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913:. The teams were of different sizes. Some nations had more than one team, and some were mixed in with others to make up the number. National teams caught the public imagination but had a snag: that riders might normally have been in rival trade teams the rest of the season. The loyalty of riders was sometimes questionable, within and between teams. Sponsors were always unhappy about releasing their riders into anonymity for the biggest race of the year, as riders in national teams wore the colours of their country and a small cloth panel on their chest that named the team for which they normally rode. The situation became critical at the start of the 1960s. Sales of bicycles had fallen, and bicycle factories were closing. There was a risk, the trade said, that the industry would die if factories were not allowed the publicity of the Tour de France. The Tour returned to trade teams in 1962. In the same year, Ămilion Amaury, owner of
728:. Desgrange experimented with different ways of judging the winner. Initially he used total accumulated time (as used in the modern Tour de France) but from 1906 to 1912 by points for placings each day. Desgrange saw problems in judging both by time and by points. By time, a rider coping with a mechanical problemâwhich the rules insisted he repair aloneâcould lose so much time that it cost him the race. Equally, riders could finish so separated that time gained or lost on one or two days could decide the whole race. Judging the race by points removed over-influential time differences but discouraged competitors from riding hard. It made no difference whether they finished fast or slow or separated by seconds or hours, so they were inclined to ride together at a relaxed pace until close to the line, only then disputing the final placings that would give them points.
1913:, when the organizers decided to award a distinctive white jersey with red dots to the leader. This is colloquially referred to in English as the "polka dot" jersey. The climbers' jersey is worn by the rider who, at the start of each stage, has the largest number of climbing points. If the race leader is also leading the Mountains classification, the polka dot jersey will be worn by the next eligible rider in the Mountains standings. At the end of the Tour, the rider holding the most climbing points wins the classification. Some riders may race with the aim of winning this particular competition, while others who gain points early on may shift their focus to the classification during the race. The Tour has five categories for ranking the mountains the race covers. The scale ranges from category 4, the easiest, to hors catégorie, the hardest. During his career
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close to dropping the idea. Instead, he cut the length to 19 days, changed the dates to 1 to 19 July, and offered a daily allowance to those who averaged at least 20 kilometres per hour (12 mph) on all the stages, equivalent to what a rider would have expected to earn each day had he worked in a factory. He also cut the entry fee from 20 to 10 francs and set the first prize at 12,000 francs and the prize for each day's winner at 3,000 francs. The winner would thereby win six times what most workers earned in a year. That attracted between 60 and 80 entrants â the higher number may have included serious inquiries and some who dropped out â among them not just professionals but amateurs, some unemployed, and some simply adventurous.
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studentsâwho throw them. The number of items has been estimated at 11 million, each person in the procession giving out 3,000 to 5,000 items a day. A bank, GAN, gave out 170,000 caps, 80,000 badges, 60,000 plastic bags, and 535,000 copies of its race newspaper in 1994. Together, they weighed 32 tonnes (31 long tons; 35 short tons). The vehicles also have to be decorated on the morning of each stage and, because they must return to ordinary highway standards, disassembled after each stage. Numbers vary but there are normally around 250 vehicles each year. Their order on the road is established by contract, the leading vehicles belonging to the largest sponsors.
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3011:, one of those who had followed the race. Its head of publicity, Paul Thévenin, had first put the idea to Desgrange. It paid 50,000 francs. Preceding the race was more attractive to advertisers because spectators gathered by the road long before the race or could be attracted from their houses. Advertisers following the race found that many who had watched the race had already gone home. Menier handed out tons of chocolate in that first year of preceding the race, as well as 500,000 policemen's hats printed with the company's name. The success led to the caravan's existence being formalised the following year.
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3868:(OLN) in 1999; buoyed by Lance Armstrong's performance in the race, OLN considered the Tour to be its flagship program, and its coverage helped expand the then-fledging cable channel to over 60 million households. However, critics raised concerns over the extensive focus OLN placed on Armstrong during its coverage, with some jokingly stating that "OLN" stood for "Only Lance Network". The Tour would remain part of its programming through OLN's relaunch as mainstream sports channel Versus, and became integrated with NBC Sports after Versus parent company
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and lower placings getting successively fewer points), so the cyclist with the most points was awarded the green jersey. The number of points awarded varies depending on the type of stage, with flat stages awarding the most points at the finish and time trials and high mountain stages awarding the fewest points at the finish. This increases the likelihood of a sprinter winning the points classification, though other riders can be competitive for the classification if they have a sufficient number of high-place finishes.
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811:, Desgrange again attempted to take control of the Tour from teams, insisting competitors enter in national teams rather than trade teams and that competitors ride plain yellow bicycles that he would provide, without a maker's name. There was no place for individuals in the post-1930s teams, and so Desgrange created regional teams, generally from France, to take in riders who would not otherwise have qualified. The original touriste-routiers mostly disappeared, but some were absorbed into regional teams.
3750:. The first live coverage from the side of the road was from the Aubisque on 8 July 1958. Proposals to cover the whole race were abandoned in 1962 after objections from regional newspapers whose editors feared the competition. The dispute was settled, but not in time for the race, and the first complete coverage was the following year in 1963. In 1958 the first mountain climbs were broadcast live on television for the first time, and in 1959 helicopters were first used for the television coverage.
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1582:, which finally revealed much of the truth about doping in cycling. As a result, the UCI decided that each of Armstrong's seven wins would be revoked. This decision cleared the names of many people, including lesser-known riders, reporters, team medical staff, and even the wife of a rider who had their reputations tarnished or had been forced from the sport due to pressure from Armstrong and his support staff. Much of this only became possible after Floyd Landis came forward to
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2633:, which from 1984 awarded a red jersey for points awarded to the first three to pass intermediate points during the stage. These sprints also scored points towards the points classification and bonuses towards the general classification. The intermediate sprints classification with its red jersey was abolished in 1989, but the intermediate sprints have remained, offering points for the points classification and, until 2007, time bonuses for the general classification.
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Desgrange's uncertainty. His position as editor depended on raising sales. That would happen if the Tour succeeded. But the paper and his employers would lose much money if it didn't. Desgrange preferred to keep a distance. He didn't drop the flag at the start and he didn't follow the riders. Reporting was left to LefĂšvre, whose idea it had been, who followed the race by bike and by train. Desgrange showed a personal interest in his race only when it looked a success.
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2187:. The classification was added to draw the participation of the sprinters as well as celebrate the 50th anniversary of the Tour. Points are given to the first 15 riders to finish a stage, with an additional set of points given to the first 15 riders to cross a pre-determined 'sprint' point during the route of each stage. The point classification leader green jersey is worn by the rider who at the start of each stage, has the greatest number of points.
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specialties: points, mountains, and a classification for young riders with general classification aspirations. The leader of each of the aforementioned classifications wears a distinctive jersey, with riders leading multiple classifications wearing the jersey of the most prestigious that he leads. In addition to these four classifications, there are several minor and discontinued classifications that are competed for during the race.
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2598:, 100 francs and a silver gilt medal for "the rider having finished the course, even if unplaced, who is particularly distinguished for the energy he has used." The modern competition started in 1958. In 1959, a Super Combativity award for the most combative cyclist of the Tour was awarded. It was initially not awarded every year, but since 1981 it has been given annually. Eddy Merckx has the most wins (4) for the overall award.
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1894:. During stages of the race containing climbs, points are awarded to the first riders to reach the top of each categorized climb, with points available for up to the first 10 riders, depending on the classification of the climb. Climbs are classified according to the steepness and length of that particular hill, with more points available for harder climbs. The classification was preceded by the
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3027:. The modern Tour restricts the excesses to which advertisers are allowed to go but at first anything was allowed. The writer Pierre Bost lamented: "This caravan of 60 gaudy trucks singing across the countryside the virtues of an apéritif, a make of underpants or a dustbin is a shameful spectacle. It bellows, it plays ugly music, it's sad, it's ugly, it smells of vulgarity and money."
8127:"Cette caravane de soixante camions barriolĂ©s qui chantent Ă travers la campagne les vertus d'un apĂ©ritif, d'un caleçon ou d'une boĂźte Ă ordures fait un honteux spectacle. Cela crie, cela fait de la sale musique, c'est laid, c'est triste, c'est bĂȘte, cela sue la vulgaritĂ© et l'argent." â Laget, Serge (1990), La Saga du Tour de France, DĂ©couvertes Gaillard, France,
1586:. Also around this time, an investigation by the French government into doping in cycling revealed that way back during the 1998 Tour, close to 90% of the riders who were tested, retroactively tested positive for EPO. The result of these doping scandals being that in the case of Landis in 2006, and Contador in 2010, new winners were declared in
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determined after each stage's conclusion: he gains the privilege to wear the yellow jersey, presented on a podium in the stage's finishing town, for the next stage. If he is leading more than one classification that awards a jersey, he wears the yellow one, since the general classification is the most important one in the race. Between
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feature. The biggest stages are shown live from start to end, followed by interviews with riders and others and features such an edited version of the stage seen from beside a team manager following and advising riders from his car. Radio covers the race in updates throughout the day, particularly on the national news channel,
4632:(EPO), blood transfusion, testosterone, and other banned practices in several Tours. In October 2012 the UCI acted upon this report, formally stripping Armstrong of all titles since 1 August 1998, including all seven Tour victories, and announced that his Tour wins would not be reallocated to other riders.
4891:, the margins of the winner have become smaller, as the difference usually originates from time trials, breakaways or on mountain top finishes, or from being left behind the peloton. The smallest margins between the winner and the second placed cyclists at the end of the Tour is 8 seconds between winner
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does a three-jet flyover with the three colors of the French flag in smoke behind them. This stage rarely challenges the leader because it is flat and the leader usually has too much time in hand to be denied. In modern times, there tends to be a gentlemen's agreement: while the points classification
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The leader of the classification is determined the same way as the general classification, with the riders' times being added up after each stage and the eligible rider with lowest aggregate time is dubbed the leader. The Young rider classification is restricted to the riders that will stay under the
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introduced limits to daily and overall distances, imposed rest days, and tests were introduced for riders. It was then impossible to follow the frontiers, and the Tour increasingly zig-zagged across the country, sometimes with unconnected days' races linked by train, while still maintaining some sort
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in the
Netherlands and Belgium. These races are public spectacles where thousands of people can see their heroes from the Tour de France race. The budget of a criterium is over 100,000 Euro, with most of the money going to the riders. Jersey winners or big-name riders earn between 20 and 60 thousand
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In the local towns and cities that the Tour visits for stage starts and finishes, it is a spectacle that usually shuts these towns down for the day, resulting in a very festive atmosphere, and these events usually require months of planning and preparation. ASO employs around 70 people full-time, in
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is assessed by adding the time of each team's best three riders each day. The competition does not have its own jersey but since 2006 the leading team has worn numbers printed black-on-yellow. Until 1990, the leading team would wear yellow caps. As of 2012, the riders of the leading team wear yellow
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The winner of the classification is the rider with the most points at the end of the Tour. In case of a tie, the leader is determined by the number of stage wins, then the number of intermediate sprint victories, and finally, the rider's standing in the general classification. The classification has
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In the first years, the cyclist received penalty points for not finishing with a high place, so the cyclist with the fewest points was awarded the green jersey. From 1959 on, the system was changed so the cyclists were awarded points for high place finishes (with first place getting the most points,
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By the following spring, Desgrange was planning a longer Tour, with 11 stages rather than 6âand this time all in daylight to make any cheating more obvious. Stages in 1905 began between 3 am and 7:30 am. The race captured the imagination. The Tour returned after its suspension during World
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Many riders dropped out of the race after completing the initial stages, as the physical effort the tour required was just too much. Only a mere 24 entrants remained at the end of the fourth stage. The race finished on the edge of Paris at Ville d'Avray, outside the
Restaurant du PĂšre Auto, before a
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While no Tour winner has been convicted, or even seriously accused of doping in order to win the Tour in the past decade, due to the previous era, questions frequently arise when a strong performance exceeds expectations. While four-time champion Froome has been involved in a doping case, it is out
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Most stages are in mainland France, although since the mid-1950s it has become common to visit nearby countries. The Tour has visited thirteen different countries in its history: Andorra, Belgium, Denmark, Germany, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Monaco, the
Netherlands, San Marino, Spain, Switzerland,
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stages into 'flat', 'hilly', or 'mountain'. This affects the points awarded in the sprint classification, whether the 3 kilometer rule is operational, and the permitted disqualification time in which riders must finish (which is the winners' time plus a pre-determined percentage of that time). Time
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being the first to win the classification after placing seventh overall. The Tour de France awards a white jersey to the leader of the classification, although this was not done between 1989 and 2000. Six riders have won both the young rider classification and the general classification in the same
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tourists of the roadâfrom 1923 and were allowed to take part provided they make no demands on the organisers. Some of the Tour's most colourful characters have been touriste-routiers. One finished each day's race and then performed acrobatic tricks in the street to raise the price of a hotel. Until
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L'Auto preferred to concentrate on the Coupe Gordon-Bennett car race, even though it wasn't to start for another 48 hours. The choice reflects not only that the Tour de France was an unknown quantity â only after the first race had finished did it establish a reputation â but it hints at
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With the switch to the use of national teams in 1930, the costs of accommodating riders fell to the organizers instead of the sponsors and Henri
Desgrange raised the money by allowing advertisers to precede the race. The procession of often colourfully decorated trucks and cars became known as the
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goes to the rider who most animates the day, usually by trying to break clear of the field. The most combative rider wears a number printed white-on-beige instead of black-on-white next day. An award goes to the most aggressive rider throughout the Tour. Already in 1908 a sort of combativity award
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While the global awareness and popularity of the Tour grew during this time, its finances became stretched. Goddet and LĂ©vitan continued to clash over the running of the race. LĂ©vitan launched the Tour of
America as a precursor to his plans to take the Tour de France to the US. The Tour of America
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The use of false and often colourful names was not unusual. It reflected not only the daring of the enterprise but the slight scandal still associated with riding bicycle races, enough that some preferred to use a false name. The first city-to-city race, from Paris to Rouen, included many made-up
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Domestic television covers the most important stages of the Tour, such as those in the mountains, from mid-morning until early evening. Coverage typically starts with a survey of the day's route, interviews along the road, discussions of the difficulties and tactics ahead, and a 30-minute archive
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it was the scene of a 15.5 kilometres (9.6 mi) mountain time trial on the 16th stage. Riders complained of abusive spectators who threatened their progress up the climb. On this stage it is not uncommon for a low end estimate of the spectators in attendance to number 300,000. During a famous
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Prizes and bonuses are awarded for daily placings and final placings at the end of the race. In 2009, the winner received âŹ450,000, while each of the 21 stage winners won âŹ8,000 (âŹ10,000 for the team time-trial stage). The winners of the points classification and mountains classification each win
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from the
Mediterranean to the Atlantic. Stages would go through the night and finish next afternoon, with rest days before riders set off again. But this proved too daunting and the costs too great for most and only 15 competitors had entered. Desgrange had never been wholly convinced and he came
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and Jimmy Caspar in 2003. By following their quest for the points classification, won by Cooke, the film looks at the working of the brain. The film, made for IMAX theaters, appeared in
December 2005. It was directed by Bayley Silleck, who was nominated for an Academy Award for documentary short
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Jacques Goddet said in his autobiography that teams were using the rule to eliminate rivals. A rider in last position knew he would be disqualified at the end of the stage. If he dropped out before or during the stage, another competitor became the last and he would leave the race as well. That
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The book sold six million copies by the time of the first Tour de France, the biggest selling book of 19th-century France (other than the Bible). It stimulated a national interest in France, making it "visible and alive", as its preface said. There had already been a car race called the Tour de
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The procession sets off two hours before the start and then regroups to precede the riders by an hour and a half. It spreads 20â25 kilometres (12â16 mi) and takes 40 minutes to pass at between 20 kilometres per hour (12 mph) and 60 kilometres per hour (37 mph). Vehicles travel in
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The oldest and main competition in the Tour de France is known as the "general classification", for which the yellow jersey is awarded; the winner of this is said to have won the race. A few riders from each team aim to win overall, but there are three further competitions to draw riders of all
1356:, the fourth, and last, to win five times, and the only five-time winner to achieve those victories consecutively. He wore the race leader's yellow jersey in the Tour de France for 60 days. He holds the record for the most consecutive Tour de France wins and shares the record for most wins with
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The combination of unprecedented rigorous doping controls and almost no positive tests helped restore fans' confidence in the 2009 Tour de France. This led directly to an increase in global popularity of the event. The most watched stage of 2009 was stage 20, from Montélimar to Mont
Ventoux in
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allowed private broadcasters and privatised the leading television channel. Competition between channels raised the broadcasting fees paid to the organisers from 1.5 per cent of the race budget in 1960 to more than a third by the end of the century. Broadcasting time also increased as channels
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Advertisers pay the SociĂ©tĂ© du Tour de France approximately âŹ150,000 to place three vehicles in the caravan. Some have more. On top of that come the more considerable costs of the commercial samples that are thrown to the crowd and the cost of accommodating the drivers and the staffâfrequently
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The oldest and most sought-after classification in the Tour de France is the general classification. All of the stages are timed to the finish. The riders' times are compounded with their previous stage times; so the rider with the lowest aggregate time is the leader of the race. The leader is
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was mistakenly played. No Danish rider was in contention in 2009, and
Rasmussen, the only Danish rider capable of winning the Tour during this era, was not even in the race. Another rider absent was Floyd Landis, who had asked Armstrong to get him back on a team to ride the Tour once more, but
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finally get the chance he worked so hard for with a stunning and improbable solo breakaway on Stage 17 in which he set himself up to win the Tour in the final time trial, which he then did. Not long after the Tour was over, however, Landis was accused of doping and had his Tour win revoked.
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The format changed over time. The Tour originally ran around the perimeter of France. Cycling was an endurance sport, and the organisers realised the sales they would achieve by creating supermen of the competitors. Night riding was dropped after the second Tour in 1904, when there had been
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was launched by ASO in 2014 as a one-day classic held in conjunction with the men's race. The first edition was held on the Champs-ĂlysĂ©es prior to the final stage of the men's race, with La Course subsequently using other stages of the Tour prior to the men's race â with locations such as
1403:. On 25 May 2007, Bjarne Riis admitted that he placed first in the Tour de France using banned substances, and he was no longer considered the winner by the Tour's organizers. In July 2008, the Tour reconfirmed his victory but with an asterisk label to indicate his doping offences. In 2013
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responsible. When Lévitan arrived at his office on 17 March 1987, he found that his doors were locked and he was fired. The organisation of the 1987 Tour de France was taken over by Jean-François Naquet-Radiguet. He was not successful in acquiring more funds, and was fired within one year.
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the jersey was changed to red to please the sponsor. However, the color was changed back the following year. For almost 25 years the classification was sponsored by Pari Mutuel Urbain, a state betting company. However they announced in
November 2014 that they would not be continuing their
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would be the last. Cheating was rife, and riders were beaten up by rival fans as they neared the top of the col de la RĂ©publique, sometimes called the col du Grand Bois, outside St-Ătienne. The leading riders, including the winner Maurice Garin, were disqualified, though it took the Union
3140:, said: "The organisers must be afraid of terrorist attacks. If they are really thinking of a possible terrorist action, they are wrong. Our movement, which is nationalist and in favour of self-government, would be delighted if the Tour came to Corsica." The opening three stages of the
2820:, to decide who wears yellow on the opening day. The first prologue was in 1967. The 1988 event, at La Baule, was called "la préface". There are usually two or three time trials. The final time trial has sometimes been the final stage, more recently often the penultimate stage.
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Twenty to twenty-two teams of eight riders usually compete. All of the stages are timed to the finish and the riders' times are compounded with their previous stage times. The rider with the lowest cumulative time is the leader of the race and wears the yellow jersey. While the
1117:. Since then, this stage has been largely ceremonial and is generally only contested as a prestigious sprinters' stage. (See 'Notable Stages' below for examples of non-ceremonial finishes to this stage.) Occasionally, a rider will be given the honor of leading the rest of the
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the first year, prize money has increased each year, although from 1976 to 1987 the first prize was an apartment offered by a race sponsor. The first prize in 1988 was a car, a studio-apartment, a work of art, and 500,000 francs in cash. Prizes only in cash returned in 1990.
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area of outer western Paris. That number expands to about 220 during the race itself, not including the 500-odd contractors employed to move barriers, erect stages, signpost the route, and other work. ASO now also operates several other major bike races throughout the year.
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was closedâits doors nailed shutâand its belongings, including the Tour, sequestrated by the state for publishing articles too close to the Germans. Rights to the Tour were therefore owned by the government. Jacques Goddet was allowed to publish another daily sports paper,
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it was widely expected Spain would join Germany in a European war, though this did not come to pass). Henri Desgrange planned a Tour for 1940, after war had started but before France had been invaded. The route, approved by military authorities, included a route along the
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Jean-Pierre Lachaud joined the Tour de France caravan in 1983 to distribute publicity for Crédit Lyonnais, the bank that sponsors the yellow jersey. The experience led to his starting his own company, Newsport, which now administers the caravan for the Société du Tour de
4446:) disqualifying him from all his victories since 1 August 1998, including his seven consecutive Tour de France victories, and a lifetime ban from competing in professional sports. The ASO declined to name any other rider as winner in Armstrong's stead in those years.
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held the GC for the entire race, and at the end, the podium consisted solely of members of his racing team. While no one has equalled this feat since 1928, four times a racer has taken over the GC lead on the second stage and carried that lead all the way to Paris.
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LĂ©vitan helped drive an internationalization of the Tour de France, and cycling in general. Roche was the first winner from Ireland; however, in the years leading up to his victory, cyclists from numerous other countries began joining the ranks of the peloton. In
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saw a Tour where so many riders were doping that, when it went ten days without a single doping incident, it became news. It was during this Tour that a UCI official was quoted as saying, "These guys are crazy, and the sooner they start learning, the better."
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predicted he would wear the yellow jersey as leader of the general classification from start to finish in 1961, which he did. That year, the first day had two stages, the first part from Rouen to Versailles and the second part from Versailles to Versailles.
4998:, won at an average of 55.446 kilometres per hour (34.453 mph). The fastest stage win was by the 2013 Orica GreenEDGE team in a team time-trial. It completed the 25 kilometres (16 mi) in Nice (stage 5) at 57.8 kilometres per hour (35.9 mph).
5494:â was held following the Tour, replacing La Course. The Tour de France Femmes had its first stage on the Champs-ĂlysĂ©es prior to the final stage of the men's race. The announcement of the race was praised by the professional peloton and campaigners. The
788:. Desgrange stood against the use of multiple gears, and for many years insisted riders use wooden rims, fearing the heat of braking while coming down mountains would melt the glue that held the tires on metal rims (however, they were finally allowed in
654:
The first Tour de France was staged in 1903. The plan was a five-stage race from 31 May to 5 July, starting in Paris and stopping in Lyon, Marseille, Bordeaux, and Nantes before returning to Paris. Toulouse was added later to break the long haul across
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was more uncertain than past editions, as previous winners Hinault and Zoetemelk had retired, LeMond was absent, and Fignon was suffering from a lingering injury. As such, the race was highly competitive, and the lead changed hands eight times before
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stage to Galibier marked the 100th anniversary of the mountain in the Tour and also boasted the highest finish altitude ever: 2,645 metres (8,678 ft). Some mountain stages have become memorable because of the weather. An example is a stage in
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and Chavanel share the record for the most finishes at 16, with Zoetemelk having completed all 16 of the Tours that he started. Of these 16 Tours Zoetemelk came in the top five 11 times, a record, finished 2nd six times, a record, and won the
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VĂ©locipĂšdique de France until 30 November to make the decision. McGann says the UVF waited so long "...well aware of the passions aroused by the race." Desgrange's opinion of the fighting and cheating showed in the headline of his reaction in
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in Paris. The modern editions of the Tour de France consist of 21 day-long stages over a 23 or 24 day period and cover approximately 3,500 kilometres (2,200 mi) total. The race alternates between clockwise and counterclockwise circuits.
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published documents it said showed Armstrong had used EPO in the 1999 race. At the same Tour, Armstrong's urine showed traces of a glucocorticosteroid hormone, although below the positive threshold. He said he had used skin cream containing
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team, before LeMond prevailed. It was the first ever victory for a rider from outside of Europe. The 1986 Tour is widely considered to be one of the most memorable in the history of the sport due to the battle between LeMond and Hinault.
2640:, scored on a points system based on standings in the general, points and mountains classifications. The design was originally white, then a patchwork with areas resembling each individual jersey design. This was also abolished in 1989.
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The caravan was at its height between 1930 and the mid-1960s, before television and especially television advertising was established in France. Advertisers competed to attract public attention. Motorcycle acrobats performed for the
625:. LefĂšvre suggested a six-day race of the sort popular on the track but all around France. Long-distance cycle races were a popular means to sell more newspapers, but nothing of the length that LefĂšvre suggested had been attempted.
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The first television pictures were shown a day after a stage. The national TV channel used two 16mm cameras, a Jeep, and a motorbike. Film was flown or taken by train to Paris, where it was edited and then shown the following day.
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multiple landslides and hail storms forced two critical mountain stages to be considerably shortened. Authorities made every effort to plow the road and make the course safe, but the volume of hail, mud and debris proved too much.
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helmets. During the era of national teams, France and Belgium won 10 times each. From 1973 up to 1988, there was also a team classification based on points (stage classification); members of the leading team would wear green caps.
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and kept on riding to the first of his astonishing seven consecutive Tour de France victories; however, in retrospect, 1999 was just the beginning of the doping problem getting much, much worse. Following Armstrong's retirement in
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shook the sport to its core when it became apparent that there was systematic doping going on in the sport. Numerous riders and a handful of teams were either thrown out of the race, or left of their own free will, and in the end
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Lemond returned from injury and won back-to-back Tours, with the 1989 edition still standing as the closest two-way battle in TDF history, with Lemond claiming an 8-second victory on the final time trial to best Laurent Fignon.
2973:) are particularly prestigious. The race may start with a prologue (too short to go between towns) in which case the start of the next day's racing, which would be considered stage 1, usually in the same town. In 2007 director
4355:, police limited their tactics and riders continued. Some riders had dropped out and only 96 finished the race. It became clear in a trial that management and health officials of the Festina team had organised the doping.
3132:. Jean-Marie Leblanc, when he was organiser, said the island had never asked for a stage start there. It would be difficult to find accommodation for 4,000 people, he said. The spokesman of the Corsican nationalist party
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In the early years of the Tour, cyclists rode individually, and were sometimes forbidden to ride together. This led to large gaps between the winner and the number two. Since the cyclists now tend to stay together in a
1086:, he already had a commanding lead when he launched a long-distance solo attack in the mountains which none of the other elite riders could answer, resulting in an eventual winning margin of nearly eighteen minutes. In
5020:
The record for total number of days wearing the yellow jersey is 96, held by Eddy Merckx. Bernard Hinault, Miguel IndurĂĄin, Chris Froome and Jacques Anquetil are the only other riders who have worn it 50 days or more.
3092:. Teams would have been drawn from military units in France, including the British, who would have been organised by a journalist, Bill Mills. Then the Germans invaded and the race was not held again until 1947 (see
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broadcast for Radio Cité. They used telephone lines. In 1932 they broadcast the sound of riders crossing the col d'Aubisque in the Pyrenees on 12 July, using a recording machine and transmitting the sound later.
759:
Desgrange initially preferred to see the Tour as a race of individuals. The first Tours were open to whoever wanted to compete. Most riders were in teams that looked after them. The private entrants were called
3047:
and from an aircraft and organised on the road by the caravan directorâJean-Pierre Lachaudâan assistant, three motorcyclists, two radio technicians, and a breakdown and medical crew. Six motorcyclists from the
893:
s finances were never sound, and Goddet accepted an advance by Ămilion Amaury, who had supported his bid to run the postwar Tour. Amaury was a newspaper magnate whose sole condition was that his sports editor,
5017:, who beat the peloton by just over 23:00 and the second place rider by 22 m 50s in the MontgenĂšvre-Manosque stage in 1976. He was the fourth and most recent rider to win a stage by more than 20 minutes.
1388:. These superior abilities in the discipline fit perfectly with the time trial heavy Tours of the era, with many featuring between 150 and 200 km of time trialling vs the more common 50â80 km today.
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on 25 May 2007 that he used EPO regularly from 1993 to 1998, including when he won the 1996 Tour. His admission meant the top three in 1996 were all linked to doping, two admitting cheating. On 24 July 2007
2662:. Such was sympathy that he could command higher fees in the races that previously followed the Tour. In 1939 and 1948 the organisers excluded the last rider every day, to encourage more competitive racing.
9358:"Lance Armstrong Receives Lifetime Ban And Disqualification Of Competitive Results For Doping Violations Stemming From His Involvement In The United States Postal Service Pro-Cycling Team Doping Conspiracy"
2748:, the green jersey sponsor, have given, since 2011 a glass trophy in green to the winner of that competition. More recently, similar trophies in clear glass have been awarded to the other jersey winners.
1812:, the general classification was awarded according to a point-based system based on their placings in each stage, and the rider with the lowest total of points after the Tour's conclusion was the winner.
1503:
late in the Tour, in position to win, when his own team sacked him for a possible doping infraction; this allowed the rising star Contador to ride mistake-free for the remaining stages to win his first.
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was a rider who went his entire career without a single doping incident and between approximately 1994 and 2011 this was the only Tour to have a winner with a clear biological passport. 2009 saw the
402:
Traditionally, the bulk of the race is held in July. While the route changes each year, the format of the race stays the same, and includes time trials, passage through the mountain's chains of the
3719:, the organisers. The race was founded to increase sales of a floundering newspaper and its editor, Desgrange, saw no reason to allow rival publications to profit. The first time papers other than
690:
ceremonial ride into Paris and several laps of the Parc des Princes. Garin dominated the race, winning the first and last two stages, at 25.68 kilometres per hour (15.96 mph). The last rider,
1670:, who was the first Slovenian winner, and the second youngest (at 21) after Henri Cornet in 1904. He also won the mountain and youth classifications, becoming the first rider since Eddy Merckx in
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with 17. In light of Hincapie's suspension for use of performance-enhancing drugs, before which he held the mark for most consecutive finishes with sixteen, having completed all but his first,
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Giffard was the first to suggest a race that lasted several days, new to cycling but established practice in car racing. Unlike other cycle races, it would also be run largely without pacers.
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bonuses of 10, 6, and 4 seconds are awarded to the first three finishers, though this was not done from 2008 to 2014. Bonuses were previously also awarded to winners of intermediate sprints.
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age of 26 in the calendar year the race is held. Originally the classification was restricted to neo-professionals â riders that are in their first three years of professional racing â until
8003:
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to print same-day posters documenting events of each stage of the Tour de France. The designers called the project "endurance letterpress." A 2013 article on the poster series appeared in
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him, publicly pledged to ride in support of LeMond. Several attacks during the race cast doubt on the sincerity of his promise, leading to a rift between the two riders and the entire
10448:
More than 93,000 have signed a petition by the group, led by cyclist and writer Kathryn Bertine, World Ironman champion Chrissie Wellington, and cyclists Marianne Vos and Emma Pooley.
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under the name G. Bruno and published in 1877, it sold six million by 1900, seven million by 1914 and 8,400,000 by 1976. It was used in schools until the 1950s and is still available.
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he came close to repeating the feat, but was five points behind the winner in the points classification. The only other rider to come close to this achievement is Bernard Hinault in
901:
On the Tour's return, the format of the race settled on between 20 and 25 stages. Most stages would last one day, but the scheduling of 'split' stages continued well into the 1980s.
8296:
784:, Desgrange demanded that riders mend their bicycles without help and that they use the same bicycle from start to end. Exchanging a damaged bicycle for another was allowed only in
527:
9647:
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wore the yellow jersey for 96 stages, which is more than any other rider in the history of the Tour. Four riders have won the general classification five times in their career:
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7195:
1825:, was printed on yellow paper), was added to the race in the 1919 edition and it has since become a symbol of the Tour de France. The first rider to wear the yellow jersey was
9319:
5807:
3757:. At first he was the only commentator. He was joined in following seasons by an analyst for the mountain stages and by a commentator following the competitors by motorcycle.
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France but it was the publicity behind the cycling race, and Desgrange's drive to educate and improve the population, that inspired the French to know more of their country.
740:
persistent cheating when judges could not see riders. That reduced the daily and overall distance, but the emphasis remained on endurance. The first mountain stages (in the
5009:. In the CarcassonneâLuchon stage, he stayed away for 253 kilometres (157 mi). It was one of seven breakaways longer than 200 kilometres (120 mi), the last being
1882:
The mountains classification is the second-oldest jersey awarding classification in the Tour de France. The mountains classification was added to the Tour de France in the
881:'s race was better organised and appealed more to the public because it featured national teams that had been successful before the war, when French cycling was at a high.
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4640:
as officials try not to have a repeat of EPO with 'H7379 Haemoglobin Human'. Despite initially beginning as an operation to investigate the winter sport of Nordic Skiing,
4735:
1934: A motorcyclist giving a demonstration in the velodrome of La Roche-sur-Yon, to entertain the crowd before the cyclists arrived, died after he crashed at high speed.
3726:
The Tour was shown first on cinema newsreels a day or more after the event. The first live radio broadcast was in 1929, when Jean Antoine and Alex Virot of the newspaper
1517:
for one of the teams noted how riders were secretly and anonymously buying doping products on the internet. Like Greg LeMond at the beginning of the EPO era, 2008 winner
13094:
7144:
9595:
5013:'s 234 kilometres (145 mi) escape in 1991. Bourlon finished 16 m 30s ahead. This is one of the biggest time gaps but not the greatest. That record belongs to
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did it during the Tour's first edition, 1903; he repeated the feat the next year, but the results were nullified by the officials as a response to widespread cheating.
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admitted using EPO during the first week of the 1996 Tour, when he won the points classification. Following his plea that other cyclists admit to drugs, former winner
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1002:. He stated before the 1961 Tour that he would gain the yellow jersey on day one and wear it all through the tour, a tall order with two previous winners in the fieldâ
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publicity caravan. It formalised an existing situation, companies having started to follow the race. The first to sign to precede the Tour was the chocolate company,
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12137:
7726:
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700:'s mission was accomplished, as circulation of the publication doubled throughout the race, making the race something much larger than Desgrange had ever hoped for.
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563:
The Tour de France was created in 1903. The roots of the Tour de France trace back to the emergence of two rival sports newspapers in the country. On one hand was
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498:
12526:
12498:
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8135:. Legend says people in remote areas ran into their houses at the sight of a giant model black lion on the roof of a car promoting Lion Noir shoe polish in 1930.
4914:, followed by Bernard Hinault and Joop Zoetemelk with seven. Poulidor never finished in 1st place and neither Hinault nor Zoetemelk ever finished in 3rd place.
4644:
is of particular interest to this sport because it involved people formerly and presently involved in cycling. Including the since vacated 2008 podium finisher
3096:). The first German team after the war was in 1960, although individual Germans had ridden in mixed teams. The Tour has since started in Germany four times: in
554:
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was removed for "violating internal team rules" by missing random tests on 9 May and 28 June. Rasmussen claimed to have been in Mexico. The Italian journalist
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7130:
1716:, rounded out the podium. PogaÄar won six stages, including five of the last eight stages. With his win, he became only the eighth rider, and the first since
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lost much money, and it appeared to have been cross-financed by the Tour de France. In the years before 1987, LĂ©vitan's position had always been protected by
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started in late August, the first time since the end of World War II that the Tour was not held in July. This saw the first of two successive victories for
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1026:", because he never won the Tour, despite finishing in second place three times, and in third place five times (including his final Tour at the age of 40).
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was billed as the âTour of Renewalâ as the sport tried to clean up its image following the doping fiasco of the previous year. Initially it seemed to be a
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2884:. This attack was not a threat to the overall lead, but was a long-shot at the Podium standings, as Vinokourov was about five minutes behind third place.
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The first time trial in the Tour was between La Roche-sur-Yon and Nantes (80 km) in 1934. The first stage in modern Tours is often a short trial, a
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The Tour de France appealed from the start not just for the distance and its demands but because it played to a wish for national unity, a call to what
1829:. Riders usually try to make the extra effort to keep the jersey for as long as possible in order to get more publicity for the team and its sponsors.
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since 1999, under a contract most recently renewed in 2023 to last through 2029. Currently, all stages stream exclusively on its streaming platform
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as the UK terrestrial broadcaster. Channel 4 coverage had been broadcast for the previous 15 years with episodes introduced with a theme written by
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The first year the points classification was used it was sponsored by La Belle JardiniĂšre, a lawn mower producer, and the jersey was made green. In
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During this era, race director Felix LĂ©vitan began to recruit additional sponsors, sometimes accepting prizes in kind if he could not get cash. In
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2956:. A snowstorm at the start area led to a shortening of the stage from 190 kilometres (120 mi) to just 46 kilometres (29 mi). During the
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The stations use a staff of 300 with four helicopters, two aircraft, two motorcycles, 35 other vehicles including trucks, and 20 podium cameras.
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After every stage, the general classification leader receive the yellow jersey and, since 1987, a toy lyon offered by the yellow jersey sponsor,
2739:
1275:
Months before the start of the 1988 Tour, director Jean-François Naquet-Radiguet was replaced by Xavier Louy. In 1988, the Tour was organised by
458:
was held under various names between 1984 and 2009. Following criticism by campaigners and the professional women's peloton, a one/two day race (
419:
10024:
7362:
2477:. PogaÄar is the only rider to win the Young Rider's Classification 4-times overall and has held the white jersey for a record 75 days in total.
447:, based on the first three finishers from each team on each stage. Achieving a stage win also provides prestige, often accomplished by a team's
12018:
12013:
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4879:(1885â1963) was the record holder for the number of participations in the Tour de France, and even sole holder of this record until 1966, when
4648:, who made accusations that a team doctor instructed riders how to dope, which prompted further investigation into this matter by authorities.
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after he won stage 17, but this was not confirmed until some two weeks after the race finished. On 30 June 2008 Landis lost his appeal to the
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is often claimed to be the hardest in the Tour because of the harsh conditions. Another notable mountain stage frequently featured climbs the
2550:). Three riders have won the young rider classification three times in their respective careers: Jan Ullrich, Andy Schleck and Tadej PogaÄar.
1291:âhe commentated on the Tour among other eventsâreplaced Leblanc in 2007, having been assistant director for three years. In 1993 ownership of
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The Tour has been won three times by racers who led the general classification on the first stage and holding the lead all the way to Paris.
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2803:
10561:
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of an abundance of caution that modern riders are kept under a microscope with bike inspections to check for "mechanical doping" as well as
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to win by eight seconds, the closest margin in the Tour's history. The final stage has since only been held as a time trial once, in 2024.
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428:
3781:. The two stations, renamed France 2 and France 3, still hold the domestic rights and provide pictures for broadcasters around the world.
11996:
11991:
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The Tour is an important cultural event for fans in Europe. Millions line the route, some having camped for a week to get the best view.
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FĂ©lix Levitan, race organizer in the 1980s, was keen to host stages in the United States, but these proposals have never been developed.
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906:
595:âwhich reported more than cyclingâbecause its financial backer was one of their commercial rivals, the Darracq company. De Dion believed
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2009: 18 July, Stage 14: A spectator in her 60s was struck and killed by a police motorcycle while crossing a road along the route near
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gave Darracq too much attention and him too little. De Dion was rich and could afford to indulge his whims. The new newspaper appointed
548:
518:
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7979:"Stage 16 â 21 July: Bourg d'Oisans â Alpe d'Huez ITT, 15.5 km; Sign of the times: Armstrong dominates on l'Alpe d'Huez"
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was put in charge of sporting issues. The Tour de France was meant for professional cyclists, but in 1961 the organisation started the
663:
The first Tour de France started almost outside the Café Reveil-Matin at the junction of the Melun and Corbeil roads in the village of
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7765:
3942:
The academic historians Jean-Luc Boeuf and Yves LĂ©onard say most people in France had little idea of the shape of their country until
1010:âbut he did it. His victories in stage races such as the Tour were built on an exceptional ability to ride alone against the clock in
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12062:
12057:
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Anquetil took the yellow jersey after the second half-stage (time trial) of the first day, Darrigade having won the first half-stage.
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By the end of the 1920s, Desgrange believed he could not beat what he believed were the underhand tactics of bike factories. When in
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510:
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4174:, partnered with the organizer Amaury Sport Organisation, has produced a documentary series about the eight major teams across the
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No teams from Italy, Germany, or Spain rode in 1939 because of tensions preceding the Second World War (after German assistance to
617:
sales were lower than the rival it was intended to surpass, leading to a crisis meeting on 20 November 1902 on the middle floor of
502:
391:. As the Tour gained prominence and popularity, the race was lengthened and gained more international participation. The Tour is a
12423:
12302:
9805:
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3806:, and some stations provide continuous commentary on long wave. The 1979 Tour was the first to be broadcast in the United States.
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Pierre Bost was a journalist and playwright known for the prolific film and stage scripts he wrote in the 1940s. He died in 1975.
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539:
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Provence, with a global total audience of 44 million, making it the 12th most watched sporting event in the world in 2009.
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French aviation company HĂ©licoptĂšres de France (HdF) has provided aerial filming services for the Tour since 1999. HdF operates
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wore the yellow jersey after winning the opening stage but Anquetil was in yellow at the end of the day after the time trial.
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said that "in general, for a period of five years we have the Tour start outside France three times and within France twice."
1303:(ASO) to oversee its sports operations, although the Tour itself is operated by its subsidiary the Société du Tour de France.
508:
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490:
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13159:
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to race over the same route as a Tour de France stage. First held in 1993, and now organised by the ASO, in conjunction with
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898:, should join Goddet for the Tour. The two worked togetherâwith Goddet running the sporting side, and LĂ©vitan the financial.
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proposed a 1-year ban but reversed its ruling on 15 February and cleared Contador to race. Despite a pending appeal by the
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is still contended if possible, the overall classification is not fought over; because of this, it is not uncommon for the
529:
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failed for a variety of reasons such as high costs, lack of sponsorship and inability to use the Tour de France branding.
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s office at 10 Rue du Faubourg Montmartre, Paris. The last to speak was the chief cycling journalist, a 26-year-old named
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The points classification is the third oldest of the currently awarded jersey classifications. It was introduced in the
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became the first Australian to win the Tour after coming up just short several times in the previous few editions. The
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was the first great French rider of the post-war period and the first rider to win the Tour in three successive years,
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4505:) after winning a time trial, prompting his Astana team to pull out and police to raid the team's hotel. The next day
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called the France "of earth and deaths" or what Georges Vigarello called "the image of a France united by its earth."
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The formula in 1905 was a combination of both time and points. Riders had points deducted for each five minutes lost.
4228:
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1594:, respectively; however, in the case of the seven Tours revoked from Armstrong, there was no alternate winner named.
756:. After this, stages were gradually shortened, such that by 1936 there were as many as three stages in a single day.
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494:
491:
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A race for female cyclists similar to the men's Tour de France had been organized in 1955, but it was not official.
4601:
4597:
2877:
1863:
1372:, gaining on rivals and riding defensively in the climbing stages. IndurĂĄin won only two Tour stages that were not
528:
525:
515:
387:). and has been held annually since, except when it was not held from 1915 to 1918 and 1940 to 1946 due to the two
13033:
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4903:. The largest margin, by comparison, remains that of the first Tour in 1903: 2h 49m 45s between Maurice Garin and
4524:
told Danish television he had seen Rasmussen in Italy. The alleged lying prompted Rasmussen's firing by Rabobank.
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and the United Kingdom, all of which have hosted stages or part of a stage. Since 1975 the finish has been on the
511:
505:
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On the other hand, some events related to Tour de France have been held by ASO, around the world. Tour de France
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20:
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by Alex Joffé, with Bourvil et Monique TarbÚs, also featured it. Footage of the 1970 Tour de France is shown in
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sponsorship, and in March 2015 it was revealed that the green jersey would now be sponsored by German automaker
584:
542:
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519:
513:
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4804:, won the combination classification, combativity award, the points competition, and the Tour in the same yearâ
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helicopters for this purpose, and the pilots undergo training along the course for six months before the race.
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names or simply initials. The first woman to finish had entered as "Miss America", despite not being American.
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seven times, however they both had results voided and now officially have zero and six podiums respectively.
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was awarded a green armband. The yellow jersey (the color was chosen as the newspaper that created the Tour,
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Golden stages of the Tour de France : tales from the legendary stages of the world's greatest bike race
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had La Ronde de France. Both were five stages, the longest the government would allow because of shortages.
814:
Desgrange died at home on the Mediterranean coast on 16 August 1940. The race was taken over by his deputy,
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11228:
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8542:"NBC Sports renews with Tour de France through 2029, with all stages exclusively airing on Peacock in 2024"
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1534:, an American continental team, and not long after this initiated contact with USADA to discuss Armstrong.
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The fastest massed-start stage was in 1999 from Laval to Blois (194.5 kilometres (120.9 mi)), won by
4086:. The film was directed by Pepe Danquart, who won an Academy Award for live-action short film in 1993 for
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2486:. In 1983, the organizers made it so that only first time riders were eligible for the classification. In
1712:, PogaÄar took back the Tour title, winning by more than six minutes over Vingegaard while Tour debutant,
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A podium camera is not one focused on the winner's podium but a full-scale camera on a mount, or podium.
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Several different versions of a Tour de France for women were held between the 1980s and 2000s, however
3974:" in 1983 â described as a minimalistic "melding of man and machine" â and produced an album,
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winner of the overall classification to ride into Paris holding a glass of champagne. The only time the
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where his monument stands, or to the first rider over the highest col in the Tour. A similar award, the
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with a suggestion that national teams could come back every few years, but this has not happened since.
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overturned a three-minute deficit on the 257 kilometres (160 mi) final stage into Paris. In 1968,
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4539:, a variant of EPO, after the fourth stage. In October 2008, it was revealed that RiccĂČ's teammate and
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of Australia (young rider) became the first winners of any Tour classifications from outside cycling's
777:, an unsuccessful experiment which sought to avoid a proliferation of sprint finishes on flat stages.
467:
10799:
8056:"Tour de France Stage 19 stopped due to hailstorm and landslide, could have lasting race implications"
7978:
4859:, who rode his 18th and final Tour in 2018. Prior to Chavanel's final Tour, he shared the record with
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To host a stage start or finish brings prestige and business to a town. The prologue and first stage (
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when he withdrew, and only once in his Tour de France career was he soundly defeated, and this was by
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Twice the Tour was won by a racer who never wore the yellow jersey until the race was over. In 1947,
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on Tour de France 2024. The roads become narrow corridors with the spectators on the mountain stages.
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2695:(calculated by adding the cumulative times of the best three riders in each team) receives âŹ50 000 .
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co-organizer of the Tour, and it was decided that Levitan would focus on the financial issues, while
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were banned by their teams a day before the start. Seventeen riders were implicated. American rider
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and amphetamine. Police raided team hotels and found products in the possession of the cycling team
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1037:, after which riders went on strike, although the organisers suspected sponsors provoked them. The
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As of 2015 Jersey sponsor is Optician company Krys, replacing Ć koda who moved to the Green Jersey.
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10323:"Discovery Channel Pro Cycling Team Breaking Records With Trek Bikes Designed On AMD64 Technology"
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Such was the passion that the first Tour created in spectators and riders that Desgrange said the
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9133:"Beer Breaks during the Tour de France. Some observations on beer and cycling in the early 1900s"
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4816:, who won the overall and points competitions and placed second in the mountains classification.
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1988 onward was arguably the beginning of what can be referred to as the doping era. A new drug,
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683:
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4418:, a rider with the Kelme team, alleged he had been forced by his team to use banned substances.
3837:. Initially, live coverage was only broadcast at the weekend but since the 2010 Tour de France,
2876:. He was unsuccessful and he and Roche finished in the peloton. In 2005, controversy arose when
2691:âŹ25,000, the young rider competition and the combativity prize âŹ20,000 ; the winner of the
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was attacked in a manner that lasted all the way through the end of this stage was during the
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9183:"Association of British Cycling Coaches (ABCC), Drugs and the Tour De France by Ramin Minovi"
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8642:"Live from Tour de France: NBC Sports Network tells story of Stage 7 to Nuits-Saint-Georges"
8006:[Raymond Poulidor and Jacques Anquetil: the legendary duel at Puy de DĂŽme in 1964].
5437:
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1246:, a version for women. It was run in the same weeks as the men's version, and it was won by
646:, winner of the first Tour de France standing on the right. The man on the left is possibly
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Sprinting Through No Man's Land: Endurance, Tragedy, and Rebirth in the 1919 Tour de France
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4155:. This 30-minute documentary has no narration and relies on sights and sounds of the Tour.
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were allowed was 1921, when 15 press cars were allowed for regional and foreign reporters.
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Dopage: l'imposture des performances : mensonges et vérités sur l'école de la triche
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won the Giro d'Italia and the Tour de France in the same year, the first rider to do so.
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3927:. It told of two boys, André and Julien, who "in a thick September fog left the town of
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1557:, who along with Contador became the next big stars to attempt to contest the giants of
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The first live broadcast, and the second of any sport in France, was the finish at the
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red lantern, as in the red light at the back of a vehicle so it can be seen in the dark
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and Colombia. In 1984, for the first time, the Société du Tour de France organized the
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4742:, a journalist for Radio Luxembourg, went off a mountain road in the Spanish Pyrenees.
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were found in her car. RumĆĄas, who had not failed a test, was not penalised. In 2004,
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The first three Tours from 1903 to 1905 stayed within France. The 1906 race went into
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competed to secure the rights. The two largest channels to stay in public ownership,
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The following editions of the Tour started, or are planned to start, outside France:
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667:. It was waved away by the starter, Georges Abran, at 3:16 p.m. on 1 July 1903.
12383:
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10767:
The Tour De France, 1903-2003: A Century of Sporting Structures, Meanings and Values
10612:
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has broadcast daily live coverage of every stage except the final which is shown on
3144:
were held on Corsica as part of the celebrations for the 100th edition of the race.
2949:
1736:, who held the record for 49 years, for the all-time stage wins record in the Tour.
1255:
748:. Early tours had long multi-day stages, with the format settling on 15 stages from
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12973:
12958:
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1914:
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and the Tour de France in the same calendar year. On stage 5 of the race, sprinter
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of Lance Armstrong and, strangely, after Contador was able to defeat his teammate,
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heartlands, while LĂ©vitan was influential in facilitating the participation in the
1207:
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838:
804:
622:
608:
448:
361:
230:
10267:"Tour de France: Dennis sets record speed to claim first maillot jaune in Utrecht"
9320:"Armstrong's journey : Tour leader rides from Texas plains to Champs-ĂlysĂ©es"
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5403:
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From the late 1970s and into the early 1980s, the Tour was dominated by Frenchman
1113:. This same year Levitan also introduced the finish of the Tour at the Avenue des
323:
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13008:
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11144:
11123:
11074:
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10908:
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10866:
10845:
10821:
Marketing Michelin: Advertising and Cultural Identity in Twentieth-Century France
10793:
10765:
10740:
10711:
10700:
10672:
10644:
10050:
9971:
9755:
9733:
8872:
8004:"Raymond Poulidor et Jacques Anquetil: le duel légendaire au Puy de DÎme en 1964"
7899:
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of the Netherlands secured his win in the individual time trial on the last day.
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4617:
4582:, but in February 2012, Contador was suspended and stripped of his 2010 victory.
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to see France at a time when few people had gone far beyond their nearest town."
3754:
3474:
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3061:
2936:
2881:
2799:
2703:
2498:
2490:, the organizers changed the rules of the classification to what they are today.
1842:
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774:
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9065:"ASO confirms new details of Netflix-Tour de France deal with eight major teams"
6833:"Floyd Landis admits doping to clear his conscience, implicates Lance Armstrong"
4964:
4745:
1958: An official, Constant Wouters, died from injuries received after sprinter
4374:
use). This would lead the UCI to becoming a particularly interested party in an
4126:
A fan, Scott Coady, followed the 2000 Tour with a handheld video camera to make
4024:
2795:
807:
to win even though he was sick, he said, "My race has been won by a corpse". In
431:
attracts the most attention, there are other contests held within the Tour: the
13177:
13064:
13013:
12993:
12903:
12898:
12682:
12344:
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10789:
10664:
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5002:
4956:
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4839:
4767:, known as Phillippe, was hit by a car in the Tour de France publicity caravan.
4691:
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4469:, who finished the Tour as holder of the overall lead, had tested positive for
4411:
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of Belgium led in the bunch after a stage of 340 kilometres (210 mi) from
2911:
2903:
2892:
2836:
2715:
2702:, in memory of the founder of the Tour, is awarded to the first rider over the
2670:
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2565:
2503:
2133:
1887:
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became the first Colombian winner in 2019. The streak was interrupted only by
1614:
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1321:
1159:
1151:
1079:
922:
834:
815:
588:
569:, the first and the largest daily sports newspaper in France, on the other was
392:
114:
11076:
The Unknown Tour De France: The Many Faces of the World's Biggest Bicycle Race
4971:
with 19, and Eddy Merckx with 18. The youngest Tour de France stage winner is
4421:
From 1999 to 2005, seven successive tours were declared as having been won by
2924:
2184:
1150:, who would become the third rider to win five times. Hinault was defeated by
1082:
in 2024. Merckx's dominating style earned him the nickname "The Cannibal". In
603:
as the editor. He was a prominent cyclist and owner with Victor Goddet of the
383:
13461:
13400:
13252:
13084:
12787:
12230:
10668:
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10435:
9892:
Tour de France : il y a 50 ans, neuf personnes étaient tuées en Dordogne
9699:
9259:
8258:"111th Edition : A set of aces on top of the bill - Tour de France 2024"
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6844:
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5331:
5010:
4831:
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between Desgrange's collaborator, Alphonse SteinĂšs, and the German governor.
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The influx of more international riders continued through this period, as in
1325:
1324:(EPO), began to be used; it could not be detected by drug tests of the time.
1195:
1182:
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675:
643:
396:
356:
held primarily in France. It is the oldest and most prestigious of the three
204:
11105:
Inside the Tour de France: The Pictures, the Legends, and the Untold Stories
9849:"The remarkable tale of Alex Virot, the tragic Tintin of the Tour de France"
9137:
Ludica, Annali di Storia e CiviltĂ del Gioco, 17â18 (2011â2012), Pp. 188â190
7934:"The Outer Line: Remembering Greg LeMond's thrilling victory 30 years later"
7104:"Annemiek van Vleuten claims Tour de France Femmes despite six bike changes"
4438:. Armstrong said he had received permission from the UCI to use this cream.
4260:
to dull the pain. Over the years they began to increase performance and the
3626:
3109:
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1306:
1091:
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10678:
8804:(3 October 2007). "Developments in Mass Politics: The Spread of Images and
5252:
4987:
4671:
4621:
4502:
4466:
4435:
4407:
4363:
4313:
4252:
have plagued the Tour almost since it began in 1903. Early riders consumed
3822:
3089:
2880:
attacked and won the stage, in the process taking fifth place overall from
2683:
2523:
1701:, with PogaÄar coming second both times. The 2022 race was followed by the
1610:
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1568:
1554:
1510:
1473:
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1202:
later in the season, he became only the second rider (after Merckx) to win
1090:
he did not win because he did not enter the Tour; instead, his great rival
941:
818:. The Tour was again disrupted by War after 1939, and did not return until
647:
10562:"Uttrup Ludwig: Racing Tour de France Femmes will make us part of history"
10411:"Cycling-Women's Tour de France organisers hoping the race will live long"
7824:"Voeckler: Tour de France time bonuses could spell the end for breakaways"
7527:
3023:, became one of the most popular sights as she performed on the roof of a
830:
575:, which had been set up by journalists and businesspeople including Comte
12707:
10586:
10510:"Tour de France Femmes: A jewel that we must cherish, says Marion Rousse"
9720:
7486:"Team Sky's yellow helmets cause a kerfuffle during Tour de France Stage"
5367:
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4936:
4921:
4892:
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4709:
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Broadcasting in France was largely a state monopoly until 1982, when the
3531:
3379:
3105:
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2872:
vowed to attack during the stage to challenge the 40-second lead held by
2619:
2531:
2507:
2196:
2137:
1838:
1830:
1733:
1683:
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to win three jerseys in a single Tour. PogaÄar repeated this triple in
1618:
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1404:
1396:
1381:
1365:
1175:
1059:
1003:
353:
250:
5914:"Tour de France 2022: women's race reborn as eight-stage route unveiled"
4425:. In August 2005, one month after Armstrong's seventh apparent victory,
731:
686:, and a collection of adventurers, including one competing as "Samson".
19:
This article is about the multi-stage cycling race. For other uses, see
13431:
12439:
12403:
10384:"Tour de France organisers reveal women's race will be revived in 2022"
9931:
7131:"Tadej Pogacar wraps up Tour de France victory to seal historic double"
7087:"Mark Cavendish ties Eddy Merckx's record 34 Tour de France stage wins"
5045:(ESP). Indurain achieved the mark with a record five consecutive wins.
4986:
at 50.4 kilometres per hour (31.3 mph). The fastest time-trial is
4820:
4739:
4493:
4485:
4462:
4324:
4288:
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3664:
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1122:
725:
13109:
10240:"Rohan Dennis beats Boardman's Tour de France time trial speed record"
9648:"Spanish fed clears Alberto Contador, Contador plans to start Algarve"
7145:"Tour de France: Cavendish breaks Merckx's record with 35th stage win"
2771:
2336:
2058:
2026:
1732:
won his 35th overall Tour stage win, breaking the tie between him and
1530:
Armstrong refused because Landis was a convicted doper. Landis joined
1287:, who in 1989 had been race director. The former television presenter
565:
395:
event, which means that the teams that compete in the race are mostly
13436:
10771:
9853:
7027:"Tour de France to go ahead at end of August after coronavirus delay"
6867:"Alberto Contador leaves a legacy of cavalier racing and controversy"
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2953:
2927:
it was estimated that at least a half a million people were on hand.
1821:
1449:
1377:
664:
604:
571:
388:
377:
9756:"Lance Armstrong's Tour de France victories will not be reallocated"
9041:
8426:"The helicopter team that films the Tour de France is one of a kind"
8171:
8169:
8070:"Provence Blog by ProvenceBeyond: Tour de France starting in Monaco"
5440:(French for 'stage of the Tour') is an organised mass participation
2658:) and in past years sometimes carried a small red light beneath his
1094:
won. Merckx's winning streak came to an end when he finished 2nd to
12888:
10300:
9297:
9224:
9132:
9090:
9069:
5001:
The longest successful post-war breakaway by a single rider was by
4757:
4590:
4328:
4099:
3917:
School book by Augustine Fouillée under the 'nom de plume' G. Bruno
3702:
3645:
3246:
2898:
1400:
1385:
853:, but there was a rival candidate to run the Tour: a consortium of
741:
403:
9734:"Lance Armstrong stripped of all seven Tour de France wins by UCI"
7311:"Peter Sagan toughs it out to win his sixth green jersey in Paris"
6644:(in French). Memoire du Cyclisme. 23 November 2008. Archived from
6573:"Eddy Merckx reflects on his career and life on his 70th birthday"
3569:
3493:
3179:
in Paris, the race ended outside Paris for the first time, on the
2614:
1791:. He is the rider who has worn the yellow jersey as leader of the
990:
became the first cyclist to win the Tour de France five times, in
587:
in 1899. The rival paper emerged following disagreements over the
12651:
11213:
9544:"Piepoli and Schumacher Tour de France samples positive for CERA"
8186:"La Corse fait-elle peur au Tour de France ? â le Plus"
8166:
5445:
4995:
4959:
has the most mass finish stage wins with 35 as of 2024, ahead of
4888:
4771:
4403:
4292:
4284:
4253:
4237:
4171:
4098:
by TĂłmas Gislason recorded the 2004 Tour from the perspective of
3869:
3753:
The leading television commentator in France was a former rider,
3607:
3265:
3203:
3129:
3097:
3016:
1121:
onto the circuit finish in their final Tour, as was the case for
1118:
765:
1925, Desgrange forbade team members from pacing each other. The
591:. De Dion, Clément and Michelin were particularly concerned with
9820:"Doctor at Centre of Aderlass Scandal Admits to Doping Athletes"
8791:, Vigarello, Georges, Le Tour de France, p3807, cited Boeuf, p67
4531:
tested positive for EPO after the first stage. On 17 July 2008,
2375:
2118:
Points awarded are doubled for HC climbs over 2000m of altitude.
1992:
1956:
1920:
The point distribution for the mountains in the 2019 event was:
10705:. Service Communication-presse de la Société du Tour de France.
10535:"The women's peloton reacts to the Tour de France Femmes route"
8568:"No word could describe the Tour de France, so OLN made one up"
8273:
Selling the Yellow Jersey: The Tour de France in the Global Era
6900:"I am a Drug Cheat and a Liar Says Former Rival of Cadel Evans"
6720:
6683:
6448:
4604:, implicating, amongst others, Armstrong. The report contained
4442:
ultimately culminated in the United States Anti Doping Agency (
4295:, "horse ointment" and other drugs. The story was published in
3954:
The Tour has inspired several popular songs in France, notably
3683:
3512:
3455:
3322:
2659:
2148:. Sagan won the points classification a record seven times, in
1808:
inclusive, in response to concerns about rider cheating in the
1441:
800:
9792:"Operation Aderlass Investigators Discover New Doping Product"
9674:"CAS sanctions Contador with two-year ban in clenbutorol case"
9622:"Spanish federation proposes one-year suspension for Contador"
8988:
8846:
8772:
8770:
8455:
8100:
3124:
Prior to 2013, the Tour de France had visited every region of
3019:
apéritif company and a toothpaste maker, and an accordionist,
1578:
Overshadowing the entire sport at this time, however, was the
909:'Points' competition. National teams contested the Tour until
485:
399:, with the exception of the teams that the organizers invite.
9338:
6976:"Final justice handed down in Lance Armstrong doping scandal"
6052:
6050:
5514:
4756:
1964: Nine people died when a supply van hit a bridge in the
4443:
3865:
3588:
3360:
2914:
has become one of the more noted mountain stages. During the
2432:
2279:
2088:
1909:
The classification awarded no jersey to the leader until the
1795:
for the most days without having ever been the overall winner
1583:
1432:
survived to win his lone Tour in a decimated main field. The
1395:
the race was won for the first time by a rider from Denmark,
7573:
6062:
6035:
4358:
Further measures were introduced by race organisers and the
3913:
1109:, the polka-dot jersey was introduced for the winner of the
8834:
8822:
8767:
8405:
8369:
8357:
8212:
7741:"Why is a lion given to the winners in the Tour de France?"
7420:"Krys eyes Tour de France's white jersey â SportsPro Media"
6782:"Tour no longer lists Riis as champ after doping admission"
4838:
completed a GC start-to-finish sweep in 1924. And in 1928,
4723:
crashed at 88 km/h (55 mph) while descending the
4571:
4147:
is an 18-minute short of 1962. The 1965 Tour was filmed by
3838:
3834:
3830:
3826:
3184:
3073:
2675:
2493:
This classification was added to the Tour de France in the
407:
9902:
9900:
9836:(in Spanish). El Mundo Deportivo. 28 July 1934. p. 2.
8725:"ViewerTrack, The most watched TV sporting events of 2009"
8327:"Tour de France to start from Bilbao in 2023 â organisers"
8088:
7727:"2024 Tour de France final podium with the Glass Trophies"
7661:"Le Vase de SÚvres, ce trophée remis au vainqueur du Tour"
7585:
7551:
7549:
7443:
7441:
7269:
7267:
7265:
7263:
7261:
6460:
6303:
6139:
6115:
6047:
5932:
5808:"Moment 17: 1975 â TDF's First Champs Elysees Finish"
5462:
Following a campaign by the professional women's peloton,
4738:
1957: 14 July: Motorcycle rider Rene Wagner and passenger
4045:, in which five riders are murdered. A burlesque in 1967,
3921:
The image had been started by the 1877 travel/school book
3777:, combined to offer more coverage than its private rival,
1705:, the first official Tour de France for women since 1989.
1042:
of loop. The Tour returned to national teams for 1967 and
11192:
9834:"Ultimas Informaciones â La XXVIII Vuelta a Francia"
9163:
7701:"Have a first look at The Glass Trophy of Tour de France"
6531:
6529:
6426:
6424:
6322:
6320:
6318:
6245:
6243:
6011:
5452:, it takes place each July, normally on a Tour rest day.
4774:
after running in front of a car in the publicity caravan.
4760:
region, resulting in the highest tour-related death toll.
4712:
died of heart failure during the ascent of Mont Ventoux.
4264:
and governments enacted policies to combat the practice.
3876:(rebranding Versus as the NBC Sports Network afterward),
3861:
3778:
3774:
3044:
2726:
The winner of general classification is the recipient of
1549:
was won by the first British rider to ever win the Tour,
671:
hadn't featured the race on its front page that morning.
153:
10297:"Armstrong in yellow after Discovery powers through TTT"
9936:(in French). ina.fr. 25 June 1961. Event occurs at 3:45
9873:
9806:"Kohl Accuses Gerolsteiner Doctor of Doping Involvement"
9380:"Landis loses appeal, must forfeit Tour de France title"
8393:
8381:
6192:
6182:
6180:
6178:
6074:
5517:
since 2013. After the success in Japan, Tour de France
4808:
in 1969, which was also the first year he participated.
2935:, the most visited mountain in the history of the Tour.
1046:
as "an experiment". The Tour returned to trade teams in
1029:
Doping had become a serious problem, culminating in the
9897:
9596:"Contador tests positive for low levels of clenbuterol"
9478:"Rasmussen, Tour de France Leader, is Expelled by Team"
9432:"Riis, Tour de France Champ, Says He Took Banned Drugs"
8470:
8345:
7853:
7841:
7561:
7546:
7508:
7465:
7453:
7438:
7258:
7202:. British Sky Broadcasting. 1 July 2013. Archived from
7002:"French Senate lays bare doping in 1998 Tour de France"
6514:
6409:
6023:
5977:
5975:
5973:
5971:
3002:
Vehicles from the 2014 Tour de France Publicity Caravan
1917:
won the mountains classification a record seven times.
443:
for riders under the age of 26 (white jersey), and the
9322:. CNN Sports Illustrated. 22 July 2000. Archived from
7240:"Tour de France demystified â Evaluating success"
6732:
6622:
6553:
6526:
6502:
6421:
6315:
6279:
6267:
6255:
6240:
6228:
4770:
2002: A seven-year-old boy, Melvin Pompele, died near
4585:
During the 2012 Tour, the 3rd placed rider from 2011,
3167:
stadium in western Paris and from 1968 to 1974 at the
2763:
The modern tour typically has 21 stages, one per day.
1890:. Prizes for the classification were first awarded in
1399:, who ended Miguel IndurĂĄin's reign with an attack on
9248:"Lance Armstrong Stripped of 7 Tour de France Titles"
9201:
8118:
Le Petit Bleu de Lot-et-Garonne, France, 20 July 2005
6356:
6354:
6352:
6350:
6348:
6204:
6175:
5944:
5856:
5670:
5668:
5666:
5664:
5662:
4910:
The most podium places by a single rider is eight by
4351:. Riders went on strike. After mediation by director
3864:
broadcast network. The rights were first acquired by
3715:
The Tour was first followed only by journalists from
3163:
in Paris; from 1903 to 1967 the race finished at the
1772:
List of Tour de France general classification winners
1605:
dominated the event for several years, with wins for
1262:, but Ămilien Amaury would soon retire and leave son
480:
List of Tour de France general classification winners
7956:"Tour de France Letters Special â 23 July 2004"
7874:"Tour de France; Roche Victory Caps Strong Comeback"
6541:
6436:
6163:
6151:
6127:
5987:
5968:
5956:
5502:, completing a Giro â Tour double in the same year.
4658:
List of professional cyclists who died during a race
1553:, while finishing on the podium just behind him was
11166:
Le Tour: A History of the Tour de France, 1903â2003
9933:
Tour de France : 1Ăšre Ă©tape Rouen â Versailles
8232:"2024 Grand DĂ©part: First time's a charm for Italy"
8030:"Tour de France 2011 â The Galibier 1911â2011"
7363:"Tour de France announces new green jersey sponsor"
6291:
5589:
weakened a rival team, which now had fewer helpers.
4072:In 2005, three films chronicled a team. The German
2556:
917:, became financially involved in the Tour. He made
10947:
10818:
10344:
10342:
10340:
9721:U.S. Postal Service Pro Cycling Team Investigation
9700:"Frank Schleck fails drugs test at Tour de France"
9294:alleges Armstrong samples show EPO use in 99 Tour"
8659:
8205:
8203:
8159:
8157:
8147:
8145:
8143:
8141:
6949:"Evans first Australian to capture Tour de France"
6345:
6094:
5676:
5659:
4682:Cyclists who have died during the Tour de France:
3848:In the United States, the Tour de France has been
1283:, then in 1989 by Jean-Pierre Carenso and then by
628:
451:specialist or a rider taking part in a breakaway.
11051:The Yellow Jersey Companion to the Tour de France
6794:
6395:"Cycling Revealed â Tour de France Timeline"
6216:
4927:Three riders have won 8 stages in a single year:
2682:Prize money has always been awarded. From 20,000
1076:held the record for the most stage victories (34)
33:"Letour" redirects here. Not to be confused with
13459:
10950:Le Tour: The Rise and Rise of the Tour de France
10674:It's Not About the Bike: My Journey Back to Life
10663:
9344:
9086:"5 juicy moments from Tour de France: Unchained"
8699:"SBJ: Exit Versus, enter the NBC Sports Network"
7483:
7070:
6935:"Lemond: Doping Era Denied Evans His Best Years"
6472:
4593:and was immediately disqualified from the Tour.
4362:, including more frequent testing and tests for
4018:magazine's "Sports in Media" issue. In 2014 the
3108:on the city's 750th anniversary in 1987, and in
3052:, the Ă©lite of the gendarmerie, ride with them.
2648:The rider who has taken most time is called the
2458:Young rider classification in the Tour de France
1902:) which was awarded by the organising newspaper
674:Among the competitors were the eventual winner,
10847:Het zweet der goden: legende van de wielersport
10337:
8668:"NBC Steps Up Branding For Comcast Sports Nets"
8200:
8154:
8138:
7602:
7600:
6915:
6913:
6788:
5733:. Union Cycliste Internationale. Archived from
3147:
2851:. As the peloton arrives in downtown Paris the
10924:French Revolutions: Cycling the Tour de France
10734:
9139:. Ludica, annali di storia e civiltĂ del gioco
9106:"Fixed for the fans â the post-TdF criteriums"
8913:"Tour de Lead Graffiti: 23 posters in 23 days"
8106:
7904:. London: Transworld Publishers. p. 202.
7634:"The Coupe â making the Tour de France trophy"
7128:
7089:. NBC Sports by Associated Press. 9 July 2021.
6703:"The Rise of the Amaurys (Part 2 in a series)"
6068:
6041:
5840:(2.6.011 ed.). p. 43. Archived from
4382:(WADA), created in 1999. In 2002, the wife of
4056:Eddy Merckx in the Vicinity of a Cup of Coffee
2939:is the most visited mountain in the Alps. The
1859:Mountains classification in the Tour de France
1058:In the early 1970s, the race was dominated by
13483:Recurring sporting events established in 1903
13125:
12667:
12455:
11229:
10892:. Indianapolis, Indiana: Dog Ear Publishing.
10871:. Indianapolis, Indiana: Dog Ear Publishing.
9726:
9598:. VeloNews. 30 September 2010. Archived from
9130:
8617:"With Armstrong Out, N.H.L. May Be in at OLN"
8582:
4731:Another seven fatal accidents have occurred:
4570:on 21 July rest day. On 26 January 2011, the
4414:after his home was raided. In the same year,
2738:and was used since 1975, the first time Tour
2609:
2451:
1407:, the first German rider to win the Tour (in
10906:
10885:
10864:
10709:
9666:
9650:. VeloNews. 15 February 2011. Archived from
9221:"Ex-Kelme rider promises doping revelations"
9169:
8852:
8840:
8828:
8776:
8608:
8591:"OLN Sizing Up Impact of the Post-Lance Era"
8559:
8297:"Foreign grand tour starts are big business"
8275:. University of Chicago Press. p. 162.
7597:
6973:
6910:
6864:
6726:
6689:
6598:
6596:
6594:
6454:
6309:
6198:
6145:
6121:
5938:
4551: â who won both time trials â and
4537:continuous erythropoiesis receptor activator
3043:groups of five. Their position is logged by
1766:General classification in the Tour de France
462:) was held between 2014 and 2021. The first
10763:
10642:
9970:Mondenard, Jean-pierre de (8 August 2013).
9624:. VeloNews. 27 January 2011. Archived from
8417:
8411:
8375:
8363:
8218:
8094:
7685:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
6466:
6415:
6378:
6080:
6056:
6017:
5782:"Tour de France 2011 â Stage by stage"
5678:"The Tour de France: a guide to the basics"
4008:studio, experimented with handset wood and
3072:. Passage was secured through a meeting at
2129:Points classification in the Tour de France
1852:
1561:, Merckx, Hinault, Indurain and Armstrong.
13132:
13118:
12674:
12660:
12462:
12448:
11236:
11222:
11197:
11163:
10889:The Story of the Tour De France: 1965â2007
10359:"L'Ătape du Tour de France â Presentation"
9840:
9404:
9296:. VeloNews. 23 August 2005. Archived from
8858:
8749:"Tour de France Facts, Figures and Trivia"
8209:L'Ăquipe Magazine, France, 23 October 2004
8178:
8072:. Provenceblog.typepad.com. Archived from
7608:"RĂšglement de l'Ă©preuve et Liste des prix"
7233:
7231:
7229:
7227:
7225:
7223:
7221:
7190:
7188:
6667:
6665:
6663:
4975:, who was 19 when he won one stage in the
4628:, and others describing widespread use of
4589:, tested positive for the banned diuretic
3094:Tour de France during the Second World War
2887:In 1989, the last stage was a time trial.
1344:The early 1990s was dominated by Spaniard
161:
62:
10945:
10868:The Story of the Tour de France, Volume 1
10613:"Tour de France Singapore criterium 2023"
10164:. Letour.fr. 10 July 2012. Archived from
9969:
9500:"Doping agency: Beltran positive for EPO"
9360:. U.S. Anti-Doping Agency. 24 August 2012
9223:. VeloNews. 20 March 2004. Archived from
8440:
8032:. Letour.fr. 10 July 1911. Archived from
8010:(in French). MĂ©diatrice. 14 November 2019
7897:
7237:
7186:
7184:
7182:
7180:
7178:
7176:
7174:
7172:
7170:
7168:
7073:"Tadej PogaÄar: Shark in Sheeps Clothing"
6744:
6695:
6591:
6520:
6029:
5950:
4785:
4716:were found in Simpson's jersey and blood.
4578:, Contador finished fifth overall in the
4501:tested positive for a blood transfusion (
3845:, ITV4 have the nightly highlights show.
3817:to the Tour de France in 2002, replacing
2919:head-to-head battle between Anquetil and
2618:Combination classification jersey won by
1874:wearing the polka dot jersey. He won the
1759:
1491:came onto the scene; however, during the
12469:
11146:The Tour de France ... to the Bitter End
11072:
11047:
11018:
10972:
10695:
10483:"Polarized opinions remain on La Course"
9906:
9879:
9778:"Mechanical Doping Cycling Probe Closes"
8954:""Wired" is winning tour of race, brain"
8902:, Sports Illustrated, December 16, 2013.
8800:
8665:
8614:
8588:
8476:
8399:
8387:
8351:
7859:
7847:
7591:
7579:
7567:
7555:
7514:
7471:
7459:
7447:
7356:
7354:
7273:
6974:Schrotenboer, Brent (17 December 2019).
6921:"Carlos Sastre Wins Doping Scarred Tour"
6738:
6628:
6602:
6559:
6535:
6508:
6430:
6326:
6285:
6273:
6261:
6249:
6234:
6210:
6186:
5981:
5862:
5283:
5061:
4920:finished on the podium eight times, and
4661:
4236:
4082:, recorded 2003 from the perspective of
3912:
3887:
3860:, with selected stages simulcast on the
3197:
3029:
2997:
2902:Panorama of the famous 21 bends towards
2897:
2827:
2794:
2770:
2669:
2613:
2560:
2461:
2132:
2122:
1862:
1779:
1743:
1631:
1563:
1468:
1305:
1131:
964:
829:
730:
638:
13139:
11142:
11102:
10742:La fabuleuse histoire du Tour de France
10710:Boeuf, Jean-Luc; LĂ©onard, Yves (2003).
10702:Le Tour de France: panorama d'un siĂšcle
10643:Allchin, Richard; Bell, Adrian (2003).
10587:"Tour de France Saitama criterium 2023"
10461:"La Course to showcase women's cycling"
10299:. VeloNews. 5 July 2005. Archived from
9973:Les grandes premiĂšres du tour de France
9175:
8789:L'image d'une France unifiée par le sol
8696:
7976:
7931:
7218:
7047:
6865:Fotheringham, William (7 August 2017).
6660:
6097:Tour de France: The Illustrated History
6092:
4855:The most appearances record is held by
4187:
3983:The Tour and its first Italian winner,
2839:won the final stage of the Tour on the
1487:Over the next few years, a new star in
869:had La Course du Tour de France, while
13460:
11121:
11022:The Tour de France: A Cultural History
10788:
10559:
10408:
9861:from the original on 24 September 2017
9723:, USADA, 2012 October, retr 2012 10 14
9083:
9009:
8951:
8516:"The Joy of Six: sporting theme tunes"
8513:
8423:
7360:
7165:
7071:Patrick Fletcher (20 September 2020).
6360:
6338:"Tour de France, 100 ans, 1903â2003",
5993:
5962:
5674:
4674:, who died near the summit during the
4566:had tested positive for low levels of
4158:In fiction, the 2003 animated feature
4130:which raised $ 160,000 to benefit the
4035:In films, the Tour was background for
2993:
2981:an office facingâbut not connected toâ
2847:Since 1975 the race has finished with
2843:, for a record fourth successive year.
1906:to a cyclist who completed each race.
435:for the sprinters (green jersey), the
13350:World University Cycling Championship
13113:
12655:
12443:
12424:Grande Boucle FĂ©minine Internationale
11217:
10997:
10917:
10843:
10507:
10193:. ESPN. Associated Press. 1 July 2012
9954:
9794:. cyclingnews.com. 25 September 2020.
9245:
9207:
8866:Kraftwerk, Tour De France Soundtracks
8565:
8539:
7351:
7098:
7096:
6784:. Associated Press/ESPN. 7 June 2007.
6547:
6442:
6297:
6222:
6169:
6157:
6133:
5908:
5906:
5873:
5871:
5373:
5258:
4792:Tour de France records and statistics
4028:from the U.K. with an exhibition of
3924:Le Tour de la France par deux enfants
3154:List of Tour de France Grands DĂ©parts
2964:
1678:. On stage 13 of this Tour, sprinter
439:for the climbers (polka dot jersey),
347:
13319:Central American and Caribbean Games
10886:McGann, Bill; McGann, Carol (2008).
10865:McGann, Bill; McGann, Carol (2006).
10816:
10764:Dauncey, Hugh; Hare, Geoff (2013) .
10348:Tour 09, Procycling (UK) summer 2009
10258:
10237:
9846:
9822:. Alex Ballinger. 30 September 2020.
9680:. Future Publishing. 6 February 2012
9279:L'Ăquipe, France, 23 August 2005, p1
9062:
8751:. Gofrance.about.com. Archived from
8270:
6937:. Cycling Central SBS. 7 April 2015.
5689:from the original on 10 January 2022
4457:before it began. Favourites such as
3980:in 2003, the centenary of the Tour.
3829:, having aired in previous years on
3202:Start of the 2015 Tour de France in
2766:
885:was given the right to organise the
773:Tours, however, consisted mainly of
375:to increase sales for the newspaper
352:) is an annual men's multiple-stage
13385:National road cycling championships
13304:Games of the Small States of Europe
12200:1987: Jean-François Naquet-Radiguet
10527:
10475:
10453:
10264:
9996:
9522:"Tour 'winning war against doping'"
9407:"Zabel and Aldag confess EPO usage"
9185:. ABCC. 1 June 1965. Archived from
8952:Morris, Wesley (30 December 2005).
8701:. The Sporting News. Archived from
7871:
7492:. Farrelly Atkinson. Archived from
6999:
6101:. Toronto, Buffalo: Firefly Books.
5711:. Bikeraceinfo.com. 19 January 1903
4600:released a report on doping by the
4192:After the Tour de France there are
4069:(2001), featured the Tour of 1974.
3946:began publishing maps of the race.
3034:The caravan on Tour de France 2024.
2631:intermediate sprints classification
861:. Each organised a candidate race.
694:, finished 64h 47m 22s behind him.
87:France and other European countries
13:
12681:
11243:
11095:
10617:Tour de France Singapore criterium
10560:Benson, Daniel (14 October 2021).
10436:"Women's Tour manifesto published"
10409:Pretot, Julien (14 October 2021).
10025:"Tour de France 2009 â Stats"
9453:Astana Pulls Out of Tour de France
9158:Tour de France, 100 ans, 1903â2003
8615:Sandomir, Richard (28 July 2005).
8490:"CHANNEL 4 AND THE TOUR DE FRANCE"
8303:. 15 December 2012. Archived from
7287:"Tour de France 2019 â Rules"
7196:"Tour de France jerseys explained"
7093:
6480:"Jacques Anquetil Olympic Results"
6373:Tour de France, 100 ans, 1903â2003
5903:
5868:
4992:stage 1 of the 2015 Tour de France
1739:
1018:. Anquetil enjoyed a rivalry with
14:
13534:
13518:Challenge Desgrange-Colombo races
11184:
11019:Thompson, Christopher S. (2008).
10273:. Immediate Media. Archived from
10213:"Cipollini Sprints to Record Win"
10003:(in French). Editions Publibook.
9550:. Immediate Media. 7 October 2008
9405:Westemeyer, Susan (24 May 2007).
9246:Macur, Juliet (22 October 2012).
9108:. cyclingnews.com. Archived from
9014:. RoadCycling.com. Archived from
8589:Sandomir, Richard (7 July 2006).
8514:Murray, Scott (28 October 2011).
8188:. Leplus.nouvelobs.com. July 2011
7658:
7299:from the original on 1 July 2019.
7050:"The Tour de France Goes Virtual"
6752:"Miguel IndurĂĄin Olympic Results"
5432:
5029:Four riders have won five times:
5024:
4308:On 13 July 1967, British cyclist
4229:Doping at the 2007 Tour de France
4221:Doping at the 1999 Tour de France
4217:Doping at the 1998 Tour de France
2823:
2643:
2195:been won a record seven times by
1686:for all time stage wins with 34.
1495:edition, a veteran Danish rider,
1332:by a considerable margin, and in
13503:Annual sporting events in France
12600:Stage winners at all three tours
12595:Mountains classification winners
12560:Secondary classification winners
12532:Secondary classification winners
12499:Secondary classification winners
12298:Secondary classification winners
12136:
12117:
12078:
12056:
12034:
12012:
11990:
11968:
10907:de Mondenard, Jean-Paul (2003).
10605:
10591:Tour de France Saitama criterium
10579:
10553:
10508:David, Maria (15 October 2021).
10501:
10428:
10402:
10376:
10351:
10315:
10289:
10231:
10205:
10183:
10151:
10121:
10091:
10061:
10043:
10017:
9990:
9963:
9948:
9924:
9912:
9885:
9826:
9812:
9808:. Gregor Brown. 12 October 2009.
9798:
9784:
9770:
9748:
9714:
9692:
9640:
9614:
9588:
9562:
9536:
9514:
9492:
9470:
9465:Tour hit by second doping result
9458:
9446:
9424:
9398:
9372:
9350:
9312:
9282:
9273:
9239:
9213:
9151:
9124:
9098:
9077:
9056:
9040:. Big Ring Films. Archived from
9030:
9003:
8987:. Big Ring Films. Archived from
8973:
8945:
8919:
8905:
8892:
8878:
8794:
8782:
8741:
8717:
8690:
8634:
8533:
8507:
8482:
8319:
8289:
8264:
8250:
8224:
8175:The Bicycle, UK, 8 July 1943, p6
8163:GAN Spécial Tour de France, 1994
8121:
8112:
8062:
8048:
8022:
7996:
7970:
7948:
7925:
7891:
7865:
7816:
7784:
7758:
7733:
7719:
7693:
7652:
7626:
7520:
7484:Simon MacMichael (1 July 2012).
7477:
7361:Clarke, Stuart (23 March 2015).
7238:Christian, Sarah (2 July 2009).
7000:Sag, Alexandria (24 July 2013).
6384:Libération, France, 4 July 2003.
5620:
5611:
5601:
5592:
5582:
5409:
5396:
5360:
5324:
5288:
5245:
5198:
5154:
5110:
5066:
4602:U.S. Postal Service cycling team
4598:United States Anti-Doping Agency
4184:. It was released in June 2023.
4168:) ties into the Tour de France.
3966:(1950). German electronic group
3696:
3677:
3658:
3639:
3620:
3601:
3582:
3563:
3544:
3525:
3506:
3487:
3468:
3449:
3430:
3411:
3392:
3373:
3354:
3335:
3316:
3297:
3278:
3259:
3240:
3221:
3193:
2734:. The Trophy is realized by the
2732:president of the French Republic
2557:Minor classifications and prizes
2431:
2374:
2335:
2278:
2087:
2057:
2025:
1991:
1955:
1461:edition saw his former teammate
1423:, a doping scandal known as the
1014:stages, which lent him the name
724:Desgrange and his Tour invented
371:The race was first organized in
329:
316:
283:
263:
243:
223:
197:
48:
10713:La RĂ©publique du Tour de France
10635:
9997:Goy, GĂ©rard (29 October 2015).
8540:Lucia, Joe (15 February 2023).
8494:UK Parliament Early Day Motions
7932:Brunner, Steve (23 July 2019).
7412:
7393:. ASO/letour.fr. Archived from
7380:
7329:
7303:
7279:
7151:
7137:
7129:Jeremy Whittle (21 July 2024).
7122:
7079:
7064:
7041:
7019:
6993:
6967:
6941:
6927:
6892:
6858:
6825:
6774:
6634:
6565:
6387:
6366:
6332:
6086:
5999:
5884:. ASO/letour.fr. Archived from
5731:"2008 â 2009 UCI Road Calendar"
5639:
5573:
5564:
5554:
5544:
5535:
5301:
5123:
4513:. His Cofidis team pulled out.
4402:said doping was endemic to his
4376:International Olympic Committee
4197:euros per race in start money.
3710:
2736:Manufacture nationale de SĂšvres
2710:, is made at the summit of the
1212:Road World Cycling Championship
629:The first Tour de France (1903)
256:
21:Tour de France (disambiguation)
13095:TTT at the World Championships
12585:General classification winners
12555:General classification winners
12527:General classification winners
12494:General classification winners
12409:La Course by Le Tour de France
12293:General classification winners
11031:University of California Press
10827:Johns Hopkins University Press
10438:. BBC Sport. 12 September 2013
10265:Zeb, Woodpower (4 July 2015).
10191:"Peter Sagan captures Stage 1"
10159:"Letour Guide Historique 2012"
9976:(in French). Hugo Publishing.
9959:. Paris: Marabout. p. 76.
9063:Hood, Andrew (31 March 2022).
9010:Melvin, Ian (8 October 2004).
8666:Friedman, Wayne (9 May 2011).
8058:. cbssports.com. 26 July 2019.
6375:, L'Ăquipe, France, 2003, p227
5830:
5800:
5774:
5749:
5723:
5701:
5464:La Course by Le Tour de France
5337:
5167:
5079:
4475:Court of Arbitration for Sport
4323:In 1998, the "Tour of Shame",
4241:Spectators' banner during the
3987:, are mentioned at the end of
3171:south of the capital. In the
2790:
2782:The Tour directors categorise
2740:finished on the Champs-ĂlysĂ©es
1693:, second in 2021, won in both
460:La Course by Le Tour de France
276:
236:
210:
1:
13498:1903 establishments in France
12590:Points classification winners
11164:Wheatcroft, Geoffrey (2004).
9780:. Dan Fletcher. 28 June 2020.
9455:Washington Post, 24 July 2007
9160:, L'Ăquipe, France 2003, p149
8424:Tegler, Eric (11 July 2019).
8271:Reed, Eric (7 January 2015).
7977:Maloney, Tim (21 July 2004).
7242:. RoadCycling. Archived from
7048:Lindsey, Joe (29 June 2020).
6923:. Jamey Keaten. 27 July 2008.
5757:"UCI WorldTour calendar 2012"
5675:Gunter, Joel (16 July 2012).
5652:
5490:â an 8-day stage race in the
5211:
4701:plunged down a ravine on the
4305:('The Convicts of the Road')
4262:Union Cycliste Internationale
4022:celebrated the Tour's fourth
1597:
1411:), admitted to blood doping.
1039:Union Cycliste Internationale
721:War I and continued to grow.
296:
13345:UCI Road World Championships
10976:L'ABCdaire du Tour de France
10973:Ollivier, Jean-Paul (2001).
10946:Nicholson, Geoffrey (1991).
9758:. BBC Sport. 26 October 2012
9736:. BBC Sport. 22 October 2012
9345:Armstrong & Jenkins 2001
9084:Dreier, Fred (8 June 2023).
8811:France Since 1871: Lecture 9
7872:Abt, Samuel (27 July 1987).
6806:. p. 95. Archived from
6093:Latzell, Marguerite (2003).
5240:
4455:OperaciĂłn Puerto doping case
4207:Doping at the Tour de France
4160:Les Triplettes de Belleville
3148:Start and finish of the Tour
3134:Party of the Corsican Nation
2342:Medium mountain stage finish
1414:
1270:
1200:World Championship Road Race
1053:
905:saw the introduction of the
825:
703:
414:due to preparations for the
7:
13523:Super Prestige Pernod races
13151:List of road bicycle races
13070:Presidential Tour of Turkey
10649:. London: Mousehold Press.
10238:Wynn, Nigel (4 July 2015).
10135:. letour.fr. Archived from
10105:. letour.fr. Archived from
10075:. letour.fr. Archived from
10027:. Letour.fr. Archived from
8151:Le Tour Guide, France, 2000
7958:. CyclingNews. 23 July 2004
7610:. Letour.fr. Archived from
6673:"Remembering FĂ©lix LĂ©vitan"
5784:. Letour.fr. Archived from
5479:. The race was part of the
4406:team. Fellow Cofidis rider
4233:Lance Armstrong doping case
4066:Le VĂ©lo de Ghislain Lambert
3825:. The coverage is shown on
3064:, territory annexed by the
3055:
2775:A collected peloton in the
1580:Lance Armstrong doping case
1238:by amateur riders from the
837:memorial at the top of the
10:
13539:
12949:Tour of the Basque Country
12631:Young rider classification
9957:Ăa c'est le tour de France
9894:â Sud-Ouest, 10. Juli 2014
9131:Mika Rissanen (May 2014).
8107:Cazeneuve & Chany 2011
7898:Pickering, Edward (2015).
7029:. BBC Sport. 15 April 2020
6795:Augendre, Jacques (2009).
6069:Cazeneuve & Chany 2011
6042:Cazeneuve & Chany 2011
5444:event that allows amateur
4789:
4655:
4572:Spanish Cycling Federation
4210:
4204:
4165:The Triplets of Belleville
4134:, and made a 2005 sequel,
4132:Lance Armstrong Foundation
3977:Tour de France Soundtracks
3883:
3742:in Paris on 25 July 1948.
3151:
3119:
2849:laps of the Champs-ĂlysĂ©es
2638:combination classification
2610:Historical classifications
2455:
2452:Young rider classification
2381:High mountain stage finish
2222:, the points awarded are:
2126:
2093:
2063:
2031:
1997:
1961:
1856:
1769:
1763:
1527:the Danish National Anthem
1348:, who won five Tours from
1206:, which meant winning the
632:
558:
477:
473:
441:young rider classification
381:(which was an ancestor of
32:
26:For the women's race, see
25:
18:
13424:
13393:
13337:
13276:
13170:
13147:
13090:RideLondonâSurrey Classic
13057:
12871:
12864:
12786:
12689:
12608:
12577:
12545:
12517:
12484:
12477:
12389:Amaury Sport Organisation
12376:
12326:
12313:Mountain passes and hills
12285:
12243:
12222:
12171:
12164:
12109:
11961:
11954:
11945:
11917:
11251:
11143:Nelsson, Richard (2012).
10817:Harp, Stephen L. (2001).
10463:. BBC Sport. 15 July 2014
9702:. BBC Sport. 18 July 2012
9570:"Kohl positive confirmed"
9524:. BBC Sport. 17 July 2008
9480:. Bloomberg. 26 July 2007
8570:. Sports Business Journal
7921:– via Google Books.
7388:"Regulations of the race"
7337:"Tour Xtra: Green Jersey"
6837:Christian Science Monitor
6605:"Obituary: FĂ©lix LĂ©vitan"
6008:image number SFA001006411
5879:"Regulations of the race"
5626:A school book written by
4763:2000: A 12-year-old from
4749:collided with him at the
4719:1995: 18 July, Stage 15:
4708:1967: 13 July, Stage 13:
4651:
4200:
4181:Tour de France: Unchained
2758:
2721:
2718:, Desgrange's successor.
2665:
2425:
2422:
2419:
2416:
2413:
2410:
2407:
2404:
2401:
2398:
2395:
2392:
2389:
2386:
2383:
2329:
2326:
2323:
2320:
2317:
2314:
2227:
1925:
1899:
1301:Amaury Sport Organisation
311:
218:
192:
174:
169:
148:
138:
133:Amaury Sport Organisation
128:
120:
110:
102:
91:
83:
75:
70:
61:
47:
13406:Professional Continental
13258:UCI Continental Circuits
13004:ClĂĄsica de San SebastiĂĄn
12621:Mountains classification
12509:Yellow jersey statistics
12368:Souvenir Henri Desgrange
12339:Yellow jersey statistics
12025:maillot Ă pois
11168:. Simon & Schuster.
11149:. London: Random House.
10844:Masso, Benjamin (2003).
9921:. Retrieved 13 July 2012
9510:– via Google News.
9434:. Bloomberg. 25 May 2007
8927:"Blood, sweat and gears"
8853:Boeuf & LĂ©onard 2003
8841:Boeuf & LĂ©onard 2003
8829:Boeuf & LĂ©onard 2003
8777:Boeuf & LĂ©onard 2003
7705:We Love Cycling magazine
7159:"A tribute to Cavendish"
7147:. Le Monde. 3 July 2024.
6727:McGann & McGann 2008
6690:McGann & McGann 2008
6642:"Tour de France féminin"
6455:McGann & McGann 2006
6310:McGann & McGann 2006
6199:McGann & McGann 2006
6146:McGann & McGann 2006
6122:McGann & McGann 2006
6111:– via Archive.org.
5939:Boeuf & LĂ©onard 2003
5528:
4796:Yellow jersey statistics
4562:, it was announced that
4453:had been plagued by the
4380:World Anti-Doping Agency
4335:team, was arrested with
4225:Floyd Landis doping case
3116:in 1987 were abandoned.
3112:in 2017. Plans to enter
2700:Souvenir Henri Desgrange
1876:mountains classification
1853:Mountains classification
1776:Yellow jersey statistics
1748:The four jerseys of the
1368:. IndurĂĄin was a strong
1226:of Ireland (points) and
1198:won. When Roche won the
1111:Mountains Classification
1068:Mountains Classification
437:mountains classification
16:Multi-stage cycling race
13513:Summer events in France
12924:Classic BruggeâDe Panne
12641:Triple Crown of Cycling
12363:Souvenir Jacques Goddet
11205:Tour de France palmares
11048:Woodland, Les (2007) .
10998:Seray, Jacques (2000).
10850:(4th ed.). Atlas.
10825:. Baltimore, Maryland:
10800:Ăditions Robert Laffont
9467:BBC Sport, 25 July 2007
8412:Dauncey & Hare 2013
8376:Dauncey & Hare 2013
8364:Dauncey & Hare 2013
8219:Dauncey & Hare 2013
8095:Dauncey & Hare 2013
7792:"Race Regulations 2015"
7161:. Le Tour. 3 July 2024.
6603:Fotheringham, William.
6467:Dauncey & Hare 2013
6416:Dauncey & Hare 2013
6081:Allchin & Bell 2003
6057:Dauncey & Hare 2013
6018:Dauncey & Hare 2013
5498:was won by Dutch rider
4883:rode in his 14th Tour.
4875:Between 1920 and 1985,
4303:Les Forçats de la Route
4059:. Patrick Le Gall made
3964:Faire le Tour de France
3949:
3809:In the United Kingdom,
2708:Souvenir Jacques Goddet
1170:, Hinault, who had won
980:(right), podium of the
929:, the amateur version.
682:, the German favourite
678:, his well-built rival
180:; 121 years ago
124:Stage race (Grand Tour)
13263:UCI Women's World Tour
12616:General classification
12565:Records and statistics
12537:Records and statistics
12504:Records and statistics
12318:Highest points reached
12308:Records and statistics
12258:VĂ©lodrome de Vincennes
11103:Delanzy, Eric (2006).
11073:Woodland, Les (2000).
10956:Hodder & Stoughton
10051:"Tour de France Index"
9955:Duino, Michel (1955).
9038:"Tour Baby Deux Movie"
8452:HĂ©licoptĂšres de France
7901:The Yellow Jersey Club
7665:Le blog de l'Ardoisier
5492:UCI Women's World Tour
5481:UCI Women's World Tour
4786:Records and statistics
4679:
4608:from riders including
4245:
4053:'s experimental short
3918:
3900:
3206:
3035:
3025:Citroën Traction Avant
3003:
2907:
2844:
2813:
2779:
2679:
2636:From 1968 there was a
2626:
2582:prix de la combativité
2576:
2570:prix de la combativité
2478:
2438:Individual time trial
2176:
1879:
1796:
1793:general classification
1760:General classification
1752:
1651:
1575:
1484:
1374:individual time trials
1317:
1244:Tour de France FĂ©minin
1214:in one calendar year.
1204:cycling's Triple Crown
1143:
1064:General Classification
984:
841:
803:team contrived to get
736:
651:
456:similar race for women
429:general classification
13473:Cycle races in France
13442:Individual time trial
13268:UCI Women's ProSeries
12989:Critérium du Dauphiné
12939:Dwars door Vlaanderen
12894:Omloop Het Nieuwsblad
12884:Great Ocean Road Race
12626:Points classification
12429:Tour de France Femmes
12277:Promenade des Anglais
11122:Dobkin, Adin (2021).
11079:. Cycling Resources.
8931:Sydney Morning Herald
8900:Tour de Lead Graffiti
7797:. ASO. Archived from
7768:. ASO. Archived from
6904:Sydney Morning Herald
6397:. Cyclingrevealed.com
5709:"1903 Tour de France"
5488:Tour de France Femmes
4802:King of the Mountains
4725:Col de Portet d'Aspet
4665:
4596:In October 2012, the
4516:The same day, leader
4481:was named as winner.
4390:, was arrested after
4240:
4153:Pour un Maillot Jaune
4030:Tour de Lead Graffiti
3916:
3891:
3201:
3033:
3001:
2901:
2831:
2807:individual time trial
2798:
2774:
2714:, at the memorial to
2678:in the Tour de France
2673:
2617:
2564:
2465:
2183:and was first won by
2136:
2123:Points classification
1886:and was first won by
1878:a record seven times.
1866:
1783:
1747:
1703:Tour de France Femmes
1635:
1567:
1472:
1376:: mountain stages to
1309:
1135:
1072:Points Classification
1012:individual time trial
968:
833:
734:
680:Hippolyte Aucouturier
642:
464:Tour de France Femmes
433:points classification
345:French pronunciation:
28:Tour de France Femmes
13508:July sporting events
13493:UCI World Tour races
13478:Grand Tour (cycling)
12969:LiĂšgeâBastogneâLiĂšge
12929:E3 Saxo Bank Classic
12471:Grand Tour (cycling)
12143:Intermediate sprints
12069:classement d'Ă©quipes
11027:Berkeley, California
10735:Cazeneuve, Thierry;
10057:. McGann Publishing.
8875:, BBC, 4 August 2003
8871:23 June 2006 at the
8755:on 14 September 2008
8705:on 28 September 2012
7528:"The Tour de France"
6484:sports-reference.com
6342:, France, 2003, p182
5500:Annemiek van Vleuten
5473:Col de la ColombiĂšre
4697:1935: Spanish racer
4638:Biological Passports
4535:tested positive for
4509:tested positive for
4499:Alexander Vinokourov
4275:told the journalist
4188:Post-Tour criteriums
4117:subject in 1996 for
4063:(1996). The comedy,
3866:Outdoor Life Network
3177:2024 Summer Olympics
2878:Alexander Vinokourov
2674:Prize money in 2013
2592:L'Education Physique
2445:Intermediate sprint
1817:first Tour de France
1258:, the then owner of
1174:with American rider
1031:death of Tom Simpson
1022:, who was known as "
726:bicycle stage racing
577:Jules-Albert de Dion
416:2024 Summer Olympics
360:, which include the
349:[tuÊdÉfÊÉÌs]
13277:International Games
13141:Road bicycle racing
13024:EuroEyes Cyclassics
12636:Team classification
12334:During World War II
12214:Christian Prudhomme
12091:prix de combativité
11004:. Ann Arbor Press.
11001:1904 Tour de France
10069:"Charles PĂ©lissier"
9919:Memoire du cyclisme
9847:Lowe, Alex (2017).
9018:on 11 February 2015
8888:. 16 November 2009.
8737:on 17 October 2011.
8076:on 12 February 2009
7614:on 13 February 2010
6729:, pp. 178â184.
6692:, pp. 171â178.
6679:. 21 February 2007.
6490:on 14 December 2012
6457:, pp. 253â259.
5818:on 5 September 2011
5788:on 23 December 2011
5737:on 17 February 2009
5519:Singapore criterium
5007:1947 Tour de France
4977:1931 Tour de France
4870:1980 Tour de France
4800:One rider has been
4686:1910: French racer
4676:1967 Tour de France
4580:2011 Tour de France
4560:2010 Tour de France
4440:Further allegations
4388:2002 Tour de France
4243:2006 Tour de France
4176:2022 Tour de France
4094:). The Danish film
4000:From 2011 to 2015,
3960:Les Tours de France
3897:Col de la Couillole
3766:François Mitterrand
3744:Rik Van Steenbergen
3142:2013 Tour de France
3126:Metropolitan France
3070:Franco-Prussian War
2994:Advertising caravan
2987:Issy-les-Moulineaux
2975:Christian Prudhomme
2958:2019 Tour de France
2946:1996 Tour de France
2941:2011 Tour de France
2916:2004 Tour de France
2866:1979 Tour de France
2811:2012 Tour de France
2777:2006 Tour de France
2693:team classification
2624:1985 Tour de France
2603:team classification
2574:2017 Tour de France
2475:2023 Tour de France
2181:1953 Tour de France
2146:2018 Tour de France
1911:1975 Tour de France
1872:2003 Tour de France
1789:2010 Tour de France
1750:2020 Tour de France
1682:tied the record of
1649:2022 Tour de France
1573:2016 Tour de France
1547:2012 Tour de France
1482:2009 Tour de France
1434:1999 Tour de France
1421:1998 Tour de France
1330:1988 Tour de France
1315:1993 Tour de France
1289:Christian Prudhomme
1277:Jean-Pierre Courcol
1210:, the Tour and the
1141:1978 Tour de France
1078:until overtaken by
1008:Federico Bahamontes
982:1964 Tour de France
978:Federico Bahamontes
887:1947 Tour de France
735:1936 Tour de France
710:1904 Tour de France
635:1903 Tour de France
445:team classification
143:Christian Prudhomme
55:2024 Tour de France
44:
13314:Pan American Games
13294:Commonwealth Games
13080:Tour of California
12979:EschbornâFrankfurt
12964:La FlĂšche Wallonne
12208:Jean-Marie Leblanc
12130:maillot du combiné
12047:maillot blanc
11981:maillot jaune
10303:on 9 December 2009
10139:on 27 October 2012
10079:on 20 October 2012
10031:on 19 October 2012
9502:. Associated Press
9252:The New York Times
9112:on 1 February 2014
8886:"A splendid thing"
8621:The New York Times
8595:The New York Times
8238:. 21 December 2022
7878:The New York Times
7582:, p. 300â304.
7534:. 26 November 2004
7496:on 5 November 2012
7246:on 9 February 2013
6906:. 1 February 2013.
6813:on 19 October 2012
6797:"Guide Historique"
5812:Bicycling Magazine
5628:Augustine Fouillée
4836:Ottavio Bottecchia
4810:The following year
4694:during a rest day.
4680:
4642:Operation Aderlass
4558:After winning the
4353:Jean-Marie Leblanc
4246:
4110:Française des Jeux
4015:Sports Illustrated
3994:The Sun Also Rises
3985:Ottavio Bottecchia
3956:P'tit gars du Tour
3919:
3901:
3207:
3068:in 1871 after the
3050:Garde RĂ©publicaine
3036:
3004:
2965:Deciding the route
2908:
2845:
2814:
2780:
2680:
2629:There has been an
2627:
2596:Le Prix du Courage
2586:was offered, when
2577:
2479:
2177:
1880:
1815:The leader in the
1797:
1753:
1652:
1647:(left) during the
1576:
1485:
1448:stole the show on
1318:
1285:Jean-Marie Leblanc
1279:, the director of
1232:Continental Europe
1144:
1024:The Eternal Second
985:
915:le Parisien Libéré
867:Le Parisien Libéré
842:
762:touriste-routiersâ
737:
652:
418:) a finish on the
175:First edition
139:Race director
92:Local name(s)
42:
13488:UCI ProTour races
13455:
13454:
13394:UCI cycling teams
13248:UCI World Ranking
13238:Flanders Classics
13231:Ardennes classics
13107:
13106:
13103:
13102:
12919:Volta a Catalunya
12909:TirrenoâAdriatico
12649:
12648:
12573:
12572:
12437:
12436:
12327:Additional topics
12239:
12238:
12203:1988: Xavier Louy
12160:
12159:
12152:
12133:
12105:
12104:
12100:
12099:
12094:
12072:
12050:
12028:
12006:
12003:maillot vert
11984:
11156:978-0-85265-336-4
11135:978-1-542018-82-1
11086:978-1-892495-26-6
11065:978-0-224-08016-3
11040:978-0-520-93486-3
11011:978-0-9649835-2-6
10990:978-2-08-012727-3
10981:Groupe Flammarion
10965:978-0-340-54268-2
10938:978-1-4464-1497-2
10899:978-1-59858-608-4
10878:978-1-59858-180-5
10857:978-90-450-1126-4
10836:978-0-8018-6651-7
10809:978-2-221-07290-5
10781:978-1-135-76239-1
10756:978-2-7324-4792-6
10727:978-2-02-058073-1
10718:Ăditions du Seuil
10697:Augendre, Jacques
10688:978-0-224-06087-5
10677:. New York City:
10656:978-1-874739-28-9
10541:. 14 October 2021
10217:Los Angeles Times
10129:"Freddy Maertens"
10109:on 17 August 2012
10010:978-2-342-04401-0
10000:Tours 1914 Ă 1925
9983:978-2-7556-1396-4
9576:. Immediate Media
9384:Houston Chronicle
9326:on 24 August 2000
9170:de Mondenard 2003
8898:Alexander Wolff,
8816:Open Yale Courses
8802:Merriman, John M.
8566:Bernstien, Andy.
8282:978-0-226-20653-0
8133:978-2-07-053101-1
7911:9-780-5930-7396-4
7772:on 18 August 2015
6006:Spaarnestad Photo
5920:. 14 October 2021
5838:"UCI Regulations"
5521:has been held in
5509:has been held in
5507:Saitama criterium
5430:
5429:
4929:Charles PĂ©lissier
4549:Stefan Schumacher
4527:On 11 July 2008,
4518:Michael Rasmussen
4396:anabolic steroids
4298:Le Petit Parisien
3175:, because of the
3085:Spanish Civil War
2767:Mass-start stages
2730:presented by the
2728:Coupe Omnisports,
2588:Sports Populaires
2449:
2448:
2285:Flat stage finish
2115:
2114:
1896:meilleur grimpeur
1827:EugĂšne Christophe
1785:Fabian Cancellara
1668:UAE Team Emirates
1613:(four times) and
1515:Directeur Sportif
1497:Michael Rasmussen
1016:"Monsieur Chrono"
692:ArsĂšne Millocheau
410:, and (except in
337:
336:
193:First winner
13530:
13324:Friendship Games
13289:Paralympic Games
13240:
13233:
13226:
13224:Cobbled classics
13219:
13205:
13198:
13191:
13134:
13127:
13120:
13111:
13110:
13029:Bretagne Classic
12974:Tour de Romandie
12959:Amstel Gold Race
12944:Tour of Flanders
12869:
12868:
12706:Merged with the
12676:
12669:
12662:
12653:
12652:
12482:
12481:
12464:
12457:
12450:
12441:
12440:
12377:Related articles
12252:Parc des Princes
12244:Finish locations
12169:
12168:
12146:
12140:
12127:
12121:
12088:
12082:
12066:
12060:
12044:
12041:Young rider
12038:
12022:
12016:
12000:
11994:
11978:
11972:
11964:
11963:
11959:
11958:
11952:
11951:
11512:
11503:
11494:
11485:
11476:
11467:
11458:
11345:
11338:
11331:
11324:
11238:
11231:
11224:
11215:
11214:
11209:Cycling Archives
11201:
11196:
11195:
11193:Official website
11179:
11160:
11139:
11118:
11107:. Rodale Books.
11090:
11069:
11044:
11025:(2nd ed.).
11015:
10994:
10969:
10953:
10942:
10914:
10903:
10882:
10861:
10840:
10824:
10813:
10785:
10760:
10731:
10706:
10692:
10665:Armstrong, Lance
10660:
10629:
10628:
10626:
10624:
10609:
10603:
10602:
10600:
10598:
10583:
10577:
10576:
10574:
10572:
10557:
10551:
10550:
10548:
10546:
10531:
10525:
10524:
10522:
10520:
10505:
10499:
10498:
10496:
10494:
10479:
10473:
10472:
10470:
10468:
10457:
10451:
10450:
10445:
10443:
10432:
10426:
10425:
10423:
10421:
10406:
10400:
10399:
10397:
10395:
10380:
10374:
10373:
10371:
10369:
10355:
10349:
10346:
10335:
10334:
10332:
10330:
10319:
10313:
10312:
10310:
10308:
10293:
10287:
10286:
10284:
10282:
10262:
10256:
10255:
10253:
10251:
10235:
10229:
10228:
10226:
10224:
10209:
10203:
10202:
10200:
10198:
10187:
10181:
10180:
10178:
10176:
10171:on 4 August 2012
10170:
10163:
10155:
10149:
10148:
10146:
10144:
10125:
10119:
10118:
10116:
10114:
10095:
10089:
10088:
10086:
10084:
10065:
10059:
10058:
10047:
10041:
10040:
10038:
10036:
10021:
10015:
10014:
9994:
9988:
9987:
9967:
9961:
9960:
9952:
9946:
9945:
9943:
9941:
9928:
9922:
9916:
9910:
9904:
9895:
9889:
9883:
9877:
9871:
9870:
9868:
9866:
9844:
9838:
9837:
9830:
9824:
9823:
9816:
9810:
9809:
9802:
9796:
9795:
9788:
9782:
9781:
9774:
9768:
9767:
9765:
9763:
9752:
9746:
9745:
9743:
9741:
9730:
9724:
9718:
9712:
9711:
9709:
9707:
9696:
9690:
9689:
9687:
9685:
9670:
9664:
9663:
9661:
9659:
9644:
9638:
9637:
9635:
9633:
9618:
9612:
9611:
9609:
9607:
9592:
9586:
9585:
9583:
9581:
9566:
9560:
9559:
9557:
9555:
9540:
9534:
9533:
9531:
9529:
9518:
9512:
9511:
9509:
9507:
9496:
9490:
9489:
9487:
9485:
9474:
9468:
9462:
9456:
9450:
9444:
9443:
9441:
9439:
9428:
9422:
9421:
9419:
9417:
9402:
9396:
9395:
9393:
9391:
9376:
9370:
9369:
9367:
9365:
9354:
9348:
9342:
9336:
9335:
9333:
9331:
9316:
9310:
9309:
9307:
9305:
9286:
9280:
9277:
9271:
9270:
9268:
9266:
9243:
9237:
9236:
9234:
9232:
9227:on 19 March 2008
9217:
9211:
9205:
9199:
9198:
9196:
9194:
9179:
9173:
9167:
9161:
9155:
9149:
9148:
9146:
9144:
9128:
9122:
9121:
9119:
9117:
9102:
9096:
9095:
9081:
9075:
9074:
9060:
9054:
9053:
9051:
9049:
9034:
9028:
9027:
9025:
9023:
9012:"The Tour Baby!"
9007:
9001:
9000:
8998:
8996:
8977:
8971:
8970:
8968:
8966:
8959:The Boston Globe
8949:
8943:
8942:
8940:
8938:
8923:
8917:
8916:
8909:
8903:
8896:
8890:
8889:
8882:
8876:
8862:
8856:
8855:, p. 75-76.
8850:
8844:
8838:
8832:
8826:
8820:
8819:
8798:
8792:
8786:
8780:
8774:
8765:
8764:
8762:
8760:
8745:
8739:
8738:
8736:
8730:. Archived from
8729:
8721:
8715:
8714:
8712:
8710:
8694:
8688:
8687:
8685:
8683:
8674:. Archived from
8663:
8657:
8656:
8654:
8652:
8638:
8632:
8631:
8629:
8627:
8612:
8606:
8605:
8603:
8601:
8586:
8580:
8579:
8577:
8575:
8563:
8557:
8556:
8554:
8552:
8546:Awful Announcing
8537:
8531:
8530:
8528:
8526:
8511:
8505:
8504:
8502:
8500:
8486:
8480:
8474:
8468:
8467:
8465:
8463:
8454:. Archived from
8444:
8438:
8437:
8435:
8433:
8421:
8415:
8409:
8403:
8397:
8391:
8385:
8379:
8373:
8367:
8361:
8355:
8349:
8343:
8342:
8340:
8338:
8323:
8317:
8316:
8314:
8312:
8293:
8287:
8286:
8268:
8262:
8261:
8254:
8248:
8247:
8245:
8243:
8228:
8222:
8216:
8210:
8207:
8198:
8197:
8195:
8193:
8182:
8176:
8173:
8164:
8161:
8152:
8149:
8136:
8125:
8119:
8116:
8110:
8104:
8098:
8092:
8086:
8085:
8083:
8081:
8066:
8060:
8059:
8052:
8046:
8045:
8043:
8041:
8026:
8020:
8019:
8017:
8015:
8000:
7994:
7993:
7991:
7989:
7974:
7968:
7967:
7965:
7963:
7952:
7946:
7945:
7943:
7941:
7929:
7923:
7922:
7920:
7918:
7895:
7889:
7888:
7886:
7884:
7869:
7863:
7857:
7851:
7845:
7839:
7838:
7836:
7834:
7820:
7814:
7813:
7811:
7809:
7803:
7796:
7788:
7782:
7781:
7779:
7777:
7762:
7756:
7755:
7753:
7751:
7737:
7731:
7730:
7723:
7717:
7716:
7714:
7712:
7697:
7691:
7690:
7684:
7676:
7674:
7672:
7656:
7650:
7649:
7647:
7645:
7630:
7624:
7623:
7621:
7619:
7604:
7595:
7594:, p. 69â83.
7589:
7583:
7577:
7571:
7565:
7559:
7553:
7544:
7543:
7541:
7539:
7524:
7518:
7512:
7506:
7505:
7503:
7501:
7481:
7475:
7469:
7463:
7457:
7451:
7445:
7436:
7435:
7433:
7431:
7422:. Archived from
7416:
7410:
7409:
7407:
7405:
7399:
7392:
7384:
7378:
7377:
7375:
7373:
7358:
7349:
7348:
7346:
7344:
7333:
7327:
7326:
7324:
7322:
7307:
7301:
7300:
7298:
7291:
7283:
7277:
7271:
7256:
7255:
7253:
7251:
7235:
7216:
7215:
7213:
7211:
7192:
7163:
7162:
7155:
7149:
7148:
7141:
7135:
7134:
7126:
7120:
7119:
7117:
7115:
7100:
7091:
7090:
7083:
7077:
7076:
7068:
7062:
7061:
7059:
7057:
7045:
7039:
7038:
7036:
7034:
7023:
7017:
7016:
7014:
7012:
6997:
6991:
6990:
6988:
6986:
6971:
6965:
6964:
6962:
6960:
6945:
6939:
6938:
6931:
6925:
6924:
6917:
6908:
6907:
6896:
6890:
6889:
6887:
6885:
6862:
6856:
6855:
6853:
6851:
6829:
6823:
6822:
6820:
6818:
6812:
6801:
6792:
6786:
6785:
6778:
6772:
6771:
6769:
6767:
6762:on 18 April 2020
6758:. Archived from
6756:Sports Reference
6748:
6742:
6736:
6730:
6724:
6718:
6717:
6715:
6713:
6699:
6693:
6687:
6681:
6680:
6669:
6658:
6657:
6655:
6653:
6638:
6632:
6626:
6620:
6619:
6617:
6615:
6600:
6589:
6588:
6586:
6584:
6569:
6563:
6557:
6551:
6545:
6539:
6533:
6524:
6518:
6512:
6506:
6500:
6499:
6497:
6495:
6486:. Archived from
6476:
6470:
6464:
6458:
6452:
6446:
6440:
6434:
6428:
6419:
6413:
6407:
6406:
6404:
6402:
6391:
6385:
6382:
6376:
6370:
6364:
6358:
6343:
6336:
6330:
6324:
6313:
6307:
6301:
6295:
6289:
6283:
6277:
6271:
6265:
6259:
6253:
6247:
6238:
6232:
6226:
6220:
6214:
6208:
6202:
6196:
6190:
6184:
6173:
6167:
6161:
6155:
6149:
6143:
6137:
6131:
6125:
6119:
6113:
6112:
6100:
6090:
6084:
6078:
6072:
6066:
6060:
6054:
6045:
6039:
6033:
6027:
6021:
6015:
6009:
6003:
5997:
5991:
5985:
5979:
5966:
5960:
5954:
5948:
5942:
5936:
5930:
5929:
5927:
5925:
5910:
5901:
5900:
5898:
5896:
5890:
5883:
5875:
5866:
5860:
5854:
5853:
5851:
5849:
5834:
5828:
5827:
5825:
5823:
5814:. Archived from
5804:
5798:
5797:
5795:
5793:
5778:
5772:
5771:
5769:
5767:
5753:
5747:
5746:
5744:
5742:
5727:
5721:
5720:
5718:
5716:
5705:
5699:
5698:
5696:
5694:
5680:
5672:
5646:
5643:
5631:
5624:
5618:
5615:
5609:
5605:
5599:
5596:
5590:
5586:
5580:
5577:
5571:
5568:
5562:
5558:
5552:
5548:
5542:
5539:
5413:
5411:
5402:
5400:
5399:
5377:
5375:
5366:
5364:
5363:
5341:
5339:
5330:
5328:
5327:
5305:
5303:
5294:
5292:
5291:
5262:
5260:
5251:
5249:
5248:
5215:
5213:
5204:
5202:
5201:
5171:
5169:
5160:
5158:
5157:
5127:
5125:
5116:
5114:
5113:
5083:
5081:
5074:Jacques Anquetil
5072:
5070:
5069:
5048:
5047:
5031:Jacques Anquetil
4912:Raymond Poulidor
4857:Sylvain Chavanel
4845:Jacques Anquetil
4751:Parc des Princes
4721:Fabio Casartelli
4699:Francisco Cepeda
4564:Alberto Contador
4545:Leonardo Piepoli
4484:On 24 May 2007,
4400:Philippe Gaumont
4384:Raimondas RumĆĄas
4378:initiative, the
4301:under the title
4271:and his brother
4076:, translated as
3989:Ernest Hemingway
3854:NBC Sports Group
3792:AS355 Ăcureuil 2
3740:Parc des Princes
3701:
3700:
3699:
3682:
3681:
3680:
3663:
3662:
3661:
3644:
3643:
3642:
3625:
3624:
3623:
3606:
3605:
3604:
3591:, United Kingdom
3587:
3586:
3585:
3568:
3567:
3566:
3549:
3548:
3547:
3530:
3529:
3528:
3515:, United Kingdom
3511:
3510:
3509:
3492:
3491:
3490:
3473:
3472:
3471:
3454:
3453:
3452:
3435:
3434:
3433:
3416:
3415:
3414:
3397:
3396:
3395:
3378:
3377:
3376:
3359:
3358:
3357:
3340:
3339:
3338:
3321:
3320:
3319:
3302:
3301:
3300:
3283:
3282:
3281:
3264:
3263:
3262:
3245:
3244:
3243:
3226:
3225:
3224:
3169:Piste Municipale
3165:Parc des Princes
3138:François Alfonsi
3081:the Nationalists
2933:Col du Tourmalet
2921:Raymond Poulidor
2853:French Air Force
2712:Col du Tourmalet
2516:Alberto Contador
2435:
2378:
2339:
2282:
2225:
2224:
2091:
2061:
2029:
1995:
1959:
1923:
1922:
1915:Richard Virenque
1901:
1870:pictured at the
1868:Richard Virenque
1835:Jacques Anquetil
1787:pictured at the
1691:Jonas Vingegaard
1645:Jonas Vingegaard
1489:Alberto Contador
1478:Alberto Contador
1358:Jacques Anquetil
1129:, among others.
1127:Sylvain Chavanel
1096:Bernard Thévenet
1074:three times and
1066:five times, the
1020:Raymond Poulidor
988:Jacques Anquetil
974:Raymond Poulidor
970:Jacques Anquetil
940:, Italian rider
927:Tour de l'Avenir
839:Col du Tourmalet
805:Maurice De Waele
775:team time-trials
609:Parc des Princes
585:Ădouard Michelin
351:
346:
333:
331:
322:
320:
319:
312:Most recent
300:
298:
289:
287:
286:
280:
278:
269:
267:
266:
260:
258:
249:
247:
246:
240:
238:
231:Jacques Anquetil
229:
227:
226:
214:
212:
203:
201:
200:
188:
186:
181:
178:1 July 1903
165:
160:
157:
155:
98:
66:
52:
51:
45:
41:
13538:
13537:
13533:
13532:
13531:
13529:
13528:
13527:
13458:
13457:
13456:
13451:
13447:Team time trial
13420:
13389:
13333:
13272:
13236:
13229:
13222:
13215:
13203:Vuelta a España
13201:
13194:
13187:
13166:
13143:
13138:
13108:
13099:
13075:Tour of Beijing
13053:
13049:Tour of Guangxi
13019:Vuelta a España
13009:Tour de Pologne
12879:Tour Down Under
12860:
12782:
12685:
12680:
12650:
12645:
12604:
12569:
12547:Vuelta a España
12541:
12513:
12473:
12468:
12438:
12433:
12414:L'Ătape du Tour
12372:
12322:
12281:
12235:
12218:
12180:Henri Desgrange
12156:
12155:
12101:
12096:
12095:
12087:
12074:
12073:
12065:
12052:
12051:
12043:
12030:
12029:
12021:
12008:
12007:
11999:
11986:
11985:
11977:
11947:
11946:Classifications
11941:
11919:
11913:
11508:
11499:
11490:
11481:
11472:
11463:
11454:
11341:
11334:
11327:
11320:
11253:
11247:
11242:
11191:
11190:
11187:
11182:
11176:
11157:
11136:
11115:
11098:
11096:Further reading
11093:
11087:
11066:
11041:
11012:
10991:
10966:
10939:
10900:
10879:
10858:
10837:
10810:
10795:L'équipée belle
10790:Goddet, Jacques
10782:
10757:
10728:
10689:
10657:
10638:
10633:
10632:
10622:
10620:
10611:
10610:
10606:
10596:
10594:
10585:
10584:
10580:
10570:
10568:
10566:cyclingnews.com
10558:
10554:
10544:
10542:
10533:
10532:
10528:
10518:
10516:
10514:cyclingnews.com
10506:
10502:
10492:
10490:
10481:
10480:
10476:
10466:
10464:
10459:
10458:
10454:
10441:
10439:
10434:
10433:
10429:
10419:
10417:
10407:
10403:
10393:
10391:
10382:
10381:
10377:
10367:
10365:
10363:LâĂtape du Tour
10357:
10356:
10352:
10347:
10338:
10328:
10326:
10321:
10320:
10316:
10306:
10304:
10295:
10294:
10290:
10280:
10278:
10271:Cyclingnews.com
10263:
10259:
10249:
10247:
10236:
10232:
10222:
10220:
10211:
10210:
10206:
10196:
10194:
10189:
10188:
10184:
10174:
10172:
10168:
10161:
10157:
10156:
10152:
10142:
10140:
10133:Results history
10127:
10126:
10122:
10112:
10110:
10103:Results history
10097:
10096:
10092:
10082:
10080:
10073:Results history
10067:
10066:
10062:
10049:
10048:
10044:
10034:
10032:
10023:
10022:
10018:
10011:
9995:
9991:
9984:
9968:
9964:
9953:
9949:
9939:
9937:
9930:
9929:
9925:
9917:
9913:
9905:
9898:
9890:
9886:
9878:
9874:
9864:
9862:
9845:
9841:
9832:
9831:
9827:
9818:
9817:
9813:
9804:
9803:
9799:
9790:
9789:
9785:
9776:
9775:
9771:
9761:
9759:
9754:
9753:
9749:
9739:
9737:
9732:
9731:
9727:
9719:
9715:
9705:
9703:
9698:
9697:
9693:
9683:
9681:
9672:
9671:
9667:
9657:
9655:
9654:on 10 July 2011
9646:
9645:
9641:
9631:
9629:
9628:on 27 June 2011
9620:
9619:
9615:
9605:
9603:
9602:on 10 July 2011
9594:
9593:
9589:
9579:
9577:
9574:Cyclingnews.com
9568:
9567:
9563:
9553:
9551:
9542:
9541:
9537:
9527:
9525:
9520:
9519:
9515:
9505:
9503:
9498:
9497:
9493:
9483:
9481:
9476:
9475:
9471:
9463:
9459:
9451:
9447:
9437:
9435:
9430:
9429:
9425:
9415:
9413:
9403:
9399:
9389:
9387:
9378:
9377:
9373:
9363:
9361:
9356:
9355:
9351:
9343:
9339:
9329:
9327:
9318:
9317:
9313:
9303:
9301:
9288:
9287:
9283:
9278:
9274:
9264:
9262:
9244:
9240:
9230:
9228:
9219:
9218:
9214:
9206:
9202:
9192:
9190:
9189:on 27 June 2007
9181:
9180:
9176:
9168:
9164:
9156:
9152:
9142:
9140:
9129:
9125:
9115:
9113:
9104:
9103:
9099:
9082:
9078:
9061:
9057:
9047:
9045:
9044:on 19 July 2013
9036:
9035:
9031:
9021:
9019:
9008:
9004:
8994:
8992:
8991:on 20 July 2013
8985:TheTourBaby.com
8981:"The Tour Baby"
8979:
8978:
8974:
8964:
8962:
8950:
8946:
8936:
8934:
8925:
8924:
8920:
8911:
8910:
8906:
8897:
8893:
8884:
8883:
8879:
8873:Wayback Machine
8863:
8859:
8851:
8847:
8839:
8835:
8827:
8823:
8799:
8795:
8787:
8783:
8775:
8768:
8758:
8756:
8747:
8746:
8742:
8734:
8727:
8723:
8722:
8718:
8708:
8706:
8695:
8691:
8681:
8679:
8664:
8660:
8650:
8648:
8640:
8639:
8635:
8625:
8623:
8613:
8609:
8599:
8597:
8587:
8583:
8573:
8571:
8564:
8560:
8550:
8548:
8538:
8534:
8524:
8522:
8512:
8508:
8498:
8496:
8488:
8487:
8483:
8475:
8471:
8461:
8459:
8458:on 17 July 2019
8446:
8445:
8441:
8431:
8429:
8422:
8418:
8410:
8406:
8398:
8394:
8386:
8382:
8374:
8370:
8362:
8358:
8350:
8346:
8336:
8334:
8333:. 26 March 2021
8325:
8324:
8320:
8310:
8308:
8307:on 21 July 2014
8295:
8294:
8290:
8283:
8269:
8265:
8256:
8255:
8251:
8241:
8239:
8230:
8229:
8225:
8217:
8213:
8208:
8201:
8191:
8189:
8184:
8183:
8179:
8174:
8167:
8162:
8155:
8150:
8139:
8126:
8122:
8117:
8113:
8105:
8101:
8093:
8089:
8079:
8077:
8068:
8067:
8063:
8054:
8053:
8049:
8039:
8037:
8036:on 20 July 2011
8028:
8027:
8023:
8013:
8011:
8002:
8001:
7997:
7987:
7985:
7975:
7971:
7961:
7959:
7954:
7953:
7949:
7939:
7937:
7930:
7926:
7916:
7914:
7912:
7896:
7892:
7882:
7880:
7870:
7866:
7858:
7854:
7846:
7842:
7832:
7830:
7822:
7821:
7817:
7807:
7805:
7801:
7794:
7790:
7789:
7785:
7775:
7773:
7764:
7763:
7759:
7749:
7747:
7745:brujulabike.com
7739:
7738:
7734:
7725:
7724:
7720:
7710:
7708:
7699:
7698:
7694:
7678:
7677:
7670:
7668:
7657:
7653:
7643:
7641:
7632:
7631:
7627:
7617:
7615:
7606:
7605:
7598:
7590:
7586:
7578:
7574:
7566:
7562:
7554:
7547:
7537:
7535:
7526:
7525:
7521:
7513:
7509:
7499:
7497:
7482:
7478:
7470:
7466:
7458:
7454:
7446:
7439:
7429:
7427:
7426:on 11 July 2021
7418:
7417:
7413:
7403:
7401:
7397:
7390:
7386:
7385:
7381:
7371:
7369:
7359:
7352:
7342:
7340:
7335:
7334:
7330:
7320:
7318:
7309:
7308:
7304:
7296:
7289:
7285:
7284:
7280:
7272:
7259:
7249:
7247:
7236:
7219:
7209:
7207:
7206:on 27 June 2013
7194:
7193:
7166:
7157:
7156:
7152:
7143:
7142:
7138:
7133:. The Guardian.
7127:
7123:
7113:
7111:
7102:
7101:
7094:
7085:
7084:
7080:
7069:
7065:
7055:
7053:
7046:
7042:
7032:
7030:
7025:
7024:
7020:
7010:
7008:
6998:
6994:
6984:
6982:
6972:
6968:
6958:
6956:
6947:
6946:
6942:
6933:
6932:
6928:
6919:
6918:
6911:
6898:
6897:
6893:
6883:
6881:
6863:
6859:
6849:
6847:
6839:. 20 May 2010.
6831:
6830:
6826:
6816:
6814:
6810:
6799:
6793:
6789:
6780:
6779:
6775:
6765:
6763:
6750:
6749:
6745:
6737:
6733:
6725:
6721:
6711:
6709:
6701:
6700:
6696:
6688:
6684:
6671:
6670:
6661:
6651:
6649:
6640:
6639:
6635:
6627:
6623:
6613:
6611:
6601:
6592:
6582:
6580:
6571:
6570:
6566:
6558:
6554:
6546:
6542:
6534:
6527:
6519:
6515:
6507:
6503:
6493:
6491:
6478:
6477:
6473:
6465:
6461:
6453:
6449:
6441:
6437:
6429:
6422:
6414:
6410:
6400:
6398:
6393:
6392:
6388:
6383:
6379:
6371:
6367:
6359:
6346:
6337:
6333:
6325:
6316:
6308:
6304:
6296:
6292:
6284:
6280:
6272:
6268:
6260:
6256:
6248:
6241:
6233:
6229:
6221:
6217:
6209:
6205:
6197:
6193:
6185:
6176:
6168:
6164:
6156:
6152:
6144:
6140:
6132:
6128:
6120:
6116:
6109:
6091:
6087:
6079:
6075:
6067:
6063:
6055:
6048:
6040:
6036:
6028:
6024:
6016:
6012:
6004:
6000:
5992:
5988:
5980:
5969:
5961:
5957:
5949:
5945:
5937:
5933:
5923:
5921:
5912:
5911:
5904:
5894:
5892:
5888:
5881:
5877:
5876:
5869:
5861:
5857:
5847:
5845:
5844:on 23 June 2011
5836:
5835:
5831:
5821:
5819:
5806:
5805:
5801:
5791:
5789:
5780:
5779:
5775:
5765:
5763:
5755:
5754:
5750:
5740:
5738:
5729:
5728:
5724:
5714:
5712:
5707:
5706:
5702:
5692:
5690:
5673:
5660:
5655:
5650:
5649:
5644:
5640:
5635:
5634:
5625:
5621:
5616:
5612:
5606:
5602:
5597:
5593:
5587:
5583:
5578:
5574:
5569:
5565:
5559:
5555:
5549:
5545:
5540:
5536:
5531:
5438:L'Ătape du Tour
5435:
5407:
5397:
5395:
5371:
5361:
5359:
5335:
5325:
5323:
5299:
5289:
5287:
5256:
5246:
5244:
5209:
5206:Miguel IndurĂĄin
5199:
5197:
5165:
5162:Bernard Hinault
5155:
5153:
5121:
5111:
5109:
5077:
5067:
5065:
5043:Miguel IndurĂĄin
5039:Bernard Hinault
5027:
5015:José-Luis Viejo
4984:Mario Cipollini
4973:Fabio Battesini
4961:André Darrigade
4949:Freddy Maertens
4918:Lance Armstrong
4881:André Darrigade
4861:George Hincapie
4850:André Darrigade
4798:
4790:Main articles:
4788:
4747:André Darrigade
4703:Col du Galibier
4690:drowned at the
4688:Adolphe HĂ©liĂšre
4660:
4654:
4626:Levi Leipheimer
4618:George Hincapie
4507:Cristian Moreni
4423:Lance Armstrong
4386:, third in the
4341:growth hormones
4269:Henri PĂ©lissier
4248:Allegations of
4235:
4209:
4203:
4190:
4136:Tour Baby Deux!
4061:Chacun son Tour
4038:Five Red Tulips
4020:British Library
3952:
3886:
3755:Robert Chapatte
3728:L'Intransigeant
3713:
3708:
3697:
3695:
3678:
3676:
3659:
3657:
3640:
3638:
3621:
3619:
3602:
3600:
3583:
3581:
3564:
3562:
3545:
3543:
3526:
3524:
3507:
3505:
3488:
3486:
3475:Luxembourg City
3469:
3467:
3450:
3448:
3431:
3429:
3412:
3410:
3399:Luxembourg City
3393:
3391:
3374:
3372:
3355:
3353:
3336:
3334:
3317:
3315:
3298:
3296:
3279:
3277:
3260:
3258:
3241:
3239:
3222:
3220:
3196:
3156:
3150:
3122:
3062:Alsace-Lorraine
3058:
2996:
2967:
2937:Col du Galibier
2882:Levi Leipheimer
2826:
2800:Bradley Wiggins
2793:
2769:
2761:
2753:Crédit Lyonnais
2724:
2704:Col du Galibier
2668:
2646:
2612:
2559:
2499:Francesco Moser
2460:
2454:
2131:
2125:
2094:Fourth Category
2032:Second Category
1861:
1855:
1847:Miguel IndurĂĄin
1843:Bernard Hinault
1778:
1768:
1762:
1742:
1740:Classifications
1714:Remco Evenepoel
1623:Vincenzo Nibali
1607:Bradley Wiggins
1600:
1551:Bradley Wiggins
1480:(right) at the
1446:Lance Armstrong
1417:
1362:Bernard Hinault
1346:Miguel IndurĂĄin
1311:Miguel IndurĂĄin
1299:, which formed
1273:
1264:Philippe Amaury
1248:Marianne Martin
1172:the year before
1148:Bernard Hinault
1137:Bernard Hinault
1056:
828:
706:
657:southern France
637:
631:
601:Henri Desgrange
581:Adolphe Clément
561:
556:
555:
553:
482:
476:
366:Vuelta a España
344:
327:
317:
315:
294:
291:Miguel IndurĂĄin
284:
282:
281:
274:
271:Bernard Hinault
264:
262:
261:
254:
244:
242:
241:
234:
224:
222:
208:
198:
196:
184:
182:
179:
152:
96:
95:Tour de France
49:
38:
31:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
13536:
13526:
13525:
13520:
13515:
13510:
13505:
13500:
13495:
13490:
13485:
13480:
13475:
13470:
13468:Tour de France
13453:
13452:
13450:
13449:
13444:
13439:
13434:
13428:
13426:
13422:
13421:
13419:
13418:
13413:
13408:
13403:
13397:
13395:
13391:
13390:
13388:
13387:
13382:
13381:
13380:
13375:
13370:
13365:
13360:
13352:
13347:
13341:
13339:
13335:
13334:
13332:
13331:
13326:
13321:
13316:
13311:
13306:
13301:
13296:
13291:
13286:
13280:
13278:
13274:
13273:
13271:
13270:
13265:
13260:
13255:
13250:
13245:
13244:
13243:
13242:
13241:
13234:
13227:
13220:
13208:
13207:
13206:
13199:
13192:
13189:Tour de France
13178:UCI World Tour
13174:
13172:
13168:
13167:
13165:
13164:
13163:
13162:
13157:
13148:
13145:
13144:
13137:
13136:
13129:
13122:
13114:
13105:
13104:
13101:
13100:
13098:
13097:
13092:
13087:
13082:
13077:
13072:
13067:
13065:Abu Dhabi Tour
13061:
13059:
13055:
13054:
13052:
13051:
13046:
13041:
13039:GP de Montréal
13036:
13031:
13026:
13021:
13016:
13014:BinckBank Tour
13011:
13006:
13001:
12999:Tour de France
12996:
12994:Tour de Suisse
12991:
12986:
12981:
12976:
12971:
12966:
12961:
12956:
12951:
12946:
12941:
12936:
12931:
12926:
12921:
12916:
12914:MilanâSan Remo
12911:
12906:
12901:
12899:Strade Bianche
12896:
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12788:UCI WorldTeams
12784:
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12683:UCI World Tour
12679:
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12486:Tour de France
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12406:
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12396:
12391:
12386:
12384:Ămilien Amaury
12380:
12378:
12374:
12373:
12371:
12370:
12365:
12360:
12357:Hors catégorie
12353:
12348:
12345:Lanterne rouge
12341:
12336:
12330:
12328:
12324:
12323:
12321:
12320:
12315:
12310:
12305:
12303:Grands DĂ©parts
12300:
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12280:
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12271:
12264:Champs-ĂlysĂ©es
12260:
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12241:
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12236:
12234:
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12229:2022âpresent:
12226:
12224:
12220:
12219:
12217:
12216:
12212:2007âpresent:
12210:
12204:
12201:
12198:
12192:Jacques Goddet
12188:
12186:Jacques Goddet
12182:
12175:
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11245:Tour de France
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11186:
11185:External links
11183:
11181:
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10707:
10693:
10687:
10669:Jenkins, Sally
10661:
10655:
10639:
10637:
10634:
10631:
10630:
10619:. 17 July 2023
10604:
10593:. 17 July 2023
10578:
10552:
10526:
10500:
10489:. 17 July 2018
10474:
10452:
10427:
10401:
10375:
10350:
10336:
10314:
10288:
10277:on 6 July 2015
10257:
10244:Cycling Weekly
10230:
10204:
10182:
10150:
10120:
10090:
10060:
10055:Bike Race Info
10042:
10016:
10009:
9989:
9982:
9962:
9947:
9923:
9911:
9896:
9884:
9882:, p. 105.
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9445:
9423:
9397:
9386:. 30 June 2008
9371:
9349:
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9311:
9281:
9272:
9238:
9212:
9210:, p. 145.
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8845:
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8793:
8781:
8766:
8740:
8716:
8689:
8678:on 11 May 2011
8658:
8633:
8607:
8581:
8558:
8532:
8506:
8481:
8469:
8439:
8428:. Ars Technica
8416:
8414:, p. 117.
8404:
8402:, p. 137.
8392:
8390:, p. 283.
8380:
8378:, p. 136.
8368:
8366:, p. 134.
8356:
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8318:
8288:
8281:
8263:
8249:
8223:
8221:, p. 149.
8211:
8199:
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8111:
8109:, p. 242.
8099:
8087:
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7890:
7864:
7852:
7840:
7828:Cycling Weekly
7815:
7804:on 7 July 2015
7783:
7757:
7732:
7718:
7707:. 10 July 2017
7692:
7651:
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7596:
7584:
7572:
7560:
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7519:
7507:
7476:
7464:
7452:
7437:
7411:
7400:on 7 July 2015
7379:
7367:Cycling Weekly
7350:
7339:. Cvccbike.com
7328:
7317:. 30 July 2018
7302:
7278:
7276:, p. 203.
7257:
7217:
7164:
7150:
7136:
7121:
7110:. 31 July 2022
7092:
7078:
7063:
7040:
7018:
6992:
6966:
6955:. 24 July 2011
6940:
6926:
6909:
6891:
6857:
6824:
6787:
6773:
6743:
6731:
6719:
6694:
6682:
6659:
6648:on 10 May 2012
6633:
6621:
6590:
6579:. 17 June 2015
6564:
6552:
6550:, p. 126.
6540:
6525:
6521:Nicholson 1991
6513:
6501:
6471:
6469:, p. 115.
6459:
6447:
6445:, p. 122.
6435:
6420:
6408:
6386:
6377:
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6331:
6314:
6302:
6290:
6278:
6266:
6254:
6239:
6227:
6215:
6203:
6191:
6174:
6172:, p. 148.
6162:
6160:, p. 129.
6150:
6138:
6136:, p. 154.
6126:
6114:
6107:
6085:
6073:
6061:
6059:, p. 131.
6046:
6034:
6030:Nicholson 1991
6022:
6010:
5998:
5986:
5967:
5955:
5951:Nicholson 1991
5943:
5931:
5902:
5891:on 5 July 2006
5867:
5855:
5829:
5799:
5773:
5761:Cycling Weekly
5748:
5722:
5700:
5657:
5656:
5654:
5651:
5648:
5647:
5637:
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5633:
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5600:
5591:
5581:
5572:
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5553:
5543:
5533:
5532:
5530:
5527:
5434:
5433:Related events
5431:
5428:
5427:
5414:
5392:
5391:
5378:
5356:
5355:
5342:
5320:
5319:
5306:
5285:
5281:
5280:
5263:
5242:
5238:
5237:
5216:
5194:
5193:
5172:
5150:
5149:
5128:
5106:
5105:
5084:
5063:
5059:
5058:
5055:
5052:
5026:
5025:Record winners
5023:
5003:Albert Bourlon
4969:François Faber
4957:Mark Cavendish
4905:Lucien Pothier
4897:Laurent Fignon
4877:Jules Deloffre
4865:Joop Zoetemelk
4840:Nicolas Frantz
4787:
4784:
4783:
4782:
4775:
4768:
4761:
4754:
4743:
4736:
4729:
4728:
4717:
4706:
4695:
4692:French Riviera
4653:
4650:
4630:Erythropoietin
4614:Tyler Hamilton
4610:Frankie Andreu
4533:Riccardo RiccĂČ
4529:Manuel BeltrĂĄn
4522:Davide Cassani
4337:erythropoietin
4312:died climbing
4277:Albert Londres
4213:Festina affair
4205:Main article:
4202:
4199:
4189:
4186:
4149:Claude Lelouch
4128:The Tour Baby!
4079:Hell on Wheels
4004:, an American
3972:Tour de France
3951:
3948:
3908:Maurice BarrĂšs
3893:Quentin Pacher
3885:
3882:
3796:AS350 Ăcureuil
3712:
3709:
3707:
3706:
3687:
3668:
3649:
3630:
3611:
3592:
3573:
3554:
3535:
3516:
3497:
3478:
3459:
3440:
3421:
3402:
3383:
3382:, West Germany
3364:
3345:
3344:, West Germany
3326:
3307:
3288:
3269:
3268:, West Germany
3250:
3231:
3211:
3195:
3192:
3161:Champs-ĂlysĂ©es
3152:Main article:
3149:
3146:
3121:
3118:
3057:
3054:
2995:
2992:
2966:
2963:
2893:Laurent Fignon
2841:Champs-ĂlysĂ©es
2837:Mark Cavendish
2825:
2824:Notable stages
2822:
2792:
2789:
2768:
2765:
2760:
2757:
2723:
2720:
2716:Jacques Goddet
2667:
2664:
2651:lanterne rouge
2645:
2644:Lanterne rouge
2642:
2611:
2608:
2566:Warren Barguil
2558:
2555:
2504:Laurent Fignon
2456:Main article:
2453:
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2127:Main article:
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2068:
2065:
2064:Third Category
2062:
2054:
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2049:
2047:
2045:
2042:
2039:
2036:
2033:
2030:
2022:
2021:
2019:
2017:
2014:
2011:
2008:
2005:
2002:
1999:
1998:First Category
1996:
1988:
1987:
1984:
1981:
1978:
1975:
1972:
1969:
1966:
1963:
1962:Hors catégorie
1960:
1952:
1951:
1948:
1945:
1942:
1939:
1936:
1933:
1930:
1927:
1888:Vicente Trueba
1857:Main article:
1854:
1851:
1764:Main article:
1761:
1758:
1741:
1738:
1730:Mark Cavendish
1680:Mark Cavendish
1658:outbreak, the
1615:Geraint Thomas
1599:
1596:
1425:Festina Affair
1416:
1413:
1384:(1990) in the
1322:erythropoietin
1272:
1269:
1256:Ămilien Amaury
1160:Laurent Fignon
1152:Joop Zoetemelk
1115:Champs-ĂlysĂ©es
1080:Mark Cavendish
1062:, who won the
1055:
1052:
923:Jacques Goddet
835:Jacques Goddet
827:
824:
816:Jacques Goddet
744:) appeared in
705:
702:
633:Main article:
630:
627:
589:Dreyfus Affair
560:
557:
484:
483:
475:
472:
420:Champs-ĂlysĂ©es
397:UCI WorldTeams
393:UCI World Tour
341:Tour de France
335:
334:
313:
309:
308:
307:
306:
220:
219:Most wins
216:
215:
194:
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176:
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171:
167:
166:
150:
146:
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136:
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122:
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117:
115:UCI World Tour
112:
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99:
93:
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88:
85:
81:
80:
77:
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72:
68:
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59:
58:
43:Tour de France
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
13535:
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13416:Women's Teams
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13340:
13338:Championships
13336:
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13310:
13307:
13305:
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13284:Olympic Games
13282:
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13266:
13264:
13261:
13259:
13256:
13254:
13253:UCI ProSeries
13251:
13249:
13246:
13239:
13235:
13232:
13228:
13225:
13221:
13218:
13214:
13213:
13212:
13211:Classic races
13209:
13204:
13200:
13197:
13196:Giro d'Italia
13193:
13190:
13186:
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13096:
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13088:
13086:
13085:Tour of Qatar
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12984:Giro d'Italia
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12957:
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12954:ParisâRoubaix
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12934:GentâWevelgem
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12538:
12535:
12533:
12530:
12528:
12525:
12524:
12522:
12520:
12519:Giro d'Italia
12516:
12510:
12507:
12505:
12502:
12500:
12497:
12495:
12492:
12491:
12489:
12487:
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12266:
12265:
12261:
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12255:
12253:
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12248:
12246:
12242:
12232:
12231:Marion Rousse
12228:
12227:
12225:
12221:
12215:
12211:
12209:
12205:
12202:
12199:
12197:
12196:FĂ©lix LĂ©vitan
12193:
12189:
12187:
12183:
12181:
12177:
12176:
12174:
12170:
12167:
12163:
12150:
12149:maillot rouge
12144:
12139:
12135:
12131:
12125:
12120:
12116:
12115:
12112:
12108:
12092:
12086:
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11998:
11993:
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11216:
11210:
11206:
11203:
11200:
11194:
11189:
11188:
11177:
11175:0-684-02879-4
11171:
11167:
11162:
11158:
11152:
11148:
11147:
11141:
11137:
11131:
11127:
11126:
11120:
11116:
11114:1-59486-230-3
11110:
11106:
11101:
11100:
11088:
11082:
11078:
11077:
11071:
11067:
11061:
11057:
11053:
11052:
11046:
11042:
11036:
11032:
11028:
11024:
11023:
11017:
11013:
11007:
11003:
11002:
10996:
10992:
10986:
10982:
10978:
10977:
10971:
10967:
10961:
10957:
10952:
10951:
10944:
10940:
10934:
10930:
10926:
10925:
10920:
10916:
10912:
10911:
10905:
10901:
10895:
10891:
10890:
10884:
10880:
10874:
10870:
10869:
10863:
10859:
10853:
10849:
10848:
10842:
10838:
10832:
10828:
10823:
10822:
10815:
10811:
10805:
10801:
10797:
10796:
10791:
10787:
10783:
10777:
10773:
10769:
10768:
10762:
10758:
10752:
10748:
10747:La MartiniĂšre
10744:
10743:
10738:
10737:Chany, Pierre
10733:
10729:
10723:
10719:
10715:
10714:
10708:
10704:
10703:
10698:
10694:
10690:
10684:
10680:
10676:
10675:
10670:
10666:
10662:
10658:
10652:
10648:
10647:
10641:
10640:
10618:
10614:
10608:
10592:
10588:
10582:
10567:
10563:
10556:
10540:
10536:
10530:
10515:
10511:
10504:
10488:
10484:
10478:
10462:
10456:
10449:
10437:
10431:
10416:
10412:
10405:
10390:. 11 May 2021
10389:
10385:
10379:
10364:
10360:
10354:
10345:
10343:
10341:
10324:
10318:
10302:
10298:
10292:
10276:
10272:
10268:
10261:
10245:
10241:
10234:
10219:. 8 July 1999
10218:
10214:
10208:
10192:
10186:
10167:
10160:
10154:
10138:
10134:
10130:
10124:
10108:
10104:
10100:
10099:"Eddy Merckx"
10094:
10078:
10074:
10070:
10064:
10056:
10052:
10046:
10030:
10026:
10020:
10012:
10006:
10002:
10001:
9993:
9985:
9979:
9975:
9974:
9966:
9958:
9951:
9935:
9934:
9927:
9920:
9915:
9909:, p. 80.
9908:
9907:Woodland 2007
9903:
9901:
9893:
9888:
9881:
9880:Woodland 2007
9876:
9860:
9856:
9855:
9850:
9843:
9835:
9829:
9821:
9815:
9807:
9801:
9793:
9787:
9779:
9773:
9757:
9751:
9735:
9729:
9722:
9717:
9701:
9695:
9679:
9675:
9669:
9653:
9649:
9643:
9627:
9623:
9617:
9601:
9597:
9591:
9575:
9571:
9565:
9549:
9545:
9539:
9523:
9517:
9501:
9495:
9479:
9473:
9466:
9461:
9454:
9449:
9433:
9427:
9412:
9408:
9401:
9385:
9381:
9375:
9359:
9353:
9346:
9341:
9325:
9321:
9315:
9300:on 8 May 2008
9299:
9295:
9293:
9285:
9276:
9261:
9257:
9253:
9249:
9242:
9226:
9222:
9216:
9209:
9204:
9188:
9184:
9178:
9171:
9166:
9159:
9154:
9138:
9134:
9127:
9111:
9107:
9101:
9093:
9092:
9087:
9080:
9072:
9071:
9066:
9059:
9043:
9039:
9033:
9017:
9013:
9006:
8990:
8986:
8982:
8976:
8961:
8960:
8955:
8948:
8933:. 27 May 2005
8932:
8928:
8922:
8914:
8908:
8901:
8895:
8887:
8881:
8874:
8870:
8867:
8864:Chris Jones,
8861:
8854:
8849:
8843:, p. 74.
8842:
8837:
8831:, p. 70.
8830:
8825:
8817:
8813:
8812:
8807:
8803:
8797:
8790:
8785:
8779:, p. 67.
8778:
8773:
8771:
8754:
8750:
8744:
8733:
8726:
8720:
8704:
8700:
8697:John Ourand.
8693:
8677:
8673:
8669:
8662:
8647:
8643:
8637:
8622:
8618:
8611:
8596:
8592:
8585:
8569:
8562:
8547:
8543:
8536:
8521:
8517:
8510:
8495:
8491:
8485:
8479:, p. 48.
8478:
8477:Thompson 2008
8473:
8457:
8453:
8449:
8443:
8427:
8420:
8413:
8408:
8401:
8400:Thompson 2008
8396:
8389:
8388:Thompson 2008
8384:
8377:
8372:
8365:
8360:
8354:, p. 21.
8353:
8352:Augendre 1996
8348:
8332:
8328:
8322:
8306:
8302:
8298:
8292:
8284:
8278:
8274:
8267:
8259:
8253:
8237:
8236:www.letour.fr
8233:
8227:
8220:
8215:
8206:
8204:
8187:
8181:
8172:
8170:
8160:
8158:
8148:
8146:
8144:
8142:
8134:
8130:
8124:
8115:
8108:
8103:
8097:, p. 37.
8096:
8091:
8075:
8071:
8065:
8057:
8051:
8035:
8031:
8025:
8009:
8005:
7999:
7984:
7980:
7973:
7957:
7951:
7935:
7928:
7913:
7907:
7903:
7902:
7894:
7879:
7875:
7868:
7862:, p. 81.
7861:
7860:Augendre 1996
7856:
7850:, p. 34.
7849:
7848:Augendre 1996
7844:
7829:
7825:
7819:
7800:
7793:
7787:
7771:
7767:
7761:
7746:
7742:
7736:
7728:
7722:
7706:
7702:
7696:
7688:
7682:
7666:
7662:
7655:
7639:
7635:
7629:
7613:
7609:
7603:
7601:
7593:
7592:Augendre 1996
7588:
7581:
7580:Woodland 2007
7576:
7570:, p. 83.
7569:
7568:Augendre 1996
7564:
7558:, p. 61.
7557:
7556:Augendre 1996
7552:
7550:
7533:
7529:
7523:
7517:, p. 77.
7516:
7515:Augendre 1996
7511:
7495:
7491:
7487:
7480:
7474:, p. 45.
7473:
7472:Augendre 1996
7468:
7462:, p. 40.
7461:
7460:Thompson 2008
7456:
7450:, p. 96.
7449:
7448:Woodland 2007
7444:
7442:
7425:
7421:
7415:
7396:
7389:
7383:
7368:
7364:
7357:
7355:
7338:
7332:
7316:
7312:
7306:
7295:
7292:. Letour.fr.
7288:
7282:
7275:
7274:Woodland 2007
7270:
7268:
7266:
7264:
7262:
7245:
7241:
7234:
7232:
7230:
7228:
7226:
7224:
7222:
7205:
7201:
7200:Sporting Life
7197:
7191:
7189:
7187:
7185:
7183:
7181:
7179:
7177:
7175:
7173:
7171:
7169:
7160:
7154:
7146:
7140:
7132:
7125:
7109:
7105:
7099:
7097:
7088:
7082:
7074:
7067:
7051:
7044:
7028:
7022:
7007:
7003:
6996:
6981:
6977:
6970:
6954:
6950:
6944:
6936:
6930:
6922:
6916:
6914:
6905:
6901:
6895:
6880:
6876:
6872:
6868:
6861:
6846:
6842:
6838:
6834:
6828:
6809:
6805:
6802:(in French).
6798:
6791:
6783:
6777:
6761:
6757:
6753:
6747:
6741:, p. 87.
6740:
6739:Augendre 1996
6735:
6728:
6723:
6708:
6704:
6698:
6691:
6686:
6678:
6674:
6668:
6666:
6664:
6647:
6643:
6637:
6631:, p. 69.
6630:
6629:Augendre 1996
6625:
6610:
6606:
6599:
6597:
6595:
6578:
6574:
6568:
6562:, p. 62.
6561:
6560:Augendre 1996
6556:
6549:
6544:
6538:, p. 60.
6537:
6536:Augendre 1996
6532:
6530:
6523:, p. 50.
6522:
6517:
6511:, p. 59.
6510:
6509:Augendre 1996
6505:
6489:
6485:
6481:
6475:
6468:
6463:
6456:
6451:
6444:
6439:
6433:, p. 55.
6432:
6431:Augendre 1996
6427:
6425:
6417:
6412:
6396:
6390:
6381:
6374:
6369:
6362:
6357:
6355:
6353:
6351:
6349:
6341:
6335:
6329:, p. 30.
6328:
6327:Augendre 1996
6323:
6321:
6319:
6312:, p. 84.
6311:
6306:
6300:, p. 50.
6299:
6294:
6288:, p. 37.
6287:
6286:Augendre 1996
6282:
6276:, p. 27.
6275:
6274:Augendre 1996
6270:
6264:, p. 25.
6263:
6262:Augendre 1996
6258:
6252:, p. 23.
6251:
6250:Augendre 1996
6246:
6244:
6237:, p. 36.
6236:
6235:Augendre 1996
6231:
6224:
6219:
6212:
6211:Augendre 1996
6207:
6200:
6195:
6188:
6187:Augendre 1996
6183:
6181:
6179:
6171:
6166:
6159:
6154:
6148:, p. 12.
6147:
6142:
6135:
6130:
6124:, p. 11.
6123:
6118:
6110:
6104:
6099:
6098:
6089:
6082:
6077:
6071:, p. 26.
6070:
6065:
6058:
6053:
6051:
6044:, p. 21.
6043:
6038:
6032:, p. 44.
6031:
6026:
6020:, p. 13.
6019:
6014:
6007:
6002:
5996:, p. 20.
5995:
5990:
5983:
5982:Woodland 2007
5978:
5976:
5974:
5972:
5965:, p. 16.
5964:
5959:
5952:
5947:
5941:, p. 23.
5940:
5935:
5919:
5915:
5909:
5907:
5887:
5880:
5874:
5872:
5865:, p. 17.
5864:
5863:Augendre 1996
5859:
5843:
5839:
5833:
5817:
5813:
5809:
5803:
5787:
5783:
5777:
5762:
5758:
5752:
5736:
5732:
5726:
5710:
5704:
5688:
5684:
5683:The Telegraph
5679:
5671:
5669:
5667:
5665:
5663:
5658:
5642:
5638:
5629:
5623:
5614:
5604:
5595:
5585:
5576:
5567:
5557:
5547:
5538:
5534:
5526:
5524:
5520:
5516:
5512:
5508:
5503:
5501:
5497:
5496:first edition
5493:
5489:
5484:
5482:
5478:
5474:
5470:
5465:
5460:
5458:
5453:
5451:
5450:VĂ©lo Magazine
5447:
5443:
5442:cyclosportive
5439:
5426:
5422:
5418:
5415:
5405:
5404:Tadej PogaÄar
5394:
5393:
5390:
5386:
5382:
5379:
5369:
5358:
5357:
5354:
5350:
5346:
5343:
5333:
5332:Louison Bobet
5322:
5321:
5318:
5314:
5310:
5307:
5297:
5296:Philippe Thys
5286:
5282:
5279:
5275:
5271:
5267:
5264:
5254:
5243:
5239:
5236:
5232:
5228:
5224:
5220:
5217:
5207:
5196:
5195:
5192:
5188:
5184:
5180:
5176:
5173:
5163:
5152:
5151:
5148:
5144:
5140:
5136:
5132:
5129:
5119:
5108:
5107:
5104:
5100:
5096:
5092:
5088:
5085:
5075:
5064:
5060:
5056:
5053:
5050:
5049:
5046:
5044:
5040:
5036:
5032:
5022:
5018:
5016:
5012:
5011:Thierry Marie
5008:
5004:
4999:
4997:
4993:
4989:
4985:
4980:
4978:
4974:
4970:
4966:
4962:
4958:
4954:
4950:
4946:
4942:
4938:
4934:
4930:
4925:
4923:
4919:
4915:
4913:
4908:
4906:
4902:
4898:
4894:
4890:
4884:
4882:
4878:
4873:
4871:
4866:
4862:
4858:
4853:
4851:
4846:
4841:
4837:
4833:
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4553:Bernhard Kohl
4550:
4547:, as well as
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4479:Ăscar Pereiro
4476:
4472:
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4432:triamcinolone
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4416:JesĂșs Manzano
4413:
4410:confessed to
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4120:Cosmic Voyage
4115:
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4097:
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4092:Schwarzfahrer
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4002:Lead Graffiti
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3418:San SebastiĂĄn
3408:
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3194:Starts abroad
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3181:Place Masséna
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3173:111th edition
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2870:Pedro Delgado
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2572:award at the
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1724:, to win the
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1718:Marco Pantani
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1689:Danish rider
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1588:Ăscar Pereiro
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1519:Carlos Sastre
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1501:maillot jaune
1499:, was in the
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1326:Pedro Delgado
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1295:moved to the
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1228:Phil Anderson
1225:
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1208:Giro d'Italia
1205:
1201:
1197:
1196:Stephen Roche
1192:
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1183:La Vie Claire
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892:
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875:Miroir Sprint
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859:Miroir Sprint
856:
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684:Josef Fischer
681:
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676:Maurice Garin
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362:Giro d'Italia
359:
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314:
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195:
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149:Web site
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13378:Pan American
13354:Continental
13309:Island Games
13188:
13171:UCI Circuits
13044:Il Lombardia
13034:GP de Québec
12998:
12702:2010 Ranking
12697:2009 Ranking
12485:
12394:Pierre Dumas
12355:
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10487:VeloNews.com
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9548:Cycling News
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7770:the original
7766:"2015 Route"
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7612:the original
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7522:
7510:
7498:. Retrieved
7494:the original
7489:
7479:
7467:
7455:
7428:. Retrieved
7424:the original
7414:
7402:. Retrieved
7395:the original
7382:
7370:. Retrieved
7366:
7341:. Retrieved
7331:
7319:. Retrieved
7315:Cycling News
7314:
7305:
7281:
7248:. Retrieved
7244:the original
7208:. Retrieved
7204:the original
7199:
7153:
7139:
7124:
7112:. Retrieved
7108:the Guardian
7107:
7081:
7066:
7054:. Retrieved
7043:
7031:. Retrieved
7021:
7011:15 September
7009:. Retrieved
7005:
6995:
6985:15 September
6983:. Retrieved
6979:
6969:
6957:. Retrieved
6952:
6943:
6929:
6903:
6894:
6882:. Retrieved
6871:The Guardian
6870:
6860:
6848:. Retrieved
6836:
6827:
6815:. Retrieved
6808:the original
6790:
6776:
6764:. Retrieved
6760:the original
6755:
6746:
6734:
6722:
6712:17 September
6710:. Retrieved
6706:
6697:
6685:
6677:Cycling News
6676:
6650:. Retrieved
6646:the original
6636:
6624:
6612:. Retrieved
6609:The Guardian
6608:
6581:. Retrieved
6577:Cycling News
6576:
6567:
6555:
6543:
6516:
6504:
6492:. Retrieved
6488:the original
6483:
6474:
6462:
6450:
6438:
6411:
6399:. Retrieved
6389:
6380:
6372:
6368:
6339:
6334:
6305:
6293:
6281:
6269:
6257:
6230:
6218:
6213:, p. 7.
6206:
6194:
6189:, p. 9.
6165:
6153:
6141:
6129:
6117:
6096:
6088:
6083:, p. 3.
6076:
6064:
6037:
6025:
6013:
6001:
5989:
5958:
5946:
5934:
5922:. Retrieved
5918:the Guardian
5917:
5893:. Retrieved
5886:the original
5858:
5846:. Retrieved
5842:the original
5832:
5820:. Retrieved
5816:the original
5811:
5802:
5790:. Retrieved
5786:the original
5776:
5764:. Retrieved
5760:
5751:
5739:. Retrieved
5735:the original
5725:
5713:. Retrieved
5703:
5691:. Retrieved
5682:
5641:
5622:
5613:
5603:
5594:
5584:
5575:
5566:
5556:
5546:
5537:
5525:since 2022.
5504:
5485:
5477:Col d'Izoard
5461:
5454:
5449:
5436:
5253:Chris Froome
5028:
5019:
5000:
4988:Rohan Dennis
4981:
4965:André Leducq
4926:
4916:
4909:
4885:
4874:
4854:
4829:
4818:
4799:
4730:
4714:Amphetamines
4681:
4672:Mont Ventoux
4666:Memorial of
4634:
4622:Floyd Landis
4595:
4584:
4557:
4526:
4515:
4511:testosterone
4503:blood doping
4492:admitted in
4483:
4471:testosterone
4467:Floyd Landis
4448:
4436:saddle sores
4426:
4420:
4408:David Millar
4368:transfusions
4364:blood doping
4357:
4345:testosterone
4322:
4314:Mont Ventoux
4307:
4302:
4296:
4266:
4247:
4191:
4179:
4170:
4163:
4159:
4157:
4152:
4141:Vive Le Tour
4140:
4139:
4135:
4127:
4125:
4118:
4106:Wired to Win
4105:
4104:
4095:
4091:
4087:
4084:Team Telekom
4077:
4073:
4071:
4064:
4060:
4054:
4046:
4036:
4034:
4029:
4025:Grand DĂ©part
4023:
4013:
3999:
3992:
3982:
3975:
3963:
3959:
3955:
3953:
3943:
3941:
3937:
3922:
3920:
3905:
3902:
3878:
3847:
3823:Pete Shelley
3808:
3800:
3786:
3783:
3759:
3752:
3737:
3733:
3727:
3725:
3720:
3716:
3714:
3711:Broadcasting
3689:
3670:
3651:
3632:
3613:
3594:
3575:
3556:
3537:
3518:
3499:
3480:
3477:, Luxembourg
3461:
3442:
3423:
3404:
3401:, Luxembourg
3385:
3366:
3347:
3328:
3309:
3290:
3271:
3252:
3233:
3214:
3208:
3189:
3157:
3123:
3114:East Germany
3104:in 1980, in
3100:in 1965, in
3090:Maginot Line
3078:
3059:
3041:
3037:
3013:
3005:
2982:
2979:
2971:Grand DĂ©part
2968:
2929:Mont Ventoux
2909:
2906:with outline
2886:
2857:
2846:
2817:
2815:
2781:
2762:
2750:
2744:
2727:
2725:
2697:
2689:
2681:
2655:
2649:
2647:
2635:
2628:
2600:
2595:
2591:
2587:
2580:
2578:
2569:
2552:
2524:Andy Schleck
2495:1975 edition
2492:
2480:
2471:White Jersey
2469:wearing the
2217:
2201:
2193:
2189:
2178:
2142:green jersey
1919:
1908:
1903:
1900:best climber
1895:
1884:1933 edition
1881:
1820:
1814:
1798:
1754:
1707:
1688:
1653:
1640:
1611:Chris Froome
1601:
1592:Andy Schleck
1577:
1569:Chris Froome
1555:Chris Froome
1536:
1511:Roger Legeay
1486:
1474:Andy Schleck
1463:Floyd Landis
1418:
1390:
1343:
1319:
1297:Amaury Group
1292:
1280:
1274:
1252:
1240:Eastern Bloc
1216:
1191:1987 edition
1188:
1145:
1104:
1057:
1028:
1023:
1015:
986:
946:
942:Fausto Coppi
931:
914:
907:Green Jersey
900:
890:
882:
878:
874:
870:
866:
862:
858:
854:
850:
845:
843:
813:
794:
779:
761:
758:
738:
723:
719:
714:
707:
697:
696:
688:
673:
668:
662:
653:
648:Leon Georget
618:
614:
613:
596:
592:
570:
564:
562:
466:was held in
453:
425:
401:
382:
376:
370:
354:bicycle race
340:
338:
303:
71:Race details
53:
39:
13411:Continental
13329:Universiade
13299:Asian Games
12708:UCI ProTour
12399:GĂ©o LefĂšvre
12269:final stage
12262:1975â2023:
12256:1968â1974:
12250:1903â1967:
12206:1989â2006:
12190:1962â1986:
12184:1936â1961:
12178:1903â1935:
12124:Combination
12085:Combativity
11948:("Jerseys")
10571:15 February
10545:15 February
10539:CyclingTips
10519:15 February
10493:15 February
10467:15 February
10442:15 February
10420:15 February
10394:15 February
10368:28 February
9678:Cyclingnews
9411:CyclingNews
8192:23 February
8040:23 February
8008:France Bleu
7983:CyclingNews
7940:26 November
7917:26 November
7883:26 November
7667:(in French)
6494:28 December
6361:Goddet 1991
5994:Goddet 1991
5963:Goddet 1991
5924:15 February
5895:30 December
5486:From 2022,
5457:these races
5368:Greg LeMond
5118:Eddy Merckx
5041:(FRA), and
5035:Eddy Merckx
4937:Eddy Merckx
4922:Jan Ullrich
4893:Greg LeMond
4825:Jan Janssen
4806:Eddy Merckx
4779:Wittelsheim
4765:Ginasservis
4710:Tom Simpson
4668:Tom Simpson
4568:clenbuterol
4490:Bjarne Riis
4459:Jan Ullrich
4318:amphetamine
4310:Tom Simpson
4145:Louis Malle
4114:Baden Cooke
4108:chronicles
4088:Black Rider
4051:Jorgen Leth
4043:Jean Stelli
4006:letterpress
3962:(1936) and
3804:France Info
3532:Monte Carlo
3380:West Berlin
3106:West Berlin
2950:Val-d'IsĂšre
2925:Puy de DĂŽme
2912:Alpe d'Huez
2904:Alpe d'Huez
2889:Greg LeMond
2868:. In 1987,
2802:riding the
2791:Time trials
2620:Greg LeMond
2532:Egan Bernal
2508:Jan Ullrich
2197:Peter Sagan
2185:Fritz SchÀr
2138:Peter Sagan
1839:Eddy Merckx
1831:Eddy Merckx
1734:Eddy Merckx
1684:Eddy Merckx
1654:Due to the
1619:Egan Bernal
1543:Cadel Evans
1476:(left) and
1440:story when
1419:During the
1405:Jan Ullrich
1397:Bjarne Riis
1382:Luz Ardiden
1380:(1989) and
1366:Eddy Merckx
1176:Greg LeMond
1070:twice, the
1060:Eddy Merckx
1004:Charly Gaul
976:(left) and
889:. However,
717:: THE END.
623:GĂ©o LefĂšvre
358:Grand Tours
304:5 wins each
251:Eddy Merckx
111:Competition
97:(in French)
13462:Categories
13432:Race stage
13401:WorldTeams
13183:Grand Tour
12904:ParisâNice
12578:GT winners
12419:Grand Tour
12404:Didi Senft
11054:. London:
10954:. London:
10927:. London:
10919:Moore, Tim
10770:. London:
10246:. TI Media
9762:26 October
9740:22 October
9684:6 February
9528:4 November
9506:7 November
9265:31 January
9208:Moore 2011
8806:Imaginaire
8759:4 November
8646:SVG Europe
8525:6 December
8080:4 November
7936:. VeloNews
6953:ESPN.co.uk
6548:Masso 2003
6443:Masso 2003
6298:Masso 2003
6223:Seray 2000
6170:Seray 2000
6158:Seray 2000
6134:Seray 2000
6108:1552977366
5653:References
4821:Jean Robic
4740:Alex Virot
4678:, aged 29.
4656:See also:
4606:affidavits
4494:Copenhagen
4486:Erik Zabel
4463:Ivan Basso
4325:Willy Voet
4289:chloroform
4281:strychnine
4279:they used
4211:See also:
4194:criteriums
4096:Overcoming
4074:Höllentour
4047:Les Cracks
4041:(1949) by
4010:metal type
3970:composed "
3929:Phalsbourg
3789:Eurocopter
3764:president
3665:Copenhagen
3627:DĂŒsseldorf
3110:DĂŒsseldorf
2784:mass-start
1898:(English:
1770:See also:
1598:Since 2012
1438:Cinderella
1224:Sean Kelly
1179:supporting
1123:Jens Voigt
1092:Luis Ocaña
972:(centre),
932:Twice, in
478:See also:
389:World Wars
185:1903-07-01
103:Discipline
13437:Criterium
13217:Monuments
12165:Directors
12019:Mountains
10979:. Paris:
10921:(2011) .
10913:. Chiron.
10772:Routledge
10745:. Paris:
10671:(2001) .
9940:18 August
9854:Eurosport
9260:0362-4331
9022:17 August
8672:MediaPost
8626:2 January
8574:2 January
8242:4 October
7052:. Outside
6980:USA Today
6879:0261-3077
6845:0882-7729
6817:18 August
6707:Cyclismas
5523:Singapore
5057:Editions
4967:with 22,
4451:2006 Tour
4434:to treat
4267:In 1924,
4256:and used
4032:posters.
3968:Kraftwerk
3895:climbing
3872:acquired
3850:broadcast
3819:Channel 4
3771:Antenne 2
3762:socialist
3667:, Denmark
3648:, Belgium
3629:, Germany
3572:, Belgium
3551:Rotterdam
3496:, Belgium
3458:, Ireland
3437:Den Bosch
3342:Frankfurt
3306:, Belgium
3304:Charleroi
3285:The Hague
3249:, Belgium
3228:Amsterdam
3102:Frankfurt
2954:Sestriere
2891:overtook
2568:with the
1810:1904 race
1660:2020 Tour
1450:Sestriere
1444:survivor
1415:1998â2011
1378:Cauterets
1271:1988â1997
1236:1983 Tour
1054:1969â1987
994:and from
891:L'Ăquipe'
844:In 1944,
826:1947â1969
704:1904â1939
665:Montgeron
605:velodrome
129:Organiser
13368:European
12889:UAE Tour
12609:See also
10792:(1991).
10739:(2011).
10699:(1996).
9859:Archived
9292:L'Ăquipe
9091:VeloNews
9070:VeloNews
8869:Archived
8709:2 August
8651:31 March
8551:31 March
8311:3 August
8301:Velonews
7681:cite web
7532:BBC H2G2
7372:23 March
7343:3 August
7294:Archived
7114:1 August
7033:15 April
6884:26 March
6850:26 March
6652:27 March
6340:L'Ăquipe
5766:6 August
5741:6 August
5687:Archived
5446:cyclists
4758:Dordogne
4591:Xipamide
4541:Stage 10
4427:L'Ăquipe
4331:for the
4329:soigneur
4100:Team CSC
3958:(1932),
3933:Lorraine
3703:Florence
3646:Brussels
3534:, Monaco
3247:Brussels
3056:Politics
2983:L'Ăquipe
2858:de facto
2818:prologue
2594:created
2506:(1983),
1656:COVID-19
1603:Team Sky
1559:Anquetil
1401:Hautacam
1386:Pyrenees
1328:won the
1293:L'Ăquipe
1281:L'Ăquipe
883:L'Ăquipe
879:L'Ăquipe
863:L'Ăquipe
851:L'Ăquipe
742:Pyrenees
406:and the
404:Pyrenees
384:L'Ăquipe
364:and the
13373:Oceania
13358:African
12690:Seasons
12223:Women's
11975:General
11955:Current
11918:By year
11252:By year
10623:17 July
10597:17 July
10415:Reuters
10329:18 July
10307:18 July
10223:18 July
10175:23 July
10143:23 July
10113:23 July
10083:23 July
10035:18 July
9706:28 July
9580:18 July
9554:18 July
9484:18 July
9390:30 June
9364:29 June
9193:18 July
9048:29 June
8995:29 June
8965:11 July
8462:17 July
8432:17 July
8331:Reuters
7833:30 July
7808:30 July
7776:30 July
7750:27 July
7711:26 July
7671:26 July
7659:Mart1.
7644:26 July
7638:Rouleur
7618:18 July
7490:Road.cc
7321:30 July
7250:18 July
7210:18 July
7056:30 June
7006:Reuters
6614:28 July
6583:28 July
6401:18 July
5848:21 July
5822:30 July
5792:30 July
5715:30 July
5693:30 July
5511:Saitama
5037:(BEL),
5033:(FRA),
5005:in the
4996:Utrecht
4947:), and
4889:peloton
4772:Retjons
4543:winner
4404:Cofidis
4339:(EPO),
4333:Festina
4293:aspirin
4285:cocaine
4273:Charles
4254:alcohol
4172:Netflix
4112:riders
3884:Culture
3870:Comcast
3858:Peacock
3852:by the
3705:, Italy
3686:, Spain
3608:Utrecht
3420:, Spain
3266:Cologne
3204:Utrecht
3130:Corsica
3128:except
3120:Corsica
3098:Cologne
3083:in the
3017:Cinzano
2985:in the
2809:of the
2804:stage 9
2622:at the
2497:, with
2473:at the
2215:brand.
2144:at the
2140:in the
1617:before
1571:at the
1313:at the
1139:at the
1119:peloton
650:(1903).
619:L'Auto'
607:at the
597:Le VĂ©lo
593:Le VĂ©lo
566:Le VĂ©lo
559:Origins
474:History
183: (
170:History
156:.letour
13425:Events
13058:Former
12872:Active
12351:Doping
12275:2024:
12145:
12141:
12126:
12122:
12110:Former
11997:Points
11172:
11153:
11132:
11111:
11083:
11062:
11037:
11008:
10987:
10962:
10935:
10896:
10875:
10854:
10833:
10806:
10778:
10753:
10724:
10685:
10653:
10281:4 July
10250:4 July
10197:8 July
10007:
9980:
9658:7 July
9632:7 July
9606:7 July
9438:26 May
9416:27 May
9330:27 May
9304:27 May
9258:
9231:27 May
9116:21 May
8937:27 May
8682:10 May
8499:9 July
8448:"News"
8337:13 May
8279:
8131:
7988:27 May
7962:27 May
7908:
7538:9 July
7500:9 July
7430:5 July
7404:6 July
6959:26 May
6877:
6843:
6766:18 May
6105:
5608:France
5406:
5401:
5370:
5365:
5334:
5329:
5298:
5293:
5255:
5250:
5208:
5203:
5164:
5159:
5120:
5115:
5076:
5071:
4652:Deaths
4477:, and
4250:doping
4231:, and
4201:Doping
4178:named
3944:L'Auto
3815:rights
3721:L'Auto
3717:L'Auto
3684:Bilbao
3513:London
3456:Dublin
3323:Leiden
3009:Menier
2759:Stages
2722:Trophy
2684:francs
2666:Prizes
2660:saddle
2538:) and
2502:year:
2218:As of
1904:L'Auto
1845:, and
1822:L'Auto
1643:) and
1523:return
1457:, the
1442:cancer
871:Sports
855:Sports
846:L'Auto
801:Alcyon
780:Until
752:until
715:L'Auto
698:L'Auto
669:L'Auto
615:L'Auto
583:, and
572:L'Auto
449:sprint
378:L'Auto
326:
321:
293:
288:
273:
268:
253:
248:
233:
228:
207:
202:
84:Region
35:Latour
13363:Asian
13160:women
12865:Races
12478:Races
12286:Lists
12172:Men's
11920:women
10325:. AMD
10169:(PDF)
10162:(PDF)
8735:(PDF)
8728:(PDF)
8600:7 May
7802:(PDF)
7795:(PDF)
7398:(PDF)
7391:(PDF)
7297:(PDF)
7290:(PDF)
6811:(PDF)
6800:(PDF)
5889:(PDF)
5882:(PDF)
5529:Notes
5515:Japan
5054:Rider
4444:USADA
4258:ether
3748:Nancy
3589:Leeds
3570:LiĂšge
3494:LiĂšge
3361:Basel
2948:from
2746:Ć koda
2676:euros
2273:15th
2213:Ć koda
1641:right
1629:win.
1584:USADA
1166:. In
12856:2023
12851:2022
12846:2021
12841:2020
12836:2019
12831:2018
12826:2017
12821:2016
12816:2015
12811:2014
12806:2013
12801:2012
12796:2011
12778:2024
12773:2023
12768:2022
12763:2021
12758:2020
12753:2019
12748:2018
12743:2017
12738:2016
12733:2015
12728:2014
12723:2013
12718:2012
12713:2011
12194:and
12063:Team
11937:2024
11932:2023
11927:2022
11908:2025
11902:2024
11897:2023
11892:2022
11887:2021
11882:2020
11877:2019
11872:2018
11867:2017
11862:2016
11857:2015
11852:2014
11847:2013
11842:2012
11837:2011
11832:2010
11827:2009
11822:2008
11817:2007
11812:2006
11807:2005
11802:2004
11797:2003
11792:2002
11787:2001
11782:2000
11777:1999
11772:1998
11767:1997
11762:1996
11757:1995
11752:1994
11747:1993
11742:1992
11737:1991
11732:1990
11727:1989
11722:1988
11717:1987
11712:1986
11707:1985
11702:1984
11697:1983
11692:1982
11687:1981
11682:1980
11677:1979
11672:1978
11667:1977
11662:1976
11657:1975
11652:1974
11647:1973
11642:1972
11637:1971
11632:1970
11627:1969
11622:1968
11617:1967
11612:1966
11607:1965
11602:1964
11597:1963
11592:1962
11587:1961
11582:1960
11577:1959
11572:1958
11567:1957
11562:1956
11557:1955
11552:1954
11547:1953
11542:1952
11537:1951
11532:1950
11527:1949
11522:1948
11517:1947
11510:1946
11501:1945
11492:1944
11483:1943
11474:1942
11465:1941
11456:1940
11449:1939
11444:1938
11439:1937
11434:1936
11429:1935
11424:1934
11419:1933
11414:1932
11409:1931
11404:1930
11399:1929
11394:1928
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