434:
416:
488:
264:
361:
175:
425:
204:
194:
370:
118:
397:
148:
533:
497:
388:
274:
138:
443:
214:
524:
406:
324:
158:
461:
234:
302:
506:
470:
284:
244:
352:
515:
343:
100:
40:
452:
224:
756:, south of Paris. The events of the battle are confused. Both parties claimed the victory. The Count of Charolais remained master of the field. But Louis XI reduced the Burgundian army, then cautiously ordered a strategic retreat during the night, and returned to Paris with a "victorious" army (although his uncle the Count of Maine had fled the battlefield with a third of the royal troops). The king strengthened the capital's faltering authority.
685:
379:
128:
542:
314:
479:
254:
748:, had an army of 30,000 men. At the beginning of hostilities in May and June 1465, he attacked the Bourbonnais center of the country. Then he began a race to the capital against the Breton and Burgundian armies. Before they joined forces, the king decided to confront the Burgundian army led by the Count of Charolais. The
869:
In 1468, Charles the Bold formed a new league with
Charles of France, Duke John of Alençon and Francis II, Duke of Brittany, with the support of Edward IV of England. But Louis XI was strongly supported by the States General at Tours in April, and succeeded in separating Francis II and Charles of
763:
After entering Paris on 18 July, Louis XI organized the defense. The feudal princes besieged Paris. Louis XI left the city on 10 August. He went to Rouen and rallied the royal party, assembled provisions, and returned to Paris on 28 August, with powerful reinforcements. A truce was signed on
864:
Jacques of
Armagnac, Duke of Nemours and Count of La Marche, had been pardoned by the king several times. In 1475, indignant at a new treason, he besieged and took the castle of Carlat. The duke was imprisoned at the Bastille, tried and beheaded in the public square in Paris in
887:
against the Swiss, and Louis was saved from his greatest adversary. He had already taken his revenge on
Charles's allies within France. The great duchy of Burgundy was then absorbed into the kingdom of France. The League of the Public Weal was routed in its every objective.
849:
Louis XI ravaged the castle of
Chaumont of Pierre d'Amboise to punish the Amboise family for supporting the League of the Public Weal. The king pardoned them four years later and even provided some of the funds needed for reconstruction of
759:
However, the king's position weakened after the confrontation, especially as he was unable to prevent the junction, on 19 July, of the
Burgundian and Breton armies, soon joined by the Counts of Armagnac and Albret and the Duke of Lorraine.
853:
In 1465, Charles de Melun, governor of Paris and the
Bastille, succeeded De la Rivière. Convicted for having links with the leaders of the league, he was executed in 1468 in Andelys. His property was confiscated and given to
878:
Both
Charles and Louis were prone to overreaching themselves, and Louis's machinations nearly resulted in military defeat at Charles's hands. However, insurrections in his newly acquired territories of
594:, as a figurehead. The rebels succeeded in attaining concessions from the crown after several months of fighting, though conflict would break out again between the league and the crown in the
764:
September 3, which did not prevent the
Leaguers from taking Pontoise and Rouen. Fighters on both sides did not quite know how to end the conflict. Louis XI pretended to yield.
647:, sought to make the Duchy of Burgundy independent of the French throne. He aspired to forge it into a kingdom of his own between France and Germany, stretching between the
806:(Louis XI had already redeemed these lands from Charles' father, the Duke of Burgundy, for 400,000 crowns), and estates at Boulogne, Guines, Roye, Peronne and Montdidier
861:
In March 1466, Charles of France, already struggling with the Duke of
Brittany, could not deal with Louis XI, and lost Normandy. He fled to the court of Brittany;
622:
had effected an administrative unification of the country. Unlike
Germany, which languished as a miscellany of feudal factions, France emerged from the
802:
Charles of Burgundy, Count of Charolais received for himself and his next heir the towns of the Somme, after which they could be redeemed for 200,000
614:
monarchs, Louis asserted the supremacy of the king within the territory of France. Over the course of the preceding centuries, and during the
17:
1069:
702:
482:
1074:
151:
899:, a later conflict in France from 1485 that also featured a League of the Public Weal fighting against the French king
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419:
591:
706:
409:
433:
1084:
545:
1094:
1064:
446:
400:
415:
737:
To defend himself against the alliance of rebellious nobles arrayed against him, Louis XI allied with
815:
John, Duke of Bourbon, gained Donchery, several lordships in Auvergne, 300 lances, and 100,000 crowns
578:
and an alliance of feudal nobles, organized in 1465 in defiance of the centralized authority of King
473:
455:
1089:
745:
428:
391:
355:
695:
382:
626:
as a centralized state. But this centralization was opposed by the "League of the Public Weal" (
527:
509:
749:
615:
464:
930:"Towns and Princely Rebellion in Fifteenth-Century France: The War of the Public Weal, 1465"
818:
Jacques of Armagnac, Duke of Nemours, received the government of Paris and the Île-de-France
855:
536:
500:
317:
812:
Francis, Duke of Brittany, gained Montfort and Étampes, and the regale in all his demesnes
8:
962:
880:
518:
277:
257:
777:
738:
487:
263:
247:
80:
1043:
1033:
945:
797:
753:
369:
307:
227:
217:
117:
104:
69:
424:
396:
360:
203:
174:
147:
937:
809:
John of Anjou, Duke of Lorraine, the towns of Mouzon, St. Menehould and Neufchâteau
644:
583:
532:
437:
364:
267:
237:
207:
635:
Charles the Bold, as heir to the duke of Burgundy, whose fiefs in France included
373:
193:
884:
830:
A committee of 36 members, led by Dunois, was to reform the abuses of government.
611:
587:
496:
387:
327:
273:
141:
137:
131:
652:
607:
491:
442:
213:
197:
178:
121:
1047:
883:
and Switzerland weakened Charles's efforts. Charles himself was killed in the
523:
405:
323:
157:
1058:
949:
660:
460:
233:
619:
505:
469:
283:
243:
161:
941:
929:
664:
656:
623:
351:
514:
342:
99:
39:
709: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
786:
23 December 1465: Treaty of Caen with the Duke Francis II of Brittany
668:
648:
451:
223:
684:
846:
John II, Duke of Bourbon was appointed Constable of France in 1483;
636:
579:
346:
842:
Louis XI forgave some of the rebels, but some were also punished:
378:
127:
896:
827:
Louis of Luxembourg, Count of Saint-Pol, was made constable, etc.
640:
595:
821:
John, Count of Armagnac, gained various castellanies at Rouergue
541:
313:
663:
on the east. This kingdom would restore the ancient kingdom of
575:
287:
803:
783:
29 October 1465: Treaty of Saint-Maur with individual princes
632:), whose nobles sought to restore their feudal prerogatives.
478:
253:
909:
667:—approximating the former domains of the Frankish Emperor
834:Louis XI did not observe the conditions for long.
998:The Causes of War: Volume III: 1400 CE to 1650 CE
780:with the Count of Charolais and Charles of France
83:, Treaty of Saint-Maur, and Treaty of Caen (1465)
1056:
1024:, Harcourt, Brace and World, Inc., 2nd ed., 1966
969:(New York: W. W. Norton and Company, 1971), 143.
796:Charles of France, Duke of Berry, received the
744:Louis XI, who enjoyed the effective support of
870:France from the Leaguers (Treaty of Ancenis).
752:was fought on 16 July 1465 in the vicinity of
992:
990:
988:
598:of 1485 in a decisive victory for the crown.
1027:
915:
627:
985:
725:Learn how and when to remove this message
674:
606:In keeping with the policies of previous
1030:Philip the Good: The Apogee of Burgundy
1028:Vaughan, Richard; Small, Graem (2010).
14:
1057:
956:
927:
772:Louis XI signed three peace treaties:
639:, and who held the Imperial lands of
574:) was a conflict between the king of
824:Tanneguy du Chastel was made equerry
707:adding citations to reliable sources
678:
24:
582:of France. It was masterminded by
46:Mémoires de Commynes, musée Dobrée
25:
1106:
1032:. Woodbridge: The Boydell Press.
1017:, Chautauqua Century Press, 1896.
586:, Count of Charolais, son of the
401:John of Bourbon, Count of Vendome
392:John of Burgundy, Count of Nevers
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383:Charles of Anjou, Count of Maine
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38:
1015:The Growth of the French Nation
739:Francesco Sforza, Duke of Milan
694:needs additional citations for
1070:1460s establishments in France
1000:, (Hart Publishing, 2017), 26.
980:Louis XI: The Universal Spider
972:
967:Louis XI: The Universal Spider
921:
790:
410:Charles of Artois, Count of Eu
13:
1:
1075:1465 establishments in Europe
934:The English Historical Review
902:
601:
546:Frederick I, Elector Palatine
837:
447:Francis II, Duke of Brittany
7:
891:
741:, and the people of Liège.
655:on the south; and from the
10:
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1007:
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590:, with the king's brother
1022:Europe in the Middle Ages
551:
474:John V, Count of Armagnac
335:
187:League of the Public Weal
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18:League of the Public Weal
916:Vaughan & Small 2010
767:
746:Gaston IV, Count of Foix
572:La guerre du Bien public
429:John II, Duke of Bourbon
356:Gaston IV, Count of Foix
44:Siege of Paris from the
1080:15th-century rebellions
27:1465 conflict in France
675:War of the Public Weal
628:
592:Charles, Duke of Berry
568:War of the Public Weal
528:John I, Duke of Cleves
336:Commanders and leaders
33:War of the Public Weal
996:Alexander Gillespie,
978:Paul Murray Kendall,
928:Murphy, Neil (2024).
651:on the north and the
1085:Rebellions in France
856:Antoine de Chabannes
703:improve this article
629:Ligue du bien public
501:Antoine de Chabannes
318:Electoral Palatinate
1095:Princely rebellions
1065:Feudalism in France
963:Paul Murray Kendall
942:10.1093/ehr/ceae160
750:Battle of Montlhéry
659:on the west to the
510:Charles II d'Albret
483:Louis de Luxembourg
438:Charles of Burgundy
374:René, Duke of Anjou
278:County of Dammartin
258:County of Saint-Pol
778:Treaty of Conflans
616:Hundred Years' War
465:Jacques d'Armagnac
248:County of Armagnac
81:Treaty of Conflans
60:March–October 1465
798:Duchy of Normandy
754:Longpont-sur-Orge
735:
734:
727:
564:
563:
420:Charles de France
308:Duchy of Burgundy
228:Duchy of Lorraine
218:Duchy of Brittany
152:County of Vendôme
105:Kingdom of France
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584:Charles the Bold
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132:County of Maine
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696:verification
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620:French kings
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162:Counts of Eu
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92:Belligerents
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897:The Mad war
791:Concessions
665:Lotharingia
657:Somme River
624:Middle Ages
1059:Categories
1048:1015575845
982:, 265-266.
903:References
602:Background
950:0013-8266
850:Chaumont;
838:Aftermath
715:June 2022
669:Lothair I
649:North Sea
570:(French:
892:See also
881:Lorraine
637:Flanders
608:Capetian
580:Louis XI
552:Strength
347:Louis XI
65:Location
1008:Sources
874:Results
645:Brabant
641:Holland
596:Mad War
1046:
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804:crowns
618:, the
612:Valois
576:France
560:51,000
557:30,000
305:
77:Result
70:France
865:1477.
768:Peace
1044:OCLC
1034:ISBN
946:ISSN
643:and
610:and
566:The
57:Date
938:doi
705:by
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20:)
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