132:
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ranging from 100 GHz to 3 THz, as these frequencies are relatively unused and would allow for exploration of new frequency bands. The methods of deployment of cellular networks is undetermined. An option is to install a 6G tower at every building. The second option would involve integrating the functions of a 6G tower into devices like smartphones, allowing these devices to create their own cell for other users. The commercial release date is estimated to be 2028~2030.
4696:
3623:
1070:) and used TDMA with three time slots in each 30 kHz channel, supporting 3 digitally compressed calls in the same spectrum as a single analog call in the previous AMPS standard. This was later changed to 6 half rate time slots for more compressed calls. It was once prevalent throughout the Americas, particularly in the United States and Canada since the first commercial network was deployed in 1993 on AT&T and Rogers Wireless Networks.
35:
4706:
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1196:(IS-95) set of standards and used especially in North America and South Korea, China, Japan, Australia and New Zealand. It was standardized in the international 3GPP2 standards body, The name CDMA2000 denotes a family of standards that represent the successive, evolutionary stages of the underlying technology. These are:
1044:(Short Message Service) plain text-based messages. 2G technologies enable the various mobile phone networks to provide the services such as text messages, picture messages and MMS (Multimedia Message Service). It has 3 main services: Bearer services is one of them which is also known as data services and communication.
1080:
using Code
Division Multiple Access and later adopted as a standard by the Telecommunications Industry Association in TIA/EIA/IS-95 release published in 1995. It was marketed as CDMAOne and deployed globally including China Unicom in 2002 and Verizon in the United States, competing directly with GSM
1500:
6G has been in development since 2017, and multiple specifications are being proposed. However, none of them have achieved universal acceptance. Competitors include Xiaomi and Nokia. 6G is expected to offer faster speeds than 5G but with a shorter range. The IEEE recommends the use of frequencies
1011:. The main difference between these two mobile telephone generations is that in 1G systems the audio was encoded as analog radio signals (though call set-up and other network communications were digital), while 2G networks were entirely digital.
1463:
feels that 5G needs to be rolled out in 2021-2023 to meet business and consumer demands. In addition to simply providing faster speeds, they predict that 5G networks will also need to meet the needs of new use-cases such as the
1219:
systems were introduced in 1981/1982. Each generation is characterized by new frequency bands, higher data rates and non–backward-compatible transmission technology. The first 3G networks were introduced in 1998.
1108:
denotes 2G-systems that have implemented a packet-switched domain in addition to the circuit-switched domain. It does not necessarily provide faster service because bundling of timeslots is used for
1036:
2G (or 2-G) provides three primary benefits over their predecessors: phone conversations are digitally encrypted; 2G systems are significantly more efficient on the spectrum allowing for far greater
1192:
is a family of 3G mobile technology standards for sending voice, data, and signaling data between mobile phones and cell sites. It is a backwards-compatible successor to second-generation
3584:
1186:
in laptop computers. This ensures it can be applied to wireless voice telephony, mobile
Internet access, fixed wireless Internet access, video calls and mobile TV technologies.
1475:(5G NR). It will be deployed in two ways, Mobile and Fixed Wireless. The specification is subdivided into two frequency bands, FR1 (<6 GHz) and FR2 (mmWave) respectively.
299:
52:
1836:
1676:
Rappaport, Theodore S.; Xing, Yunchou; Kanhere, Ojas; Ju, Shihao; Madanayake, Arjuna; Mandal, Soumyajit; Alkhateeb, Ahmed; Trichopoulos, Georgios C. (2019).
3960:
1772:
1365:. It was first commercially deployed in Norway and Stockholm in 2009 and in the United States by Verizon in 2011 in their newly acquired 700 MHz band.
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99:
17:
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85:
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4G provides, in addition to the usual voice and other services of 3G, mobile broadband
Internet access, for example to laptops with
1765:
67:
2754:
1275:, or HSPA+, or HSPA(Plus), or HSPAP is a technical standard for wireless broadband telecommunication. It is the second phase of
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2091:
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205:
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1988:
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1004:
telecommunication standards that were introduced in 1979 and the early to mid-1980s and continued until being replaced by
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2179:
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1821:
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1066:
The North
American Standards IS-54 and IS-136 were also second-generation (2G) mobile phone systems, known as (
56:
1438:
Data rates of several tens of megabits per second (Mbit/s) should be supported for tens of thousands of users.
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3423:
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3128:
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2007:
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578:
201:
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4206:
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3120:
3032:
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2047:
1444:
Several hundreds of thousands of simultaneous connections to be supported for massive sensor deployments.
1678:"Wireless Communications and Applications Above 100 GHz: Opportunities and Challenges for 6G and Beyond"
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1911:
1338:
777:
227:
45:
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963:
169:
1434:
NGMN Alliance or Next
Generation Mobile Networks Alliance define 5G network requirements as:
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1978:
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1468:(IoT) as well as broadcast-like services and lifeline communications in times of disaster.
8:
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3310:
3158:
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2620:
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1215:
A new generation of cellular standards has appeared approximately every tenth year since
1717:
1441:
1 Gbit/s to be offered, simultaneously to tens of workers on the same office floor.
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4001:
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4111:
4096:
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4006:
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3715:
3700:
3511:
3456:
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3288:
3198:
3133:
3005:
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2788:
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2409:
1851:
1781:
1689:
1572:
1394:
1171:
1109:
997:
275:
245:
135:
1312:, and to other mobile devices. Potential and current applications include amended
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3340:
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Second generation 2G cellular telecom networks were commercially launched on the
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2113:
1802:
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1305:
1076:
was the first ever CDMA-based digital cellular technology. It was developed by
255:
1040:
penetration levels; and 2G introduced data services for mobile, starting with
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1001:
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and its evolution with
Advanced new releases, it has become synonymous with
1238:
telephony and data technologies designed to provide better performance than
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4016:
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2016:
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2328:
1569:"The race to 5G: Inside the fight for the future of mobile as we know it"
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originally not considered 4G, only after a revision of 4G specification
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2107:
1423:
5G is a major phase of mobile telecommunications standards beyond the
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3871:
3638:
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2852:
1472:
1324:
1060:
978:
1471:
3GPP has set an early revision, non-standalone release of 5G called
1447:
Spectral efficiency should be significantly enhanced compared to 4G.
1158:
3G technology provides an information transfer rate of at least 144
34:
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4318:
4141:
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3138:
2815:
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2224:
2191:
2066:
1997:
1931:
1926:
1846:
1746:
What are the differences between 2G, 3G, 4G LTE, and 5G networks?
1406:
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2426:
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2323:
2129:
1921:
1358:
1288:
1267:
1167:
1125:
1113:
1073:
921:
1345:, but it did not initially meet the technical criteria of a
1116:) as well. Also called General Packet Radio Service or GPRS
4538:
2835:
2657:
2355:
2169:
2037:
1964:
1399:
1374:
1350:
1321:
1242:
systems, as an interim step towards the deployment of full
1229:
1175:
1163:
1141:
1105:
1094:
1718:"China sends 'world's first 6G' test satellite into orbit"
1641:"5G NR Only 25% to 50% Faster, Not Truly a New Generation"
3546:
2971:
2077:
2052:
1973:
1960:
1936:
1048:
1041:
502:
1456:
Latency should be significantly reduced compared to LTE.
968:
0G systems did not use cellular systems. Referred to as
2944:
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2929:
2912:
2907:
2896:
2455:
2378:
2148:
1950:
1871:
1535:
1495:
1424:
1418:
1384:
1380:
1362:
1346:
1299:
1243:
1239:
1216:
1153:
1031:
1005:
991:
916:
265:
251:
233:
215:
197:
174:
1675:
1383:
systems, as a process step towards deployment of full
314:
list of generations of wireless network technologies
59:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
4732:
1780:
1341:(Long Term Evolution) is commonly marketed as
996:1G or (1-G) refers to the first generation of
3654:
2748:
1766:
293:
4669:Global telecommunications regulation bodies
4705:
3661:
3647:
2755:
2741:
1773:
1759:
949:latest and optimal iteration of technology
300:
286:
1693:
119:Learn how and when to remove this message
1461:Next Generation Mobile Networks Alliance
130:
493:
437:
68:"List of wireless network technologies"
14:
4733:
3668:
2643:Multimedia Broadcast Multicast Service
1625:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
1379:4.5G provides better performance than
1349:wireless service, as specified in the
3642:
2736:
1754:
1357:. Given the competitive pressures of
1246:capability. The technology includes:
1132:Enhanced Data rates for GSM Evolution
373:Maximum range (distance from antenna)
4715:
2601:Spectral efficiency comparison table
1511:Comparison of mobile phone standards
1353:Release 8 and 9 document series for
57:adding citations to reliable sources
28:
4741:Mobile telecommunications standards
1162:. Later 3G releases, often denoted
24:
3585:USA use restrictions while driving
3560:Legality of recording by civilians
1200:Voice: CDMA2000 1xRTT, 1X Advanced
1140:networks with the introduction of
25:
4752:
2762:
1739:
1251:High-Speed Downlink Packet Access
1081:services offered by AT&T and
138:standards and generation timeline
4714:
4704:
4695:
4694:
4683:
4304:Free-space optical communication
3622:
3621:
3610:
3598:
2717:
2706:
1792:List of mobile phone generations
1545:. April 20, 2004. Archived from
1516:
1273:Evolved High Speed Packet Access
1234:3.5G is a grouping of disparate
33:
18:List of mobile phone generations
1453:Signalling efficiency enhanced.
44:needs additional citations for
1710:
1669:
1651:
1633:
1587:
1561:
13:
1:
1528:
155:Wireless network technologies
4690:Telecommunication portal
4471:Telecommunications equipment
3605:Telecommunication portal
2713:Telecommunication portal
1450:Coverage should be improved.
1101:General Packet Radio Service
383:
322:
7:
4207:Alexander Stepanovich Popov
1695:10.1109/ACCESS.2019.2921522
1504:
10:
4757:
3911:Telecommunications history
3527:Phantom vibration syndrome
3522:Mental health from overuse
2210:CDMA2000 1xEV-DO Release 0
1493:
1482:
1416:
1372:
1297:
1286:
1265:
1227:
1151:
1129:
1123:
1098:
1092:
1029:
1018:
1009:digital telecommunications
1000:technology. These are the
989:
961:
324:Comparison of generations
4678:
4620:
4557:
4519:Public Switched Telephone
4479:
4443:
4400:
4341:
4331:telecommunication circuit
4292:Fiber-optic communication
4275:
4037:Francis Blake (telephone)
3984:
3832:Optical telecommunication
3676:
3593:
3545:
3492:
3422:
3331:
3274:
3241:
3228:
3206:Open-source mobile phones
3167:
3119:
3069:
3058:
2957:
2876:
2784:
2770:
2703:
2525:
2505:
2469:
2454:
2419:
2392:
2377:
2354:
2313:
2284:
2234:
2223:
2202:
2162:
2147:
2122:
2100:
2092:EDGE/EGPRS - Evolved EDGE
2076:
2065:
2025:
2017:D-AMPS (IS-54 and IS-136)
2006:
1987:
1959:
1949:
1904:
1880:
1870:
1798:
1789:
1659:"5G | ShareTechnote"
1390:The technology includes:
1136:GPRS networks evolved to
844:
773:
727:
627:
498:
318:mobile telecommunications
276:Mobile telecommunications
4430:Orbital angular-momentum
3867:Satellite communications
3706:Communications satellite
1478:
1282:
1277:High Speed Packet Access
1261:
1205:Evolution-Data Optimized
1203:Data: CDMA2000 1xEV-DO (
1119:
4309:Molecular communication
4132:Gardiner Greene Hubbard
3961:Undersea telegraph line
3696:Cable protection system
3570:Photography and the law
3565:Mobile phones in prison
2548:Comparison of standards
2187:UTRA-TDD LCR / TD-SCDMA
1368:
1223:
1088:
1014:
438:analog & digital ↓
4451:Communication protocol
4237:Charles Sumner Tainter
4052:Walter Houser Brattain
3997:Edwin Howard Armstrong
3805:Information revolution
2553:Channel access methods
2192:UTRA-TDD HCR / TD-CDMA
1543:"Radiolinja's History"
1327:, video conferencing,
1209:Ultra Mobile Broadband
964:Mobile radio telephone
139:
4425:Polarization-division
4157:Narinder Singh Kapany
4122:Erna Schneider Hoover
4042:Jagadish Chandra Bose
4022:Alexander Graham Bell
3753:online video platform
3617:Telephones portal
3580:Texting while driving
3517:External power supply
3216:Windows Phone devices
2724:Telephones portal
1832:MTA - MTB - MTC - MTD
1663:www.sharetechnote.com
1523:Telephones portal
1489:
1412:
1293:
1147:
1025:
985:
957:
134:
4267:Vladimir K. Zworykin
4227:Almon Brown Strowger
4197:Charles Grafton Page
3852:Prepaid mobile phone
3780:Electrical telegraph
3532:Radiation and health
2848:Standards comparison
2341:iBurst (IEEE 802.20)
2114:CDMA2000 1X Advanced
1405:4.5G is marketed by
53:improve this article
4217:Johann Philipp Reis
3976:Wireless revolution
3938:The Telephone Cases
3795:Hydraulic telegraph
2227:(3.5G, 3.75G, 3.9G)
2069:(2.5G, 2.75G, 2.9G)
1837:Mobile TeleSeratout
1607:on February 5, 2016
1575:. December 15, 2014
1549:on October 23, 2006
1320:, gaming services,
325:
4415:Frequency-division
4392:Telephone exchange
4262:Charles Wheatstone
4192:Jun-ichi Nishizawa
4167:Innocenzo Manzetti
4102:Reginald Fessenden
3837:Optical telegraphy
3670:Telecommunications
2715:
2301:(TIA/EIA/IS-856-B)
2295:(TIA/EIA/IS-856-A)
2293:1xEV-DO Revision A
1466:Internet of things
1174:access of several
848:LTE+/LTE Advanced
803:(Mobile) WiMAX **
753:(Mobile) WiMAX **
323:
140:
4728:
4727:
4466:Store and forward
4461:Data transmission
4375:Network switching
4326:Transmission line
4172:Guglielmo Marconi
4137:Internet pioneers
4002:Mohamed M. Atalla
3971:Whistled language
3636:
3635:
3575:Telephone tapping
3418:
3417:
3366:Instant messaging
3224:
3223:
2953:
2952:
2730:
2729:
2533:Cellular networks
2521:
2520:
2450:
2449:
2373:
2372:
2219:
2218:
2175:UTRA-FDD / W-CDMA
2143:
2142:
2110:(TIA/EIA/IS-2000)
2061:
2060:
1945:
1944:
944:
943:
895:LTE Advanced Pro
446:NMT, AMPS, TACS…
310:
309:
129:
128:
121:
103:
16:(Redirected from
4748:
4718:
4717:
4708:
4707:
4698:
4697:
4688:
4687:
4686:
4559:Notable networks
4549:Wireless network
4489:Cellular network
4481:Types of network
4456:Computer network
4343:Network topology
4257:Thomas A. Watson
4112:Oliver Heaviside
4097:Philo Farnsworth
4072:Daniel Davis Jr.
4047:Charles Bourseul
4007:John Logie Baird
3716:Data compression
3711:Computer network
3663:
3656:
3649:
3640:
3639:
3625:
3624:
3615:
3614:
3613:
3603:
3602:
3601:
3512:Electronic waste
3502:BlackBerry thumb
3452:Japanese culture
3239:
3238:
3199:iOS jailbreaking
3067:
3066:
2989:Operating system
2804:Network operator
2789:Channel capacity
2782:
2781:
2757:
2750:
2743:
2734:
2733:
2722:
2721:
2720:
2711:
2710:
2709:
2638:Mobile broadband
2538:Mobile telephony
2526:Related articles
2467:
2466:
2410:LTE Advanced Pro
2390:
2389:
2305:EV-DO Revision C
2299:EV-DO Revision B
2232:
2231:
2160:
2159:
2074:
2073:
1957:
1956:
1878:
1877:
1803:radio telephones
1782:Cellular network
1775:
1768:
1761:
1752:
1751:
1733:
1732:
1730:
1728:
1714:
1708:
1707:
1697:
1673:
1667:
1666:
1655:
1649:
1648:
1645:wirelessone.news
1637:
1631:
1630:
1624:
1616:
1614:
1612:
1606:
1600:. Archived from
1599:
1591:
1585:
1584:
1582:
1580:
1573:techrepublic.com
1565:
1559:
1558:
1556:
1554:
1539:
1521:
1520:
1519:
1395:LTE Advanced Pro
1172:mobile broadband
1110:circuit-switched
998:cellular network
337:maximum download
326:
302:
295:
288:
142:
141:
136:Cellular network
124:
117:
113:
110:
104:
102:
61:
37:
29:
21:
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4729:
4724:
4684:
4682:
4674:
4616:
4553:
4475:
4439:
4396:
4345:
4337:
4278:
4271:
4177:Robert Metcalfe
4032:Tim Berners-Lee
3980:
3800:Information Age
3672:
3667:
3637:
3632:
3611:
3609:
3599:
3597:
3589:
3541:
3494:
3488:
3414:
3327:
3270:
3266:Cloud computing
3232:
3230:
3220:
3211:Symbian devices
3177:Android devices
3163:
3115:
3106:Satellite phone
3101:Projector phone
3061:
3054:
2959:
2949:
2872:
2777:
2773:
2766:
2761:
2731:
2726:
2718:
2716:
2707:
2705:
2699:
2606:Frequency bands
2517:
2501:
2459:
2446:
2415:
2382:
2369:
2350:
2309:
2280:
2226:
2225:3G transitional
2215:
2198:
2152:
2139:
2118:
2096:
2068:
2067:2G transitional
2057:
2021:
2002:
1998:cdmaOne (IS-95)
1983:
1941:
1900:
1866:
1794:
1785:
1779:
1742:
1737:
1736:
1726:
1724:
1716:
1715:
1711:
1688:: 78729–78757.
1674:
1670:
1657:
1656:
1652:
1639:
1638:
1634:
1618:
1617:
1610:
1608:
1604:
1597:
1595:"Archived copy"
1593:
1592:
1588:
1578:
1576:
1567:
1566:
1562:
1552:
1550:
1541:
1540:
1536:
1531:
1517:
1515:
1507:
1498:
1492:
1487:
1481:
1421:
1415:
1377:
1371:
1333:cloud computing
1322:high-definition
1306:wireless modems
1302:
1296:
1291:
1285:
1270:
1264:
1232:
1226:
1170:, also provide
1156:
1150:
1134:
1128:
1122:
1112:data services (
1103:
1097:
1091:
1034:
1028:
1023:
1017:
994:
988:
974:zero generation
966:
960:
950:
380:implementation
379:
377:
369:
364:
359:
357:
352:
350:
345:
343:
338:
336:
306:
270:
184:
125:
114:
108:
105:
62:
60:
50:
38:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4754:
4744:
4743:
4726:
4725:
4723:
4722:
4712:
4702:
4692:
4679:
4676:
4675:
4673:
4672:
4665:
4660:
4655:
4650:
4645:
4644:
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4638:
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4624:
4622:
4618:
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4609:
4604:
4599:
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4584:
4579:
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4569:
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4506:
4501:
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4483:
4477:
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4473:
4468:
4463:
4458:
4453:
4447:
4445:
4441:
4440:
4438:
4437:
4432:
4427:
4422:
4417:
4412:
4410:Space-division
4406:
4404:
4398:
4397:
4395:
4394:
4389:
4388:
4387:
4382:
4372:
4371:
4370:
4360:
4355:
4349:
4347:
4339:
4338:
4336:
4335:
4334:
4333:
4323:
4322:
4321:
4311:
4306:
4301:
4300:
4299:
4289:
4283:
4281:
4273:
4272:
4270:
4269:
4264:
4259:
4254:
4249:
4247:Camille Tissot
4244:
4239:
4234:
4229:
4224:
4222:Claude Shannon
4219:
4214:
4212:Tivadar Puskás
4209:
4204:
4199:
4194:
4189:
4184:
4182:Antonio Meucci
4179:
4174:
4169:
4164:
4159:
4154:
4152:Charles K. Kao
4149:
4144:
4139:
4134:
4129:
4127:Harold Hopkins
4124:
4119:
4114:
4109:
4104:
4099:
4094:
4089:
4084:
4079:
4074:
4069:
4064:
4059:
4054:
4049:
4044:
4039:
4034:
4029:
4027:Emile Berliner
4024:
4019:
4014:
4009:
4004:
3999:
3994:
3988:
3986:
3982:
3981:
3979:
3978:
3973:
3968:
3966:Videotelephony
3963:
3958:
3957:
3956:
3951:
3941:
3934:
3929:
3923:
3918:
3913:
3908:
3903:
3902:
3901:
3896:
3891:
3881:
3880:
3879:
3869:
3864:
3862:Radiotelephone
3859:
3854:
3849:
3844:
3839:
3834:
3829:
3828:
3827:
3817:
3812:
3807:
3802:
3797:
3792:
3787:
3782:
3777:
3772:
3767:
3766:
3765:
3760:
3755:
3750:
3748:Internet video
3740:
3739:
3738:
3733:
3728:
3723:
3713:
3708:
3703:
3698:
3693:
3688:
3682:
3680:
3674:
3673:
3666:
3665:
3658:
3651:
3643:
3634:
3633:
3631:
3630:
3619:
3607:
3594:
3591:
3590:
3588:
3587:
3582:
3577:
3572:
3567:
3562:
3557:
3551:
3549:
3543:
3542:
3540:
3539:
3534:
3529:
3524:
3519:
3514:
3509:
3507:Driving safety
3504:
3498:
3496:
3490:
3489:
3487:
3486:
3481:
3476:
3471:
3470:
3469:
3459:
3454:
3449:
3444:
3439:
3434:
3428:
3426:
3420:
3419:
3416:
3415:
3413:
3412:
3407:
3406:
3405:
3395:
3394:
3393:
3383:
3378:
3373:
3368:
3363:
3358:
3353:
3348:
3343:
3337:
3335:
3329:
3328:
3326:
3325:
3320:
3319:
3318:
3313:
3303:
3302:
3301:
3296:
3286:
3280:
3278:
3272:
3271:
3269:
3268:
3263:
3258:
3253:
3247:
3245:
3236:
3226:
3225:
3222:
3221:
3219:
3218:
3213:
3208:
3203:
3202:
3201:
3191:
3186:
3185:
3184:
3173:
3171:
3165:
3164:
3162:
3161:
3156:
3151:
3146:
3141:
3136:
3131:
3125:
3123:
3117:
3116:
3114:
3113:
3108:
3103:
3098:
3093:
3088:
3083:
3078:
3070:
3064:
3056:
3055:
3053:
3052:
3047:
3042:
3037:
3036:
3035:
3030:
3025:
3018:Text messaging
3015:
3014:
3013:
3003:
3002:
3001:
2991:
2986:
2981:
2980:
2979:
2969:
2963:
2961:
2955:
2954:
2951:
2950:
2948:
2947:
2942:
2937:
2932:
2927:
2922:
2921:
2920:
2910:
2905:
2899:
2894:
2889:
2882:
2880:
2874:
2873:
2871:
2870:
2865:
2860:
2855:
2850:
2845:
2844:
2843:
2838:
2833:
2823:
2818:
2813:
2812:
2811:
2801:
2796:
2791:
2785:
2779:
2768:
2767:
2760:
2759:
2752:
2745:
2737:
2728:
2727:
2704:
2701:
2700:
2698:
2697:
2692:
2691:
2690:
2685:
2680:
2675:
2670:
2660:
2655:
2650:
2645:
2640:
2635:
2634:
2633:
2628:
2623:
2618:
2613:
2603:
2598:
2597:
2596:
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2589:
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2567:
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2529:
2527:
2523:
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2519:
2518:
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2515:
2509:
2507:
2503:
2502:
2500:
2499:
2494:
2489:
2484:
2479:
2473:
2471:
2464:
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2451:
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2445:
2444:
2443:
2442:
2437:
2423:
2421:
2417:
2416:
2414:
2413:
2407:
2396:
2394:
2387:
2375:
2374:
2371:
2370:
2368:
2367:
2361:
2359:
2352:
2351:
2349:
2348:
2343:
2338:
2333:
2332:
2331:
2320:
2318:
2311:
2310:
2308:
2307:
2302:
2296:
2288:
2286:
2282:
2281:
2279:
2278:
2268:
2267:
2266:
2256:
2255:
2254:
2249:
2238:
2236:
2229:
2221:
2220:
2217:
2216:
2214:
2213:
2206:
2204:
2200:
2199:
2197:
2196:
2195:
2194:
2189:
2184:
2183:
2182:
2166:
2164:
2157:
2145:
2144:
2141:
2140:
2138:
2137:
2132:
2126:
2124:
2120:
2119:
2117:
2116:
2111:
2104:
2102:
2098:
2097:
2095:
2094:
2089:
2083:
2081:
2071:
2063:
2062:
2059:
2058:
2056:
2055:
2050:
2045:
2040:
2035:
2029:
2027:
2023:
2022:
2020:
2019:
2013:
2011:
2004:
2003:
2001:
2000:
1994:
1992:
1985:
1984:
1982:
1981:
1976:
1970:
1968:
1954:
1947:
1946:
1943:
1942:
1940:
1939:
1934:
1929:
1924:
1919:
1914:
1908:
1906:
1902:
1901:
1899:
1898:
1893:
1887:
1885:
1875:
1868:
1867:
1865:
1864:
1859:
1854:
1849:
1847:Autotel (PALM)
1844:
1839:
1834:
1829:
1824:
1819:
1814:
1808:
1806:
1796:
1795:
1790:
1787:
1786:
1778:
1777:
1770:
1763:
1755:
1749:
1748:
1741:
1740:External links
1738:
1735:
1734:
1709:
1668:
1650:
1632:
1586:
1560:
1533:
1532:
1530:
1527:
1526:
1525:
1513:
1506:
1503:
1494:Main article:
1491:
1488:
1485:Ultra-wideband
1483:Main article:
1480:
1477:
1458:
1457:
1454:
1451:
1448:
1445:
1442:
1439:
1417:Main article:
1414:
1411:
1403:
1402:
1397:
1373:Main article:
1370:
1367:
1298:Main article:
1295:
1292:
1287:Main article:
1284:
1281:
1266:Main article:
1263:
1260:
1259:
1258:
1253:
1228:Main article:
1225:
1222:
1213:
1212:
1201:
1152:Main article:
1149:
1146:
1124:Main article:
1121:
1118:
1093:Main article:
1090:
1087:
1030:Main article:
1027:
1024:
1019:Main article:
1016:
1013:
990:Main article:
987:
984:
972:(or sometimes
962:Main article:
959:
956:
942:
941:
938:
936:
934:
932:
930:
928:
926:
924:
919:
913:
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403:
401:
398:
396:
394:
392:
389:
386:
382:
381:
374:
371:
366:
361:
354:
351:maximum upload
347:
340:
333:
330:
308:
307:
305:
304:
297:
290:
282:
279:
278:
272:
271:
269:
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231:
213:
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186:
185:
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182:
172:
166:
163:
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158:
157:
151:
150:
127:
126:
109:September 2023
41:
39:
32:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4753:
4742:
4739:
4738:
4736:
4721:
4713:
4711:
4703:
4701:
4693:
4691:
4681:
4680:
4677:
4670:
4666:
4664:
4661:
4659:
4656:
4654:
4651:
4649:
4646:
4642:
4639:
4637:
4634:
4633:
4631:
4629:
4626:
4625:
4623:
4619:
4613:
4610:
4608:
4605:
4603:
4600:
4598:
4595:
4593:
4590:
4588:
4585:
4583:
4580:
4578:
4575:
4573:
4570:
4568:
4565:
4564:
4562:
4560:
4556:
4550:
4547:
4545:
4542:
4540:
4537:
4535:
4532:
4530:
4527:
4525:
4522:
4520:
4517:
4515:
4512:
4510:
4507:
4505:
4502:
4500:
4497:
4495:
4492:
4490:
4487:
4486:
4484:
4482:
4478:
4472:
4469:
4467:
4464:
4462:
4459:
4457:
4454:
4452:
4449:
4448:
4446:
4442:
4436:
4435:Code-division
4433:
4431:
4428:
4426:
4423:
4421:
4420:Time-division
4418:
4416:
4413:
4411:
4408:
4407:
4405:
4403:
4399:
4393:
4390:
4386:
4383:
4381:
4378:
4377:
4376:
4373:
4369:
4366:
4365:
4364:
4361:
4359:
4356:
4354:
4351:
4350:
4348:
4346:and switching
4344:
4340:
4332:
4329:
4328:
4327:
4324:
4320:
4317:
4316:
4315:
4312:
4310:
4307:
4305:
4302:
4298:
4297:optical fiber
4295:
4294:
4293:
4290:
4288:
4287:Coaxial cable
4285:
4284:
4282:
4280:
4274:
4268:
4265:
4263:
4260:
4258:
4255:
4253:
4250:
4248:
4245:
4243:
4240:
4238:
4235:
4233:
4230:
4228:
4225:
4223:
4220:
4218:
4215:
4213:
4210:
4208:
4205:
4203:
4202:Radia Perlman
4200:
4198:
4195:
4193:
4190:
4188:
4185:
4183:
4180:
4178:
4175:
4173:
4170:
4168:
4165:
4163:
4160:
4158:
4155:
4153:
4150:
4148:
4145:
4143:
4140:
4138:
4135:
4133:
4130:
4128:
4125:
4123:
4120:
4118:
4115:
4113:
4110:
4108:
4105:
4103:
4100:
4098:
4095:
4093:
4092:Lee de Forest
4090:
4088:
4087:Thomas Edison
4085:
4083:
4080:
4078:
4077:Donald Davies
4075:
4073:
4070:
4068:
4065:
4063:
4062:Claude Chappe
4060:
4058:
4055:
4053:
4050:
4048:
4045:
4043:
4040:
4038:
4035:
4033:
4030:
4028:
4025:
4023:
4020:
4018:
4015:
4013:
4010:
4008:
4005:
4003:
4000:
3998:
3995:
3993:
3990:
3989:
3987:
3983:
3977:
3974:
3972:
3969:
3967:
3964:
3962:
3959:
3955:
3952:
3950:
3947:
3946:
3945:
3942:
3940:
3939:
3935:
3933:
3930:
3927:
3924:
3922:
3919:
3917:
3914:
3912:
3909:
3907:
3906:Smoke signals
3904:
3900:
3897:
3895:
3892:
3890:
3887:
3886:
3885:
3884:Semiconductor
3882:
3878:
3875:
3874:
3873:
3870:
3868:
3865:
3863:
3860:
3858:
3855:
3853:
3850:
3848:
3845:
3843:
3840:
3838:
3835:
3833:
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3189:BlackBerry 10
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3096:Feature phone
3094:
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3075:Manufacturers
3072:
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3019:
3016:
3012:
3011:airplane mode
3009:
3008:
3007:
3004:
3000:
2999:phone cloning
2997:
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2764:Mobile phones
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2688:Wi-Fi Calling
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2648:NGMN Alliance
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2018:
2015:
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1897:
1894:
1892:
1891:AMPS - N-AMPS
1889:
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1873:
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1329:3D television
1326:
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1218:
1210:
1206:
1202:
1199:
1198:
1197:
1195:
1191:
1187:
1185:
1184:mobile modems
1181:
1177:
1173:
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1161:
1155:
1145:
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1059:(now part of
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257:
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217:
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123:
120:
112:
101:
98:
94:
91:
87:
84:
80:
77:
73:
70: –
69:
65:
64:Find sources:
58:
54:
48:
47:
42:This article
40:
36:
31:
30:
27:
19:
4402:Multiplexing
4277:Transmission
4242:Nikola Tesla
4232:Henry Sutton
4187:Samuel Morse
4117:Robert Hooke
4082:Amos Dolbear
4017:John Bardeen
3936:
3916:Telautograph
3820:Mobile phone
3775:Edholm's law
3758:social media
3691:Broadcasting
3432:Box breaking
3403:address book
3256:Distribution
3121:Form factors
3086:Camera phone
3073:
3050:Web browsing
2901:
2885:
2653:Push-to-talk
2431:IEEE 802.16m
2400:LTE Advanced
2384:IMT Advanced
2329:IEEE 802.16e
2324:Mobile WiMAX
2285:3GPP2 family
2212:(TIA/IS-856)
2203:3GPP2 family
2101:3GPP2 family
2080:/3GPP family
1896:TACS - ETACS
1725:. Retrieved
1721:
1712:
1685:
1681:
1671:
1662:
1653:
1644:
1635:
1609:. Retrieved
1602:the original
1589:
1577:. Retrieved
1563:
1553:December 23,
1551:. Retrieved
1547:the original
1537:
1499:
1470:
1459:
1433:
1429:IMT Advanced
1422:
1404:
1389:
1387:capability.
1378:
1355:LTE Advanced
1342:
1337:
1318:IP telephony
1303:
1271:
1256:Evolved HSPA
1233:
1214:
1188:
1157:
1135:
1104:
1072:
1068:Digital AMPS
1065:
1051:standard in
1046:
1038:mobile phone
1035:
1021:Digital AMPS
995:
977:
973:
970:pre-cellular
969:
967:
951:
946:
945:
313:
311:
154:
115:
106:
96:
89:
82:
75:
63:
51:Please help
46:verification
43:
26:
4602:NPL network
4314:Radio waves
4252:Alfred Vail
4162:Hedy Lamarr
4147:Dawon Kahng
4107:Elisha Gray
4067:Yogen Dalal
3992:Nasir Ahmed
3926:Teleprinter
3790:Heliographs
3493:Environment
3467:silent mode
3311:contactless
3294:advertising
3251:Development
3169:Smartphones
2878:Generations
2794:Frequencies
2482:5G-Advanced
2470:3GPP family
2420:IEEE family
2412:(4.5G/4.9G)
2393:3GPP family
2235:3GPP family
2163:3GPP family
2108:CDMA2000 1X
1979:CSD - HSCSD
1682:IEEE Access
1431:standards.
1310:smartphones
1180:smartphones
1063:) in 1991.
982:) systems.
976:, that is,
794:5-20(40)MHz
667:400MHz-3GHz
644:400MHz-3GHz
606:EDGE/EGPRS
538:800-1900MHz
515:800-1900MHz
349:Theoretical
335:Theoretical
332:Standard(s)
4648:Antarctica
4607:Toasternet
4529:Television
4012:Paul Baran
3944:Television
3928:(teletype)
3921:Telegraphy
3899:transistor
3877:Phryctoria
3847:Photophone
3825:Smartphone
3815:Mass media
3555:Carrier IQ
3495:and health
3410:Television
3261:Management
3154:Smartwatch
3111:Smartphone
2799:Multi-band
2336:Flash-OFDM
1529:References
1314:mobile web
1144:encoding.
1130:See also:
1099:See also:
1057:Radiolinja
494:digital ↓
457:400-450MHz
426:200-350MHz
378:commercial
329:Generation
312:This is a
228:3.9G/3.95G
79:newspapers
4632:Americas
4621:Locations
4592:Internet2
4353:Bandwidth
4057:Vint Cerf
3954:streaming
3932:Telephone
3872:Semaphore
3763:streaming
3537:Recycling
3484:Wallpaper
3462:Ringtones
3323:Ticketing
3299:campaigns
3289:Marketing
3091:Car phone
3006:Telephony
2960:operation
2853:Tethering
2778:protocols
2436:WiMax 2.1
2291:CDMA2000
1784:standards
1704:2169-3536
1473:New Radio
1325:mobile TV
1061:Elisa Oyj
979:0G mobile
824:HSPA+ **
782:150Mbit/s
705:HSPA+ **
656:CDMA2000
634:7.2Mbit/s
400:50-150MHz
363:Frequency
4735:Category
4700:Category
4587:Internet
4577:CYCLADES
4494:Ethernet
4444:Concepts
4368:terminal
4319:wireless
4142:Bob Kahn
3985:Pioneers
3810:Internet
3701:Cable TV
3628:Category
3371:Learning
3351:Gambling
3341:Blogging
3316:donating
3306:Payments
3276:Commerce
3234:software
3231:specific
3081:3D phone
3045:Tracking
2994:Security
2977:services
2967:Features
2918:adoption
2886:Analogue
2868:XHTML-MP
2841:SIM lock
2831:dual SIM
2826:SIM card
2774:networks
2461:IMT-2020
2365:HiperMAN
2264:DC-HSDPA
2154:IMT-2000
1722:BBC News
1621:cite web
1611:July 18,
1505:See also
1409:as 5GE.
1407:AT&T
1316:access,
1279:(HSPA).
1190:CDMA2000
1083:T-Mobile
1078:Qualcomm
870:WiMAX 2
787:50Mbit/s
713:11Mbit/s
708:42Mbit/s
527:CDMAone
388:SN, SN+
344:download
147:a series
145:Part of
4720:Commons
4710:Outline
4663:Oceania
4582:FidoNet
4567:ARPANET
4380:circuit
3949:digital
3678:History
3479:Txt-spk
3424:Culture
3333:Content
3284:Banking
3182:rooting
3139:Phablet
3062:devices
2984:History
2958:General
2902:Digital
2816:Roaming
2695:Osmocom
2543:History
2513:DECT-5G
2487:NR-IIoT
1932:DataTAC
1927:Mobitex
1727:May 31,
1194:cdmaOne
1053:Finland
731:LTE **
639:2Mbit/s
472:D-AMPS
376:Year of
370:spacing
368:Channel
356:Typical
342:Typical
238:4G/4.5G
189:Digital
93:scholar
4658:Europe
4628:Africa
4612:Usenet
4572:BITNET
4509:Mobile
4385:packet
3894:MOSFET
3889:device
3686:Beacon
3626:
3474:Selfie
3457:Novels
3447:Dating
3442:Comics
3437:Charms
3398:Social
3386:Search
3361:Health
3356:Gaming
3229:Mobile
3194:iPhone
3144:Slider
3060:Mobile
2821:Signal
2772:Mobile
2497:NB-IoT
2463:(2021)
2458:(2018)
2404:E-UTRA
2386:(2013)
2381:(2009)
2358:family
2317:family
2275:E-UTRA
2156:(2001)
2151:(1998)
2010:family
1991:family
1967:family
1953:(1991)
1884:family
1874:(1979)
1857:B-Netz
1805:(1946)
1702:
1579:May 3,
1343:4G LTE
1331:, and
1236:mobile
1176:Mbit/s
1160:kbit/s
1002:analog
778:LTE **
728:3.95G
583:48kB/s
360:speed*
358:upload
353:speed*
346:speed*
339:speed*
161:Analog
149:on the
95:
88:
81:
74:
66:
4641:South
4636:North
4597:JANET
4534:Telex
4524:Radio
4363:Nodes
4358:Links
4279:media
3857:Radio
3842:Pager
3770:Drums
3736:video
3731:image
3721:audio
3391:local
3376:Music
3346:Email
3149:Slate
2673:ViLTE
2668:VoLTE
2626:5G NR
2575:STDMA
2563:OFDMA
2506:Other
2492:LTE-M
2477:5G NR
2440:WiBro
2427:WiMAX
2346:WiBro
2259:HSPA+
2252:HSUPA
2247:HSDPA
2130:WiDEN
2123:Other
2026:Other
1989:3GPP2
1922:Hicap
1917:C-450
1905:Other
1822:Altai
1605:(PDF)
1598:(PDF)
1479:5.25G
1359:WiMAX
1308:, to
1289:3.95G
1283:3.95G
1268:3.75G
1262:3.75G
1211:(UMB)
1168:3.75G
1126:2.75G
1120:2.75G
1114:HSCSD
1074:IS-95
940:2018
892:4.9G
887:2007
865:2007
845:4.5G
748:2009
702:3.75G
681:HSPA
651:2001
631:UMTS
623:2003
598:2000
522:1991
485:30kHz
464:1979
433:1958
407:1946
256:5.25G
224:3.75G
206:2.75G
100:JSTOR
86:books
4653:Asia
4539:UUCP
4499:ISDN
3381:News
3243:Apps
3159:Fold
3134:Flip
3040:Spam
2935:4.5G
2925:3.5G
2858:VoIP
2836:eSIM
2809:list
2683:ViNR
2678:VoNR
2658:MIMO
2631:CDMA
2616:UMTS
2594:SDMA
2587:CDMA
2582:SSMA
2570:TDMA
2558:FDMA
2356:ETSI
2315:IEEE
2242:HSPA
2180:FOMA
2170:UMTS
2135:DECT
2087:GPRS
2038:iDEN
2033:CDPD
2008:AMPS
1965:3GPP
1882:AMPS
1842:AMTS
1817:IMTS
1729:2023
1700:ISSN
1627:link
1613:2015
1581:2018
1555:2009
1400:MIMO
1375:4.5G
1369:4.5G
1351:3GPP
1230:3.5G
1224:3.5G
1182:and
1166:and
1164:3.5G
1142:8PSK
1138:EDGE
1106:2.5G
1095:2.5G
1089:2.5G
1015:1.5G
678:3.5G
603:2.9G
579:GPRS
575:2.5G
469:1.5G
412:0.5G
391:2B/s
365:band
260:5.5G
246:4.9G
242:4.5G
220:3.5G
210:2.9G
202:2.5G
179:1.5G
72:news
4544:WAN
4514:NGN
4504:LAN
3785:Fax
3726:DCT
3547:Law
3129:Bar
3033:RCS
3028:MMS
3023:SMS
2972:GSM
2863:WAP
2663:IMS
2621:LTE
2611:GSM
2271:LTE
2078:GSM
2053:CT2
2048:PHS
2043:PDC
1974:GSM
1961:GSM
1937:CT1
1912:NMT
1862:AMR
1852:ARP
1827:OLT
1812:MTS
1690:doi
1339:LTE
1207:):
1178:to
1055:by
1049:GSM
1042:SMS
774:4G
628:3G
553:PDC
549:2G
503:GSM
499:2G
415:SI
316:in
55:by
4737::
2945:6G
2940:5G
2930:4G
2913:3G
2908:2G
2897:1G
2892:0G
2456:5G
2433:)
2379:4G
2149:3G
1951:2G
1872:1G
1800:0G
1720:.
1698:.
1684:.
1680:.
1661:.
1643:.
1623:}}
1619:{{
1571:.
1496:6G
1490:6G
1425:4G
1419:5G
1413:5G
1385:5G
1381:4G
1363:4G
1347:4G
1335:.
1300:4G
1294:4G
1244:4G
1240:3G
1217:1G
1154:3G
1148:3G
1085:.
1032:2G
1026:2G
1006:2G
992:1G
986:1G
958:0G
952:**
922:NR
917:5G
443:1G
385:0G
320:.
266:6G
258:,
252:5G
244:,
240:,
234:4G
226:,
222:,
216:3G
208:,
204:,
198:2G
175:1G
170:0G
4671:)
4667:(
3662:e
3655:t
3648:v
2904::
2888::
2776:,
2756:e
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2742:v
2429:(
2406:)
2402:(
2277:)
2273:(
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1760:v
1731:.
1706:.
1692::
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1665:.
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1615:.
1583:.
1557:.
1427:/
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301:e
294:t
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262:)
254:(
248:)
236:(
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218:(
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200:(
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107:(
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