179:. This was because Vojislav previously denounced the emperor's authority by stealing gold and attacking lands under Byzantine allies. In 1043, Michael, or Curcilius and Ljutovid, led the army of the allied forces against Duklja but they were disastrously ambushed in the
261:." Ljutovid's claim to be strategos not only of Zahumlje, but all Serbia suggests that he had been courted by the emperor, and awarded nominal rights neighbouring lands, including Duklja, which was at the time at war with the empire. Moreover, if we can trust the
277:
of
Zahumlje (Chelmana), Ljutovid, received Byzantine ambassadors offering piles of imperial silver and gold to support imperial efforts against the ruler of neighbouring Duklja, Stefan Vojislav. The use of Latin
186:
There exist several documents (possibly forged, but recent research approves their authenticity),) one with two variants dated 1039 and 1151, and a third consisting of a transcript by duke
126:
and
Zahumlje" in July 1039, and claimed supremacy in military ranks not only in his local domain but also to the entirety of Serbia. This title was probably given to him by Emperor
638:
Stojkovski, Boris (2021). "Byzantine military campaigns against
Serbian lands and Hungary in the second half of the eleventh century". In Theotokis, Georgios; Meško, Marek (eds.).
183:
mountains (possibly Klobuk hill), with
Ljutovid having a duel with Vojislav's son Gojislav. Vojislav went on to pursue and annex the lands of Zahumlje, Travunia and Dyrrhachium.
514:
When
Ethnicity Did Not Matter in the Balkans: A Study of Identity in Pre-Nationalist Croatia, Dalmatia, and Slavonia in the Medieval and Early-Modern Periods
265:, our only narrative source, we must conclude that none of the Serbian lands was under direct Byzantine control in 1042. In that year, we are told, the
148:
759:
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769:
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600:
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passed to the local aristocracy. In a charter issued July 1039 the Slavic ruler of
Zahumlje styled himself "Ljutovit,
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649:
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522:
323:
143:
210:
declared that no one, neither
Ragusan, nor citizen of Ston, neither Latin, nor Slav, could impede the donation.
680:
254:
123:
774:
290:, to describe Ljutovid, supports the notion that he held the supreme authority among the Serbs at the time."
187:
161:
131:
127:
108:
As the local Slavic ruler of
Zahumlje, and recipient of Byzantine ranks and titles, he was styled as "
779:
68:
590:
94:
313:
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101:
along the coast. Ljutovid flourished in the middle of the 11th century as a vassal of the
8:
699:
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and instructed
Ljutovid of Zahumlje to do the same in order to support the overthrow of
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130:, who might have also granted him nominal right over neighbouring lands, including
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Byzantium's Balkan
Frontier: A Political Study of the Northern Balkans, 900–1204
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protospatarius epi to chrusotriclinio, ypatus et strategos Servie et Zachlumie
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167:
714:
542:
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85:
56:
28:
315:
Fifty Years of Prosopography: The Later Roman Empire, Byzantium and Beyond
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to gather a big army, and sent piles of imperial gold and silver to the
380:, ch. 38: "iupano Rassae et bano Bosnae et principi regionis Chelmanae"
676:
249:
194:" is confirmed. According to them, Ljutovid awarded the monastery on
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80:
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of Serbia existed briefly, it was swiftly abandoned and the title
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359:
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89:. The region of Zahumlje included parts of present-day western
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644:. Routledge/Taylor & Francis Group. pp. 145–159.
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398:
571:
Early Medieval Hum and Bosnia, ca. 450-1200: Beyond Myths
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231:
Stephenson 2003, pp. 42-43: "if the idea of developing a
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137:Depending on different narratives by 11th century
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549:Southeastern Europe in the Middle Ages, 500–1250
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595:. Cambridge University Press. pp. 42–43.
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517:. University of Michigan Press. p. 90.
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588:
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444:
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553:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
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318:. Oxford University Press. p. 150.
418:Naselja bosanske srednjevjekovne države
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742:
501:
592:The legend of Basil the Bulgar-slayer
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483:
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206:(modern Croatia). According to it,
147:, in 1042, the new emperor ordered
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641:War in Eleventh-Century Byzantium
378:Chronicle of the Priest of Duklja
263:Chronicle of the Priest of Duklja
144:Chronicle of the Priest of Duklja
410:
623:. Cambridge University Press.
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305:
72:
1:
760:11th-century Byzantine people
755:11th-century Serbian nobility
213:
770:11th-century Croatian people
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75:) was an independent local
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617:Stephenson, Paul (2004) .
535:
765:Medieval Bosnian nobility
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712:
706:
692:
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666:
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589:Stephenson, Paul (2003).
244:epi tou Chrysotriklinou,
190:. In them, his title as "
113:epi tou Chrysotriklinou,
52:
36:
26:
21:
750:11th-century South Slavs
574:. Taylor & Francis.
511:Fine, John V.A. (2010).
312:Cameron, Averil (2003).
568:Dzino, Danijel (2023).
79:chieftain and ruler of
95:Bosnia and Herzegovina
273:of Raška, and Slavic
141:and the 14th century
775:Medieval Herzegovina
709:Constantine Diogenes
670:Constantine Diogenes
353:, pp. 129, 134.
208:Protospatar Ljutovit
498:, pp. 173–175.
420:, Svjetlost, 1957.
407:, pp. 172–173.
392:, pp. 133–134.
368:, pp. 148–149.
720:(Byzantine Empire)
686:(Byzantine Empire)
662:Political offices
738:
737:
731:
727:Succeeded by
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697:
693:Succeeded by
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630:978-0-521-77017-0
602:978-0-521-81530-7
560:978-0-521-81539-0
202:on the island of
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792:
780:Byzantine Serbia
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707:Preceded by
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667:Preceded by
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151:the governor of
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83:with a title of
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69:Serbian Cyrillic
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16:Knez of Zahumlje
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366:Stojkovski 2021
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242:protospatharios
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173:Stefan Vojislav
111:protospatharios
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282:, rather than
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97:and southern
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683:and Zahumlje
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606:. Retrieved
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733:Petrislav I
700:Petrislav I
269:of Bosnia,
153:Dyrrhachium
91:Herzegovina
31:of Zahumlje
744:Categories
496:Dzino 2023
484:Dzino 2023
469:Curta 2006
405:Dzino 2023
339:Dzino 2023
214:References
165:(Serbia),
128:Michael IV
724:fl. 1042
690:fl. 1039
677:strategos
250:strategos
237:strategos
181:Triballos
119:strategos
57:Christian
48:1039–1034
545:(2006).
280:princeps
275:princeps
259:Zahumlje
81:Zahumlje
65:Ljutovid
53:Religion
22:Ljutovid
785:Hypatoi
536:Sources
284:iupanus
246:hypatos
149:Michael
115:hypatos
99:Croatia
73:Љутовид
42:floruit
717:of Hum
715:Prince
681:Serbia
648:
627:
599:
578:
557:
521:
322:
255:Serbia
196:Lokrum
177:Duklja
162:Rascia
132:Serbia
124:Serbia
77:Slavic
730:Župan
696:Župan
608:8 May
288:banus
271:župan
233:thema
204:Mljet
198:with
158:Župan
37:Reign
646:ISBN
625:ISBN
610:2011
597:ISBN
576:ISBN
555:ISBN
519:ISBN
320:ISBN
257:and
188:Desa
86:knez
29:Knez
679:of
286:or
267:ban
253:of
175:of
160:of
122:of
105:.
93:in
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503:^
476:^
397:^
358:^
248:,
222:^
134:.
117:,
71::
46:c.
654:.
633:.
612:.
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563:.
527:.
328:.
67:(
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