510:
462:
400:
666:
419:
498:
611:, a grandson of Basil I, as well as the accounts given by Theophanes Continuatus. Basil I, according to these accounts, was a son of peasants. His mother is named by Constantine VII as "Pankalo". The name of his father was not recorded, but the names Symbatios (Smbat) and Constantine have been suggested; both were names used by the eldest sons of Basil, with eldest sons of Byzantines typically named after their grandfathers. The paternal grandfather of Basil is named as Maiactes (or Hmayeak in Armenian). Basil's paternal grandmother was not named but was identified as a daughter of "Leo", a citizen of
315:
724:
542:
45:
477:
Even sources vehemently hostile to Leo (Theophanes
Continuatus, Patriarch Nikephoros) acknowledge his competence in managing state affairs. Unfortunately, as with all iconoclast emperors, his actions and intentions cannot be easily reconstructed due to the extreme bias of the iconodule sources (there
618:
The scholar Chris
Bennett has hypothesised that, for this theory to be true, Leo's daughter would had to have been of marriageable age between the years 780 to 797, which given the ages of her brothers (all born after 800) is unlikely. However, as a counter-argument Bennett has also suggested that
505:
In the dim light they mistook the officiating priest for the
Emperor and the confusion allowed Leo to snatch a heavy cross from the altar and defend himself. He called for his guards, but the conspirators had barred the doors and within a few moments a sword stroke had severed his arm, and he fell
305:
theme was punished for his humiliating defeat by the Arabs during which he also lost the salaries of his thematic units (a modern scholar suggests that this Leo is not the same as the emperor). Punishment also included deprivation of his military rank, beating and hair cutting.
698:
Bennett refers to a further possibility, namely that
Maiactes and his wife were Basil's great-grandparents and not his grandparents, but does not elaborate further. See Chris Bennett, "The Relationship of Basil I to Leo V"
371:
by land, Leo V had inherited a precarious situation. He offered to negotiate in person with the invader and attempted to have him killed in an ambush. The stratagem failed, and although Krum abandoned his
348:
in 813 by abandoning the battlefield, but nevertheless took advantage of this defeat to force the abdication of
Michael I in his favor on 11 July 813. In a diplomatic move, he wrote a letter to
619:
Constantine VII may have made a mistake when determining the years separating
Maiactes and Basil, and that the latter may have been born at least 20 years after his reported birth date of
494:, 820. Leo was attending the matins service when a group of assassins disguised as members of the choir due to sing in the service suddenly threw off their robes and drew their weapons.
506:
before the communion-table, where his body was hewed in pieces. His remains were dumped unceremoniously in the snow and the assassins hurried to the dungeons to free
Michael II.
1035:
533:. His four sons (including ex co-emperor Symbatios) were castrated, a procedure so brutally carried out that one of them died during the "operation".
739:
521:
Unfortunately for them Leo had hidden the key on his person, and since it was too early in the morning to find a blacksmith, Michael was hastily
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623:
811. This would indicate that it was Basil's father, rather than Basil himself, who was born at this time and had witnessed the wars with
744:
577:
Gregory. Castrated and exiled following the assassination of his father. Still alive in 847, recorded to have supported the election of
588:
The existence of a daughter has been debated by historians and genealogists. The tentative name "Anna" has been suggested (see below).
627:, and that Leo's daughter could therefore have been born (rather than married) in the 790s, which would make Adontz' theory possible.
570:
Basil. Castrated and exiled following the assassination of his father. Still alive in 847, recorded to have supported the election of
564:
2656:
2641:
1232:
349:
2626:
1757:
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434:
The
Emperor used his rather moderate iconoclast policy to seize the properties of iconodules and monasteries, such as the rich
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2666:
2621:
2551:
2419:
999:
393:
250:
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Italics indicates a junior co-emperor, underlining indicates an emperor variously regarded as either legitimate or a usurper
297:. The Emperor rewarded Leo with two palaces, but later exiled him for marrying the daughter of another rebel, the patrician
2636:
2616:
2611:
1764:
909:
David Turner, The
Origins and Accession of Leo V (813–820), Jahrburch der Osterreichischen Byzantinistik, 40, 1990, pp. 179
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1110:
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638:. The name "Anna" has been suggested for the daughter of Leo V and Theodosia, because it was given to daughters of
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revival). One month later, during his entrance to the Palace quarter, he kneeled before the icon of Christ at the
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615:. Adontz identified this Leo as Leo V, which would make Leo V and Theodosia great-grandparents of Basil I.
423:
373:
242:
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policy of his predecessors associated with defeats at the hands of
Bulgarians and Arabs, Leo V reinstituted
396:. According to some sources, Krum participated in the battle and abandoned the battlefield heavily injured.
2180:
1225:
2261:
1940:
1406:
1037:
Images of the Byzantine World: Visions, Messages and Meanings : Studies Presented to Leslie Brubaker
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446:. Leo V appointed competent military commanders from among his own comrades-in-arms, including
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with the iron clasps still around his legs. Leo's family (including his mother and his wife,
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388:. When Krum died in spring 814, Leo V defeated the Bulgarians in the environs of Mesembria (
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2431:
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2231:
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2060:
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in order to reassure him of his orthodoxy (Nikephoros being obviously afraid of a possible
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8:
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2312:
2301:
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360:. A further step in preventing future usurpations was the castration of Michael's sons.
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289:, Leo was also of Assyrian/Syrian descent). Leo served in 803 under the rebel general
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1935:
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849:
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after deposing patriarch Nikephoros and convoking a synod at Constantinople in 815.
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51:
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208:
from 813 to 820. He is chiefly remembered for ending the decade-long war with the
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1779:
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1625:
1446:
1416:
1359:
1339:
989:
975:
870:
647:
643:
608:
596:
451:
341:
2091:
2055:
2000:
1893:
1816:
1714:
1708:
1640:
1620:
1374:
1334:
963:
612:
368:
327:
241:, he forced the emperor to abdicate in his favour. He was able to withhold the
234:
181:
486:
When Leo jailed Michael for suspicion of conspiracy, the latter organized the
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2561:
2521:
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1873:
1681:
820:
748:. Vol. 16 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 439–440.
735:
730:
491:
487:
301:. On the other hand, a contemporary source says that one general Leo of the
268:, one of his most trusted generals, who succeeded him on the throne in 820.
44:
2306:
2101:
2033:
2028:
2018:
1841:
1703:
1344:
1189:
1179:
501:
Emperor Leo attending the Christmas celebrations in the St. Stephen chapel.
385:
294:
220:
988:
Talbot, Alice-Mary Maffry (1996). "Life of St. Theodora of Thessalonike".
2170:
2045:
1995:
1920:
1494:
1441:
1384:
761:
357:
19:
This article is about the Byzantine Emperor. For the Armenian King, see
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2141:
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2071:
1983:
1898:
1658:
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1254:
1201:
1164:
828:
651:
466:
455:
412:
381:
302:
265:
99:
76:
1240:
607:. The theory was partly based on the account of his ancestry given by
603:(1933), expressed a theory that Leo V and Theodosia were ancestors of
1973:
1925:
1835:
1822:
1609:
1538:
1511:
1506:
1475:
1421:
1369:
1304:
1299:
796:
552:
All known children of Leo V are traditionally attributed to his wife
408:
229:
219:
A senior general of Armenian origin, Leo distinguished himself under
812:
630:
Adontz' theory has been accepted by several genealogists, including
2241:
2023:
1915:
1868:
1828:
1810:
1730:
1665:
1645:
1615:
1588:
1583:
1568:
1558:
1528:
1436:
1431:
1379:
1354:
1349:
1314:
1279:
1274:
1269:
1264:
842:
Jenkins, Romilly James Heald; America, Medieval Academy of (1987).
556:, a daughter of the patrician Arsaber. Genesius records four sons:
442:, he exiled. He also exiled other bishops that opposed him such as
729:
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
264:
and reinstituted iconoclasm. He was assassinated by supporters of
2175:
1878:
1785:
1698:
1553:
1329:
991:
Holy Women of Byzantium: Ten Saints' Lives in English Translation
654:– almost every emperor that would claim descent from this woman.
639:
604:
389:
336:
298:
282:
541:
1947:
1804:
1686:
1458:
1324:
478:
are no surviving contemporary iconoclast sources of any kind).
563:(Συμβάτιος), renamed Constantine, co-emperor from 814 to 820.
1548:
1319:
1309:
1289:
1111:
Chris Bennett, "The Relationship of Basil I to Leo V" (1995)
1294:
1284:
331:
246:
584:
Theodosios (died in 820). Died soon after his castration.
490:
of the Emperor in the palace chapel of St. Stephen on
966:, Synopsis of Histories (Σύνοψις Ἱστοριῶν), 13. 47–49
567:
and exiled following the assassination of his father.
661:
281:
Leo was the son of the patrician Bardas, who was of
1063:
Byzantium: The Surprising Life of a Medieval Empire
978:, Extracts of History (Επιτομή Ιστοριών), 381. 5–10
403:
The Byzantines crush the Bulgarians near Mesembria.
1106:
1104:
1102:
1100:
1098:
1096:
1094:
797:"Byzantium. The Imperial Centuries, A.D. 610–1071"
2593:
330:and conducted himself well in a war against the
1091:
845:Byzantium: The Imperial Centuries, AD 610–1071
841:
545:Solidus of Leo V with his son and co-emperor,
237:. Taking advantage of Michael's defeat at the
1226:
1033:
794:
334:in 812, defeating the forces of the Cilician
212:, as well as initiating the second period of
795:Seaver, James E.; jenkins, Romilly (1968).
513:The corpse of Leo V is dragged through the
1233:
1219:
601:The age and origins of the emperor Basil I
43:
868:
734:
540:
508:
496:
460:
417:
398:
313:
591:
293:, whom he deserted in favor of Emperor
49:Depiction of Leo from the 12th century
2594:
1060:
987:
1214:
933:, Χρονογραφία (Chronicle), 502. 19–22
888:, Χρονογραφία (Chronicle), 489. 17–21
767:The Chronicle of Theophanes Confessor
760:
438:, whose influential iconodule abbot,
249:and, after Krum's death, concluded a
2677:Byzantine people of Armenian descent
994:. Dumbarton Oaks. pp. 177–178.
579:Patriarch Ignatius of Constantinople
572:Patriarch Ignatius of Constantinople
529:) was exiled to monasteries in the
326:in 811, Leo became governor of the
13:
14:
2693:
1118:
872:Armenia After the Coming of Islam
392:) and the two states concluded a
1034:Lymberopoulou, Angeliki (2011).
722:
718:, Oxford University Press, 1991.
664:
481:
2657:Governors of the Anatolic Theme
2642:Assassinated Byzantine emperors
1079:
1054:
1027:
1015:
981:
969:
957:
948:
936:
848:. University of Toronto Press.
692:
318:Proclamation of Leo as emperor.
204:775 – 25 December 820) was the
2627:9th-century Byzantine emperors
924:
912:
903:
891:
879:
862:
835:
788:
754:
715:Oxford Dictionary of Byzantium
16:Byzantine emperor (813 to 820)
1:
2632:9th-century murdered monarchs
1152:12 July 813 – 25 December 820
954:Scriptor Incertus, 341. 10–11
706:
620:
426:reinstates iconoclasm at the
260:In 815 Leo deposed Patriarch
201:
133:25 December 820 (aged c. 45)
71:12 July 813 – 25 December 820
2672:820s in the Byzantine Empire
2667:810s in the Byzantine Empire
2622:8th-century Byzantine people
869:Chalabian, Antranig (2002).
7:
2637:Armenian Byzantine emperors
2617:9th-century Armenian people
2612:8th-century Armenian people
1065:. Penguin. pp. 51–52.
1040:. Ashgate Publishing, Ltd.
764:, ed. (1997). "A.M. 6305".
657:
536:
10:
2698:
2506:Constantine XI Palaiologos
2457:Andronikos III Palaiologos
2344:Nikephoros III Botaneiates
680:List of Byzantine emperors
454:. He also persecuted the
243:blockade of Constantinople
227:, eventually becoming the
18:
2582:
2514:
2479:Andronikos IV Palaiologos
2447:Andronikos II Palaiologos
2272:Constantine IX Monomachos
1960:
1857:
1740:
1567:
1405:
1253:
1196:
1187:
1176:
1171:
1161:
1145:
1137:
1132:
428:Council of Constantinople
276:
197:
185:
167:
147:
137:
129:
121:
117:
105:
95:
85:
75:
67:
60:
42:
33:
28:
2442:Michael VIII Palaiologos
931:Theophanes the Confessor
886:Theophanes the Confessor
685:
309:
2652:Deaths by blade weapons
2297:Eudokia Makrembolitissa
1931:Tiberius II Constantine
1061:Herrin, Judith (2007).
772:Oxford University Press
745:Encyclopædia Britannica
672:Byzantine Empire portal
271:
2452:Michael IX Palaiologos
1086:Theophanes Continuatus
1022:Theophanes Continuatus
943:Theophanes Continuatus
898:Theophanes Continuatus
636:descent from antiquity
549:
518:
502:
474:
431:
404:
319:
287:Theophanes Continuatus
285:descent (according to
21:Leo V, King of Armenia
2546:Thessalonian emperors
2540:Trapezuntine emperors
2501:John VIII Palaiologos
2496:Manuel II Palaiologos
2467:John VI Kantakouzenos
2383:Andronikos I Komnenos
2220:Constantine Lekapenos
1248:and empresses regnant
1157:Symbatios Constantine
544:
512:
500:
464:
444:Anthony the Confessor
421:
402:
317:
36:Emperor of the Romans
2647:Byzantine Iconoclasm
2484:John VII Palaiologos
2432:Theodore II Laskaris
2292:Constantine X Doukas
2232:Nikephoros II Phokas
592:Possible descendants
440:Theodore the Studite
394:30-year peace in 815
374:siege of the capital
350:Patriarch Nikephoros
346:Battle of Versinikia
344:. Leo survived the
239:Battle of Versinikia
214:Byzantine Iconoclasm
2415:Theodore I Laskaris
2400:Alexios III Angelos
2378:Alexios II Komnenos
2302:Romanos IV Diogenes
2257:Romanos III Argyros
2203:Romanos I Lekapenos
801:The Classical World
632:Christian Settipani
467:Michael the Amorian
448:Michael the Amorian
266:Michael the Amorian
253:with his successor
2534:Britannic emperors
2528:Palmyrene emperors
2462:John V Palaiologos
2405:Alexios IV Angelos
2354:Constantine Doukas
2349:Alexios I Komnenos
2337:Constantine Doukas
2320:Michael VII Doukas
2282:Michael VI Bringas
1848:Romulus Augustulus
1471:Trebonianus Gallus
1464:Herennius Etruscus
1246:Byzantine emperors
1172:Political offices
634:in his search for
550:
523:crowned as emperor
519:
503:
475:
436:Stoudios Monastery
432:
405:
320:
178:Leo V the Armenian
29:Leo V the Armenian
2682:Byzantine consuls
2589:
2588:
2427:John III Vatatzes
2373:Manuel I Komnenos
2112:Michael I Rangabe
1956:
1955:
1798:Petronius Maximus
1397:Severus Alexander
1365:Septimius Severus
1209:
1208:
1197:Succeeded by
1162:Succeeded by
1148:Byzantine Emperor
1001:978-0-88402-248-0
919:Scriptor Incertus
469:before Leo V and
324:Michael I Rangabe
225:Michael I Rangabe
206:Byzantine emperor
175:
174:
62:Byzantine emperor
2689:
2437:John IV Laskaris
2410:Alexios V Doukas
2395:Isaac II Angelos
2361:John II Komnenos
2287:Isaac I Komnenos
2247:Constantine VIII
2237:John I Tzimiskes
1964:Byzantine Empire
1738:
1737:
1235:
1228:
1221:
1212:
1211:
1177:Preceded by
1138:Preceded by
1130:
1129:
1113:
1108:
1089:
1083:
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1076:
1058:
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952:
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922:
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866:
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839:
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832:
792:
786:
785:
758:
749:
728:
726:
725:
700:
696:
674:
669:
668:
667:
625:Krum of Bulgaria
622:
531:Princes' Islands
380:and depopulated
365:Krum of Bulgaria
291:Bardanes Tourkos
247:Krum of Bulgaria
203:
199:
190:Leōn ho Armenios
187:
108:
52:Madrid Skylitzes
47:
26:
25:
2697:
2696:
2692:
2691:
2690:
2688:
2687:
2686:
2592:
2591:
2590:
2585:
2578:
2522:Gallic emperors
2510:
2198:Constantine VII
1979:Constantine III
1966:
1963:
1952:
1861:
1853:
1792:Valentinian III
1780:Constantius III
1774:Priscus Attalus
1758:Constantine III
1744:
1736:
1626:Valerius Valens
1571:
1563:
1409:
1401:
1360:Didius Julianus
1340:Marcus Aurelius
1257:
1249:
1239:
1205:
1200:
1193:
1185:
1183:
1167:
1153:
1151:
1143:
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1116:
1109:
1092:
1084:
1080:
1073:
1059:
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1020:
1016:
1006:
1004:
1002:
986:
982:
976:Joannes Zonaras
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970:
962:
958:
953:
949:
941:
937:
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925:
917:
913:
908:
904:
896:
892:
884:
880:
875:. A. Chalabian.
867:
863:
856:
840:
836:
813:10.2307/4346737
793:
789:
782:
774:. p. 502.
762:Mango, Cyril A.
759:
755:
738:, ed. (1911). "
723:
721:
709:
704:
703:
697:
693:
688:
670:
665:
663:
660:
648:Constantine VII
644:Leo VI the Wise
609:Constantine VII
597:Nicholas Adontz
594:
539:
484:
452:Thomas the Slav
342:Thabit ibn Nasr
312:
279:
274:
186:Λέων ὁ Ἀρμενίος
162:
160:
158:
156:
106:
56:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
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2685:
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2662:Protostratores
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2279:
2277:Theodora (III)
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2168:
2156:
2144:
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2127:
2109:
2104:
2099:
2094:
2092:Constantine VI
2089:
2084:
2068:
2063:
2058:
2056:Theodosius III
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1125:Leo V coinage
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489:
488:assassination
482:Assassination
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32:
27:
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2489:Andronikos V
2487:
2470:
2418:
2386:
2364:
2352:
2335:
2329:
2323:
2311:
2305:
2218:
2212:
2206:
2179:
2162:
2150:
2133:
2129:
2121:
2115:
2102:Nikephoros I
2077:
2076:
2070:
2037:
2034:Justinian II
2029:Tiberius III
2019:Justinian II
2010:
2004:
1987:
1939:
1911:Anastasius I
1902:
1846:
1842:Julius Nepos
1834:
1827:
1815:
1803:
1796:
1784:
1772:
1763:
1762:
1756:
1729:
1720:
1719:
1713:
1704:Theodosius I
1691:
1664:
1657:
1650:
1621:Maximinus II
1608:
1510:
1493:
1480:
1474:
1462:
1450:
1383:
1345:Lucius Verus
1190:Roman consul
1188:
1180:Nikephoros I
1154:
1146:
1081:
1062:
1056:
1036:
1029:
1017:
1005:. Retrieved
990:
983:
971:
959:
950:
938:
926:
921:, 336. 10–12
914:
905:
893:
881:
871:
864:
844:
837:
804:
800:
790:
766:
756:
743:
712:
694:
629:
617:
600:
595:
587:
551:
520:
504:
485:
476:
433:
406:
386:Arcadiopolis
362:
335:
322:Recalled by
321:
295:Nikephoros I
280:
259:
228:
221:Nikephoros I
218:
189:
177:
176:
50:
34:
2602:750s births
2548:(1224–1242)
2542:(1204–1461)
2331:Konstantios
2208:Christopher
2181:Constantine
2171:Michael III
2152:Constantine
2135:Constantine
2117:Theophylact
2046:Philippicus
1996:Constans II
1921:Justinian I
1817:Severus III
1765:Constans II
1519:Claudius II
1495:Silbannacus
1442:Gordian III
1417:Maximinus I
1385:Diadumenian
1184:then lapsed
1024:, 30. 14–15
945:, 18. 19–21
547:Constantine
424:Theodotus I
367:blockading
358:Chalke Gate
154:Constantine
112:Constantine
86:Predecessor
81:12 July 813
2607:820 deaths
2596:Categories
2325:Andronikos
2313:Nikephoros
2262:Michael IV
2227:Romanos II
2147:Theophilos
2142:Michael II
2123:Staurakios
2107:Staurakios
2079:Nikephoros
2072:Artabasdos
1984:Heraclonas
1941:Theodosius
1899:Basiliscus
1659:Nepotianus
1652:Magnentius
1646:Constans I
1599:Severus II
1579:Diocletian
1524:Quintillus
1489:Aemilianus
1482:Volusianus
1427:Gordian II
1392:Elagabalus
1255:Principate
1202:Michael II
1165:Michael II
1088:, 40–41. 7
900:, 11. 3–14
807:(3): 109.
707:References
652:Romanos II
515:Hippodrome
456:Paulicians
422:Patriarch
413:Iconoclasm
382:Adrianople
354:iconoclast
303:Armeniakon
262:Nikephoros
198:Լևոն Ե Հայ
161:Theodosios
107:Co-emperor
100:Michael II
77:Coronation
2567:Classical
2552:Empresses
2536:(286–296)
2530:(267–273)
2524:(260–274)
2267:Michael V
2193:Alexander
2006:Heraclius
1974:Heraclius
1926:Justin II
1836:Glycerius
1823:Anthemius
1693:Procopius
1631:Martinian
1610:Maxentius
1539:Florianus
1512:Saloninus
1507:Gallienus
1476:Hostilian
1452:Philip II
1422:Gordian I
1370:Caracalla
1305:Vespasian
1300:Vitellius
1141:Michael I
821:0009-8418
565:Castrated
561:Symbatios
554:Theodosia
527:Theodosia
471:Theodosia
409:iconodule
407:With the
230:strategos
142:Theodosia
96:Successor
90:Michael I
2562:Usurpers
2557:Augustae
2515:See also
2420:Nicholas
2242:Basil II
2039:Tiberius
2024:Leontius
2012:Tiberius
1989:Tiberius
1967:610–1453
1962:Eastern/
1916:Justin I
1869:Arcadius
1829:Olybrius
1811:Majorian
1752:Honorius
1731:Eugenius
1666:Vetranio
1616:Licinius
1589:Galerius
1584:Maximian
1569:Dominate
1559:Numerian
1529:Aurelian
1502:Valerian
1447:Philip I
1437:Balbinus
1432:Pupienus
1380:Macrinus
1355:Pertinax
1350:Commodus
1315:Domitian
1280:Claudius
1275:Caligula
1270:Tiberius
1265:Augustus
658:See also
537:Children
378:captured
283:Armenian
194:Armenian
2572:Eastern
2472:Matthew
2366:Alexios
2214:Stephen
2176:Basil I
2061:Leo III
1936:Maurice
1879:Marcian
1862:395–610
1786:Joannes
1745:395–480
1699:Gratian
1572:284–610
1554:Carinus
1534:Tacitus
1410:235–285
1330:Hadrian
1199:Lapsed,
1182:in 803,
1007:3 March
829:4346737
733::
699:(1995).
640:Basil I
605:Basil I
390:Nesebar
337:thughur
299:Arsaber
255:Omurtag
233:of the
210:Bulgars
159:Gregory
138:Consort
2334:&
2310:&
2217:&
2188:Leo VI
2164:Thekla
2120:&
2087:Leo IV
2009:&
1948:Phocas
1904:Marcus
1889:Leo II
1805:Avitus
1722:Victor
1687:Valens
1677:Jovian
1672:Julian
1544:Probus
1479:&
1459:Decius
1407:Crisis
1325:Trajan
1204:in 821
1069:
1044:
998:
852:
827:
819:
778:
727:
340:under
277:Origin
171:Bardas
168:Father
125:c. 775
2130:Leo V
2097:Irene
1884:Leo I
1549:Carus
1320:Nerva
1310:Titus
1290:Galba
1242:Roman
1155:with
825:JSTOR
686:Notes
376:, he
363:With
332:Arabs
310:Reign
182:Greek
157:Basil
149:Issue
68:Reign
2486:(w.
2469:(w.
2417:(w.
2388:John
2385:(w.
2363:(w.
2351:(w.
2322:(w.
2304:(w.
2205:(w.
2178:(w.
2161:(w.
2149:(w.
2132:(w.
2114:(w.
2075:(w.
2036:(w.
2003:(w.
1986:(w.
1938:(w.
1901:(w.
1894:Zeno
1761:(w.
1718:(w.
1509:(w.
1473:(w.
1461:(w.
1449:(w.
1382:(w.
1375:Geta
1295:Otho
1285:Nero
1244:and
1194:814
1067:ISBN
1042:ISBN
1009:2024
996:ISBN
850:ISBN
817:ISSN
776:ISBN
713:The
650:and
450:and
384:and
272:Life
223:and
163:Anna
130:Died
122:Born
2307:Leo
2252:Zoe
1498:(?)
809:doi
742:".
458:.
245:by
2598::
2328:,
2211:,
1093:^
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