29:
4148:
4099:
7047:
7008:
5733:
4038:
1578:
144:
113:
127:
157:
186:
1921:
1913:
7020:
5745:
4050:
1801:
1590:
7059:
7071:
1898:
2036:, that "the Catholic, Apostolic and Roman Religion is the only religion of the State". The attached financial agreement was accepted as settlement of all the claims of the Holy See against Italy from the loss of temporal power over the Papal States in 1870, though the sum agreed to was actually less than Italy had offered in 1871.
2094:
of 1938 prohibited marriages between Jews and non-Jews, including
Catholics: the Vatican viewed this as a violation of the Concordat, which gave the church the sole right to regulate marriages involving Catholics. Further, Article 34 of the Concordat had also specified that marriages performed by the
2060:
In 1984, the concordat was significantly revised. Both sides declared: "The principle of the
Catholic religion as the sole religion of the Italian State, originally referred to by the Lateran Pacts, shall be considered to be no longer in force." The exclusive state financial support for the Church
2074:
of marriages. The agreement also ended state recognition of knighthoods and titles of nobility conferred by the Holy See, the right of the state to request ecclesiastical honours for those chosen to perform religious functions for the state or the royal household, and the right of the state to
1972:
The Popes knew that Rome was irrevocably the capital of Italy. There was nothing they wanted less than to govern it or be burdened with a papal kingdom. What they wished was independence, a foothold on the earth that belonged to no other
2095:
Catholic Church would always be considered valid by civil authorities: the Holy See understood this to apply to all marriages in Italy celebrated by Roman
Catholic clergy, regardless of the faiths of those being married.
2168:
750 million immediately plus consolidated bearer bonds with a coupon rate of 5% and a nominal value of Lire 1,000 million. It thus paid less than it would have paid, Lire 3.25 million
2924:
1989:
3,250,000. The Holy See refused this settlement, on the grounds that the pope's spiritual jurisdiction required clear independence from any political power, and thereafter each popes considered himself a
2660:
The
Vatican will no longer automatically adopt new Italian laws as its own, a top Vatican official said, citing the vast number of laws Italy churns out, many of which are in odds with Catholic doctrine.
2886:
248:
4522:
2292:
James Brown Scott, "The Treaty between Italy and the
Vatican" in Proceedings of the American Society of International Law at Its Annual Meeting (1921–1969), volume 23, (24–27 April 1929), p. 13
2032:
and to abstention from mediation in a controversy unless specifically requested by all parties. In the first article of the treaty, Italy reaffirmed the principle established in the 1848
5031:
4537:
2575:
5494:
1964:
and annexed in 1870. For the following sixty years, relations between the Papacy and the
Italian government were hostile, and the sovereign rights of the pope became known as the
1726:
as regulating the relations between the state and the
Catholic Church. The treaty was significantly revised in 1984, ending the status of Catholicism as the sole state religion.
6796:
2826:
2463:
5207:
642:
503:
497:
5045:
4512:
4087:
5187:
3842:
3308:
7151:
6685:
5273:
5782:
5283:
5026:
5009:
4580:
4532:
923:
5126:
4127:
2291:
28:
2057:
Constitution of the
Italian Republic, adopted in 1948, states that relations between the State and the Catholic Church "are regulated by the Lateran Treaties".
6992:
6987:
5182:
3393:
1399:
5538:
5464:
5121:
1738:. However, the website of the Holy See presents the financial convention as an annex of the treaty of conciliation, considering the pacts as two documents:
5562:
5268:
1004:
4065:
2860:
1519:
1009:
2218:
The world's smallest sovereign state was born on
February 11, 1929, with the signing of the Lateran Treaty between the Holy See and the Kingdom of Italy
6336:
5816:
5570:
5197:
2930:
2550:
2382:
2078:
In 2008, it was announced that the
Vatican would no longer immediately adopt all Italian laws, citing conflict over right-to-life issues following the
7146:
6711:
5263:
3701:
1734:
The Lateran Pacts are often presented as three treaties: a 27-article treaty of conciliation, a three-article financial convention, and a 45-article
1364:
1148:
5131:
6786:
5192:
2325:
2067:, to which other religious groups, Christian and non-Christian, also have access. As of 2013, there were ten other religious groups with access.
5685:
4994:
4793:
4600:
4122:
4080:
3650:
896:
869:
457:
5202:
4016:
2129:
1784:
1620:
999:
2020:
The agreements included a political treaty which created the state of the Vatican City and guaranteed full and independent sovereignty to the
6096:
5823:
5617:
5177:
4497:
4364:
2964:
2647:
2568:
323:
7136:
5775:
4951:
4137:
3602:
2114:
492:
6369:
5862:
5258:
5004:
4999:
4985:
4590:
4575:
4571:
4338:
2201:
2070:
The revised concordat regulated the conditions under which the state accords legal recognition to church marriages and to ecclesiastical
918:
879:
610:
7106:
6751:
6050:
4073:
3066:
2988:
2977:
1534:
1309:
3420:
2351:
308:
7111:
6504:
5374:
3019:
2474:
1454:
688:
5768:
5253:
5113:
4507:
4273:
7181:
7126:
6198:
6140:
4404:
2119:
1570:
1359:
1143:
994:
936:
849:
430:
2730:
Christianity in a Revolutionary Age: A History of Christianity in the 19th and 20th Century: Vol. 4 The 20th Century in Europe
7121:
5040:
4517:
4444:
4147:
3774:
3541:
1865:
1404:
1163:
365:
1756:
and exemption from expropriation and taxes (owned by the Holy See but located in Italy and not forming part of Vatican City)
6008:
5904:
4202:
4095:
3639:
3476:
2456:
2439:
2422:
2025:
1837:
1324:
630:
462:
7141:
7101:
6870:
6768:
6655:
5649:
5248:
5230:
4815:
4476:
4460:
4313:
4010:
3857:
3676:
2485:
969:
671:
6908:
6210:
5961:
5654:
5364:
4781:
4633:
4439:
4318:
4308:
4132:
4000:
3459:
2751:
1703:
1613:
1219:
545:
487:
370:
2268:
1844:
7176:
6040:
5432:
5293:
5225:
4980:
4481:
4228:
4103:
3521:
2957:
2836:
2805:
2786:
2766:
2719:
1884:
1514:
974:
862:
693:
605:
7096:
6811:
6291:
6181:
5406:
5369:
5288:
4323:
4303:
4248:
4212:
4192:
4162:
3791:
3268:
1549:
1199:
681:
625:
420:
338:
6306:
6230:
5850:
5828:
5594:
5474:
5278:
5141:
5021:
4906:
4595:
4527:
4369:
4298:
4283:
3847:
1818:
1369:
1153:
949:
708:
582:
539:
1985:
and his successors the use of, but not sovereignty over, the Vatican and Lateran Palaces and a yearly income of
1851:
6545:
6164:
5811:
5803:
5791:
5158:
4769:
4419:
4394:
4384:
4374:
4359:
4343:
4288:
4278:
4238:
4207:
4117:
3769:
3526:
3230:
3026:
2874:
1941:
1822:
1158:
989:
931:
520:
415:
410:
7171:
7161:
6840:
6419:
6394:
6003:
5546:
5396:
4667:
4502:
4429:
4424:
4414:
4409:
4389:
4379:
4333:
4328:
4268:
4258:
4187:
4172:
4167:
3579:
3371:
3187:
3083:
1658:
1606:
1464:
1394:
1244:
615:
84:
3328:
2936:
2298:
7186:
7156:
6880:
6399:
6389:
5845:
5016:
4886:
4841:
4810:
4685:
4585:
4434:
4399:
4293:
4263:
4243:
4233:
4177:
3975:
3786:
3481:
3323:
2950:
2006:
1833:
1459:
1059:
884:
620:
385:
6845:
6215:
5988:
5551:
5469:
5427:
4868:
4727:
4560:
4253:
4197:
4182:
3870:
3710:
3566:
3061:
1434:
1299:
1239:
1047:
941:
908:
814:
588:
555:
447:
318:
2332:
1762:
A financial convention agreed on as a definitive settlement of the claims of the Holy See following the
7037:
6854:
5879:
5644:
5449:
5311:
4963:
4876:
3614:
3444:
3431:
3313:
3170:
3003:
2124:
1753:
1389:
1024:
1940:
resisted incorporation into the new nation, even as almost all the other Italian countries joined it;
1759:
Maps of buildings with exemption from expropriation and taxes (but without extraterritorial privilege)
7191:
6913:
6615:
5926:
5626:
5454:
5444:
4005:
3892:
3813:
3796:
3731:
3410:
3338:
3298:
3113:
2816:
1264:
1249:
1229:
1123:
984:
720:
575:
333:
3318:
2909:
7116:
6746:
6321:
5838:
5064:
4928:
4881:
4722:
4717:
3946:
3904:
3631:
3505:
3209:
3148:
2250:
2045:("Road of the Conciliation"), which would symbolically link the Vatican City to the heart of Rome.
1529:
1449:
1379:
1169:
800:
788:
654:
647:
565:
475:
301:
296:
243:
5437:
2637:
1997:
Negotiations for the settlement of the Roman Question began in 1926 between the Holy See and the
6364:
6220:
5947:
5459:
5359:
4787:
4776:
3926:
3715:
3664:
3454:
3415:
3388:
3348:
3135:
3050:
2993:
2041:
2029:
1991:
1949:
1811:
1669:
1565:
1509:
1374:
1334:
1269:
1224:
979:
962:
902:
531:
482:
392:
262:
213:
3154:
2079:
7166:
7091:
6835:
6721:
6434:
5705:
5679:
5093:
4626:
3910:
3803:
3273:
2445:
2071:
1998:
1544:
1339:
1133:
452:
425:
359:
7131:
6731:
6716:
6429:
6286:
6193:
5993:
5976:
5889:
5833:
5533:
5504:
5169:
4946:
4699:
3865:
3830:
3736:
3597:
3536:
3449:
3425:
3381:
3376:
3258:
3165:
3078:
3044:
2428:
2411:
2310:
2061:
was also ended, and replaced by financing through a dedicated personal income tax called the
1723:
1715:
1474:
1344:
1329:
1314:
1274:
1214:
1138:
1128:
1111:
659:
600:
550:
525:
513:
375:
313:
194:
6781:
1858:
6963:
6958:
6953:
6948:
6943:
6938:
6933:
6928:
6923:
6890:
6817:
6660:
6620:
6439:
6341:
6316:
6255:
6060:
6035:
5971:
5527:
5416:
5052:
4911:
4555:
3980:
3835:
3823:
3471:
3464:
3253:
3143:
3103:
3098:
1484:
1419:
1384:
1189:
1116:
1094:
1042:
666:
3686:
2699:
Prisoner of the Vatican: The Popes' Secret Plot to Capture Rome from the New Italian State
2359:
8:
7051:
7012:
6736:
6726:
6675:
6533:
6519:
6379:
6121:
5884:
5737:
5710:
5318:
5149:
4042:
3917:
3779:
3531:
3333:
3303:
2091:
2039:
To commemorate the successful conclusion of the negotiations, Mussolini commissioned the
2005:, and culminated in the agreements of the Lateran Pacts, signed—the Treaty says—for King
1929:
1665:
1582:
1409:
827:
822:
635:
351:
3808:
7024:
6801:
6570:
6494:
6462:
6281:
6250:
6087:
6075:
5936:
5874:
5749:
5556:
5479:
4958:
4054:
3681:
3609:
3398:
3343:
3160:
3093:
2894:
2711:
The Pope and Mussolini: The Secret History of Pius XI and the Rise of Fascism in Europe
2231:
2063:
1594:
1354:
1209:
1014:
700:
6590:
1714:
under the sovereignty of the Holy See. The Italian government also agreed to give the
6970:
6875:
6650:
6636:
6610:
6595:
6499:
6484:
6414:
6404:
6273:
6205:
6106:
6070:
5966:
5484:
5240:
5217:
4834:
4754:
4749:
4689:
4619:
4022:
3970:
3439:
3403:
3214:
3175:
2866:
2832:
2801:
2782:
2762:
2747:
2715:
2452:
2435:
2418:
2174:
2145:
2109:
2033:
1978:
1901:
1711:
1479:
1469:
1319:
1254:
1204:
1054:
507:
328:
273:
226:
55:
1742:
A political treaty recognising the full sovereignty of the Holy See in the State of
6860:
6665:
6645:
6565:
6550:
6449:
6351:
6225:
6065:
6023:
6018:
5998:
5981:
5894:
5695:
4941:
4712:
3899:
3757:
3592:
3486:
3248:
3238:
3224:
3201:
3182:
3036:
2775:
2002:
1945:
1683:
1638:
1429:
1414:
1294:
1279:
1259:
1194:
1079:
173:
131:
2551:"Patti lateranensi, 11 febbraio 1929 - Segreteria di Stato, card. Pietro Gasparri"
6918:
6885:
6829:
6823:
6680:
6585:
6489:
6301:
5795:
5760:
5690:
5085:
4671:
3954:
3818:
3741:
3361:
3290:
3219:
2709:
2139:
2014:
1961:
1905:
1776:
1763:
1504:
1497:
1424:
1234:
1106:
1101:
842:
837:
776:
759:
401:
255:
117:
7075:
6981:
6600:
6575:
6539:
6479:
6472:
6467:
6457:
6311:
6296:
6235:
6111:
6101:
5857:
5391:
5351:
5153:
5097:
4916:
4871:
4759:
4737:
4732:
3696:
3569:
3516:
3263:
3126:
3056:
2931:
Text of the Lateran Pacts, including the financial convention and the concordat
2569:"Agreement between the Italian Republic and the Holy See (English translation)"
2134:
1965:
1699:
1695:
1646:
1539:
1444:
1284:
793:
592:
268:
6174:
2865:(in Italian). Turin: Unione tipografica editori torinese. pp. viii, 693.
2075:
present political objections to the proposed appointment of diocesan bishops.
7085:
6865:
6791:
6757:
6741:
6701:
6384:
6359:
6135:
6045:
6030:
5952:
5622:
5102:
4744:
4707:
4656:
4653:
3887:
3877:
3366:
3278:
3243:
2870:
2856:
2705:
1673:
1662:
1524:
1439:
570:
220:
162:
126:
7063:
6975:
6850:
6706:
6670:
6409:
6331:
6175:
5921:
5916:
5911:
5899:
5499:
5401:
4863:
4798:
4764:
4680:
4663:
3882:
3561:
3491:
3073:
3014:
2973:
2490:
2486:"How the Vatican built a secret property empire using Mussolini's millions"
2276:
2165:
2054:
2010:
1986:
1982:
1933:
1743:
1719:
1707:
1691:
1349:
1289:
1019:
764:
436:
286:
232:
203:
185:
112:
51:
249:
Fundamental Statute for the Secular Government of the States of the Church
6776:
6605:
6580:
6555:
6528:
6515:
6424:
6326:
6013:
5717:
4936:
4825:
4676:
3644:
3587:
1304:
1074:
1068:
781:
2942:
1952:
did not come to pass. The nascent Kingdom of Italy invaded and occupied
6560:
6145:
5700:
4898:
2937:
Italian law executing the Lateran Pacts, with the text and annexed maps
1825: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
752:
1920:
5606:
5421:
5069:
4968:
4565:
3619:
2383:
Pacts between the Holy See and the Kingdom of Italy, 11 February 1929
2104:
1912:
1772:
1735:
874:
1897:
1800:
7019:
6374:
6128:
6116:
5744:
4852:
4642:
4098:
4049:
3932:
2998:
2021:
1916:
Territory of Vatican City State, established by the Lateran Accords
1687:
1589:
771:
149:
6631:
6245:
5867:
2642:
1953:
1937:
238:
2798:
Vicars of Christ: Popes, Power, and Politics in the Modern World
2781:. New York; Chicago; San Francisco: Holt, Rinehart and Winston.
2400:
1956:(the eastern portion of the Papal States) in 1860, leaving only
6797:
Pope Pius XII 1942 consecration to the Immaculate Heart of Mary
6240:
6150:
6055:
5057:
740:
2828:
Under His Very Windows: The Vatican and the Holocaust in Italy
1746:, which was thereby established, accompanied by four annexes:
2744:
The Vatican and Italian Fascism, 1929–32: A Study in Conflict
2414:
The Vatican and Italian Fascism, 1929–32: A Study in Conflict
1957:
1064:
5450:
Palace of the Congregation for the Evangelization of Peoples
3134:
5332:
4860:
4660:
4611:
3558:
3010:
1678:
747:
80:
33:
Vatican and Italian delegations prior to signing the treaty
2862:
Commento della nuova legislazione in materia ecclesiastica
2237:(Tenth ed.). Bedford/St. Martin's. 2010. p. 900.
1960:
in the pope's domains. Latium, including Rome itself, was
6686:
Dechristianization of France during the French Revolution
3691:
560:
5567:
House of Retreat for the Clergy of Saints John and Paul
2821:, (New York, P. F. Collier & Son Corporation, 1935)
2814:
Suzzallo, Henry, Ph.D., Sc.D., LL.D., Editor in Chief,
2017:, on 11 February 1929. It was ratified on 7 June 1929.
1904:
was the right-hand man to Pius XI's Secretary of State
1698:. The treaty and associated pacts were named after the
7035:
6717:
Dogma of the Immaculate Conception of the Virgin Mary
102:
Ratification by the Holy See and the Kingdom of Italy
5460:
Palace of the Congregation for the Oriental Churches
2854:
1722:. In 1948, the Lateran Treaty was recognized in the
1706:
ratified them on 7 June 1929. The treaty recognised
1702:
where they were signed on 11 February 1929, and the
1005:
Administration of the Patrimony of the Apostolic See
5635:
5517:
3394:
Santa Maria della Pietà in Camposanto dei Teutonici
2759:
The Papacy in the Age of Totalitarianism, 1914–1958
2505:
Vatican Journal, p. 59 (entry dated June 14, 1931).
1400:
Santa Maria della Pietà in Camposanto dei Teutonici
1010:
Prefecture for the Economic Affairs of the Holy See
5790:
2777:The Vatican in the Age of the Dictators, 1922–1945
2774:
2230:
2299:"Holy See (Vatican City) Government Profile 2017"
1365:Postage stamps and postal history of Vatican City
1149:Postage stamps and postal history of Vatican City
7083:
6787:Persecutions of the Catholic Church and Pius XII
4581:Heads of the diplomatic missions of the Holy See
2638:"Vatican ends automatic adoption of Italian law"
4601:Section for Relations with States (Roman Curia)
2246:
2244:
897:Section for Relations with States (Roman Curia)
458:Corps of Firefighters of the Vatican City State
2401:"End of Roman Question: Lateran Treaty Signed"
2142:, treaty between the Holy See and Nazi Germany
2130:Public funding of the Catholic Church in Italy
1785:public funding of the Catholic Church in Italy
5776:
5618:Pontificio Collegio Urbano de Propaganda Fide
4627:
4081:
2958:
2574:. The American Society of International Law.
2311:"CIA Factbook, 'Holy See (Vatican City)&"
1676:
1614:
7152:Treaties of the Kingdom of Italy (1861–1946)
2241:
2115:List of sovereigns of the Vatican City State
1749:A map of the territory of Vatican City State
907:Undersecretaries for Relations with States:
493:Pontifical Commission for Vatican City State
5046:Permanent Observer to the Council of Europe
4591:Multilateral foreign policy of the Holy See
2679:
2677:
2080:trial and ruling of the Eluana Englaro case
1981:of 1871, the Italian government offered to
1718:financial compensation for the loss of the
919:List of diplomatic missions of the Holy See
611:List of diplomatic missions of the Holy See
6802:Dogma of the Assumption of the Virgin Mary
6752:Prayer of Consecration to the Sacred Heart
5783:
5769:
4634:
4620:
4088:
4074:
2965:
2951:
2540:The National Encyclopedia, Vol. 10, p. 266
2196:
2194:
2001:government of Italy led by Prime Minister
1994:". The Lateran Treaty ended this impasse.
1621:
1607:
1535:Restoration of the Sistine Chapel frescoes
16:1929 treaty between Italy and the Holy See
3421:Santi Martino e Sebastiano degli Svizzeri
2972:
1885:Learn how and when to remove this message
1754:buildings with extraterritorial privilege
309:History of the Catholic Church since 1962
5375:Basilica of Saint Paul Outside the Walls
2831:. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
2824:
2795:
2674:
1919:
1911:
1896:
1455:Saints Martin and Sebastian of the Swiss
2704:
2529:The Vatican in the Age of the Dictators
2191:
1310:Papal tombs in Old St. Peter's Basilica
153:
7084:
2772:
2635:
2581:from the original on 22 September 2020
2177:, which the Holy See had not accepted.
2120:Index of Vatican City-related articles
1908:during the Lateran Treaty negotiations
1360:Papal Concert to Commemorate the Shoah
1144:Papal Concert to Commemorate the Shoah
850:Prefecture of the Pontifical Household
431:Code of Canons of the Eastern Churches
5764:
5112:
4615:
4069:
2946:
2739:(New York: Farrar, Straus and Cudahy)
1405:Vatican Advanced Technology Telescope
1164:Pontifical Academy of Social Sciences
901:Secretary for Relations with States:
366:Fundamental Law of Vatican City State
7147:Treaties of the Holy See (1870–1929)
3856:
2608:Articles 41–42 of the 1929 concordat
2269:"Text of the Lateran Treaty of 1929"
2034:Constitution of the Kingdom of Italy
2024:. The Pope was pledged to perpetual
1823:adding citations to reliable sources
1794:
1783:The treaty defines only part of the
463:Corps of Gendarmerie of Vatican City
7137:Treaties entered into force in 1929
6656:Suppression of the Society of Jesus
5650:Basilica of Saint Francis of Assisi
2701:(Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company).
2448:Encyclopedia of World Constitutions
2326:"La Chiesa cattolica e il fascismo"
970:Institute for the Works of Religion
950:The Holy See and the United Nations
13:
6211:Archbasilica of Saint John Lateran
5655:Basilica of Saint Anthony of Padua
5365:Archbasilica of Saint John Lateran
2636:Elgood, Giles (31 December 2008).
2599:Article 8 of the revised concordat
1520:Collection of Modern Religious Art
546:List of newspapers in Vatican City
488:Association of Vatican Lay Workers
371:Capital punishment in Vatican City
14:
7203:
7107:Political history of Vatican City
5433:Pontifical North American College
4995:Section for Relations with States
4104:Foreign relations of the Holy See
3702:Postage stamps and postal history
2918:
2732:(1961), pp. 32–35, 153, 156, 371.
2650:from the original on 9 March 2021
2433:(Manchester University Press 1995
1775:regulating relations between the
1515:Gallery of Sistine Chapel ceiling
975:Telephone numbers in Vatican City
870:Section for Relations with States
606:Foreign relations of the Holy See
561:.va (Vatican City internet sites)
7069:
7057:
7045:
7018:
7006:
6337:Fourth Council of Constantinople
6292:Second Council of Constantinople
5743:
5731:
5127:Extraordinary general assemblies
4146:
4128:Democratic Republic of the Congo
4097:
4048:
4036:
3843:Philatelic and Numismatic Office
2626:Article 19 of the 1929 concordat
2617:Article 15 of the 1929 concordat
2416:(Cambridge University Press 2005
2251:Constitution of Italy, Article 7
2164:The Italian state agreed to pay
1799:
1588:
1576:
1200:Basilica di Santa Maria Maggiore
631:Holy See–United States relations
339:Vatican City during World War II
184:
155:
142:
125:
111:
27:
7112:History of Catholicism in Italy
6307:Third Council of Constantinople
6231:First Council of Constantinople
5595:Papal Palace of Castel Gandolfo
5495:Pontifical Oratory of San Paolo
5475:Pontifical Minor Roman Seminary
5274:Latina-Terracina-Sezze-Priverno
4523:Organization of American States
2735:McCormick, Anne O'Hare (1957).
2665:
2629:
2620:
2611:
2602:
2593:
2561:
2543:
2534:
2521:
2013:by Cardinal Secretary of State
1810:needs additional citations for
1766:of its territories and property
1370:Public holidays in Vatican City
1220:Fountains of St. Peter's Square
1154:Public holidays in Vatican City
1000:Financial Information Authority
6546:Dissolution of the monasteries
5812:History of the Catholic Church
5284:Sora-Cassino-Aquino-Pontecorvo
3231:Stufetta del cardinal Bibbiena
3027:Vicar General for Vatican City
2746:. Cambridge University Press.
2508:
2499:
2388:
2376:
2256:
2223:
2158:
1159:Pontifical Academy of Sciences
990:Rail transport in Vatican City
932:Vatican and Holy See passports
521:Secretariat for Communications
416:Tribunal of Vatican City State
411:Temporal power of the Holy See
1:
7182:Legal history of Vatican City
6420:Fourth Council of the Lateran
6395:Second Council of the Lateran
6004:Apostles in the New Testament
5547:Pontifical Oriental Institute
3188:Monument to the Royal Stuarts
3084:Santo Stefano degli Ungheresi
2184:
2085:
2048:
1932:in the mid-19th century, the
1465:Santo Stefano degli Ungheresi
1245:Monument to the Royal Stuarts
726:President: G. di Sanguinetto
6534:Catholic Counter-Reformation
6400:Third Council of the Lateran
6390:First Council of the Lateran
5846:Catholic ecumenical councils
5370:Basilica of Saint Mary Major
4641:
4586:Legal status of the Holy See
4538:Observer to the UN in Geneva
3482:Santo Stefano degli Abissini
2233:A History of Western Society
2007:Victor Emmanuel III of Italy
1944:'s dream of proclaiming the
1694:to settle the long-standing
1460:Santo Stefano degli Abissini
1060:Coat of arms of Vatican City
626:Holy See–Palestine relations
540:L'Osservatore della Domenica
386:Legal status of the Holy See
7:
5552:Pontifical Lombard Seminary
5428:Pontifical Urban University
5122:Ordinary general assemblies
4869:Cardinal Secretary of State
4561:Cardinal Secretary of State
3871:Vatican Information Service
3711:Secretariat for the Economy
3567:Cardinal Secretary of State
3309:Modern and Contemporary Art
2761:. Oxford University Press.
2728:Latourette, Kenneth Scott.
2714:. Oxford University Press.
2098:
1653:) was one component of the
1435:Cardinal Secretary of State
1240:Mater Ecclesiae (monastery)
995:Secretariat for the Economy
885:Status in international law
880:Multilateral foreign policy
643:Governorate of Vatican City
556:Vatican Information Service
448:LGBT rights in Vatican City
319:Roman Historical Institutes
10:
7208:
7142:Treaties concluded in 1929
7102:Government of Vatican City
5880:History of the Roman Curia
5645:Basilica of the Holy House
5269:Frosinone-Veroli-Ferentino
4677:Sovereignty and government
4001:Amateur Sports Association
3445:San Pellegrino in Vaticano
3372:Sant'Anna dei Palafrenieri
2925:Text of the Lateran Treaty
2796:Riccards, Michael (1998).
2737:Vatican Journal: 1921–1954
2697:Kertzer, David I. (2004).
2690:
2125:Properties of the Holy See
1790:
1729:
1395:Sant'Anna dei Palafrenieri
1390:San Pellegrino in Vaticano
1025:Properties of the Holy See
65:11 February 1929
7127:Italy–Vatican City border
7001:
6901:
6767:
6694:
6629:
6616:European wars of religion
6513:
6448:
6350:
6272:
6163:
6086:
5946:
5935:
5927:Eastern Catholic Churches
5802:
5726:
5671:
5602:Gardens of the Villa Cybo
5585:
5455:Palace of the Holy Office
5445:Palazzo della Cancelleria
5417:Palace of Saint Callixtus
5387:
5350:
5340:
5329:
5310:
5239:
5216:
5168:
5140:
5084:
4979:
4927:
4897:
4851:
4824:
4698:
4686:Sovereign judicial entity
4649:
4548:
4490:
4469:
4453:
4352:
4221:
4155:
4144:
4110:
4031:
3993:
3963:
3945:
3893:Vatican Television Center
3765:
3756:
3724:
3672:
3663:
3630:
3578:
3551:
3513:
3504:
3411:Mater Ecclesiae Monastery
3289:
3200:
3125:
3121:
3112:
3035:
2984:
2817:The National Encyclopedia
2757:Pollard, Jonh F. (2014).
2742:Pollard, John F. (2005).
2450:(Infobase Publishing 2006
1657:, agreements between the
1250:Palace of the Holy Office
1230:Geography of Vatican City
1124:Languages of Vatican City
985:Transport in Vatican City
714:President: Pio Vito Pinto
616:Holy See–Israel relations
576:Vatican Television Center
334:Vatican Historical Museum
169:
137:
106:
98:
90:
76:
61:
46:
38:
26:
7177:Interwar-period treaties
7122:Holy See–Italy relations
6747:Mary of the Divine Heart
6370:Clash against the empire
6322:Second Council of Nicaea
6216:Old St. Peter's Basilica
5543:Archaeological Institute
4728:Old St. Peter's Basilica
4723:Patrimony of Saint Peter
4718:History of papal primacy
4123:Central African Republic
3905:Vatican Publishing House
3210:Redemptoris Mater Chapel
3062:Old St. Peter's Basilica
2825:Zuccotti, Susan (2002).
2773:Rhodes, Anthony (1974).
2151:
1530:Redemptoris Mater Chapel
1450:Redemptoris Mater Chapel
1300:Old St. Peter's Basilica
1170:The Story of the Vatican
801:Universi Dominici gregis
789:Universi Dominici Gregis
655:Military of Vatican City
648:Governor of Vatican City
621:Holy See–Italy relations
566:Vatican Publishing House
535:(Vatican City newspaper)
302:2010 Vatican sex scandal
297:Governor of Vatican City
244:Congregation for Borders
193:This article is part of
7097:Modern history of Italy
7013:Vatican City portal
6365:Investiture Controversy
6221:First Council of Nicaea
5738:Vatican City portal
5470:Palace of the Vicariate
5264:Civitavecchia-Tarquinia
4788:Prisoner in the Vatican
4777:Investiture Controversy
4043:Vatican City portal
3455:Via della Conciliazione
3051:Prisoner in the Vatican
2800:. New York: Crossroad.
2516:Prisoner of the Vatican
2202:"Vatican City turns 91"
2072:declarations of nullity
2042:Via della Conciliazione
2030:international relations
1992:prisoner in the Vatican
1977:Under the terms of the
1583:Vatican City portal
1510:Vatican Gallery of Maps
1375:Vatican Secret Archives
1335:Via della Conciliazione
1225:Gardens of Vatican City
980:Tourism in Vatican City
476:Politics and government
437:Apostolic Constitution
393:Alperin v. Vatican Bank
263:Prisoner in the Vatican
7025:Catholicism portal
6836:Second Vatican Council
6722:Our Lady of La Salette
6529:Protestant Reformation
6516:Protestant Reformation
6435:Second Council of Lyon
5824:Ecclesiastical history
5750:Catholicism portal
5706:Apostolic Penitentiary
5680:Acta Apostolicae Sedis
5627:Santa Maria di Galeria
4952:For Vatican City State
4491:Multilateral relations
4365:Bosnia and Herzegovina
4055:Catholicism portal
4017:National football team
4011:National football team
3911:Acta Apostolicae Sedis
3603:For Vatican City State
2857:Alfredo Rocco, Alfredo
2683:Zuccotti, 2000, p. 48.
2671:Zuccotti, 2000, p. 37.
2468:, volume 99:3, p. 590"
1975:
1925:
1917:
1909:
1779:and the Italian state.
1677:
1650:
1642:
1595:Catholicism portal
1545:Sistine Chapel ceiling
1340:Vatican Climate Forest
1265:Saint Peter's Basilica
1134:Vatican Christmas Tree
453:Pontifical Swiss Guard
426:1983 Code of Canon Law
360:Acta Apostolicae Sedis
121:(on behalf of Pius XI)
6732:First Vatican Council
6430:First Council of Lyon
6194:Constantine the Great
5890:Christian monasticism
5534:San Carlo ai Catinari
5505:Paul VI Audience Hall
5491:Benedictine monastery
5438:Bambino Gesù Hospital
5208:Sabina-Poggio Mirteto
4570:Diplomatic missions:
4138:Republic of the Congo
3866:Holy See Press Office
3651:Corps of Firefighters
3426:Paul VI Audience Hall
3377:Domus Sanctae Marthae
3149:St. Peter's Baldachin
3079:Cortile del Belvedere
3045:History of the papacy
2927:(English translation)
2405:lactualite.tripod.com
2009:by Mussolini and for
1970:
1923:
1915:
1900:
1724:Constitution of Italy
1716:Roman Catholic Church
1655:Lateran Pacts of 1929
1475:Cortile del Belvedere
1380:St. Peter's Baldachin
1315:Paul VI Audience Hall
1215:Domus Sanctae Marthae
1139:Sport in Vatican City
1129:Women in Vatican City
1112:Music of Vatican City
601:Fabric of Saint Peter
551:Vatican Radio lawsuit
526:Holy See Press Office
514:Pontifical Commission
376:Crime in Vatican City
314:History of the Papacy
7172:February 1929 events
7162:1929 in Vatican City
6909:Sexual abuse scandal
6818:Mit brennender Sorge
6661:Age of Enlightenment
6440:Bernard of Clairvaux
6317:Byzantine Iconoclasm
6256:Council of Chalcedon
6036:Council of Jerusalem
5905:Role in civilization
5885:Religious institutes
5817:By country or region
5360:St. Peter's Basilica
5053:Apostolic nunciature
4912:College of Cardinals
4907:Secretariat of State
4596:Secretariat of State
4556:Apostolic nunciature
4339:United Arab Emirates
3927:L'Osservatore Romano
3836:Sistine Chapel Choir
3640:Corps of Gendarmerie
3465:Porta San Pellegrino
3416:Sant'Egidio in Borgo
3144:Chair of Saint Peter
3136:St. Peter's Basilica
3104:Piazza Scossacavalli
1950:St. Peter's Basilica
1930:unification of Italy
1819:improve this article
1485:Porta San Pellegrino
1420:Bibliotheca Palatina
1270:Saint Peter's Square
1190:Apostolic nunciature
1117:Sistine Chapel Choir
667:College of Cardinals
583:Secretariat of State
532:L'Osservatore Romano
7187:Victor Emmanuel III
7157:Law of Vatican City
6737:Papal infallibility
6727:Our Lady of Lourdes
6676:Shimabara Rebellion
6520:Counter-Reformation
5711:Apostolic Signatura
5539:Collegio Bellarmino
5411:Adjoining buildings
4986:Multilateral policy
3918:Annuario Pontificio
3770:Academy of Sciences
3329:Gregoriano Egiziano
2855:Jacuzio, Raffaele;
2466:Law Library Journal
2352:"Scopri StoriaLive"
2092:Italian racial laws
1924:Map of Vatican City
1666:Victor Emmanuel III
1410:Vatican Observatory
1184:Buildings/geography
1048:List of Papal flags
636:Papal apocrisiarius
23:
6782:Our Lady of Fátima
6571:Ignatius of Loyola
6495:Catherine of Siena
6463:Pope Boniface VIII
6282:Benedict of Nursia
6251:Council of Ephesus
6088:Ante-Nicene period
6041:Split with Judaism
5875:Crusading movement
5480:Collegio Teutonico
5397:Lateran University
5241:Suffragan dioceses
5218:Territorial abbeys
5188:Porto-Santa Rufina
5170:Suburbicarian sees
5132:Special assemblies
5027:Permanent Observer
4533:Observer to the UN
3682:Vatican euro coins
3477:Saint John's Tower
3450:St. Peter's Square
3399:Collegio Teutonico
3382:Holy Spirit Chapel
3344:Bramante Staircase
3324:Gregoriano Etrusco
3166:Saint Peter's tomb
3161:Vatican Necropolis
3020:List of sovereigns
2939:(original Italian)
2933:(original Italian)
2494:, 21 January 2013.
2362:on 11 October 2013
2338:on 29 October 2013
2303:www.indexmundi.com
2208:. 11 February 2020
1948:from the steps of
1926:
1918:
1910:
1704:Italian parliament
1651:Pacta Lateranensia
1355:Vatican Necropolis
1325:Torre San Giovanni
1275:Saint Peter's tomb
1210:Bramante Staircase
1173:, 1941 documentary
1015:Vatican euro coins
796:(Papal elections)
701:Dominique Mamberti
694:Court of Cassation
21:
7033:
7032:
6993:COVID-19 pandemic
6971:Pope Benedict XVI
6876:Pope John Paul II
6651:Pope Benedict XIV
6637:French Revolution
6621:Thirty Years' War
6611:Robert Bellarmine
6596:John of the Cross
6500:Pope Alexander VI
6485:Council of Vienne
6415:Francis of Assisi
6405:Pope Innocent III
6274:Early Middle Ages
6268:
6267:
6264:
6263:
6206:Arian controversy
6159:
6158:
6107:Apostolic Fathers
5758:
5757:
5667:
5666:
5663:
5662:
5625:antennae area of
5616:Summer estate of
5581:
5580:
5513:
5512:
5485:Teutonic Cemetery
5383:
5382:
5346:
5345:
5342:
5323:
5306:
5305:
5302:
5301:
5259:Civita Castellana
5162:
5106:
5080:
5079:
4845:
4782:Age of Revolution
4755:Donation of Pepin
4750:Donation of Sutri
4690:international law
4609:
4608:
4513:Council of Europe
4063:
4062:
4023:Vatican Athletics
3989:
3988:
3941:
3940:
3797:Apostolic Archive
3752:
3751:
3659:
3658:
3522:Foreign relations
3500:
3499:
3472:Ricciolo d'Italia
3440:Passetto di Borgo
3404:Teutonic Cemetery
3357:
3356:
3215:Borgia Apartments
3196:
3195:
3176:Tomb of the Julii
2902:External link in
2706:Kertzer, David I.
2446:Gerhard Robbers,
2412:John F. Pollard,
2395:Multiple sources:
2263:Multiple sources:
2175:Law of Guarantees
2173:, under the 1871
2146:Religion in Italy
2110:Law of Guarantees
1979:Law of Guarantees
1902:Francesco Pacelli
1895:
1894:
1887:
1869:
1712:independent state
1643:Patti Lateranensi
1631:
1630:
1551:The Last Judgment
1480:Passetto di Borgo
1470:Teutonic Cemetery
1320:Tomb of the Julii
1255:Palazzi Pontifici
1205:Borgia Apartments
937:Visa requirements
909:Antoine Camilleri
863:Foreign relations
808:Recent conclaves
508:Giuseppe Bertello
329:Vatileaks scandal
274:Law of Guarantees
227:Donation of Pepin
179:
178:
122:
56:Italian Peninsula
50:Establishment of
7199:
7192:Benito Mussolini
7074:
7073:
7072:
7062:
7061:
7060:
7050:
7049:
7048:
7041:
7023:
7022:
7011:
7010:
7009:
6988:Patriarch Kirill
6861:Pope John Paul I
6666:Anti-clericalism
6646:Pope Innocent XI
6566:Society of Jesus
6551:Council of Trent
6505:Age of Discovery
6450:Late Middle Ages
6352:High Middle Ages
6342:East–West Schism
6226:Pope Sylvester I
6172:
6171:
6161:
6160:
6071:General epistles
6066:Pauline epistles
5999:John the Baptist
5982:Great Commission
5944:
5943:
5895:Catholic culture
5785:
5778:
5771:
5762:
5761:
5748:
5747:
5736:
5735:
5734:
5638:extraterritorial
5633:
5632:
5611:Adjacent gardens
5571:Nympheum of Nero
5520:extraterritorial
5515:
5514:
5407:Sancta Sanctorum
5385:
5384:
5348:
5347:
5341:
5338:
5337:
5327:
5326:
5315:
5166:
5165:
5147:
5144:province of Rome
5110:
5109:
5091:
4942:Apostolic Camera
4849:
4848:
4831:
4713:Primacy of Peter
4636:
4629:
4622:
4613:
4612:
4461:Papua New Guinea
4274:Kurdistan Region
4150:
4102:
4101:
4090:
4083:
4076:
4067:
4066:
4053:
4052:
4041:
4040:
4039:
3900:Vatican News App
3854:
3853:
3763:
3762:
3670:
3669:
3593:Apostolic Camera
3511:
3510:
3487:Vatican Pharmacy
3432:The Resurrection
3249:Niccoline Chapel
3239:Cappella Paolina
3225:Papal apartments
3202:Apostolic Palace
3183:Vatican Grottoes
3132:
3131:
3123:
3122:
3119:
3118:
2967:
2960:
2953:
2944:
2943:
2913:
2907:
2906:
2900:
2898:
2890:
2884:
2882:
2873:. Archived from
2848:Archival sources
2842:
2811:
2792:
2780:
2725:
2684:
2681:
2672:
2669:
2663:
2662:
2657:
2655:
2633:
2627:
2624:
2618:
2615:
2609:
2606:
2600:
2597:
2591:
2590:
2588:
2586:
2580:
2573:
2565:
2559:
2558:
2547:
2541:
2538:
2532:
2525:
2519:
2512:
2506:
2503:
2497:
2481:
2479:
2473:. Archived from
2472:
2457:978-0-81606078-8
2440:978-0-71904004-7
2423:978-0-52102366-5
2408:
2392:
2386:
2380:
2374:
2371:
2369:
2367:
2358:. Archived from
2356:www.pbmstoria.it
2347:
2345:
2343:
2337:
2331:. Archived from
2330:
2321:
2319:
2317:
2306:
2288:
2286:
2284:
2275:. Archived from
2260:
2254:
2248:
2239:
2238:
2236:
2227:
2221:
2220:
2215:
2213:
2198:
2178:
2162:
2003:Benito Mussolini
1946:Kingdom of Italy
1890:
1883:
1879:
1876:
1870:
1868:
1834:"Lateran Treaty"
1827:
1803:
1795:
1684:Benito Mussolini
1682:
1659:Kingdom of Italy
1623:
1616:
1609:
1593:
1592:
1581:
1580:
1579:
1430:Cappella Paolina
1415:Vatican Pharmacy
1345:Vatican Heliport
1295:Niccoline Chapel
1280:Lateran Basilica
1260:Papal Apartments
1195:Apostolic Palace
1080:Papal coronation
818:
709:Court of Appeals
677:
442:
292:
188:
181:
180:
165:
161:
159:
158:
148:
146:
145:
132:Benito Mussolini
130:
129:
120:
116:
115:
72:
70:
42:Bilateral treaty
31:
24:
20:
7207:
7206:
7202:
7201:
7200:
7198:
7197:
7196:
7117:History of Rome
7082:
7081:
7080:
7070:
7068:
7058:
7056:
7046:
7044:
7036:
7034:
7029:
7017:
7007:
7005:
6997:
6919:World Youth Day
6897:
6886:World Youth Day
6830:Pacem in terris
6824:Pope John XXIII
6763:
6690:
6681:Edict of Nantes
6639:
6635:
6625:
6591:Teresa of Ávila
6586:Tridentine Mass
6522:
6518:
6509:
6490:Knights Templar
6444:
6346:
6302:Gregorian chant
6260:
6186:
6183:
6180:
6178:
6167:
6155:
6082:
5951:
5939:
5931:
5798:
5796:Catholic Church
5789:
5759:
5754:
5742:
5732:
5730:
5722:
5691:Papal household
5659:
5637:
5631:
5587:
5577:
5563:Sant'Apollinare
5561:Two Palaces of
5557:Russian College
5519:
5509:
5379:
5352:Major basilicas
5331:
5320:
5317:
5314:
5298:
5235:
5212:
5157:
5146:
5143:
5136:
5100:
5096:
5090:
5087:
5076:
5005:Of the Holy See
5000:To the Holy See
4983:
4981:Foreign affairs
4975:
4923:
4893:
4839:
4836:
4833:
4830:
4828:judicial entity
4827:
4820:
4694:
4672:Diocese of Rome
4645:
4640:
4610:
4605:
4576:to the Holy See
4572:of the Holy See
4544:
4486:
4465:
4449:
4405:North Macedonia
4348:
4217:
4151:
4142:
4106:
4096:
4094:
4064:
4059:
4047:
4037:
4035:
4027:
3985:
3959:
3955:Catholic Church
3937:
3852:
3848:Public holidays
3748:
3720:
3655:
3626:
3574:
3547:
3542:Fundamental Law
3496:
3362:Gregorian Tower
3353:
3291:Vatican Museums
3285:
3220:Clementine Hall
3192:
3108:
3031:
2980:
2971:
2921:
2916:
2904:
2903:
2901:
2892:
2891:
2880:
2878:
2877:on 18 June 2019
2845:
2839:
2808:
2789:
2722:
2693:
2688:
2687:
2682:
2675:
2670:
2666:
2653:
2651:
2634:
2630:
2625:
2621:
2616:
2612:
2607:
2603:
2598:
2594:
2584:
2582:
2578:
2571:
2567:
2566:
2562:
2549:
2548:
2544:
2539:
2535:
2526:
2522:
2513:
2509:
2504:
2500:
2480:on 16 May 2012.
2477:
2470:
2462:
2399:
2393:
2389:
2381:
2377:
2365:
2363:
2350:
2341:
2339:
2335:
2328:
2324:
2315:
2313:
2309:
2297:
2282:
2280:
2267:
2261:
2257:
2249:
2242:
2229:
2228:
2224:
2211:
2209:
2200:
2199:
2192:
2187:
2182:
2181:
2163:
2159:
2154:
2140:Reichskonkordat
2101:
2088:
2051:
2015:Pietro Gasparri
1906:Pietro Gasparri
1891:
1880:
1874:
1871:
1828:
1826:
1816:
1804:
1793:
1777:Catholic Church
1732:
1674:Fascist Italian
1627:
1587:
1577:
1575:
1558:
1557:
1553:by Michelangelo
1505:Vatican Museums
1500:
1498:Vatican Museums
1490:
1489:
1425:Cappella Giulia
1235:Gregorian Tower
1185:
1177:
1176:
1107:Vatican Library
1102:Vatican Museums
1097:
1087:
1086:
1038:
1030:
1029:
965:
955:
954:
946:
928:
915:
865:
855:
854:
843:Papal Gentleman
838:Papal household
832:
816:
777:Diocese of Rome
760:Catholic Church
743:
733:
732:
727:
715:
703:
675:
595:
510:
478:
468:
467:
435:
402:Doe v. Holy See
354:
344:
343:
290:
256:Capture of Rome
216:
206:
156:
154:
152:
143:
141:
124:
123:
118:Pietro Gasparri
110:
68:
66:
34:
17:
12:
11:
5:
7205:
7195:
7194:
7189:
7184:
7179:
7174:
7169:
7164:
7159:
7154:
7149:
7144:
7139:
7134:
7129:
7124:
7119:
7114:
7109:
7104:
7099:
7094:
7079:
7078:
7066:
7054:
7031:
7030:
7028:
7027:
7015:
7002:
6999:
6998:
6996:
6995:
6990:
6985:
6978:
6973:
6968:
6967:
6966:
6961:
6956:
6951:
6946:
6941:
6936:
6931:
6926:
6916:
6911:
6905:
6903:
6899:
6898:
6896:
6895:
6894:
6893:
6883:
6878:
6873:
6868:
6863:
6858:
6848:
6843:
6838:
6833:
6826:
6821:
6814:
6809:
6807:Lateran Treaty
6804:
6799:
6794:
6789:
6784:
6779:
6773:
6771:
6765:
6764:
6762:
6761:
6754:
6749:
6744:
6739:
6734:
6729:
6724:
6719:
6714:
6709:
6704:
6698:
6696:
6692:
6691:
6689:
6688:
6683:
6678:
6673:
6668:
6663:
6658:
6653:
6648:
6642:
6640:
6632:Baroque period
6630:
6627:
6626:
6624:
6623:
6618:
6613:
6608:
6603:
6601:Peter Canisius
6598:
6593:
6588:
6583:
6578:
6576:Francis Xavier
6573:
6568:
6563:
6558:
6553:
6548:
6543:
6540:Exsurge Domine
6536:
6531:
6525:
6523:
6514:
6511:
6510:
6508:
6507:
6502:
6497:
6492:
6487:
6482:
6480:Pope Clement V
6477:
6476:
6475:
6473:Avignon Papacy
6468:Western Schism
6465:
6460:
6458:Thomas Aquinas
6454:
6452:
6446:
6445:
6443:
6442:
6437:
6432:
6427:
6422:
6417:
6412:
6407:
6402:
6397:
6392:
6387:
6382:
6377:
6372:
6367:
6362:
6356:
6354:
6348:
6347:
6345:
6344:
6339:
6334:
6329:
6324:
6319:
6314:
6312:Saint Boniface
6309:
6304:
6299:
6297:Pope Gregory I
6294:
6289:
6284:
6278:
6276:
6270:
6269:
6266:
6265:
6262:
6261:
6259:
6258:
6253:
6248:
6243:
6238:
6236:Biblical canon
6233:
6228:
6223:
6218:
6213:
6208:
6203:
6202:
6201:
6190:
6188:
6169:
6165:Late antiquity
6157:
6156:
6154:
6153:
6148:
6143:
6138:
6133:
6132:
6131:
6126:
6125:
6124:
6119:
6114:
6112:Pope Clement I
6102:Church Fathers
6099:
6093:
6091:
6084:
6083:
6081:
6080:
6079:
6078:
6073:
6068:
6063:
6058:
6053:
6043:
6038:
6033:
6028:
6027:
6026:
6021:
6016:
6011:
6001:
5996:
5991:
5986:
5985:
5984:
5979:
5974:
5969:
5958:
5956:
5941:
5933:
5932:
5930:
5929:
5924:
5919:
5914:
5909:
5908:
5907:
5902:
5892:
5887:
5882:
5877:
5872:
5871:
5870:
5865:
5863:Biblical canon
5858:Catholic Bible
5855:
5854:
5853:
5843:
5842:
5841:
5831:
5826:
5821:
5820:
5819:
5808:
5806:
5800:
5799:
5788:
5787:
5780:
5773:
5765:
5756:
5755:
5753:
5752:
5740:
5727:
5724:
5723:
5721:
5720:
5715:
5714:
5713:
5708:
5698:
5693:
5688:
5683:
5675:
5673:
5669:
5668:
5665:
5664:
5661:
5660:
5658:
5657:
5652:
5647:
5641:
5639:
5630:
5629:
5620:
5614:
5613:
5612:
5609:
5603:
5600:
5591:
5589:
5583:
5582:
5579:
5578:
5576:
5575:
5574:
5573:
5565:
5559:
5554:
5549:
5544:
5541:
5536:
5530:
5526:Palace of the
5523:
5521:
5511:
5510:
5508:
5507:
5502:
5497:
5492:
5489:
5488:
5487:
5477:
5472:
5467:
5462:
5457:
5452:
5447:
5442:
5441:
5440:
5435:
5430:
5419:
5414:
5413:
5412:
5409:
5404:
5399:
5392:Lateran Palace
5388:
5381:
5380:
5378:
5377:
5372:
5367:
5362:
5356:
5354:
5344:
5343:
5335:
5324:
5321:territoriality
5308:
5307:
5304:
5303:
5300:
5299:
5297:
5296:
5291:
5286:
5281:
5276:
5271:
5266:
5261:
5256:
5251:
5245:
5243:
5237:
5236:
5234:
5233:
5228:
5222:
5220:
5214:
5213:
5211:
5210:
5205:
5200:
5195:
5190:
5185:
5183:Velletri-Segni
5180:
5174:
5172:
5163:
5142:Ecclesiastical
5138:
5137:
5135:
5134:
5129:
5124:
5118:
5116:
5107:
5098:full communion
5082:
5081:
5078:
5077:
5075:
5074:
5073:
5072:
5062:
5061:
5060:
5050:
5049:
5048:
5041:European Union
5038:
5037:
5036:
5035:
5034:
5022:United Nations
5019:
5014:
5013:
5012:
5002:
4997:
4991:
4989:
4977:
4976:
4974:
4973:
4972:
4971:
4966:
4961:
4956:
4955:
4954:
4944:
4933:
4931:
4925:
4924:
4922:
4921:
4920:
4919:
4917:Papal conclave
4909:
4903:
4901:
4895:
4894:
4892:
4891:
4890:
4889:
4884:
4874:
4872:Pietro Parolin
4866:
4857:
4855:
4846:
4822:
4821:
4819:
4818:
4813:
4808:
4807:
4806:
4804:Lateran Treaty
4796:
4791:
4784:
4779:
4774:
4773:
4772:
4770:Temporal power
4762:
4760:Avignon Papacy
4757:
4752:
4747:
4742:
4741:
4740:
4733:Lateran Palace
4730:
4725:
4720:
4715:
4710:
4704:
4702:
4696:
4695:
4693:
4692:
4683:
4674:
4650:
4647:
4646:
4639:
4638:
4631:
4624:
4616:
4607:
4606:
4604:
4603:
4598:
4593:
4588:
4583:
4578:
4568:
4563:
4558:
4552:
4550:
4549:Related topics
4546:
4545:
4543:
4542:
4541:
4540:
4535:
4528:United Nations
4525:
4520:
4518:European Union
4515:
4510:
4505:
4500:
4494:
4492:
4488:
4487:
4485:
4484:
4479:
4473:
4471:
4467:
4466:
4464:
4463:
4457:
4455:
4451:
4450:
4448:
4447:
4445:United Kingdom
4442:
4437:
4432:
4427:
4422:
4417:
4412:
4407:
4402:
4397:
4392:
4387:
4382:
4377:
4372:
4367:
4362:
4356:
4354:
4350:
4349:
4347:
4346:
4341:
4336:
4331:
4326:
4321:
4316:
4311:
4306:
4301:
4296:
4291:
4286:
4281:
4276:
4271:
4266:
4261:
4256:
4251:
4246:
4241:
4236:
4231:
4225:
4223:
4219:
4218:
4216:
4215:
4210:
4205:
4200:
4195:
4190:
4185:
4180:
4175:
4170:
4165:
4159:
4157:
4153:
4152:
4145:
4143:
4141:
4140:
4135:
4130:
4125:
4120:
4114:
4112:
4108:
4107:
4093:
4092:
4085:
4078:
4070:
4061:
4060:
4058:
4057:
4045:
4032:
4029:
4028:
4026:
4025:
4020:
4014:
4008:
4003:
3997:
3995:
3991:
3990:
3987:
3986:
3984:
3983:
3978:
3973:
3967:
3965:
3961:
3960:
3958:
3957:
3951:
3949:
3943:
3942:
3939:
3938:
3936:
3935:
3930:
3923:
3922:
3921:
3914:
3902:
3897:
3896:
3895:
3890:
3885:
3875:
3874:
3873:
3862:
3860:
3851:
3850:
3845:
3840:
3839:
3838:
3828:
3827:
3826:
3816:
3811:
3806:
3804:Climate Forest
3801:
3800:
3799:
3789:
3784:
3783:
3782:
3777:
3766:
3760:
3754:
3753:
3750:
3749:
3747:
3746:
3745:
3744:
3739:
3728:
3726:
3725:Infrastructure
3722:
3721:
3719:
3718:
3713:
3708:
3707:
3706:
3705:
3704:
3697:Poste Vaticane
3694:
3687:Communications
3684:
3679:
3673:
3667:
3661:
3660:
3657:
3656:
3654:
3653:
3647:
3642:
3636:
3634:
3628:
3627:
3625:
3624:
3623:
3622:
3617:
3612:
3607:
3606:
3605:
3595:
3584:
3582:
3576:
3575:
3573:
3572:
3570:Pietro Parolin
3564:
3555:
3553:
3549:
3548:
3546:
3545:
3544:
3539:
3529:
3524:
3519:
3514:
3508:
3502:
3501:
3498:
3497:
3495:
3494:
3489:
3484:
3479:
3474:
3469:
3468:
3467:
3462:
3457:
3447:
3442:
3437:
3436:
3435:
3423:
3418:
3413:
3408:
3407:
3406:
3401:
3391:
3386:
3385:
3384:
3374:
3369:
3364:
3358:
3355:
3354:
3352:
3351:
3346:
3341:
3336:
3331:
3326:
3321:
3316:
3314:Pio-Clementino
3311:
3306:
3301:
3295:
3293:
3287:
3286:
3284:
3283:
3282:
3281:
3276:
3271:
3264:Sistine Chapel
3261:
3256:
3251:
3246:
3241:
3236:
3235:
3234:
3222:
3217:
3212:
3206:
3204:
3198:
3197:
3194:
3193:
3191:
3190:
3185:
3180:
3179:
3178:
3173:
3168:
3158:
3151:
3146:
3140:
3138:
3129:
3127:Major basilica
3116:
3110:
3109:
3107:
3106:
3101:
3096:
3091:
3089:Lateran Treaty
3086:
3081:
3076:
3071:
3070:
3069:
3059:
3057:Circus of Nero
3054:
3047:
3041:
3039:
3033:
3032:
3030:
3029:
3024:
3023:
3022:
3008:
3007:
3006:
2996:
2991:
2985:
2982:
2981:
2970:
2969:
2962:
2955:
2947:
2941:
2940:
2934:
2928:
2920:
2919:External links
2917:
2915:
2914:
2851:
2844:
2843:
2837:
2822:
2812:
2806:
2793:
2787:
2770:
2755:
2752:978-0521023665
2740:
2733:
2726:
2720:
2702:
2694:
2692:
2689:
2686:
2685:
2673:
2664:
2628:
2619:
2610:
2601:
2592:
2560:
2555:www.vatican.va
2542:
2533:
2520:
2507:
2498:
2496:
2495:
2483:
2460:
2443:
2429:John Whittam,
2426:
2409:
2387:
2375:
2373:
2372:
2348:
2322:
2307:
2295:
2289:
2279:on 23 May 2018
2255:
2240:
2222:
2189:
2188:
2186:
2183:
2180:
2179:
2156:
2155:
2153:
2150:
2149:
2148:
2143:
2137:
2135:Roman Question
2132:
2127:
2122:
2117:
2112:
2107:
2100:
2097:
2087:
2084:
2064:otto per mille
2050:
2047:
1966:Roman Question
1942:Camillo Cavour
1893:
1892:
1807:
1805:
1798:
1792:
1789:
1781:
1780:
1769:
1768:
1767:
1760:
1757:
1750:
1731:
1728:
1700:Lateran Palace
1696:Roman question
1670:Prime Minister
1635:Lateran Treaty
1629:
1628:
1626:
1625:
1618:
1611:
1603:
1600:
1599:
1598:
1597:
1585:
1573:
1568:
1560:
1559:
1556:
1555:
1547:
1542:
1540:Sistine Chapel
1537:
1532:
1527:
1522:
1517:
1512:
1507:
1501:
1496:
1495:
1492:
1491:
1488:
1487:
1482:
1477:
1472:
1467:
1462:
1457:
1452:
1447:
1445:Circus of Nero
1442:
1437:
1432:
1427:
1422:
1417:
1412:
1407:
1402:
1397:
1392:
1387:
1382:
1377:
1372:
1367:
1362:
1357:
1352:
1347:
1342:
1337:
1332:
1327:
1322:
1317:
1312:
1307:
1302:
1297:
1292:
1287:
1285:Lateran Palace
1282:
1277:
1272:
1267:
1262:
1257:
1252:
1247:
1242:
1237:
1232:
1227:
1222:
1217:
1212:
1207:
1202:
1197:
1192:
1186:
1183:
1182:
1179:
1178:
1175:
1174:
1166:
1161:
1156:
1151:
1146:
1141:
1136:
1131:
1126:
1121:
1120:
1119:
1109:
1104:
1098:
1093:
1092:
1089:
1088:
1085:
1084:
1083:
1082:
1072:
1062:
1057:
1052:
1051:
1050:
1039:
1036:
1035:
1032:
1031:
1028:
1027:
1022:
1017:
1012:
1007:
1002:
997:
992:
987:
982:
977:
972:
966:
961:
960:
957:
956:
953:
952:
945:
944:
939:
934:
927:
926:
921:
914:
913:
912:
911:
905:
903:Paul Gallagher
894:
893:
892:
890:Lateran Treaty
882:
877:
872:
866:
861:
860:
857:
856:
853:
852:
847:
846:
845:
835:
834:
833:
831:
830:
825:
820:
811:
806:
805:
804:
794:Papal conclave
791:
786:
785:
784:
779:
769:
768:
767:
757:
756:
755:
744:
739:
738:
735:
734:
731:
730:
729:
728:
725:
718:
717:
716:
713:
706:
705:
704:
698:
691:
686:
685:
684:
679:
664:
663:
662:
652:
651:
650:
640:
639:
638:
633:
628:
623:
618:
613:
603:
598:
597:
596:
593:Pietro Parolin
587:
580:
579:
578:
573:
568:
563:
558:
553:
548:
543:
536:
528:
518:
517:
516:
511:
502:
500:
490:
485:
479:
474:
473:
470:
469:
466:
465:
460:
455:
450:
445:
444:
443:
433:
428:
418:
413:
408:
407:
406:
397:
383:
381:Lateran Treaty
378:
373:
368:
363:
355:
350:
349:
346:
345:
342:
341:
336:
331:
326:
321:
316:
311:
306:
305:
304:
299:
284:
281:Lateran Treaty
278:
277:
276:
271:
269:Roman Question
265:" (1870–1929)
259:
253:
252:
251:
246:
241:
230:
224:
217:
212:
211:
208:
207:
202:
199:
198:
190:
189:
177:
176:
171:
167:
166:
139:
135:
134:
108:
104:
103:
100:
96:
95:
92:
88:
87:
78:
74:
73:
63:
59:
58:
48:
44:
43:
40:
36:
35:
32:
22:Lateran Treaty
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
7204:
7193:
7190:
7188:
7185:
7183:
7180:
7178:
7175:
7173:
7170:
7168:
7167:1920s in Rome
7165:
7163:
7160:
7158:
7155:
7153:
7150:
7148:
7145:
7143:
7140:
7138:
7135:
7133:
7130:
7128:
7125:
7123:
7120:
7118:
7115:
7113:
7110:
7108:
7105:
7103:
7100:
7098:
7095:
7093:
7092:1929 in Italy
7090:
7089:
7087:
7077:
7067:
7065:
7055:
7053:
7043:
7042:
7039:
7026:
7021:
7016:
7014:
7004:
7003:
7000:
6994:
6991:
6989:
6986:
6984:
6983:
6979:
6977:
6974:
6972:
6969:
6965:
6962:
6960:
6957:
6955:
6952:
6950:
6947:
6945:
6942:
6940:
6937:
6935:
6932:
6930:
6927:
6925:
6922:
6921:
6920:
6917:
6915:
6912:
6910:
6907:
6906:
6904:
6900:
6892:
6889:
6888:
6887:
6884:
6882:
6879:
6877:
6874:
6872:
6869:
6867:
6866:Mother Teresa
6864:
6862:
6859:
6856:
6852:
6849:
6847:
6844:
6842:
6839:
6837:
6834:
6832:
6831:
6827:
6825:
6822:
6820:
6819:
6815:
6813:
6810:
6808:
6805:
6803:
6800:
6798:
6795:
6793:
6792:Pope Pius XII
6790:
6788:
6785:
6783:
6780:
6778:
6775:
6774:
6772:
6770:
6766:
6760:
6759:
6758:Rerum novarum
6755:
6753:
6750:
6748:
6745:
6743:
6742:Pope Leo XIII
6740:
6738:
6735:
6733:
6730:
6728:
6725:
6723:
6720:
6718:
6715:
6713:
6712:United States
6710:
6708:
6705:
6703:
6702:Pope Pius VII
6700:
6699:
6697:
6693:
6687:
6684:
6682:
6679:
6677:
6674:
6672:
6669:
6667:
6664:
6662:
6659:
6657:
6654:
6652:
6649:
6647:
6644:
6643:
6641:
6638:
6633:
6628:
6622:
6619:
6617:
6614:
6612:
6609:
6607:
6604:
6602:
6599:
6597:
6594:
6592:
6589:
6587:
6584:
6582:
6579:
6577:
6574:
6572:
6569:
6567:
6564:
6562:
6559:
6557:
6554:
6552:
6549:
6547:
6544:
6542:
6541:
6537:
6535:
6532:
6530:
6527:
6526:
6524:
6521:
6517:
6512:
6506:
6503:
6501:
6498:
6496:
6493:
6491:
6488:
6486:
6483:
6481:
6478:
6474:
6471:
6470:
6469:
6466:
6464:
6461:
6459:
6456:
6455:
6453:
6451:
6447:
6441:
6438:
6436:
6433:
6431:
6428:
6426:
6423:
6421:
6418:
6416:
6413:
6411:
6408:
6406:
6403:
6401:
6398:
6396:
6393:
6391:
6388:
6386:
6385:Scholasticism
6383:
6381:
6378:
6376:
6373:
6371:
6368:
6366:
6363:
6361:
6360:Pope Urban II
6358:
6357:
6355:
6353:
6349:
6343:
6340:
6338:
6335:
6333:
6330:
6328:
6325:
6323:
6320:
6318:
6315:
6313:
6310:
6308:
6305:
6303:
6300:
6298:
6295:
6293:
6290:
6288:
6285:
6283:
6280:
6279:
6277:
6275:
6271:
6257:
6254:
6252:
6249:
6247:
6244:
6242:
6239:
6237:
6234:
6232:
6229:
6227:
6224:
6222:
6219:
6217:
6214:
6212:
6209:
6207:
6204:
6200:
6197:
6196:
6195:
6192:
6191:
6189:
6185:
6177:
6173:
6170:
6166:
6162:
6152:
6149:
6147:
6144:
6142:
6139:
6137:
6136:Justin Martyr
6134:
6130:
6127:
6123:
6120:
6118:
6115:
6113:
6110:
6109:
6108:
6105:
6104:
6103:
6100:
6098:
6095:
6094:
6092:
6089:
6085:
6077:
6074:
6072:
6069:
6067:
6064:
6062:
6059:
6057:
6054:
6052:
6049:
6048:
6047:
6046:New Testament
6044:
6042:
6039:
6037:
6034:
6032:
6029:
6025:
6022:
6020:
6017:
6015:
6012:
6010:
6009:Commissioning
6007:
6006:
6005:
6002:
6000:
5997:
5995:
5992:
5990:
5987:
5983:
5980:
5978:
5975:
5973:
5970:
5968:
5965:
5964:
5963:
5960:
5959:
5957:
5954:
5953:Apostolic Age
5949:
5945:
5942:
5938:
5934:
5928:
5925:
5923:
5920:
5918:
5915:
5913:
5910:
5906:
5903:
5901:
5898:
5897:
5896:
5893:
5891:
5888:
5886:
5883:
5881:
5878:
5876:
5873:
5869:
5866:
5864:
5861:
5860:
5859:
5856:
5852:
5849:
5848:
5847:
5844:
5840:
5839:Papal primacy
5837:
5836:
5835:
5832:
5830:
5827:
5825:
5822:
5818:
5815:
5814:
5813:
5810:
5809:
5807:
5805:
5801:
5797:
5793:
5786:
5781:
5779:
5774:
5772:
5767:
5766:
5763:
5751:
5746:
5741:
5739:
5729:
5728:
5725:
5719:
5716:
5712:
5709:
5707:
5704:
5703:
5702:
5699:
5697:
5696:Peter's Pence
5694:
5692:
5689:
5687:
5684:
5682:
5681:
5677:
5676:
5674:
5670:
5656:
5653:
5651:
5648:
5646:
5643:
5642:
5640:
5634:
5628:
5624:
5623:Vatican Radio
5621:
5619:
5615:
5610:
5608:
5604:
5601:
5598:
5597:
5596:
5593:
5592:
5590:
5584:
5572:
5569:
5568:
5566:
5564:
5560:
5558:
5555:
5553:
5550:
5548:
5545:
5542:
5540:
5537:
5535:
5531:
5529:
5528:Holy Apostles
5525:
5524:
5522:
5516:
5506:
5503:
5501:
5498:
5496:
5493:
5490:
5486:
5483:
5482:
5481:
5478:
5476:
5473:
5471:
5468:
5466:
5463:
5461:
5458:
5456:
5453:
5451:
5448:
5446:
5443:
5439:
5436:
5434:
5431:
5429:
5426:
5425:
5423:
5420:
5418:
5415:
5410:
5408:
5405:
5403:
5400:
5398:
5395:
5394:
5393:
5390:
5389:
5386:
5376:
5373:
5371:
5368:
5366:
5363:
5361:
5358:
5357:
5355:
5353:
5349:
5339:
5336:
5334:
5328:
5325:
5322:
5313:
5309:
5295:
5292:
5290:
5287:
5285:
5282:
5280:
5277:
5275:
5272:
5270:
5267:
5265:
5262:
5260:
5257:
5255:
5254:Anagni-Alatri
5252:
5250:
5247:
5246:
5244:
5242:
5238:
5232:
5229:
5227:
5224:
5223:
5221:
5219:
5215:
5209:
5206:
5204:
5201:
5199:
5196:
5194:
5191:
5189:
5186:
5184:
5181:
5179:
5176:
5175:
5173:
5171:
5167:
5164:
5160:
5155:
5151:
5145:
5139:
5133:
5130:
5128:
5125:
5123:
5120:
5119:
5117:
5115:
5111:
5108:
5104:
5103:Papal primacy
5099:
5095:
5089:
5083:
5071:
5068:
5067:
5066:
5063:
5059:
5056:
5055:
5054:
5051:
5047:
5044:
5043:
5042:
5039:
5033:
5030:
5029:
5028:
5025:
5024:
5023:
5020:
5018:
5015:
5011:
5008:
5007:
5006:
5003:
5001:
4998:
4996:
4993:
4992:
4990:
4987:
4982:
4978:
4970:
4967:
4965:
4964:Congregations
4962:
4960:
4957:
4953:
4950:
4949:
4948:
4945:
4943:
4940:
4939:
4938:
4935:
4934:
4932:
4930:
4926:
4918:
4915:
4914:
4913:
4910:
4908:
4905:
4904:
4902:
4900:
4896:
4888:
4885:
4883:
4880:
4879:
4878:
4875:
4873:
4870:
4867:
4865:
4862:
4859:
4858:
4856:
4854:
4850:
4847:
4843:
4838:
4835:international
4829:
4823:
4817:
4814:
4812:
4809:
4805:
4802:
4801:
4800:
4797:
4795:
4792:
4789:
4785:
4783:
4780:
4778:
4775:
4771:
4768:
4767:
4766:
4763:
4761:
4758:
4756:
4753:
4751:
4748:
4746:
4745:Duchy of Rome
4743:
4739:
4736:
4735:
4734:
4731:
4729:
4726:
4724:
4721:
4719:
4716:
4714:
4711:
4709:
4708:Apostolic see
4706:
4705:
4703:
4701:
4697:
4691:
4687:
4684:
4682:
4678:
4675:
4673:
4669:
4665:
4662:
4658:
4657:episcopal see
4655:
4652:
4651:
4648:
4644:
4637:
4632:
4630:
4625:
4623:
4618:
4617:
4614:
4602:
4599:
4597:
4594:
4592:
4589:
4587:
4584:
4582:
4579:
4577:
4573:
4569:
4567:
4564:
4562:
4559:
4557:
4554:
4553:
4551:
4547:
4539:
4536:
4534:
4531:
4530:
4529:
4526:
4524:
4521:
4519:
4516:
4514:
4511:
4509:
4506:
4504:
4501:
4499:
4498:African Union
4496:
4495:
4493:
4489:
4483:
4480:
4478:
4475:
4474:
4472:
4468:
4462:
4459:
4458:
4456:
4452:
4446:
4443:
4441:
4438:
4436:
4433:
4431:
4428:
4426:
4423:
4421:
4418:
4416:
4413:
4411:
4408:
4406:
4403:
4401:
4398:
4396:
4393:
4391:
4388:
4386:
4383:
4381:
4378:
4376:
4373:
4371:
4368:
4366:
4363:
4361:
4358:
4357:
4355:
4351:
4345:
4342:
4340:
4337:
4335:
4332:
4330:
4327:
4325:
4322:
4320:
4317:
4315:
4312:
4310:
4307:
4305:
4302:
4300:
4297:
4295:
4292:
4290:
4287:
4285:
4282:
4280:
4277:
4275:
4272:
4270:
4267:
4265:
4262:
4260:
4257:
4255:
4252:
4250:
4247:
4245:
4242:
4240:
4237:
4235:
4232:
4230:
4227:
4226:
4224:
4220:
4214:
4211:
4209:
4206:
4204:
4203:United States
4201:
4199:
4196:
4194:
4191:
4189:
4186:
4184:
4181:
4179:
4176:
4174:
4171:
4169:
4166:
4164:
4161:
4160:
4158:
4154:
4149:
4139:
4136:
4134:
4131:
4129:
4126:
4124:
4121:
4119:
4116:
4115:
4113:
4109:
4105:
4100:
4091:
4086:
4084:
4079:
4077:
4072:
4071:
4068:
4056:
4051:
4046:
4044:
4034:
4033:
4030:
4024:
4021:
4018:
4015:
4012:
4009:
4007:
4004:
4002:
3999:
3998:
3996:
3992:
3982:
3979:
3977:
3974:
3972:
3969:
3968:
3966:
3962:
3956:
3953:
3952:
3950:
3948:
3944:
3934:
3931:
3929:
3928:
3924:
3920:
3919:
3915:
3913:
3912:
3908:
3907:
3906:
3903:
3901:
3898:
3894:
3891:
3889:
3888:Vatican Radio
3886:
3884:
3881:
3880:
3879:
3878:Vatican Media
3876:
3872:
3869:
3868:
3867:
3864:
3863:
3861:
3859:
3855:
3849:
3846:
3844:
3841:
3837:
3834:
3833:
3832:
3829:
3825:
3822:
3821:
3820:
3817:
3815:
3812:
3810:
3807:
3805:
3802:
3798:
3795:
3794:
3793:
3790:
3788:
3785:
3781:
3778:
3776:
3773:
3772:
3771:
3768:
3767:
3764:
3761:
3759:
3755:
3743:
3740:
3738:
3735:
3734:
3733:
3730:
3729:
3727:
3723:
3717:
3714:
3712:
3709:
3703:
3700:
3699:
3698:
3695:
3693:
3690:
3689:
3688:
3685:
3683:
3680:
3678:
3675:
3674:
3671:
3668:
3666:
3662:
3652:
3648:
3646:
3643:
3641:
3638:
3637:
3635:
3633:
3629:
3621:
3618:
3616:
3615:Congregations
3613:
3611:
3608:
3604:
3601:
3600:
3599:
3596:
3594:
3591:
3590:
3589:
3586:
3585:
3583:
3581:
3577:
3571:
3568:
3565:
3563:
3560:
3557:
3556:
3554:
3550:
3543:
3540:
3538:
3535:
3534:
3533:
3530:
3528:
3527:Vicar General
3525:
3523:
3520:
3518:
3515:
3512:
3509:
3507:
3503:
3493:
3490:
3488:
3485:
3483:
3480:
3478:
3475:
3473:
3470:
3466:
3463:
3461:
3458:
3456:
3453:
3452:
3451:
3448:
3446:
3443:
3441:
3438:
3434:
3433:
3429:
3428:
3427:
3424:
3422:
3419:
3417:
3414:
3412:
3409:
3405:
3402:
3400:
3397:
3396:
3395:
3392:
3390:
3387:
3383:
3380:
3379:
3378:
3375:
3373:
3370:
3368:
3367:Casina Pio IV
3365:
3363:
3360:
3359:
3350:
3347:
3345:
3342:
3340:
3337:
3335:
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2018:
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2012:
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1875:February 2018
1867:
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1846:
1843:
1839:
1836: –
1835:
1831:
1830:Find sources:
1824:
1820:
1814:
1813:
1808:This section
1806:
1802:
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1440:Casina Pio IV
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696:
695:
692:
690:
689:Vical General
687:
683:
680:
678:
676:(Chamberlain)
674:
670:
669:
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665:
661:
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571:Vatican Radio
569:
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221:Duchy of Rome
219:
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82:
79:
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64:
60:
57:
53:
49:
45:
41:
37:
30:
25:
19:
7132:Pope Pius XI
7052:Vatican City
6980:
6976:Pope Francis
6902:21st century
6851:Pope Paul VI
6828:
6816:
6806:
6769:20th century
6756:
6707:Pope Pius IX
6695:19th century
6671:Pope Pius VI
6538:
6410:Latin Empire
6380:Universities
6332:Pope Leo III
6199:Christianity
6184:state church
6176:Great Church
5977:Resurrection
5940:(30–325/476)
5937:Early Church
5922:Latin Church
5917:Papal States
5912:Vatican City
5678:
5500:Beda College
5402:Scala Sancta
5226:Montecassino
5159:Vatican City
4842:Legal status
4811:World War II
4803:
4799:Vatican City
4794:Savoyard era
4765:Papal States
4681:Vatican City
4477:Soviet Union
4314:Saudi Arabia
4006:Cricket team
3976:Coat of arms
3925:
3916:
3909:
3883:Vatican News
3809:Demographics
3787:Architecture
3775:AT telescope
3492:Vatican Hill
3430:
3339:Ethnographic
3229:
3153:
3088:
3074:Leonine City
2974:Vatican City
2885:– via
2879:. Retrieved
2875:the original
2861:
2847:
2846:
2827:
2815:
2797:
2776:
2758:
2743:
2736:
2729:
2710:
2698:
2667:
2659:
2652:. Retrieved
2641:
2631:
2622:
2613:
2604:
2595:
2583:. Retrieved
2563:
2554:
2545:
2536:
2528:
2523:
2515:
2510:
2501:
2491:The Guardian
2489:
2475:the original
2465:
2447:
2430:
2413:
2404:
2394:
2390:
2378:
2364:. Retrieved
2360:the original
2355:
2340:. Retrieved
2333:the original
2314:. Retrieved
2302:
2281:. Retrieved
2277:the original
2272:
2262:
2258:
2232:
2225:
2217:
2210:. Retrieved
2206:Vatican News
2205:
2170:
2160:
2089:
2077:
2069:
2062:
2059:
2055:World War II
2052:
2040:
2038:
2019:
2011:Pope Pius XI
1996:
1983:Pope Pius IX
1976:
1971:
1934:Papal States
1927:
1881:
1872:
1862:
1855:
1848:
1841:
1829:
1817:Please help
1812:verification
1809:
1782:
1764:loss in 1870
1744:Vatican City
1733:
1720:Papal States
1708:Vatican City
1692:Pope Pius XI
1654:
1634:
1632:
1550:
1350:Vatican Hill
1290:Leonine City
1168:
1020:Vatican lira
889:
799:
765:Latin Church
672:
538:
530:
439:Pastor Bonus
438:
400:
391:
380:
358:
324:Savoyard Era
287:Vatican City
280:
233:Papal States
204:Vatican City
18:
6982:Laudato si'
6777:Pope Pius X
6606:Philip Neri
6581:Pope Pius V
6556:Thomas More
6425:Inquisition
6327:Charlemagne
6287:Monasticism
6097:Persecution
5989:Holy Spirit
5972:Crucifixion
5851:First seven
5718:Swiss Guard
5465:Palazzo Pio
4969:Dicasteries
4947:Commissions
4937:Roman Curia
4816:Warsaw Pact
4508:Arab League
4440:Switzerland
4319:South Korea
4309:Philippines
4133:Ivory Coast
3780:observatory
3645:Swiss Guard
3620:Dicasteries
3598:Commissions
3588:Roman Curia
3319:Chiaramonti
3259:Scala Regia
3171:Papal tombs
3094:Borgo Nuovo
3067:Papal tombs
2819:: Volume 10
2585:2 September
2459:), p. 1007.
2212:2 September
1928:During the
1330:Scala Regia
1305:Papal tombs
1075:Papal tiara
942:Visa policy
782:Roman Curia
699:President:
660:Noble Guard
235:(754–1870)
107:Signatories
94:7 June 1929
52:papal state
7086:Categories
6855:coronation
6561:Pope Leo X
6146:Tertullian
6076:Revelation
6051:Background
5701:Roman Rota
5599:Papal farm
5532:Palace of
5424:Hill area
5312:Properties
5198:Palestrina
5070:Concordats
4929:Government
4899:Governance
4566:Concordats
4482:Yugoslavia
4229:Bangladesh
3649:See also:
3580:Government
3552:Governance
3299:Historical
3269:altarpiece
3254:Sala Regia
3004:Properties
2905:|via=
2887:archive.is
2366:26 October
2342:26 October
2316:26 October
2185:References
2166:Lire
2086:Violations
2049:After 1946
2026:neutrality
1987:Lire
1973:sovereign.
1845:newspapers
1686:) and the
1668:(with his
1385:Sala Regia
875:Concordats
753:Popemobile
673:Camerlengo
69:1929-02-11
6871:Communism
6841:Ecumenism
6187:(380–451)
6179:(180–451)
6168:(313–476)
6090:(100–325)
5607:Barberini
5422:Gianicolo
5316:including
5150:Vicariate
5094:universal
5032:in Geneva
4877:Cardinals
4853:Officials
4826:Sovereign
4654:Apostolic
4324:Sri Lanka
4304:Palestine
4249:Indonesia
4213:Venezuela
4193:Nicaragua
4163:Argentina
3814:Languages
3732:Transport
3517:Elections
3460:Fountains
3304:Paintings
3114:Geography
2895:cite book
2881:27 August
2871:250715403
2654:9 January
2514:Kertzer,
2442:), p. 77.
2425:), p. 43.
2171:per annum
2105:Concordat
2053:The post-
1773:concordat
1736:concordat
1067:(Vatican
721:Tribunale
589:Secretary
504:President
498:President
421:Canon law
223:(554–751)
99:Condition
91:Effective
6881:HIV/AIDS
6375:Crusades
6129:Irenaeus
6122:Ignatius
6117:Polycarp
5967:Ministry
5955:(30–100)
5829:Timeline
5672:See also
5193:Frascati
5065:Treaties
4959:Councils
4887:Advisers
4643:Holy See
4370:Bulgaria
4299:Pakistan
4284:Malaysia
4156:Americas
3947:Religion
3933:Pope2you
3792:Archives
3737:Heliport
3632:Military
3610:Councils
3506:Politics
2999:Holy See
2978:articles
2859:(1932).
2708:(2014).
2648:Archived
2576:Archived
2527:Rhodes,
2518:, p. 292
2099:See also
2022:Holy See
1962:occupied
1752:Maps of
1688:Holy See
1069:postcode
772:Holy See
483:Archives
195:a series
170:Language
150:Holy See
77:Location
7076:History
7038:Portals
6846:Judaism
6246:Vulgate
6056:Gospels
6031:Stephen
5948:Origins
5868:Vulgate
5804:General
5794:of the
5792:History
5586:Outside
5294:Viterbo
5231:Subiaco
5088:of Rome
5086:Diocese
4864:Francis
4700:History
4670:of the
4664:Francis
4454:Oceania
4420:Romania
4395:Ireland
4385:Germany
4375:Croatia
4360:Albania
4344:Vietnam
4289:Myanmar
4279:Lebanon
4239:Georgia
4208:Uruguay
4118:Algeria
4019:(Women)
3964:Symbols
3819:Library
3758:Culture
3716:Tourism
3677:Banking
3665:Economy
3562:Francis
3389:Gardens
3274:ceiling
3037:History
3015:Francis
2994:Outline
2691:Sources
2643:Reuters
2531:, p. 46
2283:5 April
1999:Fascist
1954:Romagna
1938:Pius IX
1859:scholar
1791:History
1730:Content
1639:Italian
1566:Outline
1095:Culture
1037:Symbols
963:Economy
924:Nuncios
291:present
239:Annates
214:History
174:Italian
138:Parties
67: (
54:on the
47:Context
6812:Nazism
6634:to the
6241:Jerome
6151:Origen
5834:Papacy
5686:Awards
5605:Villa
5330:Inside
5319:extra-
5289:Tivoli
5203:Albano
5114:Synods
5092:with
5058:Nuncio
4738:Museum
4688:under
4668:bishop
4470:Former
4430:Serbia
4425:Russia
4415:Poland
4410:Monaco
4390:Greece
4380:France
4353:Europe
4334:Turkey
4329:Taiwan
4269:Jordan
4259:Israel
4188:Mexico
4173:Canada
4168:Brazil
4111:Africa
3994:Sports
3971:Anthem
2976:
2869:
2835:
2804:
2785:
2765:
2750:
2718:
2455:
2438:
2421:
1958:Latium
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1055:Anthem
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289:(1929–
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160:
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62:Signed
7064:Italy
6914:Islam
6182:Roman
6141:Canon
6014:Peter
5962:Jesus
5279:Rieti
5249:Gaeta
5178:Ostia
5017:Italy
5010:Heads
4832:under
4503:ASEAN
4435:Spain
4400:Italy
4294:Nepal
4264:Japan
4244:India
4234:China
4178:Chile
4013:(Men)
3858:Media
3831:Music
3537:Crime
3155:Pietà
2989:Index
2579:(PDF)
2572:(PDF)
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2336:(PDF)
2329:(PDF)
2152:Notes
1866:JSTOR
1852:books
1647:Latin
1571:Index
1065:00120
817:(Oct)
815:1978
163:Italy
85:Italy
6964:2023
6959:2019
6954:2016
6949:2013
6944:2011
6939:2008
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6061:Acts
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5994:Mary
5636:Non-
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5518:Non-
5333:Rome
5154:Rome
4882:List
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4254:Iran
4222:Asia
4198:Peru
4183:Cuba
3981:Flag
3824:film
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3692:.va
3559:Pope
3349:Maps
3011:Pope
2910:help
2883:2019
2867:OCLC
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2763:ISBN
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2587:2021
2453:ISBN
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2214:2021
2090:The
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1679:Duce
1663:King
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1043:Flag
828:2013
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682:Dean
81:Rome
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