322:. He proposed that the goal of archaeology was exactly the same as that of anthropology more generally, viz. to "explicate and explain the total range of physical and cultural similarities and differences characteristic of the entire spatio-temporal span of man's existence." This would be achieved by relating artifacts to human behavior, and behavior to cultural systems (as understood by his mentor, cultural anthropologist Leslie White).
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214:. Previously a mediocre student, Binford excelled in college and considered pursuing an academic career in biology until he was put off the idea when a professor suggested that there were "still a few species of blind cave salamanders" that he could be the first to study. It was during his time in the military that Binford first became interested in anthropology and archaeology. After graduating he was
447:(1968), among other works. After his marriage to Sally ended, Binford married Mary Ann Howell nee Wilson, an elementary school teacher. His fifth wife was Nancy Medaris Stone, an archaeologist. At the time of his death he was married to Amber Johnson, professor and chair of sociology and anthropology at
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sites. Binford's disagreement with Bordes over the interpretation of
Mousterian stone artifacts provided the impetus for much of Binford's theoretical work. Bordes interpreted variability in Mousterian assemblages as evidence of different tribes, while Binford felt that a functional interpretation of
333:(1968), edited by Binford and his then wife Sally, also an archaeologist. By the time this volume was published he had left Chicago – dismissed, according to Binford, because of increasing tension between himself and the senior archaeologists in the faculty, particularly
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Binford was married six times. His first marriage was to Jean Riley Mock, with whom he had his only daughter, Martha. Binford also had a son, Clinton, who died as a result of injuries sustained in a car accident in 1976. He frequently collaborated with his third wife,
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in archaeology. He placed a strong emphasis on generalities and the way in which human beings interact with their ecological niche, defining culture as the extrasomatic means of adaptation. This view reflects the influence of his Ph.D supervisor,
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as an interpreter and assigned to a group of anthropologists tasked with resettling people on the
Pacific islands occupied by the United States during World War II. He also became involved with the recovery of archaeological material from tombs on
186:(or the "New Archaeology") in the 1960s. Binford's influence was controversial, however, and most theoretical work in archaeology in the late 1980s and 1990s was explicitly construed as either a reaction to or in support of the processual
235:(UNC). The military subsidy he received was not enough to fund his study completely, so Binford used the skills in construction he learned from his father (a carpenter) to start a modest contracting business. He gained a second
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that were to be removed to make way for a military base. Though he had no training in archaeology, Binford found himself excavating and identifying these artifacts, which were then used to restock the destroyed museum in
423:(2001), was edited by his then wife, Nancy Medaris Stone. His wife at the time of his death, Amber Johnson, has said that she and a colleague will finish editing a book Binford had in progress at the time of his death.
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the different assemblages would be more appropriate. His subsequent inability to explain the
Mousterian facies using a functional approach led to his ethnoarchaeological work among the
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Several other archaeologists at
Chicago shared Binford's ideas, a group their critics began calling the "New Archaeologists". In 1966 they presented a set of papers at a meeting of the
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reflected the same 'stamp collecting' mentality that had turned him away from biology. At
Michigan, he saw a sharp contrast between the "excitement" of the anthropology department's
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period. He is widely considered among the most influential archaeologists of the later 20th century, and is credited with fundamentally changing the field with the introduction of
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behavior is reflected in material remains. This methodology—conducting ethnographic fieldwork to establish firm correlations between behavior and material culture—is known as
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190:. Recent appraisals have judged that his approach owed more to prior work in the 1940s and 50s than suggested by Binford's strong criticism of his predecessors.
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and while not being invented by
Binford, was shaped by his incorporation with Processual (New) Archaeology. Most of Binford's later work was focused on the
318:. Binford criticised what he saw as a tendency to treat artifacts as undifferentiated traits, and to explain variations in these traits only in terms of
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school, the behavioural school, and symbolic and postmodern anthropologies. Binford was also known for a friendlier rivalry with French archaeologist
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Constructing frames of reference:an analytical method for archaeological theory building using hunter-gatherer and environmental data sets
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283:) and the "people in white coats counting their potsherds" in the Museum of Anthropology. His first academic position was as an
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471:. Binford and other New Archaeologists argued that there should be a greater application of scientific methodologies and the
467:. As a leading advocate of the "New Archaeology" movement of the 1960s, he proposed a number of ideas that became central to
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Binford withdrew from the theoretical debates that followed the rapid adoption of New
Archaeology (by then also called
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Binford first became dissatisfied with the present state of archaeology while an undergraduate at UNC. He felt that
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and statistical methods in archaeology. Shortly after his appointment he wrote his first major article,
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approach to archaeology. New
Archaeology was considered a revolution in archaeological theory.
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Renfrew, C.; Houston, S.; Raczynski Henk, Y.; Leone, M.; McNutt, C.; Watson, P. J. (2011).
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who had worked with
Binford as a research student at Southern Methodist University.
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faculty in 1991, after teaching for 23 years as a distinguished professor at the
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found in Europe, North Africa and the Near East. In 1969 he decided to undertake
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Binford was involved in several high-profile debates including arguments with
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University of
Michigan College of Literature, Science, and the Arts alumni
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on the nature and function of style and on symbolism and methodology with
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environment that Mousterian hominins occupied, and to see first hand how
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in 2001. He also received a Lifetime Achievement Award in 2008 from the
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After leaving the military Binford went to study anthropology at the
1220:"SMU Anthropology Professor Elected to National Academy of Sciences"
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770:"Ancestry.com. U.S., School Yearbooks, 1900-2016 database on-line"
480:. Binford's work can largely be seen as a reaction to the earlier
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166:(November 21, 1931 – April 11, 2011) was an American
1338:"Conversations with Lewis R. Binford on Historical Archaeology"
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361:) in the 1960s and 70s, instead focusing on his work on the
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1148:(21 April 2011). "Minor Planet Names: Alphabetical List".
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In Pursuit of the Past: Decoding the Archaeological Record
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Members of the United States National Academy of Sciences
248:
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263:, a subject he became interested in while still at UNC.
1322:"SMU's Lewis Binford left legacy of change, innovation"
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Binford, L. R. (1962). "Archaeology as Anthropology".
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400:and hunter-gatherers in the archaeological record.
1472:University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill alumni
1407:"Lewis Binford, Leading Archaeologist, Dies at 79"
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585:Berkeley: University of California Press, (2001)
503:, with whom he argued over the interpretation of
459:Binford is mainly known for his contributions to
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1432:National Academy of Sciences Biographical Memoir
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625:Working at Archaeology (Studies in Archaeology)
1390:(2nd ed.). Cambridge University Press.
1245:"Archaeologist Binford Dug Beyond Artifacts"
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1266:(1987). "An Interview With Lewis Binford".
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329:which were later collected in the landmark
239:at UNC and then in 1957 transferred to the
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1180:"Lewis Binford: Prof Changed Archaeology"
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251:. His thesis was the interaction between
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1320:Southern Methodist University (2011).
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1051:International Astronomical Union 2011
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1198:Lekson, S (November–December 2001).
384:, in order to better understand the
1386:A History of Archaeological Thought
1037:Society for American Archaeology, "
651:Bones, Ancient Men and Modern Myths
352:
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983:Southern Methodist University 2011
598:San Diego: Academic Press, (1989)
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204:Matthew Fontaine Maury High School
170:known for his influential work in
16:American archaeologist (1931–2011)
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1492:University of New Mexico faculty
1405:Wilford, J. N. (22 April 2011).
1146:International Astronomical Union
679:New York: Seminar Press, (1972)
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421:Constructing Frames of Reference
327:Society for American Archaeology
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1039:Lifetime Achievement Award 2017
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690:New Perspectives in Archaeology
532:and an honorary doctorate from
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419:Binford's last published book,
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331:New Perspectives in Archaeology
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426:He died on April 11, 2011, in
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1200:"The Legacy of Lewis Binford"
1106:An Archaeological Perspective
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677:An archaeological perspective
410:Southern Methodist University
152:Southern Methodist University
1243:Miller, S. (15 April 2011).
1178:Jojola, L. (16 April 2011).
526:National Academy of Sciences
473:hypothetico-deductive method
465:ethnoarchaeological research
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233:University of North Carolina
109:Significant contributions to
86:University of North Carolina
7:
1305:"Tributes to Lewis Binford"
1110:. New York: Seminar Press.
703:Archaeology as Anthropology
524:Binford was elected to the
512:and the development of his
297:Archaeology as Anthropology
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1125:Gamble, C. (17 May 2011).
341:for a year and then on to
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1218:Mayou, E. (1 May 2001).
1127:"Lewis Binford obituary"
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414:University of New Mexico
347:University of New Mexico
303:to verify the dates and
277:cultural anthropologists
194:Early life and education
148:University of New Mexico
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1336:Thurman, M. D. (1998).
1249:The Wall Street Journal
1150:IAU Minor Planet Center
1102:Binford, L. R. (1972).
449:Truman State University
257:first English colonists
243:to complete a combined
1457:American prehistorians
1342:Historical Archaeology
520:Awards and recognition
469:processual archaeology
359:processual archaeology
241:University of Michigan
184:processual archaeology
101:processual archaeology
90:University of Michigan
463:and his promotion of
461:archaeological theory
293:New World archaeology
289:University of Chicago
172:archaeological theory
164:Lewis Roberts Binford
144:University of Chicago
1487:Virginia Tech alumni
1268:Current Anthropology
1230:on 28 September 2011
609:Faunal Remains from
596:Debating Archaeology
430:, at the age of 79.
428:Kirksville, Missouri
376:fieldwork among the
198:Binford was born in
61:Kirksville, Missouri
1184:Albuquerque Journal
722:Renfrew et al. 2011
611:Klasies River Mouth
514:middle-range theory
408:Binford joined the
367:Middle Palaeolithic
314:techniques such as
285:assistant professor
1411:The New York Times
1355:10.1007/BF03374250
1204:American Scientist
1067:American Antiquity
959:, p. 399; 405
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899:, pp. 687–689
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337:. He moved to the
320:cultural diffusion
301:radiocarbon dating
291:, where he taught
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1165:Missing or empty
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534:Leiden University
200:Norfolk, Virginia
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120:Scientific career
43:Norfolk, Virginia
39:November 21, 1931
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1414:. Retrieved
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1348:(2): 28–55.
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180:Paleolithic
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