: 94: 91: 87: 84: â€“  83: 79: 78:Find sources: 72: 68: 62: 61: 56:This article 54: 50: 45: 44: 41: 37: 33: 19: 4803: 4665:Dependencies 4651:Cook Islands 4567: 4424:Faceless men 4404:Despatch box 4374:Bjelkemander 4191: 3989:By-elections 3981: 3847:Constitution 3840:Lower Courts 3761:Commonwealth 3706: 3694: 3682: 3670: 3658: 3646: 3634: 3620: 3536:. Retrieved 3509:14 September 3507:. Retrieved 3503: 3494: 3484:14 September 3482:. Retrieved 3477: 3468: 3458:14 September 3456:. Retrieved 3450: 3441: 3431:14 September 3429:. Retrieved 3425: 3416: 3406:14 September 3404:. Retrieved 3397: 3388: 3376:. Retrieved 3366: 3354:. Retrieved 3329:. Retrieved 3319: 3307:. Retrieved 3298: 3289: 3277:. Retrieved 3273: 3264: 3238:. Retrieved 3218: 3188:. Retrieved 3168: 3161: 3149:. Retrieved 3135: 3123:. Retrieved 3103: 3091:. Retrieved 3077: 3065:. Retrieved 3045: 3019:. Retrieved 2999: 2975:. Retrieved 2968:the original 2963: 2951: 2922:. Retrieved 2918: 2909: 2895: 2887:the original 2882: 2873: 2861:. Retrieved 2857:the original 2852: 2843: 2831:. Retrieved 2814: 2788:. Retrieved 2768: 2660: 2641:prone areas. 2588:, while the 2565: 2543: 2500:region, the 2491: 2457: 2444: 2437: 2418: 2403: 2399: 2383: 2333: 2316:jurisdiction 2301: 2277: 2262: 2255: 2252: 2249: 2237: 2233: 2225: 2213: 2189: 2177: 2165: 2150: 2138: 2134: 2122: 2063: 2051: 2046: 2041: 2036: 2031: 2026: 2021: 2016: 2011: 2006: 1999: 1965: 1960: 1955: 1950: 1945: 1940: 1935: 1930: 1925: 1920: 1913: 1881: 1848: 1815: 1783: 1754: 1725: 1693: 1658: 1629: 1597: 1517: 1486: 1466: 1442:amalgamation 1398:municipality 1387: 1368: 1365:natural area 1361:agricultural 1334: 1315: 1284: 1188: 1155: 1151: 1137: 1072: 1071: 922:Conservatism 808:in Australia 719: 702:State courts 634:By-elections 583: 529: 502: 450: 421:Peter Dutton 408: 376: 344: 329: 322: 281: 263: 246: 215: 199: 182:Constitution 148: 129: 120: 110: 103: 96: 89: 77: 65:Please help 60:verification 57: 40: 4809:New Zealand 4796:Australasia 4598:New Zealand 4474:Nationalism 4459:Langer vote 4409:Donkey vote 4361:terminology 4013:governments 3994:Referendums 3378:16 February 3356:30 December 3331:30 December 2635:Gabo Island 2146:transparent 1491:and nearby 1482:figureheads 1478:councillors 1351:; while an 1319:legislature 1180:councillors 1101:referendums 957:Nationalism 860:New Zealand 831:Visa policy 495:Beech-Jones 389:Milton Dick 315:Legislature 209:Charles III 160:Politics of 4922:Categories 4862:Micronesia 4832:East Timor 4484:Playmander 4359:Political 4349:Historical 4334:One Nation 4277:Political 4222:Queensland 4194:government 3835:High Court 3813:Parliament 3656:Queensland 3309:23 January 3179:0732929040 2977:27 October 2790:25 January 2761:References 2679:Kings Park 2431:, but the 2405:Queensland 2209:Federation 2129:Gold Coast 2117:Queensland 2113:Caboolture 1605:Aboriginal 1573:Aboriginal 1476:of fellow 1422:Queensland 1410:Aboriginal 1099:, and two 1087:under the 1077:government 1007:Queensland 967:Secularism 947:Monarchism 942:Liberalism 904:Ideologies 796:Penny Wong 410:Opposition 400:Tony Burke 368:Penny Wong 225:Sam Mostyn 93:newspapers 4890:Polynesia 4842:Indonesia 4824:Melanesia 4804:Australia 4568:Australia 4287:Coalition 4090:elections 3869:elections 3538:10 August 3521:Citations 3250:cite book 2946:Council". 2833:1 January 2522:Alyangula 2514:Nhulunbuy 2390:censusing 2328:community 2324:land uses 2312:executive 2184:Annotated 1921:Sub-total 1373:", as in 1164:postcodes 1081:Australia 972:Socialism 937:Hansonism 932:Far-right 917:Christian 912:Anarchism 821:Passports 576:Elections 443:Judiciary 357:Sue Lines 354:President 239:Executive 163:Australia 123:July 2011 4583:Kiribati 4489:Pub test 4369:Battlers 4295:National 4252:Victoria 4242:Tasmania 4182:Timeline 4170:Tas 2028 4165:NSW 2027 4160:Vic 2026 4145:Qld 2024 4140:ACT 2024 4128:Tas 2024 4123:NSW 2023 4118:Vic 2022 4103:Qld 2020 4098:ACT 2020 4001:Timeline 3877:Pre-1972 3867:Federal 3801:Ministry 3692:Victoria 3680:Tasmania 3303:Archived 3279:1 August 3234:Archived 3184:Archived 3145:Archived 3125:9 August 3116:Archived 3093:9 August 3087:Archived 3061:Archived 3015:Archived 2924:1 August 2827:Archived 2781:Archived 2690:See also 2639:bushfire 2594:planning 2567:Victoria 2556:Victoria 2409:Tasmania 2202:and the 2127:and the 2125:Brisbane 1701:Councils 1637:Boroughs 1576:councils 1501:Brisbane 1462:Tasmania 1430:Victoria 1402:district 1331:suburban 1299:Canberra 1281:council. 1200:Victoria 1129:counties 1085:autonomy 1022:Tasmania 1002:Victoria 291:Ministry 192:Monarchy 4734:Tokelau 4633:Vanuatu 4291:Liberal 4279:parties 4175:NT 2028 4155:SA 2026 4150:WA 2025 4133:NT 2024 4113:SA 2022 4108:WA 2021 3784:Cabinet 3769:Monarch 2863:24 June 2819:(Paper) 2516:on the 2508:within 2498:Top End 2492:In the 2326:at the 2306:and no 2222:Reforms 2174:History 2157:by-laws 1438:outback 1394:borough 1353:exurban 1323:council 1214:in the 1170:" and " 1168:borough 1150:as the 1140:council 1123:or the 490:Gleeson 485:Steward 480:Edelman 386:Speaker 301:Cabinet 201:Monarch 107:scholar 4709:Hawaii 4628:Tuvalu 4329:Lambie 4319:Katter 4314:Greens 4192:Local 3823:Senate 3240:1 July 3226:  3190:1 July 3176:  3151:1 July 3067:1 July 3053:  3021:1 July 3007:  2621:, and 2530:Yulara 2528:, and 2510:Darwin 2375:(list) 2355:(list) 2310:, and 1856:Shires 1826:cities 1666:Cities 1608:shires 1567:Total 1406:region 1293:. The 1133:cities 1121:Canada 875:Canada 475:Gordon 418:Leader 397:Leader 365:Leader 346:Senate 109:  102:  95:  88:  80:  4898:Tonga 4623:Tonga 4613:Samoa 4603:Palau 4593:Nauru 4324:Labor 3119:(PDF) 3112:(PDF) 2971:(PDF) 2960:(PDF) 2784:(PDF) 2777:(PDF) 2070:urban 2007:Total 1889:Towns 1823:Rural 1474:board 1370:shire 1357:rural 1327:urban 1184:mayor 1172:shire 890:India 885:China 470:Keane 402:(ALP) 391:(ALP) 370:(ALP) 359:(ALP) 275:(ALP) 258:(ALP) 114:JSTOR 100:books 4837:Fiji 4704:Guam 4656:Niue 4578:Fiji 4514:Worm 4266:list 4256:list 4246:list 4236:list 4226:list 4216:list 4206:list 3983:Next 3977:2022 3972:2019 3967:2016 3962:2013 3957:2010 3952:2007 3947:2004 3942:2001 3937:1998 3932:1996 3927:1993 3922:1990 3917:1987 3912:1984 3907:1983 3902:1980 3897:1977 3892:1975 3887:1974 3882:1972 3709:list 3697:list 3685:list 3673:list 3661:list 3649:list 3637:list 3540:2015 3511:2024 3486:2024 3460:2024 3433:2024 3408:2024 3380:2020 3358:2023 3333:2023 3311:2017 3281:2020 3256:link 3242:2013 3224:ISBN 3192:2013 3174:ISBN 3153:2013 3127:2014 3095:2014 3069:2013 3051:ISBN 3023:2013 3005:ISBN 2979:2015 2926:2020 2865:2013 2835:2017 2792:2014 2644:The 2580:and 2504:and 2475:The 2419:The 2407:and 2384:The 2371:and 2351:and 2322:and 2144:and 1456:and 1424:and 1404:", " 1400:", " 1396:", " 1392:", " 1390:town 1381:and 1347:and 1336:city 1131:and 1109:1988 1107:and 1105:1974 852:APEC 616:2007 611:2010 606:2013 601:2016 596:2019 591:2022 423:(LP) 86:news 4339:UAP 4073:ACT 4068:Tas 4053:Qld 4048:Vic 4043:NSW 2544:In 2532:in 2524:on 2111:in 2052:562 2027:141 2012:130 1966:540 1941:139 1926:128 1882:227 1869:104 1694:128 1563:ACT 1553:Tas 1538:Qld 1533:Vic 1528:NSW 1250:in 1222:in 1202:'s 1156:LGA 1154:or 1103:in 1079:in 847:G20 754:Tas 739:Qld 734:Vic 729:NSW 69:by 4924:: 4301:, 4297:, 4293:, 4078:NT 4063:SA 4058:WA 3530:. 3502:. 3476:. 3449:. 3424:. 3396:. 3341:^ 3301:. 3297:. 3272:. 3252:}} 3248:{{ 3232:. 3200:^ 3182:. 3114:. 3085:. 3059:. 3031:^ 3013:. 2987:^ 2962:. 2934:^ 2917:. 2881:. 2851:. 2825:. 2800:^ 2617:, 2613:, 2609:, 2605:, 2552:. 2536:. 2520:, 2512:, 2450:. 2392:. 2275:. 2263:A 2231:. 2163:. 2115:, 2042:24 2037:29 2032:71 2022:78 2017:88 2000:22 1956:17 1951:29 1946:70 1936:78 1931:79 1914:13 1866:28 1863:38 1860:55 1816:51 1800:29 1755:23 1745:23 1726:74 1717:23 1714:17 1705:32 1682:21 1679:27 1673:34 1670:30 1630:12 1616:12 1558:NT 1548:SA 1543:WA 1452:, 1385:. 1377:, 1343:, 1313:. 1226:. 1135:. 806:/ 759:NT 749:SA 744:WA 4773:e 4766:t 4759:v 4548:e 4541:t 4534:v 4305:) 4289:( 4268:) 4264:( 4258:) 4254:( 4248:) 4244:( 4238:) 4234:( 4228:) 4224:( 4218:) 4214:( 4208:) 4204:( 3791:) 3787:( 3745:e 3738:t 3731:v 3711:) 3707:( 3699:) 3695:( 3687:) 3683:( 3675:) 3671:( 3663:) 3659:( 3651:) 3647:( 3639:) 3635:( 3613:e 3606:t 3599:v 3542:. 3513:. 3488:. 3462:. 3435:. 3410:. 3382:. 3360:. 3335:. 3313:. 3283:. 3258:) 3244:. 3194:. 3155:. 3129:. 3097:. 3071:. 3025:. 2981:. 2928:. 2867:. 2837:. 2794:. 2685:. 2675:. 2119:. 2047:1 1996:1 1993:7 1988:1 1985:2 1980:9 1977:2 1961:0 1908:2 1903:2 1900:8 1897:1 1876:2 1849:7 1839:1 1832:6 1810:9 1805:4 1795:9 1784:2 1766:2 1720:2 1688:2 1685:6 1676:8 1659:1 1643:1 1598:2 1588:2 1363:/ 1355:/ 1329:/ 1254:. 1061:e 1054:t 1047:v 136:) 130:( 125:) 121:( 111:· 104:· 97:· 90:· 63:. 38:. 20:)

Index

Local Government Areas in Australia
Australian Government
States and territories of Australia

verification
improve this article
adding citations to reliable sources
"Local government in Australia"
news
newspapers
books
scholar
JSTOR
Learn how and when to remove this message
Politics of
Australia


Constitution
Monarchy
Monarch
Charles III
Governor-General
Sam Mostyn
Executive
Prime Minister
Anthony Albanese
Deputy Prime Minister
Richard Marles
Federal Executive Council
Ministry
Albanese ministry

Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.

↑