129:
1708:
569:
930:
rescue them, the two legions at Xanten were forced to surrender in March 70 AD. Not much later, I Germanica and XVI Gallica surrendered as well. It took several months before the new emperor
Vespasian could send a strong Roman army to recover the Rhineland and suppress the Batavian revolt, commanded by his relative
849:
and guarding the confluence of the Rhine and Lippe. Both units took part in the
Germanic campaigns of Germanicus in the first years of the reign of Tiberius. In 43 AD, the twenty-first was replaced by XV Primigenia. At the same time, Xanten was rebuilt. We know that the Fifteenth occupied the eastern
706:. Here, the legion heroically fought against the elephants used by Caesar's republican enemies. This made a great impression, and V Alaudae became the only Caesarian legion known not to have used the bull as its emblem, instead choosing the elephant. This emblem was awarded in 46 BC for this action.
929:
revolted. A Roman expeditionary force, consisting of the remains of V Alaudae and XV Primigenia, was defeated near
Nijmegen, and not much later, these two legions found themselves besieged at Xanten. Although I Germanica, XVI Gallica and a legion from Germania Superior, XXII Primigenia, tried to
934:. The legions XVI Gallica and IIII Macedonica, which had guarded Mainz, were renamed XVI Flavia Firma and IIII Flavia Felix; the remains of I Germanica were added with Galba's Seventh legion and became known as VII Gemina. XV Primigenia and V Alaudae were never reconstituted.
905:, when he proclaimed that he wanted to dethrone Nero. The army of Germania Inferior, which included the Legio V Alaudae marched to the south and defeated Gaius Julius Vindex. Therefore, the army of Germania Inferior acclaimed their own commander,
885:; this canal still exists. Another non-military activity was the production of tiles. Every legion owned and operated a tilery. It is odd to notice that V Alaudae made these objects at Feldkassel, more than 90 kilometers away.
872:
The operation was very successful, but the emperor
Claudius ordered the Romans to keep the Rhine as the empire's frontier. The soldiers were now ordered to build fortifications along the Rhine and dig a canal from
1752:
857:
when he visited the delta of the Rhine. The famous anecdote, told by
Suetonius, about the emperor commanding soldiers to collect shells on the beach, refers to the visit of the fifth to
682:. The unusual, Gaulish surname must refer to the Gallic custom to wear lark's wings on their helmets. The new legion saw its first action during the campaign against the Gallic leader
841:
and the Fifth legion
Alaudae to occupy the fortresses of Germania Inferior and prevent a Germanic raid on Belgica After the disaster, V Alaudae was stationed at Xanten, together with
853:
In 28 CE, the fifth legion suppressed a
Frisian revolt, but the Emperor Tiberius nonetheless allowed the Frisians to be independent. Twelve years later, V Alaudae joined the emperor
822:; at the same time, the V Alaudae were to attack the Marcomanni along the Elbe. It was to be the most grandiose operation that was ever conducted by a Roman army, but a rebellion in
39:
726:. When the two men later decided to cooperate, they defeated the Liberators Brutus and Cassius, who were seeking to restore the Republic after they had killed Caesar, in the
1737:
1742:
597:
1016:
678:. Caesar paid the soldiers from his private purse. Only later was it recognized by the Senate. It is possible the legion was originally named Legio
834:
590:
375:
271:
1101:
1155:
1129:
1009:
187:
163:
762:. While in Gaul the legion may have temporarily lost its standard when its commander Marcus Lollius was defeated by the Germanic
329:
1342:
583:
249:
645:, and was the first Roman legion to comprise non-citizens. Historians disagree whether the legion was destroyed during the
990:
909:, as emperor, and marched on Rome. They were successful, and Vitellius started his reign. However, in the east, general
690:. During the civil war between Caesar and Pompey, the V Alaudae took part in Caesar's invasion of Italy and stayed in
137:
861:. The V Alaudae and XV Primigenia are thought to have been part of the expeditionary force that was led against the
475:
153:
231:
1727:
1294:
1151:
1125:
1005:
830:
345:
306:
257:
695:
461:
394:
182:
1315:
1097:
1757:
1402:
1437:
1335:
931:
280:
734:. Antony employed the legion also during his campaign against Octavian, which culminated in the naval
1392:
1372:
1677:
1442:
779:
731:
490:
145:
893:
In 67 AD, many senators hated Nero. And several governors discussed his removal. Among these were
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1472:
1108:
1065:
926:
866:
1762:
1747:
1687:
1647:
1136:
917:
in northern Italy, and the Rhine army turned out to be no match for the soldiers of
Vespasian.
357:
206:
1692:
1512:
1487:
1328:
1169:
650:
456:
192:
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1279:
1637:
1113:
894:
787:
446:
388:
1310:
1222:
8:
1642:
1622:
1522:
1482:
1382:
1032:
898:
630:
573:
297:
1672:
1587:
1547:
1507:
1427:
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of one of the provinces in Gaul, who supported the governor of
Hispania Tarraconensis,
727:
646:
638:
542:
1652:
1627:
1602:
1597:
1577:
1562:
1532:
1502:
1492:
1477:
1467:
1452:
1422:
1407:
1377:
1367:
1290:
981:
914:
838:
771:
703:
549:
415:
404:
1632:
1617:
1592:
1582:
1572:
1567:
1557:
1552:
1517:
1497:
1462:
1447:
1432:
1417:
1412:
1362:
965:
735:
723:
699:
687:
667:
526:
515:
430:
149:
790:
and it took part in his
Germanic campaigns. The soldiers of V Alaudae crossed the
739:
1682:
1527:
1457:
1397:
842:
747:
520:
498:
441:
1732:
1607:
819:
803:
775:
759:
634:
535:
505:
466:
86:
64:
226:
1721:
1542:
1387:
715:
683:
675:
642:
510:
482:
410:
68:
1351:
1174:
622:
82:
72:
1662:
878:
420:
311:
1657:
815:
811:
626:
451:
216:
172:
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had also decided to make a bid for power; the two armies clashed near
1667:
910:
906:
799:
770:. Although we cannot be precise, it is likely that the transfer from
743:
436:
1612:
882:
862:
858:
854:
823:
763:
738:, where Antony was defeated. Augustus transferred the V Alaudae to
719:
38:
976:
846:
201:
104:
1320:
1753:
Military units and formations established in the 1st century BC
874:
783:
691:
291:
722:, the legion sided with Antony and fought for him in the lost
902:
807:
791:
767:
671:
833:
put an end to Roman ambition to conquer Germania. Commander
795:
698:. The legion did take part in the African campaign against
618:
766:. The battle probably took place in the valley of the
730:. The V Alaudae was there. The legion participated in
613:("Fifth Legion of the Lark"), sometimes also known as
1738:
1st-century BC establishments in the Roman Republic
782:invaded Germania. The legion was transferred to or
1278:
1743:1st-century disestablishments in the Roman Empire
1719:
810:. In 6 CE, several legions marched against king
798:in 9 BCE. For some time, they may have lived at
778:had taken place in 19 BC, when Augustus' friend
1285:. Cambridge: W. Heffer & Sons LTD. p.
709:
1336:
850:half of the base, and the Fifth the western.
591:
845:, keeping an eye on the nearby tribe of the
661:
1343:
1329:
758:After a few years, V Alaudae was moved to
598:
584:
37:
888:
732:Antony's war against the Parthian empire
920:
746:after 30 BC, where it took part in the
1720:
1276:
1084:Aulus Egrilus A.f. A.n. A.pron. Rufus
753:
1324:
1267:
1311:Lendering article on Legio V Alaudae
1261:
1217:
1215:
1213:
1211:
1209:
1207:
1205:
1203:
1201:
1199:
925:Meanwhile, in Germania Inferior the
637:of Rome 49-44 BC). It was levied in
991:Tiberius Plautius Silvanus Aelianus
937:
13:
1248:
718:broke out between Mark Antony and
14:
1774:
1350:
1304:
1196:
748:campaigns against the Cantabrians
694:for some time. It also fought at
56:52 BC until either AD 70 or AD 86
1706:
865:and Chauci by the Roman general
629:founded in 52 BC by the general
567:
127:
1187:
831:Battle of the Teutoburg Forest
1:
1243:
462:Upper Germanic-Rhaetian Limes
1316:Legio V Living History Group
710:The last war of the Republic
376:Frontiers and fortifications
7:
1403:Legio I Macriana liberatrix
1163:
1079:, 34 (1972), pp. 144f
188:Decorations and punishments
47:(simplified reconstruction)
43:Signum of the Fifth Legion
10:
1779:
1438:Legio II Flavia Constantia
1223:"Legio V Alaudae - Livius"
1193:Jones (1992), pp. 138-139.
932:Quintus Petillius Cerialis
826:obstructed its execution.
702:, which culminated in the
666:The legion was founded in
656:
1704:
1393:Legio I Isaura Sagittaria
1373:Legio I Flavia Constantia
1358:
103:, "of the Lark" (using a
93:
78:
60:
52:
36:
29:
21:
1678:Legio XX Valeria Victrix
1443:Legio II Flavia Virtutis
1268:Jones, Brian W. (1992).
1180:
1087:tribunus angusticlavius
806:on the east bank of the
780:Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa
662:Origin and early history
649:in AD 70, or during the
491:Claustra Alpium Iuliarum
476:Danube–Iller–Rhine Limes
146:Military of ancient Rome
1698:Legio XXX Ulpia Victrix
1473:Legio II Traiana Fortis
1109:Gnaeus Domitius Lucanus
1066:tribunus angusticlavius
903:Servius Sulpicius Galba
867:Gnaeus Domitius Corbulo
641:to fight the armies of
574:Ancient Rome portal
1688:Legio XXII Deiotariana
1648:Legio XVI Flavia Firma
1137:Gnaeus Domitius Tullus
877:to the capital of the
839:First legion Germanica
835:Lucius Nonius Asprenas
1728:50s BC establishments
1693:Legio XXII Primigenia
1513:Legio IV Flavia Felix
1488:Legio III Diocletiana
1170:List of Roman legions
1141:tribunus laticlavius
889:Year of Four Emperors
786:by Augustus' stepson
651:First Battle of Tapae
457:Neckar-Odenwald Limes
272:Technological history
1638:Legio XV Apollinaris
1277:Parker, HMD (1971).
1270:The Emperor Domitian
1114:tribunus laticlavius
921:Revolt of the Batavi
895:Lucius Clodius Macer
829:Not much later, the
447:Lower Germanic Limes
346:Strategy and tactics
281:Military engineering
183:Unit types and ranks
32:Legio Quinta Alaudae
1643:Legio XV Primigenia
1623:Legio XII Fulminata
1523:Legio IV Macedonica
1483:Legio III Cyrenaica
1383:Legio I Illyricorum
1090:2nd half of 1st C.
1070:1st half of 1st C.
899:Gaius Julius Vindex
754:Service in Germania
631:Gaius Julius Caesar
442:Lauter Valley Limes
1758:Gallia Narbonensis
1673:Legio XX Siciliana
1588:Legio VIII Augusta
1548:Legio V Macedonica
1508:Legio III Parthica
1428:Legio II Armeniaca
998:between 37 and 43
728:Battle of Philippi
647:Batavian rebellion
543:Limes Tripolitanus
164:Structural history
1715:
1714:
1653:Legio XVI Gallica
1628:Legio XIII Gemina
1603:Legio X Fretensis
1598:Legio X Equestris
1578:Legio VII Claudia
1563:Legio VI Herculia
1533:Legio IV Scythica
1503:Legio III Italica
1493:Legio III Gallica
1478:Legio III Augusta
1468:Legio II Parthica
1453:Legio II Herculia
1423:Legio II Adiutrix
1408:Legio I Maximiana
1378:Legio I Germanica
1368:Legio I Armeniaca
1281:The Roman Legions
1262:Secondary sources
1161:
1160:
1044:legatus legionis
1021:legatus legionis
1017:Cornelius Aquinus
995:legatus legionis
772:Hispania Ulterior
704:Battle of Thapsus
608:
607:
559:
558:
550:Limes Mauretaniae
405:Limes Britannicus
366:
365:
330:Political history
320:
319:
240:
239:
119:
118:
1770:
1710:
1709:
1633:Legio XIV Gemina
1618:Legio XI Claudia
1593:Legio IX Hispana
1583:Legio VII Gemina
1573:Legio VI Victrix
1568:Legio VI Hispana
1558:Legio VI Ferrata
1553:Legio V Parthica
1518:Legio IV Italica
1498:Legio III Isaura
1463:Legio II Italica
1448:Legio II Gallica
1433:Legio II Augusta
1418:Legio I Parthica
1413:Legio I Minervia
1363:Legio I Adiutrix
1345:
1338:
1331:
1322:
1321:
1300:
1284:
1273:
1237:
1236:
1234:
1233:
1219:
1194:
1191:
1062:C.f. C.n. L. Pi
1041:Fabius Fabullus
966:legatus legionis
942:
941:
938:Attested members
794:and reached the
736:Battle of Actium
724:Battle of Mutina
668:Transalpine Gaul
639:Transalpine Gaul
621:Legion"), was a
600:
593:
586:
572:
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570:
431:Limes Germanicus
381:
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358:Infantry tactics
351:
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307:Triumphal arches
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258:Wars and battles
250:Campaign history
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124:
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67:(in the time of
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1773:
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1769:
1768:
1767:
1718:
1717:
1716:
1711:
1707:
1702:
1683:Legio XXI Rapax
1538:Legio V Alaudae
1528:Legio IV Martia
1458:Legio II Isaura
1398:Legio I Italica
1354:
1349:
1307:
1297:
1264:
1251:
1249:Primary sources
1246:
1241:
1240:
1231:
1229:
1221:
1220:
1197:
1192:
1188:
1183:
1166:
1147:Rhine frontier
1121:Rhine frontier
1093:Rhine frontier
1073:Rhine frontier
1050:Rhine frontier
1027:Rhine frontier
1001:Rhine frontier
973:Rhine frontier
962:Cethegus Labeo
940:
923:
891:
756:
712:
688:siege of Alesia
664:
659:
615:Legio V Gallica
611:Legio V Alaudae
604:
568:
566:
561:
560:
555:
527:Limes Sarmatiae
521:Anastasian Wall
499:Pannonian Limes
378:
368:
367:
362:
348:
338:
337:
336:
332:
322:
321:
316:
302:
274:
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263:
262:
252:
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236:
211:
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166:
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128:
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5:
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1665:
1660:
1655:
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1645:
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1620:
1615:
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1608:Legio X Gemina
1605:
1600:
1595:
1590:
1585:
1580:
1575:
1570:
1565:
1560:
1555:
1550:
1545:
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1388:Legio I Iovia
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721:
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685:
684:Vercingetorix
681:
677:
676:Julius Caesar
673:
669:
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643:Vercingetorix
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516:Trajan's Wall
514:
512:
511:Limes Moesiae
509:
507:
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503:
500:
497:
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493:
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488:
487:
484:
483:Norican Limes
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468:
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417:
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411:Antonine Wall
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396:
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377:
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299:
298:Siege engines
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121:Military unit
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69:Julius Caesar
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40:
35:
28:
25:
22:Fifth Legion
20:
1537:
1280:
1272:. Routledge.
1269:
1255:
1230:. Retrieved
1226:
1189:
1175:Roman legion
1150:
1124:
1096:
1076:
1054:
1031:
1004:
980:
924:
892:
871:
852:
828:
757:
713:
679:
665:
614:
610:
609:
548:
541:
534:
525:
489:
429:
403:
387:
290:
110:
100:
83:Roman legion
73:Roman Empire
44:
23:
16:Roman legion
1663:Legio XVIII
1077:Epigraphica
951:Time frame
879:Cananefates
696:Dyrrhachium
421:Saxon Shore
94:Nickname(s)
1722:Categories
1658:Legio XVII
1296:0852700547
1244:References
1232:2020-08-04
869:in 47 AD.
816:Marcomanni
812:Maroboduus
627:Roman army
452:Main Limes
1668:Legio XIX
1254:Tacitus,
1102:1955, 168
1057:, iii.14
1055:Histories
1053:Tacitus,
1033:Histories
1030:Tacitus,
1010:XIV, 3608
954:Province
927:Batavians
911:Vespasian
907:Vitellius
843:XXI Rapax
837:used the
744:Lusitania
716:civil war
680:V Gallica
653:(AD 86).
437:Alb Limes
1613:Legio XI
1164:See also
1156:XI, 5211
1130:XI, 5210
985:, iv.73
883:Voorburg
863:Frisians
859:Lugdunum
855:Caligula
824:Pannonia
800:Oberaden
764:Sugambri
720:Augustus
714:After a
686:and the
635:dictator
617:("Fifth
232:Admirals
207:Generals
138:a series
136:Part of
1256:Annales
982:Annales
977:Tacitus
957:Source
915:Cremona
847:Cugerni
820:Czechia
814:of the
804:Haltern
776:Belgica
657:History
625:of the
202:Auxilia
193:Legions
111:Gallica
105:Gaulish
101:Alaudae
61:Country
45:Alaudae
24:Alaudae
1293:
1144:c. 65
1118:c. 65
1047:69-70
1036:, i.7
1024:68-69
970:c. 28
875:Matilo
788:Drusus
784:Xanten
740:MĂ©rida
692:Apulia
623:legion
619:Gallic
335:
292:Castra
227:Fleets
154:AD 476
150:753 BC
140:on the
87:Marian
71:) and
53:Active
1733:52 BC
1181:Notes
948:Rank
945:Name
808:Rhine
792:Weser
768:Meuse
672:52 BC
395:Walls
389:Limes
312:Roads
107:word)
1291:ISBN
796:Elbe
700:Cato
217:Navy
173:Army
79:Type
1287:110
1152:CIL
1126:CIL
1006:CIL
818:in
802:or
774:to
742:in
674:by
670:in
1724::
1289:.
1225:.
1198:^
1098:AE
979:,
881:,
750:.
152:–
1344:e
1337:t
1330:v
1299:.
1235:.
633:(
599:e
592:t
585:v
89:)
85:(
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