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corona, make relative age dating very difficult for scientists. However, using cross cutting relationships obtained from the radar data received from the missions to Venus has allowed scientists to draw complex correlations. The unique tessera terrain, which is interpreted to be a deformation product of the high regional stresses on Venus, is the oldest type of terrain found in the Lada Terra Region. The extensional belts and several corona, including the
Quetzalpetlatl Corona, are observed to be cutting across the tessera terrain, implying these structures to be formed after this heavily deformed material. The extensional belts in some areas cross cut the corona whereas the corona embay the extensional belts in other areas, implying a coevolution of the two. As a result,
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266:. Because the nearby Lada Rise is speculated to be an area of mantle upwelling, models predict this could create a zone of weakness between these two convection cells which stretches the lithosphere, thus creating the rift zone. Associated with the rift zone are large lava flow fields and corona. The bedding relationships between the rift zone and these volcanic structures indicate they were formed about the same time, which many interpret as lava finding a preferential route to the surface through these newly formed fractures.
352:
Quetzalpetlatl Corona. This is indicated by the
Quetzalpetlatl corona being offset with respect to the summit of the Lada Rise, or in other words, the corona is tilted at a different angle relative to the summit, implying the rock was tilted by the formation of the rise. Volcanism due to the formation of the Boala Corona (with its deposits cross cutting the previously mentioned structures) form the youngest lava flows observed and represents the latest episode of the evolution of the Lada Rise.
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304:(0.62–1.24 mi) above the corona floor, as well as an outer "moat" of depressed terrain which is 200–300 metres (660–980 ft) below the surrounding land. The corona is characterized by massive lava flows that cover almost 600,000 square kilometres (230,000 sq mi) of the Venusian surface, the largest lava flow extent seen on the planet to date. We can draw an analogue of this lava flow to a flow that occurred on earth, the
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139:, and volcanic plains as well as many other features that scientists use to attempt to piece together the history of this complex planet. The distinctive cross-cutting relationships found in the bedding of Lada Terra have been important in realizing relative ages of the extensional belts and coronae, as well as the complex
226:, as well as two massive rift zones surround and partially intersect the rise. The high rises of Venus generally fall into the corona-dominated or rift-dominated categories, but the Lada Rise is unique in that it contains both of these features in relatively equal amounts. In 2007, data retrieved from the
293:
The large oval feature in the lower half of the image is
Quetzalpetlatl Corona, approximately 700 km (420 miles) in diameter. Tectonic activity is largely observed in a relatively narrow rim region, which in this image is defined by a complex lineated terrain that surrounds much of the corona. Bright
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formed around the corona and began intense episodic volcanism, with the flows from these events now covering 48% of the Lada Terra region. These massive lava flows along with the suspected adjacent mantle upwelling slowly built and uplifted the Lada Rise some time after the initial formation of the
324:
Quetzalpetlatl Corona contains within itself a younger, smaller corona named Boala Corona, which is situated at the summit of Lada Rise and is speculated to have contributed partly to the vast extent of
Quetzalpetlatl Corona's massive lava flows. This corona is much different than its surrounding
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Using crater counting methods scientists have dated the surface of Venus to be between 300 and 800 million years old. This is very young when compared to a region on earth located in Canada where there are 4 billion year old rock outcrops. This, coupled with the unique and complex lava flows and
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A rift about 6,000 kilometres (3,700 mi) long and 200 kilometres (120 mi) wide, named the Alpha-Lada extensional belt, spans the northwestern edge of Lada Terra separating the relatively high lands of Lada Terra from the broad lowlands of
Lavinia Planitia. The Lavinia Planitia basin is
303:
and Heng-O Corona, and lies on the Lada Rise, with part of the corona intersecting the
Ammavuro-Quetzalpetlatl belt in the northwestern region of Lada Terra. The corona consists of a raised inner region surrounded by the lower-lying "corona floor," with an elevated ridge about 1–2 kilometres
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A second rift, named the
Ammavuro–Quetzalpetlatl extensional belt, is a 2,000 kilometres (1,200 mi) long and 300 kilometres (190 mi) wide rift which lies in the northeast region of Lada Terra. These two massive rifts intersect in the northern region of Lada Terra, and the observed
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Lada Terra has a diameter of 8,615 kilometres (5,353 mi). and covers most of the south pole region on Venus. The region consists of heavily deformed terrains indicating crustal deformation processes affecting the area in the past. The lowlands are much smoother terrain with very little
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The western portion of Lada Terra contains a large dome-shaped structure about 2,000 kilometres (1,200 mi) across termed, "the Lada Rise," which is the main highland of the region. It reaches an elevation of about 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) and is dominated by one of the most massive
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companion, with the smaller of the two featuring a shallow depression surrounded by a gently sloping ridge (the opposite of
Quetzalpetlatl Corona). The lava flows produced by the shield volcanoes at its base, as well as most flows observed on Venus to date, seem to preferentially produce
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and dark volcanic flows are seen throughout the corona and surrounding terrain. Small shield volcanoes, 1-20 km (0.6-12 miles) in diameter, are seen near the southern limit. Narrow linear troughs (seen in the image as bright lines) trend to the north-northwest of
Quetzalpetlatl.
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deformation, which scientists postulate to be relatively young lava flow remnants. The most prominent region is the midlands, where gently sloping topography is disrupted by faults, fractures, and corona, making this area the most complex and studied region in Lada Terra.
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analogous to the Hawaii hot spot on Earth. This, along with the positive gravity anomaly observed, implies a recently active region. Further evidence is observed in the Boala Corona (which lies inside, and postdates the
Quetzalpetlatl Corona), where the
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Outflow channels on Lada Terra, outlined in red with youngest flow extent depicted as the yellow dashed lines. The channel is about 20 kilometers wide. Lada Terra, southern hemisphere of Venus. Background image provided by
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Unlike most coronae on the planet, which are about 200 kilometres (120 mi) in diameter, Quetzalpetlatl Corona has a diameter of about 800 kilometres (500 mi). It is the third most massive corona after
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on Earth, as there are no apparent oceans on Venus. The term here applies to a substantial portion of land that lies above the average planetary radius, and corresponds to highlands.
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Head, James W.; Magee, Kari P. (1995). "The role of rifting in the generation of melt: Implications for the origin and evolution of the Lada Terra-Lavinia Planitia region of Venus".
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Campbell, Donald; Carter, Lynn; Kratter, Kaitlin (2007). "An expanded view of Lada Terra, Venus: NewArecibo radar observations of Quetzalpetlatl Corona and surrounding flows".
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deformation of the two extensional belts seems to have occurred at the same time, although the larger Alpha-Lada rift most likely continued to be deformed for a longer period.
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igneous province in India. Compared to other corona on Venus, Quetzalpetlatl Corona not only exhibits the most massive lava flow, but is also composed of lava of relatively
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composition as revealed by the variations in brightness using radar backscatter imaging. This is in contrast with most coronae on Venus, which exhibit lava flows of a more
189:. The Quetzalpetlatl Corona is in red and the Boala Corona in yellow. The Alpha-Lada belt is depicted as the jagged light blue line. Background image courtesy of NASA/JPL
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revealed the largest outflow channel system on the planet located in the northern region of Lada Terra. Although Lada Terra is generally considered a
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Baer, G.; Schubert, G.; Bindschadler, D.L. (1992). "Spatial and Temporal Relationships between Corona and Extensional Belts, Northern Lada Terra".
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Head, J.; Parker, T.; Komatsu, G.; Baker, V.; Gulick, V.; Saunders, R.; Weitz, C. (1991). "An Outflow Channel in Lada Terra, Venus".
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553:"The Lada Terra rise and Quetzalpetlatl Corona: A region of long-lived mantle upwelling and recent volcanic activity on Venus"
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are the other significant terrae of the planet, located near the northern polar region and the equator, respectively.
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formed in the depression of the Corona are interpreted to be surface manifestations of terrestrial dikes. The mantle
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which is centered at 60°S and 20°E and has a diameter of 8,615 kilometres (5,353 mi). It is defined by the
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associated with hot spot tectonism appears to be the dominant process which formed and evolved the Lada Rise.
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686:"EVOLUTION OF THREE LARGEST CORONAE ON VENUS, HENG-O, QUETZALPETLATL, AND ARTEMIS: PRELIMINARY RESULTS"
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A view of the southern hemisphere of Venus. V-56 Quadrangle bordered by the black dashed lines. The
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is outlined in red and the inner Boala Corona in yellow. Background image provided by NASA/JPL.
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nature. The latter are interpreted as lava flows originating from very distinct source(s).
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Expanded view of Lada Terra. Black dashed line bounds Lada Terra while the white encloses
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mission using the Visible and Infrared Thermal Imaging Spectrometer revealed high
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of Venus, the topography is much lower-lying than its northern counterparts
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Lada Terra is one of eight distinct regions on the surface of
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anomalies which is interpreted by many scientists to be a
453:"Geologic Map of the Lada Terra Quadrangle (V–56), Venus"
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124:, of Venus. The term "landmass" is not analogous to the
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410:"Planetary Names: Terra, terrae: Lada Terra on Venus"
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131:The broad region of Lada Terra contains massive
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509:"GEOLOGICAL EVOLUTION OF LADA TERRA, VENUS"
395:. Bristol: Institute of Physics Publishing.
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414:Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature: Venus
393:Encyclopedia of Astronomy and Astrophysics
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590:"Lada Terra: A 'new' hotspot on Venus"
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588:Brown, N.; Smrekar, S.E. (2012).
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624:Journal of Geophysical Research
507:Kumar, Senthil; Head, James W.
451:Kumar, Senthil; Head, James W.
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143:features present planet-wide.
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793:The Surface Features of Venus
753:"Age of the Surface of Venus"
516:Lunar and Planetary Institute
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2024:Artificial objects on Venus
2019:Geological mapping of Venus
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342:Stratigraphic relationships
253:Alpha-Lada Extensional Belt
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165:Lada Terra is named after
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33:Quetzalpetlatl Corona
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606:2012AGUFM.P11D1846S
560:planetary.brown.edu
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2140:
2129:
2126:
2125:
2123:
2108:
2104:
2100:
2098:
2090:
2089:
2086:
2080:
2077:
2075:
2072:
2070:
2067:
2065:
2062:
2060:
2057:
2055:
2052:
2050:
2047:
2045:
2042:
2041:
2039:
2035:
2025:
2022:
2020:
2017:
2016:
2014:
2010:
2004:
2001:
1998:
1995:
1993:
1990:
1989:
1987:
1981:
1975:
1972:
1970:
1967:
1965:
1962:
1960:
1957:
1955:
1952:
1950:
1947:
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1941:
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1929:
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1921:
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1911:
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1903:
1899:
1893:
1892:
1888:
1886:
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1878:
1874:
1868:
1867:Venus Express
1865:
1863:
1862:
1858:
1856:
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1849:
1846:
1844:
1843:
1839:
1837:
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1832:
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1829:
1825:
1821:
1818:
1816:
1813:
1812:
1811:
1808:
1803:
1800:
1797:
1794:
1793:
1792:
1791:Pioneer Venus
1789:
1785:
1782:
1781:
1780:
1777:
1773:
1772:
1768:
1766:
1765:
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1653:
1650:
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1601:
1600:
1597:
1596:
1594:
1590:
1587:
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1571:
1568:
1566:
1565:Venus trojans
1563:
1561:
1558:
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1549:
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1540:
1538:
1535:
1533:
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1523:
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1505:
1501:
1495:
1492:
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1487:
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1479:
1475:
1472:
1468:
1458:
1455:
1453:
1450:
1448:
1445:
1443:
1440:
1438:
1435:
1434:
1432:
1428:
1422:
1419:
1417:
1414:
1412:
1409:
1407:
1404:
1402:
1399:
1397:
1394:
1392:
1389:
1387:
1384:
1382:
1379:
1377:
1374:
1372:
1369:
1367:
1364:
1362:
1361:Maria Celeste
1359:
1357:
1354:
1352:
1349:
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1344:
1342:
1339:
1337:
1334:
1332:
1329:
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1324:
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1317:
1314:
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1309:
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1299:
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1259:
1257:
1254:
1253:
1251:
1249:
1245:
1239:
1236:
1234:
1231:
1229:
1228:Devana Chasma
1226:
1224:
1221:
1219:
1218:Baltis Vallis
1216:
1214:
1211:
1209:
1206:
1205:
1203:
1201:
1196:
1192:
1186:
1183:
1181:
1178:
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1168:
1163:
1159:
1153:
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1135:
1133:
1130:
1128:
1125:
1123:
1120:
1118:
1115:
1113:
1110:
1108:
1105:
1103:
1100:
1098:
1095:
1093:
1090:
1088:
1085:
1083:
1080:
1078:
1075:
1073:
1072:Onatah Corona
1070:
1068:
1065:
1063:
1060:
1058:
1055:
1053:
1052:Jaszai Patera
1050:
1048:
1045:
1043:
1040:
1038:
1035:
1033:
1032:Heng-o Corona
1030:
1028:
1025:
1023:
1020:
1018:
1015:
1013:
1010:
1008:
1005:
1003:
1002:Baʽhet Corona
1000:
998:
995:
993:
990:
988:
985:
983:
980:
979:
977:
975:
969:
965:
955:
952:
950:
947:
945:
942:
941:
939:
937:
933:
927:
924:
922:
919:
917:
916:Asteria Regio
914:
912:
909:
908:
906:
902:
899:
895:
889:
886:
884:
881:
879:
876:
874:
871:
869:
866:
865:
863:
859:
856:
852:
846:
843:
842:
839:
835:
828:
823:
821:
816:
814:
809:
808:
805:
799:
796:
794:
791:
789:
786:
785:
765:
761:
754:
747:
739:
735:
731:
727:
720:
718:
716:
714:
712:
710:
694:
687:
680:
678:
676:
667:
663:
659:
655:
648:
646:
637:
633:
629:
625:
618:
616:
607:
603:
600:: P11D–1846.
599:
595:
591:
584:
565:
561:
554:
547:
545:
543:
541:
539:
537:
535:
533:
517:
510:
503:
495:
491:
487:
483:
476:
461:
454:
447:
445:
443:
441:
439:
437:
435:
419:
415:
411:
405:
403:
394:
387:
383:
373:
370:
368:
365:
363:
360:
359:
353:
350:
334:
330:
328:
317:
315:
314:heterogeneous
311:
307:
302:
291:
286:
276:
267:
265:
261:
250:
248:
244:
239:
235:
231:
230:
229:Venus Express
225:
221:
210:
206:
204:
200:
196:
188:
183:
174:
172:
168:
163:
161:
157:
153:
149:
144:
142:
138:
134:
129:
127:
123:
119:
115:
111:
107:
99:
96:
92:
88:
84:
79:
51:
47:
43:
39:
34:
28:
23:
2003:Terraforming
1992:Colonization
1974:Shukrayaan-1
1889:
1882:
1859:
1852:
1840:
1833:
1826:
1810:Vega program
1779:Zond program
1769:
1762:
1755:
1748:
1642:Venera 1964A
1238:Ganis Chasma
1233:Diana Chasma
1107:Sachs Patera
1092:Pancake dome
1022:Fotla Corona
1007:Boala Corona
953:
949:Ishtar Terra
767:. Retrieved
759:
746:
729:
725:
696:. Retrieved
693:lpi.usra.edu
692:
657:
653:
627:
623:
597:
593:
583:
571:. Retrieved
564:the original
559:
519:. Retrieved
515:
502:
485:
481:
475:
463:. Retrieved
459:
421:. Retrieved
413:
392:
386:
372:Ishtar Terra
345:
323:
320:Boala Corona
306:Deccan Traps
297:
273:
256:
227:
216:
207:
199:Ishtar Terra
192:
164:
156:Ishtar Terra
146:In 1990 the
145:
130:
105:
104:
41:Feature type
1891:BepiColombo
1584:Exploration
1437:Geodynamics
1421:Yablochkina
1223:Dali Chasma
1147:Zisa Corona
1097:Renpet Mons
1047:Irnini Mons
1037:Iaso Tholus
987:Akna Montes
982:Abeona Mons
911:Alpha Regio
878:Dune fields
769:28 February
698:16 February
573:16 February
521:16 February
465:14 February
310:homogeneous
264:lithosphere
260:downwelling
73: /
49:Coordinates
2079:Phosphorus
2054:In fiction
2049:In culture
1771:Mariner 10
1697:Kosmos 482
1672:Kosmos 167
1632:Sputnik 21
1627:Sputnik 20
1622:Sputnik 19
1457:Venusquake
1452:Venus snow
1381:Merit Ptah
1316:De Lalande
1142:Ushas Mons
1137:Theia Mons
1132:Skadi Mons
1112:Sapas Mons
1042:Idunn Mons
992:Anala Mons
954:Lada Terra
926:Ovda Regio
921:Beta Regio
873:Atmosphere
378:References
234:emissivity
137:rift zones
106:Lada Terra
20:Lada Terra
2069:Mythology
2044:Cytherean
1854:MESSENGER
1764:Mariner 5
1757:Mariner 2
1750:Mariner 1
1737:Venera 16
1732:Venera 15
1727:Venera 14
1722:Venera 13
1717:Venera 12
1712:Venera 11
1707:Venera 10
1662:Kosmos 96
1647:Kosmos 27
1637:Kosmos 21
1604:Sputnik 7
1552:Asteroids
1470:Astronomy
1386:Mona Lisa
1331:Golubkina
1321:Dickinson
1301:Cleopatra
1077:Ozza Mons
1057:Maat Mons
1027:Gula Mons
1017:Fand Mons
974:volcanoes
968:Mountains
868:Arachnoid
854:Geography
247:upwelling
213:Lada Rise
70:60°S 20°E
2122:Category
2097:Category
2059:Hesperus
1983:Proposed
1937:Proposed
1923:Venera-D
1913:EnVision
1884:Akatsuki
1828:Magellan
1702:Venera 9
1692:Venera 8
1687:Venera 7
1682:Venera 6
1677:Venera 5
1667:Venera 4
1657:Venera 3
1652:Venera 2
1617:Venera 1
1613:program
1504:Transits
1416:Wheatley
1406:Stefania
1351:Isabella
1346:Guilbert
1311:Danilova
1167:plateaus
1127:Sif Mons
883:Features
630:: 1527.
488:: 1035.
460:USGS.gov
423:28 March
356:See also
337:NASA/JPL
327:pahoehoe
177:Features
152:highland
141:tesserae
126:landmass
89:8,615 km
86:Diameter
44:Highland
2037:Related
1999:(flyby)
1918:VERITAS
1908:DAVINCI
1901:Planned
1876:Current
1861:Shin'en
1835:Galileo
1484:Aspects
1477:General
1442:Geology
1391:Nanichi
1376:Meitner
1341:Gregory
1281:Aurelia
1276:Ariadne
1248:Craters
1200:valleys
1195:Canyons
897:Regions
861:General
662:Bibcode
602:Bibcode
490:Bibcode
243:grabens
238:hotspot
133:coronae
75:-60; 20
2107:Portal
1985:crewed
1959:VISAGE
1848:IKAROS
1820:Vega 2
1815:Vega 1
1784:Zond 1
1611:Venera
1570:Zoozve
1494:Phases
1366:Mariko
1356:Jeanne
1336:Grimke
1306:Cunitz
1291:Barton
1271:Alcott
1266:Agnesi
1261:Adivar
1256:Addams
1162:Plains
936:Terrae
660:: 53.
220:corona
171:Slavic
169:, the
122:terrae
94:Eponym
2012:Other
1489:Orbit
1430:Other
1411:Wanda
1396:Riley
1286:Balch
904:Regio
834:Venus
756:(PDF)
689:(PDF)
567:(PDF)
556:(PDF)
512:(PDF)
456:(PDF)
195:Venus
114:Venus
2064:Life
1964:VICI
1954:VISE
1949:VAMP
1592:Past
1542:2012
1537:2004
1532:1882
1527:1874
1522:1769
1517:1761
1512:1639
1401:Ruth
1371:Mead
1296:Buck
771:2015
700:2015
598:2012
575:2015
523:2015
467:2015
425:2015
201:and
167:Lada
158:and
98:Lada
61:20°E
58:60°S
1969:VOX
1197:and
1164:and
971:and
734:doi
730:112
632:doi
628:100
162:.
2124::
762:.
758:.
732:.
728:.
708:^
691:.
674:^
658:23
656:.
644:^
626:.
614:^
596:.
592:.
558:.
531:^
514:.
486:22
484:.
458:.
433:^
416:.
412:.
401:^
197:.
135:,
826:e
819:t
812:v
773:.
740:.
736::
702:.
668:.
664::
638:.
634::
608:.
604::
577:.
525:.
496:.
492::
469:.
427:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
