33:
384:, is characterised by a range of symptoms that affect grapevine in particular. These symptoms affect different areas on the plant and can be used to diagnose this disease along with other factors. In the trunk and cordon of the plant symptoms include cankers coming out of the wounds, wedge shaped lesions when cut in cross sections and dieback. Dieback is characterized as a ‘dead arm’ and a loss of spur positions. More symptoms include stunted shoots in the spring, delay or lack of growth in the spur positions of the bud burst, bleached canes and necrotic buds. Bud necrosis, bud failure, and the dieback of arms are all a result of the necrosis of the hosts vascular system.
347:
57:
1500:
406:
conidia land on freshly cut or damaged wood. The conidia germinate the tissue of the wood and start causing damage to the vascular system. Cankers begin to form around the initial infection point and eventually complete damage of the vascular system causes necrosis and dieback of the wood. In some instances, pseudothecia form on the outside of cankers and produce ascospores which are then dispersed like conidia and infect surrounding wounds.
405:
The fungus over-winters as pycnidia on the outside of diseased wood. The pycnidia produces and releases two-celled, dark brown, striated conidia. The conidia are then dispersed by wind and rain splash, spreading the fungi to other vines, and from one part of the vine to another. Disease develops when
414:
There are many different procedures that can be implemented to manage dieback in a vineyard. These can either be done to prevent further infection by breaking the disease cycle or to recover plants after initial infection. Good hygiene must be practiced when removing infection sources in order to
550:
Identification and
Pathogenicity of Lasiodiplodia theobromae and Diplodia seriata, the Causal Agents of Bot Canker Disease of Grapevines in Mexico. J. R. Úrbez-Torres, G. M. Leavitt, J. C. Guerrero, J. Guevara and W. D. Gubler, Plant Disease, April 2008, Volume 92, Number 4, pages 519-529,
538:
Lineage( full ) cellular organisms; Eukaryota; Opisthokonta; Fungi; Dikarya; Ascomycota; saccharomyceta; Pezizomycotina; leotiomyceta; dothideomyceta; Dothideomycetes; Dothideomycetes incertae sedis; Botryosphaeriales; Botryosphaeriaceae;
469:
Vinevax™ (biological control agent) and
Greenseal™ are the only two products registered in Australia for pruning wound protection (both products are registered for the control of eutypa dieback)
415:
prevent further infection to the rest of the vineyard as well as to avoid cross contamination. Strategies that can be used for prevention and recovery are listed in the table below:
771:
E. Rodríguez-Gálvez, E. MaldonadoA. Alves (October 2014). "Identification and pathogenicity of
Lasiodiplodia theobromae causing dieback of table grapes in Peru".
940:
866:
590:
218:
755:"CONTROL OF Lasiodiplodia theobromae, THE CAUSAL AGENT OF DIEBACK OF SAPOTE MAMEY [Pouteria sapota (Jacq.) H. E. Moore and Stearn] GRAFTS IN MÉXICO"
466:
Pruning wound protection: apply fungicides, paints, pastes or biological control agents directly onto large cuts as soon as possible after pruning
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1656:
656:
1695:
568:
1759:
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1426:
360:
causes diseases such as dieback, blights, and root rot in a variety of different hosts in tropical and subtropical regions. These include
1854:
907:
1364:
806:
Sivapalan, A.; Metussin, Rosidah; Harndan, Fuziah; Zain, Rokiah Mohd (December 1998). "Fungi associated with postharvest fruit rots of
687:
1785:
1630:
451:
Prune early in the season when spore production is low or late in the season when wounds are less susceptible and heal more rapidly
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1869:
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934:
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1864:
460:
Protection of pruning wounds is the most efficient and cost effective way to prevent grapevine trunk diseases.
1682:
1457:
1089:
1467:
442:
Avoid pruning during wet weather (spores of
Botryosphaeriaceae fungi are released up to 2 hours after rain)
56:
1849:
1109:
1236:
617:"Subcutaneous phaeohyphomycosis caused by Lasiodiplodia theobromae and successfully treated surgically"
663:
1826:
1710:
1622:
1431:
1329:
1241:
1159:
973:
521:
338:. A preliminary study found the deaths to have a complex set of causes requiring detailed research.
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151:
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966:
908:"CHEMICAL CONTROL OF LASIODIPLODIA THEOBROMAE, THE CAUSAL AGENT OF MANGO DECLINE IN SINDH"
8:
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known as stem-end rot. It is a cause of bot canker of grapevine. It also infects
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Cuts should be made at an angle to allow water to drain from the wood surfaces
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in most species it infects. It is a common post harvest fungus disease of
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989:
703:"Lasiodiplodia theobromae is a Mycoparasite of a Powdery Mildew Pathogen"
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It has been implicated in the widespread mortality of baobab (
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1058:
1020:
528:. Bethesda, MD: National Center for Biotechnology Information
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361:
805:
614:
484:
Remove dead wood of cordons and 10 cm of healthy tissue
1482:
1324:
1279:
615:
Summerbell, RC; Krajden, S; Levine, R; Fuksa, M (2004).
318:, a species of flowering tree also known as Sappanwood.
886:"Botryosphaeria Dieback: Identification and Management"
905:
770:
941:"Mycology Online | Lasiodiplodia theobromae"
752:
700:
1841:
701:P. Sreerama Kumar, Leena Singh (December 2009).
906:MUHAMMAD ALI KHANZADA, A. MUBEEN LODHI (2005).
753:Juan M. Tovar Pedraza, José A. Mora Aguilera.
974:
321:On rare occasions it has been found to cause
1427:Effects of climate change on wine production
884:Wayne Pitt, Sandra Savocchia (August 2012).
569:"Mycology Online - Lasiodiplodia theobromae"
325:, lesions on nail and subcutaneous tissue.
981:
967:
943:. mycology.adelaide.edu.au. Archived from
883:
544:
490:Remove all infected wood from the vineyard
487:Extensively rework infected crown or trunk
445:Minimise number and size of pruning wounds
31:
799:
726:
632:
345:
1842:
686:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
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1827:e6afe59a-eb15-46f3-8ced-50ee4c388ee9
1711:6cd72879-ab32-4baa-90cc-2779866c7290
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746:
380:dieback, which is formerly known as
341:
773:European Journal of Plant Pathology
511:
13:
1855:Fungal tree pathogens and diseases
1031:International Grape Genome Program
608:
591:"Mycology Online -- Lasiodiplodia"
14:
1886:
1011:Annual growth cycle of grapevines
928:
864:
743:
1499:
1498:
400:
387:It can also affect the fruit of
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988:
899:
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858:
496:Replace trunk with water shoots
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694:
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1:
1458:Glossary of viticulture terms
1090:Diurnal temperature variation
504:
409:
304:range. It causes rotting and
1468:Glossary of winemaking terms
816:Australasian Plant Pathology
7:
350:Lasiodiplodia fruit rot on
167:(Pat.) Griffon & Maubl.
10:
1891:
1237:Integrated pest management
867:"Lasiodiplodia theobromae"
719:10.4489/MYCO.2009.37.4.308
522:"Lasiodiplodia theobromae"
275:Lasiodiplodiella triflorae
1736:Botryodiplodia theobromae
1734:
1525:
1496:
1450:
1432:Environmental stewardship
1407:
1313:
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1188:
1145:
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996:
785:10.1007/s10658-014-0557-8
634:10.1080/13693780400005916
479:Removal of Infected Wood
433:
429:
200:Botryodiplodia tubericola
194:Botryodiplodia theobromae
179:
172:
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52:Scientific classification
50:
43:sporulating in lesion on
39:
30:
23:
1870:Grapevine trunk diseases
1557:Lasiodiplodia theobromae
1527:Lasiodiplodia theobromae
1360:Great French Wine Blight
935:USDA ARS Fungal Database
293:Lasiodiplodia theobromae
269:Lasiodiplodia tubericola
188:Botryodiplodia elasticae
182:Botryodiplodia ananassae
161:Lasiodiplodia theobromae
41:Lasiodiplodia theobromae
25:Lasiodiplodia theobromae
1442:Sustainable agriculture
1223:Frost damage prevention
1105:Regional climate levels
814:in Brunei Darussalam".
263:Lasiodiplodia triflorae
1865:Fungal citrus diseases
1463:Glossary of wine terms
557:10.1094/PDIS-92-4-0519
354:
206:Botryosphaeria rhodina
349:
224:Chaetodiplodia grisea
1417:Adaptive management
493:Retrain new cordons
458:Chemical Practices
437:Cultural Practices
257:Lasiodiplodia nigra
251:Diplodia tubericola
245:Diplodia theobromae
1850:Botryosphaeriaceae
1335:Botrytis bunch rot
1155:Grapevine planting
1085:Climate categories
355:
331:Adansonia digitata
281:Macrophoma vestita
236:Diplodia gossypina
230:Diplodia ananassae
143:L. theobromae
119:Botryosphaeriaceae
1837:
1836:
1719:Open Tree of Life
1519:Taxon identifiers
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1355:Grapevine yellows
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342:Host and symptoms
300:with a very wide
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109:Botryosphaeriales
16:Species of fungus
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1688:BMSSYS0000046943
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1386:Uncinula necator
1375:Pierce's disease
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913:. Archived from
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869:. Archived from
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808:Durio graveolens
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662:. Archived from
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593:. Archived from
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575:. Archived from
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394:Durio graveolens
323:fungal keratitis
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1478:Outline of wine
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1437:Organic farming
1422:Biodynamic wine
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1394:Red spider mite
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1228:Green harvest (
1213:Erosion control
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1165:Row orientation
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1016:Grape varieties
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657:"Archived copy"
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573:adelaide.edu.au
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315:Biancaea sappan
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929:External links
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920:on 2018-07-02.
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893:www.csu.edu.au
876:
873:on 2008-07-21.
865:Ellis, David.
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822:(4): 274–277.
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779:(3): 477–489.
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579:on 2008-10-07.
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1175:Vine training
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1350:Downy mildew
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1262:Weed control
1252:Millerandage
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1100:Microclimate
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1026:Hybrid grape
1006:Ampelography
999:horticulture
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1644:iNaturalist
1551:Wikispecies
1160:Propagation
997:Biology and
990:Viticulture
707:Mycobiology
476:Management
434:Prevention
334:) trees in
1844:Categories
1488:Winemaking
1410:and issues
1408:Approaches
1370:Phylloxera
1340:Bot canker
1242:Irrigation
1218:Fertilizer
1191:management
1120:Topography
1110:Soil types
951:2014-04-29
673:2014-09-27
601:2012-10-05
532:1 December
505:References
410:Management
382:bot canker
89:Ascomycota
85:Division:
1751:Q59531299
1605:FloraBase
1399:Vine moth
1365:Nematodes
1330:Black rot
1314:Pests and
1290:Noble rot
1285:Festivals
1130:elevation
1078:variation
1048:Rootstock
844:204773204
836:1448-6032
621:Med Mycol
424:Strategy
374:grapevine
137:Species:
75:Kingdom:
69:Eukaryota
1812:MycoBank
1804:10227853
1765:60017445
1760:AusFungi
1745:Wikidata
1670:MycoBank
1662:10381593
1618:Fungorum
1571:60017446
1566:AusFungi
1542:Q6493323
1536:Wikidata
1504:Category
1473:Oenology
1451:See also
1345:Dead arm
1317:diseases
1295:Ripeness
1247:Klopotec
1189:Vineyard
1148:planting
1146:Vineyard
1095:Drainage
1053:Vineyard
1041:Veraison
1036:Ripening
852:37024997
793:18685491
737:23983554
682:cite web
643:15682643
391:such as
174:Synonyms
115:Family:
65:Domain:
1791:2611227
1636:2611222
1305:Weather
1300:Vintage
1272:Harvest
1257:Pruning
1208:Coulure
1115:Terroir
728:3749424
427:Method
389:durians
366:coconut
306:dieback
125:Genus:
105:Order:
95:Class:
1824:NZOR:
1817:157658
1708:NZOR:
1675:188476
1649:976291
1623:188476
1597:156591
1198:Canopy
1125:aspect
1021:Grapes
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372:, and
370:papaya
310:citrus
215:Curtis
45:papaya
1799:IRMNG
1724:33894
1701:45133
1657:IRMNG
1610:50993
1584:3SDJV
1325:Birds
1180:Yield
1135:slope
1059:Vitis
918:(PDF)
911:(PDF)
889:(PDF)
848:S2CID
789:S2CID
758:(PDF)
667:(PDF)
660:(PDF)
362:guava
296:is a
240:Cooke
211:Berk.
79:Fungi
1786:GBIF
1778:MQ3X
1696:NCBI
1631:GBIF
1483:Wine
1280:Brix
1203:Clos
840:OCLC
832:ISSN
810:and
733:PMID
688:link
639:PMID
534:2017
421:Aim
302:host
213:and
1773:CoL
1683:NBN
1592:EoL
1579:CoL
824:doi
781:doi
777:141
723:PMC
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219:Arx
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
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