223:
516:
290:
203:
267:
1091:
1052:
1013:
974:
772:
1921:
760:
317:
1314:
1269:
36:
1232:
1170:
In view of the changed circumstances after the independence of Malaya in 1957, the LPM amended its constitution in 1959 to strive for the establishment of a united democratic socialist state of Malaya and to secure for the workers who work by hand or by brain the full fruits of their industry and the
1171:
most equitable distribution thereof that may be possible, upon the basis of the common ownership of the means of production, distribution and exchange, and the best obtainable system of popular administration and control of each industry or service (the latter part essentially mirroring the then
3020:
2862:
2912:
2877:
1134:
for Malaya, liberal citizenship laws, the
Malayanization of the civil service, a planned economy, greater democratic justice and agrarian reform. The LPM also proposed for the abolishment of
2882:
2441:
2737:
2466:
882:
2902:
2872:
2847:
2727:
2476:
2932:
2917:
958:
or people from other communities. The party identified itself as a non-communal party. It considered that the
Alliance government represented capitalist and feudal groups.
2501:
2486:
2421:
630:
2857:
2732:
2892:
2722:
2461:
2852:
2481:
2767:
281:
1909:
2867:
493:
400:
1887:
3066:
2947:
2803:
955:
3061:
3041:
2810:
2772:
812:
2571:
2406:
408:
462:
3051:
1135:
1386:
2627:
1902:
2682:
2426:
2361:
2266:
1982:
1947:
1882:
626:
2048:
3071:
3046:
2209:
877:
The LPM's roots lay in the state labour parties that were established after the
British government announced plans to organise
785:
2299:
1925:
645:
590:
555:
542:
156:
1733:
2942:
2717:
2451:
2446:
2366:
2140:
1972:
1895:
923:
leadership, the positions gradually took a more anti-colonial form and in June 1954, the organisation was renamed the LPM.
2566:
2315:
2271:
2248:
2000:
1706:
1381:
1361:
1324:
1279:
348:
112:
2897:
2842:
2712:
2672:
2546:
2371:
1917:
1798:
1391:
805:
2957:
2837:
2677:
2294:
2109:
1872:
1376:
1366:
2832:
2822:
2742:
2707:
2356:
2330:
2199:
2038:
1396:
1371:
1356:
1293:
490:
881:
in 1950. In 1952, representatives from the state parties, 21 trade unions and the Malay left-leaning organisation
2762:
2757:
2752:
2747:
2325:
2150:
2033:
1977:
534:
522:
2657:
2652:
2632:
2496:
1248:
1209:
932:
2491:
2456:
2381:
2335:
2214:
2119:
2005:
1101:
1062:
1023:
984:
798:
611:
305:
178:
915:
The party chairman Lee Moke Sang was forced to resign as public servants were barred from political office.
2962:
2927:
2793:
2647:
2396:
2230:
2091:
640:
85:
2977:
2887:
2697:
2376:
2343:
2320:
2289:
2194:
619:
465:
454:
365:
332:
308:
35:
2982:
2952:
2662:
2066:
2015:
1822:
743:
383:
340:
133:
3021:
List of the winning political parties in the
Malaysian general election by parliamentary constituency
2907:
2702:
2692:
2622:
2561:
2416:
2219:
2135:
2076:
2010:
442:
434:
395:
237:
2667:
2581:
674:
3056:
2967:
2937:
2798:
2471:
2401:
2114:
2086:
1967:
1937:
1818:
909:
691:
474:
128:
117:
222:
2972:
2817:
2777:
2617:
2576:
2391:
2155:
2025:
1864:
935:
of 1955 and failed to gain any seats. The LPM, however, managed to capture the City
Council of
601:
579:
445:
411:
273:
258:
214:
2987:
2827:
2411:
2351:
2258:
2145:
2058:
731:
669:
664:
584:
530:
507:
482:
424:
161:
1856:
3010:
2687:
2436:
2043:
1841:, jointly published by the Socialist International and the Asian Socialist Conference. p. 8
1151:
947:
849:
696:
679:
245:
188:
151:
90:
8:
2922:
2204:
2177:
1883:
Facing Up to Storm Clouds : The Labour Party of Malaya, Penang
Division, 1963 – 1969
1286:
375:
1859:
Protest and
Possibilities: Civil Society and Coalitions for Political Change in Malaysia
2591:
2386:
2240:
2224:
2101:
2071:
936:
853:
738:
719:
574:
97:
852:
that was active between 1952 and 1969. It was originally formed as a confederation of
2431:
2281:
1868:
1857:
1794:
1738:
1711:
1138:
for any ethnic group, federal nationality to supersede state nationality, the use of
515:
2556:
2081:
1992:
1241:
1143:
564:
229:
3015:
1959:
1131:
916:
878:
845:
776:
764:
725:
569:
351:
289:
2596:
2586:
1331:
1139:
951:
898:
830:
3035:
2612:
946:
According to the party's own accounts it had more or less the same number of
902:
701:
386:
343:
2637:
2551:
1943:
1939:
1155:
894:
838:
706:
685:
335:
324:
297:
202:
266:
1090:
1051:
1012:
973:
961:
The party had a youth wing called the
Socialist Youth League of Malaya.
771:
1159:
75:
2178:
Parties without representation in the
Parliament and State Assemblies
1172:
1147:
920:
102:
1920:
897:
and decided to form the PMLP. This organisation initially took an
931:
With a radical agenda as its platform, the LPM was routed in the
890:
940:
316:
943:
in the 1956 local elections with a majority of eight seats.
1734:"MacCarthyism in Socialist International, charge by Tan"
919:
became the new chairman. With the rise of more radical
2773:
2407:
Sabah National People's Unity Organisation (PERPADUAN)
889:, not to be confused with the present day SABERKAS in
475:
High Court in Malaya ∙ High Court in Sabah and Sarawak
2452:
Justice of the Peace Coalition People's Party (PEACE)
1780:, Vol IV, November 1955/February 1956, Nos. 3-4. p. 8
2948:
United Democratic Sabah People's Power Party (SETIA)
1835:
Resolutions of the Socialist Youth League of Malaya
1130:The LPM's founding constitution demanded immediate
2913:Parti Bersatu Rakyat Bumiputera Sabah (BERSEPADU)
2529:
1863:. Palo Alto: Stanford University Press. pp.
3033:
2267:United Sabah National Organisation (Baru) (USNO)
1763:. London: Oxford University Press, 1959. pp. 8-9
2683:United Pasokmomogun Kadazan Organisation (UPKO)
2628:Sarawak Malaysian People's Association (PERMAS)
1983:United Progressive Kinabalu Organisation (UPKO)
1791:Pemikiran Islam di Malaysia: sejarah dan aliran
2447:Economic Sarawak United People's Party (PERSB)
2863:Independent People's Progressive Party (IPPP)
2326:Sabah Native Co-operation Party (ANAK NEGERI)
1903:
1175:of the British Labour Party's constitution).
806:
2427:Sabah Prosperous Party of Unity Front (SAPU)
2362:Malaysian People's Progressive Party (myPPP)
2300:Parti Perikatan India Muslim Nasional (IMAN)
2210:All Malaysian Indian Progressive Front (IPF)
2833:Muslim Community Union of Malaysia (IKATAN)
2718:Sarawak Progressive Democratic Party (SPDP)
2141:Malaysian United Democratic Alliance (MUDA)
2110:Malaysian United Indigenous Party (BERSATU)
1178:
2838:Federated Sabah People's Front (BERSEKUTU)
2547:All-Malaya Council of Joint Action (AMCJA)
2442:Malaysian Science Aspiration Party (SAINS)
2001:United Malays National Organisation (UMNO)
1910:
1896:
813:
799:
2903:Sarawak United Democratic Party (BERSATU)
2878:United Sabah People's Organisation (USPO)
2673:United Sabah National Organisation (USNO)
2633:Muslim People's Party of Malaysia (HAMIM)
2372:Malaysian United People's Party (BERSAMA)
2357:Malaysia National Alliance Party (IKATAN)
2331:Malaysia National Alliance Party (IKATAN)
2295:Parti Bumiputera Perkasa Malaysia (PUTRA)
2034:United Traditional Bumiputera Party (PBB)
3067:Political parties disestablished in 1969
2958:Democratic Malaysian Indian Party (DMIP)
2678:United Pasok Momogun Organisation (UPMO)
2658:Malaysian Social Justice Party (PEKEMAS)
2492:Parti Aspirasi Rakyat Sarawak (ASPIRASI)
2200:Malaysian Indian Muslim Congress (KIMMA)
1339:
1237:No representation in Legislative Council
2943:Angkatan Keadilan Insan Malaysia (AKIM)
2883:Sabah People's Democratic Party (SEDAR)
2823:North Kalimantan Communist Party (NKCP)
2743:Sabah Chinese Consolidated Party (SCCP)
2497:Parti Bansa Dayak Sarawak (Baru) (PBDS)
2467:Malaysian Citizen National Party (PNPM)
2120:Parti Gerakan Rakyat Malaysia (GERAKAN)
1707:"Socialist Int'l May Become World Body"
325:House of Representatives (Dewan Rakyat)
3034:
2928:Sabah National Momogun Party (MOMOGUN)
2898:Sarawak People's National Party (PNRS)
2748:Barisan Ra'ayat Jati Sarawak (BARJASA)
2377:Malaysian Advancement Party (KEMAJUAN)
2249:Malaysian Indian People’s Party (MIPP)
3062:Political parties established in 1952
3042:Defunct political parties in Malaysia
2918:Parti Bertindak Rakyat Sabah (BERSIH)
2848:Province Wellesley Labor Party (PWLP)
2758:Parti Bumiputera Sarawak (BUMIPUTERA)
2708:Sarawak People's Energy Party (TERAS)
2653:Sabah People's United Front (BERJAYA)
2567:Malayan Peoples' Socialist Front (SF)
2528:
2457:Malaysian Indian Justice Party (MIJP)
2290:Pan-Malaysian Islamic Front (BERJASA)
2176:
2151:Social Democratic Harmony Party (KDM)
1936:
1891:
1854:
591:List of political parties in Malaysia
2888:United Sabah Assembly Party (PUSAKA)
2738:Sarawak People's Organisation (SAPO)
2623:Sarawak Native People's Party (PBDS)
2606:Defunct former parliamentary parties
2215:Malaysian Indian United Party (MIUP)
2067:Parti Gagasan Rakyat Sabah (GAGASAN)
2039:Sarawak United Peoples' Party (SUPP)
1753:
1165:
1146:as a second language, the merger of
1085:
1046:
1007:
968:
2853:Purtobohan Bumi Putera (PURTOBOHAN)
2728:National Association of Perak (NAP)
2422:Sabah People's Economy Party (PERS)
2231:Minority Rights Action Party (MIRA)
2006:Malaysian Chinese Association (MCA)
1125:
13:
3052:1969 disestablishments in Malaysia
2963:Community Coalition Congress (CCC)
2933:Sarawak United Labour Party (PLUS)
2873:United People's Party (1976) (UPP)
2794:Independence of Malaya Party (IMP)
2753:Parti Pesaka Anak Sarawak (PESAKA)
2509:Sarawak Independent Alliance (SIA)
2502:Parti Sedar Rakyat Sarawak (SEDAR)
2397:Malaysian Ceylonese Congress (MCC)
2344:Homeland Fighters' Party (PEJUANG)
2195:Malaysia Makkal Sakti Party (MMSP)
2049:Progressive Democratic Party (PDP)
1848:
964:
856:based labour parties known as the
201:
14:
3083:
2908:Parti Nasionalis Malaysia (NASMA)
2698:Sarawak Chinese Association (SCA)
2437:Land of the Hornbills Party (PBK)
2417:Sabahan Bugis United Party (PBBS)
2382:Sabah People's Unity Party (PPRS)
2321:Socialist Party of Malaysia (PSM)
2016:Parti Bersatu Rakyat Sabah (PBRS)
1154:, the limiting the powers of the
1042:
3006:* denotes non-registered parties
2983:Parti Perpaduan Masyarakat (PPM)
2953:Malaysian Solidarity Party (MSP)
2663:Malaysian Democratic Party (MDP)
2336:People's Alternative Party (PAP)
2092:Sabah People's Hope Party (PHRS)
2077:Homeland Solidarity Party (STAR)
1919:
1313:
1312:
1268:
1267:
1230:
1089:
1050:
1011:
972:
887:Syarikat Berkerjasama Am Saiburi
770:
758:
514:
491:Chief Judge of Sabah and Sarawak
315:
288:
265:
221:
113:Malayan Peoples' Socialist Front
80:Socialist Youth League of Malaya
34:
2893:Parti Anak Jati Sarawak (PAJAR)
2858:Kesatuan Insaf Tanah Air (KITA)
2693:Sabah Chinese Association (SCA)
2648:National Convention Party (NCP)
2316:Malaysian Indian People’s Party
2220:Punjabi Party of Malaysia (PPM)
2011:Malaysian Indian Congress (MIC)
523:Election Commission of Malaysia
16:Political party in Malaysia
2582:Angkatan Perpaduan Ummah (APU)
2462:Malaysian National Party (PNM)
2272:Liberal Democratic Party (LDP)
2087:Sabah Progressive Party (SAPP)
1855:Weiss, Meredith Leigh (2005).
1828:
1803:
1783:
1766:
1726:
1699:
1231:
1003:
926:
1:
3072:Socialist parties in Malaysia
3047:1952 establishments in Malaya
2843:Social Democratic Party (SDP)
2818:Malaysian Marhaen Party (PMM)
2799:Malayan Communist Party (MCP)
2713:United Democratic Party (UDP)
2703:People's Justice Front (AKAR)
2618:Sarawak National Party (SNAP)
2530:Defunct parties and coalition
2482:Malaysian Arc Party (BAHTERA)
2472:Green Party of Malaysia (PHM)
2412:Sabah Truth Party (KEBENARAN)
2402:Sabah Nationality Party (PKS)
2367:People's Welfare Party (KITA)
2115:Malaysian Islamic Party (PAS)
1978:National Trust Party (AMANAH)
1968:Democratic Action Party (DAP)
1926:Political parties in Malaysia
1692:
1142:as the national language and
933:Federal legislative elections
620:Chief ministers of the states
2973:Parti Merdeka Malaysia (PMM)
2778:Sabah Democratic Party (PDS)
2763:Parti Negara Sarawak (PANAS)
2723:Muslim League of Malaya (ML)
2688:Sabah National Party (SANAP)
2643:Labour Party of Malaya (Lab)
2506:Sarawak for Sarawakian (S4S)
2477:People First Party (URPARTI)
2392:Malaysian United Party (MUP)
2026:Gabungan Parti Sarawak (GPS)
1973:People's Justice Party (PKR)
1774:Tasks of Socialism in Malaya
1401:Total won / Total contested
7:
2988:Parti Sarawak Bersatu (PSB)
2828:Selangor Labour Party (SLP)
2768:Sabah Indian Congress (SIC)
2352:Parti Rakyat Malaysia (PRM)
2348:Socialist Alternative (SA)*
2259:Gabungan Rakyat Sabah (GRS)
2188:Friends of Barisan Nasional
2146:Parti Bangsa Malaysia (PBM)
2059:Gabungan Rakyat Sabah (GRS)
1938:Parties represented in the
1817:, jointly published by the
1351:State Legislative Assembly
1120:
466:Abang Iskandar Abang Hashim
309:Awang Bemee Awang Ali Basah
10:
3088:
2968:Sabah People's Front (SPF)
2938:Sabah People's Party (PRS)
2487:Barisan Penyatuan Nasional
2340:Malaysian Hope Party (PHM)
2225:Parti Kuasa Rakyat (KUASA)
2044:Parti Rakyat Sarawak (PRS)
1823:Asian Socialist Conference
1761:Socialism in Southern Asia
1350:
901:stand but was not overtly
872:
867:
134:Asian Socialist Conference
3004:
2923:Sabah Chinese Party (PCS)
2868:Parti Umat Sarawak (UMAT)
2786:
2605:
2539:
2535:
2524:
2308:
2280:
2257:
2239:
2205:Love Malaysia Party (PCM)
2187:
2183:
2172:
2128:
2100:
2057:
2024:
1991:
1958:
1954:
1932:
1347:
1081:
147:
139:
125:International affiliation
124:
108:
96:
84:
74:
66:
58:
50:
42:
33:
21:
2978:Human Rights Party (HRP)
2387:Penang Front Party (PFP)
2136:Heritage Party (WARISAN)
2072:United Sabah Party (PBS)
1742:. 1966-03-08. p. 10
1179:General elections result
858:Pan-Malayan Labour Party
349:Leader of the Opposition
341:Leader of the Government
177:This article is part of
70:Pan-Malayan Labour Party
2733:Radical Party (RADICAL)
2638:National Party (Negara)
2592:Barisan Alternatif (BA)
2432:Parti Damai Sabah (SPP)
2282:Gerakan Tanah Air (GTA)
2241:Perikatan Nasional (PN)
2102:Perikatan Nasional (PN)
1819:Socialist International
1715:. 1952-10-20. p. 5
1162:, and a secular state.
910:Socialist International
659:Ideologies and concepts
129:Socialist International
98:Political position
2082:Love Sabah Party (PCS)
1098:This section is empty.
1059:This section is empty.
1020:This section is empty.
981:This section is empty.
954:members, but very few
834:
827:Labour Party of Malaya
446:Tengku Maimun Tuan Mat
412:Shamsul Azri Abu Bakar
274:Parliament of Malaysia
206:
24:Labour Party of Malaya
2804:Revolutionary Faction
2787:Other defunct parties
1993:Barisan Nasional (BN)
1340:State election result
908:The party joined the
483:Chief Judge of Malaya
298:Senate (Dewan Negara)
230:Yang di-Pertuan Agong
205:
3011:Politics of Malaysia
2577:Kumpulan Maju (MAJU)
2557:Socialist Front (SF)
1960:Pakatan Harapan (PH)
1319:Opposition coalition
1274:Opposition coalition
1201:Outcome of election
1152:Federation of Malaya
246:Conference of Rulers
152:Politics of Malaysia
109:National affiliation
91:Democratic socialism
2597:Pakatan Rakyat (PR)
2587:Gagasan Rakyat (GR)
2562:Alliance Party (AP)
1811:Socialism in Malaya
777:Politics portal
765:Malaysia portal
543:Electoral districts
2613:Malayan Party (MP)
2540:Defunct coalitions
1136:special privileges
835:Parti Buruh Malaya
739:Malaysian Malaysia
720:Dayaks in politics
627:State legislatures
494:Abdul Rahman Sebli
207:
27:Parti Buruh Malaya
3029:
3028:
3000:
2999:
2996:
2995:
2668:Semangat 46 (S46)
2552:Labour Front (LF)
2520:
2519:
2516:
2515:
2168:
2167:
2164:
2163:
1809:D.S. Ramanathan.
1772:D.S. Ramanathan.
1739:The Straits Times
1712:The Straits Times
1689:
1688:
1337:
1336:
1166:Post-Independence
1118:
1117:
1079:
1078:
1040:
1039:
1001:
1000:
823:
822:
714:Race and politics
692:Malay nationalism
641:Local governments
612:State governments
557:Political parties
531:General elections
192:
170:
169:
157:Political parties
3079:
2811:Marxist-Leninist
2537:
2536:
2526:
2525:
2185:
2184:
2174:
2173:
1956:
1955:
1948:State Assemblies
1934:
1933:
1924:
1923:
1912:
1905:
1898:
1889:
1888:
1878:
1862:
1842:
1832:
1826:
1807:
1801:
1787:
1781:
1770:
1764:
1757:
1751:
1750:
1748:
1747:
1730:
1724:
1723:
1721:
1720:
1703:
1684:
1677:
1670:
1663:
1656:
1649:
1642:
1635:
1626:
1614:
1607:
1600:
1593:
1586:
1579:
1572:
1565:
1558:
1551:
1539:
1528:
1521:
1510:
1492:
1485:
1478:
1471:
1464:
1457:
1450:
1443:
1436:
1345:
1344:
1328:
1316:
1315:
1301:
1283:
1271:
1270:
1256:
1242:D. S. Ramanathan
1234:
1233:
1217:
1204:Election leader
1192:Seats contested
1189:Total seats won
1183:
1182:
1126:Pre-Independence
1113:
1110:
1100:You can help by
1093:
1086:
1074:
1071:
1061:You can help by
1054:
1047:
1035:
1032:
1022:You can help by
1015:
1008:
996:
993:
983:You can help by
976:
969:
815:
808:
801:
775:
774:
763:
762:
761:
604:
558:
518:
510:
427:
368:
319:
292:
269:
261:
238:Ibrahim Iskandar
225:
217:
195:
190:
182:
172:
171:
67:Preceded by
62:6 September 1978
38:
19:
18:
3087:
3086:
3082:
3081:
3080:
3078:
3077:
3076:
3032:
3031:
3030:
3025:
3016:Politics portal
3007:
2992:
2782:
2601:
2531:
2512:
2304:
2276:
2253:
2235:
2179:
2160:
2124:
2096:
2053:
2020:
1987:
1950:
1928:
1918:
1916:
1875:
1851:
1849:Further reading
1846:
1845:
1833:
1829:
1808:
1804:
1789:Rahman, (1997)
1788:
1784:
1771:
1767:
1758:
1754:
1745:
1743:
1732:
1731:
1727:
1718:
1716:
1705:
1704:
1700:
1695:
1690:
1685:
1682:
1678:
1675:
1671:
1668:
1664:
1661:
1657:
1654:
1650:
1647:
1643:
1640:
1636:
1633:
1627:
1624:
1615:
1612:
1608:
1605:
1601:
1598:
1594:
1591:
1587:
1584:
1580:
1577:
1573:
1570:
1566:
1563:
1559:
1556:
1552:
1549:
1540:
1537:
1529:
1526:
1522:
1519:
1511:
1508:
1493:
1490:
1486:
1483:
1479:
1476:
1472:
1469:
1465:
1462:
1458:
1455:
1451:
1448:
1444:
1441:
1437:
1434:
1387:Negeri Sembilan
1348:State election
1342:
1325:Socialist Front
1322:
1321:
1302:
1299:
1280:Socialist Front
1277:
1276:
1257:
1254:
1218:
1215:
1198:Share of votes
1181:
1168:
1132:self-government
1128:
1123:
1114:
1108:
1105:
1084:
1075:
1069:
1066:
1045:
1036:
1030:
1027:
1006:
997:
991:
988:
967:
965:Socialist Front
929:
917:D.S. Ramanathan
879:local elections
875:
870:
846:political party
819:
790:
786:Other countries
781:
769:
759:
757:
749:
748:
744:Social contract
726:Ketuanan Melayu
711:
660:
652:
651:
636:
606:
602:
594:
593:
589:
560:
556:
548:
547:
539:
512:
508:
500:
499:
498:
470:
455:Court of Appeal
450:
429:
425:
417:
416:
409:Chief Secretary
391:
370:
366:
358:
357:
356:
352:Hamzah Zainudin
313:
286:
282:15th Parliament
263:
259:
251:
250:
242:
219:
215:
193:
189:
176:
166:
132:
116:
29:
28:
25:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3085:
3075:
3074:
3069:
3064:
3059:
3057:Labour parties
3054:
3049:
3044:
3027:
3026:
3024:
3023:
3018:
3013:
3005:
3002:
3001:
2998:
2997:
2994:
2993:
2991:
2990:
2985:
2980:
2975:
2970:
2965:
2960:
2955:
2950:
2945:
2940:
2935:
2930:
2925:
2920:
2915:
2910:
2905:
2900:
2895:
2890:
2885:
2880:
2875:
2870:
2865:
2860:
2855:
2850:
2845:
2840:
2835:
2830:
2825:
2820:
2815:
2796:
2790:
2788:
2784:
2783:
2781:
2780:
2775:
2770:
2765:
2760:
2755:
2750:
2745:
2740:
2735:
2730:
2725:
2720:
2715:
2710:
2705:
2700:
2695:
2690:
2685:
2680:
2675:
2670:
2665:
2660:
2655:
2650:
2645:
2640:
2635:
2630:
2625:
2620:
2615:
2609:
2607:
2603:
2602:
2600:
2599:
2594:
2589:
2584:
2579:
2574:
2569:
2564:
2559:
2554:
2549:
2543:
2541:
2533:
2532:
2522:
2521:
2518:
2517:
2514:
2513:
2511:
2510:
2507:
2504:
2499:
2494:
2489:
2484:
2479:
2474:
2469:
2464:
2459:
2454:
2449:
2444:
2439:
2434:
2429:
2424:
2419:
2414:
2409:
2404:
2399:
2394:
2389:
2384:
2379:
2374:
2369:
2364:
2359:
2354:
2349:
2346:
2341:
2338:
2333:
2328:
2323:
2318:
2312:
2310:
2306:
2305:
2303:
2302:
2297:
2292:
2286:
2284:
2278:
2277:
2275:
2274:
2269:
2263:
2261:
2255:
2254:
2252:
2251:
2245:
2243:
2237:
2236:
2234:
2233:
2228:
2222:
2217:
2212:
2207:
2202:
2197:
2191:
2189:
2181:
2180:
2170:
2169:
2166:
2165:
2162:
2161:
2159:
2158:
2153:
2148:
2143:
2138:
2132:
2130:
2126:
2125:
2123:
2122:
2117:
2112:
2106:
2104:
2098:
2097:
2095:
2094:
2089:
2084:
2079:
2074:
2069:
2063:
2061:
2055:
2054:
2052:
2051:
2046:
2041:
2036:
2030:
2028:
2022:
2021:
2019:
2018:
2013:
2008:
2003:
1997:
1995:
1989:
1988:
1986:
1985:
1980:
1975:
1970:
1964:
1962:
1952:
1951:
1930:
1929:
1915:
1914:
1907:
1900:
1892:
1886:
1885:
1881:Penang Story:
1879:
1873:
1850:
1847:
1844:
1843:
1827:
1802:
1799:978-9795614302
1782:
1778:Socialist Asia
1765:
1752:
1725:
1697:
1696:
1694:
1691:
1687:
1686:
1681:
1679:
1674:
1672:
1667:
1665:
1660:
1658:
1653:
1651:
1646:
1644:
1639:
1637:
1632:
1630:
1628:
1623:
1621:
1617:
1616:
1611:
1609:
1604:
1602:
1597:
1595:
1590:
1588:
1583:
1581:
1576:
1574:
1569:
1567:
1562:
1560:
1555:
1553:
1548:
1546:
1542:
1541:
1536:
1534:
1532:
1530:
1525:
1523:
1518:
1516:
1514:
1512:
1507:
1505:
1503:
1501:
1497:
1496:
1494:
1489:
1487:
1482:
1480:
1475:
1473:
1468:
1466:
1461:
1459:
1454:
1452:
1447:
1445:
1440:
1438:
1433:
1431:
1427:
1426:
1424:
1422:
1420:
1418:
1416:
1414:
1412:
1410:
1408:
1406:
1403:
1402:
1399:
1394:
1389:
1384:
1379:
1374:
1369:
1364:
1359:
1353:
1352:
1349:
1343:
1341:
1338:
1335:
1334:
1332:Tan Chee Khoon
1329:
1310:
1308:
1306:
1303:
1298:
1296:
1290:
1289:
1287:Ishak Mohammad
1284:
1265:
1263:
1261:
1258:
1253:
1251:
1245:
1244:
1239:
1228:
1225:
1222:
1219:
1214:
1212:
1206:
1205:
1202:
1199:
1196:
1193:
1190:
1187:
1180:
1177:
1167:
1164:
1127:
1124:
1122:
1119:
1116:
1115:
1096:
1094:
1083:
1080:
1077:
1076:
1057:
1055:
1044:
1043:Radicalisation
1041:
1038:
1037:
1018:
1016:
1005:
1002:
999:
998:
979:
977:
966:
963:
928:
925:
899:anti-communist
874:
871:
869:
866:
821:
820:
818:
817:
810:
803:
795:
792:
791:
789:
788:
782:
780:
779:
767:
754:
751:
750:
747:
746:
741:
736:
729:
722:
710:
709:
704:
699:
694:
689:
682:
677:
672:
667:
661:
658:
657:
654:
653:
650:
649:
635:
634:
623:
622:
616:
615:
607:
600:
599:
596:
595:
588:
587:
582:
577:
572:
567:
561:
554:
553:
550:
549:
546:
545:
538:
537:
527:
526:
513:
506:
505:
502:
501:
497:
496:
488:
479:
478:
469:
468:
459:
458:
449:
448:
439:
438:
430:
423:
422:
419:
418:
415:
414:
405:
404:
390:
389:
384:Prime Minister
380:
379:
371:
364:
363:
360:
359:
355:
354:
346:
338:
329:
328:
312:
311:
302:
301:
285:
284:
278:
277:
264:
257:
256:
253:
252:
249:
248:
241:
240:
234:
233:
220:
213:
212:
209:
208:
198:
197:
185:
184:
168:
167:
165:
164:
159:
154:
148:
145:
144:
141:
137:
136:
126:
122:
121:
110:
106:
105:
100:
94:
93:
88:
82:
81:
78:
72:
71:
68:
64:
63:
60:
56:
55:
52:
48:
47:
44:
40:
39:
31:
30:
26:
23:
22:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3084:
3073:
3070:
3068:
3065:
3063:
3060:
3058:
3055:
3053:
3050:
3048:
3045:
3043:
3040:
3039:
3037:
3022:
3019:
3017:
3014:
3012:
3009:
3008:
3003:
2989:
2986:
2984:
2981:
2979:
2976:
2974:
2971:
2969:
2966:
2964:
2961:
2959:
2956:
2954:
2951:
2949:
2946:
2944:
2941:
2939:
2936:
2934:
2931:
2929:
2926:
2924:
2921:
2919:
2916:
2914:
2911:
2909:
2906:
2904:
2901:
2899:
2896:
2894:
2891:
2889:
2886:
2884:
2881:
2879:
2876:
2874:
2871:
2869:
2866:
2864:
2861:
2859:
2856:
2854:
2851:
2849:
2846:
2844:
2841:
2839:
2836:
2834:
2831:
2829:
2826:
2824:
2821:
2819:
2816:
2814:
2812:
2807:
2805:
2800:
2797:
2795:
2792:
2791:
2789:
2785:
2779:
2776:
2774:
2771:
2769:
2766:
2764:
2761:
2759:
2756:
2754:
2751:
2749:
2746:
2744:
2741:
2739:
2736:
2734:
2731:
2729:
2726:
2724:
2721:
2719:
2716:
2714:
2711:
2709:
2706:
2704:
2701:
2699:
2696:
2694:
2691:
2689:
2686:
2684:
2681:
2679:
2676:
2674:
2671:
2669:
2666:
2664:
2661:
2659:
2656:
2654:
2651:
2649:
2646:
2644:
2641:
2639:
2636:
2634:
2631:
2629:
2626:
2624:
2621:
2619:
2616:
2614:
2611:
2610:
2608:
2604:
2598:
2595:
2593:
2590:
2588:
2585:
2583:
2580:
2578:
2575:
2573:
2572:Barisan Sabah
2570:
2568:
2565:
2563:
2560:
2558:
2555:
2553:
2550:
2548:
2545:
2544:
2542:
2538:
2534:
2527:
2523:
2508:
2505:
2503:
2500:
2498:
2495:
2493:
2490:
2488:
2485:
2483:
2480:
2478:
2475:
2473:
2470:
2468:
2465:
2463:
2460:
2458:
2455:
2453:
2450:
2448:
2445:
2443:
2440:
2438:
2435:
2433:
2430:
2428:
2425:
2423:
2420:
2418:
2415:
2413:
2410:
2408:
2405:
2403:
2400:
2398:
2395:
2393:
2390:
2388:
2385:
2383:
2380:
2378:
2375:
2373:
2370:
2368:
2365:
2363:
2360:
2358:
2355:
2353:
2350:
2347:
2345:
2342:
2339:
2337:
2334:
2332:
2329:
2327:
2324:
2322:
2319:
2317:
2314:
2313:
2311:
2309:Other parties
2307:
2301:
2298:
2296:
2293:
2291:
2288:
2287:
2285:
2283:
2279:
2273:
2270:
2268:
2265:
2264:
2262:
2260:
2256:
2250:
2247:
2246:
2244:
2242:
2238:
2232:
2229:
2226:
2223:
2221:
2218:
2216:
2213:
2211:
2208:
2206:
2203:
2201:
2198:
2196:
2193:
2192:
2190:
2186:
2182:
2175:
2171:
2157:
2154:
2152:
2149:
2147:
2144:
2142:
2139:
2137:
2134:
2133:
2131:
2129:Other parties
2127:
2121:
2118:
2116:
2113:
2111:
2108:
2107:
2105:
2103:
2099:
2093:
2090:
2088:
2085:
2083:
2080:
2078:
2075:
2073:
2070:
2068:
2065:
2064:
2062:
2060:
2056:
2050:
2047:
2045:
2042:
2040:
2037:
2035:
2032:
2031:
2029:
2027:
2023:
2017:
2014:
2012:
2009:
2007:
2004:
2002:
1999:
1998:
1996:
1994:
1990:
1984:
1981:
1979:
1976:
1974:
1971:
1969:
1966:
1965:
1963:
1961:
1957:
1953:
1949:
1945:
1941:
1935:
1931:
1927:
1922:
1913:
1908:
1906:
1901:
1899:
1894:
1893:
1890:
1884:
1880:
1876:
1874:0-8047-5295-8
1870:
1866:
1861:
1860:
1853:
1852:
1840:
1836:
1831:
1824:
1820:
1816:
1812:
1806:
1800:
1796:
1792:
1786:
1779:
1775:
1769:
1762:
1756:
1741:
1740:
1735:
1729:
1714:
1713:
1708:
1702:
1698:
1680:
1673:
1666:
1659:
1652:
1645:
1638:
1631:
1629:
1622:
1619:
1618:
1610:
1603:
1596:
1589:
1582:
1575:
1568:
1561:
1554:
1547:
1544:
1543:
1535:
1533:
1531:
1524:
1517:
1515:
1513:
1506:
1504:
1502:
1499:
1498:
1495:
1488:
1481:
1474:
1467:
1460:
1453:
1446:
1439:
1432:
1430:2/3 majority
1429:
1428:
1425:
1423:
1421:
1419:
1417:
1415:
1413:
1411:
1409:
1407:
1405:
1404:
1400:
1398:
1395:
1393:
1390:
1388:
1385:
1383:
1380:
1378:
1375:
1373:
1370:
1368:
1365:
1363:
1360:
1358:
1355:
1354:
1346:
1333:
1330:
1326:
1320:
1311:
1309:
1307:
1304:
1297:
1295:
1292:
1291:
1288:
1285:
1281:
1275:
1266:
1264:
1262:
1259:
1252:
1250:
1247:
1246:
1243:
1240:
1238:
1229:
1226:
1223:
1220:
1213:
1211:
1208:
1207:
1203:
1200:
1197:
1194:
1191:
1188:
1185:
1184:
1176:
1174:
1163:
1161:
1158:, an elected
1157:
1153:
1149:
1145:
1141:
1137:
1133:
1112:
1103:
1099:
1095:
1092:
1088:
1087:
1073:
1064:
1060:
1056:
1053:
1049:
1048:
1034:
1025:
1021:
1017:
1014:
1010:
1009:
995:
986:
982:
978:
975:
971:
970:
962:
959:
957:
953:
949:
944:
942:
938:
934:
924:
922:
918:
913:
912:as a member.
911:
906:
904:
903:anti-colonial
900:
896:
892:
888:
884:
880:
865:
863:
859:
855:
851:
847:
843:
840:
836:
832:
828:
816:
811:
809:
804:
802:
797:
796:
794:
793:
787:
784:
783:
778:
773:
768:
766:
756:
755:
753:
752:
745:
742:
740:
737:
735:
734:
730:
728:
727:
723:
721:
718:
717:
716:
715:
708:
705:
703:
702:Islam Hadhari
700:
698:
695:
693:
690:
688:
687:
683:
681:
678:
676:
673:
671:
668:
666:
663:
662:
656:
655:
647:
643:
642:
638:
637:
632:
628:
625:
624:
621:
618:
617:
614:
613:
609:
608:
605:
598:
597:
592:
586:
583:
581:
578:
576:
573:
571:
568:
566:
563:
562:
559:
552:
551:
544:
541:
540:
536:
532:
529:
528:
525:
524:
520:
519:
517:
511:
504:
503:
495:
492:
489:
487:
484:
481:
480:
477:
476:
472:
471:
467:
464:
461:
460:
457:
456:
452:
451:
447:
444:
443:Chief Justice
441:
440:
437:
436:
435:Federal Court
432:
431:
428:
421:
420:
413:
410:
407:
406:
402:
398:
397:
396:Civil service
393:
392:
388:
387:Anwar Ibrahim
385:
382:
381:
378:
377:
373:
372:
369:
362:
361:
353:
350:
347:
345:
344:Anwar Ibrahim
342:
339:
337:
334:
331:
330:
327:
326:
322:
321:
320:
318:
310:
307:
304:
303:
300:
299:
295:
294:
293:
291:
283:
280:
279:
276:
275:
271:
270:
268:
262:
255:
254:
247:
244:
243:
239:
236:
235:
232:
231:
227:
226:
224:
218:
216:Head of State
211:
210:
204:
200:
199:
196:
187:
186:
183:
180:
174:
173:
163:
160:
158:
155:
153:
150:
149:
146:
142:
138:
135:
130:
127:
123:
119:
114:
111:
107:
104:
101:
99:
95:
92:
89:
87:
83:
79:
77:
73:
69:
65:
61:
57:
53:
49:
45:
41:
37:
32:
20:
2808:
2801:
2642:
1944:Dewan Rakyat
1940:Dewan Negara
1858:
1839:May Day 1956
1838:
1834:
1830:
1815:May Day 1956
1814:
1810:
1805:
1790:
1785:
1777:
1773:
1768:
1760:
1759:Rose, Saul.
1755:
1744:. Retrieved
1737:
1728:
1717:. Retrieved
1710:
1701:
1318:
1273:
1236:
1195:Total votes
1169:
1156:Malay rulers
1129:
1106:
1102:adding to it
1097:
1067:
1063:adding to it
1058:
1028:
1024:adding to it
1019:
989:
985:adding to it
980:
960:
945:
930:
914:
907:
895:Kuala Lumpur
886:
876:
861:
857:
841:
826:
824:
732:
724:
713:
712:
707:Asian values
686:Rukun Negara
684:
675:Conservatism
639:
610:
521:
485:
473:
453:
433:
394:
374:
336:Johari Abdul
323:
314:
296:
287:
272:
228:
175:
118:United Front
43:Abbreviation
2156:Independent
1109:August 2014
1070:August 2014
1031:August 2014
1004:Persecution
992:August 2014
927:Development
260:Legislature
191:Politics of
131:(1952–1966)
3036:Categories
1746:2023-11-12
1719:2023-11-12
1693:References
1160:presidency
937:Georgetown
733:Bumiputera
603:Federalism
143:Red, white
76:Youth wing
1825:. pp. 7-8
1317:4 seats;
1272:6 seats;
1186:Election
1173:Clause IV
1150:with the
1148:Singapore
921:socialist
893:) met in
697:Reformasi
670:Communism
665:Anarchism
509:Elections
463:President
426:Judiciary
367:Executive
306:President
162:Elections
115:(1957–66)
103:Left-wing
59:Dissolved
54:June 1952
1821:and the
1382:Selangor
1362:Kelantan
1121:Platform
883:SABERKAS
844:) was a
680:Feminism
401:agencies
194:Malaysia
179:a series
86:Ideology
46:Lab, LPM
1946:and/or
1793:, p130
1613:14 / 48
1392:Malacca
1300:2 / 159
1255:6 / 104
1144:English
956:Indians
952:Chinese
891:Sarawak
873:Origins
868:History
839:abbrev.
631:members
376:Cabinet
333:Speaker
140:Colours
51:Founded
1871:
1797:
1683:7 / 89
1676:0 / 32
1669:2 / 20
1662:0 / 24
1655:3 / 28
1648:0 / 24
1641:0 / 40
1634:2 / 24
1625:0 / 24
1606:3 / 32
1599:0 / 20
1592:3 / 24
1585:1 / 28
1578:0 / 24
1571:0 / 40
1564:7 / 24
1557:0 / 30
1550:0 / 24
1527:0 / 12
1520:0 / 13
1509:0 / 14
1377:Pahang
1367:Penang
1227:0.48%
1224:4,786
1216:0 / 52
1082:Demise
941:Penang
850:Malaya
486:Vacant
181:on the
120:(1966)
1837:, in
1813:, in
1776:, in
1620:1964
1545:1959
1538:0 / 3
1500:1955
1491:2 / 3
1484:2 / 3
1477:2 / 3
1470:2 / 3
1463:2 / 3
1456:2 / 3
1449:2 / 3
1442:2 / 3
1435:2 / 3
1397:Johor
1372:Perak
1357:Kedah
1140:Malay
948:Malay
854:state
831:Malay
1869:ISBN
1795:ISBN
1294:1964
1249:1959
1210:1955
950:and
885:(or
862:PMLP
825:The
646:list
535:2022
1865:324
1305:33
1260:31
1221:31
1104:.
1065:.
1026:.
987:.
939:in
864:).
848:in
842:LPM
585:GRS
580:GPS
3038::
1942:,
1867:.
1736:.
1709:.
1235:;
905:.
837:;
833::
575:PN
570:PH
565:BN
533::
2813:)
2809:(
2806:)
2802:(
2227:*
1911:e
1904:t
1897:v
1877:.
1749:.
1722:.
1327:)
1323:(
1282:)
1278:(
1111:)
1107:(
1072:)
1068:(
1033:)
1029:(
994:)
990:(
860:(
829:(
814:e
807:t
800:v
648:)
644:(
633:)
629:(
403:)
399:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
