1014:
31:
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525:
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390:
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865:
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638:
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479:
904:
92:
829:
676:
841:
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50:
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501:(SVL), and weigh up to 14 kg (30 lb). The male reaches sexual maturity when it has a SVL of 41.5 cm. Females are generally smaller than males, with a maximum SVL of 57.5 cm, and becoming sexually mature at a SVL of 38.5 cm. The tail is long and slender and about 1.5 times the length of the head and body. The tail is cylindrical at its base, but becomes laterally compressed towards the tip.
592:
767:. Previously, bites inflicted by monitors were thought to be prone to infection because of bacteria in their mouths, but the researchers showed that the immediate effects were more likely caused by envenomation. Bites on the hand by lace monitors have been observed to cause swelling within minutes, localised disruption of blood clotting, and shooting pain up to the elbow, which can often last for several hours.
700:, small mammals, birds, with eggs and young birds and mammals making up a larger part of their diet in spring and early summer. Lace monitors search for food on the ground, retreating to a nearby tree if disturbed. They also forage in areas inhabited by people, raiding chicken coops for poultry and eggs, and rummaging through unprotected domestic garbage bags and rubbish bins in picnic and recreational areas.
853:
1033:
726:
The species (particularly larger individuals) declined in numbers when the species encountered the advancing cane toad; however, lace monitors were abundant in some areas where cane toads had been established for many years. Fieldwork published in 2016 found that larger individuals were less cautious
707:
As they often swallow meat whole, they can be at risk of harm from some meat scraps; one was reported with a T-bone steak bone stuck in its throat and another with a plastic fork in its stomach. Another swallowed six golf balls that a chicken owner had placed in their coop to prompt their chickens to
539:
Lace monitors are found in two forms. The main form is dark grey to dull bluish-black with numerous, scattered, cream-coloured spots. The head is black and the snout is marked with prominent black and yellow bands extending under the chin and neck. The tail has narrow black and cream bands, which are
683:
Females lay an average of eight eggs in active termite nests either on the ground or in the trees, although they may lay as many as 12 eggs. When such nests are in short supply, females often fight over them or lay the eggs in burrows and perhaps hollow logs. The eggs overwinter to hatch 6–7 months
652:
Despite its large size and mass, the lace monitor is an adept climber. One was recorded climbing a brick wall to seek shelter in a thunderstorm. Young lace monitors are even more arboreal than adults. They often spend most of their adult lives in the same area; one individual was recorded living in
703:
A 2012 study in
Gippsland found that populations of lace monitors near two rubbish tips were thirty five times greater, with individuals around twice as heavy, as populations in natural forest. The lizards near rubbish tips foraged predominantly on food waste there, with a greater caloric intake.
1035:
1040:
1038:
1034:
1039:
795:
biologist
Kenneth V. Kardong and toxicologists Scott A. Weinstein and Tamara L. Smith, have cautioned that labelling these species as venomous oversimplifies the diversity of oral secretions in reptiles, and overestimates the medical risk of bite victims.
1037:
684:
later. Hatchlings remain around the nest for about a week or more before leaving its vicinity. Females may return to the same termite nest to lay their next clutch of eggs. These monitors can potentially live to reach over 20 years of age.
2015:
Fry, Bryan G.; Vidal, Nicolas; Norman, Janette A.; Vonk, Freek J.; Scheib, Holger; Ramjan, S. F. Ryan; Kuruppu, Sanjaya; Fung, Kim; Hedges, S. Blair (16 November 2005). "Early evolution of the venom system in lizards and snakes".
704:
These populations had 5.3 males for each female, compared with 1.9 males per female in natural areas. Despite the apparent increase in population and size, the long-term effect of human impact on the species is unclear.
1917:
Jolly, Christopher J.; Shine, Richard; Greenlees, Matthew J. (2016). "The impacts of a toxic invasive prey species (The cane toad, Rhinella marina) on a vulnerable predator (The lace monitor, Varanus varius)".
1758:
Pascoe, Jack; Flesch, Jason S.; Duncan, Michael; Le Pla, Mark (2019). "Territoriality and
Seasonality in the home range of adult male free-ranging lace monitors (Varanus varius) in South-eastern Australia".
812:
ate the species' eggs, collecting them in sand on riverbanks in the Nattai and
Wollondilly. Goanna remains have been recovered in middens in what is now Sydney. The lace monitor is bred in captivity as an
671:
Male lace monitors fight each other by grappling while standing on the hind legs in the breeding season, and up to six males may gather around a receptive female to try and court her. Mating takes several
1227:
Histoire naturelle, générale et particulière, des reptiles : ouvrage faisant suite à l'Histoire naturelle générale et particulière, composée par
Leclerc de Buffon, et rédigée par C.S. Sonnini
1036:
583:
in South
Australia. It has a base colour of yellow-brown or yellow with fine black mottling and broad, black or dark brown bands from the shoulders to the tail. The top of the head is black.
773:
testing showed lace monitor mouth secretion impacts on platelet aggregation, drops blood pressure and relaxes smooth muscle; the last effect mediated by an agent with the same activity as
293:
family native to eastern
Australia. A large lizard, it can reach 2 metres (6.6 ft) in total length and 14 kilograms (31 lb) in weight. The lace monitor is considered to be a
1341:
Smissen, Peter J.; Melville, Jane; Sumner, Joanna; Jessop, Tim S. (2013). "Mountain barriers and river conduits: phylogeographical structure in a large, mobile lizard (Varanidae:
1440:
Fitch, A. J.; Goodman, A. E.; Donnellan, S. C. (2006). "A molecular phylogeny of the
Australian monitor lizards (Squamata:Varanidae) inferred from mitochondrial DNA sequences".
3177:
443:) of New Guinea. The divergence between lace monitor and Komodo dragon lineages has been calculated to have occurred around 13 million years ago, or 11.5 million years ago.
1013:
777:. Liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry found ample proteins with molecular masses of 2-4 kilodaltons (corresponding with natriuretic peptide), 15 kilodaltons (type III
540:
narrow and get wider towards the end of the tail. Juveniles have more defined and prominent banding, with five narrow black bands on the neck and eight bands on the body.
504:
Historically, it has been described as growing as much as 8 ft long. Regardless of the accuracy of these reports, lace monitors of such size likely no longer exist.
1184:
Journal of a Voyage to New South Wales, with sixty-five plates of non-descript animals, birds, lizards, serpents, curious cones of trees, and other natural productions
942:
422:
and into southeastern South
Australia. This is divided from a third clade that spans coastal eastern Australia (northern New South Wales to eastern Victoria) by the
1961:
Do ecosystems need top predators? A brief review of predator-prey imbalances in south-east
Australia with reference to tree dieback on the Mornington Peninsula
430:. This last clade is thought to have diverged from the first two clades around 2.7 million years ago, while these clades separated around 850,000 years ago.
365:"Le Varan de Bell". This turned out to be a banded colour phase of the lace monitor that coexists with normal-coloured individuals, and is either autosomal
958:
759:
Venom glands in lace monitors have been confirmed. The venom is similar to that produced by snakes but not enough to cause serious harm. In late 2005,
1391:
Vidal, N; Marin, J; Sassi, J; Battistuzzi, FU; Donnellan, S; Fitch, AJ; Fry, BG; Vonk, FJ; Rodriguez de la Vega, RC; Couloux, A; Hedges, SB (2012).
985:
970:
3081:
1807:"Demographic and Phenotypic Effects of Human Mediated Trophic Subsidy on a Large Australian Lizard (Varanus varius): Meal Ticket or Last Supper?"
930:
298:
3120:
1960:
3223:
2923:
1971:
Webb, JONATHAN K. "Observation of three dingoes killing a large lace monitor (Varanus varius)." Australian Mammalogy 19.1 (1996): 55-56.
808:; local wisdom advised eating lace monitors that came down from trees as those that had eaten on the ground tasted of rotting meat. The
2806:
1260:"A synopsis of the genera of saurian reptiles, in which some new genera are indicated, and the others reviewed by actual examination"
864:
3055:
3094:
3233:
2145:
2088:
1669:
1561:
1531:
1322:
3099:
1162:. Canberra, Australian Capital Territory: Department of the Environment, Water, Heritage and the Arts, Australian Government
3243:
2558:
2237:
1581:
1468:
1058:
3238:
1991:
1097:
660:
found that males over 5 kg ranged over home territories of 65.5 ± 10.0 hectares. They moved around much less in winter.
30:
3248:
2432:
2209:
2195:
2181:
1641:
1617:
1393:"Molecular evidence for an Asian origin of monitor lizards followed by Tertiary dispersals to Africa and Australasia"
692:
Lace monitors are predominantly carrion eaters, feeding on already dead carcasses of other wildlife. They consist of
350:
253:
3125:
1895:
782:
91:
723:, and often show injuries on their tails inflicted by male scrub turkeys pecking at them to drive them away.
657:
357:
described two specimens in 1836, one in their possession and one from the collection of English zoologist
3016:
2746:
2540:
1548:
792:
560:
524:
2658:
1111:
1088:
949:
512:
2531:
774:
727:
in what they ate, but all lace monitors quickly learned to avoid toads after they had been poisoned.
316:) in 1790. George Shaw reported that several specimens were taken back to England. French naturalist
2291:
2121:
879:
828:
2994:
2741:
2321:
2230:
903:
891:
419:
543:
The other type, known as Bell's form, is typically found in west of the Great Dividing Range from
433:
Genetic analysis of mtDNA shows the lace monitor to be the closest relative (sister taxon) of the
317:
243:
2751:
1064:
1046:
760:
556:
389:
358:
3164:
625:
They are mainly active from September to May, but are inactive in cooler weather and shelter in
3086:
2956:
2712:
2640:
2631:
2577:
2495:
2372:
2116:
918:
716:
482:
437:, with their common ancestor diverging from a lineage that gave rise to the crocodile monitor (
3112:
1312:
3159:
2339:
2330:
2312:
2076:
1259:
1019:
840:
619:
568:
498:
294:
198:
3200:
3151:
3042:
3003:
2667:
2477:
2468:
2414:
2025:
1927:
1818:
1354:
977:
870:
642:
552:
548:
544:
427:
366:
312:, the surgeon-general of New South Wales, described this species as the variegated lizard (
309:
215:
1980:
Geary, N. "Notes on the Wedge-tailed Eagle." Emu-Austral Ornithology 31.4 (1932): 288-289.
637:
8:
2849:
2595:
2441:
2396:
2223:
1686:
604:
576:
572:
418:
from a clade spanning from southern Queensland through inland New South Wales across the
39:
2029:
1931:
1822:
1358:
3008:
2450:
2405:
2057:
1943:
1841:
1806:
1662:
Australia's Reptiles: A Photographic Reference to the Terrestrial Reptiles of Australia
1487:
1417:
1392:
1370:
1001:
744:
439:
224:
86:
3021:
1151:
3146:
3029:
2676:
2649:
2486:
2205:
2191:
2177:
2151:
2141:
2084:
2049:
2041:
1896:"Goanna narrowly avoids surgery after swallowing six golf balls in chicken coop raid"
1846:
1665:
1637:
1613:
1557:
1527:
1501:
1422:
1318:
446:
The species is commonly known as lace monitor, tree goanna, or lacy. It was known as
407:
175:
1947:
1374:
3228:
3172:
3034:
2694:
2522:
2061:
2033:
1935:
1836:
1826:
1787:
1692:
1491:
1483:
1449:
1412:
1404:
1362:
1271:
1106:
1023:
852:
805:
778:
497:, the lace monitor can reach 2 m (7 ft) in total length, or 76.5 cm
343:
668:
In at least the temperate regions, the breeding season takes place in the summer.
3133:
2813:
2790:
2622:
2568:
2138:
Sydney's Aboriginal past: investigating the archaeological and historical records
1831:
608:
580:
478:
423:
403:
369:
or codominant genetically. It is sometimes called the Bell's phase lace monitor.
3190:
1778:
Guarino, Fiorenzo (2001). "Diet of a large carnivorous lizard, Varanus varius".
1290:
1225:
1198:
1182:
2703:
2604:
2459:
2423:
2387:
1522:
Weavers, Brian (2004). King, Ruth Allen; Pianka, Eric R.; King, Dennis (eds.).
1242:
564:
354:
325:
290:
257:
163:
1939:
1805:
Jessop, Tim S.; Smissen, Peter; Scheelings, Franciscus; Dempster, Tim (2012).
1275:
3217:
3107:
2979:
2799:
2721:
2504:
2155:
2045:
1685:
Royal Society of New South Wales.; Wales, Royal Society of New South (1866).
434:
59:
54:
1696:
2916:
2895:
2867:
2613:
2549:
2348:
2075:
Weinstein, Scott A.; Smith, Tamara L.; Kardong, Kenneth V. (14 July 2009).
2053:
1850:
1505:
1426:
1408:
1126:
455:
415:
339:
3138:
3068:
2988:
2909:
2902:
2881:
2874:
2685:
2363:
1496:
675:
626:
2037:
3060:
2246:
1688:
Transactions of the Philosophical society of New South Wales, 1862-1865
1230:. Vol. 3. Paris: De l'Imprimerie de F. Dufart,an X-XI. p. 72.
814:
786:
736:
712:
646:
603:
monitors are found in eastern Australia and range from Cape Bedford on
1894:
Huxley, Jennifer; Shoebridge, Joanne; Larkins, Damien (2 April 2019).
1684:
1366:
615:
and forage over long distances (up to 3 km (1.9 mi) a day).
3073:
2888:
2832:
2824:
2304:
1149:
992:
748:
490:
467:
153:
103:
2950:
1791:
1711:
1453:
2973:
2586:
2276:
2270:
2264:
1469:"Mitochondrial DNA Evidence and Evolution in Varanoidea (Squamata)"
1203:
The naturalist's miscellany, or Coloured figures of natural objects
809:
764:
720:
600:
494:
143:
123:
377:
2930:
697:
622:
according to the International Union for Conservation of Nature.
406:; no subspecies are recognised. However, genetic analysis of its
330:
133:
3047:
1292:
Erpétologie Générale ou Histoire Naturelle Complète des Reptiles
591:
2842:
2774:
2258:
1865:
1804:
1050:
909:
693:
612:
459:
113:
3185:
2215:
1712:"Shelter from the Storm: An Unconventional Refuge for a Wild
740:
411:
76:
70:
1295:(in French). Vol. 3. Paris: Roret. p. 943. part 3.
2115:. Department of Education and Communities, NSW Government.
2010:
2008:
1526:. Bloomington: Indiana University Press. pp. 488–501.
1340:
451:
1390:
1634:
Wildlife of Tropical North Queensland: Cooktown to Mackay
763:
researchers discovered that all monitors may be somewhat
2005:
1757:
1150:
Australian Biological Resources Study (16 August 2012).
1893:
1289:
Duméril, André Marie Constant; Bibron, Gabriel (1836).
1866:"Human Food Scrap Ingestion in Two Wild Lace Monitors
2074:
1439:
2787:
1916:
567:in New South Wales. It has also been reported from
2014:
1112:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T83779090A101752385.en
2077:"Reptile Venom Glands Form, Function, and Future"
3215:
1205:. Vol. 3. Printed for Nodder & Co. 1789
324:in 1802, and noted two forms. German naturalist
1898:. Australian Broadcasting Corporation. ABC News
2113:Murni Dhungang Jirrar: Living in the Illawarra
1863:
1660:Wilson, Stephen K.; Knowles, David G. (1988).
299:International Union for Conservation of Nature
2231:
1659:
1546:
1433:
1288:
410:(mtDNA) across its range revealed three main
2068:
1716:(White, 1790) (Reptilia: Sauria: Varanidae)"
1610:Encyclopedia of Australian Animals: Reptiles
1336:
1334:
1306:
1304:
1302:
414:: a north Queensland clade separated by the
1691:. Sydney: Printed by Reading and Wellbank.
1655:
1653:
1651:
1649:
1314:A Guide to Australian Monitors in Captivity
586:
2238:
2224:
1575:
1573:
1517:
1515:
1386:
1384:
1213:– via Biodiversity Heritage Library.
735:Lace monitors are close to the top of the
48:
29:
2188:A Complete Guide to Reptiles of Australia
2172:King, Dennis & Green, Brian. (1999).
2135:
2120:
2081:Handbook of Venoms and Toxins of Reptiles
1864:Gillett, Amber; Jackson, Richard (2010).
1840:
1830:
1495:
1416:
1331:
1299:
1110:
964:At Peacock - Richmond Range National Park
338:as the first mentioned member set as its
2186:Wilson, Steven & Swan Gerry (2003).
2083:. Taylor & Francis. pp. 76–84.
1646:
1556:. Canberra: Self-published. p. 53.
674:
636:
590:
477:
2176:. University of New South Wales Press.
2174:Goannas: The Biology of Varanid Lizards
1777:
1761:Herpetological Conservation and Biology
1742:
1570:
1521:
1512:
1381:
618:The lace monitor is considered to be a
3216:
1317:. ABK Publications. pp. 171–172.
1240:
1223:
1083:
1081:
629:or under fallen trees or large rocks.
2955:
2954:
2772:
2289:
2219:
1989:
1738:
1736:
1709:
1636:, p. 233. (2000). Queensland Museum.
1310:
1180:
611:. They frequent both open and closed
2559:Northern Sierra Madre forest monitor
2433:Black-spotted ridge-tailed monitor (
1257:
1247:. Marburg: J.C. Kreiger. p. 58.
470:people of southern New South Wales.
3224:IUCN Red List least concern species
1992:"Venom research bad-mouths goannas"
1466:
1244:Versuch eines Systems der Amphibien
1098:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
1078:
599:These common terrestrial and often
13:
2290:
2166:
2140:. Sydney: UNSW Press. p. 74.
2110:
1743:Bennett, Daniel (1 January 1995).
1733:
1488:10.1111/j.1096-0031.2001.tb00118.x
1143:
948:Glenrock State Conservation Area,
804:The lace monitor was eaten by the
14:
3260:
1612:, p. 158. The Australian Museum.
1579:
711:They frequently attack the large
2079:. In Stephen P. Mackessy (ed.).
1747:. Viper Press. pp. 132–133.
1745:A little book of monitor lizards
1664:. Sydney: Collins. p. 361.
1057:
1031:
1012:
1000:
984:
969:
957:
941:
929:
917:
902:
890:
878:
863:
851:
839:
827:
783:cysteine-rich secretory proteins
523:
511:
388:
376:
264:Varanus (Hydrosaurus) mustelinus
90:
2773:
2129:
2104:
1983:
1974:
1965:
1954:
1910:
1887:
1857:
1798:
1771:
1751:
1703:
1678:
1627:
1602:
1540:
1460:
1224:Daudin, François Marie (1802).
1187:. London: Debrett. p. 253.
1105:. e.T83779090A101752385. 2018.
663:
2245:
1282:
1251:
1234:
1217:
1191:
1174:
1119:
489:The second-largest monitor in
473:
1:
2190:. Reed New Holland Australia
1990:Smith, Deborah (2005-11-18).
1524:Varanoid lizards of the world
1442:Australian Journal of Zoology
1071:
751:occasionally prey upon them.
534:
3234:Monitor lizards of Australia
2659:Short-tailed pygmy monitor (
1832:10.1371/journal.pone.0034069
730:
658:Burragorang, New South Wales
632:
485:(left), lace monitor (right)
351:André Marie Constant Duméril
7:
3244:Reptiles of New South Wales
2200:Wilson, Stephen K. (1985).
1345:) from eastern Australia".
1160:Australian Faunal Directory
976:Coming down a tree outside
793:Washington State University
304:
10:
3265:
3239:Reptiles described in 1790
2541:Mitchell's water monitor (
2331:Rio Fuerte beaded lizard (
2322:Guatemalan beaded lizard (
1582:"Wiradjuri Heritage Study"
1264:The Philosophical Magazine
1258:Gray, John Edward (1827).
991:Lace monitor at the pass,
820:
781:), and 23-25 kilodaltons (
687:
3249:Taxa named by George Shaw
2963:
2859:
2823:
2786:
2782:
2768:
2734:
2385:
2361:
2303:
2299:
2285:
2253:
1940:10.1007/s10530-016-1097-2
1276:10.1080/14786442708675620
775:brain natriuretic peptide
653:the same tree for years.
518:Bell's phase lace monitor
230:
223:
204:
197:
87:Scientific classification
85:
68:
46:
37:
28:
23:
2713:Yellow-spotted monitor (
2578:Peach-throated monitor (
2532:Merten's water monitor (
2496:Kimberely rock monitor (
2373:Earless monitor lizard (
1608:Ehmann, Harald. (1992).
1589:Wagga Wagga City Council
1241:Merrem, Blasius (1820).
897:Demonstrating camouflage
754:
587:Distribution and habitat
2632:Rennel Island monitor (
2340:Mexican beaded lizard (
2313:Chiapan beaded lizard (
2136:Attenbrow, Val (2010).
1994:. Sydney Morning Herald
1710:Jones, Alan A. (2013).
1697:10.5962/bhl.title.29666
1347:Journal of Biogeography
1199:"The Variegated Lizard"
1065:Lane Cove National Park
799:
789:) in these secretions.
761:University of Melbourne
2668:Spiny-tailed monitor (
2478:Emerald tree monitor (
2415:Black-headed monitor (
1547:Troy, Jakelin (1993).
1409:10.1098/rsbl.2012.0460
924:Lace monitors fighting
680:
649:
596:
486:
328:established the genus
3160:Paleobiology Database
2641:Rosenberg's monitor (
2596:Pygmy mulga monitor (
2442:Blue-tailed monitor (
2397:Asian water monitor (
1311:Brown, Danny (2012).
1020:Healesville Sanctuary
936:Molting in Queensland
678:
640:
620:least-concern species
594:
481:
322:Tupinambis variegatus
318:François Marie Daudin
295:least-concern species
289:, is a member of the
285:), also known as the
240:Tupinambis variegatus
2406:Black tree monitor (
2202:Australia's Reptiles
1920:Biological Invasions
1181:White, John (1790).
1127:"Appendices | CITES"
978:Cooktown, Queensland
871:Brisbane Forest Park
579:in Victoria and the
428:Great Dividing Range
420:Murray–Darling basin
402:The lace monitor is
2850:Varanus amnhophilis
2677:Turquoise monitor (
2650:Roughneck monitor (
2469:Dumeril's monitor (
2451:Crocodile monitor (
2038:10.1038/nature04328
2030:2006Natur.439..584F
1932:2016BiInv..18.1499J
1823:2012PLoSO...734069J
1550:The Sydney Language
1359:2013JBiog..40.1729S
745:wedge-tailed eagles
605:Cape York Peninsula
458:inhabitants of the
267:de Borre, A.P. 1870
40:Conservation status
2747:Cretaceous lizards
2735:Related categories
2695:Savannah monitor (
2523:Mangrove monitor (
834:Underside markings
681:
650:
597:
487:
440:Varanus salvadorii
349:French zoologists
3211:
3210:
3147:Open Tree of Life
2957:Taxon identifiers
2948:
2947:
2944:
2943:
2940:
2939:
2764:
2763:
2760:
2759:
2697:V. exanthematicus
2623:Pilbara monitor (
2569:Peacock monitor (
2324:H. charlesbogerti
2147:978-1-74-223116-7
2090:978-1-4200-0866-1
2024:(7076): 584–588.
1780:Wildlife Research
1671:978-0-7322-0011-4
1563:978-0-646-11015-8
1533:978-0-253-34366-6
1367:10.1111/jbi.12128
1324:978-0-9758200-7-0
1041:
995:, New South Wales
952:, New South Wales
656:A field study in
607:to south-eastern
555:in Queensland to
499:snout–vent length
408:mitochondrial DNA
320:gave it the name
297:according to the
273:
272:
268:
261:
247:
237:
80:
63:
16:Species of lizard
3256:
3204:
3203:
3194:
3193:
3181:
3180:
3168:
3167:
3155:
3154:
3142:
3141:
3129:
3128:
3116:
3115:
3103:
3102:
3090:
3089:
3077:
3076:
3064:
3063:
3051:
3050:
3038:
3037:
3025:
3024:
3012:
3011:
2999:
2998:
2997:
2984:
2983:
2982:
2952:
2951:
2789:
2784:
2783:
2770:
2769:
2704:Yellow monitor (
2679:V. caerulivirens
2605:Quince monitor (
2487:Gray's monitor (
2460:Desert monitor (
2424:Bengal monitor (
2301:
2300:
2287:
2286:
2240:
2233:
2226:
2217:
2216:
2160:
2159:
2133:
2127:
2126:
2124:
2108:
2102:
2101:
2099:
2097:
2072:
2066:
2065:
2012:
2003:
2002:
2000:
1999:
1987:
1981:
1978:
1972:
1969:
1963:
1958:
1952:
1951:
1926:(5): 1499–1509.
1914:
1908:
1907:
1905:
1903:
1891:
1885:
1884:
1874:
1861:
1855:
1854:
1844:
1834:
1802:
1796:
1795:
1775:
1769:
1768:
1755:
1749:
1748:
1740:
1731:
1730:
1720:
1707:
1701:
1700:
1682:
1676:
1675:
1657:
1644:
1631:
1625:
1606:
1600:
1599:
1597:
1595:
1586:
1577:
1568:
1567:
1555:
1544:
1538:
1537:
1519:
1510:
1509:
1499:
1473:
1467:Ast, J. (2001).
1464:
1458:
1457:
1437:
1431:
1430:
1420:
1388:
1379:
1378:
1338:
1329:
1328:
1308:
1297:
1296:
1286:
1280:
1279:
1255:
1249:
1248:
1238:
1232:
1231:
1221:
1215:
1214:
1212:
1210:
1195:
1189:
1188:
1178:
1172:
1171:
1169:
1167:
1147:
1141:
1140:
1138:
1137:
1123:
1117:
1116:
1114:
1085:
1061:
1043:
1042:
1016:
1004:
988:
973:
961:
945:
933:
921:
906:
894:
882:
867:
855:
843:
831:
806:Wiradjuri people
779:Phospholipase A2
527:
515:
392:
380:
344:John Edward Gray
266:
252:
242:
235:
210:
95:
94:
74:
57:
52:
51:
33:
21:
20:
3264:
3263:
3259:
3258:
3257:
3255:
3254:
3253:
3214:
3213:
3212:
3207:
3199:
3197:
3189:
3184:
3176:
3171:
3163:
3158:
3150:
3145:
3137:
3134:Observation.org
3132:
3124:
3119:
3111:
3106:
3098:
3093:
3085:
3080:
3072:
3067:
3059:
3054:
3046:
3041:
3033:
3028:
3020:
3015:
3007:
3002:
2993:
2992:
2987:
2978:
2977:
2972:
2959:
2949:
2936:
2855:
2835:Varanus priscus
2819:
2814:Paranecrosaurus
2791:Palaeovaranidae
2778:
2756:
2742:Monitor lizards
2730:
2722:Yemen monitor (
2505:Komodo dragon (
2381:
2357:
2295:
2281:
2249:
2244:
2169:
2167:Further reading
2164:
2163:
2148:
2134:
2130:
2122:10.1.1.729.6424
2109:
2105:
2095:
2093:
2091:
2073:
2069:
2013:
2006:
1997:
1995:
1988:
1984:
1979:
1975:
1970:
1966:
1959:
1955:
1915:
1911:
1901:
1899:
1892:
1888:
1872:
1862:
1858:
1803:
1799:
1792:10.1071/WR01001
1776:
1772:
1756:
1752:
1741:
1734:
1718:
1708:
1704:
1683:
1679:
1672:
1658:
1647:
1632:
1628:
1607:
1603:
1593:
1591:
1584:
1578:
1571:
1564:
1553:
1545:
1541:
1534:
1520:
1513:
1471:
1465:
1461:
1454:10.1071/ZO05038
1438:
1434:
1397:Biology Letters
1389:
1382:
1339:
1332:
1325:
1309:
1300:
1287:
1283:
1256:
1252:
1239:
1235:
1222:
1218:
1208:
1206:
1197:
1196:
1192:
1179:
1175:
1165:
1163:
1148:
1144:
1135:
1133:
1125:
1124:
1120:
1087:
1086:
1079:
1074:
1067:
1062:
1053:
1044:
1032:
1027:
1017:
1008:
1005:
996:
989:
980:
974:
965:
962:
953:
946:
937:
934:
925:
922:
913:
907:
898:
895:
886:
883:
874:
868:
859:
858:Climbing a tree
856:
847:
846:Climbing a tree
844:
835:
832:
823:
802:
757:
733:
719:to steal their
690:
666:
635:
609:South Australia
589:
581:Flinders Ranges
537:
532:
531:
530:
529:
528:
520:
519:
516:
476:
424:McPherson Range
400:
399:
398:
397:
396:
393:
385:
384:
381:
307:
262:
248:
238:
219:
212:
206:
193:
89:
81:
64:
53:
49:
42:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3262:
3252:
3251:
3246:
3241:
3236:
3231:
3226:
3209:
3208:
3206:
3205:
3195:
3182:
3169:
3156:
3143:
3130:
3117:
3104:
3091:
3078:
3065:
3052:
3039:
3026:
3022:Varanus_varius
3013:
3009:Varanus_varius
3000:
2995:Varanus varius
2985:
2969:
2967:
2965:Varanus varius
2961:
2960:
2946:
2945:
2942:
2941:
2938:
2937:
2935:
2934:
2927:
2920:
2913:
2906:
2899:
2892:
2885:
2878:
2871:
2863:
2861:
2857:
2856:
2854:
2853:
2846:
2839:
2829:
2827:
2821:
2820:
2818:
2817:
2810:
2803:
2795:
2793:
2780:
2779:
2766:
2765:
2762:
2761:
2758:
2757:
2755:
2754:
2752:Helodermatidae
2749:
2744:
2738:
2736:
2732:
2731:
2729:
2728:
2719:
2710:
2701:
2692:
2683:
2674:
2665:
2661:V. brevicauda
2656:
2647:
2643:V. rosenbergi
2638:
2634:V. juxtindicus
2629:
2620:
2616:V. albigularis
2614:Rock monitor (
2611:
2602:
2593:
2584:
2575:
2571:V. auffenbergi
2566:
2556:
2550:Nile monitor (
2547:
2538:
2529:
2520:
2514:Lace monitor (
2511:
2507:V. komodoensis
2502:
2493:
2484:
2475:
2466:
2457:
2448:
2439:
2430:
2426:V. bengalensis
2421:
2412:
2403:
2393:
2391:
2383:
2382:
2380:
2379:
2369:
2367:
2359:
2358:
2356:
2355:
2349:Gila monster (
2346:
2337:
2333:H. exasperatum
2328:
2319:
2309:
2307:
2305:Helodermatidae
2297:
2296:
2283:
2282:
2280:
2279:
2273:
2267:
2261:
2254:
2251:
2250:
2243:
2242:
2235:
2228:
2220:
2214:
2213:
2198:
2184:
2168:
2165:
2162:
2161:
2146:
2128:
2103:
2089:
2067:
2004:
1982:
1973:
1964:
1953:
1909:
1886:
1868:Varanus varius
1856:
1797:
1770:
1750:
1732:
1714:Varanus varius
1702:
1677:
1670:
1645:
1626:
1601:
1569:
1562:
1539:
1532:
1511:
1482:(3): 211–226.
1459:
1448:(4): 253–269.
1432:
1403:(5): 853–855.
1380:
1353:(9): 1729–40.
1343:Varanus varius
1330:
1323:
1298:
1281:
1250:
1233:
1216:
1190:
1173:
1156:(White, 1790)"
1154:Varanus varius
1142:
1118:
1091:Varanus varius
1076:
1075:
1073:
1070:
1069:
1068:
1063:
1056:
1054:
1045:
1030:
1028:
1018:
1011:
1009:
1007:Yeramba Lagoon
1006:
999:
997:
990:
983:
981:
975:
968:
966:
963:
956:
954:
947:
940:
938:
935:
928:
926:
923:
916:
914:
908:
901:
899:
896:
889:
887:
884:
877:
875:
869:
862:
860:
857:
850:
848:
845:
838:
836:
833:
826:
822:
819:
801:
798:
756:
753:
732:
729:
689:
686:
679:Males fighting
665:
662:
634:
631:
588:
585:
565:Port Macquarie
536:
533:
522:
521:
517:
510:
509:
508:
507:
506:
475:
472:
394:
387:
386:
382:
375:
374:
373:
372:
371:
363:Varanus bellii
355:Gabriel Bibron
334:in 1820, with
326:Blasius Merrem
306:
303:
291:monitor lizard
282:Varanus varius
271:
270:
254:A.M.C. Duméril
250:Varanus bellii
228:
227:
221:
220:
213:
208:Varanus varius
202:
201:
195:
194:
190:V. varius
187:
185:
181:
180:
173:
169:
168:
161:
157:
156:
151:
147:
146:
141:
137:
136:
131:
127:
126:
121:
117:
116:
111:
107:
106:
101:
97:
96:
83:
82:
69:
66:
65:
47:
44:
43:
38:
35:
34:
26:
25:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3261:
3250:
3247:
3245:
3242:
3240:
3237:
3235:
3232:
3230:
3227:
3225:
3222:
3221:
3219:
3202:
3196:
3192:
3187:
3183:
3179:
3174:
3170:
3166:
3161:
3157:
3153:
3148:
3144:
3140:
3135:
3131:
3127:
3122:
3118:
3114:
3109:
3105:
3101:
3096:
3092:
3088:
3083:
3079:
3075:
3070:
3066:
3062:
3057:
3053:
3049:
3044:
3040:
3036:
3031:
3027:
3023:
3018:
3014:
3010:
3005:
3001:
2996:
2990:
2986:
2981:
2975:
2971:
2970:
2968:
2966:
2962:
2958:
2953:
2933:
2932:
2928:
2926:
2925:
2921:
2919:
2918:
2914:
2912:
2911:
2907:
2905:
2904:
2900:
2898:
2897:
2893:
2891:
2890:
2886:
2884:
2883:
2879:
2877:
2876:
2872:
2870:
2869:
2865:
2864:
2862:
2858:
2852:
2851:
2847:
2845:
2844:
2840:
2838:
2836:
2831:
2830:
2828:
2826:
2822:
2816:
2815:
2811:
2809:
2808:
2804:
2802:
2801:
2800:Palaeovaranus
2797:
2796:
2794:
2792:
2785:
2781:
2776:
2771:
2767:
2753:
2750:
2748:
2745:
2743:
2740:
2739:
2737:
2733:
2727:
2725:
2724:V. yemenensis
2720:
2718:
2716:
2711:
2709:
2707:
2706:V. flavescens
2702:
2700:
2698:
2693:
2691:
2689:
2686:Sand goanna (
2684:
2682:
2680:
2675:
2673:
2671:
2670:V. acanthurus
2666:
2664:
2662:
2657:
2655:
2653:
2652:V. rudicollis
2648:
2646:
2644:
2639:
2637:
2635:
2630:
2628:
2626:
2621:
2619:
2617:
2612:
2610:
2608:
2603:
2601:
2599:
2594:
2592:
2590:
2585:
2583:
2581:
2576:
2574:
2572:
2567:
2564:
2560:
2557:
2555:
2553:
2548:
2546:
2544:
2539:
2537:
2535:
2530:
2528:
2526:
2521:
2519:
2517:
2512:
2510:
2508:
2503:
2501:
2499:
2494:
2492:
2490:
2485:
2483:
2481:
2476:
2474:
2472:
2467:
2465:
2463:
2458:
2456:
2454:
2453:V. salvadorii
2449:
2447:
2445:
2440:
2438:
2436:
2431:
2429:
2427:
2422:
2420:
2418:
2413:
2411:
2409:
2404:
2402:
2400:
2395:
2394:
2392:
2390:
2389:
2384:
2378:
2376:
2375:L. borneensis
2371:
2370:
2368:
2366:
2365:
2360:
2354:
2352:
2347:
2345:
2343:
2338:
2336:
2334:
2329:
2327:
2325:
2320:
2318:
2316:
2311:
2310:
2308:
2306:
2302:
2298:
2293:
2288:
2284:
2278:
2274:
2272:
2268:
2266:
2262:
2260:
2256:
2255:
2252:
2248:
2241:
2236:
2234:
2229:
2227:
2222:
2221:
2218:
2211:
2210:0-207-17707-4
2207:
2203:
2199:
2197:
2196:1-876334-72-X
2193:
2189:
2185:
2183:
2182:0-86840-456-X
2179:
2175:
2171:
2170:
2157:
2153:
2149:
2143:
2139:
2132:
2123:
2118:
2114:
2111:Wesson, Sue.
2107:
2092:
2086:
2082:
2078:
2071:
2063:
2059:
2055:
2051:
2047:
2043:
2039:
2035:
2031:
2027:
2023:
2019:
2011:
2009:
1993:
1986:
1977:
1968:
1962:
1957:
1949:
1945:
1941:
1937:
1933:
1929:
1925:
1921:
1913:
1897:
1890:
1882:
1878:
1871:
1869:
1860:
1852:
1848:
1843:
1838:
1833:
1828:
1824:
1820:
1817:(4): e34069.
1816:
1812:
1808:
1801:
1793:
1789:
1785:
1781:
1774:
1766:
1762:
1754:
1746:
1739:
1737:
1728:
1724:
1717:
1715:
1706:
1698:
1694:
1690:
1689:
1681:
1673:
1667:
1663:
1656:
1654:
1652:
1650:
1643:
1642:0-7242-9349-3
1639:
1635:
1630:
1623:
1619:
1618:0-207-17379-6
1615:
1611:
1605:
1590:
1583:
1580:Green, Dick.
1576:
1574:
1565:
1559:
1552:
1551:
1543:
1535:
1529:
1525:
1518:
1516:
1507:
1503:
1498:
1497:2027.42/72302
1493:
1489:
1485:
1481:
1477:
1470:
1463:
1455:
1451:
1447:
1443:
1436:
1428:
1424:
1419:
1414:
1410:
1406:
1402:
1398:
1394:
1387:
1385:
1376:
1372:
1368:
1364:
1360:
1356:
1352:
1348:
1344:
1337:
1335:
1326:
1320:
1316:
1315:
1307:
1305:
1303:
1294:
1293:
1285:
1277:
1273:
1269:
1265:
1261:
1254:
1246:
1245:
1237:
1229:
1228:
1220:
1204:
1200:
1194:
1186:
1185:
1177:
1161:
1157:
1155:
1146:
1132:
1128:
1122:
1113:
1108:
1104:
1100:
1099:
1094:
1092:
1084:
1082:
1077:
1066:
1060:
1055:
1052:
1048:
1029:
1025:
1021:
1015:
1010:
1003:
998:
994:
987:
982:
979:
972:
967:
960:
955:
951:
944:
939:
932:
927:
920:
915:
911:
905:
900:
893:
888:
881:
876:
872:
866:
861:
854:
849:
842:
837:
830:
825:
824:
818:
816:
811:
807:
797:
794:
790:
788:
784:
780:
776:
772:
768:
766:
762:
752:
750:
746:
742:
738:
728:
724:
722:
718:
717:scrub turkeys
714:
709:
705:
701:
699:
695:
685:
677:
673:
669:
661:
659:
654:
648:
644:
639:
630:
628:
623:
621:
616:
614:
610:
606:
602:
593:
584:
582:
578:
574:
570:
566:
562:
558:
554:
550:
546:
541:
526:
514:
505:
502:
500:
496:
492:
484:
483:Argus monitor
480:
471:
469:
465:
461:
457:
453:
449:
444:
442:
441:
436:
435:Komodo dragon
431:
429:
425:
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55:Least Concern
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24:Lace monitor
22:
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2917:Palaeosaniwa
2915:
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2896:Morohasaurus
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2868:Arcanosaurus
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2589:V. giganteus
2588:
2580:V. jobiensis
2579:
2570:
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2552:V. niloticus
2551:
2543:V. mitchelli
2542:
2533:
2524:
2515:
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2489:V. olivaceus
2488:
2479:
2471:V. dumerilii
2470:
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2351:H. suspectum
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1900:. Retrieved
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1592:. Retrieved
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1207:. Retrieved
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1164:. Retrieved
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1153:
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1134:. Retrieved
1130:
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912:, Queensland
885:Head closeup
873:, Queensland
803:
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664:Reproduction
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627:tree hollows
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595:Lace monitor
542:
538:
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488:
463:
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416:Burdekin Gap
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395:Bell's phase
383:Normal phase
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340:type species
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3069:iNaturalist
2989:Wikispecies
2910:Telmasaurus
2882:Cherminotus
2875:Aiolosaurus
2833:Megalania (
2715:V. panoptes
2598:V. gilleni
2563:V. bitatawa
2534:V. mertensi
2498:V. glauerti
2480:V. prasinus
2444:V. doreanus
2408:V. beccarii
2399:V. salvator
2364:Lanthanotus
2342:H. horridum
2315:H. alvarezi
1729:(2): 54–55.
1594:8 September
1026:, Australia
641:On a tree,
569:Healesville
474:Description
462:basin, and
359:Thomas Bell
287:tree goanna
236:White, 1790
73:Appendix II
3218:Categories
2688:V. gouldii
2607:V. melinus
2587:Perentie (
2525:V. indicus
2462:V. griseus
2435:V. baritji
2417:V. tristis
2247:Varanoidea
1998:2022-11-21
1786:(6): 627.
1476:Cladistics
1136:2022-01-14
1072:References
815:exotic pet
787:kallikrein
749:wild boars
737:food chain
713:composting
708:lay eggs.
647:Queensland
561:Macksville
535:Patterning
493:after the
310:John White
172:Subgenus:
2924:Saniwides
2889:Gobiderma
2825:Varanidae
2516:V. varius
2257:Kingdom:
2156:659579866
2117:CiteSeerX
2046:1476-4687
1152:"Species
1131:cites.org
993:Byron Bay
950:Newcastle
739:, though
731:Predators
715:nests of
633:Behaviour
577:Murchison
573:Rushworth
491:Australia
468:Wiradjuri
404:monotypic
346:in 1827.
336:V. varius
184:Species:
154:Varanidae
110:Kingdom:
104:Eukaryota
3186:Species+
3113:83779090
3087:10364354
2974:Wikidata
2807:Eosaniwa
2625:V. bushi
2277:Squamata
2271:Reptilia
2265:Chordata
2263:Phylum:
2259:Animalia
2054:16292255
1948:14921372
1851:22509271
1811:PLOS ONE
1622:Reptiles
1506:34911248
1427:22809723
1375:85139053
1024:Victoria
810:Tharawal
771:In vitro
765:venomous
698:reptiles
643:Cooktown
601:arboreal
553:Mitchell
549:Eidsvold
545:Woodgate
495:perentie
367:dominant
305:Taxonomy
225:Synonyms
150:Family:
144:Squamata
134:Reptilia
124:Chordata
120:Phylum:
114:Animalia
100:Domain:
60:IUCN 3.1
3229:Varanus
3061:2470715
3048:8829589
2980:Q924941
2931:Estesia
2388:Varanus
2294:species
2275:Order:
2269:Class:
2096:18 July
2062:4386245
2026:Bibcode
1928:Bibcode
1842:3317928
1819:Bibcode
1418:3441001
1355:Bibcode
821:Gallery
743:packs,
694:insects
688:Feeding
613:forests
466:to the
450:to the
448:wirriga
331:Varanus
218:, 1790)
177:Varanus
165:Varanus
160:Genus:
140:Order:
130:Class:
75: (
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3201:208904
3198:uBio:
3178:varius
3165:374205
3152:415538
3139:104416
3100:716548
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910:Cairns
747:, and
672:hours.
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557:Bourke
551:, and
460:Sydney
412:clades
260:, 1836
258:Bibron
256:&
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244:Daudin
3082:IRMNG
3074:39469
3035:7FG9C
2058:S2CID
1944:S2CID
1873:(PDF)
1719:(PDF)
1585:(PDF)
1554:(PDF)
1472:(PDF)
1371:S2CID
1209:9 May
1166:6 May
755:Venom
741:dingo
464:gugaa
456:Darug
216:White
77:CITES
71:CITES
3191:6949
3126:8559
3121:NCBI
3108:IUCN
3095:ITIS
3056:GBIF
2903:Ovoo
2777:taxa
2206:ISBN
2192:ISBN
2178:ISBN
2152:OCLC
2142:ISBN
2098:2013
2085:ISBN
2050:PMID
2042:ISSN
1904:2019
1847:PMID
1666:ISBN
1638:ISBN
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1596:2019
1558:ISBN
1528:ISBN
1502:PMID
1423:PMID
1319:ISBN
1211:2019
1168:2019
1103:2018
800:Uses
785:and
721:eggs
563:and
454:and
452:Eora
426:and
353:and
275:The
3043:EoL
3030:CoL
3017:AFD
3004:ADW
2034:doi
2022:439
1936:doi
1837:PMC
1827:doi
1788:doi
1693:doi
1492:hdl
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