403:" based on "outlandish and heinous claims." He added that he would have been more than willing to fight the charges, but was not willing to take part in USADA's arbitration process, which he called "one-sided and unfair." Under the circumstances, he believed contesting the charges was not worth the toll on his foundation and his family. "There comes a point in every man's life when he has to say, 'Enough is enough,'" Armstrong said. "For me, that time is now." Under the World Anti-Doping Code, by failing to contest such serious charges of doping offenses, Armstrong was automatically banned from all sports whose federations follow the Code—effectively ending his competitive career. He also forfeited all awards and prizes earned after August 1, 1998, including his seven Tour titles. At the same time, Armstrong told USADA through his attorneys that he could not take part in any USADA arbitration because the UCI was the only body competent to hear the case.
526:(FFC) issued a statement on August 30, 2012, in support of the USADA decision, stating that "Armstrong's refusal to contest USADA's accusations sounds like an admission of his guilt with regards to breaches of anti-doping regulation." The FFC also announced that it does not want vacated positions to be reassigned and want "...reimbursement of Lance Armstrong's prizes obtained during the Tour de France and other competitions for an amount assessed at 2.95 million Euros for the development of cycling among the youth and the prevention of doping." As a result, there is no official Tour winner from 1999 to 2005. The president of WADA,
645:, asking USADA to reduce his lifetime ban from sports to just one year in exchange for his cooperation with its ongoing investigations, including its case against Bruyneel. Tygart told Armstrong that under the anti-doping rules, USADA could bring his ban down to eight years, and said that cooperating with USADA would help Armstrong to improve his public image. These secret discussions fell apart after Armstrong told Tygart that he himself, and not USADA, held the keys to his own redemption. In any event, an eight-year ban meant that Armstrong would have been 49 years old before he could even theoretically compete again.
31:
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guy who expected to get whatever he wanted, and to control every outcome." The AP and other media reported that
Armstrong had made an apology to the Livestrong staff before his interview with Winfrey. He said that while doping, he neither felt that it was wrong nor felt bad about what he was doing. He also insisted that it was "absolutely not" true that he used performance-enhancing drugs during his 2009–10 comeback season, and claimed the last time where he "crossed the line" was in 2005.
431:, the same standard of proof used in civil cases. This would have made it far more difficult for them to keep out evidence than is the case in a criminal trial. If two of the three arbitrators sided with USADA, Armstrong's competitive career would have effectively been over. According to O'Connell and Albergotti, USADA arbitrations operate under rules of "basic common sense", which would have made it appear obvious to "any person with half a brain" that Armstrong had doped.
278:, Landis at one point wore a recording device and used a video camera disguised as a keychain, at the investigators' request in an attempt to gather evidence against a team owner in California. However, based on testimony from Landis, the prosecutors soon turned their attention to Armstrong and the doping that took place on the U.S. Postal Service team years earlier. As part of his campaign to clear his name from allegations of doping, Armstrong hired a Washington
476:, all of whom confessed to doping during their careers as well as witnessing Armstrong using performance-enhancing drugs. Before its release, Armstrong's legal representative, Tim Herman, described the USADA reasoned decision as "a one-sided hatchet job—a taxpayer-funded tabloid piece rehashing old, disproved, unreliable allegations based largely on axe-grinders, serial perjurers, coerced testimony, sweetheart deals and threat-induced stories".
420:
UCI not to appeal the sanctions. Under
Armstrong's plan, the UCI would have contended that while USADA's findings were unsound, its arbitration process was so tilted against a suspected doper that an appeal would not be worth the effort. According to Macur, Armstrong hoped to be able to portray himself as USADA's victim.
555:, who placed third in the 1999 Tour de France, expressed continued support for Armstrong, stating, "Lance Armstrong remains the 1999 Tour winner, second Zulle and third, me... It's thirteen years now since this all happened. It seems completely illogical and unreal. I don't want to even think about it."
452:
described as "the most sophisticated, professionalized and successful doping program that sport has ever seen." The report detailed numerous blood test results that proved
Armstrong was guilty of blood doping, as well as over US$ 1 million in payments to Ferrari. It contended that the normal eight-year
669:
on
January 13, 2013 (broadcast later in two parts), Armstrong finally confessed to using performance-enhancing drugs throughout much of his career, including all seven Tour wins. During the interview, he stated that his "mythic, perfect story" was "one big lie", and attributed his denials to being "a
439:
On August 24, 2012, the UCI requested that USADA issue a "reasoned decision" explaining why the agency felt
Armstrong should have been stripped of his titles. As previously mentioned, Armstrong believed that by not contesting the charges, the evidence against him collected by USADA would never become
419:
that
Armstrong opted not to contest the charges on the advice of one of his lawyers, Mark Levinstein, who argued that it would be folly to go to arbitration because USADA's charges almost always stuck. Macur wrote that Armstrong also hoped to keep USADA's evidence confidential. He also persuaded the
562:
announced it had terminated its contract with him, citing "seemingly insurmountable evidence" of doping. A day earlier, Nike representatives called
Armstrong's agent, Bill Stapleton, and asked him to give his word that USADA's report was not true, or have Armstrong come on the phone himself to give
228:
panel ruled that SCA had to pay the bonus. However, Hamman's real goal was to force an investigation by sporting authorities, believing that if someone in a position to investigate the matter found that
Armstrong had indeed doped, he could be stripped of his Tour victories – allowing SCA to get its
456:
for doping offenses did not apply because of
Armstrong's "fraudulent concealment" of his doping. Armstrong, USADA said, could not be allowed to benefit from the statute when he lied under oath in both the SCA case and the French investigation, intimidated witnesses and submitted affidavits that he
339:, requesting that the court "bar USADA from pursuing its case or issuing any sanctions against him" based on the claim that "USADA rules violate athletes' constitutional rights to a fair trial, and that the agency does not have jurisdiction in his case." On July 10, 2012, after U.S. District Judge
543:
which featured
Armstrong, "Room to Ride" and "The Great MacGrady" (along with the episode "The Frensky Family Fiasco", which was paired with "Room to Ride"), have been pulled from rotation because of the case, as was the episode "Binky vs. Binky", which features a parody of Armstrong named "Vance
197:
For much of his career, Lance Armstrong faced persistent allegations of doping, but until 2006, no official investigation was undertaken. The first break in the case came in 2005 when SCA Promotions, a Dallas-based insurer, balked at paying a US$ 5 million bonus to Armstrong for winning his sixth
451:
On October 10, USADA published the details of its investigation, in a 200-page report accompanied by over 1000 pages of supporting evidence. The report included testimonies from eleven former Armstrong teammates and fifteen other witnesses. It portrayed Armstrong as the mastermind of what it
1301:
551:, believed that Armstrong's marketing potential was still strong after the USADA's decision, stating his "story has not been diminished. Here's a guy who essentially was at death's door with cancer and came back. That example still makes him very compelling." Spanish cyclist
657:
reported that Armstrong had told associates and anti-doping officials that he was considering publicly admitting having used banned performance-enhancing drugs and blood transfusions during his cycling career. Armstrong's attorney, Tim Herman, denied the report and told the
391:
Four days after Sparks' decision, on August 24, 2012, the USADA announced that if Armstrong did not act fast, he would be stripped of his seven Tour de France victories — along with other honors from 1999 to 2011 — and banned from cycling for life. Under the
363:
Judge Sparks ruled in favor of USADA on August 20, 2012, but questioned the timing and motivation of the agency's investigation of Armstrong, and their apparent "single minded determination to force Armstrong to arbitrate ... in direct conflict with
491:, into taking EPO. He added, "Lance Armstrong has no place in cycling. He deserves to be forgotten in cycling. Something like this must never happen again." The day following the UCI decision, Armstrong deleted references to his Tour wins from his
1305:
1256:
1132:
688:'s Introduction to Sports Governance class, Armstrong confessed he began doping in "late spring of 1995". In a 2020 documentary, he states in one of the first questions asked of him that he started cheating when he "was probably 21."
1233:
1357:"REPORT ON PROCEEDINGS UNDER THE WORLD ANTI-DOPING CODE AND THE USADA PROTOCOL UNITED STATES ANTI-DOPING AGENCY, Claimant, v. LANCE ARMSTRONG, Respondent. REASONED DECISION OF THE UNITED STATES ANTI-DOPING AGENCY"
624:
After UCI's formal notification to Armstrong about their decision to back the USADA decision on December 6, 2012, Armstrong had 21 days to appeal the decision to the Court of Arbitration for Sport. According to
1264:"Lance Armstrong Receives Lifetime Ban And Disqualification Of Competitive Results For Doping Violations Stemming From His Involvement In The United States Postal Service Pro-Cycling Team Doping Conspiracy"
1140:"Lance Armstrong Receives Lifetime Ban And Disqualification Of Competitive Results For Doping Violations Stemming From His Involvement In The United States Postal Service Pro-Cycling Team Doping Conspiracy"
343:
threw out the initial lawsuit for being overly lengthy, Armstrong filed a revised lawsuit. The same day, three of Armstrong's former associates from the U.S. Postal Service team—Luis Garcia del Moral, a
399:
Three days later, Armstrong, while publicly maintaining his innocence, decided to not officially challenge the USADA allegations. In a statement, he said that USADA had engaged in "an unconstitutional
311:, based on blood samples from 2009 and 2010, and testimonies from witnesses including former teammates. Armstrong, denying all doping use in a statement, was suspended from competition in cycling and
558:
Under pressure from several members of his board, Armstrong resigned as chairman of the Lance Armstrong Foundation on October 17, 2012. Just hours after Armstrong formally announced his resignation,
2656:
1600:
464:, who repeated the testimony they gave in the SCA case. Landis and Hamilton repeated allegations made over the preceding years. Statements were also taken from former teammates, including
483:, meaning it had accepted USADA's sanctions of a lifetime ban for Armstrong and stripping of all results since August 1, 1998, including his seven Tour de France victories. UCI president
1190:
172:
1044:
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announced it would not renew its relationship with Armstrong at the end of 2012, but would continue to support his cancer charity. Other sponsors who cut ties with Armstrong were
241:
U.S. federal prosecutors pursued allegations of doping by Armstrong from 2010 to 2012. The effort convened a grand jury to investigate doping charges, including taking statements
1928:
336:
1165:
1241:
662:: "When, and if, Lance has something to say, there won't be any secret about it." More upsetting to many were reports that he forced others to dope, even to be on the team.
2649:
1213:
the right of each party to present evidence, including the right to call and question witnesses... The right to a hearing may be waived either expressly or by the
985:
288:. The firm worked for Armstrong for about three months, but, after arranging meetings on Capitol Hill, decided a full-scale lobbying effort would not have worked.
1959:
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847:
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1509:
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530:, stated that he believed Armstrong's decision not to contest the USADA's claims pursuant to its process indicated there was "substance to those charges".
183:
portrayed Armstrong as the ringleader of what it called "the most sophisticated, professionalized and successful doping program that sport has ever seen."
245:
from Armstrong's former team members and other associates. They met with officials from France, Belgium, Spain, and Italy, and requested samples from the
1021:
457:
knew were false. Longstanding precedent in U.S. courts holds that the statute of limitations does not apply when a defendant engages in fraudulent acts.
2257:
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in 2005, USADA had amended its bylaws so it could publicly speak about the details of its cases in order to correct the record. USADA set about getting
677:
suit filed by Landis. He was also concerned about the toll it was taking on his kids. As Macur put it, Armstrong wanted to "confess on his own terms."
1826:
1604:
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912:
616:—after the brand it had used since 2003. The move came after several board members threatened to resign unless Armstrong was removed from the board.
295:
André Birotte Jr. was not without controversy, with the decision coming as a surprise to many. In October 2012, Velonews announced they had filed a
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that most of the members of Armstrong's legal team knew that any arbitration panel handling Armstrong's case would make its decision based on the
381:
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remarked that he was "sickened" by the USADA report, particularly how the US Postal team officials coerced one of Armstrong's teammates,
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296:
2165:
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1673:
993:"Letter from USADA to Lance Armstrong, Johan Bruyneel, Dr Pedro Celaya, Dr Luis Garcia del Moral, Pepe Marti, and Dr Michele Ferrari"
291:
On February 2, 2012, federal prosecutors officially dropped their criminal investigation with no charges. The closing of the case by
1852:
544:
Legstrong", along with the episode "Operation: D.W.", which was paired with it. A remake of "The Great MacGrady" aired in 2021.
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384:, Sparks upheld USADA's authority to investigate Armstrong and initiate arbitration against him, and that Armstrong's right to
872:
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2444:
631:, CAS indicated that Armstrong had made no appeal by the evening of December 27, so the final deadline to appeal had passed.
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221:
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regarding Armstrong's doping from the witnesses in the case, and secured permission from their lawyers to make it public.
83:
Armstrong banned for life by the UCI; stripped of all his results and prizes from August 1, 1998 onwards (including seven
673:
Macur wrote that Armstrong decided to admit his doping because he knew he would be questioned under oath about it in the
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https://www.cyclingweekly.com/news/latest-news/seven-things-we-learnt-from-the-new-lance-armstrong-documentary-456506
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783:
230:
180:
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45:
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1409:"Statement From USADA CEO Travis T. Tygart Regarding The U.S. Postal Service Pro Cycling Team Doping Conspiracy"
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129:
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Seven things we learnt from the new Lance Armstrong documentary. Cycling Weekly. Johnny Long. May 24, 2020.
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such assurance. When Stapleton refused to do so, Nike told him that it was parting ways with Armstrong.
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396:, he would also be banned from competing in Olympic-level sports whose federations followed the Code.
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891:
606:. At the end of November 2012, Armstrong was elected as the top "Anti-Sportsman of the year" by
453:
315:. He was charged in a letter from USADA, along with five others, including former team manager
292:
612:. That same month, Armstrong cut all ties with his namesake foundation, which was renamed the
2403:
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1045:"Lance Armstrong refiles USADA suit; team members decline arbitration, receive lifetime bans"
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1960:"Armstrong's CAS inaction means he loses chance of appeal against doping sanctions"
674:
659:
584:
352:, a consulting doctor; and Jose "Pepe" Marti, team trainer—refused to take part in
209:
3550:
3528:
3401:
2950:
1601:"WADA confirms it will not appeal USADA reasoned decision in Lance Armstrong case"
1320:
479:
On October 22, the UCI announced that it would not appeal USADA's decision to the
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349:
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49:
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2787:
2759:
2741:
2683:
2361:
2231:"Lance Armstrong speaks at University of Colorado, Boulder, on March 1, 2016"
1404:
1071:"Michele Ferrari, Pepe Marti and Luis Garcia del Moral receive lifetime bans"
722:
666:
635:
511:
388:
could not be violated by USADA before any proceedings had actually occurred.
357:
262:
250:
3182:
3486:
3464:
3437:
3142:
3042:
3015:
3006:
2959:
2692:
1704:
1288:
588:
412:
319:. USADA said Armstrong used banned substances, including the blood-booster
272:
was a key witness in the criminal investigation, and according to the book
269:
905:
848:"After expansive USADA report, feds mum on why Armstrong case was dropped"
299:
request regarding the two-year Armstrong investigation and its dismissal.
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3326:
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3173:
3160:
3082:
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258:
225:
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957:
602:, which he had received as an honor for his three participations in the
2997:
1085:
564:
559:
440:
public. However, in the wake of a particularly acrimonious battle with
400:
340:
282:
firm in 2010 to raise concerns about Novitzky, according to a story in
199:
1853:"SRAM drops Lance Armstrong, but Oakley stand by their man... for now"
931:
242:
2247:
ESPN's 30 for 30. "LANCE". Directed by Marina Zenovich. May 29, 2020.
2142:
1674:"French Cycling Federation praises USADA's actions in Armstrong case"
445:
312:
2007:
1980:
754:
2579:
2424:
1983:
969:
757:
599:
279:
274:
254:
2264:
1827:"Sponsors Who Have Dropped Lance Armstrong (And The List Goes On)"
2664:
1732:"U.S. Anti-Doping Agency strips Armstrong of titles for cheating"
492:
434:
380:, and various governing documents of USADA, U.S. Cycling and the
324:
1700:"Lance Armstrong's record will be 'obliterated' says WADA chief"
1196:. World Anti-Doping Agency. 2009. pp. 48–49. Archived from
368:'s equally evident desire not to proceed against him." Applying
1804:"Anheuser-Busch follows Nike in dropping Armstrong sponsorship"
1412:(See tabs for supporting evidence including various Affidavits)
1556:"Lance Armstrong: Governing body strips American of Tour wins"
1302:"Press Release: UCI's statement on Lance Armstrong's decision"
594:
It was announced on October 30 that Armstrong was stripped of
337:
United States District Court for the Western District of Texas
2166:"7 noteworthy quotes from Lance Armstrong's Oprah interview"
2036:"In Reversal, Armstrong Is Said to Weigh Admitting Drug Use"
1774:
1529:"Lance Armstrong Is Stripped of His 7 Tour de France Titles"
1380:
1354:
2209:"Lance Armstrong & Oprah Winfrey: interview transcript"
2084:"Lance Armstrong Is the Dirtiest Cheater in Sports History"
899:"Lance Armstrong: US Anti-Doping Agency charges 'spiteful'"
1768:
1221:
assertion that an anti-doping rule violation has occurred.
1115:"Texas judge dismisses Lance Armstrong case against USADA"
873:"USADA's Armstrong probe produces 200 pages, 26 witnesses"
812:
619:
534:
233:(USADA) asked to review the evidence Hamman had gleaned.
229:
money back. His hunch proved correct; officials from the
1775:
O'Connell, Vanessa; Reed Albergotti (October 17, 2012).
2061:"Atty. denies report Lance Armstrong will admit doping"
2008:
Vanessa O'Connell; Reed Albergotti (January 15, 2013).
1191:"World Anti-Doping Code – Right to a Fair Hearing"
510:
from its record books, and requested the return of his
499:
confirmed that it would not appeal the USADA decision.
1754:"Lance Armstrong dropped by Nike over doping evidence"
1603:. Play true magazine. November 2, 2012. Archived from
1579:"Armstrong deletes Tour wins reference in Twitter bio"
634:
On December 14, Armstrong met secretly with USADA CEO
423:
Corroborating this, O'Connell and Albergotti wrote in
330:
1510:"USADA releases massive evidence vs. Lance Armstrong"
1304:. UCI Press Services. August 24, 2012. Archived from
1234:"Lance Armstrong to lose seven Tour de France titles"
809:
Prosecutors drop Lance Armstrong doping investigation
327:, as well as blood transfusions dating back to 1996.
253:, who also investigated suspicions of steroid use by
1981:
Reed Albergotti; Vanessa O'Connell (November 2013).
1329:"Lance Armstrong: USADA will reveal doping evidence"
307:
In June 2012, USADA accused Armstrong of doping and
2138:"Lance Armstrong to Oprah: Story was 'one big lie'"
1652:"Lance Armstrong stripped of Sydney Olympics medal"
1183:
149:
United States Anti-Doping Agency v. Lance Armstrong
24:
United States Anti-Doping Agency v. Lance Armstrong
1022:"UCI asks USADA to explain case against Armstrong"
714:
587:terminated its relationship with Armstrong, while
220:of massive doping by Armstrong and members of his
1414:(Press release). United States Anti-Doping Agency
547:Robert Boland, professor of sports management at
3563:
2573:Seven Deadly Sins: My Pursuit of Lance Armstrong
2466:
2337:It's Not About the Bike: My Journey Back to Life
1159:
1157:
1014:
879:. CBC.ca. The Associated Press. October 11, 2011
460:Among the witnesses who testified to USADA were
302:
186:
1880:"Sponsor Oakley drops Armstrong after 25 years"
1644:
415:wrote in her book about the Armstrong scandal,
335:In July 2012, Armstrong filed a lawsuit in the
1920:
1403:
1226:
1166:"Armstrong Drops Fight Against Doping Charges"
435:USADA reasoned decision, UCI and IOC sanctions
2666:Tour de France general classification winners
2650:
2452:
2280:
1850:
1619:
1154:
913:"Armstrong statement regarding USADA Charges"
579:, FRS Healthy Performance, Honey Stinger and
249:. The investigation was led by federal agent
193:History of Lance Armstrong doping allegations
2135:
1957:
1824:
1725:
1723:
1507:
1326:
1112:
583:. On October 19, bicycle parts manufacturer
236:
755:Reed Albergotti; Vanessa O'Connell (2013).
160:investigation that led to retired American
2657:
2643:
2459:
2445:
2287:
2273:
2010:"Behind Lance Armstrongs Decision to Talk"
1877:
1240:. Reuters. August 24, 2012. Archived from
965:"USADA levels doping charges at Armstrong"
784:"Armstrong Lobbying Targeted Investigator"
781:
750:
748:
746:
744:
742:
717:Cycle of Lies: The Fall of Lance Armstrong
648:
567:followed suit hours later. That same day,
198:consecutive Tour de France. SCA president
29:
2157:
1720:
1285:Lance Armstrong's full statement on USADA
1093:"Motion to dismiss-Case 1:12-cv-00606-SS"
2136:Schrotenboer, Brent (January 18, 2013).
2053:
1729:
1508:Schrotenboer, Brent (October 11, 2012).
939:"Armstrong charged with doping by USADA"
181:United States Anti-Doping Agency (USADA)
167:being stripped of his seven consecutive
2187:"Armstrong 'sorry' to Livestrong staff"
2163:
2109:
2027:
1902:"Armstrong stripped of key to Adelaide"
1548:
1113:Schrotenboer, Brent (August 20, 2012).
1042:
739:
708:
706:
704:
702:
700:
3564:
2164:Bunting, Sarah D. (January 17, 2013).
2129:
1576:
915:. Yahoo. June 12, 2012. Archived from
782:Albergotti, Reed (February 19, 2013).
620:Armstrong chooses not to appeal to CAS
175:, and his eventual admission to using
16:Doping scandal in professional cycling
2638:
2440:
2268:
2110:Goldman, Russell (January 17, 2013).
2033:
1526:
1383:"USADA Cycling Investigation Reports"
1163:
712:
697:
222:U.S. Postal Service Pro Cycling Team
2294:
2081:
1951:
1926:
1577:Pretot, Julien (October 23, 2012).
801:
506:removed Armstrong's results in the
356:and were automatically banned from
331:Activity leading to August decision
13:
2179:
2112:"Lance Armstrong Admits to Doping"
1958:Shane Stokes (December 29, 2012).
1851:Tony Farrelly (October 19, 2012).
1708:. London. Reuters. August 24, 2012
1627:"IOC Statement on Lance Armstrong"
1527:Macur, Juliet (October 22, 2012).
1381:United States Anti Doping Agency.
1355:United States Anti Doping Agency.
1068:
826:"Q+A: Lance Armstrong doping case"
517:
14:
3608:
2082:Ask, Mathias (February 5, 2013).
2034:Macur, Juliet (January 4, 2013).
1825:Lance Madden (October 19, 2012).
1730:Whitcomb, Dan (August 24, 2012).
1164:Macur, Juliet (August 23, 2012).
3392:results voided because of doping
1327:Slater, Matt (August 31, 2012).
231:United States Anti-Doping Agency
208:, a book by cycling journalists
116:United States Anti-Doping Agency
46:United States Anti-Doping Agency
2250:
2241:
2223:
2201:
2103:
2075:
2001:
1974:
1935:. 2012 Time Inc. Archived from
1894:
1878:Keith Weir (October 22, 2012).
1871:
1844:
1818:
1593:
1570:
1501:
1476:
1451:
1426:
1397:
1374:
1348:
1278:
682:University of Colorado, Boulder
504:International Olympic Committee
92:2000 Summer Olympics time trial
1459:"Affidavit of Levi Leipheimer"
1434:"Affidavit of George Hincapie"
1043:Shipley, Amy (July 11, 2012).
865:
840:
818:
775:
665:In a televised interview with
495:biography. On November 2, the
481:Court of Arbitration for Sport
1:
2320:History of doping allegations
1756:. BBC Sport. October 17, 2012
691:
638:at the offices of the former
591:followed suit on October 22.
429:preponderance of the evidence
303:2011–2012 USADA investigation
187:History of doping allegations
130:Union Cycliste Internationale
87:titles and one Olympic medal)
3587:Doping at the Tour de France
2468:Doping at the Tour de France
1929:"Anti-Sportsman of the Year"
1908:. 2012 ABC. October 30, 2012
1777:"Nike Drops Lance Armstrong"
1558:. BBC News. October 22, 2012
1484:"Affidavit of Michael Barry"
1217:... failure to challenge an
268:Armstrong's former teammate
7:
1806:. Reuters. October 17, 2012
828:. Reuters. October 16, 2012
177:performance-enhancing drugs
154:Lance Armstrong doping case
10:
3613:
1882:. Thomson Reuters. Reuters
1219:Anti-Doping Organization's
378:Stevens Amateur Sports Act
297:Freedom of Information Act
190:
3513:
3375:
3240:
3100:
2977:
2796:
2672:
2589:
2550:
2543:
2500:
2474:
2385:
2353:
2328:
2302:
524:French Cycling Federation
502:On January 17, 2013, the
247:French anti-doping agency
237:2010–2012 federal inquiry
122:
110:
105:
76:
71:
60:August 24, 2012
56:
40:
28:
23:
3582:Investigative journalism
2518:Floyd Landis doping case
1266:. USADA. August 24, 2012
1142:. USADA. August 24, 2012
680:In 2016, in a speech to
573:Trek Bicycle Corporation
497:World Anti-Doping Agency
462:Frankie and Betsy Andreu
360:-level sports for life.
136:World Anti Doping Agency
3572:Doping cases in cycling
1859:. Farrelly Atkinson Ltd
1782:The Wall Street Journal
1000:The Wall Street Journal
649:Confessions and apology
374:Federal Arbitration Act
285:The Wall Street Journal
218:circumstantial evidence
171:titles, along with one
35:Lance Armstrong in 2009
713:Macur, Juliet (2014).
454:statute of limitations
394:World Anti-Doping Code
382:U.S. Olympic Committee
2404:Butterfly Trek Madone
2393:Livestrong Foundation
2310:Livestrong Foundation
614:Livestrong Foundation
514:from the time trial.
370:rational basis review
3597:2013 in road cycling
3592:2012 in road cycling
2508:Death of Tom Simpson
2398:12373 Lancearmstrong
1607:on November 28, 2012
1464:. September 21, 2012
1439:. September 24, 2012
1407:(October 10, 2012).
1024:. Google hosted news
653:On January 4, 2013,
508:2000 Summer Olympics
3092:Federico Bahamontes
2724:Lucien Petit-Breton
2344:Every Second Counts
2014:Wall Street Journal
1939:on December 2, 2012
815:, February 3, 2012.
788:Wall Street Journal
686:Roger A. Pielke Jr.
549:New York University
162:road racing cyclist
2848:Ottavio Bottecchia
2528:doping allegations
2189:. Associated Press
1933:Sports Illustrated
1906:ABC News Australia
1534:The New York Times
1308:on August 27, 2012
1291:, August 27, 2012.
1244:on August 24, 2012
1238:The Times of India
1170:The New York Times
1049:washingtonpost.com
655:The New York Times
609:Sports Illustrated
537:children's series
77:Subsequent actions
3559:
3558:
2702:Louis Trousselier
2632:
2631:
2628:
2627:
2598:The Armstrong Lie
2559:L.A. Confidentiel
2434:
2433:
2418:Seven Deadly Sins
2411:L.A. Confidentiel
2369:The Armstrong Lie
1680:. August 30, 2012
1489:. October 8, 2012
807:Frieden, Terry, "
640:Colorado governor
553:Fernando EscartĂn
216:, which detailed
205:L.A. Confidentiel
145:
144:
90:Results from the
3604:
3542:Jonas Vingegaard
3429:Alberto Contador
3411:Alberto Contador
3219:Bernard Thévenet
3201:Bernard Thévenet
3125:Jacques Anquetil
3074:Jacques Anquetil
3025:Ferdinand KĂĽbler
2915:Georges Speicher
2879:Maurice De Waele
2751:Gustave Garrigou
2659:
2652:
2645:
2636:
2635:
2619:Tour de Pharmacy
2548:
2547:
2501:Related articles
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1073:. Velonation.com
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919:on June 26, 2012
909:
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901:. June 14, 2012.
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761:. Gotham Books.
752:
737:
736:
720:
710:
675:False Claims Act
660:Associated Press
533:Episodes of the
411:sports reporter
309:drug trafficking
210:Pierre Ballester
118:
67:
65:
33:
21:
20:
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3577:Lance Armstrong
3562:
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3560:
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3474:Vincenzo Nibali
3456:Bradley Wiggins
3371:
3340:Miguel Indurain
3287:Bernard Hinault
3265:Bernard Hinault
3236:
3232:Bernard Hinault
3210:Lucien Van Impe
3112:Gastone Nencini
3096:
3065:Roger Walkowiak
2973:
2835:Henri PĂ©lissier
2792:
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2523:Lance Armstrong
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2089:Bleacher Report
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1678:cyclingnews.com
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1002:. June 12, 2012
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973:. June 12, 2012
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604:Tour Down Under
598:to the city of
581:24 Hour Fitness
520:
518:Other reactions
489:David Zabriskie
470:Levi Leipheimer
466:George Hincapie
437:
350:Michele Ferrari
333:
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239:
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165:Lance Armstrong
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408:New York Times
332:
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317:Johan Bruyneel
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224:. In 2006, an
191:Main article:
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169:Tour de France
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3349:Bjarne Riis
3327:Greg LeMond
3296:Greg LeMond
3192:Eddy Merckx
3174:Eddy Merckx
3161:Jan Janssen
3083:Charly Gaul
3034:Hugo Koblet
2933:Romain Maes
2817:LĂ©on Scieur
2779:World War I
2777:1915–1918:
2612:Rough Rider
2605:The Program
2533:doping case
2376:The Program
2315:Doping case
2215:January 19,
2211:. BBC Sport
2193:January 14,
2171:January 19,
2149:January 18,
2121:January 18,
2095:January 19,
1863:December 1,
1810:October 17,
1788:October 17,
1760:October 17,
1738:November 8,
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1636:January 17,
1611:January 19,
1562:October 22,
1540:October 22,
1366:October 28,
1146:October 21,
857:January 19,
832:January 19,
643:Bill Ritter
485:Pat McQuaid
386:due process
354:arbitration
346:team doctor
259:Barry Bonds
226:arbitration
214:David Walsh
123:Concurrence
111:Decision by
3566:Categories
3183:Luis Ocaña
2998:Jean Robic
2566:Rough Ride
2067:January 5,
2063:. CBS News
2045:January 5,
1987:. Gotham.
1966:January 2,
1654:. BBC News
1312:August 24,
1270:August 24,
1248:August 24,
1175:August 23,
1124:August 20,
1098:August 28,
1077:August 21,
1028:August 24,
692:References
684:professor
565:RadioShack
528:John Fahey
446:affidavits
401:witch hunt
341:Sam Sparks
323:(EPO) and
243:under oath
200:Bob Hamman
64:2012-08-24
3376:1999–2019
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3101:1960–1979
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2978:1940–1959
2797:1920–1939
2673:1903–1919
2143:USA Today
1927:RJ Rico.
1734:. Reuters
1581:. Reuters
1514:USA Today
1215:Athlete's
1119:USA Today
313:triathlon
202:had read
2580:Wheelmen
2425:Wheelmen
2354:Films/TV
2116:abc news
2019:March 7,
1984:Wheelmen
1054:July 11,
1006:June 12,
977:June 12,
970:VeloNews
949:June 12,
923:June 12,
852:Velonews
793:March 7,
758:Wheelmen
628:L'Équipe
600:Adelaide
425:Wheelmen
325:steroids
280:lobbying
275:Wheelmen
257:players
255:baseball
2475:By year
2236:YouTube
1385:. USADA
1362:. USADA
596:the key
493:Twitter
372:to the
358:Olympic
98:records
62: (
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1991:
1857:RoadCC
1831:Forbes
1418:May 1,
765:
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589:Oakley
540:Arthur
472:, and
376:, the
179:. The
158:doping
152:, the
138:(WADA)
2590:Films
2551:Books
2386:Other
2329:Books
1487:(PDF)
1462:(PDF)
1437:(PDF)
1360:(PDF)
1201:(PDF)
1194:(PDF)
996:(PDF)
132:(UCI)
3547:2024
3538:2023
3534:2022
3525:2021
3521:2020
3501:2019
3492:2018
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