429:
411:
77:
444:
52:
33:
403:
After flowering, the fruits develop flotation chambers but remain attached to the stem. In
England, it has been recorded that flooding causes the stems to break and the fruits to be carried downstream and stranded in river debris or on flood-plains. The bulbs can also be transported during heavy
383:
plant, generally 35–60 cm (14–24 in) tall, but some forms reach 90 cm (35 in). Its leaves, which are well developed at the time of flowering, are strap-shaped, 5–20 mm (0.2–0.8 in) wide, reaching to about the same height as the flowers. The flowering stem
636:. Another cultivar is 'Nancy Lindsay'. Shorter and more compact than 'Gravetye Giant' at 50–60 cm (20–24 in), its flowers, 5–6 per stem, have tepals that are rounder and broader. It originated in a garden in southern France owned by Nancy Lindsay.
428:
410:
971:
396:) are of different lengths, 25–70 mm (1.0–2.8 in) long. The flowers are about 3–4 cm (1.2–1.6 in) in diameter and have six white
1555:
1633:
1831:
1407:
946:
Webb, D.A. (1980). "Leucojum aestivum". In Tutin, T.G.; Heywood, V.H.; Burges, N.A.; Valentine, D.H.; Walters, S.M.; Webb, D.A. (eds.).
1062:
770:
509:
1728:
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1506:
1656:
1599:
1132:
1011:
955:
923:
895:
1707:
1573:
1871:
1856:
476:
means "of the summer". Two subspecies have been recognized (sometimes as varieties rather than subspecies): the nominate
1441:
1402:
504:
is differentiated by its generally smaller dimensions. It has 1–5 flowers per stem compared to the 3–8 of subsp.
1866:
855:
829:
809:
1876:
1795:
1638:
1542:
443:
1790:
1661:
1154:
388:) is hollow and has wings with translucent margins. The pendant flowers appear in late spring and are borne in
1746:
1620:
978:
1861:
1472:
1091:
1381:
612:
for its flowers. It requires a damp position, growing well on clay soils, where it increases rapidly. The
1754:
1371:
1366:
1343:
1314:
629:
625:
400:, each with a greenish mark just below the tip. The black seeds are 5–7 mm (0.2–0.3 in) long.
1741:
1511:
1067:
775:
1851:
1648:
1594:
845:
The
Complete Guide to Companion Planting: Everything You Need to Know to Make Your Garden Successful.
76:
730:
1846:
1841:
1836:
1485:
1179:
1612:
1733:
616:'Gravetye Giant' is robust, growing to 90 cm (35 in) with up to eight flowers on each
1560:
1467:
1276:
871:
848:
802:
1120:
633:
301:
among others, is a plant species widely cultivated as an ornamental. It is native to most of
190:
1687:
1586:
1534:
1415:
761:
8:
418:
41:
1325:
1803:
1720:
1480:
1459:
1251:
1226:
290:
214:
71:
707:
624:, an Elizabethan manor house in West Sussex, England, the former home of the gardener
1682:
1389:
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1128:
1007:
951:
919:
891:
851:
825:
805:
1808:
1394:
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393:
330:
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157:
114:
1782:
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101:
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1204:
716:
586:
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362:
206:
127:
61:
56:
1260:
1772:
1607:
1519:
1358:
1308:
658:
582:
542:
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of usually three to five, sometimes as many as seven. The flower stalks (
358:
318:
274:
137:
1674:
1498:
594:
1053:
1524:
1454:
1428:
32:
1270:
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and is restricted to swampy areas in the western
Mediterranean. The
1767:
1293:
654:
651:
646:
613:
562:
522:
435:
342:
167:
1433:
886:
Grey-Wilson, Christopher; Mathew, Brian; Blamey, Marjorie (1981).
1547:
570:
550:
450:
346:
326:
314:
310:
1420:
558:
546:
538:
334:
322:
302:
520:, its close relative (and the only other species in the genus
397:
389:
306:
88:
566:
380:
338:
888:
Bulbs : the bulbous plants of Europe and their allies
492:. The latter has also been treated as a separate species,
650:
are poisonous, as the leaves and bulbs contain the toxic
569:. It is naturalized in other parts of Europe, including
1094:. In Flora of North America Editorial Committee (ed.).
885:
16:
948:
Flora
Europaea, Volume 5: Alismataceae to Orchidaceae
1185:. Royal Horticultural Society. July 2017. p. 60
1227:"Cholinesterase inhibitors for Alzheimer's disease"
1125:Plant Lover's Companion: Plants, People and Places
1004:Plants and their names : a concise dictionary
1823:
881:
879:
1006:. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 10.
731:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2014-1.RLTS.T164488A45461549.en
705:
1001:
876:
756:
754:
752:
750:
748:
1231:The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
529:
512:does not recognize any infraspecific taxa.
1063:World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
995:
950:. Cambridge University Press. p. 77.
822:Taylor's Pocket Guide to Bulbs for Spring.
801:3rd ed. Cambridge University Press, 1987.
771:World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
745:
510:World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
50:
31:
1250:
1030:Boens, Wim (March 2017). "An overview of
1025:
1023:
972:"Site name: Lodge Wood and Sandford Mill"
793:
791:
729:
1147:
1118:
1090:Straley, Gerald B.; Utech, Frederick H.
1089:
909:
907:
1046:
860:
839:
837:
1824:
1218:
1112:
1085:
1083:
1020:
918:. London: B.T. Batsford. p. 120.
913:
788:
1275:
1274:
1224:
1197:
1029:
941:
939:
937:
935:
904:
814:
677:Other older vernacular names include
404:floods and deposited on river banks.
1796:37888b12-bd1f-4824-9916-657a023a4e7e
1649:96becafd-38e2-488a-bea9-3825c25e2209
964:
945:
834:
1832:IUCN Red List least concern species
1127:. David & Charles. p. 83.
1080:
717:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
13:
1002:Hyam, R.; Pankhurst, R.J. (1995).
932:
870:Volume 1. Martinus Nijhoff, 1911.
628:. 'Gravetye Giant' has gained the
333:. It is also considered native to
14:
1888:
977:. Natural England. Archived from
593:is found in damp places, such as
890:. London: Collins. p. 136.
442:
427:
409:
75:
1747:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:65743-1
1172:
824:Houghton Mifflin, 1989. p. 60.
291:River Loddon § Loddon lily
699:
671:
600:
368:
1:
1225:Birks, Jacqueline S. (2006).
692:
868:A Dictionary of Plant Names.
449:Growing in a damp meadow in
7:
1872:Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus
799:Flora of the British Isles.
639:
630:Royal Horticultural Society
457:
10:
1893:
1857:Flora of Georgia (country)
1068:Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
776:Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
585:, and much of the eastern
1283:
1243:10.1002/14651858.CD005593
1180:"AGM Plants - Ornamental"
220:
213:
196:
189:
72:Scientific classification
70:
48:
39:
30:
23:
1867:Plants described in 1759
1119:Brittain, Julia (2006).
664:
557:, and is also native to
541:, with the exception of
530:Distribution and habitat
361:and much of the eastern
317:, with the exception of
1877:Garden plants of Europe
1096:Flora of North America
706:Lansdown, R.V. (2014).
597:, swamps, and ditches.
465:was first described by
345:. It is naturalized in
1155:"RHS Plant Selector -
914:Mathew, Brian (1987).
866:H. L. Gerth van Wijk.
797:A. R. Clapham, et al.
724:: e.T164488A45461549.
526:), flowers in Spring.
256:Polyanthemum aestivale
634:Award of Garden Merit
537:is native to most of
422:) approaching flowers
620:. It is named after
608:is cultivated as an
434:Growing by water in
224:Leucojum hernandezii
1862:Flora of Azerbaijan
1092:"Leucojum aestivum"
469:in 1759. The Latin
419:Anthophora plumipes
248:Nivaria monadelphia
232:Leucojum pulchellum
42:Conservation status
494:L. pulchellum
259:(Moench) Bubani
240:Nivaria aestivalis
1819:
1818:
1698:Leucojum_aestivum
1683:Open Tree of Life
1486:Leucojum aestivum
1408:Leucojum_aestivum
1315:Leucojum aestivum
1285:Leucojum aestivum
1277:Taxon identifiers
1207:. Drugs.com. 2017
1159:'Gravetye Giant'"
1157:Leucojum aestivum
1134:978-0-7153-2421-9
1056:Leucojum aestivum
1013:978-0-19-866189-4
957:978-0-521-06662-4
925:978-0-7134-4922-8
916:The Smaller Bulbs
897:978-0-00-219211-8
764:Leucojum aestivum
710:Leucojum aestivum
679:mountain snowdrop
606:Leucojum aestivum
535:Leucojum aestivum
463:Leucojum aestivum
374:Leucojum aestivum
270:Leucojum aestivum
266:
265:
260:
252:
244:
236:
228:
200:Leucojum aestivum
65:
25:Leucojum aestivum
1884:
1852:Flora of Armenia
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1678:
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1626:NBNSYS0000002252
1616:
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1590:
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1190:
1184:
1176:
1170:
1169:
1167:
1165:
1151:
1145:
1144:
1142:
1141:
1121:"Gravetye Manor"
1116:
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1087:
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1050:
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943:
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911:
902:
901:
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874:
864:
858:
847:Atlantic, 2010.
841:
832:
818:
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795:
786:
785:
783:
782:
758:
743:
742:
740:
738:
733:
703:
686:
675:
626:William Robinson
610:ornamental plant
591:L. aestivum
555:Baltic Republics
498:L. aestivum
486:L. aestivum
478:L. aestivum
471:specific epithet
446:
431:
413:
331:Baltic countries
279:summer snowflake
258:
250:
242:
234:
226:
202:
182:L. aestivum
80:
79:
59:
54:
53:
35:
21:
20:
1892:
1891:
1887:
1886:
1885:
1883:
1882:
1881:
1847:Flora of Turkey
1842:Flora of Europe
1837:Amaryllidoideae
1822:
1821:
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1815:
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1670:Observation.org
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1307:
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1237:(1): CD005593.
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958:
944:
933:
926:
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905:
898:
884:
877:
865:
861:
842:
835:
820:Norman Taylor.
819:
815:
796:
789:
780:
778:
760:
759:
746:
736:
734:
704:
700:
695:
690:
689:
683:summer snowdrop
676:
672:
667:
644:All species of
642:
603:
579:New South Wales
575:South Australia
532:
517:Leucojum vernum
460:
453:
447:
438:
432:
423:
414:
371:
355:New South Wales
351:South Australia
283:giant snowflake
209:
204:
198:
185:
158:Amaryllidoideae
74:
66:
55:
51:
44:
17:
12:
11:
5:
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1869:
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1809:wfo-0000683092
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1079:
1045:
1038:. New Series.
1019:
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622:Gravetye Manor
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148:Amaryllidaceae
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1262:
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1240:
1236:
1232:
1228:
1221:
1206:
1205:"Galantamine"
1200:
1181:
1175:
1160:
1158:
1150:
1136:
1130:
1126:
1122:
1115:
1101:. eFloras.org
1100:
1097:
1093:
1086:
1084:
1069:
1065:
1064:
1059:
1057:
1049:
1041:
1037:
1036:The Plantsman
1033:
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1005:
998:
984:on 2016-03-04
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869:
863:
857:
856:9781601383457
853:
850:
846:
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831:
830:9780395510186
827:
823:
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810:9780521389747
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587:United States
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467:Carl Linnaeus
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363:United States
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296:
293:) and rarely
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843:Dale Mayer.
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1608:NatureServe
1520:iNaturalist
1309:Wikispecies
1263:. CD005593.
1042:(1): 20–25.
737:28 February
659:galantamine
601:Cultivation
595:wet meadows
583:Nova Scotia
543:Scandinavia
369:Description
359:Nova Scotia
319:Scandinavia
287:Loddon lily
277:called the
227:Cambess.
154:Subfamily:
138:Asparagales
115:Angiosperms
1826:Categories
1721:kew-280491
1716:Plant List
1379:Calflora:
1211:2017-12-18
1140:2017-12-19
1105:2017-12-17
1073:2017-12-15
988:2017-03-08
781:2017-12-15
693:References
553:, and the
502:pulchellum
490:pulchellum
235:Salisb.
1473:200028052
1455:FloraBase
1164:2 October
652:alkaloids
378:perennial
251:Medik.
243:Moench
176:Species:
85:Kingdom:
1791:VicFlora
1780:VASCAN:
1768:Tropicos
1695:PalDat:
1613:2.149515
1561:11102758
1403:eFloraSA
1356:BioLib:
1294:Wikidata
1261:16437532
1189:22 March
1098:(online)
1032:Leucojum
655:lycorine
647:Leucojum
640:Toxicity
614:cultivar
563:Caucasus
523:Leucojum
506:aestivum
482:aestivum
474:aestivum
458:Taxonomy
436:Bulgaria
394:pedicels
343:Caucasus
341:and the
329:and the
295:snowbell
275:commonly
215:Synonyms
169:Leucojum
144:Family:
128:Monocots
62:IUCN 3.1
1773:1201268
1595:MoBotPF
1548:65743-1
1499:2860425
1421:1003175
1300:Q159119
1252:9006343
872:p. 751.
849:p. 225.
803:p. 551.
571:Denmark
551:Belarus
500:subsp.
488:subsp.
480:subsp.
451:Croatia
381:bulbous
347:Denmark
327:Belarus
315:Ukraine
311:Ireland
299:dewdrop
164:Genus:
134:Order:
89:Plantae
60: (
1729:PLANTS
1688:779382
1646:NZOR:
1600:275800
1587:164488
1574:503422
1447:185586
1372:416721
1323:AoFP:
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565:, and
561:, the
559:Turkey
547:Russia
539:Europe
398:tepals
390:umbels
335:Turkey
323:Russia
303:Europe
1760:10003
1705:PFI:
1657:NZPCN
1639:54835
1556:IRMNG
1535:51015
1532:IPA:
1525:55809
1512:21975
1481:FoAO2
1442:EUNIS
1434:LEJAE
1395:6PSZT
1359:42012
1349:88979
1333:APA:
1183:(PDF)
982:(PDF)
975:(PDF)
665:Notes
618:scape
573:, in
386:scape
376:is a
307:Spain
305:from
289:(see
122:Clade
109:Clade
96:Clade
1783:2511
1742:POWO
1734:LEAE
1708:6985
1675:2602
1662:3404
1634:NCBI
1582:IUCN
1569:ITIS
1543:IPNI
1507:GRIN
1494:GBIF
1460:1493
1429:EPPO
1382:8636
1367:BOLD
1344:APNI
1336:4423
1326:1993
1257:PMID
1235:2006
1191:2018
1166:2020
1129:ISBN
1008:ISBN
952:ISBN
920:ISBN
892:ISBN
852:ISBN
826:ISBN
806:ISBN
739:2024
722:2014
681:and
657:and
567:Iran
484:and
339:Iran
309:and
297:and
1804:WFO
1755:RHS
1621:NBN
1468:FNA
1416:EoL
1390:CoL
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