40:
4159:
4110:
7058:
7019:
5744:
4049:
1589:
155:
124:
138:
168:
197:
1932:
1924:
7031:
5756:
4061:
1812:
1601:
7070:
7082:
1909:
2047:, that "the Catholic, Apostolic and Roman Religion is the only religion of the State". The attached financial agreement was accepted as settlement of all the claims of the Holy See against Italy from the loss of temporal power over the Papal States in 1870, though the sum agreed to was actually less than Italy had offered in 1871.
2105:
of 1938 prohibited marriages between Jews and non-Jews, including
Catholics: the Vatican viewed this as a violation of the Concordat, which gave the church the sole right to regulate marriages involving Catholics. Further, Article 34 of the Concordat had also specified that marriages performed by the
2071:
In 1984, the concordat was significantly revised. Both sides declared: "The principle of the
Catholic religion as the sole religion of the Italian State, originally referred to by the Lateran Pacts, shall be considered to be no longer in force." The exclusive state financial support for the Church
2085:
of marriages. The agreement also ended state recognition of knighthoods and titles of nobility conferred by the Holy See, the right of the state to request ecclesiastical honours for those chosen to perform religious functions for the state or the royal household, and the right of the state to
1983:
The Popes knew that Rome was irrevocably the capital of Italy. There was nothing they wanted less than to govern it or be burdened with a papal kingdom. What they wished was independence, a foothold on the earth that belonged to no other
2106:
Catholic Church would always be considered valid by civil authorities: the Holy See understood this to apply to all marriages in Italy celebrated by Roman
Catholic clergy, regardless of the faiths of those being married.
2179:
750 million immediately plus consolidated bearer bonds with a coupon rate of 5% and a nominal value of Lire 1,000 million. It thus paid less than it would have paid, Lire 3.25 million
2935:
2000:
3,250,000. The Holy See refused this settlement, on the grounds that the pope's spiritual jurisdiction required clear independence from any political power, and thereafter each popes considered himself a
2671:
The
Vatican will no longer automatically adopt new Italian laws as its own, a top Vatican official said, citing the vast number of laws Italy churns out, many of which are in odds with Catholic doctrine.
2897:
259:
4533:
2303:
James Brown Scott, "The Treaty between Italy and the
Vatican" in Proceedings of the American Society of International Law at Its Annual Meeting (1921–1969), volume 23, (24–27 April 1929), p. 13
2043:
and to abstention from mediation in a controversy unless specifically requested by all parties. In the first article of the treaty, Italy reaffirmed the principle established in the 1848
5042:
4548:
2586:
5505:
1975:
and annexed in 1870. For the following sixty years, relations between the Papacy and the
Italian government were hostile, and the sovereign rights of the pope became known as the
1737:
as regulating the relations between the state and the
Catholic Church. The treaty was significantly revised in 1984, ending the status of Catholicism as the sole state religion.
6807:
2837:
2474:
5218:
653:
514:
508:
5056:
4523:
4098:
5198:
3853:
3319:
7162:
6696:
5284:
5793:
5294:
5037:
5020:
4591:
4543:
934:
5137:
4138:
2302:
39:
2068:
Constitution of the
Italian Republic, adopted in 1948, states that relations between the State and the Catholic Church "are regulated by the Lateran Treaties".
7003:
6998:
5193:
3404:
1410:
5549:
5475:
5132:
1749:. However, the website of the Holy See presents the financial convention as an annex of the treaty of conciliation, considering the pacts as two documents:
5573:
5279:
1015:
4076:
2871:
1530:
1020:
2229:
The world's smallest sovereign state was born on
February 11, 1929, with the signing of the Lateran Treaty between the Holy See and the Kingdom of Italy
6347:
5827:
5581:
5208:
2941:
2561:
2393:
2089:
In 2008, it was announced that the
Vatican would no longer immediately adopt all Italian laws, citing conflict over right-to-life issues following the
7157:
6722:
5274:
3712:
1745:
The Lateran Pacts are often presented as three treaties: a 27-article treaty of conciliation, a three-article financial convention, and a 45-article
1375:
1159:
5142:
6797:
5203:
2336:
2078:, to which other religious groups, Christian and non-Christian, also have access. As of 2013, there were ten other religious groups with access.
5696:
5005:
4804:
4611:
4133:
4091:
3661:
907:
880:
468:
5213:
4027:
2140:
1795:
1631:
1010:
2031:
The agreements included a political treaty which created the state of the Vatican City and guaranteed full and independent sovereignty to the
6107:
5834:
5628:
5188:
4508:
4375:
2975:
2658:
2579:
334:
7147:
5786:
4962:
4148:
3613:
2125:
503:
6380:
5873:
5269:
5015:
5010:
4996:
4601:
4586:
4582:
4349:
2212:
2081:
The revised concordat regulated the conditions under which the state accords legal recognition to church marriages and to ecclesiastical
929:
890:
621:
7117:
6762:
6061:
4084:
3077:
2999:
2988:
1545:
1320:
3431:
2362:
319:
7122:
6515:
5385:
3030:
2485:
1465:
699:
5779:
5264:
5124:
4518:
4284:
7192:
7137:
6209:
6151:
4415:
2130:
1581:
1370:
1154:
1005:
947:
860:
441:
2741:
Christianity in a Revolutionary Age: A History of Christianity in the 19th and 20th Century: Vol. 4 The 20th Century in Europe
7132:
5051:
4528:
4455:
4158:
3785:
3552:
1876:
1415:
1174:
376:
1767:
and exemption from expropriation and taxes (owned by the Holy See but located in Italy and not forming part of Vatican City)
6019:
5915:
4213:
4106:
3650:
3487:
2467:
2450:
2433:
2036:
1848:
1335:
641:
473:
7152:
7112:
6881:
6779:
6666:
5660:
5259:
5241:
4826:
4487:
4471:
4324:
4021:
3868:
3687:
2496:
980:
682:
6919:
6221:
5972:
5665:
5375:
4792:
4644:
4450:
4329:
4319:
4143:
4011:
3470:
2762:
1714:
1624:
1230:
556:
498:
381:
2279:
1855:
7187:
6051:
5443:
5304:
5236:
4991:
4492:
4239:
4114:
3532:
2968:
2847:
2816:
2797:
2777:
2730:
1895:
1525:
985:
873:
704:
616:
7107:
6822:
6302:
6192:
5417:
5380:
5299:
4334:
4314:
4259:
4223:
4203:
4173:
3802:
3279:
1560:
1210:
692:
636:
431:
349:
6317:
6241:
5861:
5839:
5605:
5485:
5289:
5152:
5032:
4917:
4606:
4538:
4380:
4309:
4294:
3858:
1829:
1380:
1164:
960:
719:
593:
550:
17:
1996:
and his successors the use of, but not sovereignty over, the Vatican and Lateran Palaces and a yearly income of
1862:
6556:
6175:
5822:
5814:
5802:
5169:
4780:
4430:
4405:
4395:
4385:
4370:
4354:
4299:
4289:
4249:
4218:
4128:
3780:
3537:
3241:
3037:
2885:
1952:
1833:
1169:
1000:
942:
531:
426:
421:
7182:
7172:
6851:
6430:
6405:
6014:
5557:
5407:
4678:
4513:
4440:
4435:
4425:
4420:
4400:
4390:
4344:
4339:
4279:
4269:
4198:
4183:
4178:
3590:
3382:
3198:
3094:
1669:
1617:
1475:
1405:
1255:
626:
95:
3339:
2947:
2309:
7197:
7167:
6891:
6410:
6400:
5856:
5027:
4897:
4852:
4821:
4696:
4596:
4445:
4410:
4304:
4274:
4254:
4244:
4188:
3986:
3797:
3492:
3334:
2961:
2017:
1844:
1470:
1070:
895:
631:
396:
6856:
6226:
5999:
5562:
5480:
5438:
4879:
4738:
4571:
4264:
4208:
4193:
3881:
3721:
3577:
3072:
1445:
1310:
1250:
1058:
952:
919:
825:
599:
566:
458:
329:
2343:
1773:
A financial convention agreed on as a definitive settlement of the claims of the Holy See following the
7048:
6865:
5890:
5655:
5460:
5322:
4974:
4887:
3625:
3455:
3442:
3324:
3181:
3014:
2135:
1764:
1400:
1035:
1951:
resisted incorporation into the new nation, even as almost all the other Italian countries joined it;
1770:
Maps of buildings with exemption from expropriation and taxes (but without extraterritorial privilege)
7202:
6924:
6626:
5937:
5637:
5465:
5455:
4016:
3903:
3824:
3807:
3742:
3421:
3349:
3309:
3124:
2827:
1275:
1260:
1240:
1134:
995:
731:
586:
344:
3329:
2920:
7127:
6757:
6332:
5849:
5075:
4939:
4892:
4733:
4728:
3957:
3915:
3642:
3516:
3220:
3159:
2261:
2056:("Road of the Conciliation"), which would symbolically link the Vatican City to the heart of Rome.
1540:
1460:
1390:
1180:
811:
799:
665:
658:
576:
486:
312:
307:
254:
5448:
2648:
2008:
Negotiations for the settlement of the Roman Question began in 1926 between the Holy See and the
6375:
6231:
5958:
5470:
5370:
4798:
4787:
3937:
3726:
3675:
3465:
3426:
3399:
3359:
3146:
3061:
3004:
2052:
2040:
2002:
1960:
1822:
1680:
1576:
1520:
1385:
1345:
1280:
1235:
990:
973:
913:
542:
493:
403:
273:
224:
3165:
2090:
7177:
7102:
6846:
6732:
6445:
5716:
5690:
5104:
4637:
3921:
3814:
3284:
2456:
2082:
2009:
1555:
1350:
1144:
463:
436:
370:
7142:
6742:
6727:
6440:
6297:
6204:
6004:
5987:
5900:
5844:
5544:
5515:
5180:
4957:
4710:
3876:
3841:
3747:
3608:
3547:
3460:
3436:
3392:
3387:
3269:
3176:
3089:
3055:
2439:
2422:
2321:
2072:
was also ended, and replaced by financing through a dedicated personal income tax called the
1734:
1726:
1485:
1355:
1340:
1325:
1285:
1225:
1149:
1139:
1122:
670:
611:
561:
536:
524:
386:
324:
205:
6792:
1869:
6974:
6969:
6964:
6959:
6954:
6949:
6944:
6939:
6934:
6901:
6828:
6671:
6631:
6450:
6352:
6327:
6266:
6071:
6046:
5982:
5538:
5427:
5063:
4922:
4566:
3991:
3846:
3834:
3482:
3475:
3264:
3154:
3114:
3109:
1495:
1430:
1395:
1200:
1127:
1105:
1053:
677:
3697:
2710:
Prisoner of the Vatican: The Popes' Secret Plot to Capture Rome from the New Italian State
2370:
8:
7062:
7023:
6747:
6737:
6686:
6544:
6530:
6390:
6132:
5895:
5748:
5721:
5329:
5160:
4053:
3928:
3790:
3542:
3344:
3314:
2102:
2050:
To commemorate the successful conclusion of the negotiations, Mussolini commissioned the
2016:, and culminated in the agreements of the Lateran Pacts, signed—the Treaty says—for King
1940:
1676:
1593:
1420:
838:
833:
646:
362:
3819:
7035:
6812:
6581:
6505:
6473:
6292:
6261:
6098:
6086:
5947:
5885:
5760:
5567:
5490:
4969:
4065:
3692:
3620:
3409:
3354:
3171:
3104:
2905:
2722:
The Pope and Mussolini: The Secret History of Pius XI and the Rise of Fascism in Europe
2242:
2074:
1605:
1365:
1220:
1025:
711:
6601:
1725:
under the sovereignty of the Holy See. The Italian government also agreed to give the
6981:
6886:
6661:
6647:
6621:
6606:
6510:
6495:
6425:
6415:
6284:
6216:
6117:
6081:
5977:
5495:
5251:
5228:
4845:
4765:
4760:
4700:
4630:
4033:
3981:
3450:
3414:
3225:
3186:
2877:
2843:
2812:
2793:
2773:
2758:
2726:
2463:
2446:
2429:
2185:
2156:
2120:
2044:
1989:
1912:
1722:
1490:
1480:
1330:
1265:
1215:
1065:
518:
339:
284:
237:
66:
1753:
A political treaty recognising the full sovereignty of the Holy See in the State of
6871:
6676:
6656:
6576:
6561:
6460:
6362:
6236:
6076:
6034:
6029:
6009:
5992:
5905:
5706:
4952:
4723:
3910:
3768:
3603:
3497:
3259:
3249:
3235:
3212:
3193:
3047:
2786:
2013:
1956:
1694:
1649:
1440:
1425:
1305:
1290:
1270:
1205:
1090:
184:
142:
2562:"Patti lateranensi, 11 febbraio 1929 - Segreteria di Stato, card. Pietro Gasparri"
6929:
6896:
6840:
6834:
6691:
6596:
6500:
6312:
5806:
5771:
5701:
5096:
4682:
3965:
3829:
3752:
3372:
3301:
3230:
2720:
2150:
2025:
1972:
1916:
1787:
1774:
1515:
1508:
1435:
1245:
1117:
1112:
853:
848:
787:
770:
412:
266:
128:
7086:
6992:
6611:
6586:
6550:
6490:
6483:
6478:
6468:
6322:
6307:
6246:
6122:
6112:
5868:
5402:
5362:
5164:
5108:
4927:
4882:
4770:
4748:
4743:
3707:
3580:
3527:
3274:
3137:
3067:
2942:
Text of the Lateran Pacts, including the financial convention and the concordat
2580:"Agreement between the Italian Republic and the Holy See (English translation)"
2145:
1976:
1710:
1706:
1657:
1550:
1455:
1295:
804:
603:
279:
6185:
2876:(in Italian). Turin: Unione tipografica editori torinese. pp. viii, 693.
2086:
present political objections to the proposed appointment of diocesan bishops.
7096:
6876:
6802:
6768:
6752:
6712:
6395:
6370:
6146:
6056:
6041:
5963:
5633:
5113:
4755:
4718:
4667:
4664:
3898:
3888:
3377:
3289:
3254:
2881:
2867:
2716:
1684:
1673:
1535:
1450:
581:
231:
173:
137:
7074:
6986:
6861:
6717:
6681:
6420:
6342:
6186:
5932:
5927:
5922:
5910:
5510:
5412:
4874:
4809:
4775:
4691:
4674:
3893:
3572:
3502:
3084:
3025:
2984:
2501:
2497:"How the Vatican built a secret property empire using Mussolini's millions"
2287:
2176:
2065:
2021:
1997:
1993:
1944:
1754:
1730:
1718:
1702:
1360:
1300:
1030:
775:
447:
297:
243:
214:
196:
123:
62:
260:
Fundamental Statute for the Secular Government of the States of the Church
6787:
6616:
6591:
6566:
6539:
6526:
6435:
6337:
6024:
5728:
4947:
4836:
4687:
3655:
3598:
1315:
1085:
1079:
792:
2953:
1963:
did not come to pass. The nascent Kingdom of Italy invaded and occupied
6571:
6156:
5711:
4909:
2948:
Italian law executing the Lateran Pacts, with the text and annexed maps
1836: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
763:
1931:
5617:
5432:
5080:
4979:
4576:
3630:
2394:
Pacts between the Holy See and the Kingdom of Italy, 11 February 1929
2115:
1923:
1783:
1746:
885:
1908:
1811:
7030:
6385:
6139:
6127:
5755:
4863:
4653:
4109:
4060:
3943:
3009:
2032:
1927:
Territory of Vatican City State, established by the Lateran Accords
1698:
1600:
782:
160:
6642:
6256:
5878:
2653:
1964:
1948:
249:
2809:
Vicars of Christ: Popes, Power, and Politics in the Modern World
2792:. New York; Chicago; San Francisco: Holt, Rinehart and Winston.
2411:
1967:(the eastern portion of the Papal States) in 1860, leaving only
6808:
Pope Pius XII 1942 consecration to the Immaculate Heart of Mary
6251:
6161:
6066:
5068:
751:
2839:
Under His Very Windows: The Vatican and the Holocaust in Italy
1757:, which was thereby established, accompanied by four annexes:
2755:
The Vatican and Italian Fascism, 1929–32: A Study in Conflict
2425:
The Vatican and Italian Fascism, 1929–32: A Study in Conflict
1968:
1075:
5461:
Palace of the Congregation for the Evangelization of Peoples
3145:
5343:
4871:
4671:
4622:
3569:
3021:
1689:
758:
91:
44:
Vatican and Italian delegations prior to signing the treaty
2873:
Commento della nuova legislazione in materia ecclesiastica
2248:(Tenth ed.). Bedford/St. Martin's. 2010. p. 900.
1971:
in the pope's domains. Latium, including Rome itself, was
6697:
Dechristianization of France during the French Revolution
3702:
571:
5578:
House of Retreat for the Clergy of Saints John and Paul
2832:, (New York, P. F. Collier & Son Corporation, 1935)
2825:
Suzzallo, Henry, Ph.D., Sc.D., LL.D., Editor in Chief,
2028:, on 11 February 1929. It was ratified on 7 June 1929.
1915:
was the right-hand man to Pius XI's Secretary of State
1709:. The treaty and associated pacts were named after the
7046:
6728:
Dogma of the Immaculate Conception of the Virgin Mary
113:
Ratification by the Holy See and the Kingdom of Italy
5471:
Palace of the Congregation for the Oriental Churches
2865:
1733:. In 1948, the Lateran Treaty was recognized in the
1717:
ratified them on 7 June 1929. The treaty recognised
1713:
where they were signed on 11 February 1929, and the
1016:
Administration of the Patrimony of the Apostolic See
5646:
5528:
3405:
Santa Maria della Pietà in Camposanto dei Teutonici
2770:
The Papacy in the Age of Totalitarianism, 1914–1958
2516:
Vatican Journal, p. 59 (entry dated June 14, 1931).
1411:
Santa Maria della Pietà in Camposanto dei Teutonici
1021:
Prefecture for the Economic Affairs of the Holy See
5801:
2788:The Vatican in the Age of the Dictators, 1922–1945
2785:
2241:
2310:"Holy See (Vatican City) Government Profile 2017"
1376:Postage stamps and postal history of Vatican City
1160:Postage stamps and postal history of Vatican City
7094:
6798:Persecutions of the Catholic Church and Pius XII
4592:Heads of the diplomatic missions of the Holy See
2649:"Vatican ends automatic adoption of Italian law"
4612:Section for Relations with States (Roman Curia)
2257:
2255:
908:Section for Relations with States (Roman Curia)
469:Corps of Firefighters of the Vatican City State
2412:"End of Roman Question: Lateran Treaty Signed"
2153:, treaty between the Holy See and Nazi Germany
2141:Public funding of the Catholic Church in Italy
1796:public funding of the Catholic Church in Italy
5787:
5629:Pontificio Collegio Urbano de Propaganda Fide
4638:
4092:
2969:
2585:. The American Society of International Law.
2322:"CIA Factbook, 'Holy See (Vatican City)&"
1687:
1625:
7163:Treaties of the Kingdom of Italy (1861–1946)
2252:
2126:List of sovereigns of the Vatican City State
1760:A map of the territory of Vatican City State
918:Undersecretaries for Relations with States:
504:Pontifical Commission for Vatican City State
5057:Permanent Observer to the Council of Europe
4602:Multilateral foreign policy of the Holy See
2690:
2688:
2091:trial and ruling of the Eluana Englaro case
1992:of 1871, the Italian government offered to
1729:financial compensation for the loss of the
930:List of diplomatic missions of the Holy See
622:List of diplomatic missions of the Holy See
6813:Dogma of the Assumption of the Virgin Mary
6763:Prayer of Consecration to the Sacred Heart
5794:
5780:
4645:
4631:
4099:
4085:
2976:
2962:
2551:The National Encyclopedia, Vol. 10, p. 266
2207:
2205:
2012:government of Italy led by Prime Minister
2005:". The Lateran Treaty ended this impasse.
1632:
1618:
1546:Restoration of the Sistine Chapel frescoes
27:1929 treaty between Italy and the Holy See
3432:Santi Martino e Sebastiano degli Svizzeri
2983:
1896:Learn how and when to remove this message
1765:buildings with extraterritorial privilege
320:History of the Catholic Church since 1962
5386:Basilica of Saint Paul Outside the Walls
2842:. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
2835:
2806:
2685:
1930:
1922:
1907:
1466:Saints Martin and Sebastian of the Swiss
2715:
2540:The Vatican in the Age of the Dictators
2202:
1321:Papal tombs in Old St. Peter's Basilica
164:
14:
7095:
2783:
2646:
2592:from the original on 22 September 2020
2188:, which the Holy See had not accepted.
2131:Index of Vatican City-related articles
1919:during the Lateran Treaty negotiations
1371:Papal Concert to Commemorate the Shoah
1155:Papal Concert to Commemorate the Shoah
861:Prefecture of the Pontifical Household
442:Code of Canons of the Eastern Churches
5775:
5123:
4626:
4080:
2957:
2750:(New York: Farrar, Straus and Cudahy)
1416:Vatican Advanced Technology Telescope
1175:Pontifical Academy of Social Sciences
912:Secretary for Relations with States:
377:Fundamental Law of Vatican City State
7158:Treaties of the Holy See (1870–1929)
3867:
2619:Articles 41–42 of the 1929 concordat
2280:"Text of the Lateran Treaty of 1929"
2045:Constitution of the Kingdom of Italy
2035:. The Pope was pledged to perpetual
1834:adding citations to reliable sources
1805:
1794:The treaty defines only part of the
474:Corps of Gendarmerie of Vatican City
7148:Treaties entered into force in 1929
6667:Suppression of the Society of Jesus
5661:Basilica of Saint Francis of Assisi
2712:(Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company).
2459:Encyclopedia of World Constitutions
2337:"La Chiesa cattolica e il fascismo"
981:Institute for the Works of Religion
961:The Holy See and the United Nations
24:
6222:Archbasilica of Saint John Lateran
5666:Basilica of Saint Anthony of Padua
5376:Archbasilica of Saint John Lateran
2647:Elgood, Giles (31 December 2008).
2610:Article 8 of the revised concordat
1531:Collection of Modern Religious Art
557:List of newspapers in Vatican City
499:Association of Vatican Lay Workers
382:Capital punishment in Vatican City
25:
7214:
7118:Political history of Vatican City
5444:Pontifical North American College
5006:Section for Relations with States
4115:Foreign relations of the Holy See
3713:Postage stamps and postal history
2929:
2743:(1961), pp. 32–35, 153, 156, 371.
2661:from the original on 9 March 2021
2444:(Manchester University Press 1995
1786:regulating relations between the
1526:Gallery of Sistine Chapel ceiling
986:Telephone numbers in Vatican City
881:Section for Relations with States
617:Foreign relations of the Holy See
572:.va (Vatican City internet sites)
7080:
7068:
7056:
7029:
7017:
6348:Fourth Council of Constantinople
6303:Second Council of Constantinople
5754:
5742:
5138:Extraordinary general assemblies
4157:
4139:Democratic Republic of the Congo
4108:
4059:
4047:
3854:Philatelic and Numismatic Office
2637:Article 19 of the 1929 concordat
2628:Article 15 of the 1929 concordat
2427:(Cambridge University Press 2005
2262:Constitution of Italy, Article 7
2175:The Italian state agreed to pay
1810:
1599:
1587:
1211:Basilica di Santa Maria Maggiore
642:Holy See–United States relations
350:Vatican City during World War II
195:
166:
153:
136:
122:
38:
7123:History of Catholicism in Italy
6318:Third Council of Constantinople
6242:First Council of Constantinople
5606:Papal Palace of Castel Gandolfo
5506:Pontifical Oratory of San Paolo
5486:Pontifical Minor Roman Seminary
5285:Latina-Terracina-Sezze-Priverno
4534:Organization of American States
2746:McCormick, Anne O'Hare (1957).
2676:
2640:
2631:
2622:
2613:
2604:
2572:
2554:
2545:
2532:
2024:by Cardinal Secretary of State
1821:needs additional citations for
1777:of its territories and property
1381:Public holidays in Vatican City
1231:Fountains of St. Peter's Square
1165:Public holidays in Vatican City
1011:Financial Information Authority
6557:Dissolution of the monasteries
5823:History of the Catholic Church
5295:Sora-Cassino-Aquino-Pontecorvo
3242:Stufetta del cardinal Bibbiena
3038:Vicar General for Vatican City
2757:. Cambridge University Press.
2519:
2510:
2399:
2387:
2267:
2234:
2169:
1170:Pontifical Academy of Sciences
1001:Rail transport in Vatican City
943:Vatican and Holy See passports
532:Secretariat for Communications
427:Tribunal of Vatican City State
422:Temporal power of the Holy See
13:
1:
7193:Legal history of Vatican City
6431:Fourth Council of the Lateran
6406:Second Council of the Lateran
6015:Apostles in the New Testament
5558:Pontifical Oriental Institute
3199:Monument to the Royal Stuarts
3095:Santo Stefano degli Ungheresi
2195:
2096:
2059:
1943:in the mid-19th century, the
1476:Santo Stefano degli Ungheresi
1256:Monument to the Royal Stuarts
737:President: G. di Sanguinetto
6545:Catholic Counter-Reformation
6411:Third Council of the Lateran
6401:First Council of the Lateran
5857:Catholic ecumenical councils
5381:Basilica of Saint Mary Major
4652:
4597:Legal status of the Holy See
4549:Observer to the UN in Geneva
3493:Santo Stefano degli Abissini
2244:A History of Western Society
2018:Victor Emmanuel III of Italy
1955:'s dream of proclaiming the
1705:to settle the long-standing
1471:Santo Stefano degli Abissini
1071:Coat of arms of Vatican City
637:Holy See–Palestine relations
551:L'Osservatore della Domenica
397:Legal status of the Holy See
7:
5563:Pontifical Lombard Seminary
5439:Pontifical Urban University
5133:Ordinary general assemblies
4880:Cardinal Secretary of State
4572:Cardinal Secretary of State
3882:Vatican Information Service
3722:Secretariat for the Economy
3578:Cardinal Secretary of State
3320:Modern and Contemporary Art
2772:. Oxford University Press.
2739:Latourette, Kenneth Scott.
2725:. Oxford University Press.
2109:
1664:) was one component of the
1446:Cardinal Secretary of State
1251:Mater Ecclesiae (monastery)
1006:Secretariat for the Economy
896:Status in international law
891:Multilateral foreign policy
654:Governorate of Vatican City
567:Vatican Information Service
459:LGBT rights in Vatican City
330:Roman Historical Institutes
10:
7219:
7153:Treaties concluded in 1929
7113:Government of Vatican City
5891:History of the Roman Curia
5656:Basilica of the Holy House
5280:Frosinone-Veroli-Ferentino
4688:Sovereignty and government
4012:Amateur Sports Association
3456:San Pellegrino in Vaticano
3383:Sant'Anna dei Palafrenieri
2936:Text of the Lateran Treaty
2807:Riccards, Michael (1998).
2748:Vatican Journal: 1921–1954
2708:Kertzer, David I. (2004).
2701:
2136:Properties of the Holy See
1801:
1740:
1406:Sant'Anna dei Palafrenieri
1401:San Pellegrino in Vaticano
1036:Properties of the Holy See
76:11 February 1929
7138:Italy–Vatican City border
7012:
6912:
6778:
6705:
6640:
6627:European wars of religion
6524:
6459:
6361:
6283:
6174:
6097:
5957:
5946:
5938:Eastern Catholic Churches
5813:
5737:
5682:
5613:Gardens of the Villa Cybo
5596:
5466:Palace of the Holy Office
5456:Palazzo della Cancelleria
5428:Palace of Saint Callixtus
5398:
5361:
5351:
5340:
5321:
5250:
5227:
5179:
5151:
5095:
4990:
4938:
4908:
4862:
4835:
4709:
4697:Sovereign judicial entity
4660:
4559:
4501:
4480:
4464:
4363:
4232:
4166:
4155:
4121:
4042:
4004:
3974:
3956:
3904:Vatican Television Center
3776:
3767:
3735:
3683:
3674:
3641:
3589:
3562:
3524:
3515:
3422:Mater Ecclesiae Monastery
3300:
3211:
3136:
3132:
3123:
3046:
2995:
2828:The National Encyclopedia
2768:Pollard, Jonh F. (2014).
2753:Pollard, John F. (2005).
2461:(Infobase Publishing 2006
1668:, agreements between the
1261:Palace of the Holy Office
1241:Geography of Vatican City
1135:Languages of Vatican City
996:Transport in Vatican City
725:President: Pio Vito Pinto
627:Holy See–Israel relations
587:Vatican Television Center
345:Vatican Historical Museum
180:
148:
117:
109:
101:
87:
72:
57:
49:
37:
7188:Interwar-period treaties
7133:Holy See–Italy relations
6758:Mary of the Divine Heart
6381:Clash against the empire
6333:Second Council of Nicaea
6227:Old St. Peter's Basilica
5554:Archaeological Institute
4739:Old St. Peter's Basilica
4734:Patrimony of Saint Peter
4729:History of papal primacy
4134:Central African Republic
3916:Vatican Publishing House
3221:Redemptoris Mater Chapel
3073:Old St. Peter's Basilica
2836:Zuccotti, Susan (2002).
2784:Rhodes, Anthony (1974).
2162:
1541:Redemptoris Mater Chapel
1461:Redemptoris Mater Chapel
1311:Old St. Peter's Basilica
1181:The Story of the Vatican
812:Universi Dominici gregis
800:Universi Dominici Gregis
666:Military of Vatican City
659:Governor of Vatican City
632:Holy See–Italy relations
577:Vatican Publishing House
546:(Vatican City newspaper)
313:2010 Vatican sex scandal
308:Governor of Vatican City
255:Congregation for Borders
204:This article is part of
7108:Modern history of Italy
7024:Vatican City portal
6376:Investiture Controversy
6232:First Council of Nicaea
5749:Vatican City portal
5481:Palace of the Vicariate
5275:Civitavecchia-Tarquinia
4799:Prisoner in the Vatican
4788:Investiture Controversy
4054:Vatican City portal
3466:Via della Conciliazione
3062:Prisoner in the Vatican
2811:. New York: Crossroad.
2527:Prisoner of the Vatican
2213:"Vatican City turns 91"
2083:declarations of nullity
2053:Via della Conciliazione
2041:international relations
2003:prisoner in the Vatican
1988:Under the terms of the
1594:Vatican City portal
1521:Vatican Gallery of Maps
1386:Vatican Secret Archives
1346:Via della Conciliazione
1236:Gardens of Vatican City
991:Tourism in Vatican City
487:Politics and government
448:Apostolic Constitution
404:Alperin v. Vatican Bank
274:Prisoner in the Vatican
7036:Catholicism portal
6847:Second Vatican Council
6733:Our Lady of La Salette
6540:Protestant Reformation
6527:Protestant Reformation
6446:Second Council of Lyon
5835:Ecclesiastical history
5761:Catholicism portal
5717:Apostolic Penitentiary
5691:Acta Apostolicae Sedis
5638:Santa Maria di Galeria
4963:For Vatican City State
4502:Multilateral relations
4376:Bosnia and Herzegovina
4066:Catholicism portal
4028:National football team
4022:National football team
3922:Acta Apostolicae Sedis
3614:For Vatican City State
2868:Alfredo Rocco, Alfredo
2694:Zuccotti, 2000, p. 48.
2682:Zuccotti, 2000, p. 37.
2479:, volume 99:3, p. 590"
1986:
1936:
1928:
1920:
1790:and the Italian state.
1688:
1661:
1653:
1606:Catholicism portal
1556:Sistine Chapel ceiling
1351:Vatican Climate Forest
1276:Saint Peter's Basilica
1145:Vatican Christmas Tree
464:Pontifical Swiss Guard
437:1983 Code of Canon Law
371:Acta Apostolicae Sedis
132:(on behalf of Pius XI)
6743:First Vatican Council
6441:First Council of Lyon
6205:Constantine the Great
5901:Christian monasticism
5545:San Carlo ai Catinari
5516:Paul VI Audience Hall
5502:Benedictine monastery
5449:Bambino Gesù Hospital
5219:Sabina-Poggio Mirteto
4581:Diplomatic missions:
4149:Republic of the Congo
3877:Holy See Press Office
3662:Corps of Firefighters
3437:Paul VI Audience Hall
3388:Domus Sanctae Marthae
3160:St. Peter's Baldachin
3090:Cortile del Belvedere
3056:History of the papacy
2938:(English translation)
2416:lactualite.tripod.com
2020:by Mussolini and for
1981:
1934:
1926:
1911:
1735:Constitution of Italy
1727:Roman Catholic Church
1666:Lateran Pacts of 1929
1486:Cortile del Belvedere
1391:St. Peter's Baldachin
1326:Paul VI Audience Hall
1226:Domus Sanctae Marthae
1150:Sport in Vatican City
1140:Women in Vatican City
1123:Music of Vatican City
612:Fabric of Saint Peter
562:Vatican Radio lawsuit
537:Holy See Press Office
525:Pontifical Commission
387:Crime in Vatican City
325:History of the Papacy
7183:February 1929 events
7173:1929 in Vatican City
6920:Sexual abuse scandal
6829:Mit brennender Sorge
6672:Age of Enlightenment
6451:Bernard of Clairvaux
6328:Byzantine Iconoclasm
6267:Council of Chalcedon
6047:Council of Jerusalem
5916:Role in civilization
5896:Religious institutes
5828:By country or region
5371:St. Peter's Basilica
5064:Apostolic nunciature
4923:College of Cardinals
4918:Secretariat of State
4607:Secretariat of State
4567:Apostolic nunciature
4350:United Arab Emirates
3938:L'Osservatore Romano
3847:Sistine Chapel Choir
3651:Corps of Gendarmerie
3476:Porta San Pellegrino
3427:Sant'Egidio in Borgo
3155:Chair of Saint Peter
3147:St. Peter's Basilica
3115:Piazza Scossacavalli
1961:St. Peter's Basilica
1941:unification of Italy
1830:improve this article
1496:Porta San Pellegrino
1431:Bibliotheca Palatina
1281:Saint Peter's Square
1201:Apostolic nunciature
1128:Sistine Chapel Choir
678:College of Cardinals
594:Secretariat of State
543:L'Osservatore Romano
7198:Victor Emmanuel III
7168:Law of Vatican City
6748:Papal infallibility
6738:Our Lady of Lourdes
6687:Shimabara Rebellion
6531:Counter-Reformation
5722:Apostolic Signatura
5550:Collegio Bellarmino
5422:Adjoining buildings
4997:Multilateral policy
3929:Annuario Pontificio
3781:Academy of Sciences
3340:Gregoriano Egiziano
2866:Jacuzio, Raffaele;
2477:Law Library Journal
2363:"Scopri StoriaLive"
2103:Italian racial laws
1935:Map of Vatican City
1677:Victor Emmanuel III
1421:Vatican Observatory
1195:Buildings/geography
1059:List of Papal flags
647:Papal apocrisiarius
34:
6793:Our Lady of Fátima
6582:Ignatius of Loyola
6506:Catherine of Siena
6474:Pope Boniface VIII
6293:Benedict of Nursia
6262:Council of Ephesus
6099:Ante-Nicene period
6052:Split with Judaism
5886:Crusading movement
5491:Collegio Teutonico
5408:Lateran University
5252:Suffragan dioceses
5229:Territorial abbeys
5199:Porto-Santa Rufina
5181:Suburbicarian sees
5143:Special assemblies
5038:Permanent Observer
4544:Observer to the UN
3693:Vatican euro coins
3488:Saint John's Tower
3461:St. Peter's Square
3410:Collegio Teutonico
3393:Holy Spirit Chapel
3355:Bramante Staircase
3335:Gregoriano Etrusco
3177:Saint Peter's tomb
3172:Vatican Necropolis
3031:List of sovereigns
2950:(original Italian)
2944:(original Italian)
2505:, 21 January 2013.
2373:on 11 October 2013
2349:on 29 October 2013
2314:www.indexmundi.com
2219:. 11 February 2020
1959:from the steps of
1937:
1929:
1921:
1715:Italian parliament
1662:Pacta Lateranensia
1366:Vatican Necropolis
1336:Torre San Giovanni
1286:Saint Peter's tomb
1221:Bramante Staircase
1184:, 1941 documentary
1026:Vatican euro coins
807:(Papal elections)
712:Dominique Mamberti
705:Court of Cassation
32:
7044:
7043:
7004:COVID-19 pandemic
6982:Pope Benedict XVI
6887:Pope John Paul II
6662:Pope Benedict XIV
6648:French Revolution
6632:Thirty Years' War
6622:Robert Bellarmine
6607:John of the Cross
6511:Pope Alexander VI
6496:Council of Vienne
6426:Francis of Assisi
6416:Pope Innocent III
6285:Early Middle Ages
6279:
6278:
6275:
6274:
6217:Arian controversy
6170:
6169:
6118:Apostolic Fathers
5769:
5768:
5678:
5677:
5674:
5673:
5636:antennae area of
5627:Summer estate of
5592:
5591:
5524:
5523:
5496:Teutonic Cemetery
5394:
5393:
5357:
5356:
5353:
5334:
5317:
5316:
5313:
5312:
5270:Civita Castellana
5173:
5117:
5091:
5090:
4856:
4793:Age of Revolution
4766:Donation of Pepin
4761:Donation of Sutri
4701:international law
4620:
4619:
4524:Council of Europe
4074:
4073:
4034:Vatican Athletics
4000:
3999:
3952:
3951:
3808:Apostolic Archive
3763:
3762:
3670:
3669:
3533:Foreign relations
3511:
3510:
3483:Ricciolo d'Italia
3451:Passetto di Borgo
3415:Teutonic Cemetery
3368:
3367:
3226:Borgia Apartments
3207:
3206:
3187:Tomb of the Julii
2913:External link in
2717:Kertzer, David I.
2457:Gerhard Robbers,
2423:John F. Pollard,
2406:Multiple sources:
2274:Multiple sources:
2186:Law of Guarantees
2184:, under the 1871
2157:Religion in Italy
2121:Law of Guarantees
1990:Law of Guarantees
1913:Francesco Pacelli
1906:
1905:
1898:
1880:
1723:independent state
1654:Patti Lateranensi
1642:
1641:
1562:The Last Judgment
1491:Passetto di Borgo
1481:Teutonic Cemetery
1331:Tomb of the Julii
1266:Palazzi Pontifici
1216:Borgia Apartments
948:Visa requirements
920:Antoine Camilleri
874:Foreign relations
819:Recent conclaves
519:Giuseppe Bertello
340:Vatileaks scandal
285:Law of Guarantees
238:Donation of Pepin
190:
189:
133:
67:Italian Peninsula
61:Establishment of
16:(Redirected from
7210:
7203:Benito Mussolini
7085:
7084:
7083:
7073:
7072:
7071:
7061:
7060:
7059:
7052:
7034:
7033:
7022:
7021:
7020:
6999:Patriarch Kirill
6872:Pope John Paul I
6677:Anti-clericalism
6657:Pope Innocent XI
6577:Society of Jesus
6562:Council of Trent
6516:Age of Discovery
6461:Late Middle Ages
6363:High Middle Ages
6353:East–West Schism
6237:Pope Sylvester I
6183:
6182:
6172:
6171:
6082:General epistles
6077:Pauline epistles
6010:John the Baptist
5993:Great Commission
5955:
5954:
5906:Catholic culture
5796:
5789:
5782:
5773:
5772:
5759:
5758:
5747:
5746:
5745:
5649:extraterritorial
5644:
5643:
5622:Adjacent gardens
5582:Nympheum of Nero
5531:extraterritorial
5526:
5525:
5418:Sancta Sanctorum
5396:
5395:
5359:
5358:
5352:
5349:
5348:
5338:
5337:
5326:
5177:
5176:
5158:
5155:province of Rome
5121:
5120:
5102:
4953:Apostolic Camera
4860:
4859:
4842:
4724:Primacy of Peter
4647:
4640:
4633:
4624:
4623:
4472:Papua New Guinea
4285:Kurdistan Region
4161:
4113:
4112:
4101:
4094:
4087:
4078:
4077:
4064:
4063:
4052:
4051:
4050:
3911:Vatican News App
3865:
3864:
3774:
3773:
3681:
3680:
3604:Apostolic Camera
3522:
3521:
3498:Vatican Pharmacy
3443:The Resurrection
3260:Niccoline Chapel
3250:Cappella Paolina
3236:Papal apartments
3213:Apostolic Palace
3194:Vatican Grottoes
3143:
3142:
3134:
3133:
3130:
3129:
2978:
2971:
2964:
2955:
2954:
2924:
2918:
2917:
2911:
2909:
2901:
2895:
2893:
2884:. Archived from
2859:Archival sources
2853:
2822:
2803:
2791:
2736:
2695:
2692:
2683:
2680:
2674:
2673:
2668:
2666:
2644:
2638:
2635:
2629:
2626:
2620:
2617:
2611:
2608:
2602:
2601:
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2591:
2584:
2576:
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2558:
2552:
2549:
2543:
2536:
2530:
2523:
2517:
2514:
2508:
2492:
2490:
2484:. Archived from
2483:
2468:978-0-81606078-8
2451:978-0-71904004-7
2434:978-0-52102366-5
2419:
2403:
2397:
2391:
2385:
2382:
2380:
2378:
2369:. Archived from
2367:www.pbmstoria.it
2358:
2356:
2354:
2348:
2342:. Archived from
2341:
2332:
2330:
2328:
2317:
2299:
2297:
2295:
2286:. Archived from
2271:
2265:
2259:
2250:
2249:
2247:
2238:
2232:
2231:
2226:
2224:
2209:
2189:
2173:
2014:Benito Mussolini
1957:Kingdom of Italy
1901:
1894:
1890:
1887:
1881:
1879:
1845:"Lateran Treaty"
1838:
1814:
1806:
1695:Benito Mussolini
1693:
1670:Kingdom of Italy
1634:
1627:
1620:
1604:
1603:
1592:
1591:
1590:
1441:Cappella Paolina
1426:Vatican Pharmacy
1356:Vatican Heliport
1306:Niccoline Chapel
1291:Lateran Basilica
1271:Papal Apartments
1206:Apostolic Palace
1091:Papal coronation
829:
720:Court of Appeals
688:
453:
303:
199:
192:
191:
176:
172:
170:
169:
159:
157:
156:
143:Benito Mussolini
141:
140:
131:
127:
126:
83:
81:
53:Bilateral treaty
42:
35:
31:
21:
7218:
7217:
7213:
7212:
7211:
7209:
7208:
7207:
7128:History of Rome
7093:
7092:
7091:
7081:
7079:
7069:
7067:
7057:
7055:
7047:
7045:
7040:
7028:
7018:
7016:
7008:
6930:World Youth Day
6908:
6897:World Youth Day
6841:Pacem in terris
6835:Pope John XXIII
6774:
6701:
6692:Edict of Nantes
6650:
6646:
6636:
6602:Teresa of Ávila
6597:Tridentine Mass
6533:
6529:
6520:
6501:Knights Templar
6455:
6357:
6313:Gregorian chant
6271:
6197:
6194:
6191:
6189:
6178:
6166:
6093:
5962:
5950:
5942:
5809:
5807:Catholic Church
5800:
5770:
5765:
5753:
5743:
5741:
5733:
5702:Papal household
5670:
5648:
5642:
5598:
5588:
5574:Sant'Apollinare
5572:Two Palaces of
5568:Russian College
5530:
5520:
5390:
5363:Major basilicas
5342:
5331:
5328:
5325:
5309:
5246:
5223:
5168:
5157:
5154:
5147:
5111:
5107:
5101:
5098:
5087:
5016:Of the Holy See
5011:To the Holy See
4994:
4992:Foreign affairs
4986:
4934:
4904:
4850:
4847:
4844:
4841:
4839:judicial entity
4838:
4831:
4705:
4683:Diocese of Rome
4656:
4651:
4621:
4616:
4587:to the Holy See
4583:of the Holy See
4555:
4497:
4476:
4460:
4416:North Macedonia
4359:
4228:
4162:
4153:
4117:
4107:
4105:
4075:
4070:
4058:
4048:
4046:
4038:
3996:
3970:
3966:Catholic Church
3948:
3863:
3859:Public holidays
3759:
3731:
3666:
3637:
3585:
3558:
3553:Fundamental Law
3507:
3373:Gregorian Tower
3364:
3302:Vatican Museums
3296:
3231:Clementine Hall
3203:
3119:
3042:
2991:
2982:
2932:
2927:
2915:
2914:
2912:
2903:
2902:
2891:
2889:
2888:on 18 June 2019
2856:
2850:
2819:
2800:
2733:
2704:
2699:
2698:
2693:
2686:
2681:
2677:
2664:
2662:
2645:
2641:
2636:
2632:
2627:
2623:
2618:
2614:
2609:
2605:
2595:
2593:
2589:
2582:
2578:
2577:
2573:
2560:
2559:
2555:
2550:
2546:
2537:
2533:
2524:
2520:
2515:
2511:
2491:on 16 May 2012.
2488:
2481:
2473:
2410:
2404:
2400:
2392:
2388:
2376:
2374:
2361:
2352:
2350:
2346:
2339:
2335:
2326:
2324:
2320:
2308:
2293:
2291:
2278:
2272:
2268:
2260:
2253:
2240:
2239:
2235:
2222:
2220:
2211:
2210:
2203:
2198:
2193:
2192:
2174:
2170:
2165:
2151:Reichskonkordat
2112:
2099:
2062:
2026:Pietro Gasparri
1917:Pietro Gasparri
1902:
1891:
1885:
1882:
1839:
1837:
1827:
1815:
1804:
1788:Catholic Church
1743:
1685:Fascist Italian
1638:
1598:
1588:
1586:
1569:
1568:
1564:by Michelangelo
1516:Vatican Museums
1511:
1509:Vatican Museums
1501:
1500:
1436:Cappella Giulia
1246:Gregorian Tower
1196:
1188:
1187:
1118:Vatican Library
1113:Vatican Museums
1108:
1098:
1097:
1049:
1041:
1040:
976:
966:
965:
957:
939:
926:
876:
866:
865:
854:Papal Gentleman
849:Papal household
843:
827:
788:Diocese of Rome
771:Catholic Church
754:
744:
743:
738:
726:
714:
686:
606:
521:
489:
479:
478:
446:
413:Doe v. Holy See
365:
355:
354:
301:
267:Capture of Rome
227:
217:
167:
165:
163:
154:
152:
135:
134:
129:Pietro Gasparri
121:
79:
77:
45:
28:
23:
22:
18:Lateran Accords
15:
12:
11:
5:
7216:
7206:
7205:
7200:
7195:
7190:
7185:
7180:
7175:
7170:
7165:
7160:
7155:
7150:
7145:
7140:
7135:
7130:
7125:
7120:
7115:
7110:
7105:
7090:
7089:
7077:
7065:
7042:
7041:
7039:
7038:
7026:
7013:
7010:
7009:
7007:
7006:
7001:
6996:
6989:
6984:
6979:
6978:
6977:
6972:
6967:
6962:
6957:
6952:
6947:
6942:
6937:
6927:
6922:
6916:
6914:
6910:
6909:
6907:
6906:
6905:
6904:
6894:
6889:
6884:
6879:
6874:
6869:
6859:
6854:
6849:
6844:
6837:
6832:
6825:
6820:
6818:Lateran Treaty
6815:
6810:
6805:
6800:
6795:
6790:
6784:
6782:
6776:
6775:
6773:
6772:
6765:
6760:
6755:
6750:
6745:
6740:
6735:
6730:
6725:
6720:
6715:
6709:
6707:
6703:
6702:
6700:
6699:
6694:
6689:
6684:
6679:
6674:
6669:
6664:
6659:
6653:
6651:
6643:Baroque period
6641:
6638:
6637:
6635:
6634:
6629:
6624:
6619:
6614:
6612:Peter Canisius
6609:
6604:
6599:
6594:
6589:
6587:Francis Xavier
6584:
6579:
6574:
6569:
6564:
6559:
6554:
6551:Exsurge Domine
6547:
6542:
6536:
6534:
6525:
6522:
6521:
6519:
6518:
6513:
6508:
6503:
6498:
6493:
6491:Pope Clement V
6488:
6487:
6486:
6484:Avignon Papacy
6479:Western Schism
6476:
6471:
6469:Thomas Aquinas
6465:
6463:
6457:
6456:
6454:
6453:
6448:
6443:
6438:
6433:
6428:
6423:
6418:
6413:
6408:
6403:
6398:
6393:
6388:
6383:
6378:
6373:
6367:
6365:
6359:
6358:
6356:
6355:
6350:
6345:
6340:
6335:
6330:
6325:
6323:Saint Boniface
6320:
6315:
6310:
6308:Pope Gregory I
6305:
6300:
6295:
6289:
6287:
6281:
6280:
6277:
6276:
6273:
6272:
6270:
6269:
6264:
6259:
6254:
6249:
6247:Biblical canon
6244:
6239:
6234:
6229:
6224:
6219:
6214:
6213:
6212:
6201:
6199:
6180:
6176:Late antiquity
6168:
6167:
6165:
6164:
6159:
6154:
6149:
6144:
6143:
6142:
6137:
6136:
6135:
6130:
6125:
6123:Pope Clement I
6113:Church Fathers
6110:
6104:
6102:
6095:
6094:
6092:
6091:
6090:
6089:
6084:
6079:
6074:
6069:
6064:
6054:
6049:
6044:
6039:
6038:
6037:
6032:
6027:
6022:
6012:
6007:
6002:
5997:
5996:
5995:
5990:
5985:
5980:
5969:
5967:
5952:
5944:
5943:
5941:
5940:
5935:
5930:
5925:
5920:
5919:
5918:
5913:
5903:
5898:
5893:
5888:
5883:
5882:
5881:
5876:
5874:Biblical canon
5869:Catholic Bible
5866:
5865:
5864:
5854:
5853:
5852:
5842:
5837:
5832:
5831:
5830:
5819:
5817:
5811:
5810:
5799:
5798:
5791:
5784:
5776:
5767:
5766:
5764:
5763:
5751:
5738:
5735:
5734:
5732:
5731:
5726:
5725:
5724:
5719:
5709:
5704:
5699:
5694:
5686:
5684:
5680:
5679:
5676:
5675:
5672:
5671:
5669:
5668:
5663:
5658:
5652:
5650:
5641:
5640:
5631:
5625:
5624:
5623:
5620:
5614:
5611:
5602:
5600:
5594:
5593:
5590:
5589:
5587:
5586:
5585:
5584:
5576:
5570:
5565:
5560:
5555:
5552:
5547:
5541:
5537:Palace of the
5534:
5532:
5522:
5521:
5519:
5518:
5513:
5508:
5503:
5500:
5499:
5498:
5488:
5483:
5478:
5473:
5468:
5463:
5458:
5453:
5452:
5451:
5446:
5441:
5430:
5425:
5424:
5423:
5420:
5415:
5410:
5403:Lateran Palace
5399:
5392:
5391:
5389:
5388:
5383:
5378:
5373:
5367:
5365:
5355:
5354:
5346:
5335:
5332:territoriality
5319:
5318:
5315:
5314:
5311:
5310:
5308:
5307:
5302:
5297:
5292:
5287:
5282:
5277:
5272:
5267:
5262:
5256:
5254:
5248:
5247:
5245:
5244:
5239:
5233:
5231:
5225:
5224:
5222:
5221:
5216:
5211:
5206:
5201:
5196:
5194:Velletri-Segni
5191:
5185:
5183:
5174:
5153:Ecclesiastical
5149:
5148:
5146:
5145:
5140:
5135:
5129:
5127:
5118:
5109:full communion
5093:
5092:
5089:
5088:
5086:
5085:
5084:
5083:
5073:
5072:
5071:
5061:
5060:
5059:
5052:European Union
5049:
5048:
5047:
5046:
5045:
5033:United Nations
5030:
5025:
5024:
5023:
5013:
5008:
5002:
5000:
4988:
4987:
4985:
4984:
4983:
4982:
4977:
4972:
4967:
4966:
4965:
4955:
4944:
4942:
4936:
4935:
4933:
4932:
4931:
4930:
4928:Papal conclave
4920:
4914:
4912:
4906:
4905:
4903:
4902:
4901:
4900:
4895:
4885:
4883:Pietro Parolin
4877:
4868:
4866:
4857:
4833:
4832:
4830:
4829:
4824:
4819:
4818:
4817:
4815:Lateran Treaty
4807:
4802:
4795:
4790:
4785:
4784:
4783:
4781:Temporal power
4773:
4771:Avignon Papacy
4768:
4763:
4758:
4753:
4752:
4751:
4744:Lateran Palace
4741:
4736:
4731:
4726:
4721:
4715:
4713:
4707:
4706:
4704:
4703:
4694:
4685:
4661:
4658:
4657:
4650:
4649:
4642:
4635:
4627:
4618:
4617:
4615:
4614:
4609:
4604:
4599:
4594:
4589:
4579:
4574:
4569:
4563:
4561:
4560:Related topics
4557:
4556:
4554:
4553:
4552:
4551:
4546:
4539:United Nations
4536:
4531:
4529:European Union
4526:
4521:
4516:
4511:
4505:
4503:
4499:
4498:
4496:
4495:
4490:
4484:
4482:
4478:
4477:
4475:
4474:
4468:
4466:
4462:
4461:
4459:
4458:
4456:United Kingdom
4453:
4448:
4443:
4438:
4433:
4428:
4423:
4418:
4413:
4408:
4403:
4398:
4393:
4388:
4383:
4378:
4373:
4367:
4365:
4361:
4360:
4358:
4357:
4352:
4347:
4342:
4337:
4332:
4327:
4322:
4317:
4312:
4307:
4302:
4297:
4292:
4287:
4282:
4277:
4272:
4267:
4262:
4257:
4252:
4247:
4242:
4236:
4234:
4230:
4229:
4227:
4226:
4221:
4216:
4211:
4206:
4201:
4196:
4191:
4186:
4181:
4176:
4170:
4168:
4164:
4163:
4156:
4154:
4152:
4151:
4146:
4141:
4136:
4131:
4125:
4123:
4119:
4118:
4104:
4103:
4096:
4089:
4081:
4072:
4071:
4069:
4068:
4056:
4043:
4040:
4039:
4037:
4036:
4031:
4025:
4019:
4014:
4008:
4006:
4002:
4001:
3998:
3997:
3995:
3994:
3989:
3984:
3978:
3976:
3972:
3971:
3969:
3968:
3962:
3960:
3954:
3953:
3950:
3949:
3947:
3946:
3941:
3934:
3933:
3932:
3925:
3913:
3908:
3907:
3906:
3901:
3896:
3886:
3885:
3884:
3873:
3871:
3862:
3861:
3856:
3851:
3850:
3849:
3839:
3838:
3837:
3827:
3822:
3817:
3815:Climate Forest
3812:
3811:
3810:
3800:
3795:
3794:
3793:
3788:
3777:
3771:
3765:
3764:
3761:
3760:
3758:
3757:
3756:
3755:
3750:
3739:
3737:
3736:Infrastructure
3733:
3732:
3730:
3729:
3724:
3719:
3718:
3717:
3716:
3715:
3708:Poste Vaticane
3705:
3698:Communications
3695:
3690:
3684:
3678:
3672:
3671:
3668:
3667:
3665:
3664:
3658:
3653:
3647:
3645:
3639:
3638:
3636:
3635:
3634:
3633:
3628:
3623:
3618:
3617:
3616:
3606:
3595:
3593:
3587:
3586:
3584:
3583:
3581:Pietro Parolin
3575:
3566:
3564:
3560:
3559:
3557:
3556:
3555:
3550:
3540:
3535:
3530:
3525:
3519:
3513:
3512:
3509:
3508:
3506:
3505:
3500:
3495:
3490:
3485:
3480:
3479:
3478:
3473:
3468:
3458:
3453:
3448:
3447:
3446:
3434:
3429:
3424:
3419:
3418:
3417:
3412:
3402:
3397:
3396:
3395:
3385:
3380:
3375:
3369:
3366:
3365:
3363:
3362:
3357:
3352:
3347:
3342:
3337:
3332:
3327:
3325:Pio-Clementino
3322:
3317:
3312:
3306:
3304:
3298:
3297:
3295:
3294:
3293:
3292:
3287:
3282:
3275:Sistine Chapel
3272:
3267:
3262:
3257:
3252:
3247:
3246:
3245:
3233:
3228:
3223:
3217:
3215:
3209:
3208:
3205:
3204:
3202:
3201:
3196:
3191:
3190:
3189:
3184:
3179:
3169:
3162:
3157:
3151:
3149:
3140:
3138:Major basilica
3127:
3121:
3120:
3118:
3117:
3112:
3107:
3102:
3100:Lateran Treaty
3097:
3092:
3087:
3082:
3081:
3080:
3070:
3068:Circus of Nero
3065:
3058:
3052:
3050:
3044:
3043:
3041:
3040:
3035:
3034:
3033:
3019:
3018:
3017:
3007:
3002:
2996:
2993:
2992:
2981:
2980:
2973:
2966:
2958:
2952:
2951:
2945:
2939:
2931:
2930:External links
2928:
2926:
2925:
2862:
2855:
2854:
2848:
2833:
2823:
2817:
2804:
2798:
2781:
2766:
2763:978-0521023665
2751:
2744:
2737:
2731:
2713:
2705:
2703:
2700:
2697:
2696:
2684:
2675:
2639:
2630:
2621:
2612:
2603:
2571:
2566:www.vatican.va
2553:
2544:
2531:
2518:
2509:
2507:
2506:
2494:
2471:
2454:
2440:John Whittam,
2437:
2420:
2398:
2386:
2384:
2383:
2359:
2333:
2318:
2306:
2300:
2290:on 23 May 2018
2266:
2251:
2233:
2200:
2199:
2197:
2194:
2191:
2190:
2167:
2166:
2164:
2161:
2160:
2159:
2154:
2148:
2146:Roman Question
2143:
2138:
2133:
2128:
2123:
2118:
2111:
2108:
2098:
2095:
2075:otto per mille
2061:
2058:
1977:Roman Question
1953:Camillo Cavour
1904:
1903:
1818:
1816:
1809:
1803:
1800:
1792:
1791:
1780:
1779:
1778:
1771:
1768:
1761:
1742:
1739:
1711:Lateran Palace
1707:Roman question
1681:Prime Minister
1646:Lateran Treaty
1640:
1639:
1637:
1636:
1629:
1622:
1614:
1611:
1610:
1609:
1608:
1596:
1584:
1579:
1571:
1570:
1567:
1566:
1558:
1553:
1551:Sistine Chapel
1548:
1543:
1538:
1533:
1528:
1523:
1518:
1512:
1507:
1506:
1503:
1502:
1499:
1498:
1493:
1488:
1483:
1478:
1473:
1468:
1463:
1458:
1456:Circus of Nero
1453:
1448:
1443:
1438:
1433:
1428:
1423:
1418:
1413:
1408:
1403:
1398:
1393:
1388:
1383:
1378:
1373:
1368:
1363:
1358:
1353:
1348:
1343:
1338:
1333:
1328:
1323:
1318:
1313:
1308:
1303:
1298:
1296:Lateran Palace
1293:
1288:
1283:
1278:
1273:
1268:
1263:
1258:
1253:
1248:
1243:
1238:
1233:
1228:
1223:
1218:
1213:
1208:
1203:
1197:
1194:
1193:
1190:
1189:
1186:
1185:
1177:
1172:
1167:
1162:
1157:
1152:
1147:
1142:
1137:
1132:
1131:
1130:
1120:
1115:
1109:
1104:
1103:
1100:
1099:
1096:
1095:
1094:
1093:
1083:
1073:
1068:
1063:
1062:
1061:
1050:
1047:
1046:
1043:
1042:
1039:
1038:
1033:
1028:
1023:
1018:
1013:
1008:
1003:
998:
993:
988:
983:
977:
972:
971:
968:
967:
964:
963:
956:
955:
950:
945:
938:
937:
932:
925:
924:
923:
922:
916:
914:Paul Gallagher
905:
904:
903:
901:Lateran Treaty
893:
888:
883:
877:
872:
871:
868:
867:
864:
863:
858:
857:
856:
846:
845:
844:
842:
841:
836:
831:
822:
817:
816:
815:
805:Papal conclave
802:
797:
796:
795:
790:
780:
779:
778:
768:
767:
766:
755:
750:
749:
746:
745:
742:
741:
740:
739:
736:
729:
728:
727:
724:
717:
716:
715:
709:
702:
697:
696:
695:
690:
675:
674:
673:
663:
662:
661:
651:
650:
649:
644:
639:
634:
629:
624:
614:
609:
608:
607:
604:Pietro Parolin
598:
591:
590:
589:
584:
579:
574:
569:
564:
559:
554:
547:
539:
529:
528:
527:
522:
513:
511:
501:
496:
490:
485:
484:
481:
480:
477:
476:
471:
466:
461:
456:
455:
454:
444:
439:
429:
424:
419:
418:
417:
408:
394:
392:Lateran Treaty
389:
384:
379:
374:
366:
361:
360:
357:
356:
353:
352:
347:
342:
337:
332:
327:
322:
317:
316:
315:
310:
295:
292:Lateran Treaty
289:
288:
287:
282:
280:Roman Question
276:" (1870–1929)
270:
264:
263:
262:
257:
252:
241:
235:
228:
223:
222:
219:
218:
213:
210:
209:
201:
200:
188:
187:
182:
178:
177:
150:
146:
145:
119:
115:
114:
111:
107:
106:
103:
99:
98:
89:
85:
84:
74:
70:
69:
59:
55:
54:
51:
47:
46:
43:
33:Lateran Treaty
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
7215:
7204:
7201:
7199:
7196:
7194:
7191:
7189:
7186:
7184:
7181:
7179:
7178:1920s in Rome
7176:
7174:
7171:
7169:
7166:
7164:
7161:
7159:
7156:
7154:
7151:
7149:
7146:
7144:
7141:
7139:
7136:
7134:
7131:
7129:
7126:
7124:
7121:
7119:
7116:
7114:
7111:
7109:
7106:
7104:
7103:1929 in Italy
7101:
7100:
7098:
7088:
7078:
7076:
7066:
7064:
7054:
7053:
7050:
7037:
7032:
7027:
7025:
7015:
7014:
7011:
7005:
7002:
7000:
6997:
6995:
6994:
6990:
6988:
6985:
6983:
6980:
6976:
6973:
6971:
6968:
6966:
6963:
6961:
6958:
6956:
6953:
6951:
6948:
6946:
6943:
6941:
6938:
6936:
6933:
6932:
6931:
6928:
6926:
6923:
6921:
6918:
6917:
6915:
6911:
6903:
6900:
6899:
6898:
6895:
6893:
6890:
6888:
6885:
6883:
6880:
6878:
6877:Mother Teresa
6875:
6873:
6870:
6867:
6863:
6860:
6858:
6855:
6853:
6850:
6848:
6845:
6843:
6842:
6838:
6836:
6833:
6831:
6830:
6826:
6824:
6821:
6819:
6816:
6814:
6811:
6809:
6806:
6804:
6803:Pope Pius XII
6801:
6799:
6796:
6794:
6791:
6789:
6786:
6785:
6783:
6781:
6777:
6771:
6770:
6769:Rerum novarum
6766:
6764:
6761:
6759:
6756:
6754:
6753:Pope Leo XIII
6751:
6749:
6746:
6744:
6741:
6739:
6736:
6734:
6731:
6729:
6726:
6724:
6723:United States
6721:
6719:
6716:
6714:
6713:Pope Pius VII
6711:
6710:
6708:
6704:
6698:
6695:
6693:
6690:
6688:
6685:
6683:
6680:
6678:
6675:
6673:
6670:
6668:
6665:
6663:
6660:
6658:
6655:
6654:
6652:
6649:
6644:
6639:
6633:
6630:
6628:
6625:
6623:
6620:
6618:
6615:
6613:
6610:
6608:
6605:
6603:
6600:
6598:
6595:
6593:
6590:
6588:
6585:
6583:
6580:
6578:
6575:
6573:
6570:
6568:
6565:
6563:
6560:
6558:
6555:
6553:
6552:
6548:
6546:
6543:
6541:
6538:
6537:
6535:
6532:
6528:
6523:
6517:
6514:
6512:
6509:
6507:
6504:
6502:
6499:
6497:
6494:
6492:
6489:
6485:
6482:
6481:
6480:
6477:
6475:
6472:
6470:
6467:
6466:
6464:
6462:
6458:
6452:
6449:
6447:
6444:
6442:
6439:
6437:
6434:
6432:
6429:
6427:
6424:
6422:
6419:
6417:
6414:
6412:
6409:
6407:
6404:
6402:
6399:
6397:
6396:Scholasticism
6394:
6392:
6389:
6387:
6384:
6382:
6379:
6377:
6374:
6372:
6371:Pope Urban II
6369:
6368:
6366:
6364:
6360:
6354:
6351:
6349:
6346:
6344:
6341:
6339:
6336:
6334:
6331:
6329:
6326:
6324:
6321:
6319:
6316:
6314:
6311:
6309:
6306:
6304:
6301:
6299:
6296:
6294:
6291:
6290:
6288:
6286:
6282:
6268:
6265:
6263:
6260:
6258:
6255:
6253:
6250:
6248:
6245:
6243:
6240:
6238:
6235:
6233:
6230:
6228:
6225:
6223:
6220:
6218:
6215:
6211:
6208:
6207:
6206:
6203:
6202:
6200:
6196:
6188:
6184:
6181:
6177:
6173:
6163:
6160:
6158:
6155:
6153:
6150:
6148:
6147:Justin Martyr
6145:
6141:
6138:
6134:
6131:
6129:
6126:
6124:
6121:
6120:
6119:
6116:
6115:
6114:
6111:
6109:
6106:
6105:
6103:
6100:
6096:
6088:
6085:
6083:
6080:
6078:
6075:
6073:
6070:
6068:
6065:
6063:
6060:
6059:
6058:
6057:New Testament
6055:
6053:
6050:
6048:
6045:
6043:
6040:
6036:
6033:
6031:
6028:
6026:
6023:
6021:
6020:Commissioning
6018:
6017:
6016:
6013:
6011:
6008:
6006:
6003:
6001:
5998:
5994:
5991:
5989:
5986:
5984:
5981:
5979:
5976:
5975:
5974:
5971:
5970:
5968:
5965:
5964:Apostolic Age
5960:
5956:
5953:
5949:
5945:
5939:
5936:
5934:
5931:
5929:
5926:
5924:
5921:
5917:
5914:
5912:
5909:
5908:
5907:
5904:
5902:
5899:
5897:
5894:
5892:
5889:
5887:
5884:
5880:
5877:
5875:
5872:
5871:
5870:
5867:
5863:
5860:
5859:
5858:
5855:
5851:
5850:Papal primacy
5848:
5847:
5846:
5843:
5841:
5838:
5836:
5833:
5829:
5826:
5825:
5824:
5821:
5820:
5818:
5816:
5812:
5808:
5804:
5797:
5792:
5790:
5785:
5783:
5778:
5777:
5774:
5762:
5757:
5752:
5750:
5740:
5739:
5736:
5730:
5727:
5723:
5720:
5718:
5715:
5714:
5713:
5710:
5708:
5707:Peter's Pence
5705:
5703:
5700:
5698:
5695:
5693:
5692:
5688:
5687:
5685:
5681:
5667:
5664:
5662:
5659:
5657:
5654:
5653:
5651:
5645:
5639:
5635:
5634:Vatican Radio
5632:
5630:
5626:
5621:
5619:
5615:
5612:
5609:
5608:
5607:
5604:
5603:
5601:
5595:
5583:
5580:
5579:
5577:
5575:
5571:
5569:
5566:
5564:
5561:
5559:
5556:
5553:
5551:
5548:
5546:
5542:
5540:
5539:Holy Apostles
5536:
5535:
5533:
5527:
5517:
5514:
5512:
5509:
5507:
5504:
5501:
5497:
5494:
5493:
5492:
5489:
5487:
5484:
5482:
5479:
5477:
5474:
5472:
5469:
5467:
5464:
5462:
5459:
5457:
5454:
5450:
5447:
5445:
5442:
5440:
5437:
5436:
5434:
5431:
5429:
5426:
5421:
5419:
5416:
5414:
5411:
5409:
5406:
5405:
5404:
5401:
5400:
5397:
5387:
5384:
5382:
5379:
5377:
5374:
5372:
5369:
5368:
5366:
5364:
5360:
5350:
5347:
5345:
5339:
5336:
5333:
5324:
5320:
5306:
5303:
5301:
5298:
5296:
5293:
5291:
5288:
5286:
5283:
5281:
5278:
5276:
5273:
5271:
5268:
5266:
5265:Anagni-Alatri
5263:
5261:
5258:
5257:
5255:
5253:
5249:
5243:
5240:
5238:
5235:
5234:
5232:
5230:
5226:
5220:
5217:
5215:
5212:
5210:
5207:
5205:
5202:
5200:
5197:
5195:
5192:
5190:
5187:
5186:
5184:
5182:
5178:
5175:
5171:
5166:
5162:
5156:
5150:
5144:
5141:
5139:
5136:
5134:
5131:
5130:
5128:
5126:
5122:
5119:
5115:
5114:Papal primacy
5110:
5106:
5100:
5094:
5082:
5079:
5078:
5077:
5074:
5070:
5067:
5066:
5065:
5062:
5058:
5055:
5054:
5053:
5050:
5044:
5041:
5040:
5039:
5036:
5035:
5034:
5031:
5029:
5026:
5022:
5019:
5018:
5017:
5014:
5012:
5009:
5007:
5004:
5003:
5001:
4998:
4993:
4989:
4981:
4978:
4976:
4975:Congregations
4973:
4971:
4968:
4964:
4961:
4960:
4959:
4956:
4954:
4951:
4950:
4949:
4946:
4945:
4943:
4941:
4937:
4929:
4926:
4925:
4924:
4921:
4919:
4916:
4915:
4913:
4911:
4907:
4899:
4896:
4894:
4891:
4890:
4889:
4886:
4884:
4881:
4878:
4876:
4873:
4870:
4869:
4867:
4865:
4861:
4858:
4854:
4849:
4846:international
4840:
4834:
4828:
4825:
4823:
4820:
4816:
4813:
4812:
4811:
4808:
4806:
4803:
4800:
4796:
4794:
4791:
4789:
4786:
4782:
4779:
4778:
4777:
4774:
4772:
4769:
4767:
4764:
4762:
4759:
4757:
4756:Duchy of Rome
4754:
4750:
4747:
4746:
4745:
4742:
4740:
4737:
4735:
4732:
4730:
4727:
4725:
4722:
4720:
4719:Apostolic see
4717:
4716:
4714:
4712:
4708:
4702:
4698:
4695:
4693:
4689:
4686:
4684:
4680:
4676:
4673:
4669:
4668:episcopal see
4666:
4663:
4662:
4659:
4655:
4648:
4643:
4641:
4636:
4634:
4629:
4628:
4625:
4613:
4610:
4608:
4605:
4603:
4600:
4598:
4595:
4593:
4590:
4588:
4584:
4580:
4578:
4575:
4573:
4570:
4568:
4565:
4564:
4562:
4558:
4550:
4547:
4545:
4542:
4541:
4540:
4537:
4535:
4532:
4530:
4527:
4525:
4522:
4520:
4517:
4515:
4512:
4510:
4509:African Union
4507:
4506:
4504:
4500:
4494:
4491:
4489:
4486:
4485:
4483:
4479:
4473:
4470:
4469:
4467:
4463:
4457:
4454:
4452:
4449:
4447:
4444:
4442:
4439:
4437:
4434:
4432:
4429:
4427:
4424:
4422:
4419:
4417:
4414:
4412:
4409:
4407:
4404:
4402:
4399:
4397:
4394:
4392:
4389:
4387:
4384:
4382:
4379:
4377:
4374:
4372:
4369:
4368:
4366:
4362:
4356:
4353:
4351:
4348:
4346:
4343:
4341:
4338:
4336:
4333:
4331:
4328:
4326:
4323:
4321:
4318:
4316:
4313:
4311:
4308:
4306:
4303:
4301:
4298:
4296:
4293:
4291:
4288:
4286:
4283:
4281:
4278:
4276:
4273:
4271:
4268:
4266:
4263:
4261:
4258:
4256:
4253:
4251:
4248:
4246:
4243:
4241:
4238:
4237:
4235:
4231:
4225:
4222:
4220:
4217:
4215:
4214:United States
4212:
4210:
4207:
4205:
4202:
4200:
4197:
4195:
4192:
4190:
4187:
4185:
4182:
4180:
4177:
4175:
4172:
4171:
4169:
4165:
4160:
4150:
4147:
4145:
4142:
4140:
4137:
4135:
4132:
4130:
4127:
4126:
4124:
4120:
4116:
4111:
4102:
4097:
4095:
4090:
4088:
4083:
4082:
4079:
4067:
4062:
4057:
4055:
4045:
4044:
4041:
4035:
4032:
4029:
4026:
4023:
4020:
4018:
4015:
4013:
4010:
4009:
4007:
4003:
3993:
3990:
3988:
3985:
3983:
3980:
3979:
3977:
3973:
3967:
3964:
3963:
3961:
3959:
3955:
3945:
3942:
3940:
3939:
3935:
3931:
3930:
3926:
3924:
3923:
3919:
3918:
3917:
3914:
3912:
3909:
3905:
3902:
3900:
3899:Vatican Radio
3897:
3895:
3892:
3891:
3890:
3889:Vatican Media
3887:
3883:
3880:
3879:
3878:
3875:
3874:
3872:
3870:
3866:
3860:
3857:
3855:
3852:
3848:
3845:
3844:
3843:
3840:
3836:
3833:
3832:
3831:
3828:
3826:
3823:
3821:
3818:
3816:
3813:
3809:
3806:
3805:
3804:
3801:
3799:
3796:
3792:
3789:
3787:
3784:
3783:
3782:
3779:
3778:
3775:
3772:
3770:
3766:
3754:
3751:
3749:
3746:
3745:
3744:
3741:
3740:
3738:
3734:
3728:
3725:
3723:
3720:
3714:
3711:
3710:
3709:
3706:
3704:
3701:
3700:
3699:
3696:
3694:
3691:
3689:
3686:
3685:
3682:
3679:
3677:
3673:
3663:
3659:
3657:
3654:
3652:
3649:
3648:
3646:
3644:
3640:
3632:
3629:
3627:
3626:Congregations
3624:
3622:
3619:
3615:
3612:
3611:
3610:
3607:
3605:
3602:
3601:
3600:
3597:
3596:
3594:
3592:
3588:
3582:
3579:
3576:
3574:
3571:
3568:
3567:
3565:
3561:
3554:
3551:
3549:
3546:
3545:
3544:
3541:
3539:
3538:Vicar General
3536:
3534:
3531:
3529:
3526:
3523:
3520:
3518:
3514:
3504:
3501:
3499:
3496:
3494:
3491:
3489:
3486:
3484:
3481:
3477:
3474:
3472:
3469:
3467:
3464:
3463:
3462:
3459:
3457:
3454:
3452:
3449:
3445:
3444:
3440:
3439:
3438:
3435:
3433:
3430:
3428:
3425:
3423:
3420:
3416:
3413:
3411:
3408:
3407:
3406:
3403:
3401:
3398:
3394:
3391:
3390:
3389:
3386:
3384:
3381:
3379:
3378:Casina Pio IV
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2015:
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1886:February 2018
1878:
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1847: –
1846:
1842:
1841:Find sources:
1835:
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1824:
1819:This section
1817:
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700:Vical General
698:
694:
691:
689:
687:(Chamberlain)
685:
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582:Vatican Radio
580:
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232:Duchy of Rome
230:
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68:
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56:
52:
48:
41:
36:
30:
19:
7143:Pope Pius XI
7063:Vatican City
6991:
6987:Pope Francis
6913:21st century
6862:Pope Paul VI
6839:
6827:
6817:
6780:20th century
6767:
6718:Pope Pius IX
6706:19th century
6682:Pope Pius VI
6549:
6421:Latin Empire
6391:Universities
6343:Pope Leo III
6210:Christianity
6195:state church
6187:Great Church
5988:Resurrection
5951:(30–325/476)
5948:Early Church
5933:Latin Church
5928:Papal States
5923:Vatican City
5689:
5511:Beda College
5413:Scala Sancta
5237:Montecassino
5170:Vatican City
4853:Legal status
4822:World War II
4814:
4810:Vatican City
4805:Savoyard era
4776:Papal States
4692:Vatican City
4488:Soviet Union
4325:Saudi Arabia
4017:Cricket team
3987:Coat of arms
3936:
3927:
3920:
3894:Vatican News
3820:Demographics
3798:Architecture
3786:AT telescope
3503:Vatican Hill
3441:
3350:Ethnographic
3240:
3164:
3099:
3085:Leonine City
2985:Vatican City
2896:– via
2890:. Retrieved
2886:the original
2872:
2858:
2857:
2838:
2826:
2808:
2787:
2769:
2754:
2747:
2740:
2721:
2709:
2678:
2670:
2663:. Retrieved
2652:
2642:
2633:
2624:
2615:
2606:
2594:. Retrieved
2574:
2565:
2556:
2547:
2539:
2534:
2526:
2521:
2512:
2502:The Guardian
2500:
2486:the original
2476:
2458:
2441:
2424:
2415:
2405:
2401:
2389:
2375:. Retrieved
2371:the original
2366:
2351:. Retrieved
2344:the original
2325:. Retrieved
2313:
2292:. Retrieved
2288:the original
2283:
2273:
2269:
2243:
2236:
2228:
2221:. Retrieved
2217:Vatican News
2216:
2181:
2171:
2100:
2088:
2080:
2073:
2070:
2066:World War II
2063:
2051:
2049:
2030:
2022:Pope Pius XI
2007:
1994:Pope Pius IX
1987:
1982:
1945:Papal States
1938:
1892:
1883:
1873:
1866:
1859:
1852:
1840:
1828:Please help
1823:verification
1820:
1793:
1775:loss in 1870
1755:Vatican City
1744:
1731:Papal States
1719:Vatican City
1703:Pope Pius XI
1665:
1645:
1643:
1561:
1361:Vatican Hill
1301:Leonine City
1179:
1031:Vatican lira
900:
810:
776:Latin Church
683:
549:
541:
450:Pastor Bonus
449:
411:
402:
391:
369:
335:Savoyard Era
298:Vatican City
291:
244:Papal States
215:Vatican City
29:
6993:Laudato si'
6788:Pope Pius X
6617:Philip Neri
6592:Pope Pius V
6567:Thomas More
6436:Inquisition
6338:Charlemagne
6298:Monasticism
6108:Persecution
6000:Holy Spirit
5983:Crucifixion
5862:First seven
5729:Swiss Guard
5476:Palazzo Pio
4980:Dicasteries
4958:Commissions
4948:Roman Curia
4827:Warsaw Pact
4519:Arab League
4451:Switzerland
4330:South Korea
4320:Philippines
4144:Ivory Coast
3791:observatory
3656:Swiss Guard
3631:Dicasteries
3609:Commissions
3599:Roman Curia
3330:Chiaramonti
3270:Scala Regia
3182:Papal tombs
3105:Borgo Nuovo
3078:Papal tombs
2830:: Volume 10
2596:2 September
2470:), p. 1007.
2223:2 September
1939:During the
1341:Scala Regia
1316:Papal tombs
1086:Papal tiara
953:Visa policy
793:Roman Curia
710:President:
671:Noble Guard
246:(754–1870)
118:Signatories
105:7 June 1929
63:papal state
7097:Categories
6866:coronation
6572:Pope Leo X
6157:Tertullian
6087:Revelation
6062:Background
5712:Roman Rota
5610:Papal farm
5543:Palace of
5435:Hill area
5323:Properties
5209:Palestrina
5081:Concordats
4940:Government
4910:Governance
4577:Concordats
4493:Yugoslavia
4240:Bangladesh
3660:See also:
3591:Government
3563:Governance
3310:Historical
3280:altarpiece
3265:Sala Regia
3015:Properties
2916:|via=
2898:archive.is
2377:26 October
2353:26 October
2327:26 October
2196:References
2177:Lire
2097:Violations
2060:After 1946
2037:neutrality
1998:Lire
1984:sovereign.
1856:newspapers
1697:) and the
1679:(with his
1396:Sala Regia
886:Concordats
764:Popemobile
684:Camerlengo
80:1929-02-11
6882:Communism
6852:Ecumenism
6198:(380–451)
6190:(180–451)
6179:(313–476)
6101:(100–325)
5618:Barberini
5433:Gianicolo
5327:including
5161:Vicariate
5105:universal
5043:in Geneva
4888:Cardinals
4864:Officials
4837:Sovereign
4665:Apostolic
4335:Sri Lanka
4315:Palestine
4260:Indonesia
4224:Venezuela
4204:Nicaragua
4174:Argentina
3825:Languages
3743:Transport
3528:Elections
3471:Fountains
3315:Paintings
3125:Geography
2906:cite book
2892:27 August
2882:250715403
2665:9 January
2525:Kertzer,
2453:), p. 77.
2436:), p. 43.
2182:per annum
2116:Concordat
2064:The post-
1784:concordat
1747:concordat
1078:(Vatican
732:Tribunale
600:Secretary
515:President
509:President
432:Canon law
234:(554–751)
110:Condition
102:Effective
6892:HIV/AIDS
6386:Crusades
6140:Irenaeus
6133:Ignatius
6128:Polycarp
5978:Ministry
5966:(30–100)
5840:Timeline
5683:See also
5204:Frascati
5076:Treaties
4970:Councils
4898:Advisers
4654:Holy See
4381:Bulgaria
4310:Pakistan
4295:Malaysia
4167:Americas
3958:Religion
3944:Pope2you
3803:Archives
3748:Heliport
3643:Military
3621:Councils
3517:Politics
3010:Holy See
2989:articles
2870:(1932).
2719:(2014).
2659:Archived
2587:Archived
2538:Rhodes,
2529:, p. 292
2110:See also
2033:Holy See
1973:occupied
1763:Maps of
1699:Holy See
1080:postcode
783:Holy See
494:Archives
206:a series
181:Language
161:Holy See
88:Location
7087:History
7049:Portals
6857:Judaism
6257:Vulgate
6067:Gospels
6042:Stephen
5959:Origins
5879:Vulgate
5815:General
5805:of the
5803:History
5597:Outside
5305:Viterbo
5242:Subiaco
5099:of Rome
5097:Diocese
4875:Francis
4711:History
4681:of the
4675:Francis
4465:Oceania
4431:Romania
4406:Ireland
4396:Germany
4386:Croatia
4371:Albania
4355:Vietnam
4300:Myanmar
4290:Lebanon
4250:Georgia
4219:Uruguay
4129:Algeria
4030:(Women)
3975:Symbols
3830:Library
3769:Culture
3727:Tourism
3688:Banking
3676:Economy
3573:Francis
3400:Gardens
3285:ceiling
3048:History
3026:Francis
3005:Outline
2702:Sources
2654:Reuters
2542:, p. 46
2294:5 April
2010:Fascist
1965:Romagna
1949:Pius IX
1870:scholar
1802:History
1741:Content
1650:Italian
1577:Outline
1106:Culture
1048:Symbols
974:Economy
935:Nuncios
302:present
250:Annates
225:History
185:Italian
149:Parties
78: (
65:on the
58:Context
6823:Nazism
6645:to the
6252:Jerome
6162:Origen
5845:Papacy
5697:Awards
5616:Villa
5341:Inside
5330:extra-
5300:Tivoli
5214:Albano
5125:Synods
5103:with
5069:Nuncio
4749:Museum
4699:under
4679:bishop
4481:Former
4441:Serbia
4436:Russia
4426:Poland
4421:Monaco
4401:Greece
4391:France
4364:Europe
4345:Turkey
4340:Taiwan
4280:Jordan
4270:Israel
4199:Mexico
4184:Canada
4179:Brazil
4122:Africa
4005:Sports
3982:Anthem
2987:
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1066:Anthem
752:Papacy
300:(1929–
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269:(1870)
240:(750s)
171:
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73:Signed
7075:Italy
6925:Islam
6193:Roman
6152:Canon
6025:Peter
5973:Jesus
5290:Rieti
5260:Gaeta
5189:Ostia
5028:Italy
5021:Heads
4843:under
4514:ASEAN
4446:Spain
4411:Italy
4305:Nepal
4275:Japan
4255:India
4245:China
4189:Chile
4024:(Men)
3869:Media
3842:Music
3548:Crime
3166:Pietà
3000:Index
2590:(PDF)
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2347:(PDF)
2340:(PDF)
2163:Notes
1877:JSTOR
1863:books
1658:Latin
1582:Index
1076:00120
828:(Oct)
826:1978
174:Italy
96:Italy
6975:2023
6970:2019
6965:2016
6960:2013
6955:2011
6950:2008
6945:2005
6940:2002
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6902:1995
6072:Acts
6035:Paul
6030:John
6005:Mary
5647:Non-
5599:Rome
5529:Non-
5344:Rome
5165:Rome
4893:List
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4672:Pope
4265:Iran
4233:Asia
4209:Peru
4194:Cuba
3992:Flag
3835:film
3753:Rail
3703:.va
3570:Pope
3360:Maps
3022:Pope
2921:help
2894:2019
2878:OCLC
2844:ISBN
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2774:ISBN
2759:ISBN
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2667:2009
2598:2021
2464:ISBN
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2329:2013
2296:2013
2225:2021
2101:The
1849:news
1690:Duce
1674:King
1644:The
1054:Flag
839:2013
834:2005
759:Pope
693:Dean
92:Rome
50:Type
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